1914 .. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE~ 7199
SOUTH DAKO~ LOBBY ACTIVITIES. P. J. Donohue, Bonesteel. Mr. FLOYD of Arkansas. 1\lr. Speaker, I submit herewith John T. Doyle, Plankinton. for printing under the rules a privileged report (No. 57{)) from Frank C. Fisher, Lead. the Committee on the Judiciary on the resolution introduced by Charles S. Eastmnn, Hot Springs. the gentleman from Tennessee {Mr. GABRETT] on December 9 Frank P. Gannaway, Chamberlain. last, which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, Frank Junge,' L-eola. - touching the investigation of lobby charges. I desire to notify George C. H. Kostboth, canastota. the House at this time that at some futur~ date which will suit T. J. Ryan, Bridgewater. the convenience of the House th~ matter will be called up for TEXAS. consideration in the House. T. S. Hamilton, Italy. l\Ir. MURDOCK. Mr. Speaker, will tbe gentleman yield? W. D. :McChristy, Brownwood. Mr. FLOYD of· Arkansas. Certainly. Frank K. Sterrett, Albany. l\fr. ~IURDOOK. Can the gentleman give the House some idea about when he Intends to call this up? It is a privileged UTAH. resolution. Lake E. Young, Helper. Ml". FLOYD of Arkansas. I wlli state that it is my purpose VIRGINIA. to call the matter up within a very short time and without un· Nina 1\foss, Beaverdam. necessary d"elay. I think it prudent, inasmuch as the report G. A. Sullivan, East Radford. has not been made public, to give the Members ampl~ time to WASHINGTON. study the report. I think I shall probably call it up within th~ Clifton A. Battles, Wenatchee. next five or six days; but in doing so I will take into consld~ra· George H. Bevan, Kettle Falls. tion the business and convenience of the Hoase. James Doherty, Olympia. The SPEA.KER. The gentleman from Arkansas {llr. FLoYD] WEST vmaiNIA~ submits a privileged report on the GatTett resolution touching Owen J. King, Elkins. the lobby investigation, to be printed under the rules. Lawrence l\f. Rowan, White Sulphur Springs, Mr.. U.ANN. Mr. Speaker, I take it that this report will be referred fu the Rouse Calendar? WISCONSIN. The SPEAKER. That is correct It will be referred to the Samuel P. Godfrey, Waupaca. House Cal~mdar · and printed. . L. T. Keppler, Kiel. John O'Sullivan, Washburn. INCREASE IN FREIGH'l' RATES. Adolph G. Pankow, Marshfield. l\1r. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, I move to discharge the Committee Matthew N. Stapleton, Rhinelander. on Interstate and Foreign Commerce from further consideration William J. Tobin, N'Orth 1\filwa.ukee. of House resolution 467, which I send to the desk and ask to have read. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution. REJEOTION. The Clerk rea.d as follows : . .Elxecutice M?n-ination rejected by the Senate Ap1iZ !4, 1914- House resolution 467. Resolv ed, Tha.t the President of the United States be. and he is PosTYASTER. hereby, reqaested to report to the House of Representatives for its Robert Boyd to be postmaster at Dothan, Ala. ln!ormation, alJ,. the facts within the knowledge or the Interstate Com mer~ Commission which show or tend to show that said commission ha.s m many cases faU~ to grant an increase in freight rates to the railroads where no obJections to such increase have been filed ami where the shippers in many instances have requested that soch Increase HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. be granted on the ground that it was just and reasonable. FRIDAY, 'April 934, 1914- lli. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I make the point of order that that is not a privileged resolution. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The SPEAKER. Th~ Chair wUl hear the gentleman fr'Om The Chruplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the fol Tennessee. lowing prayer: Mr. GARRE'I'T of Tennessee. I take it that it is offered as I We give Thee hearty thanks, our heavenly Father, that though a privileged resolution 7 there are differences of opinion, diversities of thought among Mr. LEVY. Yes. our people upon questions which seem vital to us as individuals, Air. GARR.ET:r of Tenne...<:See. M.r. Speaker, it calls for an yet in times of great crisis, when the honor of our Nation is opinion. a:ssailed, we can lay aside all differences an.i rally with one ac The SPEAKER. The Chair will hear the gentleman from cord to the support of our flag. Strengthen, we beseech Thee, Tennessee. our patriotic fervor, that our Nation may continue to grow in :Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. l\Ir. Speaker, the resolution all that makes a nation great and glorious, and Thine shall be calls for- the praise, through Jesus Christ our Lo.rd. Amen. -~ the f~cts within the knowledge of the Interstate Commerce Com The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and ap mlssion which show, or tend to show, that said commission has in proved. many cases failed to grant an increase in freight rates, etc. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. Unquestionably, to my mind, that calls for an opinion. A message from the Senate, by Mr. Tulley, one of its clerks, The SPEAKER. Whet·ein does it call for an opinion? announced that the Senate had passed joint resolution of the Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. The language " which show or following title, in which the concurrence of the House of Repre· tend to show," it seems to me, c.:.'tlls for an opinion. ' sentatives was requested: Mr. HAY. l\Ir. Speaker, I make the further point '<>f order S. J. Res. 142. Joint resolution authorizing the Vocational Edu that this is not privileged, because the resolution is not ad cation Commission to employ such stenographic and clerical as dressed to the head of a department. In order to make a reso~ sistants as may be necessary, etc. lution of this character privileged it must be addressed to The message also announced that the Senate had agreed to the head of one of the departments. the -report of the committee of conference on the disagreeing The SPF..AKER. The dt.fficulty abOut that contention is that votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the the Interstate Commerce Commission is not in any depart bill (H. R. 7138) to provide for raising the volunteer forces of ment. the United States in time of actual or threatened war. l\Ir. HAY. There is no provision in the rule which makes un The message also announced that the Senate had passed with inquiry addressed to the President, as this is, or to the Inter out amendment the following House concurrent resolution : state Commerce Commission, privileged. House concurrent resolution 36. The SPEAKER. The Ohair believes that matter was passed Resolved by the House of Representatives (tho Senate concurring) upon by the House in the celebrated case where the gentleman That the thanks of Congress be presented to the governor, and through from Texas, l\Ir. Gillespie, presented a resolution which was him to the pwple, of Michigan for the statue of Zachariah Chandler exactly like this one. No one raised the question of whether whose name lil so honorably identified with the history of that State ,and of the United States. it called for an opinion, and it went through. Resolved, That thlil work of art is accepted In the name of the Nation Mr. MADDEN. l\Ir. Speaker, the Interstate Commerce Com and a signed a place ln the old Hall of the House of Representatives mission is an independent governmental function. already set aside by a.ct of Congress for stntues of eminent citizens' and that a copy of this resolution, signed by the President of the The SPEAKER. But the House settled that by passing the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, be transmltted to Gillespie resolution. The Chalr refers to the point of asking the governor of the State of Michigan. the President for information. The Gillespie resolution was in 7200 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE. APRIL 24, terms precisely like this one, and the House, by its action, .Mr. ADAMSON. He desired to be heard on a general propo decided that we could call upon the President for information sition to raise railroad rates, but I had good reasons that I from the Interstate Commerce Commission. That much of it did not care to take up the time to hear him on that. I am is settled. Upon the other question which the gentleman raises, willing to hear him if he wants to come and discuss parlia as to its calling for an opinion, the Chair will hear the gentle mentary law on this resolution. man. In the case of the Gillespie resolution no one raised the .Mr. LEVY. .Mr. Speaker, have I the floor? point that it called for an opinion, and some of us remember The SPEAKER. No; the gentleman from Tennessee. what the appearance of the newspapers here in Washington Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. If the gentleman wishes to the next morning was after that transaction. discuss the point of order, I will be glad to hear the gentleman :Mr. ADAMSON. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman from first and then be recognized. Tennessee yield to me? Mr. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, I think it is clearly a question of Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Certainly. facts, and I refer the Speaker to Hinds' Precedents, page 175, 1\lr. AD.Al\fSON. Mr. Speaker, I was not apprised that this section 1873, where 1\Ir. PAYNE i:nade objection and the Speaker old resolution was to be brought to the attention of the ruled: Speaker and the House this morning. On yesterday there was Now, the Chair is perfectly clear, under the precedents, if the reso some discussion between the Speaker, the author of the resolu lution is to be made privileged, it must be a resolution of inquiry as to tion, and myself, and the author, it appeared, under proper facts existing. · advice had introduced a new and proper resolution. That new That is plain. resolution eliminates some of these words. That new resolu The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman please send up tlle tion was referred to our committee. Seven days not having volume? expired from the introduction of it, the committee was not called Mr. LEVY. Certainly. There is no opinion about it; it is a upon to act, or we probably would have done so at to-day's clear statement of facts. There are several hundred cases, with meeting. Being unaware that this resolution was to be again no objection whatsoever filed, where they have consented to called up, I did not happen to come in in time to hear the prayer them, and in the Toledo case the shippers themselves asked for and the speech and motion of the gentleman from New York, the increase. but I wish to say, as the matter concerns the committee of which 1\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, has the gentle I happen to be the chairman, that the Gillespie resolution did man cone! uded? not involve the question raised. by the gentleman from Tennes Mr. LEJVY. The Speaker is examining the Precedents. see at all. After the resolution had passed the House, the The SPEAKER. The Chair will hear the gentleman from gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. Dalzell, moved to reconsider, Tennessee. in order to make the point that the President was not the head Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, it seems so \ery of a department. The committee never seriously insisted upon clear to me that the words "or tend to show" included in this that; but the gentleman from Pennsylvania did it, and we resolution necessarily call for a reason, for the exercise of dis allowed that to go. cretion on the part of the President, that it falls without the rule. Mr. 1\fANN. 'Vas not that atter it passed the House? How can the facts be reported that are called for under this 1\Ir. ADAMSON. Yes, sir; after we passed the resolution the resolution without the exercise of some discretion? How is it gentleman from Pennsylvania, my recollection is, moved to possible to conceive that the language, "or tend to show," does reconsider in order to make that point. But the point I make not call for a reason upon the part of the President or upon the and the one the gentleman from Tennessee raised was not in part of whoever may make up the report? It is very clear it volved at all. The committee does not seem to have made does not call simply for the facts. I may be confused about the much fight upon it at that time, but the point here, Mr. Speaker, rna tter in my mind. is, if I may be allowed to impress my views upon the Chair, Mr. LEVY. May I interrupt my colleague? that this is not a call for facts at all. This language asks for Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Yes. an argument and opinion and requires an investigation to find Mr. LEVY. I can not see how there could be plainer lan out what the facts are that tend to show certain things. It he guage. It is the facts. They are existing facts, and there is had asked the President to give him the facts shown, as to what no opinion about it. It is s:imply a question of existing facts, the papers show, what the claims are instituted on in the papers public notoriety, and so forth. or anything of that sort that are physical facts, it would be a Mr. GARRETT of Tenne"see. The language says, "which different thing. This resolution proposes for the President to show or tend to show that said commission has in many cases." make inquiry to find out about certain cases filed by the rail In many cases. roads, to find out how many people objected to, if any, to find The SPEAKER. The Chair will ask the gentleman from out how many were unobjected to as to the raise in rates asked, Tennessee this question: What is the difference between facts and report what the facts are which show or tend to show cer which show and facts which tend to show, as far as this thing tain things. It is a direction to investigate matters not in the is concerned? knowledge of the Pre ident. It is unnecessary; the facts are in Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Because those which tend to the knowledge of the commission. It does not ask them defi show call for an opinion upon the part of the reporting authority. nitely to give certain facts in the case. The committee did not It calls for the exercise of his judgment as to whether they believe it was a privileged resolution, and therefore the com tend to show or do not tend to show. I think also, perhaps, mittee did not feel called upon to disregard and set aside more that might apply to "which show," as far as that is concerned. important business before the committee in order to rush a Mr. MANN. Will the gentleman yield for a question? report on this re olution. If, however, we had not been misled Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I will. by the introduction of the new resolution, and that this one Mr. MANN. Which calls for more of an opinion, that which \Yould not again be insisted on, we would have reported this one calls for facts "which show" or facts which "tend to show"? back to-day with recommendation that it lie on the table. Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. That would tend to strengthen l\Ir. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, to answer my colleague--- the position which I have taken. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Georgia has the floor Mr. MANN. How would you call for facts without getting unless he yields. the opinion of an official of some sort as to facts relating to the 1\Ir. ADAMSON. I was through, Mr. Speaker. subject matter? Mr. LEVY. I would like to state- 1\:Ir. ADAMSON. The gentleman from Tennessee has the floor Mr. FITZGEHALD. "Facts relating to it" is different~ and yielded to me. Mr. l\IANN. Unless you call for a specific paper, do you not The SPEAKER. That is correct. have to call for facts, and the officer who responds furnishes 1\Ir. ADAMSON. If the gentleman wants to ask me a ques facts which, in his opinion, meet the situation? Is not that call tion, I will try to answer it some way. ing for an opinion from him? Mr. LEVY. I was not convinced yesterday, and I am not 1\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. That may be; but that destroys convinced now-- • the privilege of the resolution. 1\Ir. ADAMSON. Well, the gentleman knows there is a piece The SPEAKER. The Chair would like to hear from the of poetry about convincing a party against his will, and that gentleman from Illinois [1\Ir. MANN] again on that point. he is of the same opinion still. 1\Ir. MANN. I will likely take the floor in a moment. I was _ Ur. LEVY. If my colleague will give me time and a hearing asking the gentleman if facts which show a thing do not require before the committee, but I have been unable to get a hearing as much of an opinion as facts which tend to show a thing. before the comrnittee- This does not call for the opinion of an officer, but when yon Mr. ADAMSON. Mr. Speaker, I was not aware the gentle call for facts, unless you call for a specific paper, the officer man desired to be heard on this proposition. must exercise his judgment as to what facts shall be presented. 1\fr. LEVY. I told the gentleman so. That is not calling for the opinion of the officer, but, of course, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO_USE. .7201 he must exercise his reason when he responds to a resolution Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. The gentlemnn from New York, calling for facts of any kind. under those circumstances, should ha ...-e n sked for the record·, Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Probably so; and when those and not for something that may call for exercise of discretion are called for it destroys the privileged character of the reso on the part of the President. lution. The SPEAKER. The Chair will ask the gentleman from Ten Mr. MANN. What destroys the privileged character of a nessee [Mr. GARRETT] this question: Suppose this resolution bad resolution is calling for the opinion of the officer. We do not been drawn to the effect that the President was thereby re ask the opinion of the officer. quested to furnish to the House the facts on which the Inter'" Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I beg the gentleman's pardon. state Commerce Commission refused to do this thing; would not If the facts called for necessitate the expression on the part of that clearly have been within the rule? an -officer or the use of discretion, it destroys its privileged Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I doubt it. character. The SPEAKER. How could you eYer get at the Interstate Mr. MANN. Take this case, which the gentleman will recall : Commerce Commission then? : A resolution was introduced in the House calling upon the War Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. You can call for specific facts Department for facts, showing how much money had been ex without calling for an action taken based upon those facts. pended on account of our possession of the Philippine Islands. You can call for the facts; but if you ca11 for any conclusion Ol' I think the gentleman is familiar with it? - · any proposition that requires the exercise of discretion on the Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Yes. part of a department or on the part of the President or on the 1\Ir. MANN. l made the point of order that it required the part of such a body as the Interstate Commerce Commission, it opinion of the officers, which point is practically sustained now, falls without the rule. There is a way of getting at those because they say they could not give the information. Bllt the things. Speaker decided, although the officer might have to ex~rcise his . The SPEl.AKER. Well, it is to be presumed that if the Inter judgment in reporting, the resolution only called for facts. · Now, state Commerce Commission has done a thing or failed to do a of course,· when you figure ont how much the Philippine Islands thing which it is considering, it must know why it did it li' have cost, that requires the exercise of .reason, at best, to deter failed to do it. . mine how much more is charged for the Army because officers Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Yes; but it does not have to are in the Philippines than would be charged if we did not have state it to us, Mr. Speaker, lmder a resolution of the Eouse. · the Philippines, and the Speaker ruled, and I agreed with his Mr. MAJ\TN. Mr. Speaker, we reach the Interstate Commer~e ruling, and followed it afterwards, although I made the point Commission through the President, because the President ap of order, that all it called for was facts. It seems to me that points the Commission, and we can not call directly upon tlle case was stronger on the gentleman's side than the present case. Interstate Commerce Commission. Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I remember the resolution. Now,· here is a resolution asking for facts which show. or Mr. MANN. I will agree with the gentleman about this, that tend to show, certain things. It is true that under the rules I do not think such a resolution ought to pass. and the precedents we can not call upon the head of a depart 1\!r. GARRETT of Tennessee. I do not think such a resolu ment or upon the President as to what conclusions he may reach tion is privileged. or what reasonings he may adopt. That is for the protection The SPEAKER. That is one thing, and another thing is both of the House and of the department, because it is not whether it is privileged or not. proper for the House to ask the head of a department why he Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I do not know does not do a thing or why he wants to do a thing. But when whether I can make it any clearer than I have made it. Per we call upon the head of a department for certain facts, what haps I have not made it clear. But if this does not call for the ever the resolution may be, it involves the use of judgment by exercise of discretion on the part of the authorities that will the head of the department to determine what the facts are report in response to it-- that we call for, unless we call for a copy of a specific paper; Mr. SHARP. Will the gentleman yield there for a question? and in order to do tha~ you have to determine whether this Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Certainly. specific paper that a department ha.s is the one that is called .Mr. SHARP. I was greatly impressed by what the gentle for. The reasoning does not apply to a case where the officer man from Illinois [Mr. MANN] said, and I think he is entirely must exercise a judgment in picking out the papers which he correct in his position. Are not these words used purely as submits. descriptive matter referring to a certain class of facts, and We did not ask for any information of the President as to would they not mean exactly the same as though you used the why the commission did or did not advance rates or why the words relating to that particular class of cases? commission has or has not acted upon this question. I do not Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I do not think so at all. I see how there is any escape from the conclusion that the reso think the words " relating to " would place it in a different lution only calls for facts, and I again call the attention of the class. Speaker to a ruling which the Speaker made upon the resolu Mr. STEPHENS of Texas. Will the gentleman yield? tion concerning the cost of the Philippine Islands to the Gov 1\fr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I will. ernment. There was a question involving a great many opin · 1\Ir. STEPHENS of Texas. I will ask how it would be possi ions on the part of the department as to whether a certain ble for the President to comply with this information? In order expenditure was made because we owned the Philippine Islands, to furnish the information he would have to be a mind reader or whether we would have had the expenditure if we had not in order to make the investigation. I do not think this resolu owned the Philippine Islands, and the Speaker ruled that the tion could require him to make this investigation. resolution, after all, only called for information, only called 1\fr. LEVY. This is all public record. for facts. Mr. STEPHENS of Texas. It says: It might be a very difficult matter of judgment for the officer That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby, re to determine whether the facts . which were called for were quested to report to the House of Representatives, for its information, all the facts within the knowledge of the Interstate Commerce Com these or some others. It might be a very difficult thing to deter misslori- · mine what the facts were. But, after all, what we were calling And ~o forth. How is it possible for the President of the for were the facts. The Speaker held that the resolution was United States to know? privileged. I do not myself believe that such a resolution as The SPEAKER. The Chair will suggest to the gentleman this ought to be passed at this time, with these matters pending from Texas that the House passed on that question, and the before the commission; but when it comes to ruling what is in then Speaker passed on it. Both the House and the Speaker order the House ought to protect itself as to its right to call c.oncluded that it was proper to pass a resolution like this upon the heads of departments for facts which are in their pos that· is, -so far as this one point is concerned-calling on the session, either now or at any other time, and not waive its President to furnish the facts from the Interstate Commerce rights. CommisSion, because the Interstate Commerce Commission is · Mr. TOWNER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call the attention in no department. That matter is res adjudicata. - of the Chair to the fact that it is not facts that are called for 1\lr. GARRETT of Teimessee. Yes, Mr. Speaker, but the ques in this resolution. - tion which the gentleman from Texas suggested was not whether If it were a resolution that called for the facts regarding it was proper to call upon the President or that it might be these cases where applications were made for increases, that within our power to call upon the· President, but how was it would be one thing. But that is not what this resolution does. possible for the President to furnish those facts, under the It does not call for the facts, but for a certain character or wording of this resolution, without the exercise of discretion? class of facts, and that character and class of facts can not he Mr. LEVY. If you will allow· me, I will say that this is all stated under this resolution without giving the opinion of the of public record. Interstate Commerce -Commission, because this is the situa- - LI--454 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. tion : This resolution asks for facts as to why they did not do Members of Oongress, who ask for 25 to 500 copies each. The a certain thing. A hundred facts may be before the commis bureau is endeavoring to comply with all requests, at least in sion. The commission may think that one of those facts is a part, but the funds available for printing are not sufficient to sufficient ground or reason for their action or for their non ~eet the demand. Th~ publication is a practical, plainly written action, and this resolution calls for a specific fact or for specific little pamphlet, h·eatmg of the care of infants from the time facts, as the reason why they do not act, and the very descrip of birth, and the requests that have been received for it are tion of those facts under these circumstances constitutes a state the strongest indorsement of its value. ment of the reasons or grounds. Mr. MANN. Now, if the gentleman will permit, the Members It seems to me that this is clear, that this can not be an of Congress have, some of them, applied for 500 copies of this . swered by anybody, either by the President or the Interstate pamphlet. Why should we give to the Public Health Senice Commerce Commission, unless they shall state what of the the copies which will go to Congressmen, instead of giving them facts that may be before them are in their judgment sufficient to the House itself. grounds for not deciding, or withholding a decision, and that, 1\ir. BARNHART. The reason fdr that is that applications of course, calls for a decision or judgment upon the 1·easons, to t;he Public Health Service have already been made for 30,000 and not the facts themselves. copies. The SPEAKER. The Chair is ready to rule. The gentle Mr. MANN. That includes the requests of Members of Con man from illinois [Mr. 1\IANN] made the remark twice that this gress, some of whom have asked for 500 copies? resolution ought not to be passed. The Chair has nothing on Mr. BARNHART. Yes. They will be filled when the bureau earth to do with that. That is one thing. is given the pamphlets. The only question involved here is whether this resolution Mr. FOSTER. Member:; of Congress would have their quota calls for facts. The House·passed a resolution with precisely the in the folding room, and then go over there and get additional same words, down to the point where the specific facts are men copies? ' tioned, when 1\Ir. Gillespie, of Texas, offered it here, with nobody Mr. 1\lANN. What I am asking is, Why should we not de raising the question, and the Chair does not belie--re that the crease the number to go to the Public Health Service and in House ought to be too quick 1n throwing away its own rights crease the number which should go to the Members of the about investigating the transactions of the departments, and House?. what is almost equivalent to one, this Interstate Commerce Mr. BARNRART. Because in such instances thoD Members Commission ; and he overrules the point of order against this who want to send out the pamphlet they could be supplied on resolution. application to the Public Health Service, whereas if all are Mr. ADAMSON. Mr. Speaker, I mo--re to lay the resolution placed to the credit of Members in the folding room, half of on the table. them will never ask for their allotment, they will never be sent The SPE.AKER. The gentleman from Georgia [Mr. ADAM out, and therefore, as is too often the case, wasted. soN] moves to lay the resolution on the table. The question is Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the right to object. on agreeing to that motion. Mr. MANN. I have already reserved the right to object. The question was taken, and the Speaker announced that Mr: FITZGERALD. The ',l'reasury Department this year has, the ayes seemed to have it. I believe, $340,000 for printing. It allots that printing fund Mr. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, I call for a division. to the various bureaus in the department. It has ample money The SPElAKER. The gentleman from New York demands n. to do the printing necessary. Why should any printing for division. Those in favor of tabling this resolution will rise any of the bureaus of the Treasury Department be done at the and stand until they are counted. [After counting.] One hun expense of the congressional allotment? That is an abuse, and dred and thirty-five gentlemen have arisen in the affirmative. some attempt has been made to stop it in recent years. This Those opposed will rise and stand until they are counted. is a revival of a.:n abuse for which there can be no possible [After counting.] Eight gentlemen have arisen in the nega excuse. If the gentlemen desires to print these bulletins and place them at the disposal of the two Houses and charge it to tive. The ayes have it, and the motion to table the resolution the congressional allotment for printing, that is one thing; but is agreed to. to print for the bureaus of the Government, that are given PRINTING FOR PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (H. DOC. NO. 919). ample appropriations for their printing, and charge the addi 1\1r. BARNHART. Mr. Speaker, I submit the following reso tio~al printing to the congressional allotment, is an entirely lution and ask for its present consideration. different matter. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana offers a reso Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. The gentleman says t.hey lution and asks for its present consideration. The Clerk will have ample appropriations now for all their printing. The fact report the resolution. is that there are a great many documents issued by the Public The Clerk read as follows: Health Bureau that are desired by Congressmen because of the House resolution 477 (H. Rept. 574). requests that come from people in the various districts, and the Resolved, That there shall be printed as a House document 60,000 bureau can not furnish them because they have not sufficient copies of Supplement No. 10 to the Public Health Report, entitled " The means. Ca re of the Baby," 35,000 copies for the use of the Public Health Serv ice, and 25,000 copies for the use of the House, the same to be dis Mr. FITZGERALD. That is because the Secretary of the tributed through the folding room. of the House. Treasury does not give them . the proper allotment out of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera appropriation. tion of the resolution? Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. That is possibly because Mr. MANN. Reserving the right to object, I understand that Congress does not give the Secretary enough. these copies are to be printed for the use of the Public Health Mr. FITZGERALD. Oh, we give them liberal appropriations Service. I take it that the printing will be charged to the con for printing. gressional printing fund and not to the printing fund of the Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. There are a great many Treasury Deparbnent? · publications that we can not get from the Bureau of Public Mr. BARNHART. Yes; so I understand. Health that are very desirable, because they have no funds 1\Ir. MANN. How much will they cost? with which to do the printing. 1\fr. BARNHART. They will cost $291.46. Mr. FITZGERALD. If the printing is to be paid for out of :Mr. M.A.l\'N. That is for the 35,000? the allotment for printing for Congress, it ought to be placed at Mr. BAUNHART. No; the 60,000 copies. the disposal of Congress. If the printing is to be placed at the Mr. MANN. Do they not have authority to print them now in disposal of the department, it should be charged to the depart the Bureau of Public Health? mental appropriation. Mr. BARNHART. They have the authority to print them Mr. SHERLEY. I suggest to the gentleman that there is one now, but they say they have no funds. way in which the constituents of the gentleman from Mississippi Mr. FOSTER. They are limited in the amount of money they can get these publications, and that is by paying a very nominal have. sum for them. .1\Ir. MANN. I did not know whether they had authority to Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. A great many people can print an unlimited edition. not get them in that way, because there are not enough to go Mr. FOSTER. I think they have reprints. round. Mr. MANN. How will they distribute the 35,000 copies? 1\Ir. SHERLEY. They have the power to print whenever Mr. BARNHART. Mr. Speaker, a letter from the Health there is a commercial demand for them; but these people want Bureau says that they have already printed 15,000 copies. The to get something for nothing. · edition has been off the press only about 10 days, and the Mr. HUMPID;tElYS of Mississippi. The people do not wnnt Public Health Bureau has received requests for the publication them because they want to get something for nothing, but they aggregating in number 30,000 copies. The original edition was want them because they are valuable publications and very de 15,000 copies. Many of these requests have been received from sirable.. At least, this particular publication is veri desii·able, 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. · 7203 and whether they are paid for out of the appropriation for on the expenditure of $291 in a matter that is of so much con printing for the Treasury Department or paid for out of the ap cern to the health of the children and the happiness of the home. propriation for congressional printing, they will be paid for out Mr. FITZGERALD. Let me say that if this expenditure of the Pqblic Treasury anyway. That question does not affect would save the gentleman from Pennsylvania long hours of the desirability of the pamphlet, and it does not affect the fact patient waiting and midnight walking the floors and would .that people get them for nothing. I take it there is nothing in enable the gentleman to take on some flesh, I would not object. that objection. What difference does it make? [Laughter.] · Mr. FITZGERALD. It does make considerable difference Mr. SHARP. Will the gentleman yield? .whether the appropriation that is made for printing for Con !fr. BARNHART. Yes; I will. gress is used to pay for printing for one of the departments or Mr. SHARP. I would like to ask the gentleman if it would .. whether the department does the printing that it is authorized not be the better part of wisdom and economy to provide a small to have out of the appropriations given for that purpose. appropriation of $291 for this purpose than to waste twice that ~ Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. The publications of this amount in useless talk? particular bureau are very valuable, and they go to people who Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I ask for the regular order. require publications of this character. The SPEAKER. The regular order is to put the question. Mr. FITZGERALD. I think they are valuable publications. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. Mr. HUMPHREYS of MississippL The gentleman says they The Clerk will read the report. already have ample funds. I do not think they have. The Clerk read the report (by Mr. BARNHART), as follows: Mr. FITZGERALD. I think they have, and I know what I The Committee on Printing having had under consideration the House resolution (H. Res. 477) providing for the printing as a House docu am talking about. ment Supplement No. 10 to the Public Health Report entitled "The Mr. SHERLEY. The trouble comes in this way: The very Care of the Baby," reports the same back to the House 'with the recom mendation that the resolution be agreed to. moment you have Congress printing for departments out of i~s The estimated cost will be $291.46. allotment, various bulletins, you put the department in the posi The unencumbered balance of the allotment for printing and binding tion where instead of using their funds for matters they ought for Congress for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1014, is $314,996.67. to use them for they select those things they can not get Con Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, I move to amend by strik gress to appropriate for printing and leave the pressure on ing out the words "thirty-five thousand" and insert in lieu Congress for things that there may be a wide public ~em~n ~or. thereof the words "ten thousand," and to strike out " tw~nty . The result is a great increase in the annual bill for prmting. five thousand" and insert "fifty thousand," so that 10,000 The reason I made the suggestion was that we waste more copies will be for the Public Health Service and 50,000 for the money, proportionately, in public printing, than in any other House. I understood the gentleman from Indiana to say that activity of the Government, and we do it because we advertise the Public Health Service had large demands from Members of to all America that they can get various things for nothing. the House for copies. If the printing is not to be done at the :Then the people make demands for them without any real expense of the allotment of that service, but of the congres knowledge of what they contain, and without any knowledge of sional allotment, it seems to me that the copies should be for :whether they wish them or not, but simply because they are the House. free. It ought not to be a burden on the citizen who pays for The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendment. it in the long run to pay a nominal sum for the thing he wants, The Clerk read as follows : and then he will determine whether he wants it before he Line 4, strike out the word " thirty-five" and insert in lieu thereof requests it. the word "ten"; line 5, strike out the word "twenty-five" and insert Mr. BARNHART. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman is simply in lieu thereof the word "fifty." making the same argument that I made when the appropriation The amendment was agreed to. for the Ohlldren's Bureau was up-that the departments do The resolution as amended was agreed to. duplicate educational endeavor. As far as the extravagance of OHARLES ALLEN SMITH. congressional printing is concerned, I think this is only the Mr. MOORE. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to ex seventh or eighth little bill that the Committee on Printing has tend some remarks in the RECORD on Charles Allen Smith, a brought in this session. young sailor from Philadelphia, who was killed at Vera Cruz. Mr. FITZGERALD. I will say to the gentleman that I have The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the not criticized the Committee on Printing. gentleman from Pennsylvania? Mr. SHERLEY. Neither have I criticized the gentleman's There was no objection. committee. Mr. MOORE. Mr. Ohairman, the death of Charles Allen Mr. BARNHART. I am not saying that the gentlemen hnve Smith, reported by the Navy Department as having occurred criticized the committee, I am saying that the gentleman from at Veta Cruz, due possibly to a Mexican bullet fiTed from the · Kentucky has stated on the floor just what I said when the housetops, adds to the roll of the Nation's heroes a second ·appropriation was up for the Children's Bureau, namely, that the Philadelphian sacrificed in the service of his country. This departments are overlapping each other. But this important young man resided in Kensington. Like George Poinsett, to ·and helpful printing, however, I find in my own State that the whom I referred briefly on Wednesday last, he had just passed · State board of health has sent out a little pamphlet similar to hls twentieth bithday. He was truly representative of the this-other States are doubtless doing the same-and therefore spirit of the Navy. He had been in the service since August ·I limited the number of copies to the very least nutnber I 31, 1911. During that time from the small stipend received thought might be used. from the Government he had contributed regularly to the sup Mr. MOORE. Will the gentleman yield? port of his mother and his three minor sisters. Indeed, he was Mr. BARNHART. Yes. a prop to a family bereft of the husband and father, and his Mr. MOORE. Am I right in my understanding that the esti death, apart from the patriotic impulses which inspited it, mated cost is only $291 for 35,000 copies? brings positive distress upon the home he was helping to sup Mr. BARNHART. For 60,000 copies. port. I have no further comment to make at this time except Mr. 1\IOORE. And one-half to go to the Public Health Service to say that although we are enlisted for the war and must would cost $146. May I ask the gentleman, who has children maintain the honor of this country at any cost we should not · of his own, as I have, whether it would not be worth $291 if be unmindful of its tetrors and the desolation and dish·ess it ·only the life of one child was saved through the distribution of brings in individual cases like this. the 60,000 pamphlets? IDEAL CITIZENSHIP. :M:r. BARNHART. Most assuredly. Mr. POU. !fr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert Mr. FITZGERALD. I want to say that I have more children in the RECORD a speech delivered by Hon. THOMAS W. liARD than the gentleman from Pennsylvania and the gentleman from WICK, on April 15, 1914, before the Oglethorpe Club, of Savan Indiana put together. nah, Ga., upon the subject of ideal citizenship. Mr. BARNHART. I am not a boastful man. [Laughter.] The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina asks Mr. MOORE. So far as the" gentleman from Pennsylvania" unanimous consent to print in the RECORD a speech delivered is concerned, he does not acknowledge that the gentleman from by the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. HARDWICK] at Savannah, New York is a rival in that matter at all, and never did acknowl Ga., on the subject of ideal· citizenship. Is there objection? . edge it. But having passed through several periods of "watch- There was no objection. 1 ful waiting" [laughter], long midnight hours, as it were, he The speech referred to is as follows : · knows that if there had been at his service some of these pam- SPEECH OF HON. THOMAS W. HARDWICK, OF GEORGIA, AT THE ANNUAL .phlets he might have been spared a great deal of time and saved BANQUET OF THE CRACKER CLUB, OF SAVANNAH, GA., ON WEDNESDAY, ' b. great deal of 1·est. In the interest of the fathers and mothers APRIL 15, 1914. ~ of this land, the gentleman from Pennsylvania ventures to think Mr. Toastmaster and gentlemen, first of all, permit me to it is mighty small business to raise the question of economY. express to the officers and members of this club my very high 7204 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. APRIL 24, appreeiation of your invitati-on to be your guest this evening, Then, again, this "Georgia Cracker" is patriotic. Helon~.s hi~ and my very great pleasure at having been able to accept that country with his whole heart, his whole mind, antl his whole invitation. stren
only 0.9 per cent of the entire population is foreign born; 1n their own countries by the glowing pictures of the American North Carolina, 0.3 per cent; in South Carolina, 0.04 per cent; laboring man returning home at night from his day of toil with 'Georgia, 0.6 per cent; Alabama, 0.9 per cent; Mississippi, 0.5 a bag of gold upon his shoulder, as some of them testified. per cent; Louisiana, 3.2 per cent; Texas, 6.2 per cent, an aver But an examination of the witnesses disclosed that the minds age of 1.6 per cent for the above-named States. If we take the of them all were filled to the brim with socialistic, anarchistic, 11 States that formed the Southern Confederacy, we find that un-American ideas. It appeared that there was almost endless ,the average per cent of foreign-born population in them is 1.8 variety of nationality among them and probably the greatest ver cent. Turn for a moment to other sections of this country confusion of tongues since the day when the tower of Babel fell. and what do we find? So that when the climax of their bitter wrongs came they ap We find 11 great States-3 in New England, 2 in the !\fiddle pealed not to the law and authorities of this country but to the ;;Atlantic group, and 6 in the Northwest and in the far West ministers and consuls of at least ~6 foreign nations. Here is .where the percentage of foreign-born population is so large as to where the problem presses hardest. These poor men were not be appalling. Let me give you the list of these States with their then, and had no notion of becoming, American citizens. They percentages: had no .Place in this country; they did not belong here ; they Per cent. were simply brought here in droves and swarms in order that Rhode IIDund ------33. selfish and short-sighted capital might fatten on their labor 1\Ia.s achusetts ------~------~----- 31. 5 while it turned a deaf ear to their wrongs and sorrows. They New York------30.2 were unassimilated and undigested, and incapable of assimila Connecticut------29.6 North DakotL------27. 1 tion or digestion into our body politic. Minnesota ------26. 2 Fellow Georgians, I have almost done. Let me say, fTom 12 years' experience and close observation at the political nerve ~~~ta~~s~:.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.======:::.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.=.=:::.=.=.=.= ~~: 2 California ------24. 7 ce~ter of the Republic, that, I am convinced that the people of Nevada-----~------24.1 this c~mntry are confronting a crisis that challenges their Tery ·'Arizona ------28. 9 capacity for self-government. The issues that are forcing them An average for these States of 27.4 per cent. According to selves upon us rise far above party, far above State and section. the same authority the average percentage of the foreign-born They involve the very life of our American system of govern population of the New England States is 27.9 per cent; of the ment, that splendid system of government that more than in Midille Atlantic States, 25.1 per cent; of the Pacific States, 22.8 spired our own great Hill to his most brillllant flights of elo per cent quence. Hear him to-night as he eulogizes it, "To him who It must be remembered, also, that these figures do not include loves liberty it is more enchanting than romance, more bewitch Citizens born on this soil of foreign parentage. I have not been ing than love, and more elevating than the study of any other able to find the official figures on this question reduced to the science." Hear him as he exclaims, "The snows that fall on percentage basis, but in addition to the population in this coun Mount Washington are not purer than the motives which begvt try that is of foreign birth, the reports show that 18,897,831 it; the fresh dew-laden zephyrs from the orange groves of the are born of foreign parentage besides 13,343))83 of foreign birth. Sou~ are not sweeter than the hopes its advent inspired, and In the State of Georgia, however. we have only 25,672 citizens the flight of our own symbolic eagle, though he blow his breath of foreign parentage, as against 1,391,058 born of native white on the sun, can not be higher than its expected destiny." parentage, and the other Southern States maintain almost as This system of government that the great Georgian so elo good an average on this question as does Georgia. quently and so justly eulogized is the American system, our sys Such is the situation. These are the conditions that confront tem; it is the best product of the minds and brains of your us, a.s disclosed by official reports of the Government. I do not fathers and of mine, generously watered with their blood and advert to it in either alarming style or sensational fashion. sanctified by their sufferings. It is the system of liberty with Nothing is further from my purpose. I nave -full, yea, over out license, of power without oppression, of strength without fiowing, sympathy with the noble idea that this great country of arrogance. It is the system of unified power for general and ours should afford to the oppressed and virtuous of every 1and foreign purposes and of local self-government m local affairs. an asylum of refuge from persecution and injustice. I acknowl It is the system of coordinated powers, of checks and balances, edge in ungrudging measure the great debt of gratitude we owe of representative, orderly, free government. It is the system of to those people of other and less fortunate lands who have individual opportunity and of civil ·and religious liberty, for it sought and found a happier home in ours, giving generously of guarantees to every citizen of the Republic the right to worship their brain and brawn to the progress and prosperity of the God according to the dictates of his own conscience and to fol Republic, renouncing all conflicting allegiances to become true low his own .Path in the pursuit of life, liberty, and happiness so and loyal American citizens. To such men-and I thank God long as his course does not injure others. It is the system in, that the vast majority of our southern citizens of foreign birth which the individual citizen is the crowned and anointed king, . or lineage can be so classified-no man can extend a heartier and in which the laws are framed so power shall flow from the .welcome than I; but I can not be insensible, nor can you, to citizen down to his government and not from the government the dangers involved in the situation. Because we welcome the down to its subject. .worthy and virtuous from every land, where they are capable I love it with all my heart and soul, and for that I"eason I tell of assimilation with our own people, I do not believe that we you to-night that in the great ocean of our national life strange can afford to welcome here the scum of the earth from every and terrifying currents are swirling; strange blood from other land, who come to this country not to become a part of it, but to lands, in far too great quantity and of at least doubtful quality, strip it bare, to take the bread of labor from American mouths has been injected into our body politic. Too many, ah, too and to carry back in triumph to some foreign shore the spoils vastly many, of these men know nothing and care less for the of their brief sojourn among us. Nor can I be insensible to the American system, for the American standard, for American graye danger to our American system of Government that is ideals. They have brought with them from over the seas new illvolved in the continued and increasing influx of these classes . and strange heresies that threaten to sweep us from our old and of foreigners. They know nothing of American history, they tried moorings into new and dangerous doctrines of paternalism care nothing for American traditions, and they are without -and socialism. Do not misunderstand me ; I am as progressive sympathy for American institutions. In large part they do not as anybody in this Union in demanding that the era of special $peak and can not learn our language. They come here filled .Privilege shall cease; as insistent as anybody, in any party, in .with all sorts of socialistic, anarchistic, and nihilistic id.eas, demanding the restoration of competitive conditions and in impatient of all restraints imposed by law, and utterly· and dividual opportunity, but I shall neTer mo.Ve an inch, whether in supremely indifferent to the welfare of that country in which public life or plivate· station, along the path that leads to the they propose to linger only long enough to make enough money substitution of public monopoly for private monopoly. To my to support them in comfort elsewhere. It fell to my lot on one mind both forms of monopoly are equally intolerable and equally occasion to have all these truths impressed on my mind with indefensible. If the Democratic Party is to remain true to its startling force. It was on the occasion when the Committee faith, loyal to its cardinal doctrines and principles; if the Union on Rules of your House of Representatives investigated the of the States is to weserve and retain the American system of great strike at Lawrence, Mass., in 1912. I gave my undivided Government, under which it has grown to be the greatest and attention to that inquiry and conducted a considerable portion richest and most powerful Nation of the earth, then I tell yon of it myself for the committee. to-night the saving grace must come from the South, the home Wll.en all the evidence was in it. presented a picture of strong of the purest blooded American people in the Republic, the last and contrasting lights and of startling significance. It was citadel of the old-time stock, and in the very vanguard of the apparent that the poor people engaged in that strike, however host that must battle for the Government of our fathers, for rep guilty they might have been of riot, disorder, and lawbreaking, resentative government, for liberty, and for individualism, must had suffered grievous wrongs and oppression from the driving Btand the Georgia Cracker ; and if, perchance, the future trials slave masters ill; whose interest .they had been i!!duced to leave that God has .ordained !or this people shall demand, in the hour !.- - 7206 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRlJJ _ 24~ of gravest need, some leader with the unselfish patriotism of a gentleman from Oregon desire to · get information with respect Washington, the deep philosophy of a J efferson, and the daunt to the particular documents that are to be printed? less courage of a Jackson, the country may turn again for such M r. ~AFFERTY. Oh, I have no intention of opposing the leadership to the· southern portion of the Republic, the cradle re~ol?-twn; but I desire to address myself to the subject of of its liberties, the nursery of its early greatness. prmtmg generally. CHICKASAW AND CHOCTAW INDIANS. 1\fr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. .1\Ir. Speaker, I yield back 1\fr. MURRAY of Oklahoma. :Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous the remainder of m:v time. consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD upon the subject Mr. BARNHART ~ l\fr. Speaker, I yield three minutes to the of the enrollment in the Chickasaw and Choctaw Tribes of gentleman f rom Oregon [Mr. LAFFERTY] . . Indians. 1\fr. LAFFERTY. Mr. Speaker, certain newspapers in New The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Oklahoma as~s unani ~ork and el~ewhe:e . have. recently complained that the congres mous consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD on the enroll ~wnal frankmg privilege IS a graft and that it ought to be abol ment of the Chickasaw and Choctaw Indians. Is there objec Ished. ~et us see what the facts are. A Congressman or Sena tion? t~r ~avmg a speech or report printed for distribution in his There was no objection. d!strict must ~ear _all the expense of such printing. He must gi\e the Pu_bhc Prmter a check on his pri'Vate funds for such FLOODS IN MISSISSIPPI RITER. cost. My !}ill at the Go'Vernment Printing Office the past three :Mr. B.AllXHAllT. Mr. Speaker, I submit the following privi years has been a good part of my salary. The only thing the leged resolution, which I send to the desk and ask to have Go\ern:nent donates is the po~tal frank. I am perfectly willing read. that th1~ I?ostal frank be abolished, provided Congre. will 11ass The Clerk read as follows: a law givmg to .1\fembers and Senators the same postal rates House resolution 458 {H. Rept. 573). that are now enjoyed by the same newspapers that are now Reso"lt:cd, That the following reports_:_ cor_nplaining of the "congressional franking graft." The big First. Report of Bernard and •.rotten, 1822, House Document No. 35, daily newspapers only pay 1 cent a pound for sending out their Seventeenth Congress, second R ssion; Second. Report of Charles Ellet, jr., 1852, Senate Executive Docu· papers, or $20 a ton. If Congress will give me those same ment No. 20, Thirty-second Congress; first session; and terms I can send a speech to each voter in my district for from Third. Report of Gen. A. A. Humphreys, 1866, Senate Executive $20 $40 Document No. , Fortieth Congt·ess. first session- to postage, which co t would be negligible. Besides relative to the control of floods in the Mississippi River be reprinted as getting a rate of $20 a ton, which is less than the transconti one pamphlet for the use of the House. ne~tal freight rate, the newspapers may send their papers by Mr. .1\IAl~ . 1\Ir. Speaker, will the gentleman yield for a mail anywhere in the county of publication, except at city deli\ question? ery offices, free of any postage. Furthermore, the peeches of a Mr. BARNHART. Certainly. Congressman or Senators are delayed in transmis ion as dead l\Ir. .1\IA...~N. What would be the expense of this? head matter, while newspapers go by fast mail. .1\Iy speeches Mr. BARNHART. Four hundred and ninety-five dollars. recently sent to Portland were delayed 10 days on this account. Mr. MANN. This would be printed in the usual manner. It I should have preferred to pay the same insignificant 1 cent a is provided lliat it shall be printed for the use of the House. pound that the newspapers pay and had my peeches delivered .1\fr. BARNHART. Yes. on time. But what the newspapers would like to see required Mr. .1\f.ANN. I do not know any way of doing that unless of a Congressman is that he pay first-class -postage on his the number be specified. If it is to be printed as a House speeches, or 100 times as much as the newspapers pay. The document, then it would be printed in the ordinary form as a newspapers desire to be the only means of communication be House document, and we would get a certain quota and the tween the National Legislature and the people. The newspapers Senate would get a certain quota, but there is no number speci would then be able to mold 110blic opinion completely and run fied in the resolution and the Public Printer would not know the Government according to their own selfish ends. The public what to do with it. If the gentleman just wants to have it is waking up to its rights. Hereafter the newspap c~·s will be l)rinted, it better read "printed as a House document." servants rather than the self-appointed bosses of the country. Mr. BARNHART. Mr. Speaker, then I move to amend the [Applause.] rasolution by inserting in line l2 the words "as a House docu The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the resolu ment" in lieu of the words "for the use of the House." tion. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendment. The question was taken, and the resolution as amendeJ was The Clerk read as follows : agreed to. Line 12, strike out the words " for the use of the House" and insert GENERAL DATA ON LAKE SUPERIOR-MISSISSIPPI RIVER CANAL. in lieu thereof the words " as a House document," so that the line would read: Mr. BARNHART. Mr. Speaker, I submit the following privi "Reprinted a.a one pamphlet as a House document." leged resolution and ask for its present consideration. The SPEAKER. The question is on agreei11g to· the :tlllfnd- The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution. ment. The Clerk read as follows : Mr. CULLOP. 1\lr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? House resolution 460 (H. Rept. 575). Mr. BARNHART. Certainly. Resolved, That there shall be printed as a House document 1,800 Mr. CULLOP. What would be the number pdnted? copies of a report made by Government Engineers C. L. Potter, F. R. Shunk, and E. D. Peck, and designated as General Data on Lake Mr. BARNHART. That would be 1,361, under the rules. Superior-Mississippi River Canal. The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the amend- ment. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the report. The amendment was agreed to. The Clerk read a,s follows: The Committee on Pl'inting having had under con ideration the House The SPEAKER. The Clerk will >.·ead. the rel)ort. resolution (H. Res. 460) providing for tbe printing as a llou e document The Clerk read as follows : the report made by Government Engineers C. L. Potter, F. R. Shunk and Mr. llAR.'HAnT, from the Committee on Printing, . makes the following ·E. D. Peck, and designated as General Data on Lake Superior-Mississippi report (to accompany H. Res. 458) : River Canal, reports tbe same back to the House with tlle recommenda "The Committee on Printing having had under consideration the tion that the resolution be agreed to. House resolution (H. Res. 458) providing fot· the printing as a House The estimated cost will be 144.18. document the reports of Bernard and Totten, Charles Ellet, jr., and Gen . The unincumbered balance of the allotment for printing and binding A. A. Humphreys, relative to the control of floods in the :Mississippi for Congress for the fiscal year ending .June 30, 1914, is 320,9!)6. River, reports the same back to the House with the recommendation that the resolution be agreed to. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The "The estimated cost will be $495. Chair hears none. "The unincumbered balance of the allotro~nt· for printing and L•inding The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed to. for Congress for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1914, is 329,9!:16." LEA\E OF .ABSE CE. Mr. LAFFERTY. Mr. Speaker, I mo\e to strike out the last word. By unanimous consent, .Mr. GEOBOE was granted lea\e of .1\Ir. M.A.:..~. 1\fr. Speaker, that motion is not in order. The absence, indefinitely, on account of illness. gentleman from Indiana has the floor, and if the gentleman ORDER OF BUSINESS. from Oregon desiJ.•es time he should get it from the gentleman Mr. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to be from Indiana. heard for 5 or 10 minutes in explanation of my introduction Mr. LAFFERTY. l\Ir. Speaker, then I ask the gentleman of the privileged resolution. from Indiana to yield me three minutes. The SPEAKER. The o-entleman from New York [.Mr. LEVY ] .1\Ir. BARNHART. Before I yield the gentleman from Oregon asks unanimous consent to address the House for 10 minutes three minutes I yield the same time to the gentleman from to gi\e the reasons why he introduced his resolution. I s there Mississippi (1.\Ir. HUMPHREYS] . objection? Mr. HUMPHREYS of Mississippi. ~fi·. Speaker, I had not 1\Ir. l\f.A.NN. Well, .1\Ir. Speaker, I object. :thought it would be necessary to consume any time. Does the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from illinois objects. i1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE.
Mr. LEVY. :Will tli~ gentlemnn withhold his objection? , Senate amendment 5 changes tbe method of selecting the ' The SPEAKER. The gentleman from illinois objected. number of volunteer staff officers, and 1ihe Senate recedes. Mr. MANN. I am willing to withhold the objection.. for· ~r Senate amendment 6 provides for filling temporary vacancies tn.oment. 1 in the staff corps, and: tlie- Hous-e recedes. :Mr. LEVY.. Mr. Speake:t; I ask for five minutes, just to j Senate amendment 7 adds a new section to the om proTiding explain-- , for discharge of vol'mlteer officers, and the Senate recedes. t· Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, tlie gentleman is trying to br!Dg j Senate amendment 8 changes the number of the section, and up his resolution and have a discussion on matters now pending· the Senate, recedes. before the Interstate Commerce Commission, and I object. JAMES HAY, The SPEAKER. Is there objection: S. H. D~, Jr., Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I object. JULIUS KAHN, VOLUNTEER ARMY BD:.L. Managers on, the part of the House. Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I call up the conference report on Mr. HAY. 1\{)W, Mr. Speaker, I will answer any questions. . the bill known as the Volunteer Acrny bill, H.. R. 7138, and rrsk 1\Ir. MANN. Would not the gentleman, in view of the situa ; unanimous consent that the stu tement be read in lieu of the tion, be kind enough to state to the House not merely the amend report. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Virginia. calls up tlie ments proposed but just how we increase our Volunteer Army ,Volunteer Army bill and ask.B unanimous consent that the state by tlie bill itsert, brieffy, so we will aU have it? Mr. 1\IURDOCK. And if the gentleman' will explain in detail ment be read in lieu of the report. Is there objection? just what the difference is- in amendlnent numbered 3 as agreed r 1\Ir. MURDOCK. 1\Ir. Speaker, reserving the right to object, to by the· conferees from what it is as carried as an amendment is the gentleman going to explain-- in the bill? Mr. HAY- I will answer any quesfion the gentleman desires. Mr. FOSTER. And also may I call' the attention of the 'I The SPEAKER. The Chair hears no objection. chairman to amendment number(d 2 and ask him to explain The conference report is as follows : the reason. for that change? l\Ir. HAY. 1\fr. Speaker, in tile first place, this biD provides CONYERENC~ REPORT' (NO. G6 0.) • the mode by which the President, when authorized by Congress The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the upon' a d'eciaration of war, can call out the Volunteer forces 0f two Houses on the amendments of the· Senate to the bill (H. R. the country. The mode of doing so is the' same- as that which 117138) to provide for raising the volunteer rorces. of the United bas been heretofore made in tlie law except that in this case the States in time of actual or threatened war, having- met, after President himself signs the commission of all officers instead of ~ tull and free conference- have agreed to recommend and do rec their being appointed' by tbe governors of the States. ommend to their respective Rouses as follows: It was t:ll& experience in the Spanish War that a great d'eal ; That the Senate recede from its amendments numbered 4, 5, 7, of abuse was occasioned by reason of til~ political influences and 8. · brought to bea-r upon governors of States- for appointment in , That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend the Volunteer forces. This bill also provides how tlie Organized ments of the Senate numbered 1, 2, and 6, and agree to the same:. Militia-and that is- an answer r will try to make to what the Amendment numbered 3: That the House recede from its dis- gentreman from Kansa~ desires-how· the Organized Militia of agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 3 and the country may have the first call, as it wer~. It provides that ·agree to the same with an amendment as follows : when three-fourths of the minimum strength of any company. ~ In lieu of the matter inserted by said amendment insert the troop, battery, battalion, or regiment enlists or volunteers and tfollowing: "Pro1Jided fm·ther, That when three-fourths of is a'Ccepted, that they shall be taken in in advance of the other :the prescribed minimum enlisted strength of any company; volunteers, thus providing that the· organized troops, those who troop, or battery, or when three-fourths of' the prescribed mini- have had the ad-vantage of being drilled and have l:ad the ad 1 mum enlisted strength or each company, troop,_or battery com vantage of experience, shall first be taken in before untried . prised in any battalion or regiment of the organized land mEm who have not had this advantage. 'militia of any State, Territory, or the District o:t Columbia, Mr. 1\IURDOCK. Will the gentleman yield? organized as prescribed by law and War D~partment regula Mr. HAY. I 'Will. ltions, shall volunteer and be accepted for service in the Volun .Mr~ MURDOCK~ That- is what I think tfie first amendment ' teer Army as. such company, tro.op, battery, battalion, or regi- to-the bill did'. Now, what does this other agreement to amend ment, such organization may be received into th.e volunteer ment 3 do, in additioll' to that? 'forces in ad.vance of other organizations: of the same arm or Mr. HAY. Well, it dbes not do anything in addition to that. ' class from the same State, Territory, or District, and the It simply made clear that these troops had· to be accepted by the '. officers in the organized land militia· service with such or United States before they were taken, for the reason that under . ganization may then, within the limits prescribed by- law~ be the amend'ment adopted' by the Senate if they volunteered they ' appointed by the President, by and with the:- advice and consent had to be taken in whether they were physically fit or not. of the Senate. as officers of corresponding gra:des in. the Voiun J.\1r. BARTLETT. May I ask the gentleman. a question? ' teer Army and. he RESigned to the same grades in the said Mr. HAY. And therefore the conferees thought it was abso. organizations. or elsewhere as. the President may direct"; and lutely necessary, fn order to protect the Government in. case of the Senate agree to the same. pensions and other matters of that sort, that they should oe ac- JAMES HA.Y, cepted by the Government before they should be allowed to S .. H. DENT, Jr., volunteer: N.ow, r yield to the gentleman from Georgia [Ur. J:urrus KAIIW, BARTLETT]. Managers an the pai-t at tlie House. Mr. BARTLETT. I und'erstand the gentleman referS' to the G. M . HITCHCOCK, manner of commissioning officers. He does not mean the. ap LUKE LEA, pointment? H . A. nu PoNT, Mr. HAY. Yes. I mean the- officers of tliis force are to· be lilarurgers 011.- the part ot the Senate. commissioned by the President of the United States. The Clerk read the statement as follows: 1\Ir. BARTLETT. I have not finished the qu-estion yet, llr. Speaker. STATEMENT OF THE MANAGERS ON THE PART OF THE H.OUSE. Mr. KAHN. If my colleague will allow me to sugges.t there, A statement on the part of the managers of the House on the I. believe the bill provides he sfiall issue the commL'>sion upon 'disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the bill (H. R. 7138) to the recommendation of the governor. prEJvide for raising the volunteer forces of the United States. in Mr. BARTLETT. That was a question I wa.s. going to ask. Of time of actual or threatened war. co11rse, this virtually means the calling in of the militia ot the Senate amendment 1 inserts the wor.d:S "wliile in the service various States,. does it not? of the United States" in section 1 of the oill, and tlie House Mr. HAY. It means the calling in of the militia, and the recedes. militia in the sense of the Constitution is all the men wlio are Senate amendment 2 clianges- the enlistlnent period and makes of military age in the country. it tour years instead of for the war, and the HOuse reced'es. Mr. BARTLETT. I understand that. Now, the gentleman Senate amendment 3 provides :f'or tile volunteering of tli.e Or knows, of course, that the appofntment of the officers of that ganized Militia, and the House recedes with an amendment force is by the Constitution reserved to the States! making clearer the conditions under which. tllis can be done.. Mr. HAY. No; I do not. There is. a very great distinction Senate amendment 4 strikes out tlie words "to promotion or, between the Organized Militia and the Volunteers.. 1fu the se~tion defining tile respective rights of the Volunteer ! :{:r. BARTLETT. That is what I wanted the gentleman. to and Regular forces, and the Senate i·ecedes. expla in~ 7208 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24~
Mr. HAY. The Organized Militia of the State can not be w~s four years, they thought that we ought to make the-period called into the service of the United States as such to go beyond for the enlistment of these volunteers four years. the confines of the United States under the Constitution. There 1\Ir. FOSTER. Let me say this: If volunteer. forces should be fore this bill provides a way by which the Organized Militia taken into the Army, and men should volunteer and war was can volunteer and become Volunteers. And the Volunteers are in existence, and that war should terminate ~ithin 30 dayo, entirely different from the members of the Organized Militia. these men would be held for four years? Mr. BARTLETT. Therefore the gentleman is confident that Mr. HAY. . No. The bill specifically provides that they : h.:Jl this bill, as he has drawn it and as it is sought to be agreed to be mu~tered out as soon as practicable, and that will be a part by this amendment, will not conflict with the rights of the States of thell' contract. . appointing the officers in the militia? Mr. FOSTER. But it does not keep them there for four years Mr. HAY. In the Organized Militia; not at all. unless war actually exists for four years? Mr. HELVEJRING. Will the gentleman yield? 1\fr. HAY. Oh, yes. That is correct. Now I yield to the cren- Mr.-HAY. I now yield to the gentleman from Kansas. tleman from Pennsylvania [1\fr. HuLINGS]. o Mr. HELVERING. Do I understand that they will be known Mr. HULINGS. I have a telegram here from an officer of. as United States Volunteers or known as State Volunteers? the Organized Militia, in which he asks this question: .Mr. HAY. They will be United States Volunteers. They will Wlll the passage o_f the Volunteer Army bill. reported out of con volunteer into the service of the United States. ference yesterday, eliminate the Organized Militia for war use and Mr. HELVERING. Then they will not be designated as cer ~ventually obviate the .necessity for. maintaining State organizations m time of peace? It Will also be an mjustice to the present Organized tain regiments of Kansas and Missouri, and so forth? Militia and the officers and the enlisted men who look forward to Mr. HAY. Oh, they could designate them as" such and such" service in time of war. volunteer regiment of Kansas-" the Fifteenth Regiment," for Now, this bill when it was before the committee as I re example. member it, did not provide for< the organization of fue volun Mr. BUTLER. Will the gentleman be kind enough to relieve teer forces until after the Organized Militia had been called the mind of a constituent of mine, a man celebrated in military into service. affairs, Gen. W. G. Price, who has spent a life among the mili 1\fr. HAY. The gentleman will remember that when the bill tary men of Pennsylvania? He is very anxious about this bill. was before the committee and when the bill passed the Hous~ It would confer no higher authority upon the President to ac it did not give to the Organized Militia any preference over cept the military otganization beyond the size of a battalion? a~~ other volunteets; but the Senate amended the bill by pro 1\fr. HAY. A regiment. VIdmg that when three-fourths of the minimum strength of any Mr. BUTLER. He may now accept a regiment? of those organizations should volunteer they should be received Mr. HAY. Yes. in advance of other volunteers; and the amendment agreed to Mr. BUTLER. Will the gentleman answer another question in conference does not in any way interfere with that principle. for me? The first military organization to be accepted, if we 1\Ir. HULINGS. Now, there is one more question. I observe, need them, will be the regular Organized Militia? on page 3, in line 17, this provision: · Mr. HAY. If the volunteers can comply with the require That when the raising of a volunteer force shall huve been authorized ments of the law. by Congress, and after the organized land militia of any arm or class Mr. BUTLER. If the gentleman wiii be patient with me a shall have been called into the military service of the United States: minute, in order that I may understand, I would like to ask, if volunte~rs of ~hat. particular arm .or class may be raised and accepted into sa1d service m accordance w1th the terms of this act re"'ardle s this bill passes it would authorize these men to go beyond the of the extent to which other arms or classes of said militia shall have territorial limits of the United States? been called into said service. Mr. HAY. Oh, yes. Now, let us consider what the effect would be, for instance. in Mr. BUTLER. Then they will accept, under those conditions, the State of Pennsylvania, with 10,000 Organized Militia ern the Organized Militia as now organized, officers and men? bracing 14 regiments. According to the language of thi~ bill Mr. HAY. No; they will accept the Organized Militia as now it would appear that none of the volunteer forces could be called organized if three-fourths of the minimum enlisted strength of for until after the Organized Militia have been called into the any organization up to and including a regiment shall volun service, but the language of the last two or three lines is: teer-- Regardless of the extent to which other arms or classes of said 1\Ir. BUTLER. Yes. Will they then accept the officers? militia shall have been called into said service. Mr. HAY. There is nothing in the law which requires the President to do so, but I have no question but that the Presi Suppose, then, that 1 regiment of those 14 that are now or dent of the United States would commission the officers of any ganized should be called in. Could they then organize the organization which volunteered under those conditions. " volunteer forces" without calling in the other 13 regiments? Mr. BUTLER. Then, again, after the privilege is given to Mr. HAY. Not under this bill. If the gentleman will permit the Organized Militia to volunteer to go beyond our boundaries, me, as I understand it, if the President calls for troops, or calls after that is exhausted they go after what is kncwn as volun for volunteers, I should say-say he calls for 250,000 volunteers, teers? and the quota of Pennsylvania under that bill would be 21,000, Mr. HAY. No. They are the volunteers, I will say to the and you have 15,000 Organized Militia; as I understand it, if gentleman from Pennsylvania. They are just simply giving to those bodies of Organized Militia volunteer, under the require the Organized Militia the privileg.._ of volunteering first, and ments of this act they would be first taken in before the 6,000 being taken first, before any other volunteers shall be taken additional men are received. from any State or Territory. 1\Ir. HULINGS. I understand; and that was my former un Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. And permitted to volunteer as derstanding of it. But how about this language that I have an organization? read that they can volunteer and then be accepted in the service Mr. HAY. As an organization under the requirements of the without reference to the extent to which other classes of said statute. militia shall be called into service? How about that? Mr. BUTLER. Then that would not cover an independent Mr. HAY. That applies to classes of volunteers. organization beyond the State militia, would it? Mr. HULINGS. Then I understand from the chairman of Mr. HAY. You mean independent of the Organized Militia? the Committee .on Military Affairs that the Organized Militia Mr. BUTLER. Yes, sir. will first be called. After they are called, if the number is not Mr. HAY. It would not. sufficient, then this bill authorizes the organization of what is Mr. BUTLER. This is only to CO\er, then, the State militia? called the "yolunteer forces." Is that right? Mr. HAY. The Organized State 1\filitia. Mr. HAY. That is correct; yes. Mr. FOSTER. I notice, beginning on page 1. that the House Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield had a provision that an enlistment in the volunteer forces shall to me? be for a period terminating with the war, or, if war shall not Mr. HAY. I will. occur, past the imminence of war, and the Senate added that 1\Ir. MURDOCK. I wish the gentleman to be patient with me, the term of the"e enlistments shou1d be four years. So I w::mted because I am not trained in military affairs. to know the reasons why, if I could. 1\Ir. HAY. I will. 1\fr. HAY. T_;_,_e House conferees and the House committ~ .) Mr. MURDOCK. I believe that presently in this country the were strongly of the opinion that the enlistment shoul:l be for cry "On to Mexico City!" will begin. I am willing to leave fte war. It was thought that the experience and history of the strategy of this campaign to the Army, but I want to find this country showed that it was better for men to volunteer for out just what this bill does. This measure provides the mnnner the war or to enlist for the war rather than for a definite in which the President can can for yolunteers. It does not period. The Senate conferees took the position tllat we ought authorize him to call for volunteers? to conform, as far as possible, to the requirements of the Regu 1\fr. HAY. Oh, no. He can not call for \olunteers until the lar Army, and as the enlistment period for the Regular Ar;ny Congress has declared war. 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 7209
Mr. .MURDOCK. In case our Army should start for Mexico Mr. TEMPLE. · Page 3, line 8. The amendment as printed City and it should be found that Gen. Funston's forces were in the bill is as follows : not sufficient, or not thought to be sufficient, to go to the City An.d the officers in. service with such organizations may then be of l\Iexico-although be bas as many men as Gen. Scott bad-and appomted by the Pres1dent, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, as officers of corresponding grades in the Volunteer Army and Gen. Scott made the trip easily, as I believe Gen. Funston can be assigned to the same grades in the said organizations. then under this bill the President could call for volunteers? 1\Ir. HAY. Not unless the Congress first authorized it. Now, I notice that the amendment as modified by the con 1\lr. MURDOCK. We would first have to authorize it? ference report provides that these officers may be assigned to 1\Ir. HAY. Yes. the same grades in the said organizations-- Mr. l\IURDOCK. And in that authorization we would fix Or elsewhere, as the President may direct. the number of men? Is it intended that the Organized Militia may be brought into 1\Ir. HAY. No; the President fixes the number of men. After the service of the United States, and then the officers taken we authorize him to call out the volunteers he determines how away from their own regiments and scattered elsewhere? many he wi11 call out. Mr. HAY. I do not think it is intended to do that; but it is 1\Ir. · IURDOCK. Should the call be made, the Regular Army certainly necessary to give the President the power to transfer would be already engaged? h:. . ~ officers anywhere he pleases. Therefore that provision was 1\Ir. HAY. Ye . inserted there, so that the President could have complete con 1\Ir. MURDOCK. Under this bi11 would the State militia or trol over the officers of the volunteer forces, as well as o\er ganizations volunteer their services and have the preference those of the Regular Army. over other volunteer organizations? Mr. TEMPLE. Then, an officer who would apply for a com Mr. HAY. They would if they came within the provisions of mission would not be applying for a commission in any particu the law. lar regiment? 1\Ir. MURDOCK. Then the State militia generally would Mr. HAY. No; a man would apply for a commission as fill up the quota? colonel, and when he was commissioned as colonel it would be Mr. HAY. It would depend on how many the President for the President to say where he should serve. would call. If he called for 250,000 men the present Organized Mr. T~l\IPLE. ~e might be assigned to his own regiment, · State Militia would nof suffice. There are only 118,000 Organ or he might be assigned to service elsewhere? ized Militia now in the country, or about that, so that you Mr. HAY. He might be assigned to service elsewhere. would see you bave a very large number-one hundred and Mr. TOWNSEND. The chairman of the committee in an thirty-odd thousand volunteers--to raise outside of the Organ swering the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. TEMP~E], has ized Militia. answered one question which I desired to ask. If I understood Mr. fURDOCK. Now, if a militia . regiment in Kansas, for him correctly, although the officers of the organized land militia example, would })resent itself, it would have a preference over would ordinarily go with the volunteer regiments which had a volunteer organization that was not State militia? been militia regiments, of course, as the chairman has ex 1\.fr. HAY. Exactly. plained, it must be left to the President in his option to assign 1\lr. MURDOCK. After the Kansas militia had volunteered them to such duty as he pleases. However, the chairman as and had been taken into the forces of the United States as a sures the committee that the officers of these organized units volunteer regiment, and then another regiment, not State mili would under ordinary circumstances go with their comvanies tia, should volunteer and be taken in, what would be the differ and regiments as now organized. ence in the status of the officers of the two organizations? In Mr. HAY. I think so. I can not speak for the President, the first instance, the officers are already serving. They have but that would be common sense. been appointed by the governor. Would they be recommissioned Mr. TOWNSEND. I want to ask the chairman of the com- by the President of the United States? mittee the meaning of the words- Mr. HAY. Yes. And such volunteer forces as Congress may authorize. Mr. MURDOCK. And would it be mandatory on the part of Does that mean such numbers as Congress may authorize? the department, therefore, to take the militia regiment? Mr. HAY. No; as I said a moment ago, the Congress au- 1\Ir. HAY. It is; and there would be no differenc~ whatever thorizes the President to make the call for volunteers and then between the officers as to standing, or privileges, or anything the President determines how many volunteers he' will call cl~ . into the service. Mr. KAHN. Except in priority of commiscion. Mr. TOWNSEND. When the President has determined how 1\fr. HAY. That is all. many, then must Congress authorize that number? 1\fr. MURDOCK. In the case of the second volunteer regi Mr. HAY. Oh, no. ment, which had not been a State militia regim~nt, would its . Mr. HARRISON. The declaration of war does that, does officers be appointed in the first instance by the governor of the It not? State? Mr. TOWNSEND. It says- 1\Ir. HAY. No; they would be commissioned by the Presi And such volunteer forces as Congress may authorize. dent of the United States. 1\fr. HAY. Congress authorizes a call for volunteer forces, Mr. MURDOCK. And the governor would have nothing to do and then the President determines how many he will call out. with it? The Congress then has nothing more to do with those forces Mr. HAY. Nothing to do with it except to recommend; that except to pay them and maintain them. ' is all. Mr. TOWNSEND. I want to get this clear in my mind. It Mr. .MURDOCK. In the case of which we have been talking, says- the first regiment of volunteers would come from the State And such volunteer forces as Congress may authorize. . militia? Must Congress first authorize a certain number of volunteers? The second regiment to which I have referred would not come Mr. HAY. No; Congress simply authorizes the President to from the State militia. What proportion of those officers named. call out the volunteer forces of the United States. by the President could be officers detailed from the Regular 1\Ir. MANN. Will the gentleman yield for a question? Army? Mr. HAY. I will. Mr. HAY. There is a provision in the bill for the detailing Mr. 1\IANN. Is not this the procedure : First, we declare of not more than four Regular Army officers to any one regi war-- ment. Mr. HAY. Yes. Mr. .MURDOCK. The President, then, could appoint Regular Mr.. 1\fANN. And then we authorize the President to call out Army officers to both of these volunteer regiments? the volunteer forces, or we do both at the same time. l\Ir. HAY. Yes; but he could not appoint more than four Mr. HARRISON. Yes. Regular Army officers to any one regiment. Mr. HAY. We may do both at the same time, and then the 1\fr. MURDOCK. In the case of the State militia officers President determines how many volunteers he will call out, and originally appointed by the governor and recommissioned by then he will proceed to organize them under the provisions of the President, are their rights to promotion under this bill the this bill. same as those of Regular Army officers? Mr. MURDOCK. The gentleman said that first there wo-nlt 1\Ir. HAY. They are. be a declaration of war. This bill provides that in case of w( ~ Mr. TEMPLE. I should like to inquire about the process of or the imminence of war-- tJ:ansforming the Organized :Militia into volunteer forces. 1\fr. HAY. Yes; but then Congress must declare war. l'reparatory to asking the question, I should like to state first Mr. MURDOCK. Before the authorization? that I notice that the amendment inserted on page 3 is modified Mr. HAY. Yes. 1.'he Ex:ecutive can not call for volunteers by the conference report. until Congress declares war, or authorizes the President to call Mr. TOWNSEl\"'D. What line? them out. L7210. / CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- ROUSE. APRIL 24,
1\Ir. STEENERSON. As I understand this biD, it does away the authority " to raise and support n.rmies, to provide for the with the Organized Militia to the extent that they come into maintenance of the Navy, and to make rules for the government this volunteer force. and regulation o:t land and naval forces." There are three · 1\.Ir. HA.Y. It does away with the Organized 1\filitia as such cases in which the militia may be called forth by the President: in time of war. That is, I mean if the Organized Militia wants First, to execute the laws of the Union ; second, to suppress in to be a part of the force that is going to war it must volunteer. surrections; and third, repel invasions. The power to declare Mr. STEENERSON~ .And it must cease to be an Organized war is vested in Congress and is legislative in its character, and Militia of the State. its exercise. ia an act of. Congress and a law and is subject to 1\lr. HA.Y. Yes. the approval of the President. To repel invasions or suppress in Mr. STEE.t~SON. The necessity for that is the opinion of surrections requires no declaration of war and hence no law. the .Attorney General rendered a couple of years ago that the It is one of the duties of the Executive of the United States, Organized Militia law, act of March 21, 1908, the bill for incident t.9 his office, to do both of these things without any fur which was reported by me as chairman of the Committee on ther legislation; that is, suppress insurrections and repel in Militia, providing that the militia might be called out and sent vasions. But offensive war must be commenced by a declaration either within or without the United States-that that law was of war, and the power to declare war is in Congres, and there unconstitutional. fore must be preceded by a law which requires execution. Mr. HA.Y. Yes. At the time of the adoption of the Constitution the Regular .Mr. STEENERSON. And it is to obviate that constitutional Army consisted of 75 men; 50 were at West Point and 25 were objection that this bill is written, endeavoring to transfer the at Pittsburgh, and the framers of the Constitution recognized militia into a volunteer army. full well that Congress was not under the slightest obligation to Mr. HAY. That is one reason. establish a standing army or to provide for any other military Mr. STEENERSON. Is not that the principal reason! forces than the militia, with a view to national defense, and 1\Ir. HAY. I can not say that that is the principal reason volunteer forces seem not to have been. known to the framers for this bill. We would have to have volunteers anyway, be of the Constitution, for it is a ·subject never mentioned either in cause the Organized Militia would not be sufficient. that instrument or in the debates. The first appearance of vol l\1r. STEIDNERSON. · If the ruling of the Attorney General unteer forces seems to have been. in 1812~ The militia was used should turn out to be erroneous, that the Organized Militia law in the War of 1812, in the War with M~ieo, and in the Civil amendment to the Dick law referred to, if that law should be War, and was sent beyond our borders wheneYer" necessary, and determined to be constitutional, so that it would be legal and when so sent they were sent to execute the laws of the Union, constitutional for the President to send the Organized Militia enacted pursuant to the Constitution. outside the United States, then the necessity for this provision The act of Uay 27, 1908, " To further amend the act entitled would not exist. '.An act to promote the .efficiency of the militia,' " etc., provides Mr. HAY. No; it would not. for the calling forth of the militia by the President, and that Mr. STNEJNERSON. I want to say to the House that the he may specify in his call the period of time for which such only authority was tlie ruling of Attorney General Wickersham service may be required, and that the milltia so called shall on that point, and when the Committee on ~Hlitia considered continue in the service durtng the term specified, either within the Dick law and amendment that was requested by the War or outside of the territory of the United States. The question Department it contained this provision, that the militia might of the constitutionality of this provision was carefully con be used outside the United States. The Judge Advocate Gen sidered before its enactment, and I have seen no reason since to eral of the United States Army made an elaborate argument change my opinion as to its validity. and cited many authorities, to the effect that when the Presi The construction adopted by the Attorney General wipes out dent cans forth the militia, pursuant to a declaration of war, of the Constitution the first cause for caJling forth the militia it is in reality and effect to execute a law of the Union, and entirely and makes the clause read as if it said " to suppress therefore within the Constitution. insunection and repel invasions for the purpose of enforcing The opinion of the Attorney General of February 17, 1912, to the laws of the Union,'' but as the sole object and purpose of the Secretary of War was in answer to the- following question : suppressing insurrections and repelling invasions is to enforce Whether or not under existing laws the President has authority. to an domestic laws, both of the States and the Union, such a· limi call forth the Organized Militia of the States and send it into a, formgn tation on the power to call forth the militia would be absurd:. country with the Regular Army as a part of an army of. .occupation. especially should the United States intenvene in the affrurs of such Besides declarations of war there are, as we have seen, other country under conditions short of actual wru:fare? Jaws of the Union, authorized by the Constitution, that operate extraterrit01ially, and require to be executed. These laws do not The question seems to have been unfortunately framed, for follow: but accompany· our flag wherever our forces may be. under the conditions specified it is at least open to grave ques Assuming, therefore, that circumstances could arise when it tion whether the President could legally send any army what would be lawful in time of peace to send an army of occupation ever into a foreign country. It seems to me that the sending of into a foreign country, it could only be to execute those other an army by the President into a foreign country " under con laws of the Union, and therefore the use of the Army and the 'ditions short of actual warfare" would, ordinarily, be an act militia for such an enterprise rests exactly upon the same foot of war and would be illegal unl"ss previously authorized by ing, and there is as much authority for the one as the other. law; that is, by declaration of war in due form enacted by Mr. HA.Y. I did not yield to the gentleman to make an argu Congress. Commenting on the clause of the Constitution, which ment. says: 1\Ir. STEE.....~RSON. Of course, we are going to pass this bill The Congress shall have power to provide for calling forth the militia because of the emergency that now exists. We will stand by the to execute the laws of the Union, to suppress insurrection, and to repel invasions: President and give him what he asks for the defense of the Nation and its honor. At the same time it will be well to bear 'l'he opinion says : in mind that this measure, so far as it relates to the militia, is What is certainly meant by this provision is that Congress shall have power to call forth the militia in aid of the civil power, for the peace revolutionary in character. It wipes out the militia and allows ful execution of the laws of the Union, wherever such laws are in force its men a preference in enlisting in the new volunteer force. and may be compulsorily executed. The Constitution of the United States provides that Congress But Congress is nowhere authorized to call forth. the militia. shall have power " to provide for organizing, arming, and dis- That power rests with the President. All that Congress can do ·ciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may is to provide by law for calling it forth. It is the President who, be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the States and of the militia. does the calling and not Congress. authority of training the militia according to the discipline pre The whole opinion is based upon the theory that the laws o:t scribed by Congress." Under this bill not only ha•e the States the United States have no extraterritorial force. Speaking of nothing to say about officering the transformed militia. organiza ordlnary laws, that is true. But there are other laws of the tions., but only those men are accepted whom the United States United States that do have extraterritorial force and which do accepts, the same as new recruits. require to be executed. Congress has the power to "define and It is a repeal of the militia law, so fru: as service to the Gen. punish piracies and felonies on the high seas and offenses era! Government is concern~ against the law of na.tions." Manifestly laws enacted in pur 1\lr. MONDELL and 1\fr. SLOAN rose. suance of this authority operate extraterritorially. Congress The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr.. SHERLEY) . To whom docs also has power under the Constitution " to declare war, grant the gentleman yield? letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning cap 1\Ir. HAY. I yield to the gentleman from Wyoming_ tures on land and water." Obviously laws enacted pursuant to Mr. 1\IONDELL_ Mr. Speaker, amendment No- a prettides this authority also have an extraterritorial force and require to for the enlistment as volunteer forces of militia organ5.zations be executed. The same caJ! be said of laws enacted pursuant t o under certain conditiop.s, and in line 9, relative to the officers 1914. CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD-HOUSE. 7211
of such militia organizations, -it is stated -that they "-may be the service of these militia officers will be taken into considera appointed" by the President as officers of the volunteer orga~i tion by the appointing power. zations. How does the gentleman construe the word " may "? l\Ir. HAY. I think so; yes. Is it in any sense mandatory? 1\-Ir. TAGGART. That the President is not obliged under this .Mr. HAY. I construe it to mean that the President may bill to reappoint the same officers that any organization has appoint him or not, as he sees fit. now. .Mr . .MONDELL. And it is a direction on the part of Congress Mr. HAY. No; be is not that they shall be appointed if qualified and worthy. ~r. TAGGART. But he may vary these appointments and may - ~Ir. HAY. I take it so; yes. assign these Regular Army officers to any unit of any part of 1\fr. 1\IONDELL. If a- militia company, regiment, or a bat the regiment that may offer itself. talion volunteers generally that will be due largely to the in Mr. HAY. Yes. fluence of their officers and with the expectation that if the 1\fr. TAGGART. In fact, that all volunteers offered to the officer is qualified he will be appointed. But this language is in Government are on an equal footing, so far as the letter of the no degree mandatory. _ Jaw is concerned. 1\Ir. HAY. No; and I do not think it ought to be. Mr. HAY. Yes. Mr. MONDELL. I agree with the gentleman, but it would 1\Ir. TAGGART. And it is only recommendation and ex- seem to carry with it the view of Congress that the officers perience that will commend themselves under the law. should be appointed if qualified and fit for the service. Mr. HAY. Yes. l\Ir. HAY. Yes; I think so. Mr. MADDEN. 1\lr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? 1\fr. MONDELL. Now, one question more. On page 4, sec Mr. HAY. Yes. tion 4, there is a provision in the lines 8 and 9 as it passed 1\Ir. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I suppose the question I desire the House which provides that no distinction shall be made be to ask has been asked a good many times this afternoon. I tween the Regular Army and the Organized Militia and the want to know whether this does not take away the power of the Volunteer forces while in the military service of the United governors of the States to name the officers of the regiment? States in respect to promotion, and so forth. Now, the con l\lr. HAY. It does not take away the power, because the ferees agree to strike out the word "promotion." governor has not the power now. · 1\fr. HAY. No; the Senate struck out the word "promotion" l\Ir. MADDEN. He has the power to name up to the colonel, and in conference the Senate receded. The word "promotion" bas he not? remains in the bill. Mr. HAY. No. He bas the power to do that in the Or .Mr. 1\IO.ffiELL. Do I understand that with the language in ganized Militia, but when the Organized Militia volunteers the bill the two forces are to be considered one; that promotions in the service of the United States, under this bill, it ceases to would be made from the Volunteer forces to the Regular forces? be Organized Militia. l\fr. HAY. No. 1\lr. TOWNSEND. " While in the service of the United l\Ir. l\IO:NTIElLL. But that in all respects promotions are to States." be made in the Volunteer forces on the same general rule and Mr. HAY. And therefore the President is given under this bill principles that they are made in the Regular Army. the right to make these appointments, because they are yolun- 1\fr. HAY. Yes; in the Regular Army. Now I will yield to teer forces and not Organized Militia. - the gentleman from Nebraska. Mr. MADDEN. So that no governor of any State can com 1\Ir. SLOAN. The chairman said that the President may ap mission any man who goes into the volunteer service, even point four officers from the Regular Army as officers in each though a whole mi.litia. regiment may volunteer? regiment. l\Ir. HAY. That is true. 1\Ir. HAY. Not more than four. l\Ir. TAGGART. And let me add this, that should at that l\Ir. SLOAN. It may be that the four leading offices of a time or now the governor of any State commission a soldier or regiment from any one of the States may be officered by the officer in a. militia regiment, that commission would remain appointment from the Regular Army by the President? until he tendered his services to the Government and they were Mr. HAY. It might be, but I do not think that in any case it accepted. · ever would be. Mr. HAY. Yes. l\1r. SLOAN. Will the chairman say that it is not contem 1\fr. TAGGART. And then it would operate merely as a rec plated that this shall be done? ommendation and not as any claim on the Government for :my 1\Ir. HAY. I think I can say that the regular officers of a preference. volunteer regiment will not all of them be given the highest Mr. HAY. I now yield to the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. rank of that regiment. Of course I do not know what the KIRKPATRICK]. President or the War ,Department might do, but I am arguing Mr. KIRKP.A. TRICK. Mr. Speaker, to my mind we are about from common sense, and I take it that these officers from the to take a new departure in this matter, and in my judgmeut Regular Army would be put in the volunteer regiments for the it will complicate matters somewhat. Heretofore and at the -purpose of training and teaching the volunteers the art of war present time it is the custom that officers of companies and and how to take care of themselves in war, and not for the regiments are elected by the men, and, when so elected, they purpose of imposing on the yolunteer regiment regular officers are then commissioned by the governors of the respective States. and giving them the highest rank in the regiment. It is now proposed in this measure to give that privilege to the Mr. SLOAN. Does the chairman, drawing his information President of the United States, together with the advice and from common sense and from conferences which he has had with consent of the governor, which would not be so very bad except the officers of this Government, say that he can give the country for the fact that, after that is done, it then goes to the Senate a reasonable assurance that probably the four leading officers of of the United States for confirmation; and if these appoint the regiments from the various States will not be made from the ments are hung up in the Senate, as we have seen them in so Regular Army, and that our men from the States, wbQ have built many cases in past years, would not that complicate matters in up their State organizations, shall have the first call with a rea an emergency such as now confronts us? sonable expectancy of occupying the four leading positions in Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I can not conceive that the Senate the regiment? of the United States would impede the progress of ~ war by l\Ir. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I will state to the gentleman that holding up somebody's nomination. I have bad no conference with the officers of the Army or with Mr. KIRKPATRICK. We can only judge the future by the' the President or with the Secretary of War. I only know and past. believe that they are reasonable men and that they are not Mr. HAY. I have never known the Senate to do that in going to do a thing like that, which would immediately dis time of war. I have known them to do that for political rea._ credit any administration which pursued such a cour e, and I sons in time of peace. am satisfied it will not be pursued. Mr. KIRKPATRICK. We have bad an exhibition of dissent l\lr. TAGGART. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? already in this House. l\Ir. HAY. Yes. Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? 1\Ir. TAGGART. As I understand the bill, militia organiza Mr. HAY. Yes. tions already in existence and volunteer organizations to be 1\Ir. WINGO. As I understand, there are three propositions afterwards organized are practically on an equal footing when in the bill. The first is to get around the constitutional objec they tender their services to the Government. tion to taking the Organized Militia as a unit. As I under Mr. HAY. They are. stand, that is one of the objects of the bill. Organized Militia l\lr. TAGGART. The only difference between the militia companies are simply permitted to Yolunteer as a unit. officers now in the service commissioned by the State gov Mr. HAY. Yes; we take them as a unit. ernors and those men who may apply for appointment as com Mr. WINGO. Where three-fourths of the enlisted men of missioned officers in other volunteer organizations is this : That the regiment volunteer they are accepted as a unit. r7'212 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. .APRIL 24,
Mr. HAY. Three-fourths df the minimum enlisted strength. Mr. 'HA"Y. No; eac11 State 1s gi\en 1ts quota in accarda.nre 1\fr. WINGO. Yes. As to the proposition of commissioned -with its population. officers, I understood the gentleman to sa.y, in answer to the Mr. BA"RTON. The point I want to ask is, in Nebraska ·gentleman from Kansas [Mr. 1\IUBDOCK], that the appointment and I had a wire this morning that there were three regiments of officers ·below the grade of brigad:ieT general-in other words, Teady for -service--suppose Nebraska's quota would not take the regimental officers-was made mandatory upon the recom up those three regiments? mendation of the governor? 1\fr. RAY. Then Nebraska. would ha\e to fm·nish oilier -vol 1\Ir. HAY. Oh, no. The gentleman misunderstood me. I unteers to make up the quota. .(lid not state that. Mr. BARTON. The gentleman does not understand me. Sup Mr. WINGO. Under this bill, if it becomes a law, without pose they nad more .in the three regiments than their quota, expressing any opinion as to the alleged ev11 with reference would they have prefer·ence over volunteers in another State -to political colonels, then it would be impossible to appoint a that did not have a -sufficient militia quota? .political colanel unless the President approved? Mr. 'HAY. They would not. l\Ir. HAY. That is true. Mr. BARTON. That is the· point I wanted to get clear 'in my Mr. WINGO. In other words, one more check is adued. At mind. "the present time the governor may, over his own judgment, Mr. HAY. I yield to the gentleman from Tennessee. appoint a man as colonel whom he Tecognizes from a military Mr. BYRNS of T-ennessee. I desire to ask the gentleman this standpoint should not be appointed. question for my ·personal information. In speaking of the pref Mr. HAY. Yes. erence to be given to militia organizations in the various States Mr. WINGO. But if he yields to the pressure now the Presi the gentleman and those who have interrogated him have re dent will always have jurisdictien before the political colonel ferred to regiments. Do I understand no less organization :will be appolnted. than a regiment will be given preference? Mr. HAY. In o·ther words, the Presiaent makes the appoint 'Mr. HAY. The law provides that any troop, battery, com- ment, and not the governor. I now yield to the gentleman from pany, battalion, oT -regiment. ' Pennsylvania. 1\fr. STAFFORD. ~ understand that the bill as it passed the Mr. MOORE. Suppose you have 1Ilembers of 1;he militia vo1- House provided for the acceptance of the militia. as individuals 'unteering under this system who would 'like to bold together and not -by companies. Now, I understand the Senate provision under their own officers and who must tnke their chances, since would incorporate th~ either i::ly company, regiment, and bri "the distribution of officers as well -as of men is to take place gade if three-fourths-- at the discretion of the President after they have been mustered Mr. Rl\Y. No brigade. ln. What becomes of those officers of a higher grade than Mr. tSTAFFORD. "By regiment if three-fourths are in favor colonel? of enlistment. 'I assume that the individuals constituting those 1\Ir. HAY. 'They will be appointed by the President if tb.ey three-fourths will, nevertheless, enlist as individuals and the are worthy of appointment, and therefore there has been no minority -of one-'fourth will 'not be brought into the service, ·pro\ision ·made in this bill for the ·appointment -of gener~.l o_f even thougll three-fourths ·should register their Rpprova1 to :ficers, for the reason that during the Spanish War the bill. rn enlist. that case provided for the appointment of general officers With Mr. HAY. It is entir-ely v~luntacy on the part of the members out any limitation upon the number, ·and the result was that a. of the organization of the militia; -they 'dO not have to do it if large number of general officers were appointed who 11id not th-ey Clo not want to. have even a command but went -around With a staff. Now, 1\Ir. HULINGS. "I would like to a-sk ·what seems te me is .a: what is proposed to b~ done is, when war is -d-eclared, if it is fundamental question, and we all ought to have it -settled in - Mr. WILLIS. Now, where is the language under which it Mr. MANN. And they have nothing else on the Gulf? has that preference? The amendment proposed by the con Mr. PADGETT. No, sir. There js Pensacola, up on the Gulf, ferees is as follows : but that is not in condition to operate at this time. Pr·ovided further, That when three-fourths of the prescribE'r1 minimum Mr. BARTLETI'. 1\Iay I ask the gentleman a question? enlisted strength of a.ny company, troop, or battery, or when three Mr. PADGETT. Yes. fourths of the prescribed minimum enlisted strength of each company, troop, or battery comprised in any battalion or regiment of the organ Mr. BARTLETT. This is the unexpended balance of the Ized land militia of any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia, amount appropriated for that navy yard for 1914? • organized as prescribed by law a.nd War Department regulations, shall volunteer and be accepted for service in the Volunteer Army as such Mr. PADGETT. No. Money has been appropriated at vari· company, troop, battery, battalion, or regiment, such organization may ous times heretofore, and there have been unexptnded balances be received Into the volunteer forces In advance of other organizations of appropriations made for that yard, and they have not been of the same arm or class from the same State, Territory, or District, covered back into the Treasury. and the officers in the organized land militia service with such organiza tion may then, within the limits prescribed by law, be appointed by the Mr. BARTLETI'. They have not? President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, as officers Mr. PADGETT. No. of corresponding grades in the Volunteer Army and be assigned to the Mr. BARTLETT. Why have they not been? same grades In the said organizations or elsewhere as the President may direct. Mr. PADGETT. Because they were for such purposes that Now, is that language the only language that bears on the they did not have to be covered back. They were for such pur point? poses that they were available until used. Mr. HAY. You will find there, after the words in line 1 of the Mr. SLAYDEN. What is the aggregate amount? Mr. PADGETT. Two hundred and thirty-three thousand and bill, it says : ninety-seven dollars and five cents. Any battalion or regiment of the Organized Land Militia of any State, Territory, or the Di trlct of Columbia organized as prescribed by law or Mr. MANN. Those amounts are all set forth in the letter of War Department regulations. the Secretary? Mr. WILLIS. If the gentleman will permit further, does it Mr. PADGETT. Yes; in detail. say that this State organization will have the preference? What Mr. BART·LETT. Are the purposes for which the money is I am getting at is that language where the word "may" is to be used specified in the Secretary's letter also? I do not ask used. It says "it may be N>Ceived" into the volunteer forces that the gentleman read it. in advance of other organizations. Doas that leave it entirely Mr. PADGETT. Not in detail. He states here: optional with the President? The department strongly urges that the total amount not being now needed fot· specific appropriations be reappropriated for expendHure at :Mr. HAY. I think so. the naval station, New Orleans, for such purposes as the Secretary of Mr. WILLIS. Then it is like the provision as to the appoint the Navy may direct. TWs in view of the existing emergency and the ment of officers. It is merely directory and not mandatory? necessity for providing to the extent of the capacity of the New Orleans Mr. HAY. That is right. Now, 1\Ir. Chairman, if there is no station for the numerous vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico. other question, I move the previous question on the conference ?!Ir. BARTLETT. Does the resolution which the gentleman report. offers, but which I did not hear read, authorize the Secretary The SPEAKER pro tempore (1\!r. SHERLEY). The gentle of the Navy to divert this fund from the purposes for whlch it man from Virginia demands the previous question on the con was approprla ted? ference report. Mr. PADGETT. From the purposes for which it was origi.; The previous question was ordered. nally appropriated. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to Mr. BARTLETT. Yes; that is what I mean. the conference report. 1\Ir. PADGETT. For such purposes at this station as the 1 The conference report was agreed to. Secretary of the Navy may direct. On motion of Mr. HAY, a motion to teconsider the vote by Mr. 1\IURDOCK. 1\Ir. Chairman, if the gentleman will yield, which the conference report was agreed to was laid on the table. for how many years do these unexpended balances accumulate? ...... NAVAL STATION, NEW ORLEANS, LA. Mr. PADGETT. Some of them were ft•om the act of 1904, some from the act of 1005, some from the act of 1906, some 1\Ir. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I desire to submit a request from the act of 1907, and some from the acts of 1908, 1909, for unanimous consent. This morning I introduced a resolution and 1910. to make available certain unexpended bulances heretofore ap Mr. MURDOCK. And how much is the total? ' propriated for various purposes at the naval station at New 1\Ir. PADGETT. The total is $233,097.05. Orleans for the operation of the shops there during the exi Ur. MURDOCK. And does the statement show the nature of gency of the present situation. The resolution has not been re the accumulated items, year by year? ported. It is at the Speaker's desk with the Clerk, and I de 1\Ir. PADGETT. Yes. sire to ask unanimous consent that the Committee on Naval Mr. MURDOCK. And the nature of the acts under which Affairs may be discharged from further consideration thereof, they were appropriated? and that the resolution be considered now. Mr. PADGETT. Yes; the amounts remaining under each act. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee lllr. CLARK of Florida. 1\Iay I ask the gentleman if the yard asks unanimous consent that the Committee on Naval Affairs is used at all? be discharged from the further consideration of the following 1\Ir. PADGE·TT. It is to be used for these purposes. This resolution, and that the same be now considered. The Clerk money was appropriated for the New Orleans yard for certain will report the resolution. specific purposes, and the Secretary wants to enlarge the pur· The Clerk rea ..... l1214 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24, On motion of Mr. PADGETT, a motion to reconsider the vote 1\Ir. RUSSELL. .Mr. Speaker, I know of no desire on the part whereby the House joint resolution was passed was laid on the of anybody to engage in general debate, and I ask that the table. Clerk be directed to read the bill. ~Ir. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to . The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will read. insert this letter from the Secretary of the Navy as a part of The Clerk read as follows: my remarks. . The name ?f Colvin S. Roberts, late repairer of telegraph. lines, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee Quartermasters Department, United States Army, and pay him a pen [Mr. PADGETT] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks sion at the rate of :ji24 per month in lieu of that he is now receivlng. in the RECORD. Is there objection? Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. 1\Ir. Speaker, I notice that there There was no objection. is a typographical error in stating the name of this pensionet·. Following is the letter referred to: It should be " Calvin" instead of " Colvin S. Roberts." NAVY DEPARTME~T, Mr. RUSSELL. The gentleman knows that to be a fact? Washington, ApriZ 28, 19_Lf. Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee. Yes. It should be "Calvin." I Hon. LEMUEL P. PADGETT, Ohairman Oommittee on NavaZ Affairs, move, Mr. Speaker, an amendment to correct it. I move to House of Representatives. amend by striking out the word "Colvin," on page 24 line 23 MY DEAR Mn. PADGETT : Under various Congresses certain sums have and inserting "Calvin." ' ' been appropriated for projects at the navy yard, New Orleans, La. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the From these appropriations there are now remaining unexpended bal amendment. ances. This is dne either to the work having cost less than originally estimated, or not being considered necessary in the present status of The Clerk read as follows : the yard. Amend, page 24, line 23, by striking out the word "Colvin" and The amounts involved are as follows : substituting in lieu thereof the word " Calvin." The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to Unobli· the amendment. gated balance. The amendment was agreed to. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will read. The Clerk resumed and completed the reading of the bill. Act Apr. 27, 1904: Shops for Steam Engineering and fittings and gradlngs The bill is a substitute for the following House bills re- $35,000.00 $308.07 ferred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions: coJn~~~~ -~~~~~~~~-t~~~- ~~~:~~::::::::::::::::::: 5,000. 00 1,011.16 H. R. 701. Julia E. Angel. H. R. 12690. James Shepherd. :Floor, Construction and Repair shops ...... •...... •.. 5,500.00 797.77 H. R. 986. Arabella MeV. Russell. H. R. 12761. Charles E. Smith. Fencing naval property ...... •..•...•...... ••.... 10,000.00 7,680.42 H. R. 1440. John M. Harris. H. R. 12774. Andrew J. Halley. Act Mar. 3, 1905: H. R. 1551. Mary T. Frank. H. R. 12818. Joseph Smyth. Water system, extensions ..•....•.•••••••...... 5,000.00 465.57 H. R. 2288. James E. Murdock. H. R. 12854. Jacob Winter, alias Fire-protection system ...... ••••••.....••...... 10,000.00 1,327.68 H. R. 2295. John F. Bennett. Strisle. Act June 29, 1906: H. R. 3048. Hannah E. Matteson, H. R. 12947. Henry 0. Pixley. Machinery and tools for Yards and Docks shop ...... 3,000.00 7,235.92 now Crowell. H. R. 12901. Nancy J. Vanzant. Sawmill, boat shop, and storage for Construction and H. R. 3459. Lorena A. Weaver. H. R. 13009. William H. Harper. Repair ...... -... ··-· 60,000.00 57,147.61 H. R. 3775. James F. Conway. H. R. 13032. William Defoe. Act Mar. 2 1907: H. R. 5189. John C. Judy. H. R. 13053. Annette B. Wonson. Centra! electric light and power plant, extension (pre H. R. 5429. John Mcintosh. H. R. 13064. Martha GagE'. vious appropriations, 162,500) •...... •••...... •.•• so,ooo:oo 59,718.87 H. R. 5506. Helen E. June. H. R. 13068. Absalom 0. HalUwell. Railroad system (previous appropriations, $30,000) ••••• 5,000.00 630.50 H. R. 6173. Engelina A. Fischer. H. R. 13098. Emma Woods. Fitting up yard buildings 8 and 16 ••..•••••••••••••.••. 4,300.00 1,800. 90 H. R. 6288. Constantine Kelley. H. R. 13117. James P. IIayman. Act May 13, 1908: . H. R. 6293. Martha J. Collier. H. R. 13156. John P. Cadwell. Drainage system, to continue ...... •...... 5,000.00 1,303.44 H. R. 6312. Samuel S. Brand. H. R. 13235. Baxter Hamilton. Central heating plant, extension ...... 10,000.00 8,995.81 H. R. 6548. John E. Frymier. H. R. 13244. William H. Moore. Underground conduit system ...... •...... 5,000.00 343.61 H. R. 6557. Elizabeth A. Sheridan. H. R. 13248. Luke Lea. Improvements to machine shop, building No. 4 •••••••• 6,000. 00 . 3,522. 77 H. R. 6601. Henry C . .R. Rudolph. H. R. 13367. Thomas W. Moore. Sewer system, extension ...... 5,000.00 3, 744.74 H. R. '7079. Cora J. Church. H. R. 13386. William D. Smith. Improvement to river front ...... ••..... 25,000.00 1,823.92 H. R. 7103. Henry A. Capen. H. R. 13510. Edward B. Ockington. Act Mar. 3, 1909, levee improvements and grading ...... 45,000.00 10,560.58 H. R. 7108. Edgar V. Harris. H. R. 13525. Rosamond Ensley. Act June 24, 1910, power house and plant ...... 64,677.71 64,677.71 H. R. 7341. Mary A. Vaughn. H. R. 13536. M:eh•in J. Amos. 1------1------H. R. 7632. Maggie E. Parsons. H. R. 13585. Georg-e Scruggs. Total unexpended balance...... • . . • . . . • . 233,097.05 H. R. 7865. Louisa Wildman. H. R. 13616. Ella R. Cochrane. H. R. 7916. Luman A. Fowler. H. R. 13656. Isaac T. Lee. H. R. 7961. Ira Baker. H. R. 13665. Solon G. Van Derkar. The department strongly urges that the total amount not being now H. R. 7987. James T. Herrington. H. R. 13687. John P. Baker. needed for specific appropriations be reappropriated for expenditure at H. R. 8790. Frederick Geiger. H. R. 13680. Michael Kuhn. the naval station, New Orleans, for such purposes as the Secretary of H. R. 9217. Thomas Foreman. H. R. 13752. Adelaide B. Wales. the Navy may direct. This in view of the existing emergency and the H. R. 9274. Anna A. Purviance. H. R. 13757. Philip L. Davis. necessity for providing to the extent of the capacity of the New Orleans H. R. 9358. Mary J. Smith. H. R. 13763. Henry R. J. Bennett. station for the numerous vessels operating in the Gulf of Mexico. H. R. 9484. William H. H. Cooper. H. R. 13795. Christian Harchclrode. The department requests that a resolution may be passed as soon as H. R. 9559. Juiia W. Stevens. H. R. 13837. John W. Sweet. possible, as follows : - H. R. 9602. Samuel Ginger. H. R. 13843. Mary F. Lukecart. " That the unexpended balances of appropriations heretofore made for H. R. 9715. John Finkle. H. R. 13858. 'l'heresa C. Ganung. the naval station, New Orleans, La., and not yet turned back into the H. R. 9724. John A. Scranton. H. R. 13886. Charles G. Turney. Treasury, are hereby reappropriated and made available for expenditure H. R. 9748. George W. Chilson, H. R. 13892. William T. Merrill. at that station for such purposes as the Secretary of the Navy may H. R. 9794. Samuel D. H ess. H. R. 13957. John Krause. direct." H. R. 10008. Levi D. Bodley. H. R. 13958. Catharine M. Upson. Sincerely, yours, JOSEPHUS DANIELS, H. R. 10017. Margaret W. Strunk. H. R. 13974. George A. Hitchcock. Bec-reta1·y of the Navy. H. R. 10108. James McCarthy. H. R. 13990. Solomon Stricker. PENSIONS. H. R. 10226. William Hammonds. H. R. 13991. Cora Story. H. R. 10320. Sidney Van Blbber. H. R. 14013. Melissa L. Williams. 1\Ir. RUSSELL. Mr. Speaker, I call up bill H. R. 15G92, H. R. 10490.. John Harl. · H. R.l4027. Fredonia Williams. granting pensions and increases of pensions -to certain soldiers H. R. 10572. Elsie A. Owen. H. R. 14073. Charles H. Lester. H. R. 10 87. Edward M. Willis. H. R. 14092. Jacob Vanderpool. and sailors of the Civil War, and certain widows and dependent H. R. 10890. Abbie C. Goebell. H. R. 14000. Eliza l\f. Clark. children of soldiers and sailors of said war. H. R. 10903. Marilda Howe. H. R. 14100. Elza W. Evans. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Missouri H. R. 10063. Edward T. Parker, H. R. 14105. Matthew R. Jones. H. R. 10978. Mary E. Cole. H. R. 14136. James P. Sloan. [Mr. RussELL] calls up the bill H. R. 15692, which the Clerk H. R. 10995. James W. Shields. H. R. 14150. Napoleon Slater. will report by title. H. R. 11205. Emma E. Kipple. H. R. 14159. James K. Earl. H. R. 11222. Anna M. Fox. H. R. 14161. Thomas R. Oliverson. The Clerk read as follows : H. R. 11341. Newton S. Long. H. R. 14176. Willis G. Craddock. A bill (H. R. 15692) granting pensions and increases of pensions to H. R. 11398. Frances W. Stoddard. H. R. 14177. John T. Stasel. certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil War, and certain widows and H. R. 11426. J essie Byerly. H. R. 14186. Hattie Parsons. dependent children of soldiers and sailo1·s of said war. H. R. 11431. Thomas J. Richie. H. R. 14198. Colvin S. Roberts. 1\.fr. RUSSELL. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that H. R. 11532. Thomas T. Smith. H. R. 14208. Ilelen B. Reed. H. R. 11541. Carrie I. Bramer. H. R. 14220. Thomas C. Rutter. the bill be considered in the House as in Committee of the H. R. 11559. George Craig. H. R. 14228. George R. Belcher. Whole. H. R. 11785. Nancy E. Burse. H. R. 14272. David S. Curtis. H. R. 11844. Barbara Hamilton. H. R. 14275. Juan F. Short. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Missouri H. R. 11853. Catharine McCombs. H. R. 14317. Catherine Fitzpatrick. asks unanimous consent that the bill be considered in the House H. R. 11923. Anna Davidson, now H. R. 14345. William Green. as in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? [After a Titus. H. R. 14391. Alexander S. Bowen. pause.] The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. The H. R. 11963. Pernina S. Owen. H. R.14402. John 0. Drawbaugh. H. R. 12002. Margaret Connelly. H. R. 14413. Harriet A. Butlet·. Clerk will report the bill. H. R. 12020. Thomas El. Heskett. H. R. 14414. Hattie Allen, now Mr. RUSSELL. 1\.fr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that H. R. 12146. Luther L. Musser. Pringle. H. R. 12164. Laura V. Tegethoff. H. R. 14443. John R. Skidmore. the first reading of the bill be dispensed with. H. R. 12219. Elizabeth Chase. H. R. 14448. William Bay. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from l\fissouri H. R. 12348. Ann Rock. H. R. 14506. Levi North. [1\Ir. RussELL] asks unanimous consent that the first reading H. R. 12383. George W. Morton. H. R. 14531. William 0. Strickland. H. R. 12526. Joseph H. Peirce. H. R. 14562. J enn1e M. Bissonett. of the bill be dispensed with. Is there objection? H. R. 12621. Anna Call. H. R. 14563. Mary Cook. There waa .no objection. H. R. 12628. Joseph Barker. H. R. 14579. Thomas C. Helmling. 1914. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ~7216 H. R. 14598. Mary L. Lake. H. R. 14913. David R. Stauffer. H. R. 14622. Carrie Mcintosh, now j H. R. 14916. Rosser Davis. Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Armstrong. H. R. 14917. William Elkin. consider this bill in the House as in Committee of the Whole. H. R. 14632. Nancy Crouse. H. R. 14922. Martha J. Waldo. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Ohio asks H. R. 14633. Eliza El Hutcherson. H. R. 14923. Anna M. Grossweiser. H. R. 1464(). John R. B:rrlow. H. R. 14933. Vesta V. Spears. unanimous consent to consider this bill in the House as in Com H. R. 14659. Emanuel Garber. H . R. 14959. Henry Wagoner. mittee of the Whole. Is there objection? H. R. 14669. Celia Bulger. H. R. 14963. Edwin F. Hall. There was no objection. H. R. 14674. Calvin E. Boynton. H. R.14964. Elizabeth Morgan. H. R. '14675. Mary L . .Alverson. H. R. 14971. Jennette B. Beardslee. The SPEAKER pro tempore. If there be no objection. the H. R. 14682. John Goodmiller. H. R. 14978. Oliver C. Cooper. first reading of the bill will be dispensed with and the Clerk H. R. 14701. Charles Baxter. H. R. 15010. William White. will read the bill for amendment. ' H. R. 14702. Charles Landon. H. R. 15015. Hemy H. Ross. The Clerk read the bill at length. H. R. 14723. Thomas B. Chilton. H. R. 15050. Gideon Marion Jolly. H. R. 14726. Levi E. Cross. H. R. 15055. Margaret Cauldwell. The following committee amendments were rea_d, considered, H. R. 14790. Woodson S. Marshall. H. R.15056. Nora Erney. and agreed to : H. R. 14814. John C. Brown. H. R. 15059. Hiram Brandon. Page 2, strike out all of lines 1, 2, and 3. H. R. 14815. Dennis Sanders. H. R. 15069. Jane A. Sibley. Page 2, strike out all of lines 11, 12, and 13. H. R. 14830. Patrick Keating. H. R. 15.103. John H. Thomas. Page 3, strike out all of lines 9, 10, 11, and 12. H. R. 14833. Albert N. Hopkins.. H. R. 15124. Lemuel Lewis. Page 3, strike out all of lines 18, 19, 20, and 21. H. R. 14837. Marcus Bradley. H. R. 15188. Caroline Jackson. Page 5, strike out all of lines 5, 6, and 7. H. R. 14841. Jennie L . Maginn. H. R . 15225. Isaac J. Smith. · H. R. 14861. John J. Smith. H. R. 15391. Mary Jane Madary. The bill is a substitute for the following Senate bills re H. R. 14910. Quincy A. Seibold. H. R. 15454. James R. Power. ferred to the Committee on Pensions: H. R. 14911. Henry B. Dunning. H. R. 15455. William H. Simmons. S. 80. Isabella S. Snyder. S. 1837. George W. Robinson. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. WHITE). The question is S. 285. Charles L. Stevens. S. 1877. Isabella Workman. S. 404. Thomas W. Michael. S. 2007. James E. Embury. on the engrossment and third reading of the bill. S. 425. John ll. Broadwell. S. 2290. John Doughty. The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a S. 772. William S. Curtis. S. 2326. Kate Sloan. third time, and was accordingly read the third time, and passed. S. 919. Agnes E. Brown. S. 2412. Fred L. Bush. S. 996. Oscar C. Shull. S. 2487. Paul L . Babr. On motion of Mr. RussE+L, a mption to reconsider the last S. 1000. Schuyler C. Pool. S. 2608. Mary C. Whitson. Yote was laid on the table. S. 1048. Jenrue E. Howell. S. 2627. Otto Weber. Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up the bill S. 1066. George V. Shaffer. S. 2634. A. Fannie Prevatt. '(H. R. 15!)59) granting pensions and increase of pensions to S. 1135. Mary Meade Sands. S. 3027. Mary EJ. Perry. S. 1239. Maria Howell. S. 3079. Frank J. King. certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy, and S. 1386. Barbara B. Haws. S. 3473. Helen l\I. Gleed. certain soldiers and sailors of wars other than the Civil War, S. 1648. Mary A. Connolly. S. 4011. Albina M. Williams. and to widows of such soldiers and sailors. S. 1695. Edward G. Goodbub. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the title The bill as amended was ordered to a third reading, and was of the bill. accordingly read the third time and passed. The Clerk read the bill by title. On motion of Mr. KEY of Ohio, the motion to reconsider the Mr. KEY of Ohio. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent last 1ote was laid on the table. that the bill be considered in the House as in Committee of the Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I call up the bill ( S. 4353) Whole. · granting pensions and increase of pensions to certain soldiers The SPEA.KER pro tempore. The gentleman asks unanimous and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy and of wars other consent that the bill be considered in the House as in Commit than the Civil War, and to certain widows and dependent rela tee of the Whole. Is there objection? tives of such soldiers and sailors, and I ask unanimous consent There was no objection. that thiS' bill be considered in the House as in Committee of :Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the Whole. the first reading of the bill be dispensed with. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Ohio calls The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Ohio asks up a bill, the title of which will be reported by the clerk. unanimous consent that the first reading of the bill be dispensed The Clerk read the title of the bill. with. Is there objection? The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Ohio asks There was no objection. unanimous consent that this bill be considered in the House as The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will now read the in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? bill for amendment. There was no objection. The Clerk read the bill ut length. Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to The bill is a substitute for the following House bills referred dispense with the first reading of the bill. to the Committee on Pensions : The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Ohio asks H . R. 852. Asher P. Anspacher. H. R. 9136. Charles B. Hoover. unanimous consent to dispense with the first reading of the bill. H. R. 884. Benjamin C. Condon. H. R. 9165. Harry G. Tharp. Is there objection? H. R . 1066. John M. Upton. H . R. 9541. William Preston Raines. There was no objection. H. R. 1324. Frederick M. Ottmar. H. R. 9624. Charles H. Bascombe. H . R . 2338. Barney Gordon. H. R. 9866. Susan C. Masters. The Clerk read the bill at length. I-I . R. 2430. Margaret Roddy. H . R . 10116. James D. Silman. The following committee amendment was read, considered, H. R. 2820. Alexander R. Blazer. H. R.10816. Kathryn M. Denoyer. and agreed to : H. R. 3316. Clyde C. Elkins. H. R . 11032. Julius A. Schneider. H . 'R. 3533. Emily Patterson. H . R. 11365. Julian C. McClure. Page 2, strike out all of lines 12, L3, and 14. H. R. 4241. Elizabeth Fisk. H. R . 11494. Tabitha P. Bissett. H. R. 4365. John J. Opperman. H. R. 12912. Edson P . Howes. The bill is a substitute for the following Senate bills referred H. R. 4682. Charles E . Sleeper. H. R. 12956. Charles D. Minard. to the Committee on Pensions: H. R. 5170. George H. Imboden. H. R. 13006. John T. Holton. S. 265. Mary E. Lock. S. 2490. Walter F. Davidson. H. R. 5650 . .Tames W. Alexander. • H. R . 13010. Ernest McFadden. S. 456. William H. Ryley. S. 2507. Harriet N. Lair. H. R. 6099. Ofa Johnson. H. R. 13374. John Beloney. S. 868. Commodore P . White. S. 3424. Ira W. Arnold. II. R. 6266. Edward A. Mueller. H. R.13514. George F. Michel. S. 1849. Alexander Cowan. S. 3487. Gertrude Smith. H. R. 6486. Susan M. Lampkin. H . R . 18946. Dorcas Irene Stewart. S. 1996. Catherine Healey. S. 3614. Emil Ginther. H. R. 6552. Thomas W. Botkin. H. R. 14248. Thomas Comerford. S. 2489. Artht:Ir W. S. Maw. S. 3885. Malinda Ann Miller. H. R . 0935. R utherford B. H . Kin- H. R.14446. Harry Landau. back. H . R. 14503. Leonard D. McCutch- The bill as. amended was ordered to a third reading, ancl was H. R. 7177. Frederick Leidenberger. eon. accordingly read the third time and passed. H . R . 7186. Nazaire Beaupre. H . R. 15147. Ellen D. Rotramel. H. R. 7323. Martha Rebecca Young. H. R. 15394. Ernest H. Peterson. On motion of l\1r. KEY of Ohio, a motion to reconsider the last H. R. 8632. Ida E. Markwood. H. R. 15493. Maggie· Feavel. vote was laid on the table. H. R. 8652. Willis D. M1Iler. NAVAL APPROPRIATIO:N BILL. The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, Mr. PADGETT. 1\fr. Speaker, I mo-ve that the House resolt'e and was accordingly read the third time and passed. itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the On motion of Mr. KEY of Ohio, a motion to reconsider the last Union for the further consideration of the na-val appropriation vote was laid on the table. bill, H . R. 14034. Mr. MAI\TN. Mr. Speaker, there are two short Senate pension The motion was agreed to. bills. Would it not be well to take them up now? Accordingly the House resolved itself into the Committee of Mr. KEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up the bill the Whole House on the state of the Union for the further con '(S. 4167) granting pensions and increase of pensions to certain sideration of the bill '(H. R. 14034) making appropriations for soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy, and of other the naval service for the fiscal year ending June 3.0, 1915, and wars than the Civil War, and certain widows and dependent for other purposes, with 1\Ir. JoHNSON of Kentucky in the chair. 1·elatives of such soldiers and sailors. 1\fr. PADGETT. I will ask the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. The SPElA.KER pro tempore (Mr. SHERLEY). The gentleman HENSLEY] to use some of his time. from Ohio calls up a bil:J. the title of which the Clerk will Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask how much report. time bas the gentleman remaining. The Clerk rend the title of the bill. Mr. HENSLEY. I haye 2 hours and 23 minutes. t7216 CO~GRESSION AL_RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24, M:r. BUTLER. Is it the purpose of· the gentleman to use nor hinder the people of the weaker nation from taking up the most of that time now? I will say to him that on this side we challenge of war, should that challenge be thrust upon them. have but 40 minutes, and it is my purpose to fayor as much as Whose arguments then have failed, the arguments of the friends I can the chairman of the committee. We will not have very of a moderate Navy, or the arguments of the men who have much more general debate on our side. clamorously insisted upon a greater Navy in the name of peace? l\Ir. HENSLEY. It is our purpose to use something like an 1\fr. BRITTEN. Will the gentleman yield? hour now. I yield to the gentleman from Virginia [l\Ir. SAUN Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. DERS]. 1\fr. BRITTEN. Is not the gentleman proud of the fact that Mr. SAUNDERS. l\Ir. Chairman, the progress of this debate we now have an adequate Navy in the Gulf? has removed one stumbling block in the way of a moderate l\Ir. SAUNDERS. I am proud of the fact that the present Navy, and has dispelled one delusion of long star:ding, namely, Navy which is far short of the demands of the so-called Navy that the German Navy is superior to the Navy of the United experts, has proved to be far in excess of the exigencies of the States. The gentlemau from Mississippi [Mr. WITHERSPOON] by pres(;lnt situation. Fortunately, so far, we have not conformed a masterly array of irrefutable facts, has demonstrated that the our building program, to the views and wishes of the naval German Navy is not superior to the Navy of the United States. board, or the naval experts. He has clearly shown, therefore, that it is not a menace to the In response to the query of the gentleman from Illinois interests of this country, or to the security of our people. [1\Ir. BRITTEN], whose question implies that we need all of Hence there is no reason why the naval-construction program· this naval force in our controversy with Mexico, ·I will say of the German Empire, should be matched, or paralleled, by the that two gunboats _in the Mexican waters, would be amply construction program of the United States. able to deal with the 1\Ie~can fleet, and meet every possibility Mr. Chairman, I understand perfectly- well that the events of in the way of danger from that fleet. ·No one pretends that the the last week, are regarded as having in some measure given a great monsters now steaming south, are required to meet any jolt to the arguments of the :::riends of a moderate Navy. I un naval peril in that quarter. · derstand further, that these eyents hav-e created an atmosphere Mr. BRITTEN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield fot· which renders it perfectly useless at this time, so far as any a question right there? hope of present success is concerned, for the friends of peace, Mr. SAU1\'DERS. Yes. and the .friends of moderation in the naval and military pro 1\Ir. BRITTEN. It appears to me, 1\!r. Chairman, that if we gram, to press their views upon this House. I have no illusions would construct our Navy along the lines desired by the mod on that subject. I know perfectly well that the spirit of the erate-navy Members of this House, we would have less than 2 war god is marching on, in this country, and that in deference battleships at the present time instead of 25. to his requirements, this House will bow the knee, and do his Mr. SAUNDERS. Mr. Chairman, I do not think the gentleman bidding. I know that much wise and constructive legislation with his extravagant ideas of naval expansion, is in a position to will inevitably be lost in the haste to subordinate everything speak with authority as to the attitude of the friends of a mod else, to legislation related to the military situation, that much erate navy. I prefer to stand by our own speeches defining our unwise legislation will be enacted, and that at this time our attitude, and by our repeated declarations upon this floor, to the efforts for moderation in armaments will be perfectly futile. I effect that the construction of one battleship a year, will pro haYe no illusions on that subject, but I will not on that account vide us with a navy that will be adequate to every exigency that fail to urge my views upon this body, or recede from the atti we may be called upon to meet. [Applause.] I have stood for tude which I have steadfastly maintained for many years past. that program in the past, I stand for it to-day, and I maintain I know further that as a result of the atmosphere in which that the course of events in Mexico, is a vindication of thrrt we will work, Congress will do many unwise things, will enact attitude. Our present Navy is adequate in size, and is in the much injudicious legislation, and impose many burdens that in highest degree, an efficient fighting instrument. . the future will require much painful effort on the part of the Mr. BRITTEN. Did the gentleman vote for one battlesbjp people of the United Sfates, much toil, and many privations, or two? to correct, and remove. I would be blind to the teachings of Mr. SAUNDERS. I voted for one battleship. What would history, I would lose sight of the march of events under be the naval program to-day if the so-called experts hrrd been other circumstances analogous to those which now confront us, followed? Four battleships. a year. What did they tell us if I did not realize that all of these things will come to pa·ss. that four battleships a year, or "for that matter two battleships And yet, Mr. Chairman, there never was a time when the wis a year, would produce? Peace, not war-peace. 1\fr. Chairman, dom of our views was more fully vindicated, when the logic we will never be engaged in any future war, in which the dis • of the argument was more decidedly i!l our favor, when the parity of naval forces will be greater, than in the one which con friends of a moderate Army and a moderate Navy, had more fronts to-day. If a great naval program will bring peace, wh3• reason to felicitate themselves upon their attitude, than at this are we not at peace with Mexico? If our present powerful very moment. We have favored, and maintained a moderate fleet has not operated to maintain peace between this country Army, and that Army is to-day sufficient for our needs. We and Mexico, does anyone believe that if we had been building have opposed an extravagant Navy, and resisted the hysteria four battleships a year for the past 20 years our relations to-day that has been clamorously demanding four battleships. We with that country would be on a more peaceful footing? You voted for one battleship last year. Who among the frothing gentlemen might as well abandon your contention that a great jingoes is found to say that our present Army, and otir present armament means peace, and will bring peace. Frankly admit Navy, are not adequate to deal with either the present, or the that you are building up a mighty .Navy, with a view to war, prospective situation in Mexico? The arguments of the friends and that you are thereby promoting militancy, and developing of a moderate Navy have not been overthrown. They have been the war fever, and the war spirit. sustained. There is not a feature of the situation now confront Mr. CLINE. 1\:lr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? ing us, there is not a possible outcome of the war that it is pos Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. sible we may hereafter wage against the feeble, war-torn, dis Mr. CLINE. Is it not a fact that the only argument adduced tracted nation, that now faces us, that was not in contemplation on the floor of this House in the last six years for a large naval as a possibility, by the men who have stood heretofore, and who armament bas been that a large naval armament meant peace? stand now, for a moderate Army, and a moderate Navy. 1\Ir. SAUNDERS. Absolutely. On the other hand, the tragic events of the last ·week, have 1\fr. CLINE. That is the only argument that has been ad completely overthrown the arguments to which I have listened vanced for a large armament? in this House, during the past eight years, to the effect that 1\Ir. SAUNDERS. Yes, and so I insist that the logic of the a great Army and a great Navy, would act as a preservative present situation clearly shows that the argument for peace of peace, would keep us at amity with the world. The advo must be put upon some other ground, than upon numerous cates of a big Navy have insisted that they did not favor such battleships, and a mighty Army. a NaYy with an eye to war, but with an eye to peace, and the 1\fr. BRITTEN. Did we not recently pass a peace resolution-? preservation of peace. They have insisted that a mighi-y pro Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes, but we are not so much concernen at gram of naval construction was a peace movement, and a peace present with the resolution which we passed, as with the fact program. · ' that the battleships which we have c<;mstrQcted have not brought Ah, how completely that argument · has been overturned. us peace. Let us keep our eyes on the main argument, and note There is no question of comparison between our armed forces, the failure of your contention, in the light of subsequent events. and those of our possible antagonist. Should we unfortunately Mr. SLOAN. _Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield'? become involved in war, it will be a war in which there will Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. be neither glory, fame, profit, or advantage. What ,then has Mr. SLOAN. Has not the argument for a reasonably lnrge become of the argument that a great Navy would bring us line of battleships been that it w Mr. SAUNDERS. No. The argument was that this country which would be whistled ·down the wind under other conditions, did not propose to wage an offensive war, and that a ~eat Navy and other circumstances. ! was needed for the security of our people, for the maintenance I realize fully that when confronted with a possibility of war, # • of our institutions, and for the preservation of peace between all sense of proportion is lost. 1\fen lose their reason, and the nations. "judgment flies to brutish beasts." But if I have heretofore · The logic of events has overthrown the contention of the mili maintained with a full sense of patriotic duty any attitude tants. A great Navy has not secured peaceful relations between toward a great public question like our naval policy, that atti us and a feeble nation, but has brought us -to the verge of war. tude should not be abandoned, merely because I realize that If we favor peace, universal peace, it is evident that it must be under present conditions the forces of opposition will · be suc secured by some other means, and by some other way, than by cessful. I am ready like every other patriotic man to vote the battleship route. Peace must be attained by peaceful meth the supplies that the urgency of the situation will require, bnt ods, by the peaceful attitude, by moderation, by conciliation, by this naval program is for the future, not the present. The ships an indisposition to stand on punctilios which are an inheritance voted for in the present bill, will never take part in the present of a barbarous and savage age. You will never advance the war, and there is nothing in the facts of the past 48 hours. to cause of peace by extravagant construction of the machines that justify a departure from the construction program of a year breed the tendency, and the disposition for strife. ago. It is hateful to me to hear this possibility of ·war with a The milita.'ry caste, and the naval caste, the world over, are prostrate and feeble nation, made the occasion for a glorifica the same. Military ethics, the military code, the military punc tion of our fighting strength. The disparity between the con tilios, are the same everywhere. When a nation trains men for tending parties is too great. There might be honor and glory in fighting pm·poses, it ought to control and direct them. It should a war with some great power, a power that would cause thls not allow the military caste to control and direct public thought country to extend itself, but a war with feeble Mexico, will be _ and public policy, or to determine the relations of this country too unequal. It will be a repetition on a greater scale of the with the peoples of the world. . war with the Filipinos. [Applause.] There is little occasion It seems impossible for the men who talk big armaments, to applaud ourselves over our wars with inferior nations. They to keep the facts of the record straight. I have witnessed have been but little to our credit. We are a brave people, a two illustrations of that within the last two days. On yester vigorous people, a militant, dominant, c.vermastering, overpower day I heard the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. HoBsoN] assert ing people. All these things may be truly said of us, so that I that the gentleman from Mississippi had stated that the 01·egon am proud to proclaim: Civis Americanus sum. But we have not could meet, overthrow, and destroy six German dreadnaughts. been particularly gentle, or magnanimous in our dealings with In my own mind I was assured that the gentleman from Mis inferior races. sissippi had made no such statement, though I am not concerned Mr. SHARP. Will the gentleman yield for a question at that to make any defense for the gentleman from Mississippi. He point? can speak for himself. I am concerned, however, as one of the 1\Ir. SAUNDERS. Yes. men who are presenting the same sane, deliberate, conservative, Mr. SHARP. Is not what the gentleman has stated right and patriotic proposition for a moderate navy, that we have now one of the best reasons for believing that in the interest of heretofore presented, in correcting an unfounded statement. It national peace this country of ours, above all others, can afford was not the claim of the gentleman from Mississippi, it is not not to carry on this endless work of increasing our battleships? our claim, that the Oregon, which is an old-fashioned battle Mr. SAUNDERS. I have been developing that contention for ship, could overthrow and destroy six German dreadnaughts. the last eight years, and I trust that I have not been unmindful Such a claim would be ridiculous, and has never been made on during all that time, of the honor, the reputation, the prosperity our part on the floor of this House. and the welfare of_the American people, and the glory of the I recollect very well what was said, and the gentleman from American flag. [Applause.] I wish to say in this connection, Alabama should have met, and overthrown, if he could, the and I know that I speak for all of my colleagues in this matter, facts put into the RECORD by the gentleman from Mississippi, that to keep our flag in the forefront, as it now is, of civilization when he compared the fighting strength of an out-of-date Ameri and progress, and to maintain everywhere our real honor and can ship, with out-of-date German ships. He should not seek to our real glory, there is no sacrifice that we would not be willing advance his cause, by setting up a man of straw, in order to tri to make. [Applause.] But at a time like this we lose sight of umphantly overthrow him. The gentleman from Mississippi put the real relation of things. The sense of proportion is gone. into the RECORD facts that it behooves the gentlemen who hold Under the influence of the spirit now abroad, we love to applaud the opposing view, to deal with, and to meet squarely and fairly. ourselves not only for the qualities that we possess, but for other What did the gentleman from Mississippi say in this connection? qualities to which we have no claim, and to impute to oursely-es He contrasted the armament of the Oregon, with the armament motives, and conduct, and ideals, that are utterly at variance of the German battleships of the same age and type. That was with the teachings of history. On yesterday I listened to the ·a perfectly fair argument, and a fair comparison. gentleman from Alabama as he sounded our praises. We love Having referred to the superiority of the guns and armor to be patted on the back, to be stroked as a cat is stroked, of the Oregon, over the guns and armor of the German battle to have imputed to us, generosities that we have not displayed, ships that he selected for the purpose of comparison, he pro and excellencies that we have not exhibited. ceeded to state that the Oregon was superior to any six Ger The gentleman from Alabama with the fervor of war upon man battleships of the era of the Oregon. He did not compare him, proceeded to tell of the wars that we have waged, of the the Oregon with the German dreadnaughts, for the reason that ideal conditions under which those wars have been prosecuted, he had exhausted the resources of argument to show the superi of the generosity, magnanimity, self-sacrifices, and self-abnega o.rity of the dreadnaught, and of the superdreadnaught of tion that we have showed, in comparison with what other na to-day, over the battleships of any era, or of any generation. tions have exhibited, when waging wars and making conquests. The gentleman from Alabama consumed much of his time in I do not know any country in the world, having in mind the seeking to show the vast inferiority of the Oregon, to our later wars that we have waged with weaker peoples, that has grabbed types ot fighting ships. This proposition has never been chal a larger portion of fat lands, as a result of war, than the United lenged, never denied, never controverted by any advocate of a States. By war we pushed back the Indian aborigines, until now moderate, modern, and efficient navy. I desire to say in this we own this country from the Atlantic to the Pacific. I do not connection, Mr. Chairman, that the assumption on the part of stop to deny that in the ultimate this, in a large way, will be some of the protngoni~ts of a greater navy, that their attitude is for the benefit of mankind, but we are not entitled to any credit the attitude ot patriotism, while the attitude of the friends of a for generosity, or magnanimity, in this connection. Whatever moderate navy ls due either to a crass ignorance of the vital the motives, or the excuses, our acquisitions have been made by problems of national defense, or to a pusillanimous preference the stark use of the mailed fist. We have taken whatever was tor peace even at the expense of national honor, or the impair in sight. We went to war with Mexico over 50 years ago. His ment of our territorial integrity, Is not justified by any speech tory tells us that the causes for that war were trivial, yet as a that has evet' been made on our part on the floor of this House. result of it, we took a large slice of rich territory, and still I think that I um justified in saying that the advocates of further made broad our phylacteries, and extended the limits of a moderate navy are n body of sane, thoughtful, experi the United States. enced, capable men, who are just as patriotic as the men who We did not fare so badly in a territorial way, as a result of the be11eve that our national honor, our national integrity, our nn· war with Spain. We came out of that war with Porto Rico,. and tlonal glory, t·equire for their preservation n. naval program of the Philippine Islands to our credit, and if we did not take Cuba, :tour battleships n. yenr. [.Applause.] And yet, as I said a 1t was because, having reference to the declarations that had been • [moment ago, I om not blind to what is going on around me. made on our part, we could not have tak~n that island, and kept ~be present state of tlle public mind, _the atmC?sphere in which our face before the world. Since that time we have been near we are working, render pi!Bslble the enactment of legls1atlon unto taking it on a very tl'ivial pretext. At the conclusion of CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24, the Spanish War, we insisted upon the Philippines. We were people have been ungrateful to them? Whl!t particular occa so anxious to secure these islands that we were willing to ~'lke sion wa&- there for remarks of this character in connection them with a lien, in the shape of a native war. It was always with the pending bill? We create at Annapolis a body of meii thought until the official dispatches were published, that we for certain specific purposes. They would be ingrates if they took the Philippines to save the face of Spain, but later it was did not do their duty along that line for which they have been ascertained that the commissioners who were sent by the specially educated, and specially prepared. United States to negotiate the treaty of peace, were charged by Mr. HENSLEY. Will the gentleman yield right there? the President of the United States to insist upon the Philippines Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. as an irreducible minimum. Spain, however, has been amply Mr. HENSLEY. Is it not a fact that within the last 15 years revenged upon us in that connection. If she wished us ill as a we have increased the appropriations for this department 400 result of that cession of territory, she has certainly seen that per cent? wish fulfilled. But the fact that we have been disappointed in Mr. SAUNDERS. Oh, on the money side, on the side of our acquisition, the fact that the Philippines have not turned loaves and fishes, from every point of view, if you go into that out to be the desirable pos&ession that we-fondly hoped that inquiry, there is no portion of our public servants who are bet they would be, none the less changes the fact that as a part of ter provided for than the Army and Navy officers. As I said, the proceeds of that war, we insisted upon territorial additions, we set them up, we give them an outlook on life, we give them and secured what was deemed to be, at the time, a rich and opportunity, we pay them liberal salaries, we provide them desirable enlargement of our landed domains. We became land with a comfortable environment. We have ·a right to exvect lords over the seas. good service. I remember an admiral who carne from the little Now that the war spirit is abroad, now that this atmosphere mountaill town of Floyd in my district-" Fighting Boo " of war has been created, the man who descants upon the glories Evans. Probably if he had not received the appointment to the and generosity of the United States in antecedent wars, touches Naval Academy, he might in time have attained the high position a popular chord. I know that full well. I know, however, an of postmaster at .floyd. There are many mute, inglorious .. fil other thing, and that is that if the United States desires to culti tons. Admiral Evans did his duty, and did it well. Why not? vate the peace spirit, if it wants peace, peace with honor, peace His country made him, trained him to do certain things, and had with security, peace with the maintenance of national dignity, the right to expect an ample return of duty well done. Was be peace coextensive with the world, we must seek it by some other discharging any more sacred and solemn obligation of duty fu:m route than by an excessive expansion of either the naval, or the the Members of this House, in their relations to the public wel military arm. [Applause.] We must pursue a different course; fare? Was be dischargine any more solemn obligation of duty we must lay a different foundation; we must adopt a different than many a fireman who goes to death under circumstauces attitude; we must reach out, and create a different environment, which exhibit a heroism as great as the Charge of the Light if we desire peace among the nations, and the devolpment of the Brigade? Yet the fireman dies unwept, unhonored, and unsung. peaceful spirit at home. The ordinary policeman on our streets, taking the service year Another distressing feature of a time like this, is the extrava in and year out, incurs greater risks than the average soldier in gant laudation of everybody_, and everything connected with the Army of the United States, and does his duty just as well. war. I do not know why this should be true, but it is true, But we do not become enthused over him, we do not lose our and it bas always been true. :Men can be induced to enact the sense of proportion, we do not create in his case an atmOSJ)bere most extravagant and unwiEe legislation, by laudatory ref that causes us to subordinate all other interests, and cripple erences to acts done by an army, or a naval officer in the other acts of needed legislation, in taking care of the policeman, ordinary performance of duty. Why should he not do his or the fireman, or other men doing their duty under heroic cir duty? Why should he not fight? He does fight. The his cumstances. tory of the American Navy is the history of fighting. Why Cnn the advocates of a greater navy distort these comments not? We train our naval officers for that sole and exclu into a criticism of the Army, or the Navy? They wust go far sive purpose. We set them apart for that function. We create afielu if they can find in them any carping criticism upon the them for that, and for no other purpose. Why should they not one, or the other. I nm simply trying to put befot·e you things do their duty, after we have educated them, given them oppor as they actually are, to strip away the surrounding glamor, tunity, and relie-ved them from all anxieties and responsibility which is a part of the accursed war spirit. It is the atmosphere 1n connection with the mere details of livelihood. Why should of war which causes us to see things out of proportion, unu to they not do their duty, and do it manfully, when the time ar fail in our duty to other classes of society, and to other interest , rives for them to make some return to their country, for all which are fully as deserving of our fostering care, our admira that their country bas done for them? I rejoice in the fact that tion, our attention, and our appropriations, as either the Army, the history of the Navy is the history of duty well done. For or the Navy. one, I will not allow myself to be put into a false position, or I wish to say another thing in this connection, and thnt is advance any statements that can furnish the ground for the that because you train a man to fight, and equip hi..n to fi"ht, unjust charge hereafter that I am attacking in a captious, or and because he· does fight-and we rejoice in the fact that when sneering way, either the military, or naval arm of the Govern occasion arises our fighting men do their full duty-it does not ment. The moderate-navy, and the moderate-army advocates, follow that the disposition of the problems of national states~ repudiate the imputation that we are indisposed to do justice manship should be committed to that man. This is the body either to the Army, or to the Navy personnel. that ought to fix and control the policies of the Nation. The But it is an unfortunate thing that the discharge of duty by man who drives an engine, may be efficient in that capacity, one arm of our Government, should be the subject of such but we do not call him in as an expert to determine the question extravagant and overweening Jaudation, that it destroys our of the Government ownership of railroads. A mercantne firm sense of proportion, and lessens our capacity and our disposi may leave the care of its motor cars to its chauffeur, and tion to do justice to other equally meritorious and deserving may advise with him as to the best type of car. But the firm public servants, and renders impossible the legislation that would determines its policy with re pect to the use of motor cars, build up the welfare, and promote the uplift of all the people how far it will go, in that direction, and how many cars it of the United States. I say that this is an unfortunate thing. will purchase. The policy with respect to the use of motor And yet we have many manifestations of this attitude. cars is fixed by the firm, while the duty of the chauffeur is to On yesterday I heard the gentleman from Alabama [Ur. do the work that he is retained to do. He is not called upon to llonsoN] speak to a sympnthetlc audience when he referred. determine the question of policy. to the "poor naval officers," doing their duty, without ade The advocates of' a. moderate Army and of a moderate NaYy, quate public nppredation of their sen·ice, or of their value. I do inFlist that this body should fix our naval policy. They main not know any portion of the American people to which the phrase tain that the solution of these problems ought to be relegated " poor " can be applied with less propriety, than to the men to the civilian statesmanship of the country. The problems that who serve in the Na"-y in the capacity of officers. Their ways relate to the national welfare, the problems that relate to the are made easy for them. In many in.stancro the Members of national growth, the problems that relate to our future, to Congress have opened the dom·s of opportunity by their appoint our security, and to our interests, are all commHted to the ments to the NaYal Academy. These fo::.·tunate appointees have care of the civilian statesmanship of tbis country, and we are in many instances chances for an education, and for a career, false to our constituencies, and to our duty, when we allow i>uch as otherwise they would never have enjoyed. Their sur the military, or the naval arm of the Governu:ent, to usurp a. roundings as cadets are of a most enviable character. They begin function that belongs to us, and to speak with authority in 1.he 'life with an adequate salary. They have no fear for the future. establishment of our military policy. As they advance in rank, their salaries are raised. When the The gentleman from Alabama [Mr. HonsoN] showe Alabama, neither by training, nor envtronment, has, as the result and to the power of the administration, when it comes to doing of that military education, any superiority or advantage over your duty as members of that committee. Holding the views .any other Member of this Honse, in determining what the naval that you do as to the Navy General Board, you occupy a ridicu policy of this country ought to be. [Applause.] lous attitude when you reject their recommendations and are 1\Ir. BRITTEN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield contented to report a miserly and inadequate program calling right there? for two battleships a year. Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. The question of national defense is not a matter of com Mr. BRITTEN. What is the necessity, then, of our Navy promise. The security of the country is the supreme law; and General Board? whatever is necessary for the security of the country ought to 1\Ir. SAUNDERS. None. It ought to have been abolished be done, and ought to be voted for, and ought to be provided for, long ago. [Applause.] Our Navy General Board was created to the exclusion of everything else. That is the position of the for the express purpose of forcing us into still greater extrava adYocates of a sufficient Navy, of which I ha\e the honor to be gances of naval construction than even the Na\al Committee, or one. You will agree to that, I belieYe. the House are willing to stand for. · Mr. BRITTEN. Do you get security from no battleships? I will answer further the question which the gentleman from Mr. SAUNDERS. The gentlemen who Yoted for no battle Illinois propounded. If the naval board is entitled to speak ships on the occasion referred to, voted for that proposition on with authority, why is it that the Naval Committee has not fol the very sufficient ground that in their view we already had aU lowed its recommendations? the battleships that we needed, without providing for any more Mr. BRI'l'TEN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield to at that time. me again? Mr. BRITTEN. And the gentleman was one of those. l\lr. SAU1'-.TDERS. No; I do not wish to yield. I know the Mr. SAUNDERS. I think not. gentleman from Illinois will not regard me as being discour Mr. BRITTEN. Yes; I have looked up the RECORD, and the teous, if I decline to yield further at this time. gentleman voted for no battleships. 1\Ir. HENSLEY. Mr. Chairma.n, will the gentleman yield? Mr. SAUNDERS. No, if the gentleman will excuse me. I Mr. SAUJ\"TIERS. Very well, I cast a mighty good yote i! I wish to answer the question which the gentleman from Illinois did. I do not think howe,·er that I voted that way in 1913. propounded. If the naval board is entitled to speak with au 1\fy recollection is that I Yoted for one battleship, but if the thority, why is it that you gentlemen of the Naval Committee gentleman has ascertained that I voted for none, he has done will not follow its recommendations? me a kindness. He has found one vote in my record of which Mr. BRITTEN. I did not understand the gentleman's question. I am proud. [Applause.] I voted for none because we had pro l\lr. S.A.U1'-."TIERS. I say, if the naval board is entitled to vided for two the year before. Hence, there was no occasion to speak with authority, why do not you gentlemen of the Com provide for any in the succeeding year. mittee on Naval Affairs follow its recommendations? Let us go a little further. I am able to justify my attitude Mr. BRITTEN. We try to. because I am satisfied after full investigation that a program Mr. SAUNDERS. You do not. They recommend four battle of two ships a year gives us more battleships than we need. ships. But you big-navy people have not done your duty. If you think Mr. BRITTEN. It is because Members like the gentleman that this naval board is entitled to speak with authority, and to will not let us. fix the naval policy of this country, you ought to follow tl1em, ~fr. SAUNDERS. Oh, you are supreme in the Naval Com and bow with deference to that authority. mittee. As I said a moment ago, the national security is not a thing Mr. SISSON. What authority is there in law, and what law to be paltered with, it is not a question to be compromised. It did Congress pass for the creation of this board? is a proposition to be met fairly and squarely. '.rhe security of 1\Ir. SAUNDERS. I do not know; but I am attempting to the Repubiic is the supreme law. The old Latins had a magnifi discuss the point suggested by the gentleman from Illinois, and cent aphorism, Salus populi, suprema lex esto. I stand by that. assume that this board has authority of law for its existence. What does the average na\al expert say with reference to the Mr. HENSLEY. It is self-created. proper defense of our country? Adopting the view taken by gen l\lr. SAUNDERS. The advocates of a big navy are supreme tlemen like the gentleman from Alabama, the provision for two on the Naval Committee. That committee has been built up in battleships is so pitifully inadequate, that it is fully as desening such a way, that the advocates of a moderate navy on that com of criticism as a provision for none at all. Do you suppose that mittee, struggle for their beliefs, and seek to bring out the facts, Mr. HoBSON is satisfied with two battleships? Why, I asked him under the very greatest difficulties, and at the very greatest dis on the floor of this House how many battleships he thought advantage. would be necessary to make us safe, and he said something like I would like the gentleman to tell me how the attitude of gen five a year. Either the naval board speaks with authority, tlemen like myself, binders him and his colleagues who consti or it may be disregarded. If it speaks with authority, then, tute an overwhelming majority of the committee, from re you gentlemen who believe in it, can not falter, or take any porting four battleships in his bill? What compulsion can we middle ground. I do not believe in it, so I am not_bound by put upon you? You say that I am in the way, and that men its recommendations; not so with you gentlemen who recognize like me are in the way; then bow have you been able to report its authority. You do not do your duty to the country, nay you two battleships? We are as much opposed to two battleships imperil the security Of our country, when you fail to p.rovide all as we are to four. Why does the gentleman speak of the naval the battleships that this board declares are necessary to preserye board as having authority, and then refuse to follow it? that security. 1\Ir. BRITTEN. I want to say that every member of the Com 1\lr. MADDEN. Will the gentleman yield to me for a question? mitt~ on NaYal Affairs who signed this minority repor: voted Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. for no battleships for the year 1913 with one exception, and Mr. MADDEN. The gentleman from Alabama argued that we that gentleman was out of town, or he would have voted for no ought to maintain our equilibrium among the nations of the world. battleships also. If we have no battleships at all, we do not Mr. SAU1'1"'DERS. Yes, that is the new philosophy of the need a naval board. That is true. gentleman from Alabama. Mr. SAUNDERS. Now what has the report of the feeble minority of 4 on your committee, to do with the recommenda Mr. ~LillDE...~. Will the gentleman tell us what he thinks tions of the majot·ity, represented by the 17 other gentlemen? about that? How could that minority, feeble as it is in numbers as compared Mr. SAUNDERS. I do not care to go as far afield as that. with the 17 gentlemen who are sounding the tocsin of war, I suppose eyen my friend from Illinois is hardly prepared to hinder you from reporting four battleships, if it was your desire subscribe to that doctrine. The gentleman from Alabama [1\Ir. so to do? HoBsoN] will haye to be spokesman for that doctrine on the Mr. BRITTEN. The Secretary of the Navy recommended two floor of this House. battleships. Mr. McL.A. UGHLIN. Will the gentleman yield now fo1· a Mr. SAUNDERS. The gentleman did not ask me about the question? Secretary of the Navy. He asked me about the naval board, Mr. SAU1'-.TDERS. Yes. and the intima:ion carried in the question, was that that board Mr. McLAUGHLIN. I agree thoroughly with what the gen was entitled to speak with authority. tleman has said to the effect that in the trouble in which we are Mr. BRITTEN. His information comes from the general board. now engaged, it appears that we haYe a sufficient Navy; but Mr. SAUNDERS. He did not follow the general board. does not the gentleman know that this country is trembling Mr. BRITTEN. Who passes the bill-the committee or the to-day for fear of complications with foreign countries? House? · 1\Ir. S.A.U11.'DERS. No, I do not know anything of the sort. l\Ir. SAUNDERS. The members of the Naval Committee I for one am not trembling, and I do not belie\e the country ougllt to be superior to the naval board, to the Navy Secretary, generally is trembling.· ,7220 CONGRESSIONATI RECORD-HOUSE. '. APRIL 24, Mr. McLAUGHLIN. And within a few weeks this Congress Mr. FESS. Show to whom? has been asked to give away our plain rights in the Panama Mr. SAUNDERS. To fhe world, I suppo e. The advocates Canal for the purpose of appeasing foreign countries. of one ship a year have insisted that we possess a mighty Navy. Mr. SAUNDERS. Are yoq afraid of foreign countries? Are Now we have an ocular demonstration of the fact. you trembling witb apprehension? Are you afraid of a fore~gn Mr. MADDEN. And this is a safe place, anyway. invasion of this country? Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes, a very safe place. When the gentle· Mr. McLAUGHLIN. Is it not true that almost every news man from 1\fichigan asked me if we might not become invol'red paper we read speaks of the· danger of foreign invasion? with the nations of the world, be must have had in mind some Mr. SAUNDERS. I think the state.. men of this country, and combination of nations. Whenever you begin to argue for a the Representatives in this House, have come to a rather low big Navy upon the hypothesis of possible complications, there ebb, if we are to be turnea from the plain course of our duty, by is no limit to the extent of naval construction that will thereby unfounded statements contained in irresponsible, fire-eating, be imposed upon the country. It is possible that we may jingo newspapers. [Applause.] I have seen some of the mat become involved over Mexico with a foreign power, it may be ter referred to, and I wish to say that it makes me ashamed that we will be involved with two foreign powers, or possibly of the intelligence of the country, to be told that such stuff three foreign powers. One is as likely as the other. Having should make any lodgment on our minds. reference to these possibilities, what should be the program of Mr. 1\fcL.A.UGHLIN. I venture the suggestion that if there naval construction? should be intervention by one of these larger powers, every I have been in this House long enough to see Japan as a pos man on the floor of this House would regret that he had not sible adversary, worn threadbare. The gentleman from Ala voted for more battleships. bama [Mr. HoBSON], when he first came to this House, and Mr. SAUNDERS. Suppose we consider that suggestion. In began to sound war's alarm, insisted that unless we built up case of intervention by Great Britain, Germany, and France in such a Navy as he had in contemplation, it would be only a the pending controversy, what would our provision for two bat short while-before this country would be involved in war with tleships a year amount to? Such intervention is a possibility. the Empire of the Rising Sun. Time has passed, and we are If you argue in that fashion, ycu ought to insist that our pro not only not at war with Japan, but we are farther away from gram should carry 20 dreadnaughts a year. Suppose that to war with that Empire than ever before. Japan is tottering on morrow Germany, France, and Great Britain should make com the verge of bankruptcy, and bas materially reduced her naval mon cause against the United States, what security would our program. pitiful program of two battleships a year afford? We might Mr. McLAUGHLIN. Does not the gentleman know that the as well have none; since our present fleet would be destroyed, people of California can not enforce the school laws that they with the consequent loss of all the millions that bad gone into want because Japan has ruled otherwise, that they can not its construction. enact the land laws that the people want because they can not .!r. BUTLER. Will the gentleman permit me to ask blm a stand behind them, and the Secretary of State bad to hurry to question? California to consult with the legislature? Mr. SAU~TDERS. Yes. . Mr. DO NOVAN. Mr. Chairman, a point of order. Gentlemen Mr. BUTLER. I know my friend will agree with me that we have not the right to take the floor without the consent of the · would put up a good fight, if we bad not anything but a pole to Chairman and the consent of the gentleman who holds the floor. fight with. Mr. McLAUGHLIN. I beg the gentleman's pardon if I have Mr. SAUNDERS. Oh, yes. The gentleman can not make any been speaking ' d i:hout his permission. issue with me on that. I have already stated that when it Mr. SAUNDERS. The gentleman bad my permission. comes to war I would like to have an antagonist worthy of our Mr. BRITTEN. Will the O"entleman yield? steel, one that would put us to our mettle, and develop the real Mr. DO NOV AN. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman bas no right fighting blood that is in us. I have already made that state to interrupt without the permission of the Chair. In the last ment. 25 minutes the Member who is addresSing us has not spoken for 1\fr. CLINE. How does the naval board come to get into this 5 minutes without an interruption. We are entitled to hear question of how many battleships we shall have? the gentleman from Virginia. We can hear the other gentle· Mr. SAUNDERS. I do not know, except perhaps to show that men anywhere in the lobby, or out on the street. What we tlle Naval Committee has disregarded their recommendations. want is information. [Laughter.] · Mr. CLI~'"E. Did the Naval Committee send for the naval Mr. BRITTEN. Will the gentleman yield? board? Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes. Mr. SAUNDERS. I do not know. It is referred to as a. Mr. BRITTEN. I want to ask the gentleman if be does not body of experts for whose opinion we ought to have regard. think that our naval program from year to year depends largely, Yet the committee disregards them. The very gentlemen who on our financial condition? are urging two battleships, are disregarding the recommenda Mr. SAUNDERS. No. It depends upon a much higher con· tions of the naval board. Speaking of possibllities-- sideration-the necessities of national defense. The American Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. Will the gentleman yield? people should provide whatever is necessary for our security; Mr. SAUNDERS. Yes, I will yield. the matter of dollars and cents should not enter into the ques· Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. I noticed in the paper this morn tion. ing, and .I have seen it in several papers lately, and I presume Mr. BRITTEN. One more question. It appears to me that the gentleman has also, that the Secretary of the Navy has the gentleman's attitude is very inconsistent. issued rush orders to have the New Yorl;, completed so that she Mr. SAUNDERS. I think not. may be sent to Mexican waters. I want to ask the gentleman, 1\Ir. BRITTEN. There Is no question but that the gentleman if there is no prospect of some complication abroad, what is from Virginia voted for no battleships, and the other day be the reason of the Secretary of the Navy for desiring more bat voted practically for a war resolution. tleships to be sent to Mexican waters? Mr. DONOVAN. A point of order, Mr. Chairman. The 1\fr. S.AUl'."'DERS. Probably the naval board suggested to gentleman from Virginia yielded for a question, and the gentle him that it would be well to do it, I do not know. man from illinois is not asking a question. Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. Does the gentleman think that The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Virginia yielded to the Secretary of the Navy would issue a foolish order of that the gentleman from Illinois generally. kind? Mr. SAUNDERS. The gentleman from illinois is seeking to Mr. SAUJ\"'DERS. I would not like to S::Ly that the Secre develop an inconsistency in the gentleman from Virginia. tary of the Navy does foolish things, but he bas done some [Laughter.] It I have been inconsistent, it was in a good cause, things that I cnn not approve. Will that satisfy my friend? I but I have not been inconsistent. I favor all the battleships want to say seriously that the environment of the Secretary of that this country needs. To that extent I am in favor of a big the Navy is such that it is hard for him to be other than the navy. One ship a year gives us a big navy. We need mouthpiece of the caste that surrounds him. While adminis no more. I wish to say in this connection, that I have trations come and administrations go, the environment of the been here long enough to hear the gentleman from Ten· Naval Secretary is always the same. nessee [Mr. PADGETT] make a most able, impressive, com Mr. FESS. Will the gentleman yield for a friendly question? prehensive, and logical argument along the very lines followed Mr. SA.UNDERS. Yes. by the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. WITHERSPOON] a few Mr. FESS. I would like to bnve the gentleman's opinion on days ago, namely, that Germany was not a menace to the United the rna ttcr of sending the entire fleet to Mexico at this particu States. I listened 'with admiration to him, when he stood up lar time when, so far as I can see, there is not so very much boldly in front of the House, and in r~ply to the gentleman from to do except on the coast. Why is it all there? Alabama who was making suggestions like those now made by Mr. SAUNDERS. It serves to show what a mighty naval the gentleman from Michigan, stated, "I am not scared." Those power we are. were brave words, but since that time, in some way, we have . • - - , l 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. '7221 seen our friend from Tennessee become infected with that mys- to the U. S. battleship Arkansas, aged 19 years, a resid-ent of terious influence with which he said the gentl-eman from Ala- Gretna, La., which is in the congressional district that I have bama had inoculated a former President of the United States~ the honor to represent. It must be a source of mournful pride In other words, our friend is now overthrowing his own argo- to his father and his family and his friends, as it is to me, to ments, and supporting '.he arguments of his quondam adversary, .realize that be was the first southern boy to make the ~·great the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. HOBso-N]. How does he sacrifice" for his country in this unfortunate war. {Applause.] justify this reversal of attitude? Presid-ent Wilson declares :Mr. PADGEI'T. Mr. Chairman, I yield 20 minutes to the that many happy illustrati-ons multiply about us of a growing gent1eman from Massachusetts [Mr. MURRAY]. sense of community of interest among the nations. This re- Mr. 1\IURRAY of Massachusetts. Mr. Chairman, there is one lates to the great n-ations of the world, not the small semi- feature of th.e pending bill to which but little attentkm has been barbarous States, with respect to which occasional wars re- directed during th.e course of the debate because of the keen qrriring a small force, may be expected. I have seen another criticism of some who are opposed to the naval program and thing since I have been here. I have seen the sentiment for a whQ do not desire to see such gr-eat amounts as are recom blg navy worked up in the most deliberate, and scientific mended by the committee appropriated for battleships and for fashion. Some one fires the train by stating thftt a foreign eoun- naval eonstructlan. It is most important that in th.e course of try is preparing to trample, or trea Are the 17 members of this Naval Committee willing to com- 1 have shipbuilding at Boston. They say that mechanics and promise the seeurity, the welfa..:c, th~ future, the hooor, and workmen at Boston are paid 25 per cent more in wages than the dignity of the American people, by reporting two ships, I workmen and mechanics in any other place along the Atlantic when they ought to report four? Can you eompromise a situa- seacoast. Mr. Chairman, it is a matter of surp1ise to me to tion like this? Ought you to leave us in a state of insecurity, know that the wages of the Boston mechanics and workmen are uncertainty, and alarm, when you have a board that tells you not so much higher than the wages of men in other places. I can only what you can do, but what you ought to do, in order that not challenge the statement that was made by those gentlemen, you may discharge your duty to your constituents, and pre- because I have not the wage schedules, but I know that workmen ser•e the integrity and welfare of the American people? I in the Boston yards and in the private shipbuilding company at tell you, that the gentlemen who talk aoout this naval board, Boston challenge this statement in regard to comparative wages. and the authority that its recommendations ought to carry, and If they are paid 25 per cent more wages than the workmen then admit that they only beli-eve one-half of what that board in other places I am sorry to know that this condition exists says, thereby do no credit either to the naval board, or to the 17 in those places, because certainly we believe that the wages majority members of the ~ommittee. If the majority of the of the workmen rrt Boston are not now too high but rather committee can weigh th-e arguments of this board, if it can too low. The objection is made that Boston ought not to be reject 50 per eent of vhat thf:y Eay, if it can present a bill for a equipped for shipbuilding because the climate there is not so less number of ships than this board recommends, then tMy good for this work as the climate in other places along the admit by :hat action all I have undertaken to put forward in seaboard. Objection is made by the gentleman from Virginia this matter, and that is, that after all has been said, the final that we have so much rain at some times and so much snow voice in this great argument ought to be tL>e voice of the Amerl- at other times in the year that the climate there is not good can Congress, the voice of the American people, speaking through for this kind of work, and, therefore, the Boston workmen and us, who are th-e servants of that people. [Applause.] shipbuilding plants are at a disadvantage. It is an old, old The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Virginia thing to charge that the climate of Boston has many different has expired. kinds and varieties. It is a thi!lg that is frequently referred to Mr. HENSLEY. ~r. Chairman, I yield one minute to the by humorists that the climate of Boston is the worst in the world gentleman from Lomsiana [1\fr. DUPRE]. and the most variable in the world. I ha\e read, indeed. the Mr. DUPRE. Ur. Chairman, among other brave American witty things that Mark Twain said, with characteristic Ameri lads who gave up their lives for their country at Vera Oruz can humor, as to the climate of New England; but, Mr. Chair on yesterday was .Louis Oscar Fried, ordinary seaman, attached man, I never jb.ought I would live to a time when in the Ameri- ,7222 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24, can Congress it would be seriousfy asserted that the climate the law of supply and demand, or ownership by the Govern in Boston was the cause of withholding an amount of money ment of plants that will guarantee competition. If you have to equip that place for shipbuildjng purposes. I do not believe real earnest competition, that competirion will be sufficient to it is fair to say that the C!limate of Boston is not so good as regulate these matters without Government interference; but the climate in Norfolk or at any place as far south as Wash if you have in the land, as we see in this instance, collusive ington for shipbuilding or auy other kind of actual labor. Cer-· bidding instead of competitive bidding, if we see three great tainly I have always been more comfortable in the summer companies submit identical bids to the Government of the time in Boston than I ever have been in the summer time here United States for armor plate, for shipbuilding, for things which in Washington, and any man who has had to do actual hustling the Government needs, you know there is no competition, you work in each of tile two places, as Members of Congress surely know there is no accidental identity between these various bids, have to do, may bear me out in this statement in regard to but that there is collusion; and you know that the Government comparative cJimatic conditions. of the United States in order to get away from the results of The gentleman from Virginia is a friend of the naval experts, that kind of collusive bidding, and in order that it may not be because he rests his case largely on the proposition that the put at the mercy, Mr. Chairman, of these men who are engaged naval experts recommend a contract with a private company. in these things, not from patriotic purposes but for the ·profit The Secretary of the Navy is criticized by some of my col that may accrue to them, must equip its own navy yards for leagues because he is willing at times to follow the advice shipbuilding and build its own armor-plate factory. And in the of the naval experts; he is criticized by the gentleman from end the cost is bound to be less than it would be if the Gov Virginia [Mr. JONES] and the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. ernment was at the mercy of these collusive bidders. BROWNING], and by other men, because he fails in this matter Mr. BARTON. The Secretary was criticized some for buying to follow the recommendations of the naval experts. Mr. Chair supplies abroad. Was it not the only possible way he could get man, I have seen some Secretaries of the Navy, have watched these supplies at reduced prices? th~ir conduct of the great Naval Establishment of the Govern Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. Of course it was. ment. May I digress for· a moment to say I have never known Mr. HENSLEY. Does the gentleman from Massachusetts in a greater Secretary of the Navy than the present Secretary, tend to be understood as saying that any gentleman who stands Josephus Daniels. I commend him because he listens to naval with ourselves withholds his indorsement of the Secretary for experts and to all who may advise him, and . then he acts as he all these things that he did for the purpose of reducing these believes he should act for the nationa! welfare. Some refer things? to him as an extravagant man. Let me tell you some of the Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. No. I thank the gentle great economies that he has practiced in the short time since man for asking the question. I am directing my thought par he has been at the head of that department. It is not neces ticularly to the gentlemen who have spoken-the gentleman sary to tell the men who are on the Committee on Naval M. from Virginia [Mr. JoNES] and the gentleman from New Jersey fairs, because they know full well that he saved as a result [Mr. BROWNING]. I know that the gentleman from Missouri of competition in regard to the matter of some armor-piercing and his colleague, the gentleman from Mississippi [l\Ir. WITHER shells more than a million of dollars-in exact language $1,068,- SPOON], and those who join with them on the committee and 750. It is not necessary to tell those men that in the contract who are trying to get real economies, are in sympathy with the for building ship No. 39, which is now under construction, he Secretary in this work, because these men are sincere and :was able to save on special-treatment steel $378,261. The gentle earnest in their desires to reduce the burden of taxation that is man from Mississippi knows as a result of his attendance on the now resting so heavily on the people. of this country. They hearings of the Committee on Naval Affairs that on the item realize that the Secretary is doing these things in a sincere of turbine rotor drums of battleship 39 he was able to effect a effort to establish real economy and are in active cooperation saving of $102,836; that on medium steel plates, battleship 39, with him. he was able to effect a saving of $19,000; that on angle irons We have seen one great political revolution in this country and small iron and steel material for battleship 39 he was able on the proposition of the high cost of living. I have seen the to save $3,000; on forgings and shaftings, battleship 39, he was time when the annual budget of the city of Boston amounted to able to effect a saving of $157,646. more than $20,000,000. I have seen the State taxes of the Com A total saving, 1\Ir. Chairman, on this single battleship as monwealth of Massachusetts mount up to $8,000,000, as they against battleship No. 34 of $662,743, which is exclusive of the were last year, and almost certain to be increased to $10,000,000 saving of $782,117 which they saved on armor of various kinds. this year. Mr. Chairman, the Secretary of the Navy has told graphically The national budget is now considerably more than $1,000,- in the hearings before the Committee on Naval Affairs of the 000,000. I am not one of those who protest against large ex House that he effected these savings by establishing competi penditures simply because they are large. But I wonder how tion between these private shipbuilding companies. He told long it is going to be before there will be a political revolution there in most eloquent style that he requested the representa on the proposition, not of the high cost of living, which we have tives of the private shipbuilding companies and of the armor already seen, but on the proposition of the high cost of govern plate companies to come to Washington, and that he told them ment, which we surely can see if we will just look at the figures. the law required them to make affidavit that they were not in There may be places where it is wise, where it is the proper any combination or in any agreement to keep up the price, and thing, where it is the duty of a Representative to protest against asked them if they were mindful of that law. These men told expenditure; but, Mr. Chairman, I am sure that those who pro him that they knew of the law and that they had not had any test against this expenditure of $148,000 for the equipment of conference before they submitted their bids. And yet the bids the navy yard at Boston for shipbuilding purposes are not real of three different companies which were submitted for the economists, but rather are b~sing their arguments on a proposi armor for this battleship were identical, and the Secretary, tion that will not meet the measure of discussion and analysis when he received the assurance that they had not compared that I hope it will be given in debate on this bill under the five notes, told them that when three large companies, with con minute rule. The control of prices is a most important con· tracts amounting to very large sums, made identical bids to a sideration in this matter. The Secretary points out that if hq cent the burden of proof was on them to show that they had allows the Navy Department and the Government of the United not conferred about the matter. States to be put at the mercy of the men who control the prices Mr. Chairman, anyone who reads the testimony of the Secre of these things, they will be able to run those prices up to suit tary of the Navy before the Naval Affairs Committee must themselves. But he says if there are Government yards know the reason why the Secretary recommends that these equipped to do this shipbuilding in competition with private yards be equipped for shipbuilding purposes. It must be be companies, then there will not be a surrendering of the control cause there is collusion between the private contractors, and he of prices by the Navy Department, but rather there will be a feels that the Government of the United States ought not to be retaining of control of prices, and we shall have real competitive at the mercy of any combination of men engaged in private bidding for these ships and not the collusive bidding that we shipbuilding enterprise. fear. Mr. BRI~TEN. Will the gentleman yield? Now, Mr. Chairman, let me say one further thing about this Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. Certainly. matter. There are those who seem to believe that the equip Mr. BRITTEN. Does the gentleman think the Government ment of this yard for shipbuilding purposes means simply its would saye that amount of money in a Government armor equipment for great battleship construction. I suppose we may plate plant? hope in the course of time to see a battleship constructed there, Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. Of course I do, and so does just as battleships have been constructed in the New York Navy the Secretary of the Navy, for he says so. The reason they Yard and at other places. But I wonder if these men are mind would save is this: You have got to have either one of two ful of the extent and the number of ships of one kind and an things in this country, competition between men who are en other that are needed and used by the United States Govern gaged in private enterprise based on the old economic idea of ment in its various departments. f1914., CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1223 ' ~t me NA.VY·n:RD WORK ON VESSELS OF THE WAll. DEPAlll'MENT, 1.9.12. Differtmne-'llctual cost. t'ost of Total 'F)~~~d Actual oost ______Name of 'Vessel. .Navy yaro. 1 1 unesti- 1 actual work. ofwork. mated cost of Below Above work. all work.. estimate. estimate. $758.73 126.16 42.59 1,830.3! 780.83 64.91 85.!79 9,097.16 3,143. 74 2,:S69. 69 1,.262. 82 245.35 2,812. 71 1,375.14 1,533.91 .2,673..38 5,392. 68 532.26 1,941.13 I, 779.43 4,967.54 44.11 NAVY-YARD WORK ON 'VESSELS OF 'THE DEP.A.R.niENT OJ' COJitliEECE tlliD LABOR, l!ll2. $740.50 $6!Jl.'27 ~9.23 ·- ...... ····--·--·· $691..27 · ~o.W. '09 9 moo 'Ts:~ · <~.82 ~~::~~::· ..... S4B:oo· ..... o6fu 6,9*11.75 6,ll98.'87 ...... --··· !.55.12 ...... •6,998. 7 1,830. 50 l, 788...2B 42. 22 ·-·-•• ·-- 12. 7.5 1, SOL Q3 201:80 ru. 21 • .• ...... '9. n ...... ·- 211.21 3, 291.10 :a.,:run:74 ·····~~~- 100.64 1,2&9.87 4,661:61 97~50 ti. t62 91.88 ....- ••.• ~ ...... ~62 10,389.00 10,700.E3 ···--;,;,;..~1·9·- 311.83 ········--·- 10.,700. 3 5,537.00 5,256.81 UYU ...... •••••••••••· 5,256.81 1,&7.8.25 3,805.00 ~:~:]g 1,~~:~ :=-:~::::~: :::·:::::::: 1:~:~ :N'AVY-Y.llU> 'WCmK ON VESSELS 'OF THE 'TltE.Atro'RY DEPART'HKNT, 1912. $2,587.~ ~~~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-~~~~~~ -~.a::-.:~_:-::::::::::: .. ~~~~~::_ $2,~::g :::::::::::: ·--~~~~ ···--i27:ro· 27.60 '2,190. 25 1 9,097.16 r~e:~:: :::::~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~:~:::~:::::::~:::::: :~~~i~r~,=~·:~:::::::::::: ~:lq:~ ~~t~i ~~:~ :::::::::: :::::~:~~: 1i53.32 948.64 tO, 107.97 4,552..32 ~~~~~::::::~~~:~~~:~:~~~~~~~~~~?~~~;~:~~~~~:~~:~~ :fiE~~~:~~~~:~~~~ ·t~:§ ·~n ·· ·;;~4~- :::~~~:: :~::::: ~::: 121.62 1 1,223.34 &f~e~~: :::::::: =~ :::::::::::::::~:~:::::~::~~=~=~~::::::~::::::~: .~~~~~·- ~~::::::::::::::::: '~:~ k~i:~~ ..... ~~::~~- ·i; i79:n· ~ --·· -r>····- 2,045.52 Ita~ca. ...•.••••..•. -· ••• -~------~~ •• ____ ••. -~ •••• -····· •...•••. -- ~ .....• do ••••••• -·-...... 1,522. 00 1,220. M 201.46 ...... ---.-.··-··-. 1,220.-54 Mohawk ...... do·-···-~·-············· 313.00 155.86 15.7.14 ...... 155.86 Onondaga ...... - ••••••....•..••.•••...... • do...... 7,089.'85 10,350.58 ...... •••. '3,260.73 (2) 10,350.58 .Portsm.onth •.•••..• ·-· ...••...... ·-· .•..•...... ·-..•.• -· ...... •.- •.•.-do ...... ().89 6. 89 •••..••••.••.•..•...•..••••.••..•. 6.89 Sem.inole . •••••••--······-·-····· ····---- ~ --~---········-·········· •••.• do ...... - ...... 37.2.00 485.69 ••..•.....•. 113.69 (2) 485.69 1, 735.18 ~~11:: ·::_·:: ::::::~:::~::::::::::::::~~:::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~~~~~~-~~~:::.:::~ 2,~~:gg ~:~M:~ :::::::::::: ~~j~ 1,~~:~ 4,967.04 Tbcti:s ...... ---·-·············--··············--··· ·· •••••do .•- ... ····--··--···-· 435.00 446.04 ....•.••.... 11.04 79.96 526.00 4,529.03 ~~=ch:: : ::::::::::::::::::::::: ~::::::::::::::::: ::: :~ ::::: :~: ::1:::: :g~: :::::::: :~::::: :~::: :. ... ~:~:~~~~- ... ~: :~:~~- :::::: :~: ::·... ~~~: ~- 2, 7~~: ~ 17.66 l Work not eompleted. 2No esti.m:l.t2S were sub::mlttaJ. on m.:my job orders in c.mnection with this work, it having been authorized in adva.n~. Fa:-om: The .Aid :for Materiel. MOIOP.ANDUM. FE.BnUARY 25, 1913. To : The Secretary of the Navy. Subject: Work done at various navy yards on vessels belonging to other departments. L There arc forwarded l!Crewith data. sheets sbowing the amount of work done in the vnrlous navy yards on vessels of other departments of tbe Govenunent during i:he calendar year 1912. -Since January 1, Hn3, the following additional work of this nature has been und~rtaken or authorized in the various yards, showing increased .actLvity along these lines since the inauguration of the policy approved by the P.resident on December 10, 1912: Number of days' work in- Construe- Vessel. Navy yard. Equip.. Steam en- tion, ord- Probable date 'Of com-pletion. ment. gineering. nmce, and repair. Indefinite. ~~~n~~~ ~~. 4i;-_·:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~~:::: :::::::~:::::::::: :::::::::::: (') 36 ••••• __ •• ~~- ~:~~N!~~ Completed. ~:~~~~~~ .. ~-~~~~ :_ :::::::::::::::::::::::: =~:::: :::::::: :~ ~J~~~i: ::::::::::::::::: ::::: =~::::: ..... ~? .. ~- (S) 1:. Absent. Mohawk •...•.•... ········-.. ·······-····-···-· ...... ····-···-·· ..... do .•..•.•••..••.••••••...•..•.•••••.• ··--. ... .•. 3 Do. Indefinite. N~~-:::::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~~~::::::::::::~~ - : ::~~:::::::: ~ fa Do. Mohawk ...... •...... •...... •...••....•...... Norfolk.················-···...... 2-i ··· ~· ······- Do. Onondaga •....•..••••••••••...•.•••••••••. ······-····-···· ...•••.••...... do .... ··-·········...... •...... 1 .Absent. May1 1913. Itt~:~~~~~ ~~:.5~.-.:: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .?.~~~~~~: ::::::::::::::: :~ ...... -.: ...... -~- 3~ Com-pfeted. May 1,1913. Feb. 28, 1913. $t~~~~::;~_::~::::::::::~:::::::::~:::·::::::::::~::::::::::: :~~~~::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::: ~ ~ Do. 1 Install .air compressor. 2 Renew propeller. a Docking. ·2. In addition to fhe foregoing there is being built at .lllnre Island~ Cal., n. 67-foot vessel ior the Revenue-Cutter SerVice; at Paget Slound, "'Tn 11., 3 gR oline launches for the use of the Agricultural Department in Alaskan waters; and at the navy yard, Boston, 3 motor dories for the Lighthouse Establishment• • 7224 CONG·RESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24~ Several of those ships a:re ships that are assigned to the the various kinds of Government ships that can well be built Treasury Department. Several are in the Lighthouse Service there-the ships for the Lighthouse Service, the ships for the and in the Revenue-Cutter Service and in the Public Health Revenue-Cutter Service, the ships for the Public Health Service, Service, engaged in every kind of service where any depart the ships for the various kinds of governmental activities that ment needs vessels that are not battleships in any sense of we have come to need in the conduct of this great business en- the word. They are vessels of peace and not vessels of war. terprise, the Government of the United States. · Mi·. BRITTEN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? I congratulate the Secretary of the Navy that he has made The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Massachusetts the recommendation, because I know it is a matter of wise yield to the gentleman from Illinois? economy. In the recent special election that was held in Massa 1\Ir. MURRAY of Massachusetts. Yes. chusetts we had to meet the proposition that "the South is in Ur. BRITTEN. Has the gentleman any data before him that the saddle " in the control of the Navy Department and of the would indicate the difference in price if the work that he men- various departments of the Government. My colleague [lli. tions had been done· in a private shipbuilding yard? - RoGERS] made a speech a few weeks ago that may be remem Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. No; I have not; but I un bered by some of you, when he pointed to the fact that a derstand-- southe1·n gentleman was in control of this and that nnd the 1\Ir. BRITTEN. The gentleman is satisfied it was done more other department, and he said that the people of New England cheaply at the navy yards? . would not get a square deal in regard to the conduct of these Mr. MURRAY of Massachusetts. I will say to the gentleman governmental activities. l\fr. Chairman, let me briefly say we that it was largely repair work', not construction work. In had Moody of Massachusetts in the Navy Department, we had these cases bids are usually asked for in the first instance for .1\Ieyer of Massachusetts in the Navy Department. Neither one this repair work, and if the bids are lower in the private ship of them would recommend the eqllipment of. the Charlestown, building companies' yards than in the Government yards, it is Mass., yard for shipbuilding purposes; but when we had a the custom, I understand, to allow that work to be done by the southern gentleman, Josephus Daniels, in that department, the private companies. The opening of the Panama Canal will cer recommendation was made: and is now Teported to this Com i.c'linly cause many ships of the Navy to be kept on the west mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union by the coa8t to a greater extent than they have been in the past, and Naval Affairs Committee, and I hope it will soon be enacted into that will cause the repair work on these ships to be done on the law. [Applause.] west coast rather than on the east coast. 1\Ir. Chairman, from the earliest days of American history The time has come, Mr. Chairman, when the very existence of the men of Massachu etts have been interested deeply in ship the navy yard at Charlestown, Mass., and the future of that ping and in shipbuilding. navy yard must be determined. For a great many years-practi Previous to the establishment of the Charlestown Navy Yard cally from the days of the Civil War-the Charlestown Navy a number of ves els had been built in the vicinity of Boston, Yard has been a repair yard rather than a yard for construc several of which subsequently became well known. In the very tion work. The vast amount of work that has been done in that earliest days of the settlement the importance of ships was yard has been done in repairs on ships assigned to Charlestown recognized, and as early as 1629 we find records of six ship as their home station. If some of these ships are taken away wtights ha. ving been sent out from Lond,on. Gov. Winthrop, and kept on the west coast, the Charlestown Navy Yard will who reached Boston Bay in 1630, records in 1631 the launch of not be available for their repair. the Blessing of the Bay, the first ship of the infant colony, The property the Government has there is worth more than and on Augu.st 9 of that year states: " The governor's bark, $16,000,000, and many millions of dollars in addition have been being of 30 tons, went to sea." This small vessel was later expended during the history of the country for maintenance. co~verted into a cruiser against pirates and may, therefore, lay The location of the yard is right at the very head of Boston claun to the honor of having been the first American vessel of Harbor, at the confluence of the Mystic and the Charles Rivers, war. and it takes a very large water-front area right in the most The Massachusetts was built at Germantown, a promontory desirable place, where shipping and commercial activity might in the town of Quincy, in 1789. The frigate Constitution, be had. launched in 1797, was built at Hartt's shipyard on the site Mr. Chairman, if that yard is to be continued only as a repair now known as Constitution Wharf, and the frigate Boston (the yard, certainly it is going to be a place where only a few hun second of that name) was launched fr~m the same yard in 1799. dred workingmen will be employed and .where there will be not It was undoubtedly the work already a~complisbed in ship much industrial activity. There is a tremendous sentiment building, as well as the· importance of the settlement and the against allowing that yard to be given back to private enter facilities offered by the harbor, that suggested Charlestown as a prise and to be used for commercial activities. desirable location for a navy yard. I know that this is so, because since I entered Congress in On January 25, 1797, a resolution was reported from the Naval 1911 the Navy board recommended that the Charlestown Navy Committee of the .House recommending the establishment of Yard should be discontinued and that a great na\al base ought a Government dockyard. There seems to have been no direct to be established at NaiTagansett Bay, R. I. I had my own authority from Congress to purchase a site or build a dockyard; ideas on the matter, and I knew that, from my own personal but, on February 25, 1799, an act was passed authorizing the point of view, that change ought not to be made; but I realized building_ of six ships of war of not less than 74 guns each, and that my duty is to be a Representative in Congress, and so, appropriating $1,000,000 for this purpose. Bon. Benjamin Stod rather than reflect my own personal ideas in regard to the mat dard, then Secretary of the Navy, recommended the purchase ter, I sent out a circular letter to everybody in the district of the site, which was approved by the President. The earliest which I have the honor to represent, asking them for an ex record of the transaction was a letter from the Secretary of pression of opinion as to whether or not this navy yard should the Navy, dated June 2, 1800, to Dr. Aaron Putnam, of Charles be continued or whether the vast area there should be made town-who appears to be the agent selected for negotiating the available for commercial activity ::md for water-front develop purchase-stating : ment. Mr. Chairman, I only state the facts when I say that of It Is desirable, for the purpose of establishing a navy yard for build the thousands of replies I received less than a dozen letters ing ships or vessels of war at or in the vicinity of Boston, to pur chase, on account of the United ~tates, from 10 to 50 acres of land if came back to me favoring the change from a governmental yard it can be obtained on reasonable terms. to a place of commercial activity and private enterprise. The reasons that were given were most varied and most eloquent in And inclosing a list of the property referred to amounting to the expression of a general opinion that that yard ought to be about 47! acres. A later letter from the Secretary to Dr. utilized almost entirely for the Navy. The terms in which Putnam, dated August 13, 1800, states: The President having determined that the 47! acres of ground at tllose letters were expressed were not the naval terms. Per Charlestown described in the plat herewith sent should be purchased for haps they were not couched in the kind of language that the a ship and dock yard, I have the honor to request, upon satisfying your men of the naval board woulQ. use in expressing their ideas, self of the goodness of the titles, you will make the purchase, taking deeds to the United States for same, which, aftet· having recorded, you because the letters were free from technicalities. But reasons will be pleased to send to . me. • • * · · I ·have already· remitted you of almost every kind were given, and it was a ·most inSb.:uctive 10,000 on this account, und will remit the residue when I am informed thing to me to use that referendum method of finding out what you want it. Boston people think about the matter, and I believe it would be In accordance with the above letter the first site of the instructive to the men of this committee if they could read Charlestown yard was purchased, the original purchase amount some of the letters that I received. ing to about 34! ·acres, and· the purchase price being about The time has come, then, when the yard can not be continued $371356. Further purchases were made, as. follows: In 1817, solely as a repair yard, and if it is to be further used as a navy from Isaac Hull, 5,186 square feet, for $3,889.50; in 1862, from yard it must be equipped for shipbuilding purposes; not for Oakman & Eldridge, 115,210! square feet, for $123,100; and in the building of great battleships alone, but far the building of 1867, from A. Hull, 2i perches, for $7,000. The amount pur- 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. .7225 chased, with the :filling in of the marshes and fiats, -made, in Necessat·y retaining walls, cranes, crane runwa-ys, together with pneu matic, electric, water, and steam Jines, would likewise have to be pro~ 1880, 871 acres; and with the extension of harbor line and fur vided. The yard authorities estimated that an expenditure of about ther :filling in sincE! that time makes the present area of the yard $130,000 would provide all equipment and improvements essential to. proper about 111 acres, of which 80 acres are land and 31 acres the fitting up of building ways adequate for the construction of a coll~er. water. The site now reserved for recreation grounds and recom The first commandant of the yard wa.s Capt. (afterwards mended by the above-mentioned board to be used for a third commodore) Samuel Nicholson, who remained in office until dry dock could also ·be utilized ~or building ways for larger his death, December 29, 1811. The records show but very few vessels. Upon the completion of the 1,000-foot dock projected improvements in the yard up to this time. The commandant's by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts the necessity for using house, afterwards the old museum, was built prior to 1808, this space for a dock would be considerably diminished. the exact date not being recorded. There were also erected a Following the history of this yard, we find that one of the brick store, marine barracks, a hospital, a powder magazine, reasons for the original selection of its location was the fact a wharf, and a few temporary shedS. that it had been demonstTated that the necessary facilities and Commodore Bainbridge was the next commandant, and he talent were then at hand. The War of 1812 demonstrated the took a very active interest in the affairs of the yard and fact that the art of shipbuilding had not been lost by the work vicinity, surveying the. harbor and recommending improve men in that vicinity. Again, during the Civil War the resources ments, but the appropriations were very meager, the expendi of the yard were severely taxed and the response was such that tures for accommodations and improvements at the yard in the Nation may feel that high ~nterest was paid on the money 1811 and 1812 amounting to but $5,742.43, although during invested. the year 1812 13 vessels received repairs amounting to $245,- During the latter period as high as 5,000 men were employed, 225.13. The first vessel launched at the yard was the sloop of although the facilities were not half what they are to-day. We war F1·olic, on September 11, 1813, and the next was the :find at the present time that a varying force of from 1,300 to Independence, on September 22, 1814, and from that time up to 1,800 men is employed, not half utilizing the increased industrial the commencement of the Civil War 21 vessels in all were facilities. The effect of this variation in the working force is launched at the yard. bad in every way-for the employees in having irregular em Among these were several of historic fame-the Cumberland, ployment, breeding dissatisfaction and frequently causing dis which was sunk by the Confederate ironclad Virginia--Merri tress to honest, hard-working men; for the Government, loss of mac-in Hampton Roads in .March, 1862; the Merrimac, the efficiency, due to deterioration of plant and force, owing to lack :first steam frigate launched for our Navy was . built at the of work and the dissatisfaction of employees. The history of yard in 1854-55. The history of this vessel need hardly be told this yard calls for some consideration for its employees. One of to any American-how she was left at the navy yard, Norfolk, the means of maintaining a steady working force is by having in 1861, and converted by the Confederates into an ironclad new construction work (shipbuilding) done at the yard, and it and created such havoc with our vessels until she was de would be to the interest of the Government to place such work feated by the little Monitor in 1862 and was afterwards de at the yard instead of doing it by outside contract, even if the stroyed by the Confederates. price was higher. But when bids were opened in December, On January 1, 1858, the keel of the historic ship Hartford, 1913, for a supply ship, the bid of the Charlestown Navy Yard the flagship of Admiral Farragut, was laid, and she was was found to be below all others, na_vy yards or private estab launched in November of that year. lishments. The cost of improvements at the yard up to 1859, including To build this vessel at the yard it will be necessary to pro the cost of site and dry dock No.1, which was built in 1827-1833, vide a building slip, for which a site is available, as stated amounted to $3,671,521. . · above, and a provision for this purpose appropriating $148,000 During the Civil War there was great activity at the yard, has been inserted in the pending naval appropriation bill. This and between 1861 and 1866 39 vessels of war were built and 43 will mean a permanent improvement to the yard. with prac purchased vessels were equipped; the number of vessels re tically no expense to the GoYernment, as the bid of this yard for paired, provisioned, and so forth, is up in the hundreds. At the supply ship in question was more than this amount below times there were as many as 5,000 men employed. The Monad that of any private firm. noel(;, a double-turreted monitor, launched in 1864, was the first When the Panama· Canal is opened and the fleet passes vessel of the kind to go from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, through to the Pacific coast, the amount of repair work ·for the atriving at Mare Island in 1866, and being afterwards rebuilt yards on this side will be greatly reduced, and it is vital to the and converted into the vessel now of the same name. interests of the Boston yard that they should have other work In 1874 the iron torpedo boat Intt·epid was launched at the to keep the men employed. The Government can not afford to yard and was the first vessel of that kind added to our Navy. have these men scattered and the force disorganized, and surely From 1832 to 1880, inclusive, $10,618,716 was expended for the record of Massachusetts men who have built so many of general maintenance of the yard. This does not include the the vessels that have made Americans proud of their Navy expenditures on ships built or repaired or pay of workmen deserves some consideration. [Applause.] employed on them. Only one vessel,. a small training ship, the Mr. PADGETT. I will ask the gentleman from .Missouri [Mr. Cumberland, has been built at the yard since that time. HENSLEY] to consume the remainder of his time. From 1880 until about 1900 very little was done to improve the buildings in the yard, but ~rom 1900 on until the present Mr. HENSLEY. I yield the balance of my time to the gen time remodeling and building has been continuous. tleman from .Mississippi [Mr. WITHERSPOON]. The estimated value of the property on June 30, 1913, was Mr. BUTLER. Before the gentleman yields, I wish to say that $16,211,678. This includes only the property, buildings, and on the Republican side there remain about 40 :llinutes, and the plant in the yard proper, and not the value of the hospital and gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. FARB] will follow the other outlying branches of the station. gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. WITHERSPOON]. He will occupy The old ship houses have been razed and modern shops or 12 minutes, and I desire to give the !>alance of the time, 28 buildings have taken their places. . With the addition of a few minutes, to the chairmah of the committee. [1\fr. PADGETT]. large tools the yard· would be fitted for a first-class repair sta Mr. DYER. Will the gentleman yield two minutes to me tion. The capacity for such work would be limited, however, before that? · by the berthing space, and as any extended increase in this .Mr. BUTLER. Yes. The chairman of the Committ~ on space would not only require very heavy expenditures, but Naval Affairs, to whom I agreed to assign the time, says that would conflict with the maritime interests of the port, develop he will cheerfully· give the gentleman two minutes. So I will ment in this line would be difficult. If therefore the full ca then yield 26 minutes to the gentleman from Tennessee, the pacity of the yard is to lie utilized, shipbuilding must be resorted chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs. to, and fortunately the yard is susceptible to su~h development The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Mississippi [.Mr. without extravagant expenditure. WITHERSPOON] is recognized for 1 hour and 17 minutes. A recent report of the board of inspections for shore stations Mr. WITHERSPOON. Mr. Chairman, I feel that I ought to contains the following statements in regard to the facilities at apologize to th~ House for trespassing any longer on your pa hand for s_uch development : tience, because I have had more than my share of the time The yard possesses an ava.ilable site for building ways. This site ·is already. · situated between the t>hip fitters' shop and the electrical shop, the latter building being also used as a storage house for electrical supplies as Mr. KEATING. Mr. Chairman, I make the point of no quo well as for the storage of anchors and chains. At the head of the rum. I think we should have a quorum here to listen to Judge projected ways is the forge shop, and only. a few hundred feet to the WITHERSPOON. westward Is the group of shops of the machinery division. As regards therefore its relative location to the principal industrial shops of the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from _Colorado makes the yard the site possesses distinct advantages. point of no quorum. .l7226 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE, APRIL '24, :Mr. ·P.ADGETT. Thope 'fue ·gentleman :will-not insist on that. quest and under the ffirectlon ~f lhe 'Na'rn.l A:frn.irs rOommittee, n -will take half an hour, and J.t will make 'Judge WITHERSPOON~ a and we brew from ·observation what 'tlrnt boat cun do. There speech -rather late lin rthe oda.y. bad 'been -some question raised a:s ·to whether 1:he annor-piercing Mr. KEA"TING. i think it is 'tJUite essential, Mr. 'Chairman, s'hells rthat we use aTe -effectrre. We ·are spending ·mllllcms of thai we £ave :a :qnm~nm ·here ·when .J'ud:ge W:r'DHEBSPOON nd- dollars for them, and have been for many years, and some '<;[n~s ll.resses the Oommittee uf the W:.hole. tion has been rmsed.n-s to whether tt is un etieeen the result!.., He B.rockson Gardner Lee, Ga. ..Rauch 'Said, ""It -would lmrve heen put ·out of action." I ·asked .him ~~~~~d · gli~{f . ~~~{;; li~~i~m.e?fass. . lb:o:w long it ·would ha-v.e talren the Ta.na1taMee to ;put ·the :dread- Browne, Wis. -Gilmore !Lennoot Rucker naught out tof action if it had !been in .the place 0f ;a :target, and Bruckner Godwln,.N. c. Lesher 'M~f~ey ~ ·saiCI, "A vecy short w..hile." 'Brumbaugh Gold!ogle ~!derqut~s, t Sherw"o"' Admiral Vreeland told us that the OregoJ:t and the llnaian.a 'Burke, Po.. Goodwin, Ark. tl.U.ll' v u n~rl +h Ma 1 ,,..,.ts :ffi Bu:r.ke, Wis. Goulden :Lobe.ck S.lu'tWe a..u.u " e ssao UJ.SD-11 were .morre e cient ships than the T-aUa- .Burnett Graham. Pa. Loft ·smith, Ma. 'Aas~;ee is. •'J:lhrut is tthe testimony .of ·th-ese naval -experts, •upen .Byrnes, S.C. Green, Iowa 1Logue Smith, 3'. M. C., ·wnom the Secretary Df the .Navy says that he relies. Calder Qrlest MeClelllm Sm.tth, N. X. '!I...T Campbell Griffin · ..McCoy .Spa:rkman \oi.'IOW, I want FOlil to understand .also .that while they come ·Candler, Miss. Gudger iMcDexmott Stanley m.exe and tell tyou that the ·Or'Bf!Dn :an£1 the Inaia1ta and the 2:n~ {i~~sey ~~:-!re, Oklll. ~:;ins, N~ H. . Af,gssa(}ht£8etts a;re old, obsolete, worn :out, inefficient ·shiJJS, that ·Carew Hamilton, N. Y. !Maher Switzer 1 !the Navy De.pa.rtment does net .exclude them .from ~omparison Carlin Hardwick 'Mana1lan ~gart · 1n com.]lating nudes ron the ground .that they axe old, .obsolete, ;?~ier ir~~~ ~~n ~Y~~lft a-nd inefficient. It states plainly and .clearly lin the Navy Year- Chandler, N. ~ Hay :Merritt ~ache:r book the reason why it excludes them. .Jt is under an arbitracy Clancy ~:~ Metz Towner rule that they have 1\Ir. WITHERSPOON. Mr. Chairman, I will not have time to large superiority over the German fleet. The following table yield to my friend to make a speech. gives the number of each type of guns and the muzzle energy 1\Ir. GRAHAM of Illinois. But my inquiry is not a speech. of each gun, and the total muzzle energy of all the guns on the It is a question. 20 German battleships and on the 25 American battleships, as Mr. WITHERSPOON. I thought the gentleman was making follows: a statement. What is the gentleman's question? Ame1·ican predreadnaught gtms--inw~:zle energy. .Mr. GRAHAM of Illinois. My question was whether the Foot-tons. 32 13-inch 35-caliber, muzzle energy 40,388------1, 292, 416 armor-piercing shell does not depend largely, if not entirely, for 6 12-inch 35-callber, muzzle energy 26,596------159, 576 its destructive power upon penetration and explosion after 40 g-~nc~ 40-cal~ber, muzzle energy 40,768------1, 630, ':"20 32 - nc 35-caliber, muzzle energy 48,948------1, 566, 336 penetration? 40 8-inch 40-caliber, muzzle energy 7,948______317, 920 Mr. WITHERSPOON. Yes; it does entirely. 104 8-inch 45- caliber, muzzle energy 13,360------1, 389, 440 Mr. GRAHAM of Illinois. To what distance will it penetrate 88 7-inch 45-caliber, muzzle energy 8,338______733, 744 before exploding? 42 6-inch 40-caliber, muzzle energy 3,365______141, 330 Mr. WITHERSPOON. That depends altogether upon the 108 6-inch 50-caliber, muzzle energ! 4,920------531, 360 shell and the gun. Some of them will penetrate a great deal 492 guns, total muzzle energy ______7, 762, 842 farther than others. Big guns will have a longer range than German predreadnaught guns-muzzle energy. smaller ones. Foot-tons. Mr. GRAHAM of Illinois. I mean the largest ones. 140 6.7-inch 40-caliber, muzzle energy 8,275------1,158, 500 Mr. WITHERSPOON. My recollection is that the table shows 160 5.9-lnch 40-callber, muzzle energy 5,335______853,600 20 9.4-inch 40-cal~ber, muzzle energy 16,835______337,100 that the 14-inch gun has a penetration of 14 inches at 12,000 20 9.4-lnch 40-cahber, muzzle energy 22,215______444, 300 yards. 40 11-inch 40-caliber, muzzle energy 35,270------1, 410, 800 Mr. GRAHAM of Illinois. Take the Battle of Santiago. The 380 guns, total muzzle energy ______4, 204, 300 01·egon, as well as some others of our ships, poured shot after 7,762,842-4,204,300=3,558,542 in favor of United States. shot into the Spanish ships and did not sink one. How was If we should here rejuggle the figures and place the Westfalen, that? Mr. WITHERSPOON. Simply because they did not hit them Nassau, Posen, and Rheinland back in the battJeship class by in the right place. adding their muzzle energy to that of the other 20 German Mr. GRAHA.l\1 of Illinois. Oh, yes; they hit them nearly battleships, then they would have a total muzzle energy of everywhere. Then the Spaniards ran the ships aground. 6,101,740 foot-tons, or only 1,661,102 foot-tons less than the 25 Mr. WITHERSPOON. There were no ships sunk in the American battleships, but this would Jessen the muzzle energy Spanish-American War or in the Japanese War--, of the German dreadnaught fleet 1,897,440 foot-tons, and there Mr. GRAHA.l\I of Illinois (interrupting). Oh, yes. fore displease those who want more dreadnaughts. They pre , Mr. WITHERSPOON. Excuse me. fer to make the American predreadnaught fleet appear to be . Mr. GRAHAM of illinois. I beg the gentleman's pardon. twice as great as that of the Germans, in order to make our Mr. WITHERSPOON. I can not yield any further. I was dreadnaught list look as small as possible. going to answer the gentleman's question. Having compared those parts of the two fleets consisting of 1\Ir. GRAHAM of Illinois. Has the gentleman read Capt. battleships and shown that the American fleet of battleships is Semenoff's history of the Battle of the Yellow Sea? about twice as powerful as the Germans, let us now compare Mr. WITHERSPOON. I can not yield any more. I have the dreadnaughts of the two navies in respect to the weight of the metal in their broadsides and in respect to their muzzle not the time. Mr. GRAHA.l\I of Tilinois. I am sorry the gentleman's infor- energy. The weight of the metal in their broadsides is shown mation is not more accurate. in the following table : Mr. WITHERSPOON. Mr. Chairman, we have in the pre Weight of metal in bt·oadside Amerioan dreadnaught guns. dreadnaught fleet of America 492 guns-thirty-two 13-inch guns, Pounds. seventy-eight 12-inch guns, one hundred and forty-four 8-inch 80 12-lnch guns-shells, 870 pounds______69, 600 guns, eighty-eight 7-inch guns, and one hundred and fifty 6-inch 64 14-inch guns-shells, 1,400 ponnds------89, 600 guns. That makes a total of 492, and the total weight of a H4 W~MO broadside from all of those guns is 171,730 pounds. The Ger German. Pounds. 48 11-lnch guns-shells, 661 pounds------31, 728 mans have a total of 380 guns, 112 guns less than we have, and 138 12-inch guns-shells, 860 pounds ______118, 680 a broadside from those guns weighs 80,920 pounds. In other 16 15-inch guns-shells, 1,676 pounds------26, 816 words, it weighs 90,810 pounds less than a broadside from the American battleships, or the American broadside is 11,000 202 177.224 pounds more than twice as great as the German broadside. I 177,224 pounds minus 159,200 pounds equal 18,024 pounds In favor refer now to the battleship fleet. of the German. The muzzle energy of American dreadnaughts. A merican pt·eareadnaught fleet, tce·ight of tnetaJ in broadside. Foot-tons. Pounds. 24 12-inch guns-muzzle energy, 52,483------1, 259, 592 32 13-inch projectiles, 1,130 pounds------36, 160 56 12-inch guns-muzzle energy, 48,948 ______2, 741, 088 78 12-inch projectiles, 870 poundS------67, 860 64 14-inch. guns-muzzle energy, 65,606------4, 198, 784 144 8-inch projectiles, 260 pounds------37, 440 88 7-inch projectiles, 165 pounds------14, 520 144 Total------8,199,464 150 6-inch projectiles, 105 pounds------15, 750 The muzzle energy of Get·man dreadnaughts. Foot-tons. 48 11-inch gnns-muzzle energy, 39,530 ______1, 897, 440 492 guns, total weight of metaL------171, 730 138 12-inch guns-muzzle energy, 45,500 ______5, 979, 000 German predreadnaught fleet~ weight of metal in broadside. 16 15-inch guns- muzzle energy, 90,350------1, 445, 600 Pounds. ~02 Total------9,322,040 40 9.4-inch projectiles, 419 pounds------16, 760 9,322,040 foot-tons minus 8,199,464 foot-tons equal 1,289,136 foot 160 5.9-inch projectiles, 101 pounds------16, 160 tons in favor of the German dreadnaughts. 40 11-inch projectiles, 661 pounds------26, 440 140 6.7-Inch projectiles, 154 pounds------21, 560 I am counting among the dreadnaughts these four ships armed with 11-inch guns, and I have this result, that we have a broad 380 guns, total weight of metaL------80,920 side from our dreadnaught fleet of 159,200 pounds and from the 171,730-80,920=90,810 excess of American over German. German fleet 177,224 pounds; in other words, they have a supe Compare those two parts of the fleets as to muzzle energy. riority over us of about 17,000 pounds. Counting those four The same guns give a muzzle energy to the American fleet of ships that I claim ought to be in the battleship class as dread 7,762,842 foot-tons, while the Germans have a muzzle energy of naughts, if you put tbem where tbey ought to be, tben the 4,202,300 foot-tons. In other words, we exceed them in muzzle broadside from the German dreadnaught fleet would be about energy by 3,558,542 foot-tons, or nearly twice as much as theirs. 15,000 or 16,000 pounds less than ours. Of course you can make Of course, that depends on what you put in the battleship class either one or the other the greater by juggling the figures. It is and the dreadnaught class. If you take these four German an easy matter to make either our dreadnaughts or theirs supe battleships which I have· discussed out of the dreadnaught rior, according to the way you arrange the ships. class and put them back where they belong in the battleship Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. Will the gentleman yield? class, then it would give the muzzle energy of the German bat Mr. WITHERSPOON. Yes, sir. tleships at 6,101,740 foot-tons, or, in other words, leave us Mr. KELLEY of .Michigan. Does not the gentleman think, ahead of them only 1,666,102 foot-tons. When you take so speaking of the German dreadnaughts, that the battle cruisers many of the German ships out of the first class and put them ought to be counted as dreadnaughts? in the second it makes ours over twice as great as theirs, but Mr. WITHERSPOON. No; because the battleship crowd have when you arrange them as they should be, it still gives us a divided the Navy into three classes-battleships, dreadnaughts, 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE: 7231 and cruisers-and I am discussing it in the very way that the Kow, you take and compare the two in muzzle energy. The battleship crowd bas arranged it. Now, the gentleman wants to total muzzle energy of our 39 battleships is 15,.962,306 foot-tons. mix them up. I noticed my distinguished friend from Michigan The total muzzle energy of the German 39 battleships is the other day, in making his speech, when he comp~red the 13,526,340 foot-tons, and giving us an excess in muzzle energy American Navy with the @erman Navy took 19 of their dread between our 39 battleships and their 39 battleships of 2,435,066 naughts and then the gentleman took 7 of their cruisers and foot-tons. added them together, making 26, and then he compared all of Now, having compared all the battleships, I come to the ar those taken from the ·two classes with our dreadnaughts. Now, mored cruiser, which is the next in order, and you will find I tried to illustrate the other day that it was not fair when that a broadside from the 15 American armored cruisers weighs you are going to compare a horse with a do~ey just to t~k~ the 38,790 potmds, and from the German cruisers, including battle e:trs of the animals [laughter], but my friend from Michigan cruisers and all, it is 66,536, or an excess of 27,746 po~ds has done worse than that. He has gotten up two donkeys and over ours. The cruiser fleet of Germany is superior to ours. taken the ears of both of them and compared them with the It is larger. It has more guns and has more muzzle energy American dreadnaughts. [Laughter.] and the broadside has more pounds in it. But if you were Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. Well, Mr. Chairman, have we any just going to compare th~se cruisers alone and determine it on ships in our Navy that are comparable with those seven battle that, if you think that the strength of a fleet consists in ·ar cruisers which I classed as dreadnaught cruisers? mored cruisers, then you ought not to pass this bill. You Mr. WITHERSPOON. Yes; we have many ships in our ought to strike these battleships out and tell your committee to Navy that would destroy them in a short time. They are not go and bring in a bill here with cruisers in it. But all of our made to fight; they are made to run; their speed is about 30 naval officers tell us that the armored cruiser and the battle knots an hour. cruiser is not the fighting ship that the battleship is, and for Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. With all big guns? that reason they do not build them. We did build armored Mr. WITHERSPOON. Their armor is thin. Why, they have cruisers for a good many years. We spent $66,000,000 on them, no more big guns than our ships have. but onr experts decided they were not a good investment, and .1\fr. KELLEY of Michigan. They have all big guns. we have ceased to build them. Now, since we have ceased to Mr. WITHERSPOON. Suppose they have; they are very build them and Germany continues to build them, the prop.osi few. Why, they have not as many big guns-- tion is to compare the two fleets by showing that Germany has Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. Ten or twelve big guns on a ship. a larger armored-cruiser fleet than we have. Mr. WITHERSPOON. On a ship. On the American pre Now, taking th~ muzzle energy of our armored cruisers, dreadnaught class does the gentleman know how many big guns it amounts to 2,203,630 foot-tons. Taking the German, it we have? Tell the House, if the gentleman knows. amounts to 4,185,480 foot-tons. But I submit to you that the .Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. I do not know exactly how many. fair thing to do is to compare the entire fleets, and I ask Mr. WITHERSPOON. Well, I know exactly how many. We your attention now while I give yon the figures showing the have one hundred and ten 12 and 13 inch guns on our battle muzzle energy of all the American armored ships and all the ship fleet. How many have they on the battle cruisers-tell the German ships. Our American predreadnaughts, dreadnaughts, House. · and cruisers have a total muzzle eLergy of 18,155,930 foot-tons; Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. The point I wanted to make to that of the Germans, including my friend's battle cruisers, is the gentleman f-rom Mississippi is that in discussing these ships 17,711,820 foot-tons. In other words, the American exceeds that he ought at least to call the attention of the House to the fact of the German in muzzle energy by 444,110 foot-tons. Now, you that these seven battle cruisers are a different class from the take the broadsides and compare the entire fleet in that respect. ordinary armored cruisers in our Navy. The American battleships, dreadnaughts, and cruisers have a :M:r. WITHERSPOON. Well, I have not gotten to the cruis broadside with a weight of 369,490 pounds ; the Germans, 325,536 ers; I am discussing dreadnaughts. I will come to them and I pounds, or the total weight of the metal in a broadside of our will discuss them in due time, but I do not like to mix things fleet exceeds the total weight of the metal in a broadside of the up. I can not discuss everything at one time. Now, in this German fleet by 45,954 pounds. [Applause.] dreadnaught eomparison I want to call attention to the muzzle The CHA.IRl\lA.N. The time of the gentleman from Missis- energy of the American dreadnaught and the German dread sippi has expired. " naught. :Mr. WITHERSPOON. M:r. Chairman, I would like to have The table shows that we have 144 guns on our dreadnaughts, permission to extend my remarks in the REcoRD. with a muzzle energy of 8,199,464 foot-tons, and that the Ger The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the gentleman's mans have 9,322,044 foot-tons. That gives the Germans an request? excess in the muzzle energy of their dreadnaughts of 1,122,576, There was no objection. counting in those four ships that I say really are battleships. Mr. PADGETT. Mr. Chairman, I move that the committee Now, if you take them out it makes the muzzle energy of. our do now rise. dreadnaughts exceed the muzzle energy of the German dread The motion was agreed to. naughts 774,864 tons. That is the comparison. I submit to Accordingly the committee rose; and the Speaker having re-. this House that it is not a fair comparison to divide fleets up sumed the chair, Mr. GARBETT of Tennessee, Chairman of the into parts and then compare the parts. You can not tell any Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, thing about that, and I was struck when I examined the British reported that that committee had had under consideration the Naval Annual to see that that great authority-and it is re bill H. R. 14034, the naval appropriation bill, and had come to garded a.s the highest of all the naval authorities, I think, by no resolution thereon. naval officers--does not classify ·them like we do, but it puts down all the battleships and dreadnaughts and armored cruis CORRECTION OF THE RECOBD. ers and battle cruisers in one long alphabetical list, so that you M:r. DYER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to have can see how many there are altogether. That is the way they printed in the REcoRD a letter signed by the Clerk of the House compare it. in reference to a correction in the RECORD. Mr. WILLIAMS. Will the gentleman yield? The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Missouri [Mr. DYER] ]'}lr. WITHEASPOON. Yes; I yield. asks unanimous consent to have printed in the RECORD a letter Mr. WILLIAMS. Suppose that what the gentleman says is about a correction of the RECORD. Is there objection? all h·ue, that our Navy is in these respects superior to that of There was no objection~ Germany; just conceding for tlle sake of argument that that is Following is the letter referred to : true, what does that prove, and how does that militate against HOUSE OF R~RESE...'IT.iTIVES, this bill? CLERK'S OFFICE, Mr. WITHERSPOON. You are trying to get me into some Wa.shingtor~, D. 0., April 22, 19.V,. thing I have not reached. Hon. L. C. DYER, 1\Ir.. WILLIAMS. What are you talking about, then? Washington, D. 0. Mr. WITHERSPOON. I am comparing these two navies Sm: On March 21, 1914, the following brief appeared by mista.ke now. I have compared the predreadnaught fleet and the dread in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD under the head of petitions: "By Mr. DYER: Petitions of 25,533 citizens of St. Louis, Mo., favoring national naught fleet separately. Now I want to present the comparison prohibition ; to the Committee on the Judiciary." to you, combining the two, and that shows that a broadside It was discovered the next day that this petition EXTENSION OF REMARKS. The SPEAKER announced his signature to enrolled bill of Mr. LEVY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to extend the following title: my remnrks on the privileged question that was discussed this S. 6~6. An act grantin.g to the trustees of the diocese of Mon morning by inserting a few letters and telegrnms. tana of the Protestant Episcopal Church for the benefit of The SPEAKER. The. gentleman from New York [Mr. LEVY] :'Christ Church o~ the Hill," at Poplar, M~nt., Jots 5, 6, and 7 asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks ih the REcoRD m block 30, town s1te of Poplar, State of Montana. on the privileged question discussed this morning. Is there ENROLLED DILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT FOR HIS APPROVAL. objection? Mr. GORDON. Reserying the right to object, Mr. Speaker, Mr. ASHBROOK, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills what are these things about? This rate proposition? reported that this day they had presented to the President of. Mr. LEVY. Yes. the United States, for his approval, the following bills: · Mr. GORDON. I object, Mr. Speaker. H. R 13453. An act making appropriations for the support of The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio objects. the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915; and H. R. 15906. An act providing an appropriation for the relief . CAPT. WILLIAM 0. KEAS. and transportation of American citizens in Mexico. 1\Ir. J. M. C. SMIT:a. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent NAVAL STATION, NEW ORLEANS, LA. to _speak of a young man from my district who was wounded yesterday in battle at Vera Cruz, Mexico. Mr. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I af;ik unanimous consent to . The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. J. M. C. call up House joint resolution 253, which was passed this SMITH] asks unanimous consent to address the House. Is morning, with a Senate amendment, amending the title and there objection? · move to concur in the Senate amendment. ' There was no objection. Mr.. STAFFORD. I hope, Mr. Speaker; the gentleman will Mr. J. M. C. SMITH. Mr. Speaker, among the marines not brmg that up to-night. There are only 25 Members here landed yesterday at Vera Cruz, Mexico, was Capt. William 0. at the present time. . Keas, chief turret captain on the battleship South Oat·olina. Mr. PADGETT. It is only to amend the title. The resolu He was a resident of Hillsdale, in the third congressional dis tion was passeq in the House this morning by unanimous con trict of Michigan, which I have the honor to now represent. sent, and in the Senate by unanimous consent. It is a measure Capt. Keas served on the South Oamlina. He was the first, incident to this Mexican trouble and it is only amending the or one of the first three, from the State of Michigan to shed title. ' blood in the present war with Mexico. He is of most exemplary Mr. STAFFORD. It is only a technical correction? character. He belongs to one of the first families of Hillsdale. Mr. PADGETT. That is all. His father is the present sheriff of his county. He is a distin The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the guished officer-brave, fearless, and patriotic. He was wounded gentleman from Tennessee? under the flag. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. 'rhe Clerk will report the amendment. Whatever the result of that war may be, I am sure that The Senate amendment was read. the people and the citizens of the State of Michigan will do Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, what is the amendment? their full share to support the dignity and add luster to the 1\fr. PADGETT. It amends the title to the resolution that banner of our country; and in the end we shall recei\e not only was passed this morning. the plaudits of the world, but we shall take such advanced Mr. FITZGERALD. Putting a title to it? position, and our course will be so beneficial to civilization, Mr. PADGETT. Yes. that this war will go down in history as one of the most humane The SPEAKER. Is there objection? and beneficent that was ever waged on the American Continent. 1\Ir. FITZGERALD. One moment. What is the purpose of Let us all hope for his speedy recovery, and that his young this resolution? life may be extended to many years of usefulness and honor in Mr. PADGETT. The resolution is to make available certain his own beloved land. [Applause.] funds of unobligated balances of appropriations that had here EXTENSION OF REMARKS. tofore been made for the naval station at New Orleans, making Mr. JOHNSON of South Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan them available for purposes incident to this present trouble. imous consent to extend my remarks in the RECORD. It passed this morning by unanimous ·consent, and it has The SPEAKER. The gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. passed the Senate ; and this is to amend the title. JoHNSON] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the Mr. FITZGERALD. I ask that the gentleman let it go RECORD. Is there objection? over for the present. Mr. STAFFORD. Reserving the right to object, Mr. Speaker, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York [Mr. Frrz- on what subject does the gentleman propose to extend his GERALD] objects. remarks? 1\ir. FITZGERALD. It is a deficiency appropriation. Mr. JOHNSON of South Carolina. In regard to one of the Mr. PADGETT. It has already passed the House. sailors that was killed at Vera Cruz. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York objects. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. FITZGERALD. I ask that the gentleman withhold it There was no objection. now and take it up in the morning. · · Mr. PADGETT. The department was anxious to get it MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. through. A message from the Senate, by Mr. Tulley, one of its clerks, Mr. FITZGERALD. I have no doubt about the attitude of announced that the Senate had agreed to the amendments of the department, Mr. Speaker. This, however, is a deficiency the House of Representatives to the bill ( S. 3403) to abolish appropriation. The present situation is not one in which we the office of receiver of public moneys at Springfield, Mo., and should be slipshod in our methods of appropriating the public for other purposes. money. There are some things of importance whic)l Hlwuld be The message also announced that the Senate had passed with attended to and looked after here regardless ot the wish of the amendment the following joint resolution: department. So far as I am concerned, I propose that the House shall not relax its vigilance in the control of the public House joint resolution 253. money. Whatever is needed in reference to the present emer Resolved, etc., That the unexpended balances of appropriations here tofore m&de for the naval station, New Orleans, La., and not yet gency I am sure will be granted. It will not hurt to let this turned back into the Treasury, ar~ hereby reappropriated and made avail resolution wait until to-morrow. able for expenditure at that station for such purpose as the Secretarr Mr. PADGETT. ·n has already passed the House. of the Navy may direct. Mr. FI'rZGERALP· It would ~Qt have passed the Ho.use if ENROLLED RILLS SIGNED. I had been present. I was engaged in committee on other 1\lr. ASHBROOK, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re business. · . ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills ADJOURNMENT. of the following titles, when the Speaker signed the same: H. R.15906. An act providing an appropriation for the relief . Mr. PADGETT. Very well. I wil~ withhold it until to and transportation of .American citizens in Mexico; morrow morning. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now H. R.13453. An act maldng appropriations for the support of ~~a . - the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1915; and The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. H. R. 7138. An act to provide for· raising the Volunteer forces PADGETT] withdraws his request, and moyes that the House do of the United States in time of actual or threatened war. now adjour_n. _The question is on agreeing to that motion. 1914. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 7233 The motion was agreed to; accordingly . (at 6 o'clock ·and 8 By l\Ir. FERRIS: A bill (H. R. 159 3) to restore homestead minutes p. rn.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Saturday, rights in certain case ; to the Committee on the Public Lands. April 25, 1914, at 12 o'clock noon. Also, a bill (H. R. 15984) authorizing the Secretary of War to donate condemned cannon and balls; to the Committee on Military Affairs. REPORTS OF COUl\!I'ITEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND By Mr. H.Al\L\10ND: A bill (H. R. 15985) to authorize the RESOLUTIONS. . city of Mankato, in Blue Earth County, l\linn., to construct a Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, bills and resolutions were sev darn across the Minnesota River; to the Committee on Inter erally reported from committees, delivered to the Clerk, and state and Foreign Commerce. referred to the several calendars therein named, as follows: By Mr. SAB.ATH: A bill (H. R. 15986) to prohibit the trans l\1r. FLOYD of Arkansas, from the Committee on the Judi mission through the mails of false statements in writing for ciary, to which was referred the resolution (H. Res. 341) direct the procuring of credit thereon; to the Committee on the Post ing the House to determine whether certain officers and agents Office and Post Roads. of the National Association of Manufacturers have not been By Mr. CRAMTON: A bill (H. R. 15987) to amend section guilty of practices rendering them liable to punishment for con 3646 of the Revised Statutes of the United States as reenacted tempt, repol'ted the same without amendment, accompanied by a and amended by act of February 23, 1909; to the Committee report (No. 571), which said resolution and report were referred on Invalid Per..sions. to the House Calendar. · By Mr. SINNOTT: A bill (H. R. 15988) granting to the city He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the of Klamath Falls, Oreg., certain unsurveyed lands for park pur resolution (H. Res. 342) directing the House to determine poses; to the Committee on the Public Lands. whether, under the report of the select committee on lobby in By 1\fr. OLDFIELD: A bill (H. R. 15989) to revise and amend vestigation , Representative JAMES THOMAS McDERMOTT has the laws relating to patents; to the Committee on Patents. not been shown to be guilty of di graceful and dishonorable By Mr. MURDOCK: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 255) author misconduct and venality rendering him unworthy of a seat in izing the Secretary of State to extend invitations to other na the House, and justly liable to expulsion from the same, re tions to send representatives to the International Dry Farming ported the same without amendment, · accompanied by a report Congress, to be held at Wichita, Kans., October 7 to 17, inclusive, (No. 572), which said resolution and report were referred to the 1914; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. House Calendar. By Mr. HAYDEN: Resolution (H. Res. 493) authorizing the l\Ir. GRIFFIN, from the Committee on 1\filitay Affairs, to printing of 3,000 copie · of Chapter XV of the l\Iilitary Policy of which was referred the resolution ( S. J. Res. 121) authorizing the United States, entitled "The Military Policy of the United the Secretary of War to furnish one United States garrison flag States during the Mexican War"; to the Committee on Print to William B. Cushing Camp, No. 30, Sons of Veterans, re ing. ported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1$78), which said resolution and report were referred to the PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIO~S. Committee of the WhDle House on the state of the Union. 1\lr. KENT, from the Committee on the Public Lands, to Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions which was referred the resolution (H. J. Res. 250) authorizing were introduced and severally referred as follows: the Secretary of the Interior to make an approximate classifica By Mr. BAILEY: A bill (H. R. 15990) for the relief of tion of the unresen·ed unappropriated public lands of the United Thomas Amick; to the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs. States, reported the same without amendment, accompanied By l\fr. BARTHOLDT: A bill (H. R. 15991) granting a pen by a report (No. 579), which said resolution and report were re sion to John E. Colvin; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ferred to the House Calendar. By Mr. BATHRICK: A bill (H. R. 15992) granting an in crease of pension to Daniel P. Holcomb; to the Committee on Im·alid Pensions. By l\Ir. BORLAND: A bill (H. R. 15993) granting an in REPORTS OF CO~!l\IITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. crease of pension to Wilson Rounds; to the Committee on In valid Pensions. Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, By Mr. BUCHANAN of Texas: A bill (H. R. 15994) for the Mr. O'HAIR, from the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs, to relief of Louis Boerner ; to the Committee on Claims. which was referred the resolution (H. J. Res. 241) for the ap .Also, a bill (H. R. 15995) for the relief of ex-Collector of pointment of four members of the Board of Managers of the Internal Revenue Webster Flanagan; to the Committee on National Horne for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, reported the Claims. same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 577), By Mr. BYRNS of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 15996) granting which said resolution and report were referred to the Private an increase of pension to Frances Dewese; to the Committee on Calendar. Invalid Pensions. By l\Ir. CULLOP: A bill (H. R. 15997) to correct the military CHANGEJ OF REFERENCE. record of Andrew B. Ritter; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committees were discharged By Mr. CLAYPOOL: A bill (H. R. 159D8) granting an in from the consideration of the following bills, which were re crease of pension to Nicholas Scholl; to the Committee on ferred as follows : Invalid Pensions. A bill (H. R. 11411) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. CRAMTON : A bill (H. R. 15999) granting a pension Charles W. Malsom; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged. to Sarah Putnam; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and referred to the Committee on Pensions. By l\Ir. DERSHEM: A bill (H: R. 16000) for the relief of A bill (H. R. 12863) granting a pension to Tony Jud; Com John W. Graham; to the Committee on Military Affairs. mit-tee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and referred to the Com By Mr. GUERNSEY: A bill (H. R. 16001) grunting an i.n mittee on Pensions. crea e of pension to Francis E. Strout; to the Committee on A bill (H. R. 1575) granting a pension to Emma L. Wallace; Invalid Pensions. Committee on Im·alid Pensions discharged, and referred to the By Mr. HART: A bill (H. R. 16002) granting an increase of Committee on Pensions. pension to Gilbert J. Jackson; to the Committee on Invalid A bill (H. R. 10986) granting an increase of pension to An Pensions. drew Houlihan; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, By l\Ir. LANGLEY: A bill (H. R.- 16003) granting a pension and referred to the Committee on Pensions. to Vina Herd; to the Committee on Pensions. A bill (H. R. 15783) granting an increase of pension to l\fae By Mr. LEE of Georgia: A bill (H. R. 16004) granting a W. McClure; Committee on Invalid Pensions discharged, and pension to Caroline Philpot; to the Committee on Pensions. referred to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 16005) for tbe relief of Martin Ball, heir of Stephen Ball, deceased; to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. LINTHICUM: A bill (H. R. 16006) granting a pen PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, ~"TI MEMORIALS. sion to Myrtle 1\Ift.y Hoffman; to the Committee on Pensions. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials By Mr. McGILLICUDDY : A bill (H. R. 16007) for the relief were introdueed and severally referred as follows: · of William Henry Clifford; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. ANSBERRY: A bill (H. R. 15982) providing for the By Mr. McKELLAR: A bill (H. R. 16008) granting an in survey of the Maumee River and its tributaries, Ohio and Ind.; crease of pension to Susan E. Nash; to the Committee on Pen. to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. sions. LI---45G 7234 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 24, By Mr. MURRAY of· Oklahoma: A bill (H. R. 16009) grant Gradvohl, Gilbert F. Howard, William F. Pfiel, P. J". Doriam, ing a pension to William J. Ladd; to the Committee on In Thomas Rhoades, Thomas J. Davis, T. F. Brady, Andrew B. valid Pensions. Costlow, T. Proctor, Charles Bischoff, John Rosenbaum, Joseph By l\lr. O'SHAUNESSY: A bill (H. R. 16010) granting an Bremer, Frank Bischoff, L. A. Geis, Otto MitcheU, John Berg, increase of pension to Georgie E. Keenan; to the Committee on Charles Diefenbach, B. J. Egerter, Ignatius Karcher, George E. Invalid Pensions. Raab, Jacob Schmadel, W. H. Noran, H. A. Knee, and Charles By Mr. RUSSELL: A bill (H. R. 16011) granting an increase Q.. Lynch, all of Johnstown, Pa., against national prohibition; of pension to John G . .Meltabarger; to the Committee on Invalid to the Committee on the Judiciary. Pensions. Also, protests of Richard Jones, .Mrs. Daniel Paul, D. H. By ~Ir. SELLS; A bill (H. R. 16012) grunting an increase of Miller, Albert Peden, Mrs. Mary Geisel, Mary C. Miller, C. D. pension to John T. Langstaff; to the Committee on Invalid Pen Bateman, E. M. Redelstein, Mrs. William Burkholder, l\Irs. sions. W. A. Slick, JUiss Myrtle Boucher, Mrs. E1 J. Sheburn, Mrs. By Mr. STEP.HEXS of California: A bill (H. R. 16013) E. D. Block, Mrs. H. G. Isenburg, J. W. Watt, John T. Zimmer granting a pension to Jefferson L. Smith; to the Committee on man, Annie Zimmerman, J. D. Block, all of Johnsto\Yn, Pa., Inntlid Pensions. against passage of House bill 7826, the Sabbath observance bill; By lUr. TAGGART: A bill (H. R. 16014) granting a pension to the Committee on the District of Columbia. to William B. Jenkins ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . Also, petition of Local Union No. 521, United Mine Workers Also, a bill (H. R. 16015) granting a pension to Julia Kibby; of America, of Jamestown, Pa., favoring Federal interyention to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. in the Colorado strike; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Ur. TEN EYOK: A bill (H. R. 16016) granting an in Also, petitions of Margaret Walker, 1\Irs. Lydia Harris, Mrs. crea e of pension to Edward Pennefeather; to the Committee Annie Krider, Myrtle 1\lountz, Mrs. J. C. Gibboney, Edna on Invalitl Pen ions. Walker, Mrs. Yeckley, 1\Irs. Amanda Yeckley, Mrs. David Ott, By 1\Ir. VOLSTEAD: A bill (II. R. 16017) granting a pension 1\Irs. Herbert Burk, Pearl Walters, Mrs. Eli Walters, Mrs. to Ervin EvP.rson ; to ·the Committee on Pensions. Willlam Ressler, Mrs. G. W. Beegle, Clara E. Lindsey, Ella By Mr. WATKINS: A bill (H. ll. 1£018) to correct the mili Black, Mrs. Emma Black, Mrs. Alice Massie, 1\Irs. T. E. Carnitt, tary record of Gordon A. Dennis and to reinstate him as second Mrs. A. W. White, 1\Irs. H. J. Montgomery, :Mrs. Lee 'V'alker, lieutenant in the United States Army; to the Committee on all of Duncansville, Pa., for passage of House joint resolution ~lliitary Affairs. 168, relati"ve to national prohibition; to the Committee on th~ Also, a bill (H. R. 16019) to authorize the transfer of Lieut. Judiciary. - - · - - · Sydney Smith from the retired to the active list of the Army; By Mr. BAKER: Petition of 18 citizens of the second c-on to the Committee on Military Affairs. gressional district of New Jersey, against national prohibition; By 1\Ir. CARY: A joint resolution (H. J. nes. 254) relating to the Committee on the Judiciary. to the awards and payments thereon in what is commonly known Also, petition of sundry citizens of New Jersey, favoring na as the Plaza Cii.Ses; to the Committee on the District of Co tional prohibition ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. lumbia. By Mr. BARNHART: Petition of sundry citizens of Elkhart, Ind., against enactment of Sunday-observance legislation; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. PETITIONS, ETC. Also, petition of 13 citizens of Elkhart, Ind., relative to L"nder clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid amending the civil-service law; to the Committee on Reform on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows-: in the Civil Service. , By tlle SPEAKER (by request) : Petition of sundry citizens Also, petition of 100 citizens of Mishawaka, 120 citizens of of Ohio and Pennsylvania .favoring national prohibition; to the Walkerton, 286 citizens of South Bend, 220 citizens of Green Committee on the Judiciary. town, and sundry citizens of Elkhart, Goshen, and Door Vil Also (by request), petition of the Socialist Party of Phila lage. all in the State of Indiana, favoring national prohibition; delvhia, of Philadelphia, Pa., protesting against President's · to the Committee on the Judiciary. action in declaring war on Mexico; to the C.ommittee on For By Mr. BAllTHOLDT: Petitions of the Automobile Gasoline eign Affairs. Co., the Laclede Gas Light Co., the North Breese Coal & Min Also (by request), petition of the International Brotherhood ing Co., the Corrugated Bar Co., the John Wahl Commission Welfare Association of St. LOuis, Mo., protesting against the Co., the Von der Aw & Oluss l\fanufacturing Co., the Kaltwasser deplorable condition of affairs existing among the unemployed Carpet Co., and a number of other citizens of St. Louis, Mo., of the United States; to the Committee on Labor. protesting against the prohibition amendment now pending; to Also (by request), memorial of sundry citizens of Nome, the Committee on the Judiciary. Alaskn, constituting the Knights of Robert Emmet, against "One Also, petitions of Rabbi Spitz, of the Jewish Voice; the hundred years of peace celebration " ; to the Committee on Blanke-Wenneker Candy Oo. ; the Broderick & Bascom Rope Foreign Affairs. Co.; the West Disinfecting Co.; the St. Louis Iron & Machine Also (by request), resolutions of the North Side Board of Works; the Howe Scale Co., of lllinois; and Joseph Freund, all Trade of New York, indorsing action of President in his effort of St. Louis, Mo., protesting against national prohibition; to to bring order out of chaos in Mexico; to the Committee on the Committee on the Judiciary. Foreign Affairs. Also, petitions of the Pitzman's Co. of Sun·eyors & Engineers, Also (by request), petition of sundry citizens of Louisiana, the F. B. Instrument Co., the Interstate Printing Co., the St. 1\lo., and Pike County, 1\lo., favoring national prohibition; to Louis Dairy Co., and the Rice-Stix Dry Goods Co., all of St. the Committee on the Judiciary. Louis, Mo., against national prohibition; to the Committee on By 1\lr. ANSBERRY; Petition of sundry citizens of Tedrow, the Judiciary. . Ohio, favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the Also, petition of Charles G. Arras, of St. Louis, 1\Io., favoring Judiciary. passage of Rouse bill13305, to prevent discrimination in prices; Also, memorial of tlle United Societies for Local Self-Goyern to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ment of Chicago, Ill., protesting against national prohibition; · Also, petitions of D. J. 1\Iahar, of Clayton. Mo., and W. H. to the Committee on the Judiciary. Stilwell, Paul Huebner, and El J. Jocker, of St. Louis, Mo., pro By 1\Ir. BAILEY (by request) : Petitions of Samuel Moody, testing against national prohibition; to the Committee on the H. Schilling, John Bartley, S. Young, Eli Walters, Harry Wal Judiciary. tel'S, G. H. Beegle, W. T. Ressler, Grant Edmundson, E. N. Also, petition of the Mercantile Trust Co. of St. Louis, Mo., Lindsey, L. A. Johnston, Samuel 1\lassic, W. D. Montgomery, favoring passage of House bill 14328, relati-ve to false statements George Montgomery, Frank Wilt, H. Montgomery, A. G. Wilt, in the mails; to the Committee on the Post Office and Post ancl F. E. Lindsey, all of Duncansville, Pa., for passage of Roads. House joint resolution 1G8, relative to national prohibition; to By l\Ir. BA..THRICK: P etition of the Woman's Christian Tem the Committee on the Judiciary. perance Union of Lordstown, Ohio, faYoring national prohibi· Also, prote~ts of Albert Guillerman, E. F. James, jr., Fred tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Hoffman, S. J. O'Brien, Ernest Klein, Walter ~tormer, N. Niess By Mr. BEAKES : Petition of 237 business men of the sec ner, John Lipp, Henry Dietz, Karl Dembeck, Hubert 1\loyer, ond district of Michigan, favoring tax on mail-order houses; John S. Grumme, Andey Matek, C. A. McGuire, Frederick Per to the Committee on Ways and 1\Ieans. inn, Conrad Now, Hugh McConnell, John 1\IcKenry, W. l\1. Also, petitions of members of C. B. Hall Post No. 364, of Co~e Saly, Karl Weber, Herman Niesner, Walter Stormer, Jacob man; De Galycr Post No. 110, of Hudson; Comstock Corps No. Wacker, Fritz John, Grant Laird, John H. Stork, John Schwing, 230, of Manchester; Edward Pomeroy Corps No. 5, of Jackson; L. P. Shelly, William Schmalz, Charles Bullmann, Charles Um Fairchild Corps No. 6, o~ Grass Lake; Morgan Parker Corps baugh, H. C. Shaffer, Albert Heilman, Robert P . Bell, Joseph No. 137, of Petersburg; John and Alfred Ryder Corps No. 84, 1914. OONGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE. 7235 of Newburg; Fairchild Post No. 228, of Grass Lake; Myron By 1\Ir. FITZGERALD: Petition of 330 voters of the seventh Baker Corps No. 64, of Morenci; .all of the State of Michigan, congressional district of New York, protesting against national in opposition to any change in the American flag; to the Com prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the .Tu . 1914. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7237 Also, petition of 190 citizens of North Hampton, 011!~· favor By Mr. WEAVER: Petition of sundry citizens of Weather• ing national prohibition; to the Committee on the JudiCiary. ford, Okla., favoring nationnl prohibition; to the Committee on By 1\.Ir. REED: Petitions of A. S. Hamilton, John M. Ready, the Judiciary. James Ferretti, Arthur L. Boulanger, Peter J. Thornton, George By Mr. WIIITE: Petition signed by E. A. Hallett and 40 E. Smith, I. F. McCann, D. F. McDonnell, H. J .. Bethum, W. E. others, of 1\farietta, Ohio, protesting against national prohibi Woodod, James J. Hogan, R. F. Colby, John Schmidt, Fred tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Knight, A I. Mathieu, A. 0. Squire, Frank J. Lynch, and F. ~· Also, petition signed by John W. Beckett and 50 others o£ Arbuckle all from Manchester, N. H., opposing national prohi New Concord, Ohio, favoring national prohibition; to the Com., bition of 'liquor h·affic; to tl:fe Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. By Mr. RIORDAN: Petition of 2,607 citizens of the eleventh By 1\Ir. WILSON of Florida: Petition of 58, citizens of New York district, against national prohibition; to the Com 1\IcDavld, Fla., and 50 citizens of Cottage Hill, Fla., favoring mittee on the Judiciary. national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, petition of 45 citizens of Stapleton, Staten Island, N. Y., By 1\Ir. WINGO : Petition of 400 citizens of :Magazine, Ark., protesting against national prohibition; to the Committee on the and 275 citizens of Huntington, Ark., favoring national prohibi· Judiciary. tlon; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, petition of James 1\forano and 10 other citi~ens of .the eleventh congressional district of New York, protesting agamst national prohibition ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. SENATE. By 1\fr. SABATH: Memorial of the Unite~ Socie!ies for Local Self-Government of Chicago, Ill., protestmg agamst na- SATURDAY, April gs, 1914. tional prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. . . .Also, petition of the Night Chapel of the Peterson Lmotypll?g The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., o:trered the Co., of Chicago, TIL, favoring passage of the Bartlett-Bacon blll following prayer : (H. R. 1873 and S. 927); to the Committee on the Judiciary. .Almighty God, in whom we live, move, and have our being, By 1\Ir. SAUNDERS: Petition of 25 citizens of Houston, Va:, we desire to come into Thy presence, even into the inner s:mctu favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judi ary where Thy Honor dwelleth, that we may behold Thy glory. ciary. Our eyes have been too much fixed upon the glory that fadeth By Mr. SINNOTT: Petition of sundry citizens of Orego~, away. We desire to come to the changeless order, to under favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judi stand that above us, and not in conflict with any human interest, ciary. is the exceeding glory of our God. With Thee there is justice and judgment. Mercy and peace are mingled together before Also petitions of various citizens of the State of Oregon, fa Thy throne. Grace and truth abide in fullness before Thee. voring' national prohibition; to the Commlttee on the Judiciary. So do Thou enable us to enter into Thy presence, abide under By Mr. SPARK.l\fAN: Petition of the Baptist Church, Tampa; Thy protection, follow Thy guidance, and do that which is pleas 794 citizens of Arcadia, Alva, and Montbrook; 865 citizens of ing in Thy sight. For Christ's sake. Amen. Brndentown 197 citizens of Palmetto, 60 citizens of Candler, 23 The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's citizens of Lake Kerr, 187 citizens of Largo, 250 citizens of proceedings when, on request of Mr. Brandegee and by unani Tampa 25 citizens of Fort Myers, 242 citizens of Manatee, 100 mous consent, the further reading was dispensed with and the citizen~ of Dunnellon, and 193 citizens of Winterhaven, all in the Journal was approved. State of Florida, favoring national prohibition; to the Com mittee on the Judiciary. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. By 1\Ir. STEPHENS of California: Petitions of sundry citi A message from the House of Representatives, by J. 0. South, zens of Los Angeles, Cal., protesting against national prohibi its Chief Cle1·k, announced that the House agrees to the report tion; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the Also petitions of sundry citizens of Santa Monica and Los two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (II. R. Angele's, Cal., protesting against Sunday-observance bill ; to the 11269) granting pensions and increase of pensions to certain sol· Committee on the District of Columbia. diers and sailors of the Civil War and certain widows and de Also petition of Los Angeles (Cal.) Printing Pressmen's pendent children. of soldiers and sailors of said war. Union,' No. 78, protesting against increase in postage rates on The message also announced that the House agrees to the second-class matter; to the Commlttee on the Post Office and amendment of the Senate to the joint resolution (H. J. Res. Post Roads. 152) reappropriating certain funds for expenditure at the naval Also petitions of sundry citizens of Santa Monica and Los station at New Orleans, La. Angele's, Cal., favoring passage of House bill 12928, relative to The message further announced that the House had passed Sunday work in post offices; to the Committee on the Post Office the bill ( S. 4167) granting pensions and increase of pensions to and Post Roads. certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy, and By Ur. THOMAS : Petition of 65 citizens of Greenville, Ky., of other wars than the Civil War, and certain widows and de favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the Ju pendent relatives of such soldiers and sailors, with amend diciary. ments, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. Also, petition of Local Union No. 602, United 1\fine Workers, The message also announced that the House had. passed the requesting Congress to bring about Federal interference in the bill (S. 4353) granting pensions and increase of pensions to cer Colorado miners' strike; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tain soldiers and sailors of the Regular Army and Navy and of By 1\Ir. TREADWAY: Petition of various business men of wars other than the Civil War, and to certain widows and de the first and second congressional districts of the State of pendent relatives of such soldiers and sailors, with an amend Massachusetts favoring tax on mail-order houses; to the Com ment, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. · mittee on Ways and 1\Ieans. The message further announced that the House had passed By Mr. V.ARE : Petition of 1,691 names signed to petition of the following bills and joint resolution, in which it requested the South Philadelphia Gun Club protesting against an act of Con concurrence of the Senate: gress approved 1\Iarch 4, 1913, prohibiting the shooting of reed H. R.15692. An act granting pensions and increase of pen birds in the State of Pennsylvania; to the Committee on Agri sions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil War and cer culture. tain widows and dependent children of soldiers and sailors of .Also, petition of 2,234 citizens of Philadelphia, Pa., favoring said war; national prohibition; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 15959. An act granting pensions and increase of pensions By 1\Ir. VOLLMER: Petition of Vincent Telinck and 440 to certain soldiers and sailors of the Regular .Army and Navy, other citizens of Iowa, protesting against national prohibition; and certain soldiers and sailors of wars other than the Civil to the Committee on the Judiciary. War and to widows of such soldiers and sailors; and By 1\Ir. VOLSTEAD: Petitions of 575 citizens of Montevideo, H.' J. Res. 242. A joint resolution authorizing the Secretary of 100 citizens of Lynd, 60 citizens of Lake Benton, 25 citizens of War and the Secretary of the Navy to loan equipment for the Redwood Falls, 92 citizens of Clinton, 18 citizens of Hanley purpose of instruction and training to sanitary organizations of Falls, 62 citizens of Dawson, 185 citizens of Marshall, 200 citi the American National Red Cross. zens of Hector, 467 citizens of Benson, 304 citizens of Browns Valley, 80 citizens of Ottawa, 116 citizens of Echo, 265 citizens ENROLLED BILL AND JOINT RESOLUTION SIGNED. of Fairfax, sundry members of Bethel Methodist Episcopal The message also a1mounced that the Speaker of the House Church of Lynd, the Baptist Church of Storden, and the had signed the following enrolled bill and joint resolution, and Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Tracy, all in the State they were thereupon signed by the President pro tempore: of Minnesota, favoring national prohibition; to the Committee S. 3403. An act to abolish the office of receiver of public on the Judiciary. moneys at Springfield, Mo., and for other purposes; and