DOCSLIB.ORG

The CAD-Tool 2.0 Morphological Scheme of Non-Orthogonal High-Rises

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The CAD-Tool 2.0 Morphological Scheme of Non-Orthogonal High-Rises ctbuh.org/papers Title: The CAD-Tool 2.0 Morphological Scheme of Non-Orthogonal High-Rises Author: Karel Vollers, Researcher, Delft University of Technology Subject: Architectural/Design Keywords: Form Technology Publication Date: 2009 Original Publication: CTBUH Journal, 2009 Issue III Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Karel Vollers The CAD-tool 2.0 morphological scheme of non-orthogonal high-rises "In consequence, twisted geometries with repetition of elements are applied not so much for economic gain as for semiotic connotation." Dr. Karel Vollers Non-orthogonal high-rise buildings are emerging with an increasing degree of geometrical Author variation. As yet no scheme categorises data on the basis of the overall geometries of such Dr. Karel Vollers, Researcher, Delft University of Technology buildings. This paper proposes an easily accessible morphological scheme which, for example, enables data to be retrieved on the sustainable performance of the distinctive building shapes. Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Chair of Product Development The shaping of most non-orthogonal high-rises is related to developments in modeling Julianalaan 134 2628 GA Delft, The Netherlands software. The morphological scheme is based on software manipulations to describe shaping, t: +31 (0)20 616 8631 not on mathematical formulae. As software develops, new ways of generating shapes emerge. e: [email protected] In consequence the shaping scheme gradually will be updated. The scheme is illustrated by examples of overall shaping and materialization trends. Dr. Karel Vollers In the 1980s, as project leader for various architects (Gerssen, Kas Oosterhuis), Mr. Vollers worked on offices, hospitals and low-energy ultra-light housing. In the Non-orthogonal high-rises usefulness. Additionally, these techniques are 1990s he worked for UN-Studio on the 300m span in this context put to the test, as towers that Erasmus bridge in Rotterdam. Iconic buildings express regional or national truly earn iconic status have the potential to A visit in 1986 to works of the Brazilian architect Oscar identity. They symbolise power and ambition. Niemeyer ignited a great interest in the architectural This built identity, created by mankind, is stand well beyond the design lifetime of application of free curvatures. Dr. Vollers foresaw that modern buildings, underscoring the need for computers would stimulate their usage in the highly valued and of major importance in industrialized world. In 2001 his commitment to construction quality that yields durability and systemized buildings resulted in a PhD cum laude at global communication. Delft University of Technology on the thesis ‘Twist & longevity. The growing market of Build, creating non-orthogonal architecture’. To design outstanding buildings, architects non-standard, curved products stimulates He received the 2005 Dutch Aluminum Award, for the move away from the standard. Shapes of application of strong curvatures. Iconic first industrial framing system for freely curved façades. simple geometry are increasingly varied to add The AA 100 Q Twist framing system, also featuring articulated buildings, in the mid-rise range of operable windows, was developed with Alcoa expression. Designers get accustomed to 60-100m, have started to fill the gap between Architectural systems, Van Campen Bending and applying complex geometries, and refine the Tetterode Glas Voorthuizen. slightly curved high-rises and strongly curved shaping. low-rise buildings. With PhD graduate Daan Rietbergen he now develops adjustable moulds for glass and concrete panels. The sustainability credentials of high-rises is questionable, but for political, cultural and Morphological scheme for high-rises socio-economic reasons, they are built in large numbers, as boxes and as curved volumes. Integration of digital technologies into the Curved volumes offer numerous potential various stages of building development is advantages to designers and developers. A resulting in a variety of high-rise volumes with deviation from conventional high-rise shapes, curving façades. Their geometrical complexity which are generally extruded along their entire is increasing rapidly, and by implication the length or in broad segments, allows for greater complexity of materialising. An easily story-by-story customization of floor plate accessible database, that distinguishes geometry to its intended use. according to the overall shaping, will be useful when optimising build-up and performance of Large construction budgets often appro- high-rises with curved façades. The author priated for iconic projects in particular offer found no database nor morphological system opportunities to experiment with new and matching the geometrical variety. innovative design techniques, and can result in published data and insight which reduces the Mathematical descriptions that qualify façade risk of implementing these techniques in other surfaces as being anti-clastic/synclastic, projects, subsequently improving their single- or double-curved, do not describe 38 | Non-orthogonal high-rise buildings CTBUH Journal | 2009 Issue III ...tall timber overall building shapes. Mathematical etc. The relative ease definitions of curved surfaces like hyperbo- by which one can We’d been looking for ways in which we loids, conoids, etc. are too difficult for most design allows rapid building participants to understand and do shape development could“ replace concrete and steel construction not sufficiently reflect the variations in building and quick generation wherever possible in an effort to reduce carbon shapes. of digital data on dioxide emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. A topology classification system designed by components. The ” architects is described in Phylogenesis (FOA, parameters can be Andrew Waugh, director of Waugh Thistleton Architects, which teamed with structural engineer Techniker Ltd to design the world’s tallest residential 2003). It schematises surfaces - not building manipulated numeri- structure constructed entirely of timber and one of the tallest all-wood shapes. The scheme requires too much study cally, and by adjusting structures on the planet. From “Big Timber Hits London” Building Design to be generally used in the building industry. points on the screen operated by mouse- and Construction, June 2009 In his book ‘Skyscrapers-Skycities’ (JEN, 1980), clicks. Charles Jencks classifies by form and expression. A grouping by metaphorical In the first generation of non-orthogonal of their superstructure. Growing use of other equation (in skypricker, skyscraper or skycity) is building shapes, volumes were mostly geometries inspired the classification of more elaborated with ambiguous and subjective geometrically described by manipulating high-rise shapes. To avoid ambiguity, the names. He also lists the topics Morphology, straight lines or flat surfaces using the CAD-tool 2.0 morphological scheme, as the Articulation of surface, Style, Activity, commands Copy, Move and Rotate (VOL, new version is named by this author, only Technology, and Motivation. Only the 2001). The process to describe non-orthogonal distinguishes volumetric geometries. Morphology section deals with geometric volumes involves handling large quantities of descriptions. It subdivides into Central, data. Information exchange by graphics Longitudinal and Compound buildings. In the second generation of non-orthogonal The scheme is based on the observation that The section Longitudinal classifies high-rises as building volumes, solid modeling software most high-rise geometries are primitive a slab, stepped-, curved-, shaped-, amorpheus- was applied. In such software, shapes are shapes, transformed by a limited number of or complex slab. It covers high-rise shapes in described by relations between their manipulations. Mainly because of esthetics general, but does not determine variations in composing elements. Scripting and parametric and building economy, the number of buildings with curved façades. modeling procedures greatly eased drawing parameters used, generally, is less than 4. As an procedures and processing of data. Control of Up-to-date high-rise project information is example, most twisted tower designs are freely curved surfaces built of, for example, generated by scaling a cube into proportion, available on the CTBUH website NURB curves is maintained by manipulating www.ctbuh.org. Its database classifies and then twisting the volume. Most people only a small number of points. In solid can easily mentally visualise subsequent according to geographical location, height, modelling software, volumes can be trans- usage, etc. not to geometrical shape. transformations. Computer commands thus formed by commands like Shear, Twist, Scale, replaced mathematical formulae to indicate The morphological scheme proposed by the Unite or Merge. the form build-up. Manipulations may be author deals with the overall shaping of The third generation of non-orthogonal depicted by icons and these may be supple- volumes with curved façades. Compound high-rises reflects the use of the before- mented with numerical information. Such buildings, i.e. those consisting of segments of mentioned tools, but a sequence of their use is representation resembles the way software different geometry types, are only briefly hard to distinguish. By
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CTBUH Journal
    About the Council The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, based at the Illinois Institute of Technology in CTBUH Journal Chicago and with a China offi ce at Tongji International Journal on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat University in Shanghai, is an international not-for-profi t organization supported by architecture, engineering, planning, development, and construction professionals. Founded in 1969, the Council’s mission is to disseminate multi- Tall buildings: design, construction, and operation | 2014 Issue IV disciplinary information on tall buildings and sustainable urban environments, to maximize the international interaction of professionals involved Case Study: One Central Park, Sydney in creating the built environment, and to make the latest knowledge available to professionals in High-Rise Housing: The Singapore Experience a useful form. The Emergence of Asian Supertalls The CTBUH disseminates its fi ndings, and facilitates business exchange, through: the Achieving Six Stars in Sydney publication of books, monographs, proceedings, and reports; the organization of world congresses, Ethical Implications of international, regional, and specialty conferences The Skyscraper Race and workshops; the maintaining of an extensive website and tall building databases of built, under Tall Buildings in Numbers: construction, and proposed buildings; the Unfi nished Projects distribution of a monthly international tall building e-newsletter; the maintaining of an Talking Tall: Ben van Berkel international resource center; the bestowing of annual awards for design and construction excellence and individual lifetime achievement; the management of special task forces/working groups; the hosting of technical forums; and the publication of the CTBUH Journal, a professional journal containing refereed papers written by researchers, scholars, and practicing professionals.
    [Show full text]
  • An All-Time Record 97 Buildings of 200 Meters Or Higher Completed In
    CTBUH Year in Review: Tall Trends All building data, images and drawings can be found at end of 2014, and Forecasts for 2015 Click on building names to be taken to the Skyscraper Center An All-Time Record 97 Buildings of 200 Meters or Higher Completed in 2014 Report by Daniel Safarik and Antony Wood, CTBUH Research by Marty Carver and Marshall Gerometta, CTBUH 2014 showed further shifts towards Asia, and also surprising developments in building 60 58 14,000 13,549 2014 Completions: 200m+ Buildings by Country functions and structural materials. Note: One tall building 200m+ in height was also completed during 13,000 2014 in these countries: Chile, Kuwait, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, 50 Taiwan, United Kingdom, Vietnam 60 58 2014 Completions: 200m+ Buildings by Countr5,00y 0 14,000 60 13,54958 14,000 13,549 2014 Completions: 200m+ Buildings by Country Executive Summary 40 Note: One tall building 200m+ in height was also completed during ) Note: One tall building 200m+ in height was also completed during 13,000 60 58 13,0014,000 2014 in these countries: Chile, Kuwait, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, (m 13,549 2014 in these Completions: countries: Chile, Kuwait, 200m+ Malaysia, BuildingsSingapore, South byKorea, C ountry 50 Total Number (Total = 97) 4,000 s 50 Taiwan,Taiwan, United United Kingdom, Kingdom, Vietnam Vietnam Note: One tall building 200m+ in height was also completed during ht er 13,000 Sum of He2014 igin theseht scountries: (Tot alChile, = Kuwait, 23,333 Malaysia, m) Singapore, South Korea, 5,000 mb 30 50 5,000 The Council
    [Show full text]
  • City Branding: Part 2: Observation Towers Worldwide Architectural Icons Make Cities Famous
    City Branding: Part 2: Observation Towers Worldwide Architectural Icons Make Cities Famous What’s Your City’s Claim to Fame? By Jeff Coy, ISHC Paris was the world’s most-visited city in 2010 with 15.1 million international arrivals, according to the World Tourism Organization, followed by London and New York City. What’s Paris got that your city hasn’t got? Is it the nickname the City of Love? Is it the slogan Liberty Started Here or the idea that Life is an Art with images of famous artists like Monet, Modigliani, Dali, da Vinci, Picasso, Braque and Klee? Is it the Cole Porter song, I Love Paris, sung by Frank Sinatra? Is it the movie American in Paris? Is it the fact that Paris has numerous architectural icons that sum up the city’s identity and image --- the Eiffel Tower, Arch of Triumph, Notre Dame Cathedral, Moulin Rouge and Palace of Versailles? Do cities need icons, songs, slogans and nicknames to become famous? Or do famous cities simply attract more attention from architects, artists, wordsmiths and ad agencies? Certainly, having an architectural icon, such as the Eiffel Tower, built in 1889, put Paris on the world map. But all these other things were added to make the identity and image. As a result, international tourists spent $46.3 billion in France in 2010. What’s your city’s claim to fame? Does it have an architectural icon? World’s Most Famous City Icons Beyond nicknames, slogans and songs, some cities are fortunate to have an architectural icon that is immediately recognized by almost everyone worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Trends in Real Estate®
    FRANCIS ZERA FRANCIS Emerging Trends in Real Estate® United States and Canada 2018 Emerging Trends in Real Estate® 2018 A publication from: Emerging Trends in Real Estate® 2018 Contents 1 Notice to Readers 71 Chapter 4 Property Type Outlook 72 Industrial 3 Chapter 1 Navigating at Altitude 76 Apartments 4 Long Glide Path to a Soft Landing 80 Single-Family Homes 6 Working Smarter and Working Harder 83 Office 9 Procession of the Generations 87 Hotels 10 But Don’t Forget the Baby Boomers 89 Retail 11 It’s Different This Time . Isn’t It? 13 Housing at a Technological Tipping Point? 93 Chapter 5 Emerging Trends in Canadian 15 Retail Transforms and Stores Remain Real Estate 16 Tax Reform: It’s Going to Take Some Time 93 Rebalancing Portfolios to Create Advantage This Time 94 Rethinking How to Address Affordability 17 Replacing the Yardstick 96 Transit to Transform Cities 19 Staying on the Radar 97 The Rise of Placemaking 21 Expected Best Bets for 2018 97 Making the 18-Hour City a Canadian Reality 97 Reinventing Real Estate through Technology 23 Chapter 2 Capital Markets 99 The Global War for Talent 24 The Debt Sector 99 Property Type Outlook 29 The Equity Sector 105 Markets to Watch in 2018 35 Summary 109 Expected Best Bets for 2018 36 Chapter 3 Markets to Watch 110 Interviewees 36 2018 Market Rankings 37 Market Summaries Emerging Trends in Real Estate® 2018 i Editorial Leadership Team Emerging Trends Chairs PwC Advisers and Contributing Researchers Mitchell M. Roschelle, PwC Aakriti Sondhi* Haley Anderson Nicholas Mitchell Patrick L.
    [Show full text]
  • Barcelona a … De …
    PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE SHAPE OF A TALL BUILDING IN THE CITY SPACE Robert Musiał M.Sc. Arch., PhD candidate Institute of Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology ul. Podchorążych 1, 30-084 Cracow, Poland [email protected] +48 12 637 87 22; +48 502 534 042 +48 12 628 24 33 +48 12 628 20 22 Key words: shape of a tall building, landmark, imageability, recognisability of district and recognisability of city Abstract The development of construction technology creates ever greater opportunities for designing tall buildings with unusual shapes. So the question remains: what role might the shape of a tall building play in developing a legible and imageable environment? The paper aims to show the importance of the shape of a tall building for imageability and legibility of the urban environment, on the basis of previously published analyses by various authors, which are part of wider studies on: placemaking with tall buildings, imageability of tall buildings and orientation in the urban space. The importance of the shape of a tall building is presented in three aspects: its functioning as a landmark, imageability of such buildings and recognisability of a district of the city as well as the city itself. The unique shape of a tall building has enormous potential for use in creating legible and imageable urban environment. The shape can be used to create distinctive landmarks of different scale and importance to the city. The location of a tall building with a distinctive shape is important. Constructing such a building in a clearly visible place makes it easy to remember.
    [Show full text]
  • TALL BUILDINGS Rider Levett Bucknall | Tall Buildings
    TALL BUILDINGS Rider Levett Bucknall | Tall Buildings Rider Levett Bucknall is an independent, global property and construction practice with over 3,600 people in more than 120 offices across Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, Middle East and Oceania. Services provided include Cost Management and Quantity Surveying, Project Management and Advisory Services. Cover: Shanghai Tower, China Rider Levett Bucknall | Tall Buildings CONTENT OVERVIEW 2 COST COMMENTARY 3 COST AREA AND STATISTICS 4 COST MODEL 5 COMPANY EXPERIENCE Hong Kong and China 6 Asia 18 Middle East 22 Oceania 26 United Kingdom 30 The Americas 32 1 Rider Levett Bucknall | Tall Buildings OVERVIEW Rider Levett Bucknall has been What is Tall Building? Why City Planners and involved in the construction of Developers want more Tall There is no official definition or many of the world’s landmark tall Buildings? height above which a building buildings which sit on the skyline may be classified as a tall • Only a small amount of land of some of our major cities, such building. It could be a tall, area needed in exchange for a as Two International Finance continuously habitable building of large amount of floor space Centre, Hong Kong’s most iconic many storeys, usually designed and real estate values office building; Shanghai Tower, for office and commercial use, China’s tallest skyscraper and the • To build iconic landmarks for and residential use in densely world’s second tallest building; the city populated cities such as Hong Pertamina Energy Tower in Kong. • Sustainability and energy Jakarta Indonesia; Elite Residence efficiency Tower in Dubai UAE; Eureka A tall building is not just about Tower in Melbourne Australia; Q1 height, but also about the urban Rider Levett Bucknall undertook Tower in Gold Coast Australia; situation in which it exists.
    [Show full text]
  • Preview the Proceedings
    The age of the tall building as a single iconic piece of sculpture, standing in isolation from its surroundings, must now come to an end. We have a responsibility to ensure that these permanent urban structures engender a future-oriented urban response to the greatest challenges of our time: unprecedented population growth; mass urbanization; climate change; environmental degradation; social, political and economic change; and the rapid advance of myriad technical innovations. The future of humanity on this planet relies on the collective benefi ts of urban density; reducing both land consumption and the energy needed to construct and operate the horizontally dispersed city. Tall buildings must now be the vehicles for creating increased density not just through sheer height, but by connecting multiple layers of the city. Physical urban infrastructure, circulation, greenery, and urban functions traditionally restricted to the ground level would all, ideally, continue up and into the building, such that the buildings themselves become an extension of the city: a part of the two- dimensional horizontal urban plane fl ipped vertical. ConferenceConference Proceedings Proceedings This collection of abstracts serves as a gateway to the presentations given at the CTBUH 2017 Conference, which took place across Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, Australia, A Agateway gateway to to state-of-the-art, state-of-the-art, multi-disciplinary multi-disciplinary presentations presentations from 29 October to 3 November, 2017. The presentations upon which these abstracts are based inquire far beyond the tall building as an icon, to debate a new set of onon urban urban design, design, sustainable sustainable cities, cities, and and tall tall buildings buildings guidelines and responsibilities toward skyscrapers becoming “connectors” in the city.
    [Show full text]
  • HTA Board Packet 072519
    HĀLĀWAI PAPA ALAKAʻI KŪMAU KEʻENA KULEANA HOʻOKIPA O HAWAIʻI REGULAR BOARD MEETING HAWAI‘I TOURISM AUTHORITY Poʻahā, 25 Iulai 2019, 9:30 a.m. Thursday, July 25, 2019 at 9:30 a.m. Kikowaena Hālāwai O Hawaiʻi Hawai‘i Convention Center Lumi Papa Hoʻokō A Executive Board Room A 1801 Alaākea Kalākaua 1801 Kalākaua Avenue Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96815 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96815 Papa Kumumanaʻo AGENDA 1. Ho‘omaka A Pule Call to Order and Pule 2. ʻĀpono I Ka Moʻoʻōlelo Hālāwai Approval of Minutes of the June 27, 2019 Board Meeting 3. Hō‘ike Lālā Report of Permitted Interactions at an Informational Meeting or Presentation Not Organized by the Board Under HRS section 92-2.5(c) 4. Hōʻike A Ka Luna Hoʻokele Report of the CEO Relating to Staff’s Implementation of HTA’s Programs During June 2019 5. Hōʻike No Ka ʻAha Meia o ʻAmelika ma Honolulu, 28 Iune-1 Iulai 2019 Recap of U.S. Conference of Mayors in Honolulu, June 28-July 1, 2019 6. Hō‘ike ‘Ikepili Noi‘i ‘Oihana Ho‘omāka‘ika‘i Presentation and Discussion of Current Market Insights and Conditions in Key Major Hawai‘i Tourism Markets 7. Hōʻike, Kūkākūkā a Hoʻoholo No Nā Moʻokālā Presentation, Discussion and Action on HTA’s Financial Reports for May 2019 and June 2019 8. Hōʻike No Ka Papahana Hoʻoponopono Update on the Status of the 2018 Audit Action Plan 9. Hōʻike No Ke Kau ʻAhaʻōlelo 2019 Update Relating to the 2019 Legislative Session and Related Bills Relevant to HTA 10. Hōʻike No Ka Hana A Ke Kōmike Noiʻi Papahana Hoʻokele Report of the Strategic Plan Investigative Committee’s Activities 11.
    [Show full text]
  • From Cityscape to Skyscape: the Changing Character of Cities
    ctbuh.org/papers Title: From Cityscape to Skyscape: The Changing Character of Cities Authors: Mir Ali, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Paul Armstrong, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Subject: Urban Design Keywords: Density Environment Urban Design Urban Planning Publication Date: 2012 Original Publication: CTBUH 2012 9th World Congress, Shanghai Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Mir Ali; Paul Armstrong From Cityscape to Skyscape: The Changing Character of Cities Mir M. Ali Paul J. Armstrong School of Architecture University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Abstract Urban centers throughout the world are influencing the design of the supertall building as a “city within a city” and a “city in the sky.” The future of cities world-wide points to exponential growth in developing countries and diminished global resources such as land, water, non-renewable forms of energy, among others. The trend is for cities in proximity to grow together and become megacities with large, dense populations. Today’s megacities are overcrowded, environmentally stressed, their land prices are skyrocketing, and their infrastructures deteriorating. Skyscrapers shape the identity of cities and the urban landscape, extend the scale of the cities, and transform the panoramic view of the urban skyline. The supertall building is so designed that activities of the street and the city’s infrastructure are extended vertically into its structure. Architects and urban designers recognize that the diffusion of activities between the skyscraper and the urban fabric is a constant reality.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sustainability of Tall Building Developments: a Conceptual Framework
    buildings Review The Sustainability of Tall Building Developments: A Conceptual Framework Kheir Al-Kodmany Department of Urban Planning and Policy, College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; [email protected] Received: 26 November 2017; Accepted: 3 January 2018; Published: 5 January 2018 Abstract: As cities cope with rapid population growth—adding 2.5 billion dwellers by 2050—and grapple with expansive sprawl, politicians, planners, and architects have become increasingly interested in the vertical city paradigm. This paper reviews and examines shortfalls of tall buildings found in the literature to inform future developments. The paper gathers a vast amount of fragmented criticism and concerns, and organizes them around the three pillars of sustainability: social, economic, and environmental. Mapping out the “unsustainable” aspects forms the foundation for addressing them in future research and tall building developments. Keywords: sustainability; high-rise developments; economic shortfalls; social failure; environmental problems 1. Introduction 1.1. What Is a Tall Building? There is no universally accepted definition of a “tall building”. Governments around the world differ in how they define “tall buildings”. For example, German regulations define “tall buildings” as buildings higher than 22 m (72 ft) with room for the permanent accommodation of people [1]. City officials derived this limit from the length of ladders used by the firefighters. Leicester City Council in the UK defines a tall building as any structure over 20 m/66 ft in height, and/or a building of any height that is substantially higher than the predominant height of the buildings in the surrounding area, and/or a building that would make a significant impact on the city’s skyline [2].
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Examination of Prospective New Airport Sites
    SECTION 8 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF PROSPECTIVE NEW AIRPORT SITES JICA¶s Information Collection Survey For New Manila International Airport JICA In the Republic of the Philippines DOTC SECTION 8: PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF PROSPECTIVE NEW AIRPORT SITES 8.1 Prospective New Airport Sites As a result of the initial screening discussed in Section 6, following five sites have been chosen as the prospective new airport sites for development of NMIA: i) Sangley Point Option 1 located offshore Cavite Peninsular; ii) Sangley Point Option 2 located parallel to the existing runway at Sangley Point; iii) Central Portion of Manila Bay; iv) San Nicholas Shoals located to the south of Sangley; and v) Western Portion of Laguna de Bay. Approximate location and layout of these prospective new airport sites are described below. It should be noted that the phased facility development concept and size of the platform of NMIA is to be examined in sufficient detail during the next Master Plan/Feasibility Study stage, and the locations and layout shown in this Report need to be further refined and adjusted. 1) Sangley Point Option 1 The Sangley Point Option 1 site is located almost parallel to the southern part of Cavite Peninsular. The runways are oriented to 02/20 in order to prevent the instrument flight procedures from protruding the prohibited airspace RP-P1: Malacanang. A possibility to utilize the existing Sangley as the supplemental relief airport for NAIA has been taken into account when tentatively positioning the runways. The runways were located to southern part of the Peninsular so that the construction equipment and airport facilities under construction should not infringe the obstacle limitation surfaces of the supplemental runway at Sangley.
    [Show full text]
  • A-PDF Split DEMO : Purchase from to Remove the Watermark
    A-PDF Split DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark Architecture & Urban Design 骆文义 LOOK BOON GEE Look建筑设计公司创办人及董事总经理，新加坡 Founder and Managing Director of LOOK ARCHITECTS, SINGAPORE 骆文义，Look建筑设计公司的创始人，可能很多 The architecture of Look Boon Gee, founder of LOOK Architects, may beguile many to simply term him as a modernist. However, 人会简单的误以为他是一个现代主义者，然而，在研 on closer examinations of an extraordinary portfolio of works accumulated over a short period of slightly over 10 years, it reveals 究了他近10年的非凡作品后，展现给我们的却是一个 a craftsman, economist, ecologist and innovator at heart that is consistently challenging the status quo of architecture. 坚持不懈挑战设计现状的创新者。 他的作品的主要特点是综合性，你无法简单的将 The main characteristics of his works is that they defy any straight jacketing into any simple categorization, other than the continual 他们分类，以及不断的创新和每个项目的新奇设计。 ability to innovate and surprise with each new project. It is an architecture that constantly searches for new breakthroughs 他不断地在众多领域搜索新的突破，这主要体现在他 in multitude of fields; be it in cutting edge building technology, sustainable ecological designs or conservation interpretations. 对尖端建筑技术，可持续生态设计和文化保护的独特 Instead of being hampered by the pursuit of a stylistic aesthetic, his 骆文义 见解上。 architecture seeks its beauty in a well resolved piece of architectural Look Boon Gee puzzle where all the problems, constraints, ideals and opportunities 他对美学的追求体现在将所有的难题、限制、理 clicked in place to release the full potential of the project. Adopting an open mindset and unrivalled vigor in approaching very piece of 想与机遇完美的融为一体，释放出项目的全部潜能。 work, Look Boon Gee has a gifted flair to identify and dissect the necessities and aspirations of the people and place involved, to 依靠开放的心态和无与伦比的活力，骆先生以他天赋 arrive at a unique solution for each piece of work.
    [Show full text]