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Mémoires De L'académie D'orléans Agriculture, Sciences, Belles 9, H6e5,( 6RPPDLUHGX7RPH Mémoires 3DJHV MémoiresMémoires &RPPXQLFDWLRQV Pages Date 2018 Titres Mémoires )UDQoRLVH7KLQDW Marc Baconnet/HFRQFRXUVLQWHUQDWLRQDOGHSLDQRG¶2UOpDQV««««««««««« Éditorial 1 de del’Académiede l’Académie l’Académie d’Orléans d’Orléans d’Orléans -HDQ3LHUUH1DYDLOOHV/RQGUHVjYXHGHQH]jO¶pSRTXHYLFWRULHQQH««««««««««« 0D[)OHXU\18-00 /HVRPPHLOHWVHVWURXEOHV««««««««««««««««««Table des matières 3 de l’Académie d’Orléans J 18 janvier *pUDUG/DXYHUJHRQ18-01 Pierre Muckensturm /¶eWKLRSLHXQUrYHLWDOLHQ ± «««««««««««« L’école et la morale 5 er Agriculture,Agriculture,Agriculture, Sciences, Sciences, Sciences, Belles-Lettres Belles-Lettres Belles-Lettres et et et ArtsArts Arts J 1 février 0LFKHOLQH&XpQLQ18-02 Christian de /DYpULWDEOHSULQFHVVHGH0RQWSHQVLHU««««««««««««« Valence Le vélo en France 15 -HDQ<YHV0pURXU &KLPLHHWSROLFHVFLHQWLILTXH««««««««««««««««« J 15 février 18-03 François Maupu Gentien Hervet et Nicolas Psaume, deux acteurs 29 Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts -HDQ7ULFKHW/¶vOHGHOD3DVVLRQRXvOHGH&OLSSHUWRQ««««««««««««« &KULVWLDQ)URLVVDUW eOLVDEHWK-DFTXHWGHOD*XHUUH««««««««««««««««du concile de Trente er J 1 mars %HUQDUG3UDGHO18-04 Michel Monsigny1DSROpRQHQ(VSDJQH«««««««««««««««««««« Le transhumanisme 39 J 5 avril )UDQoRLV.HUJDOO18-05 Françoise LelongPLOH(JJHUKHOOpQLVWH2UOpDQDLVGHF°XU««« Le Sage du Val Dhuy, Loiret««««««««« 53 $QWRQLR5RGULJXH] /HURPDQHWODFULVHGHO¶LQWULJXHFKH]0D[-DFRE«««««««« J 19 avril 18-06 Patrick Brun Le lac Tchad 67 -DFTXHV3RQV5DEHODLVSDPSKOpWDLUHDQWLEULWDQQLTXH««««««««««««« J 3 mai 1LFRODH7DIWD18-07 Jean-Pierre/HVUHODWLRQVFXOWXUHOOHVIUDQFRURXPDLQHVDXFRX Navailles Peinture de la société anglaiseUVGHVVLqFOHV«««« à l’époque 81 'DQLHO/RFNHU eSLJpQpWLTXHRXpWXGHGHODWHFWRQLTXHGHVJqQHVvictorienne ««««««««« J 17 mai &ODXGH6LFDUG18-08 Sébastien Bertrand/HVSHUVSHFWLYHVGpPRJUDSKLTXHVPRQGLDOHVjO¶KRU Park Chung-hee (1917-1979)L]RQ : L'homme de fer du - YHUVXQPRQGHKRUVGHFRQWU{OH"«««««««««««««««« miracle économique sud-coréen -DFTXHV9DUHW 1RXYHDX[PpWDX[VWUDWpJLTXHVHQMHX[SRXUO¶(XURSH«««««««« J 21 juin 18-09 Philippe Baguenault Le golf : des landes d'Écosse au golf moderne: 97 0LFKHO*DXWKLHU8QFRXSGHGpMDPDLVQ¶DEROLUDOHKD]DUGGHUQLHUSRqPH««««« Gde PuchesseH6WpSKDQH0DOODUP Lap Ryder Cup en France en 2018, un événement mondial J 18 octobre 18-10 Claude-Henri Joubert Camus et la musique 111 J 22 novem. $EVWUDFWVLQ(QJOLV18-11 PatrickK Masure «««««««««««««««««««««««««««« Victor Jacquemont (1801-1832) 131 J 6 décemb. 18-12 Jean-René Perrin Évolution de la pensée médicale en France de - 'vQHUGpEDW ,QYLWpH$QGUpH&RUYRO /DIRUrWHQMHX[G¶DXWUHIRLVHWHQMHX[G¶DXMRXUG¶KXL««««««««ses origines à nos jours J 20 décem. 18-13 Jean-Pierre Guilloteau Chronobiologie et chronothérapie 145 J 4 Janvier 6RUWLHDQQXHOOH18-b1 Marius Ptak Brève : le prix Nobel de physique 2017 155 0'HFN3*LOODUGRW&/RGGp00RQVLJQ\/DEDLHGH6RPPH««««««««««««« Première observation expérimentale directe des 9DULD ondes gravitationnelles J 4 Janvier &KULVWLDQ)URLVVDUW18-b2 Daniel Locker9LVLWHGHMDUGLQ«««««««««««««««««««««« Brève : le prix Nobel de physiol. & médec. 2017 161 *pUDUG+RFPDUG 8QDYHQLUVRXVVXUYHLOODQFH«««««««««««««««««« Les rythmes biologiques : la vie, une question de 0DULXV3WDN3UL[1REHOGHSK\VLTXH««««««««««««««««« rythme LeLe golf golf National National de de Saint Saint-Qu-Quentinentin en en Yv Yvelineelines s J 4 Janvier 0LFKHO0RQVLJQ\18-b3 François Kergall3UL[1REHOGHSK\VLRORJLHHWPpGHFLQH««« Brève : découverte d'un bioadhésif«««««««« remarquable 165 0DULXV3WDN¬SURSRVGHO¶HIIHW$OODLV«««««««««««««««««« inspiré de la bave de limace. LeLe golf golf National National de de SaintSaint--Quentinentin en en Yv Yvelineelines s *pUDUG/DXYHUJHRQ $QDWROH%DLOO\««««««««««««««««««««««« J 8 novemb.0LFKHO0RQVLJQ\ 18-b4 André Brack/DEDFWpULH(VFKpULFKLDFROL««««««««««««««««« Les prix Nobel de Chimie en 2018 « 169 J 8 novemb 18-b5 Christian Froissart Les Dahlias sauvages 171 J 8 novemb 1RVFRQIUqUHVSXEOLHQW18-b6 Jacqueline««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««« Suttin Le Civil et le Religieux, distincts et inséparables 177 de Pierre Muckensturm +RPPDJHV ANNÉEANNÉE 2018 2018 L 28 mai -DFTXHOLQH6XWWLQ18-c0 Colloque' RFWHXU-DFTXHV%pQDUG««««««««««««««««««Tout est chimie : tout n'est que chimie 185 18-c1 André Brack La chimie à l’origine de la vie 187 ANNÉE 2018 5REHUW0XVVRQ 0DvWUH/RXLV6DYRW««««««««««««««««««««« e e *pUDUG+RFP18-c2 DUGMyriam Rouet'RFWHXU2OLYLHU6pYHUDF«««««««««««««««««««-Meunier La chimie en Région Centre Val de Loire 197 ANNÉEVIVI Série Série 2018: Tome: Tome 28 28 e 18-c3 Michel Monsigny La chimie de la cellule vivante 203 VI Série : Tome 28 $VVHPEOpHJpQpUDOHGXIpYULHU 18-c4 Olivier Martin La chimie des sucres (résumé) 219 e VolumeVolume édité édité en en 2019 2019 5DSSRUWG¶DFWLYLWp«««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««« VI Série : Tome 28 5DSSRUWPRUDO««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««18-c5 Jean-Yves Mérour Chimie et arts 221 Volume édité en 2019 18-c6 Jean-Claude Bernier Chimie et énergie 247 Volume édité en 2019 J 29 novem. 0HPEUHVGHO¶$FDGpPLH 18-dd Gérard Tendron«««««««««««««««««««««««««««««« La biodiversité : mythe ou réalité. Dîner-débat 257 M 12 M 13 juin 18-v Brack Deck Froissart Voyage de l’Académie : Le Nord de l’Auvergne 263 $FDGpPLHVHW6RFLpWpVFRUUHVSRQGDQWHV«««««««««««««««««««««««« ARTS ET BELLES-LETTRES SCIENCES, AGRICULTURE, D’ORLÉANS ACADÉMIE 5,5, rue rue Antoine Antoine Petit Petit 45000 45000 Orléans Orléans 5, rue Antoinehttp://www.lacado.frhttp://www.lacado.fr Petit 45000 Orléans http://www.lacado.fr 2018 5, rue Antoine Petit 45000 Orléans http://www.lacado.fr ISSN 0994-6357 Éditorial Vous trouverez dans ces Mémoires le reflet de nos activités de l’année 2018. Outre les communications reproduites ici, nous avons organisé un colloque sur la chimie le 28 mai (« Tout est chimie »), un voyage en Auvergne les 12 et 13 juin, et un dîner-débat le 29 novembre (« Le concept de biodiversité, mythes et réalités ») avec Gérard Tendron, secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie d’Agriculture. Enfin des membres de l’Académie d’Orléans ont participé à la Conférence nationale des académies qui a eu lieu à Strasbourg et Colmar du 3 au 6 octobre 2018. Nous n’avons pu faire cette année qu’une séance publique (« Camus et la musique ») dans la salle du Conservatoire de musique, et je le regrette vivement. Il est de plus en plus difficile de trouver des salles libres aux dates qui sont les nôtres à des prix décents. Nous attendons beaucoup de la réouverture du MOBE (Muséum d’Orléans pour la biodiversité et l’environnement) dont nous savons qu’il nous accueillera dans de bonnes conditions. Je rappelle que ce sont les membres de l’Académie qui proposent eux-mêmes les thèmes des communications. Il n’y a pas de comité de lecture qui choisit, ou refuse, les sujets traités. Cela ne nuit pas à la diversité et à l’équilibre de l’ensemble, comme vous pourrez le constater, puisque nous vous offrons un vaste parcours, allant, entre autres, du concile de Trente (auquel participe un prêtre d’Olivet) au Transhumanisme, en passant par le Val Dhuy et le lac Tchad, de savoureuses caricatures de la société victorienne, le miracle sud-coréen, jusqu’à la chronobiologie et la chronothérapeutique, sans oublier l’école et la morale, le réchauffement climatique et le golf avec la Reader Cup (en France en 2018). Je tiens à remercier Michel Monsigny pour le travail accompli pour la mise en page et l’édition de ces Mémoires. Vous avez donc une grande liberté de choix. Je vous souhaite d’en faire bon usage. Marc Baconnet Académie d'Orléans : Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. VIe série. Tome 28, 2018 3 Date 2018 Titres Pages Marc Baconnet Éditorial 1 18-00 Table des matières 3 J 18 janvier 18-01 Pierre Muckensturm L’école et la morale 5 J 1er février 18-02 Christian de Valence Le vélo en France 15 J 15 février 18-03 François Maupu Gentien Hervet et Nicolas Psaume, deux acteurs 29 du concile de Trente J 1er mars 18-04 Michel Monsigny Le transhumanisme 39 J 5 avril 18-05 François Lelong Le Sage du Val Dhuy, Loiret 53 J 19 avril 18-06 Patrick Brun Le lac Tchad 67 J 3 mai 18-07 Jean-Pierre Navailles Peinture de la société anglaise à l’époque 81 victorienne J 17 mai 18-08 Sébastien Bertrand Park Chung-hee (1917-1979) : L'homme de fer du - miracle économique sud-coréen J 21 juin 18-09 Philippe Baguenault Le golf : des landes d'Écosse au golf moderne: 97 de Puchesse La Ryder Cup en France en 2018, un événement mondial J 18 octobre 18-10 Claude-Henri Joubert Camus et la musique 111 J 22 novem. 18-11 Patrick Masure Victor Jacquemont (1801-1832) 131 J 6 décemb. 18-12 Jean-René Perrin Évolution de la pensée médicale en France de - ses origines à nos jours J 20 décem. 18-13 Jean-Pierre Guilloteau Chronobiologie et chronothérapie 145 J 4 Janvier 18-b1 Marius Ptak Brève : le prix Nobel de physique 2017 155 Première observation expérimentale directe des ondes gravitationnelles J 4 Janvier 18-b2 Daniel Locker Brève : le prix Nobel de physiol. & médec. 2017 161 Les rythmes biologiques : la vie, une question de rythme J 4 Janvier 18-b3 François Kergall Brève : découverte d'un bioadhésif remarquable 165 inspiré de la bave de limace. J 8 novemb. 18-b4 André Brack Les prix Nobel de Chimie en 2018 169 J 8 novemb 18-b5 Christian Froissart Les Dahlias sauvages 171 J 8 novemb 18-b6 Jacqueline Suttin Le Civil et le Religieux, distincts et inséparables 177 de Pierre Muckensturm L 28 mai 18-c0 Colloque Tout est chimie : tout n'est que chimie 185 18-c1 André Brack La chimie à l’origine de la vie 187 18-c2 Myriam Rouet-Meunier La chimie en Région Centre Val de Loire 197 18-c3 Michel Monsigny La chimie
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    SAVANNA FIRE AND THE ORIGINS OF THE “UNDERGROUND FORESTS” OF AFRICA Olivier Maurin1, *, T. Jonathan Davies1, 2, *, John E. Burrows3, 4, Barnabas H. Daru1, Kowiyou Yessoufou1, 5, A. Muthama Muasya6, Michelle van der Bank1 and William J. Bond6, 7 1African Centre for DNA Barcoding, Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; 2Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Quebec, Canada; 3Buffelskloof Herbarium, P.O. Box 710, Lydenburg, 1120, South Africa; 4Department of Plant Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; 5Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida campus, Florida 1710, Gauteng, South Africa; 6Department of Biological Sciences and 7South African Environmental Observation Network, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Western Cape, South Africa *These authors contributed equally to the study Author for correspondence: T. Jonathan Davies Tel: +1 514 398 8885 Email: [email protected] Manuscript information: 5272 words (Introduction = 1242 words, Materials and Methods = 1578 words, Results = 548 words, Discussion = 1627 words, Conclusion = 205 words | 6 figures (5 color figures) | 2 Tables | 2 supporting information 1 SUMMARY 1. The origin of fire-adapted lineages is a long-standing question in ecology. Although phylogeny can provide a significant contribution to the ongoing debate, its use has been precluded by the lack of comprehensive DNA data. Here we focus on the ‘underground trees’ (= geoxyles) of southern Africa, one of the most distinctive growth forms characteristic of fire-prone savannas. 2. We placed geoxyles within the most comprehensive dated phylogeny for the regional flora comprising over 1400 woody species.
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    I I I Mite-plant mutualism: I leaf domatia of African plants house beneficial mites. I I Anton Pauw I I I Town I Cape I of I I I University I I A fungivorous oribatid mite inside a domatium of Chionanthus foveolatus. I I Honours thesis, Department of Botany I University of Cape Town 1992 Supervisor: Prof. W .J. Bond I \ ~ 2 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgementTown of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University ofof Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University 80LUS LISRFIRY I. 0004 8337 1 I IU IIIU II Abstract ' I Leaf domatia, speci_alized chambers or hair tufts in the vein axils on the underside of leaves, are present in many woody angiosperm species. Recent surveys on four I continents have shown that mites are commonly associated with leaf domatia. This study extends the list to include the African continent. Mites in all life history stages, I including eggs, were found to be common in the domatia of two forest trees, Ocotea bullata (0.62 mites per domatium) and Chionanthusfoveolatus (1.95). Like on other I continents, the mites in the domatia of these two species belong primarily to predatory I and fungivorous taxa. Of the hypotheses offered to explain these associations, protective mutualism has received the most attention. However, only circumstantial I evidence has been presented in support of a mutually beneficial relationship.
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  • Systematics of the Hamamelidaceae Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence
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  • Field Guide to the Moist Forest Trees of Tanzania
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