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KUALITAS SILASE JERAMI PADI UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN Bacillus Circulans

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KUALITAS SILASE JERAMI PADI UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN Bacillus Circulans KUALITAS SILASE JERAMI PADI UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN Bacillus circulans SANTIKA INDRIYANI PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2019 M/1441 H KUALITAS SILASE JERAMI PADI UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN Bacillus circulans SKRIPSI Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains Pada Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta SANTIKA INDRIYANI 11150950000046 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2019 M / 1441 H ii ABSTRAK Santika Indriyani. Kualitas Silase Jerami Padi untuk Pakan Ternak Ruminansia dengan Penambahan Bacillus circulans. SKRIPSI. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2019. Dibimbing Oleh Wahidin Teguh Sasongko, M.Sc dan Etyn Yunita M.Si Ketersediaan pakan hijauan terbatas tergantung dengan musim. Jerami padi belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal untuk pakan ternak ruminansia karena kandungan nutrisinya rendah. Teknologi pakan ternak dengan pembuatan silase dapat mengawetkan sekaligus mempertahankan bahkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi bahan pakan. Bacillus circulans berpotensi untuk ditambahkan pada pembuatan silase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penambahan B.circulans pada pembuatan silase mampu meningkatkan kualitas fermentatif dan kualitas nutrisi silase jerami padi dan untuk mengetahui pada konsentrasi berapa B.circulans mampu meningkatkan kualitas fermentatif dan kualitas nutrisi silase jerami padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan penambahan B.circulans (0%, 0,075%, 0,1%, dan 0,125%) dan empat pengulangan. Analisis kualitas fermentatif dan nutrisi dilakukan pada hari ke 21. Hasil silase jerami padi dengan penambahan B.circulans 0,125% memiliki pH lebih rendah dari 0%, namun masih pada kisaran pH basa. Penambahan B.circulans 0,1% memiliki ammonia lebih rendah dari 0% dan kadar glukosa lebih tinggi dari 0%. Silase dengan 0,075%, 0,1%, dan 0,125% B.circulans memiliki nilai bahan kering lebih rendah dari 0%. Penambahan B.circulans konsentrasi 0%, 0,075%, 0,1%, dan 0,125% tidak mempengaruhi nilai total volatile fatty acid, aktivitas enzim selulase, bahan organik, lemak kasar, neutral detergent fiber dan acid detergent fiber. Penambahan B.circulans yang berbeda konsentrasi belum maksimal untuk meningkatkan kualitas fermentatif dan kualitas nutrisi silase jerami padi. Kata kunci: Bacillus circulans, Jerami Padi, Silase vi ABSTRACT Santika Indriyani. Quality of Rice Straw Silage for Ruminant Animal Feed With The Addition of Bacillus circulans. Undergraduated Thesis. Department Of Biology. Faculty of Science and Technology. State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2019. Supervised by Wahidin Teguh Sasongko, M.Sc and Etyn Yunita M.Sc The availability of forage food is limited depending on the season. Rice straw has not been used maximally for ruminant animal feed because of its low nutrient content. Animal feed technology by making silage can preserve and also maintaining and can even improve the nutritional quality of feed ingredients. Bacillus circulans has the potential to be added to making silage. This study aims to determine whether the addition of B.circulans to silage production can improve the fermentative quality and nutritional quality of rice straw silage and to find out at what concentration B.circulans can improve the fermentative quality and nutritional quality of rice straw silage. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments adding B.circulans (0%, 0,075%, 0,1%, and 0,125%) and four repetitions. Fermentative and nutritional quality analysis was carried out on Day 21. The results of rice straw silage with the addition of B.circulans 0,125% had a pH lower than 0%, but still in the alkaline pH range. The addition of 0.1% B.circulans has ammonia lower than 0% and glucose levels higher than 0%. Silage with 0,075%, 0,1%, and 0,125% B.circulans has a dry matter value lower than 0%. The addition of B.circulans concentrations 0%, 0,075%, 0,1%, and 0,125% did not affect the total volatile fatty acid value, cellulase enzyme activity, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. The addition of different B.circulans concentrations has not been maximized to improve the fermentative quality and nutritional quality of rice straw silage. Keywords: Bacillus circulans, Rice Straw, Silage vii KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT atas segala limpaham rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga penulis diberikan kemudahan dalam menyusun skripsi ini. Skripsi merupakan tugas akhir yang harus ditempuh sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana sains pada Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Skripsi berjudul “Kualitas Silase Jerami Padi untuk Pakan Ternak Ruminansia dengan Penambahan Bacillus circulans”. Penulis menyampaikan rasa terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membimbing dan membantu dalam meyusun skripsi ini, ucapan terimakasih ditujukan kepada: 1. Prof. Dr. Lily Surayya Eka Putri, M.Env. Stud selaku Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta yang telah memberikan izin pelaksanaan penelitian. 2. Dr. Priyanti, M.Si selaku Ketua Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta serta jajarannya yang telah memberikan izin pelaksanaan penelitian. 3. Wahidin Teguh Sasongko M.Sc selaku pembimbing 1 yang telah membimbing serta membantu dalam melaksakan penelitian dan penyusunan skripsi. 4. Etyn Yunita M.Si selaku pembimbing 2 yang telah membantu dalam memberikan nasihat, saran dan bimbingan dalam menyusun skripsi. 5. Dr. Megga Ratnasari Pikoli, M.Si dan Dr. Fahma Wijayanti, M.Si selaku dosen penguji seminar proposal dan seminar hasil yang telah memberikan kritik dan saran dalam penulisan skripsi. 6. Dr. Agus Salim, S.Ag., M.Si dan Dr. Dasumiati, M.Si selaku dosen penguji sidang munaqosyah yang telah memberikan kritik dan saran dalam penulisan skripsi. 7. Pusat Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (PAIR- BATAN) Laboratorium Biologi, bidang nutrisi ternak yang telah menyediakan tempat, alat, bahan, dan arahan dalam pelaksanaan penelitian. viii 8. Teguh Wahyono, S.Pt, M.Si, Shintia Nugrahini Wahyu Hardani, A.md, Nana Mulyana,S.ST, Yunida Maharani yang telah membimbing kerja di Laboratorium. 9. Seluruh Dosen Program Studi Biologi yang telah memberikan ilmu pengetahuan dan nasihat kepada penulis. 10. Ayah, Ibu, kakak dan keluarga yang selalu mendoakan, memberi motivasi serta dukungan moril dan materil dalam melaksanakan perkuliahan jenjang S1 hingga menyusun skripsi. 11. Nariswari Fidara, Austina Luthfiyanti dan Nurdia Ekani yang telah membantu dalam melaksanakan penelitian dan memberikan dukungan sehingga penulis dapat menyusun dan menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 12. Kirana Sukma Padmadya yang telah memberikan dukungan semangat, doa, serta motivasi sehingga penulis dapat menyusun dan menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 13. Teman-teman Program Studi Biologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta angkatan 2015 yang telah memberikan banyak dukungan moril. Demikianlah skripsi ini disusun. Penulis berharap agar penulisan skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih belum sempurna dan masih banyak kekurangan. Tangerang Selatan, November 2019 Penulis ix DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ vi KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... x DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................... xi DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................... xiii BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1 1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................... 3 1.3 Hipotesis Penelitian ............................................................................ 3 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................ 3 1.5 Manfaat ............................................................................................... 3 1.6 Kerangka Berfikir ............................................................................... 4 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ....................................................................... 5 2.1 Silase ................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Jerami Padi.......................................................................................... 8 2.3 Bacillus circulans ............................................................................... 10 2.4 Zat Aditif Silase .................................................................................. 12 BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN...................................................................
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