Isoprene Feedstock
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NexantThinkingTM Special Reports C5 Chemicals: Unlocking Hidden Opportunities in Steam Crackers? Brochure January 2017 NexantThinkingTM Special Reports C5 Chemicals: Unlocking Hidden Opportunities in Steam Crackers? Brochure January 2017 A50801. Special Reports This Report was prepared by Nexant, Inc. (“Nexant”) and is part of the NexantThinking™ suite. Except where specifically stated otherwise in this Report, the information contained herein is prepared on the basis of information that is publicly available, and contains no confidential third party technical information to the best knowledge of Nexant. Aforesaid information has not been independently verified or otherwise examined to determine its accuracy, completeness or financial feasibility. Neither Nexant, Subscriber nor any person acting on behalf of either assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of or for damages resulting from the use of any information contained in this Report. Nexant does not represent or warrant that any assumed conditions will come to pass. The Report is submitted on the understanding that the Subscriber will maintain the contents confidential except for the Subscriber’s internal use. The Report should not be reproduced, distributed or used without first obtaining prior written consent by Nexant. Each Subscriber agrees to use reasonable effort to protect the confidential nature of the Report. Copyright © by Nexant Inc. 2017. All rights reserved. Contents Section Page 1 Introduction and Report Objectives ....................................................................................... -
SAFETY DATA SHEET Classified in Accordance with Health Canada Hazardous Products Regulations (SOR/2015-17)
Version: 8.0 Revision Date: 01/02/2020 SAFETY DATA SHEET Classified in accordance with Health Canada Hazardous Products Regulations (SOR/2015-17) 1. Identification Product identifier: Hydrocarbons C5 Rich Other means of identification Common name(s), Crude Isoprene; Isoprene/Piperylene Concentrate; C5 Mixture; Isoprene synonym(s): Product SDS number: NOVA-0007 Recommended use and restriction on use Recommended use: Petrochemical feedstock. Restrictions on use: All uses other than the identified. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor Information Manufacturer Company Name: NOVA Chemicals Address: P.O. Box 2518, Station M Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 5C6 Telephone: Product Information: 1-412-490-4063 SDS Information Email: [email protected] Emergency telephone number: 1-800-561-6682, 1-403-314-8767 (NOVA Chemicals) (24 hours) 2. Hazard(s) identification Hazard Classification According to Hazardous Products Regulations Physical Hazards Flammable liquids Category 1 Static-accumulating flammable liquid Category 1 Health Hazards Acute toxicity (Oral) Category 4 Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2 Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Category 2A Germ Cell Mutagenicity Category 2 Carcinogenicity Category 1B Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Category 3 Single Exposure Aspiration Hazard Category 1 Environmental Hazards Acute hazards to the aquatic Category 3 environment Chronic hazards to the aquatic Category 3 environment Label Elements Hazard Symbol: SDS_CA 1/14 Version: 8.0 Revision Date: 01/02/2020 Signal Word: Danger Hazard Statement: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour. Static accumulating flammable liquid can become electrostatically charged even in bonded and grounded equipment. Sparks may ignite liquid and vapour. May cause flash fire or explosion. Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. -
Material Safety Data Sheet SECTION 1: PRODUCT and COMPANY IDENTIFICATION SECTION 2: INGREDIENTS
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 3M™ Weatherstrip Adhesive - Black, P.N. 08011 08/26/11 Material Safety Data Sheet Copyright, 2011, 3M Company All rights reserved. Copying and/or downloading of this information for the purpose of properly utilizing 3M products is allowed provided that: (1) the information is copied in full with no changes unless prior written agreement is obtained from 3M, and (2) neither the copy nor the original is resold or otherwise distributed with the intention of earning a profit thereon. SECTION 1: PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME: 3M™ Weatherstrip Adhesive - Black, P.N. 08011 MANUFACTURER: 3M DIVISION: Automotive Aftermarket ADDRESS: 3M Center, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000 EMERGENCY PHONE: 1-800-364-3577 or (651) 737-6501 (24 hours) Issue Date: 08/26/11 Supercedes Date: 02/03/09 Document Group: 10-2974-3 Product Use: Intended Use: Automotive Specific Use: Trim Adhesive SECTION 2: INGREDIENTS Ingredient C.A.S. No. % by Wt NAPHTHA (PETROLEUM), SOLVENT-REFINED LIGHT 64741-84-0 40 - 60 HEXANE 110-54-3 10 - 30 HEPTANE 142-82-5 2 - 12 METHYLCYCLOPENTANE 96-37-7 2 - 12 2-METHYLPENTANE 107-83-5 5 - 10 3-METHYLPENTANE 96-14-0 5 - 10 POLYISOPRENE 9003-31-0 3 - 7 NAPHTHA, LIGHT STEAM-CRACKED AROM., PIPERYLENE CONC., 68478-07-9 3 - 7 POLYMD. STYRENE-BUTADIENE POLYMER 9003-55-8 3 - 7 TALC 14807-96-6 3 - 7 TOLUENE 108-88-3 3 - 7 FORMALDEHYDE, POLYMER WITH 4-(1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)PHENOL, Trade Secret 1 - 5 MAGNESIUM OXIDE COMPLEX ROSIN, POLYMD., CALCIUM AND ZINC SALTS 68188-23-8 0 - 5 ZINC RESINATE 9010-69-9 0 - 3 CYCLOHEXANE 110-82-7 < 3 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE 79-29-8 0.5 - 1.5 ETHYL ALCOHOL 64-17-5 0.1 - 1 ZINC OXIDE 1314-13-2 <= 0.23 BENZENE 71-43-2 < 0.06 _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 1 of 10 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 3M™ Weatherstrip Adhesive - Black, P.N. -
Meet Lycopene Prostate Cancer Is One of the Leading Causes of Cancer Death Among Men in the United States
UCLA Nutrition Noteworthy Title Lycopene and Mr. Prostate: Best Friends Forever Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ks510rw Journal Nutrition Noteworthy, 5(1) Author Simzar, Soheil Publication Date 2002 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Meet Lycopene Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men in the United States. Dietary factors are considered an important risk factor for the development of prostate cancer in addition to age, genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and other lifestyle factors such as smoking. Recent studies have indicated that there is a direct correlation between the occurrence of prostate cancer and the consumption of tomatoes and tomato-based products. Lycopene, one of over 600 carotenoids, is one of the main carotenoids found in human plasma and it is responsible for the red pigment found in tomatoes and other foods such as watermelons and red grapefruits. It has been shown to be a very potent antioxidant, with oxygen-quenching ability greater than any other carotenoid. Recent research has indicated that its antioxidant effects help lower the risk of heart disease, atherosclerosis, and different types of cancer-especially prostate cancer. Lycopene's Characteristics Lycopene is on of approximately 600 known carotenoids. Carotenoids are red, yellow, and orange pigments which are widely distributed in nature and are especially abundant in yellow- orange fruits and vegetables and dark green, leafy vegetables. They absorb light in the 400- 500nm region which gives them a red/yellow color. Only green plants and certain microorganisms such as fungi and algae can synthesize these pigments. -
33 34 35 Lipid Synthesis Laptop
BI/CH 422/622 Liver cytosol ANABOLISM OUTLINE: Photosynthesis Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Animals Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Lipids Fatty Acids Triacylglycerides contrasts Membrane lipids location & transport Glycerophospholipids Synthesis Sphingolipids acetyl-CoA carboxylase Isoprene lipids: fatty acid synthase Ketone Bodies ACP priming 4 steps Cholesterol Control of fatty acid metabolism isoprene synth. ACC Joining Reciprocal control of b-ox Cholesterol Synth. Diversification of fatty acids Fates Eicosanoids Cholesterol esters Bile acids Prostaglandins,Thromboxanes, Steroid Hormones and Leukotrienes Metabolism & transport Control ANABOLISM II: Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids & Lipids Lipid Fat Biosynthesis Catabolism Fatty Acid Fatty Acid Synthesis Degradation Ketone body Utilization Isoprene Biosynthesis 1 Cholesterol and Steroid Biosynthesis mevalonate kinase Mevalonate to Activated Isoprenes • Two phosphates are transferred stepwise from ATP to mevalonate. • A third phosphate from ATP is added at the hydroxyl, followed by decarboxylation and elimination catalyzed by pyrophospho- mevalonate decarboxylase creates a pyrophosphorylated 5-C product: D3-isopentyl pyrophosphate (IPP) (isoprene). • Isomerization to a second isoprene dimethylallylpyrophosphate (DMAPP) gives two activated isoprene IPP compounds that act as precursors for D3-isopentyl pyrophosphate Isopentyl-D-pyrophosphate all of the other lipids in this class isomerase DMAPP Cholesterol and Steroid Biosynthesis mevalonate kinase Mevalonate to Activated Isoprenes • Two phosphates -
United States Patent' Office
' Patented Feb. 7, i950 - 2,496,868 UNITED STATES PATENT‘ OFFICE 2,496,868 POLYMERS OF 3-VINYLPYRENE Ralph G. Flowers, Pitts?eld, Mass., assignm- to to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application May 13, 1948, ' , Serial No. 26,940 12 Claims. (Cl. 260—87.3) 2 This invention relates to polymers and co such as boron tri?uoride, are used. aperiod of polymers of vinyl compounds and to methods of time elapses between the addition of the catalyst , preparing same. More particularly, the inven and the beginning of the polymerization. This tion-ia concerned with new and useful composi tendency is particularly marked when the poly tions of matter comprising the product of poly merization is carried out at elevated tempera merization of a mass comprising 3-vinylpyrene. tures. A very large amount of solvent often in In my copending application, Serial No. 26,939, hibits or retards the polymerization of the mono ?led concurrently herewith and assigned to the mer or comonomers to the extent that polymer same assignee as the present invention, there are ization is not e?ected in a reasonable time. disclosed and claimed 3-vinylpyrene and methods 10 Another method which has been found effective - of preparing the same. I have now discovered in preparing the homopolymers and copolymers that this monomeric material may be polymer of the instant claimed invention includes ‘the ized or copolymerized with other polymerizable preparation of an intimate mixture of the mono compositions to yield valuable and useful com- ' meric materials by preparing a suspension or positions of matter. -
Enhanced Lycopene Production in Escherichia Coli by Expression of Two MEP Pathway Enzymes from Vibrio Sp
catalysts Article Enhanced Lycopene Production in Escherichia coli by Expression of Two MEP Pathway Enzymes from Vibrio sp. Dhg 1, 1, 1 1, Min Jae Kim y, Myung Hyun Noh y , Sunghwa Woo , Hyun Gyu Lim * and Gyoo Yeol Jung 1,2,* 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea; [email protected] (M.J.K.); [email protected] (M.H.N.); [email protected] (S.W.) 2 School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.G.L.); [email protected] (G.Y.J.); Tel.: +82-54-279-2391 (G.Y.J.) These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 28 October 2019; Accepted: 26 November 2019; Published: 29 November 2019 Abstract: Microbial production is a promising method that can overcome major limitations in conventional methods of lycopene production, such as low yields and variations in product quality. Significant efforts have been made to improve lycopene production by engineering either the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway or mevalonate (MVA) pathway in microorganisms. To further improve lycopene production, it is critical to utilize metabolic enzymes with high specific activities. Two enzymes, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (Dxs) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (IspA), are required in lycopene production using MEP pathway. Here, we evaluated the activities of Dxs and IspA of Vibrio sp. dhg, a newly isolated and fast-growing microorganism. -
Comparison of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Broad Leaved and Coniferous Trees in Turkey
Environmental Impact II 647 Comparison of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from broad leaved and coniferous trees in Turkey Y. M. Aydin1, B. Yaman1, H. Koca1, H. Altiok1, Y. Dumanoglu1, M. Kara1, A. Bayram1, D. Tolunay2, M. Odabasi1 & T. Elbir1 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey 2Department of Soil Science and Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, Turkey Abstract Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from thirty-eight tree species (twenty broad leaved and eighteen coniferous) grown in Turkey were measured. BVOC samples were collected with a specialized dynamic enclosure technique in forest areas where these tree species are naturally grown. In this method, the branches were enclosed in transparent nalofan bags maintaining their natural conditions and avoiding any source of stress. The air samples from the inlet and outlet of the bags were collected on an adsorbent tube containing Tenax. Samples were analyzed using a thermal desorption (TD) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system. Sixty-five BVOC compounds were analyzed in five major groups: isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpens, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and other oxygenated VOCs. Emission factors were calculated and adjusted to standard conditions (1000 μmol/m2 s photosynthetically active radiation-PAR and 30°C temperature). Consistent with the literature, broad leaved trees emitted mainly isoprene while the coniferous trees emitted mainly monoterpenes. Even though fir species are coniferous trees, they emitted significant amounts of isoprene in addition to monoterpenes. Oak species showed a large inter-species variability in their emissions. Pine species emitted mainly monoterpenes and substantial amounts of oxygenated compounds. Keywords: BVOC emissions, dynamic enclosure system, emission factor, Turkey. -
United States Patent Office Patented Sept
3,205,214 United States Patent Office Patented Sept. 7, 1965 2 usual catalytic amount of the two catalytic components 3,205,214 can be used within the range of, for example, 0.2 to about PPERYLENE POLYMERZATION Thomas B. Taicott, Wadsworth Township, Ohio, assignor 20 millimoles per 100 grams of monomer. to The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Piperylene can be polymerized by the method of the Ohio, a corporation of Ohio 5 invention either as the sole monomer or in the presence No Drawing. Filed May 15, 1961, Ser. No. 109,814 of one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated com 2 Claims. (C. 260-94.3) pound, with which it may or may not copolymerize, de pending upon the specific monomer and the specific cata This invention relates to the polymerization of piperyl lyst combination. For instance, a mixed hydrocarbon ene, either cis-piperylene or trans-piperylene or a mixture O stream containing both piperylene and isoprene can be of the two, and other monomers may be present. The treated to polymerizing conditions in accordance with the invention relates more particularly to a process of polym-. invention to polymerize the piperylene selectively, leaving erization using a catalyst containing iodine, either in com all or most of the isoprene in the stream unpolymerized. bined or initially uncombined form. A different catalyst ratio or combination within the scope A piperylene polymer produced by the invention con 15 of the invention can be utilized to produce a piperylene tain in the piperylene portion over 98 percent 1,4-addi isoprene copolymer. -
Investigation of Antifungal Mechanisms of Thymol in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Cryptococcus Neoformans
molecules Article Investigation of Antifungal Mechanisms of Thymol in the Human Fungal Pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans Kwang-Woo Jung 1,*, Moon-Soo Chung 1, Hyoung-Woo Bai 1,2 , Byung-Yeoup Chung 1 and Sungbeom Lee 1,2,* 1 Radiation Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; [email protected] (M.-S.C.); [email protected] (H.-W.B.); [email protected] (B.-Y.C.) 2 Department of Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Yuseong-gu, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.-W.J.); [email protected] (S.L.) Abstract: Due to lifespan extension and changes in global climate, the increase in mycoses caused by primary and opportunistic fungal pathogens is now a global concern. Despite increasing attention, limited options are available for the treatment of systematic and invasive mycoses, owing to the evo- lutionary similarity between humans and fungi. Although plants produce a diversity of chemicals to protect themselves from pathogens, the molecular targets and modes of action of these plant-derived chemicals have not been well characterized. Using a reverse genetics approach, the present study re- vealed that thymol, a monoterpene alcohol from Thymus vulgaris L., (Lamiaceae), exhibits antifungal Cryptococcus neoformans activity against by regulating multiple signaling pathways including cal- cineurin, unfolded protein response, and HOG (high-osmolarity glycerol) MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways. Thymol treatment reduced the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ by Citation: Jung, K.-W.; Chung, M.-S.; Bai, H.-W.; Chung, B.-Y.; Lee, S. -
TERPENES : Structural Classification and Biological Activities
IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy And Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 16, Issue 3 Ser. I (May – June 2021), PP 25-40 www.Iosrjournals.Org TERPENES : structural classification and biological activities Florence Déclaire Mabou1*, Irma Belinda Nzeuwa Yossa2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96 Dschang, Cameroon 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 96 Dschang, Cameroon Corresponding author : (F.D. Mabou) Abstract Terpenes is a large group of compounds found in flowers, stems, leaves, roots and other parts of numerous plant species. They are built up from isoprene units with the general formula (C5H8)n. They can be grouped into classes according to the number of isoprene units (n) in the molecule: hemiterpenes (C5H8), monoterpenes (C10H16), sesquiterpenes (C15H24), diterpenes (C20H32), triterpenes (C30H48), tetraterpenes (C40H64), and polyterpenes (C5H8)n. Most of the terpenoids with the variation in their structures are biologically active and are used worldwide for the treatment of many diseases. Many terpenoids inhibited different human cancer cells and are used as anticancer drugs such as Taxol and its derivatives. Many flavorings and nice fragrances are consisting on terpenes because of its nice aroma. Terpenes and its derivatives are used as antimalarial drugs such as artemisinin and related compounds. Meanwhile, terpenoids play a diverse role in the field of foods, drugs, cosmetics, hormones, vitamins, and so on. This chapterprovides classification, biological activities and distribution of terpenes isolated currently from different natural sources. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 04-05-2021 Date of Acceptance: 17-05-2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. -
What Is Coenzyme Q10 (Coq10)?
What is Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)? CoQ10 is a benzoquinone containing 10 isoprene units, which allows it to diffuse rapidly through the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this setting, the molecule works as a lipophilic electron carrier for the respiratory chai n, transferring electrons from NADH, succinate and fatty acid oxidation intermediates to cytochromes. In other words, CoQ10 functions as an intermediary between two -electron carriers and the one -electron cytochromes (1). CoQ10 may also act as an antioxidan t (2). protecting cell structures (3). and other cell membranes (4). from oxidative damage by preventing lipid peroxidation. Since congestive heart failure is often accompanied by oxidative damage to the myocardium (5). and since CoQ10 levels are often dec reased in the myocardial cells of advanced heart failure patients (6). it is possible that supplementing CoQ10 levels could help alleviate the severity of heart disease. This hypothesis is bolstered by the fact that myocardial CoQ10 deficiency correlates with heart failure severity (6,7). To test the validity of this idea, let us examine the effects of CoQ10 in treating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) HCM is characterized primarily by a thickenin g of the left ventricle walls (usually the septal), as well as by significant impairment of left ventricular filling. Although standard disease treatment calls for negative inotropic drugs, this regimen relieves pain and palpitations without decreasing wal l thickness, and generally leads to worse fatigue and dyspnea. Given the decreased CoQ10 levels in diseased heart tissue, it is possible that the heart wall thickens in response to decreased myocardial energy production, such that cells become larger to co mpensate for reduced contractile efficiency.