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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-78041-4 - Indo-Persian Travels in the Age of Discoveries, 1400-1800 Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam Index More information Index Page numbers in bold indicate as illustration. Ab-i Zarb, 267–8 Aftabchi, Jauhar, 304 ‘Abbas I, Shah, 92, 265 Afzal Khan, 125 ‘Abbas ibn ’Abdal Muttalib, 208–9 Agra, 112, 120, 139, 346, 349 ‘Abdun Nabi, Shaikh, 300 Ahmad Pasha, 230–1 ‘Abdul Karim. See Shahristani Ahmad Rijaluddin, 295 ‘Abdul Latif, 121 Ahmad Sa‘id, Haji Sayyid, 297 ‘Abdul Momin Khan, 127 Ahmad Shah, 104, 105, 106–7, 289, 290 ‘Abdul Qadir, Khwaja, 245, 248, 317–27, 328 Ahmadabad, 100, 105, 106–7, 309, 311 ‘Abdul Wahhab, Maulana ’Afif-ud-Din, 61 Ahmadnagar kingdom, 94 ‘Abdullah bin ’Umar, 319 Ahrar, Hazrat Khwaja, 307 Abdu¨llhamid, Sultan, 314, 317, 324, 325 Ahsan, Sayyid, 52 ‘Abdur Rahim Khan-i Khanan, 20, 309 Ajmer, 134, 154, 155, 363 ‘Abdur Razzaq. See Samarquandi Akbar, Mughal emperor Abhari, Maulana Shams-ud-Din Akbar Na¯ma, 304 Muhammad, 80 and Bayazid Bayat, 305, 307, 310, 312 Abiward, 252 Bihbahani on, 241 Abiwardi, Husain, 43 Bihishti on, 226 Abraham, 210, 276 end of reign, 130–1 Abu Bakr, Sayyid, 310 foreign relations, 299–300 Abu Hanifa, Imam, 274 golden age, 179 Abu Ja‘far Muhammad, 209 Seydi ‘Ali on, 116–17 Abu Numay II, Sharif, 299 Akbar, Prince Muhammad, 180, 210, 214, 216 Abu Shahr, 316, 319 Akbarabad, 225 Abu Sufyan, 35 ‘Ala, 276 Abu’l Bey, 125–6 ‘Ala-ud-Din, Maulana, 50, 51 Abu’l Fath, 51 Alam, Muzaffar, 130 Abu’l Fazl, Shaikh, 299, 304 ‘Alam Shah, Mughal emperor, 316 Abu’l Mansur Safdar Jang, 283, 289, 290 ‘Alamgir II, 290 Aceh, 150 ‘Alawi Khan, 271, 273, 282, 284, 286, 290 Adam Khan, 52 Albania, 7 Addanki, 144 Albuquerque, Bra´s de, 337 Aden, 96, 307 Aleppo, 26, 34–5, 42, 43, 97, 113, 268, 345 ‘Adil Shah, 288–9 Alexander I, 113, 167 ‘Adil Shah II, Ibrahim, 346, 347, 349, 350 Alexandretta, 345 ‘Adil Shahi Sultans, 146, 345, 348 Alexandria, 317 Afghan, Malik Muhammad Khan, 50 ‘Ali, Hazrat, 160, 195, 275, 321 Afghanistan, 17, 45, 133 ‘Ali Agha, 105, 322 Afghans, 224, 225, 230, 231, 252, 286, 289 ‘Ali Beg, 303 Afrasiyab Beg, 303 ‘Ali Gauhar, 290 384 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-78041-4 - Indo-Persian Travels in the Age of Discoveries, 1400-1800 Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam Index More information Index 385 ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, Imam, 193, 276 Astrakhan, 85, 100 ‘Ali ibn Husain, 37 astrology, 163 ‘Ali Khan, Ghulam, 316, 317, 318, 319, 322–3 astronomy, 112, 113, 116 ‘Ali Khan, Haidar, 317 Aubin, Jean, 46, 50, 176 ‘Ali Khan, Ja‘far, 282 Aubonne, 355, 357 ‘Ali Khan, Kalb-i, 184 Aurangabad, 207 ‘Ali Khan, Lutf, 317, 322 Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor, 219, ‘Ali Mardan Khan, 156–7 222, 226–7, 303 ‘Ali Musa Raza, Imam, 27, 210, 269–70 authorship, 360–1 ‘Ali Quli Khan, 287–9 Avicenna (Hakim bu ‘Ali ibn Sina), 1, 208 ‘Ali Sher Nawa’i, Mir, 112 Awadh, 240, 241, 242, 256, 362 Alivardi Khan, 282 Awghan, 80 Allahabad, 133, 282, 283 Ayuthia, 150, 164, 165, 168 Altai mountains, 16 Ayyub (Job), 265–6 Alwand mountains, 222 ‘Azd-ul-mulk, 53 Amasya, peace of (1555), 101 Azfari, Mirza ‘Ali Bakht, 362–3 Amir Khan, 212, 283–4, 285 ‘Azmat, Shah, 151 Amir-ud-Din, Maulana, 52 Amman, 141 Baba ‘Ali Beg, 252 ‘Amr bin Ma’dikarb, 61 Baba Khatun, 33 Amuli, Talib, 130 Babur, Mughal emperor, 20, 21, 22, Anajpur, 144 93, 95, 237, 307, 362 Andakhu’i, Mirza Khan, 310, 311 Badakhshan, 100 Anjumani, Mirza Baqi, 125 Baghdad Ankara, 101 ‘Abdul Karim in, 274 anonymous writer, 24–43 fall to Mongols (1258), 46 Antilles, 341 fall to Ottomans (1534), 96 Anwari, 24, 58 Hazin in, 231 ‘Aqaba, 36 Mufid in, 180, 211 ‘Aqibat Mahmud, Khwaja, 248 Ottoman subjugation, 222, 232 Aqui’a Qarshash, 33 Seydi ’Ali in, 97, 101 Arabia, 298 shrines, 195 Arabian Nights, 4, 8 Baghdadi, Khwaja Muhammad, 82 Arabic, 23, 331 Baha-ud-Din, Maulana, 50, 54 ‘Arafa, 276 Baha-ud-Din Zakariya, Shaikh, 110 ‘Arafat, 26, 40 Bahadur, Sultan, 326 Arakan, 131 Bahadur Khan, 122 Arasang, 27 Bahadur Shah, 219 Arcot, 316, 362 Bahardurpur, 50 Ardagni, Mulla Muhammad, 211 Bahman Shah, Sultan ‘Ala-ud-Din Arghuns, 100, 109, 110, 116 Hamad, 77–8 Armenia, 25, 44 Bahman Shah, Sultan ‘Ala-ud-Din Arsalan Agha, 301 Hasan, 47 Asad, Malik, 104 Bahman Shah, Sultan Firuz, 53 Asad Beg, 121, 347, 349 Bahman Shah, Sultan Muhammad, 87 Asad Khan, 86, 87, 88–9 Bahmani dynasty, 45, 47, 67, 83, Asaf Khan, 122, 128, 179, 223, 227 86, 146, 179 Asaf-ud-Daula, 290 Bahrain, 97, 232 ascetics, 136, 145 Bahur, 212 Ashfar, Iraj, 180 Bairam Khan, 117, 309 Ashub, Muhammad Bakhsh, 289, 290 Bait ul-Haram, 41 Asir (fort), 225 Bakanur, 79 ‘Askari, Hasan al-Zaki, Imam, 195 Bakhshi, Khwaja, 113 Astarabad, 231 Balkans, Ottoman expansion, 130 Astarabadi, Aqa Muhammad, 165–6, 169 Balkh, 80, 132, 133, 244, 264, 266 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-78041-4 - Indo-Persian Travels in the Age of Discoveries, 1400-1800 Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam Index More information 386 Index Balkhi, Mahmud bin Amir Wali Bhander, 51 distanced view, 142–50 Bharuch, 105, 107, 311 generally, 94, 131–59, 172 Bi-kesi, Munla, 116 hearsay routes, 148–50 Bidar, 47, 87, 88, 89–90 homesickness, 156–9 Bihar, 47, 141 marriage, 151 Bihbahani, Aqa Ahmad, 240–2, 329–30 Muharram celebrations, 322 Bihishti Herawi, 221–8 narrative interest, 312 Bijanagar, 70 participant observer, 139–42 Bijapur, 146, 345, 346–7, 349 shipwreck, 150–6 Bijoyram Sen, 12 Tirupati temple, 147, 159, 357 Biruni, Abu Raihan Muhammad ibn view from below, 131–9, 177, 178 Ahmad al-, 2 wonders of India, 212 Black Sea, 6, 85 Baluch Khan, 107–8 Boeschoten, Hendrik, 7 Banak, 321 Bombay, 168, 240 Banarasidas, 94 Bosnia, 7 Bandar ‘Abbas, 159, 161, 176, 230, Brahmins, 23, 70, 76, 138, 143, 147, 356 231, 232, 233, 240 Brandenburg, Friedrich-Wilhelm, Bangash, Muhammad Khan, 284 Elector of, 357 Bangash country, 260 Brazil, 337–8, 341 Bangash Nawwabs, 289 brothels, 73 Banians, 356 Bruinessen, Martin van, 7 Banten, 132 Budapest, 113, 353 Baqi, 26 Buddhism, 16–17 Baqir, Imam, 37 Bukhara, 16, 123, 244 Baqir Khan, 150, 152 Bukhari, Sayyid ‘Ataullah, 313 barbarians, 346, 347, 348 Bulaqi, Kwaja Muhammad, 248 Barbosa, Duarte, 333 Burdwan, 143 Barlas, Amir Sultanshah, 80 Burhan, Sayyid, Khan of Bukhara, 100 Baroda, 52, 53, 309 Burhan-ud-Din, 52, 59 Barros, Joa˜o de, 336, 341 Burhan-ul-Mulk, 256 Bartol’d, V. V., 132 Burhanpur, 180, 205, 207, 225 Basavapatna, 144–5 Burma, 336 Basra, 96, 97, 180, 193, 195, 197, 214, 230, 232, Burton, Sir Richard, 4 298, 303, 314, 316, 321–2, 325 Bust, 157, 224 ba¯ts, 107, 108 Battista, Fulgencio, 227 Cabot, Sebastian, 340 Bayana, 46 Cabral, Pedro A´lvares, 333 Bayazid Bayat, 20, 304–12, 326, 360 Cairo, 317, 327 Bayly, C. A., 23 Calaminhan, 335 Baysungar, Mirza Sultan Muhammad Calcutta, 281, 295 bin Mirza, 61 Calicut, 55, 57, 62, 64–9, 73, 86, 88, 92, 317 bazaars, 70–1, 269, 276, 279 Calmard, Jean, 180 Bedouins, 263, 276, 277, 330 Cambay, 85, 86 Belgaum, 347 Caspian Sea, 85, 266 Belgrade, 353 Castanheda, Lopes de, 334, 336, 341 Belur, 68, 69 castes, 356 Benares, 133, 134, 140–1, 159, 282 Caucasus, 7 Bengal, 47, 62, 225, 281–2, 353, 362 Cecil, Robert, 341–2 Bengali language, 11–12, 360 C¸elebi, Katib, 9, 120 Bergeron, Pierre, 351–2 Cendrars, Blaise, 3 Berlin, 357 Central Asia Bernier, Franc¸ois, 294, 296, 352, 355 17th century, 130–1 betel-leaves, 74–5, 282 17th-century writers, 120–59 Bhakkar, 154, 156, 225, 234, 260 ‘Abdul Karim on, 264, 266–8 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-78041-4 - Indo-Persian Travels in the Age of Discoveries, 1400-1800 Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam Index More information Index 387 Mughal expedition, 302 Da Ca´ da Mosto, Alvise, 333 Persian, 23 Dabhol, 85 shared regional values, 228 Daghestan, 285–6 South Asian travel writers, 244–5 Dailami, Abdul Rashid, 219 trade routes, 247 Dal Lake, 226 Ceylon, 88, 280 Daman, 100, 103–4, 306, 308 Chaghatays, 109, 132, 226 Damascus, 7, 26, 36, 276 Chahar Ma‘sum, 37 Daniyal (Daniel), Prophet, 276 Chaharju, 266 Dankoff, Robert, 7 Chaitanya, 11 Daonapur, 142 Champaner, 105, 309, 311 Dar-ul-mulk Ahsanabad (Gulbarga), 53 Chanderi, 52 Dara Shukoh, Prince, 222 Chandernagore (Frans Danga), 281 Darmapatan, 57 Chappuzeau, Samuel, 355 Darwaza-i Sham, 41–2 Charados, 356 Darwesh, 27–8 Chardin, Jean, 352 Dasht-i-Minu, 28 Charles II, King of England, 161 Daulat, Sayyid, 311 Chaul, 86 Daulatabad, 27, 49, 53, 225 Chhatra, 52 Daulier-Deslandes, Andre´, 355 China Deccan, 23, 45, 47, 54, 82, 85, 89, 142, corpus of travel writing, 12–19, 331 146, 176, 179, 207, 216, 225, 228, early European travellers, 334, 336, 241, 290, 301, 348, 353 340–1, 342 Deccan, Sultanate, 67 ethnographic writing, 18–19 Defoe, Daniel, 4 Ming decline, 293–4 Delhi (Shahjahanabad) and Ottomans, 113–14 ‘Abdul Karim in, 249, 283 Six Dynasties period, 12 Azfari in, 362, 363 Chinapattan (Madras), 161, 163, 280 Balkhi in, 133, 137 Chinggis Khan, 16, 48 Gesudaraz, 54 Chinon, Pe`re Gabriel de, 355 Hazin in, 233 Chiragh-i-Dehli, Shaikh mosque, 269 Nasir-ud-Din, 49, 51 Mufid Mustaufi, 180, 196, 198, Chishti, Mu’in-ud-Din, 154, 363 199, 202, 204, 210, 211, 214, 219 Christians, 161–2 Mughal court, 303 Chuban Garapasi, 33 Nadir Shah’s conquest, 238–9, 242, 256–61 circumcision, 241, 267 Nadir Shah’s withdrawal from, 261–2 Cochin, 168 Seydi ‘Ali, 100, 111–18 Cochin-China, 336 Delhi, Sultanate of, 4, 23, 45–6, 47, 48 Cole, Juan, 240–1, 329 Derbend, 83 Columbus, Christopher, 333, 340 dervishes, 271 Conc¸alves, Francisco, 347 Deva Raya II, 71, 73–6, 78–9, 82 Constantinople, 113 Dharmaganga,
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  • Naqshbandi Sufi, Persian Poet

    Naqshbandi Sufi, Persian Poet

    ABD AL-RAHMAN JAMI: “NAQSHBANDI SUFI, PERSIAN POET A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Farah Fatima Golparvaran Shadchehr, M.A. The Ohio State University 2008 Approved by Professor Stephen Dale, Advisor Professor Dick Davis Professor Joseph Zeidan ____________________ Advisor Graduate Program in History Copyright by Farah Shadchehr 2008 ABSTRACT The era of the Timurids, the dynasty that ruled Transoxiana, Iran, and Afghanistan from 1370 to 1506 had a profound cultural and artistic impact on the history of Central Asia, the Ottoman Empire, and Mughal India in the early modern era. While Timurid fine art such as miniature painting has been extensively studied, the literary production of the era has not been fully explored. Abd al-Rahman Jami (817/1414- 898/1492), the most renowned poet of the Timurids, is among those Timurid poets who have not been methodically studied in Iran and the West. Although, Jami was recognized by his contemporaries as a major authority in several disciplines, such as science, philosophy, astronomy, music, art, and most important of all poetry, he has yet not been entirely acknowledged in the post Timurid era. This dissertation highlights the significant contribution of Jami, the great poet and Sufi thinker of the fifteenth century, who is regarded as the last great classical poet of Persian literature. It discusses his influence on Persian literature, his central role in the Naqshbandi Order, and his input in clarifying Ibn Arabi's thought. Jami spent most of his life in Herat, the main center for artistic ability and aptitude in the fifteenth century; the city where Jami grew up, studied, flourished and produced a variety of prose and poetry.
  • A History of Inner Asia

    A History of Inner Asia

    This page intentionally left blank A HISTORY OF INNER ASIA Geographically and historically Inner Asia is a confusing area which is much in need of interpretation.Svat Soucek’s book offers a short and accessible introduction to the history of the region.The narrative, which begins with the arrival of Islam, proceeds chrono- logically, charting the rise and fall of the changing dynasties, the Russian conquest of Central Asia and the fall of the Soviet Union. Dynastic tables and maps augment and elucidate the text.The con- temporary focus rests on the seven countries which make up the core of present-day Eurasia, that is Uzbekistan, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Sinkiang, and Mongolia. Since 1991, there has been renewed interest in these countries which has prompted considerable political, cultural, economic, and religious debate.While a vast and divergent literature has evolved in consequence, no short survey of the region has been attempted. Soucek’s history of Inner Asia promises to fill this gap and to become an indispensable source of information for anyone study- ing or visiting the area. is a bibliographer at Princeton University Library. He has worked as Central Asia bibliographer at Columbia University, New York Public Library, and at the University of Michigan, and has published numerous related articles in The Journal of Turkish Studies, The Encyclopedia of Islam, and The Dictionary of the Middle Ages. A HISTORY OF INNER ASIA Princeton University Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , United Kingdom Published in the United States by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521651691 © Cambridge University Press 2000 This book is in copyright.