perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
THE POTENCIES OF PURA MANGKUNEGARAN AS
THE CULTURAL TOURIST ATTRACTION IN SOLO
FINAL PROJECT REPORT
Submitted as a Partial Requirement in Obtaining Degree in the English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University
Wisnu Iskandar
C9308123
ENGLISH DIPLOMA PROGRAM FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2011
commit to user
i perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
ii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
iii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
MOTTO
Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and
the door will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened.
- Matthew 7:7-8 –
My salvation and my honor depend on God; He is my mighty rock,
my refuge.
-Psalm 62:7-
commit to user
iv perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
The final project is dedicated to:
My parents
My Family
All of my friends
commit to user
v perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
PREFACE
First of all, the writer would like to thank to Jesus Christ who has given
everything. Also, the writer would like to thank to all people for giving support,
guidance, and spirit in finishing this final project entitled “THE POTENCIES
OF PURA MANGKUNEGARAN AS THE CULTURAL TOURIST
ATTRACTION IN SOLO”.
In this final project report, the writer is interested in the potencies of Pura
Mangkunegaran as the culture tourist attraction. This final project also discusses
about the potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as a culture tourist attraction in Solo.
Finally, the writer realized that this final project report is far from being
perfect. Therefore, the writer needs suggestion from many sides to improve this
report. The writer hopes this final project report will be beneficial for the readers.
Surakarta, August 2nd, 2011
Wisnu Iskandar
commit to user
vi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
In the name of Jesus Christ, Who is the Most Loving, and the Most
Merciful. All praise to Jesus, the Lord of the worlds. Peace and blessing of Jesus
Christ. First of all, I would like to express my highest gratitude to Jesus Christ,
who has given me strength and everything to finish this final project. Secondly, I
would like to express my gratitude to:
1. The Dean of Letters and Fine Arts Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Drs.
Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D.
2. The Head of English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts,
Sebelas Maret University, Yusuf Kurniawan, S.S, M.A.
3. Karunia Purna K., S.S., M.Si., my supervisor, for guidance, advices and
time in writing this final project report.
4. Taufiq Al Ma’mun, S.S, my academic supervisor, for his guidance, help
and advices.
5. The local-tour guides in Pura Mangkunegaran, for giving me the
opportunity to do the job training in Pura Mangkunegaran.
6. All of lecturers of English Department, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts,
Sebelas Maret University, for the valuable knowledge and information.
7. My beloved parents and my beloved sisters and brothers, for endless
support, advices and pray.
8. My big family, for the endless support and pray. commit to user
vii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
9. The Iyyikz: Ndaru, Kholis, Nurul, Ika, for giving me a chance to know
people like you guys.
10. My beloved friends, Riris, Vera, Wiwik, Yesi, Sonia, Sari, and others, for
your support and the friendship until right now.
11. All of C class students of English Diploma, for the greatest moments that
all of you gave.
12. Mbak Heny, Mbak Susi and Mbak Devi for helping me during my study in
English Diploma.
Surakarta, August 2nd, 2011
Wisnu Iskandar
commit to user
viii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE……………………………………………………………………………....i
APPROVAL OF CONSULTANT………………………………………………...ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS…………………………….iii
MOTTO…………………………………………………………………………..iv
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………v
PREFACE………………………………………………………………………...vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT…………………………………………………………vii
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………..viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………....ix
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………....1
A. Background…………………………………………………....1
B. Objectives……………………………………………………..2
C. Benefits……………………………………………………..…2
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………..….4
A. Definition of Tourism...……………………………………….4
B. Definition of Culture Tourism..……………………………….6 commit to user C. Definition of Potency………………………………………….7
ix perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
D. Scope of Report…………………….…………………………8
CHAPTER III: DISCUSSION……………………………………………..….....9
A. Pura Mangkunegaran……………………………………….....9
B. The Potencies Of Pura Mangkunegaran as a Cuture Tourist
Attraction……………….……………………………………14
C. The Infrastructure Of Pura
Mangkunegaran…..…………………………………………..20
CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSION AND SUGESTION…………………………....22
A. Conclusion...………………………………………………….22
B. Suggestion...………………………………………………….23
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
commit to user
x perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
WISNU ISKANDAR, 2011, THE POTENCIES OF PURA
MANGKUNEGARAN AS THE CULTURAL TOURIST ATTRACTION IN SOLO, English Diploma Program, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University.
This final project is descriptive report. The writer only collected the information and drew some conclusions. The writer got the information by conducting observation, interviews, and library research (books, brochures and leaflets). The objectives of the final project report are describing the potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction and the infrastructures of Pura Mangkunegaran. The final project is entitled The Potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as The Cultural Tourist Attraction. This topic is chosen because it is considered as an interesting phenomenon. Pura Mangkunegaran is one of the interesting tourist sites to be visited in Solo. The writer gives and presents information about the cultural tourist attraction in Pura Mangkunegaran. The purposes of this Final Project are to find out and to describe the potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as a Cultural Tourist Attraction in Solo, so the readers are hoped to have a clear description about the tourist attractions in Pura Mangkunegaran. Besides, this Final Project is to describe the infrastructures of the Pura Mangkunegaran. The result of this report shows that Pura Mangkunegaran has potencies as a culture tourist attraction in Solo. The potencies are historical attractions consisting of the Pura Mangkunegaran itself, the collection in the museum and the court library; cultural events, such as traditional dances performances, gamelan playing, shadow puppets show; and some traditional ceremonies, such as Prince Coronation Anniversary, The heirlooms procession at the same time with
Javanese New Year Celebration. Besides, the infrastructure of Pura Mangkunegaran is adequate and can help to fill the needs of the tourists.
commit to user
xi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
12 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Solo is a city which has many Javanese traditions. The traditions are still
kept and preserved by the local government and people. There are many heritages
which are inherited from ancestors since long time ago. Solo also has many tourist
attractions. They are Surakarta Palace, Klewer Traditional Market, Pandawa
Waterboom, Galabo, etc. Solo also has many cultural legacies, such as traditional
dances, traditional food, Batik, Gamelan, etc. Traditions and glorious values
which are preserved until the present time has made Solo become the city of
tradition and is called as “Spirit of Java”.
Pura Mangkunegaran is one of tourist attractions in Solo. It was built on
March 17, 1757 by Prince Sambernyawa. Pura Mangkunegaran is located at
Ronggowarsito Street, Surakarta. As historical place, Pura Mangkunegaran
becomes a tourist attraction which is visited by many tourists, both local and
foreign tourists. There are many interesting things which can be seen inside Pura
Mangkunegaran. It has beautiful structure building and many historical artifacts
which are collected by the royal family. The government still tries to promote
Pura Mangkunegaran by conducting events there which involve national and
international organizations. The events are participated by local and international
delegations. Some of the events are SIEM,SIPA,etc. commit to user
1 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
Pura Mangkunegaran is Javanese palace which has influenced the
civilization and development of the dynamics of Surakarta society until now. The
culture and historical value of Pura Mangkunegaran are factors which influence
the direction of development of Solo.
Pura Mangkunegaran has important position to determine rising
competitiveness of Indonesia which is based on local genius, which will promote
the image of Indonesia in the globalized world. It means Pura Mangkunegaran has
an important role in Indonesia to create a good image especially on tourism sector.
Based on the phenomenon above, the writer wants to describe the potencies of
Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction, so the government can develop Pura
Mangkunegaran as a tourist destination as a must visited site.
B. Objectives
1. To describe the potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction.
2. To describe the infrastructures of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction in
Solo.
C. Benefits
This report is expected to give some benefits to:
1. Local Government:
a. Government knows the potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist
attraction, so they can participate in keeping and preserving Pura
Mangkunegaran as cultural and tourist attraction.
commit to user
2 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
b. Government knows the strength, the weakness, and the opportunities of Pura
Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction, so it can find the solutions of problems
which are faced by Pura Mangkunegaran.
2. Local Community:
From this report, the writer hopes that the local community will pay attention
to Pura Mangkunegaran as the artifact which has important values, so they
can participate in developing Pura Mangkunegaran indirectly.
3. Readers:
a. The reader can give more attention to the Solo tourism.
b. The reader can help the government to develop the tourism in Solo.
commit to user
3 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
commit to user
4 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Definition of Tourism
Since along time ago, human has moved from one place to other places. It
has been the characteristic of human that they are never satisfied, including with
the place where they live. The mobilization of human can be seen from the history
of the world. According to Prayogo, the adventure of Marcopolo, imperialism of
Roman Empire, the removal of Malay, the adventure of Colombus, the adventure
of human in other space are the examples of human mobilization (1976:21).
The mobilization were emerged, because of some motivations, they are:
1. Motivation of economic.
2. Motivation of politic.
3. Motivation of safety.
4. Motivation of health.
5. Motivation of resident.
6. Motivation of education.
7. Motivation of religious.
8. Motivation of culture interest.
9. Motivation of family relationship.
There are some kinds of tourism which are divided by the purpose of
doing the trip according to Nyoman S Pendit (1986: 17), they are: commit to user
1 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
1. Culture Tourism
2. Health Tourism
3. Sport Tourism
4. Industry Tourism
5. Politic Tourism
6. Convention Tourism
7. Social Tourism
8. Agriculture Tourism
9. Maritime Tourism
10. Sanctuary Tourism
11. Hunting Tourism
12. Pilgrim Tourism or Religion Tourism.
These motivations were triggered by the desires and needs that must be
fulfilled.
There are some purposes of the tourist doing a trip. Some of them doing a
trip for studying the culture or system of government from other countries, but
some of them have purpose regarding with their religions or beliefs. Along time
ago, European did a trip to get some traditional medicines or traditional medicinal
treatments as alternative choices. It is called health tourism.
According to Oka A. Yoeti, tourism is a trip which is done from one place
to other place temporarily. The tourists do not have business or earn money at the
place which is visited by them, but to enjoy the trip for recreation or to fill their
various desires Oka A Yoeti (1985:109). commit to user
2 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
The purpose of doing the tours is same although the ways which they do
are different. It means tourism has some importance factors. They are:
1. The trip is done temporarily.
2. The trip is done from one place to other place.
3. The trip must relate to recreation.
4. People who do the trip do not work to earn money at the place which is
visited. They are just a consuming there.
It can be concluded that the tourists have some purposes to do the trips and
stay temporarily.
B. Definition of Culture Tourism
Culture tourism is a place which has culture aspect which can become a
tourist attraction. In culture tourism the tourists can enjoy human creation, life
system, and art, history of nation or place, and environment condition.
According to Oka A. Yoety (1985; 113), there are two kinds of culture
tourism, they are:
1. Culture tourism based on the Object:
It means, the tourists are motivated to do a trip because there are
culture from one place which attracts people to visit, the object visited
is heritage or ancient monument.
2. Culture tourism based on the purpose.
commit to user
3 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
It means, the tourists have purpose to get information and knowledge
about other countries. Besides, they also have purpose to get
entertainment satisfaction from culture of a country, such as traditional
dances and the way of life from local society.
In addition, culture is the result of human development either real or unreal
which has aesthetic sense.
It can be concluded that culture tourism is a place which has history value
and high culture, so tourists are interested in visiting it because of its aesthetic.
The tourists visit the culture tourist attraction, because they have some
motivations. The motivations of the trip which include some culture aspects, such
as:
1. The tourists want to see nation mores in other countries.
2. The tourists want to see the custom, religious, and traditional rituals.
3. The tourists want to see some traditional performances and festival.
4. The tourists want to see traditional and primitive culture, such as
Asmat tribe, Dayak tribe, and Toraja tribe.
5. The tourists want to visit historical artifacts, monument, heritages,
temple, pyramid, etc.
Culture tourism has some positive impact. They preserve of traditional
culture and recover the culture which has traditional characteristic which is almost
forgotten, so the tourists will be more interested to visit the culture attraction.
commit to user
4 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
C. Definition of Potency
In the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Potency is “the power that
somebody or something has affect your body or mind: the potency of desire“
(2000:1332). Another definition comes from Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate
Dictionary, potency is “the quality or state of being potent; the ability or capacity
to achieve or bring about a particular result” (Merriam Webster’s, 2003:971). It
can be concluded that potency is the power or the quality of something which can
affect someone’s way of thinking.
D. Scope of Report
Pura Mangkunegaran, as a tourist destination, has history value which
cannot be neglected. Sartono Kartodirjo says that what we have in the present
time is a result of what we have been through in the past (1992:36). This report is
focused on potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as a culture tourist attraction in
Solo. The culture tourist attractions in Pura Mangkunegaran comprise historical
attraction, culture attraction, and traditional ceremony. Therefore, this report does
not include the promotion and management of Pura Mangkunegaran Tourism
Bureau.
commit to user
5 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION
A. Pura Mangkunegaran
In 1757, Raden Mas Said also known as Pengeran Samber Nyawa
established a dynasty of Mangkunegaran. It was based on the Treaty of Salatiga
on March 1757. It determined that Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat was divided
into two: Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat ruled by Paku Buwono III and
Mangkunegaran ruled by Raden Mas Said as Mangkunegara I. Raden Mas Said
was a prince of the Surakarta kingdom. He was born in Kartasura Palace on April
1725. He is one of the four Kanjeng Pangeran Arya sons, who revolted against the
king of Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat. The king later allowed Raden Mas Said
to set up his own court. He had a same position as all of kings in Java but he was
not permitted to:
Sit on the throne.
Establish “Balai Winata” (the royal meeting hall).
Have two alun-alun (big square)
Plant two Banyan trees.
The first castle of Mangkunegaran palace was built in 1757, two years
after the signing of the Giyanti Agreement in 1755 which divided the Mataram
kingdom into two: Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat ruled by Paku Buwana III
and Kasultanan Yogyakarta ruled by Mangkubumi as Hamengku Buwana II. Pura
Mangkunegaran construction was completed by Mangkunegaran IV in 1866. It is commit to user
1 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
located in the centre of Solo, on Rangga Warsita Street in Banjarsari district. Pura
Mangkunegaran is official resident of Mangkunegara which is functioned as
tourist attraction in Solo. The wide of Pura Mangkunegaran is 302.5 meters X
308.25 meters = 93,396 meters.
Pura Mangkunegaran consists of three main parts, they are:
1. Pendopo
Pendopo is used for arranging some ceremonies and royal events. It is
used for showing or practicing traditional Javanese dances. The style of Pendopo
is Joglo, traditional house style of Javanese, which is propped by four main pillars
in the centre of Pendopo. The pillars were made from a wood from Wonogiri
which was divided into four without nails. The wide of the Pendopo is 3.270
meters. It is the largest pendopo in Indonesia.
Some of material and furniture which is at Pendopo are imported from
other countries. In the front of Pendopo, there are four lions which were imported
from Berlin, Germany. The lions are the symbol of Pura Mangkunegara power.
The floor of Pendopo is made of ceramics which were imported from Carara, Italy
and the lamps were imported from Holland.
Besides, there are some sets of gamelan at Pendopo. At the west of
Pendopo, there are two sets of gamelan (traditional Javanese music orchestra).
They are Kyai Kanyut Mesem and Kyai Pelipur Lara. Gamelan Kyai Kanyut
Mesem is heritage of Pura Mangkunegara ancestors. It is often played and the
most complete gamelan in Pura Mangkunegaran. It is played every Wednesday
morning to practice traditional dance. It has been more than 200 years old. commit to user
2 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
At the east of Pendopo, there are some gamelans; they are gamelan
“Upacara, Munggang, Corobalen, and Kodok Ngorek.” These gamelans are
played just for certain ceremonies, such as coronation, wedding, circumcision, and
receiving state guests. It is used to practice playing gamelan every Saturday
morning.
The roof was made of siraps (teak wood tiles). In 1925, it was covered
with copper. The decoration of the ceiling, in the middle of the Pendopo was
painted by Liem Tho Hien in 1937 and designed by Mr. Karsten from Holland. It
is called Kumudhowati. On the centre of the painting, there are eight mystical
colors symbolizing magical power
Painting which is on the centre of the ceiling
9 10 11 12
8 a b c d 1
7 e f g h 2
6 5 4 3
commit to user
3 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
a. Yellow resists sleepiness.
b. Blue resists disaster.
c. Black resists hunger.
d. Green resists stress.
e. White resists sexual desires.
f. Orange resists fear.
g. Red resists devil influence.
h. Purple resists evil mind.
Besides the colors, there are symbols of Hindu-Javanese astrology
surrounding it, they are:
a. Mina
b. Maenad
c. Banteng
d. Mimihamintuna
e. Kerkata
f. Kenya
g. Timbangan
h. Kalajengking
i. Gandewa
j. Makara
k. Kepiting
l. Kumba commit to user
4 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
2. Paringgitan
The second main building of Pura Mangkunegaran is Paringgitan.
Paringgitan is used for showing Wayang Kulit (shadow puppets show). Besides,
there are some pictures of Mangkunegaran Family which are hung on the wall.
They are painting of Mangkunegara VII, VIII, IX and their wives pictures.
Paringgitan is also used by Royal Family to receive their official guests. There
are three doors to enter the next room. The main door which is in the middle is
opened just for certain ceremonies.
3. Dalem Ageng
Dalem Ageng is the main room in Pura Mangkunegaran. It is the most
sacred place in Pura Mangkunegaran. It is used for some traditional ceremonies. It
is constructed in the limasan style with eight pillars. There is no ceiling there, so
the woods which prop the tiled roofs can be looked. It is a symbol of sun.
Now, Dalem Ageng is used as a museum which exhibits some antique
collections which have been collected since 1926. The museum exhibits
Mangkunegaran ornaments, weapons, medals, dance equipment, coins, pictures of
Mangkunegaran family members,etc. The collection was from Bali, Japan, Arab,
Mexico, Holland, and some other countries. Besides, there is “Krobongan”. It is a
place which is used by Mangkunegara to take meditation.
4. The Other Rooms of the Pura Mangkunegaran
Besides three main rooms mentioned above, there are still other rooms for
the royal necessities. On the northwest part there is Pracimayoso, a place for royal commit to user
5 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
family to receive their guest daily. On each side of the Dalem Ageng lies Bale
Peni, a private apartment for the princes, and Bale Warni, a private apartment for
the princesses. Moreover, there is Rekso Pustoko, the court library that was
established in 1897 by Prince Mangkunegara IV. It has a lot of collections of old
literary works.
B. The Potencies Of Pura Mangkunegaran as a Culture Tourist
Attraction
A culture tourist attraction comprises historical attraction, culture events,
and traditional ceremonies. As a culture tourist attraction, Pura Mangkunegaran is
rich of historical and cultural values. Pura Mangkunegaran has three components
of culture tourist attraction.
a. Historical Attraction
Three main parts of Pura Mangkunegaran, the Pendopo, the Paringgitan,
the Dalem Ageng, and the court library Rekso Pustoko have historical values as a
historical attraction. The tourist can learn about their history, their function in the
past, and the events behind their constructions. Dalem Ageng also displays some
collections of ancient works from our ancestors that are neatly arranged in the
cupboard and glass showcases.
On the middle of the Dalem Ageng, there is a sacred place called
Krobongan. It is used to put offering to Dewi Sri (Goddes of Rice). There are commit to user
6 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
paintings of late Mangkunegaran princess hung on the wall. Most of collections in
the Dalem Ageng were from the late Prince Mangkunegara IV. These collections
have high cultural and archeological values. Therefore the tourists are interesting
to visit and enjoy those ancient collections to add their knowledge about Javanese
culture in the past. More over if the tourist are learning about history or making
historical researches, the museum in the Pura Mangkunegaran will be very
helpful.
There are also collections of gamelan sets (Javanese traditional music
orchestra). Their names are Kyai Kanyut Mesem which was from Demak
Kingdom era, Kyai Pelipur Lara, and Kyai Udan Arum. Kyai Condrokunto, made
in Denhaag, Hermans Hage, in 1850-1860.
Besides, there are many antique collections which were from Hindus-
Buddhist era before Pura Mangkunegaran was built. They were the presents of the
citizenries. The royal family also collected them from other kingdoms, such as a
miniature from Queen Juliana, a set of beverage equipment from Belgium, a set of
crystal from Czechoslovakia, swords from the Middle East, samurai from Japan,
etc.
The purpose of the collection is to show inheritance of a nation which
has high culture value since long time ago. The collections of Pura
Mangkunegaran are:
1. Carriage
Pura Mangkunegaran also has cart gallery, there are five carts that were
used by Mangkunegaran princess: commit to user
7 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
a) Kyai Condroretno Carriage.
It was made in 1850-1860 by Hermans Hage in Den hag. It was just
used by the Prince in the traditional ceremonies and wedding party.
The carriage was pulled by eight horses.
b) Two kinds of Berlin Carriage.
They were made in London by Holmes Derby in 1880-1900. The
carriages were used by the relatives of the Prince. They were pulled by
four horses.
c) Glasslaundauer Carriage.
It was made in 1890-1900. The carriage was pulled by four horses and
used by the relatives of the Prince in traditional ceremonies and
wedding party.
d) Launduct Carriage.
It was made in 1980. It was pulled by four horses and used by the
relatives of the Prince.
e) Barrouchet Carriage.
It was made in 1860-1880. The carriage was pulled by four horses and
used by the Royal Family.
2. Metal Statues.
They are Lion statues which are in Pendopo. They were from Berlin.
3. Stone Statues.
They are Buddha statues, Siva statues, Lingga, and Yoni.
4. Metal Equipments. commit to user
8 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
The equipments are lamps, trays for monks, bells for monks, anglo (a
place which is used for burning charcoal or incense), pot for holy water,
water dipper, mirrors, rings, bracelets, anklets, coins, medals, etc.
5. Pieces or fragments of the temples.
6. Weapons
The weapons are spears, Keris, swords, cleavers.
7. Paintings of Basuki Abdullah and the Royal Family photos.
8. Masks from Bali, Madura, Cirebon, Solo, Yogyakarta, and Malang. The
most of the masks was made from wood which are carved.
9. Dance costumes.
10. Crystals.
11. Calligraphy.
Besides those collections above, there is a unique collection called
badong. Badong is cover of male and female genitals long time ago which was
used by the Prince and the Consort of the Prince if the Prince went for hunting or
warring. Badong was used for preventing the Prince and the Consort of the Prince
from doing coitus to other man or woman. The key of the male badong was
brought by the Consort of the Prince, whereas the key of the female badong was
brought by the Prince.
b. Cultural Event
Pura Mangkunegaran has some cultural events which can attract tourists to
visit and see the events. They are traditional dances, gamelan playing, and shadow
commit to user
9 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
puppets show. The traditional dances which are typical to Pura Mangkunegaran
are Bedhoyo Ketawang, Bedhoyo Anglir Mendung, and Srimpi Pandelori dances
Bedhoyo Ketawang dances considered as the most sacred dances in the
palace as a palace symbol and a sacred heirloom. This dance is danced by seven
virgin dancers who are still belonging to the royal family relatives. Before
dancing, the dancers must fast for seven days. When the dance is performed, it
must be followed by special offering. The dance tells about the meeting of Sultan
Agung, one of the most famous King, and Queen of South Javanese Sea. Now, the
dance is performed just for several events, such as the Prince coronation, the
banquet for the official guests from other kingdoms, and royal family wedding.
Srimpi Pandelori is a dance which was created by Prince Mangkunegara
VII. The dance is slow, controlled, elegant dance of graceful movements inspired
by the flow of peaceful water and performed by four dancers. The dance is not
considered as a sacred dance. It is performed in the ordinary ceremonies and
holydays. The tourists can see the dance with live Gamelan playing every
Wednesday in the Pendopo.
Shadow Puppets Show, the Javanese call it Wayang Kulit, is one of
cultural events in Pura Mangkunegaran. Performed in the Paringgitan, the Shadow
Puppets Show tells about the classical Hindu epics of the Mahabarata and
Ramayana. It contains the true essence of Javanese philosophy and metaphysic.
The puppeteer, called a Dalang, sits cross legged in front of the screen, holds and
moves the puppets. A lamp shinning above the Dalang’s head creates the shadow
commit to user
10 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
of the puppets that can be watched from the other side of the screen. This
performance is also followed by live Gamelan orchestra
c. Traditional Ceremony
Traditional ceremony is a part of cultural tourist attractions. Every year
Pura Mangkunegaran held several annual occasions. They are coronation
anniversary and heirlooms procession (kirab pusaka). Today, Pura
Mangkunegaran celebrates the coronation anniversary of the Mangkunegaran IX
on 13th days of the month of Besar in the Javanese Calendar every year. In the
Pura Mangkunegaran, a ritual ceremony is held to celebrate the Prince coronation
as well as to designate several people as attendants and members of the royal
court. In this occasion a sacred dance “Bedhoyo Anglir Mendung” is traditionally
performed and followed by live Gamelan orchestra.
On the eve of the Javanese New Year which falls on the first day in
the month of Suro of the Javanese calendar, heirlooms cleansing is held at the
Bangsal Tosan Aji in front of the Pendopo in Pura Mangkunegaran. Beginning at
6 p.m, the occasion is held until the middle of the night. After the palace sacred
heirlooms are cleaned and washed, they are paraded around the Pura
Mangkunegaran for seven times. After that, those sacred heirlooms are kept in the
Dalem Ageng until the next Javanese New Year Eve. In this occasion, the royal
family also celebrates the Javanese New Year Eve by making the Suro traditional
porridge (red porridge and white porridge) as an expression of gratitude to God
for the prosperities they have. The Prince Mangkunegara also held a banquet for
the royal court members and attendants, and also the invites guest. commit to user
11 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
C. The Infrastructure of Pura Mangkunegaran
Every tourist attraction must relate to the infrastructure which supports the
development of the tourist attraction. The infrastructure can help the tourist
attraction to fill the needs of tourists, because they need accommodation, foods
and beverages, and other facilities which can give satisfaction to the tourists.
The infrastructures which support Pura Mangkunegaran are adequate and
can fill the needs of the tourists. The main infrastructures are accommodations,
travel agents, tour operators, and restaurants. There are many things which are
supplied by the tour office of Pura Mangkunegaran especially and the local
government generally.
The facilities in Pura Mangkunegaran are used for balancing the potencies
of Pura Mangkunegaran, so that the tourists can be satisfied when they visit it.
Besides, Pura Mangkunegaran can be reached easily, because it is located in the
centre of Solo city and not too far from the main street, Slamet Riyadi Street.
commit to user
12 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
1. The potencies of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction.
Pura Mangkunegaran has some potencies which attract the tourists to visit
it. They are historical attractions, cultural events, and traditional ceremonies.
Pura Mangkunegaran has historical attractions which have historical and
cultural values. They are krobongan, gamelan, carriages, statues, crystals,
weapons, dance customs, calligraphy, etc. The tourist can learn about the history
and the function of the historical attractions in the past.
The cultural events in Pura Mangkunegaran can attract tourists to visit and
see the events. They are traditional dances, gamelan playing, shadow puppets
show, etc. The traditional dances which are typical to Pura Mangkunegaran are
Bedhoyo Ketawang, Bedhoyo Anglir Mendung, and Srimpi Pandelori dances
Besides, Pura Mangkunegaran has traditional ceremonies. The traditional
ceremony is a part of cultural tourist attractions in Pura Mangkunegaran which
can attract tourist to see and learn about the purposes of the events. They are
heirlooms procession, coronation anniversary, Javenese New Year Eve, etc.
2. The infrastructure of Pura Mangkunegaran as tourist attraction.
Pura Mangkunegaran is supported by some infrastructures which can fill
the needs of the tourists, so the tourists will be satisfied when they visit Pura
commit to user
1 perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id
Mangkunegaran. They are, accommodations, travel agents, tour operators, and
restaurants.
B. Suggestion
Pura Mangkunegaran is an interesting phenomenon to be analyzed and the
writer is sure there are still many things that can be analyzed from Pura
Mangkunegaran.
For the Pura Mangkunegaran Tourism Bureau, it will be much better if the
Pura Mangkunegaran Tourism Bureau manages routine cultural events, the
shadow puppets show as well as the dances and the gamelan playing.
To develop the infrastructure of Pura Mangkunegaran, Pura
Mangkunegaran Tourism Bureau needs to improve the tourism services and
facilities, such as:
- Clean toilets.
- Proper parking area for the tourist.
- Cafeterias, it is much better if Pura Mangkunegaran provided
cafeterias with typical Javanese cuisine.
Besides, Pura Mangkunegaran Management needs to make brochures and
leaflets about its cultural events and its traditional ceremonies to attract the
tourists.
commit to user
2