kl/ro • 1

kl/ro

dw;;DaGwL] vf; } zfw] gePsf ] aemfO' cfd ¿kdf :jLsfo { blvG5] . ;f] aemfOdf' cflzs+ ;Totf 5 . lsgls ;du | gkfnL] ;dfhsf ] cWoog– cg;GwfgnfO' { lnP/ ;dt] p:t } cleJolQm cfpg ] u5 { . To:tf ] cleJolQm unt g } xf ] eGg ] cfwf/ xfdf| ] 1fg¿kL e08f/n ] lbPsf ] 5g} . sxL] /fd}}| cWoogx¿ klg ePsf 5g \ h;n ] ljleGg bli6sf[ 0faf6] xfdf| ] ;dfhnfO { a‰g' ;3fp5gF \ . oBlk zfw] / ;dfhlj1fgsf ] bxf| ] k/Dk/f gePsf ] gkfnL] ;dfhdf, sxL] ckjfbnfO { 5f8] /,] clwsfz+ ljifodf kofKt{ 1fg pTkfbg gxg' ' gfnf} ] xfOg] . clg uxlsnf ] zfwx¿] guGo xg' ' cfZro{ xfOg] . To;n} ] dw;] xf;] \ jf cGo ljifo oL aemfOdf' ;Tosf ] cz+ 7nf" ] 5, ;fy } ljifo / ;Gbecg{ ;f/' sxL] cfux| / kfyldstf| lglxt 5 . t/ cWoog–k/Dk/fsf ] hu sdhf/] xg' ' Pp6f kIf xf,] clg sg' } 7fp F /÷jf ;dbfo' ljzifdfly] cfd ¿kdf Psksf/sf| ] b/fu' xk| 0f" { bli6sf[ 0f] xfaL /xg ' cs {} kIf xf ] . gkfnL] ;dfhdf cfd ¿kdf xfaL t/fOjf;L{ / dw;Lk] ltsf| ] wf/0ff To:tdWo} ] Pp6f ;zQm cfofd xf ] h;n] cjxngfnfO] { axcfoflds' cfslt[ lbof ] . ;fy } cfd aemfOnfO' { ;j:jLsfo{ { agfof ] .

! 2 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| gfdn ] g } hgfp5F of ] k:ts' xfn;Dd o; ljifodf ePsf sfdx¿sf ] ;rLa4" uGy| xf ] . Pp6f ljifodf ePsf ] ;Dk0f" { cWoognfO { k:tsfsf/' lbg ' cfkmdf}F hl6n sfd xf ] . o; sfodf{ ljljw ljwfsf cWoogx¿nfO { ;d6] g\ kg' {] ePsfn] ] o;sf ] Ifq] axt[ \ / Jofks xG5' . To;n} ] o:tf kof;x¿n| ] ;DejtM ljBdfg cWoognfO { ;rLs" t[ ug {] sfodf{ Gofo ug { klg ;Sbgg} \ . cem xfdf| ] h:tf ] b;Lkdf0fnfO| { ;d6] /] /fVg] Jojl:yt ;:sf/+ gePsf ] ;dfhdf o:tf ] sfo { sltko cj:yfdf bMvbfoL' kof;| aGg hfG5 . cGttM hz ;dt] gkfpg ] cfofhgf] . o:tf ;Ldfx¿sf] xSsf] dw;;DaGwL] cWoognfO { ;rLs" t[ ug {' kj" { xfdLnfO { gePsf ] xfOg] . tyflk oL ;Ldfx¿eGbf a9L o:tf ] k:tssf' ] cfjZostf dx;;' ePsfn] ] of] tkfOsf+{ ] xftdf 5 . o;eGbf klxnf klg t/fO;DaGwL{ ljleGg k:ts,' kltj| bg,] sfokq,{ zfwkq] / OG6/g6] Pj + kqklqsfdf 5l/Psf ;fduLnfO| { ;rLs" t[ ug {] kof;| ePsf ] xf ] . ;g \ @))) df :6l8h Og gkfnL] lx:6L« P08 ;f;fO6L] hgndf{ ;hf+ u] ¿kfvtLåf/f] ;rLs" t[ %) ki7sf[ ] …t/fOM{ ;Gbe { ;rLÚ" ksfzg| ePsf] lyof ] . To:t } dfl6g{ rftf/Laf6} ksflzt| dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] gfnLanL] -@)^$_ df lr/g dfgGw/ / tLy { lji6åf/f dntM' @)^# df3sf ] cfGbfng;DaGwL] cWoognfO { ;d6] g\ ] p2Zon] ] ;fduL| ;rLs" t[ ul/Psf ] lyof ] . t/ ljut ^÷& jifotf{ / dntM' @)^# df3df dw;df] cleJoQm /fhgLlts–;f:s+ lts[ hfu/0f o; ljifodf rf;f ] hufpg ] pTsif { laGb ' aGof ] . ;f ] jf:tljstfsf] b;Lkdf0f| t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe{ uGy| df kz:t| } kfOG5 h;df cl3Nnf bj' } ;rLnfO" { PsLst;d[ t] ul/Psf ] 5 . of ] ;Gbe { ;rLn" ] ;Sbf ] Ifq] / bfo/fnfO{ ;d6] g\ ] kof;| u/sf] ] xfdLnfO { ljZjf; 5 . of ] ;ªu\ x| ;ft v08df ljeflht 5 – k:ts÷k' sflzt| ;fduLÙ| cksflzt| kltj| bg] / sfokqÙ{ lstfasf ] nvÙ] hgnsf{ ] nvÙ] zfwkqÙ] kqklqsfsf ] ;fduL| — nv÷l/kf] 6] ,{ ;DkfbsLo, cGtjftf{ Ù{ / OG6/g6df] pknAw ;fduL| — nv÷k] ltj| bg,] cGtjftf{ { . kqklqsf / OG6/g6df] pknAw ;fduL| ;d;fdlos / /fhgLlts ljifodf a9L slGb] t| 5g \ . kfoM| k:tsx¿' klg To:t } 5g \ . t/ /fhgLltsf ] cnfjf cflys{ / ;f:slts+ Ifq,] ;fy } kfs| lts[ ;f| t] ;fwg, jftfj/0f / cGo ;fdflhs kIf;uF } kfljlws| ljifosf k:tsx¿' klg blvG5g] \ . o;sf ] cnfjf efiff÷jfªdonfO\ { kltlglwTj| ug {] sxL] k:ts' klg ;rLs" t[ 5g\ . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnonufot k"jf{~rn ljZjljBfno, sf7df8f}F kl/ro • 3 ljZjljBfno / kfv/f] ljZjljBfnodf pkflwsf ] nflu tof/ ul/Psf cg;Gwfg' / zfwkq] ;dflji6 5g \ . ;fy } sxL] zfwkqx¿] ljbzL] ljZjljBfnox¿sf klg o;df ;dl6Psf] 5g \ . k:ts,' kltj| bg,] zfwkq] cflbnfO { lglZrt ;do ;Ldfleq gafwLF e6] ;Dd] ;dfjz] ul/Psf ] 5 . To:t } ljleGg hgn{ / k:tsleq' k/sf] nvx¿] klg xfdLn ] kfP;Dd ;d6] sf] 5f F} . sfokqsf{ ] ;rL" eg ] ckIff] u/eGbf] ;fgf ] 5 . sxL] xfdf| ] ;dfofhgdf] ePsf sdhf/Lsf] sf/0f / sxL] sfoqmd{ cfofhs] /÷jf sfokq{ k:tf| tf;] uF } Jojl:yt nut gePsfn] ] sfoqmdx¿af/{ ] hfgsf/L eP klg yk' }| sfokq{ o;df ;dfjz] gePsfdf] xfdLnfO { vb] 5 . kqklqsfsf ] v08df dVotof' sf7df8faf6F} ksflzt| kqklqsfsf ;fduL| 5g \ . gkfnsf] kd| v' blgs} / ;fKtflxs Pj + kd| v' Dofulhgsf] nvx¿] o; v08df ;dflji6 5g \ . dntM' ljrf/ kwfg| Pj + ljZnif0ffTds] nv,] l/kf6f] h{ / vfhd] ns" nvx¿] k/sf] 5g \ . o; v08df /fhgLlts ljifo a9L xfaL ePsf ] :ki6 } blvP] klg ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts,[ eflifs ljifosf ;fduL| ;dt] /flvPsf 5g \ . dw;;DaGwL] ;DkfbsLo / cGtjftf{ { klg /flvPsf ] 5 . t/fOsf{ dxŒjk0f" { ;x/x¿af6 ksflzt| kqklqsfsf ;fduL| /fVg ] xfdf| ] kof;| ckIffs] t[ ;kmn ePg . To;n} ] ljbf| xsf] ] ;/f] k] m/f] df] ;Íng ul/Psf kqklqsfsf n]vx¿ o;df k/] klg To;eGbf cl3 / kl5sf k'm6s/ nv÷/rgf] ckjfbafxs] ;dflji6 5gg} \ . oxf F ;dflji6 ePs } cjlwdf klg ;Dk0f" { ;fduL| oxf F k/sf] ] 5g} . ;f| t] / ;fwgsf ] ;Ldf g } cGttM o; sdhf/Lsf] ] sf/s aGg kUof' ] . OG6/g6df] klg dw;;DaGwL] kz:t| } ;fduL| kfOG5 . vf; u/L @)^# df3sf ] ljbf| x] / To;kl5 of ] nx/ rnsf] ] xf ] . …dw;Lj8] k{ ;]| 86sdÚ h:tf Anux¿ klg 5g \ h;df dw;af/] ] dfq nv÷/rgf] kfOG5 . To;n} ] o; v08df OG6/g6df] pknAw ;fduLsf| ] 7nf" ] vftaf6 xfdLnfO { dxŒjk0f" { nfusf] ] ;fduLnfO| { dfq ;rLs" t[ u/sf] 5f F} . ;fy } t/fO–dw{ ;sf] ] ljifodf dfq ;fduL| kfOg ] jf a9L ;fduL| kfOg ] sxL] …;fO6Ú ;rLa4" ul/Psfn] ] dxŒjk0f" { xg;Sg' ] yk' }| ;fduL| ;rLs" t[ 5g} . o; v08df cfNofOPsfF} lglZrt ;fO6df hfg ] ljlQs } clwsfz+ ;fduL| ;lhn } kfpg ] ePsfn] ] oxfF 5f6F /] dfq /flvPsf ] xf ] . sxL] lxGbL / dlynL} efiffsf nv] / k:tsnfO' { 5f8] /] o;sf clwsfz+ ;fdu|L g]kfnL tyf cª\u|]hL efiffsf 5g\ . lxGbL / d}lynL efiffdf 4 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy ksflzt| ;fduL| yf/] } ePsfn] ] tL aUn] } v08df ;rLs" t[ 5gg} ,\ gkfnL] v08d} /flvPsf 5g \ . …t/fOÚ,{ …dw;Ú] zAbs } kof| u;DaGwdf] aUnfa] Un] } /fhgLlts bfaL kfOG5 . xfdLn ] ;fduL| ;dl6/x] sf] ] ;dodf / cBflk oL bfaL /fhgLlts bli6af6[ hNbfaNbf] ] ljifo alg/xsf] 5g \ . log } bfaLsf ] sf/0f w/] } ljifoj:t,' ltgn] kfpg ] kfyldstf| / /fhgLlts aemfO' klg km/s 5 . of ] ;rL" tof/ ug{] qmddf ljifout kfyldstfsf| ] lx;fan ] jf efuf} lns] bli6n[ ] s ] /fVg,] s] g/fVg ] cndn klg eO/Xof ] . efuf} lns] bli6n[ ] xfdLn ] ;Dk0f" { t/fOnfO{ { ;d6] of\ F} . To;n} ] o; ;Íngdf ;Dk0f" { euf" nnfO] { ;d6] sf] yk' }| kfljlws| cWoogx¿ ;rLs" t[ ePsf 5g \ . t/ euf" n] p:t } eP klg ljifout lx;fan] aUn] } dxŒj afs] sf] / kys[ \ cl:tTj ePsf sdof,} afbL cflb ljifosf ] nut o; uGysf| ] kqklqsf v08df k/sf] 5gg} \ . klxnf ] awjf' dhb/' / bf;] f| ] blnt;DaGwL ;fduL| xg' \ eGg ] nfusf] n] ] oxf F ;dfjz] ul/Pg . c¿ v08df klg oL ljifosf ;fduLx¿| sd } 5g \ . of ] k:tsdf' ePsf ;fduL| ] dw;;DaGwL] cg;Gwftf,' cWotfsf] nflu dxŒjk0f" { xg' 5] eGg ] ljZjf; ul/Psf ] 5 . cGo Ifqdf] h:t,} kfl1s| hutdf klg dw;L] ;dfhnfO { ljleGg sf0faf6] a‰g' ] / 1fg pTkfbgdf dxŒjk0f" { of]ubfg ug]{ r'gf}tL a9]sf] 5 . t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gyn] xfn;Ddsf] sfdnfO { dNofÍg" ug {] cj;/ t lbg ] g } 5, ;fy } dw;;DaGwL] 1fg pTkfbgsf] bfo/fnfO { 7DofpbF } ;fys{ Pj + uxlsnf ] sfd ug { ;xfos /xg ] ljZjf; xfdLn ] lnPsf 5f F} . ;fy,} o;df 56' g\ uPsf ;fduLnfO| { cfNofpg}F ] sfodf{ o; ljifo;uF rf;f ] /fVg ] ;aaf6} ;xofu] xg' ] ckIff] klg 5 . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 5

v08 !

k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ Published Materials (Books and Reports)

cS;kmfd–gkfn] / /fli6o« >d klti7fg–g| kfn] . @)^! . lhNnfsf uflj; :t/Lo tYofÍ / gS;fx¿ -;a } lhNnfsf_] . sf7df8f F} M cS;kmfd–gkfn] / /fli6o« >d klti7fg–g| kfn] . chLt, cgej,' ;=+ . @)^% . ;dfjzLs/0f] M /fhgLlts bn, /fHo / ldl8of . sf7df8f F} M dfl6g{ rftf/L} . clwsf/L, /3gfy,' ;=+ . @)%$ . df/ª] Ps kl/ro . sf7df8f F} M df/ª] sf7df8f F} ;Dks { d~r . clwsf/L, /fdk;fb| . @)%( . l;d/f M Ps kl/ro . af/f M lkk/f l;d/f uflj; . cWoog sfobnsf{ ] kltj| bg] . @)%& . gful/stf ljwos] @)%& sf ;DaGwdf gskf] -dfn_] sf ] bli6sf[ 0f] . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] sDolgi6' kf6L { -dfS;jfb—{ n]lggjfb_ . cdfTo, ;fkmNo . @)#^ . gkfndf] k/ft' Œj . sf7df8f F} M ;femf ksfzg| . cjNn' ;,} clgnsdf/' emf / an/fd sfk/, ;=+ . @)%& . khftGqsf| ] bz jifdf{ dwzL] ;dbfo' M /fli6o« ufi7Lsf] ] kltj| bg] . sf7df8f F}+}F} M gkfn] afl4s} d~r .

% 6 • t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| cfOo";LPg . ;g\ !((^ . kf}/vL s[ifs tyf pBdLx¿sf] ;kmntfsf] syf . sf7df8f F} M cfOo;LPg," gkfn] . cfO;LhL . ;g \ @))& . lx;fsf+ ] tfkdf t/fO{ . Pl;of l/kf6] { g=+ !#^ . nlntk/' M cfO;LhL . cfrfo,{ ds' Gb' . @)%# . efhk] /L' pvfg 6Ssf' . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . cfhfb, cf/=8L= . ldlt pNnv] gePsf ] . t/fO { hn /xL x } . 7fp F pNnv] gePsf ] M cf/=8L= cfhfb . cf/=8L= tyf Pn=Pn= . @)## . gkfnsf] ljleGg hflt / nfs] uLt M Ps kl/ro . sf7df8f F} M hubDaf ksfzg| . pkfWofo, bf| 0fs] df/' . @)%% . /fhjzL+ hflt M Ps kl/ro . emfkf M ksfzs| pNnv] gePsf ] . pkfWofo, bf| 0fs] df/' . @)%% . /fhjzL+ kl/ro -efiff, lnlk / Jofs/0f v08_ . emfkf M /fhjzL+ efiff krf/| ;ldlt . cfPr;LPrcf/,] gkfn] . @)^$ . uf/} / cf;kf;sf ufpdfF rt} & ut] ePsf] xTofsf08af/] pRrfo'Qmsf] sfof{no–g]kfnåf/f ul/Psf] cg;Gwfgsf' lgisif { -jzfv} @)^$_ . sf7df8f F} M cfPr;LPrcf/] . cfemf,] bjLk] ;fb| . @)^) . ;b' /klZrdsf" ] kqsfl/tf . sf7df8f F} M dfl6g{ rftf/L} . s6jfn,\ ;~h ' / c¿ . ;g \ @))^ . cGt/blnt ebefj,] t/fOsf{ blntx¿sf] cj:yf M Ps cWoog kltj| bg] -åeflifs–cª} u\ hL_]| . sf7df8f F} M Nofgsfp g]kfn . sfkl8, /fde/f;] . ;g \ !(() . cKkg cglrGxf/ . hgsk/' M ;/h" ksfzg| . sfkl8, /fde/f;] . @)%^ . hgsk/wfd' / o; Ifqsf] ;f:s+ lts[ ;Dkbfx¿ . hgsk/' M ;/h" ksfzg| . sfsL,{ nfs] Gb] | / aL/Gb] axfb| /' a:gt] . @)^! . e–:jfldTj" / hLljsfkfh] g{ -8fluxf6F uflj;, df/ªsf] ] cWoog kltj| bg_] . sf7df8f F} M a4' Po/ kf=ln=| . sf]O/fnf, dft[sfk|;fb . @)$^ . sf]zLsf] syf . lj/f6gu/ M k|ltef k/:sf/' klti7fg| . vgfn, lbn/fh . @)%& . t/fOdf{ ;fdbflos' jg M l;4fGt / Jojxf/ -cWoog kltj| bg_] . sf7df8f F} M ;fdbflos' jg pkefQmf] dxf;‹, gkfn] . vgfn, dfxgk] ;fb| . @)%^ . l;d/fgu9sf} ] Oltxf; . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] / Pl;ofnL cg;Gwfg' sGb] ,| lqlj . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 7 vgfn, dfxgk] ;fb| . @)^! . ;g/fHosf] ] /fhglts} Oltxf; . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] / Pl;ofnL cg;Gwfg' sGb] ,| lqlj . lu/L, lut ' . @)$( . nlDagLsf' ] ;f:s+ lts[ emns . ?kGbxL] M j;Gw/f' lu/L . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^! . dw;] M ;fdflhs ;/rgf+ / ljeb] -hgu0fgf @))!_ . sf7df8f F} M dw;L] dfgjclwsf/ ;/If0f+ sGb] | . uKtf,' hoksfz,| pkGb] | ofbj, xl/jz+ emf / cd/z] gf/fo0f emf . @)^) . gkfnL] dw;Lsf] ;d:of M rf/ ljrf/ . sf7df8f F} M dw;L] dfgjclwsf/ ;/If0f+ sGb] | . u?ª,' xs { . ;g \ @))# . lqzn' / bfh] {] M gkfnL] /fhgLltdf ;fdflhs kl/jz] . nlntk/' M ;f;n] ;fOG; axfM . uftd,} 6sgfy] . @)$$ . yf¿ hfltsf ] Oltxf; tyf ;:s+ lt[ of -yf¿ k/f0f_' . bfª M ;zLns' df/' uftd} . uftd,} ef:s/, ;=+ . @)^$ . dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] gfnLanL] . sf7df8f F} M dfl6g{ rf}tf/L . l3ld/,] bj] Gb] | . @)%@ . yf¿ M cflbjf;L gkfnL] . a6jn' M bj] Gb] | l3ld/ ] . l3ld/,] lji0fk' ;fb| . @)^$ . lrtjgsf cflbjf;L hghfltsf ] ;fdflhs / ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . lrtjg M lhlj;, lrtjg . rfw/L,} bLks . @)^% . gkfnsf] ] dwzL] ;dfh . sf7df8f F} M /Tg k:ts' e08f/ . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^$ . gkfnsf] ] t/fO { tyf o;sf eldk" qx¿' . gkfn] M zflGt rfw/L} . rfw/L,} dxZj/k] ;fb| . ldlt pNnv] gePsf] . >L ;o" { jzLo+ ;ªlIfKt\ yf¿ Oltxf; . e/xjf} M ;fljqLbjL] yf¿ . rfw/L,} /fd;fu/ . @)$( . cgdfn] ljxfn . df/ª] M xfnL} kl/jf/ . rfw/L,} /fd;fu/, ;=+ . @)%# . yf¿ ;dfhdf kfKt| Pltxfl;s] b:tfjhx¿sf] ] ;ªu\ x| M ;g \ !@)$ blv] lj= ;=+ !*($ . ;g;/L' M kmn' Zj/L] y¿gL . rfw/L,} zflGt . @)%! . cflbjf;L -t/fOsf{ hgtf, cflbjf;L / dlxnfklt| ePsf ] ebefjsf] ] kltj| bg_] sf7df8f F} M olg;' km,] gkfn] . rf}w/L, zflGt . @)%# . g]kfndf zf]lift t/fO{sf dw]zLd"n dlxnfsf] ;d:of / ;dfwfg . sf7df8f F} M >hgf[ ljsf; sGb] | . rfw/L,} zflGt . @)%$ . t/fO { s ] r§fg cf/} dwzL] klxrfg M >L uhGb] | gf/fo0f l;x+ . sf7df8f F} M >hgf[ ljsf; sGb] | . 8 • t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| rfw/L} yf¿, nvgfy] . @)%% . yf¿ tYofÍ . bfª M ;l/tf :jR5f] ksfzg| \ . hgtflGqs t/fO { dlQm' dfrf] { -Hjfnfl;x_+ . @)^% . hgtflGqs t/fO { dlQm' dfrf] sf{ ] gLlt tyf sfoqmd{ . gkfn] M hgtflGqs t/fO { dlQm' dfrf] . lhlj;, emfkf . @)%( . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ebk| /' emfkf M Ps emns . emfkf M lhlj;, emfkf . emf, chosdf/' / ;lht' l;x+ . @)%& . t/fO { hfu/0f . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] t/fO { ljBfyL { kl/ifb \ . emf, u0fz] . @)$) . emfkf lhNnfsf Pltxfl;s] :ynx¿ . sf7df8f F} M dfgljsL tyf ;fdflhs zf:q cWoog ;:yfg,+ lqlj . emf, ufljGb] . ;g \ !(*& . dlylns} pbud\ cf ] ljsf; . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, r08Zj/] . ;g \ !(^# . ldlynfs ;uLt+ k/Dk/f . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, lbgzs] df/' . ;g \ !(*( . dlynL} ;flxTos cfnfrgfTds] Oltxf; . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, buf' gfy{ . ;g \ !((! . dlynL} ;flxTos Oltxf; . b/euf+ M ef/tL k:ts' sGb] | . emf, /dfgGb . ;g \ !(($ . dlynL} ;flxTo cf ] /fhgLlt . ef/t M clvof;n k|sfzg . emf, /fdbj] . ;g \ !(&( . dlynL} zj} ;flxTo . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, /fdbj] . ;g \ !(*) . pdfklt . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, lzjzÍ/ . ;g \ !(&* . dlynL} dxfsfJos pbej\ cf ] ljsf; . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . emf, zfefsfGt] . @)^$ . dwz] cf/} dwzL] . ;nfxL{ M zfefsfGt] emf . emf, xl/jz,+ ;=+ . ;g \ @))) . gkfndf] blnt pTyfgsf /0fgLlt . sf7df8f F} M ;LO6LP;{ / km| 8l/s] Oa6 { l:6km6ª' \ . emf, xl/jz,+ ;=+ . ;g \ @))# . t/fOsf{ blnt Pj + blnt dlxnf . sf7df8f F} M ;LO6LP;{ / km| 8l/s] Oa6 { l:6km6ª' \ . 7fs/,' dxfgGb . @)%@ . cd/ zxLb /3gfy' 7fs/' ædwzLÆ] sf hLjg–jQ[ cf/} pgsL sltof[ F . /fhlj/fh M dxfgGb 7fs/' . 7fs/,' /3gfy' . @)!% . k/tq+ dwz] cf/} p;sL ;:s+ lt[ . enfengL] M /3gfy' 7fs/' . 7fs/,' lzjgGbg . ;g \ !(&( . dxfslj ljBfklt . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 9

8s] G;,] hnL' . ;g \ @))& . ;k { / gbL ;Lwf bfl8} bF gg} \ M gkfnsf] ] kjL" { t/fOdf{ ljBdfg ksf| k;DaGwL] tof/Lsf ] :yfgLo 1fg . sf7df8f F} M Ol;df]8 . ltjf/L, ljsf;sdf/' . @)^@ . uhGb] | bzg{ efu–! . sf7df8f F} M uhGb] | gf/fo0f l;x+ :dlt[ klti7fg| . ltjf/L, ljsf;sdf/' . @)^$ . uhGb] | bzg{ efu–@ . sf7df8f F} M uhGb] | gf/fo0f l;x+ lrGtg ;dfh . …tliftÚ,[ sfnLsfGt . @)^! . dlynL} ;:sf/+ uLt ;ªu\ x| . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . yfkf, j;Gt / dfxg] dgfnL,} ;=+ . ;g \ @))^ . dw;] M ;d:of / ;Defjgf . nlntk/' M ;f;n] ;fOG; axfM . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd, ;=+ . @)%^ . gkfnsf] sxL] lk5l8Psf hfltx¿sf ] ;fdflhs cflys{ cWoog . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] / Pl;ofnL cg;Gwfg' sGb] ,| lqlj . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd . @)^# . lwdfn nfs–hLjg] cWoog . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . bfxfn, b'uf{k|;fb . @)^! . bgjf/L' efiff M Ps cWoog . sf7df8f}F M ;gsf' ;L] ksfzg| . lbj;, tn;L' . @)#% . gkfnL] nfs] ;:s+ lt[ ;uf+ i7L] . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . lbj;, tn;L' . @)#% . kbz| gsf/L{ lwdfn nfs;] :s+ lt[ . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . lbj;, tn;L' . @)#( . lwdfn nfswd] { / ;:s+ lt[ . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . bjL,] sfdZj/L] . ;g \ !(*( . ldlynf–;:sf/–uLt+ . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . gf/L ;jf] ;dGjo ;ldlt . @)$! . s~rgk/' lhNnfdf dlxnfx¿sf ] slif[ Joj;fodf ;nUgtf;DaGwL+ cg;Gwfgsf' ] ;ªlIfKt\ ljj/0f . sf7df8f F} M gf/L ;jf] ;dGjog ;ldlt . gf/L ;]jf ;dGjo ;ldlt . @)$! . u/fdgLsf /fhj+zL / bdssf lwdfn;usfF ] 5f6f] ] lrgf/L -khgg| \ tyf dlxnf /fhuf/;DaGwL] cfwf/ /vf] ;jIf0f_{] . sf7df8f F} M k~rfot ljsf; klzIf0f| sGb] | . gkfn] cfjf; tyf eflts} kl/ofhgf] ljefu . @)@* . nlDagL,' eujfg a4sf' ] hGd:yn . gkfn] M cfjf; tyf eflts} kl/ofhgf] ljefu, nlDagL' ;ldlt . 10 • t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| gkfn] vfB tyf slif[ ahf/ ;jf] ljefu . @)## . slknj:t ' xf6 ahf/ cWoog kltj| bg] . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] vfB tyf slif[ ahf/ ;jf] ljefu . gkfn] kqsf/ dxf;‹ . @)^$ . dwz] cfGbfngdf] k;]| . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] kqsf/ dxf;‹ . g]kfn, k"0f{k|sfz …ofqLÚ . @)## . dxfsfnL c~rn–lbUbz{g -cWoog– cg;Gwfg' ;DaGwL_ . lj/f6gu/ M lxdfnL ;fuft} ksfzg| . gkfn,] k0f" k{ sfz| …ofqLÚ . @)#$ . ;tL] sL gfnL anL] . lj/f6gu/ M lxdfnL ;fuft} ksfzg| . gkfn,] k0f" k{ sfz| …ofqLÚ . @)#% . ;tL] c~rn lbUbzg{ . lj/f6gu/ M lxdfnL ;fuft} ksfzg| . gkfn,] km0fLGb | / /tg e08f/L, ;=+ . @)^@ . ;:tfdf' ef/tLo cltqmd0fsf] jf:tljstf . sf7df8f F} M ;Ldf ;/fsf/] gful/s ;ldlt tyf /fli6o« ;/fsf/] ;dfh . gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . @)#) . lwdfn nfs] hLjg cWoog . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . gkfn] /fi6 « as+} . @)#! . ufdL0f| Ifqdf] pTkfbg tyf /fhuf/L] jl4sf[ ] ;DefJotf ;jIf0f{] kltj| bg] ?kGbxL] lhNnf . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fi6 « as+} . g;kf] -cf_ . ldlt pNnv] gePsf ] . dwzLof] +] sL bb' zf{ k/ ef/t lrlGtt . sf7df8f F} M g;kf] -cf_ . kGt, zf:qbQ . @)$! . emfkfsf cflbjf;L . sf7df8f F} M ;femf ksfzg| . kGyL, bjL,] ;=+ . @)%% . drLbk] 0f{ M ;flxTo, ;:s+ lt,[ snf kqsfl/tf / sfggsf" ] clenv] . emfkf M lji0faxfb' /' l;x+ . k//fi6 « dfldnf cWoog klti7fg| . @)%( . ægkfn–ef/t] vnf' ;Ldfgf, ;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds kIfx¿Æ ljifos ufi7Lx¿sf] ] kltj| bg] @)%*÷@)%( . sf7df8f F} M k//fi6 « dfldnf cWoog klti7fg| . kf7s, ljZjgfy . @)%& . n3 ' cjwL zAbsfif] . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . kf08,] >L/fd . ldlt pNnv] gePsf ] . lghu9 . af/f M lghu9 uflj; . kf08o,] dw;' bg" . @)^@ . gkfnsf] blntx¿ . sf7df8f F} M k/jL} ksfzg| . kf08o,] dw;' bg" . @)^% . gkfnsf] lk58f jux¿{ . sf7df8f F} M k/jL} ksfzg| . kf08o,] dw;' bg" . @)^% . gkfnsf] hghfltx¿ . sf7df8f F} M k/jL} ksfzg| . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 11 kfv/] n,] u0fz] / /fsz] jZofn . @)%% . /fKtL klZrdsf ] khftflGqs| cfGbfng] . albof{ M ;efif' kfv/] n] . kfv/] n,] ufs] n,' tf/fgfy bfxfn / ;Gtfif] l;Ubn,] ;=+ . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngdf] ldl8of . sf7df8f F} M lkm8d| kmf/d] . kf8} n,] clgn . @)%$ . ;Gb/k' /sf' ] lrgf/L . ;g;/L' M ;Gb/k' /' uflj; . kf8} n,] gf/fo0fk;fb| . @)^# . o:tf ] 5 slknj:t ' . slknj:t ' M ;/:jtL cfrfo { -kf8} n_] . kf8} n,] gf/fo0fk;fb,| ;=+ . @)^# . ljZj l;d;f/ Ifq] M hubLzk/' tfn . slknj:t ' M nlDagL–slknj:t' ' arfcf F} cleofg . kf8} n,] z/b . @)^$ . t/fO { dw;] kxrfg s ] ;‹if {{ d +] . sf7df8f F} M dfgj ljsf; tyf zflGt cleofg, dfgjclwsf/ ;/If0f+ d~r, dfgjclwsf/ ;o+ Qm' d~r . k|wfg, k|df]b . @)^! . df]/ªdf kqsfl/tfsf] cw{ztfAbL . sf7df8f}F M dfl6g{ rftf/L} . k;fb,| cjw lszf/] . @)%# . bv] dwzL] td' sxf F < hgsk/' M >LdtL ls/0f lszf/] k;fb| . a;fO–;/fOF cWoog sfo { ;dx," /fli6o« hg;ªVof\ cfofu] . @)%! . gkfndf] cfGtl/s tyf cGt/fli6{ o« a;fO–;/fOF -dn" kltj| bg–@)$)_] . sf7df8f F} M cGt/fli6{ o« dfgjclwsf/, jftfj/0f tyf ljsf; klti7fg| . af:tfF nf,] g/Gb] gfy| . @)%# . kjf" ~rndf{ ;ft ;fnsf ] qmflGt . emfkf M zv/] / ;lGbk . a9fIf' qL,] lzjgf/fo0f . @)%) . Pltxfl;s] vfhLdf] ;v' tsf{] yf¿x¿ . lj/Gb] gu/| M ksfzs| pNnv] gePsf ] . e§/fO,{ 3gZofd . @)%$ . jL/u~hsf ] Pltxfl;s] cWoog . sf7df8f F} M lzIffWoIfsf ] sfofno,{ cg;Gwfg' dxfzfvf . e§/fO,{ afa/fd' . @)^$ . dw;L] dlQmsf' ] kZg| . sf7df8f F} M hgWjgL ksfzg| . e08f/L, ;fWoaxfb/,' ;=+ . @)^$ . gful/stfdf /fi63ft« . sf7df8f F} M gful/stf b?kof' u] klt/f| w] sGb] Lo| ;ldlt . dhkmf ] . @)%% . gkfnsf] ] dw;L] ;dbfosf' ] ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf ] af6f ] . lj/f6gu/ M ldlynf 6fOD; ksfzg| . dhkmf ] . @)^! . gkfnL] dw;Lsf] ;d:of M ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] cflrTo} . sf7df8f F} M dhkmf ] gkfn] . 12 • t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| dhkmf ] . ;g \ @))% . dwz] cf/} dwzL] M ;d:of cf/} ;dfwfg . sf7df8f F} M dhkmf ] gkfn] . dw;L] Pstf sfobn{ . @)^) . gkfnsf] dw;L] ;dbfosf' ] /fli6o« cjwf/0ff– kq . :yfg / ksfzs| pNnv] gePsf ] . dw;L] /fli6o« dlQm' dfrf] { gkfn] . @)^$ . dw;L] /fli6o« dlQm' dfrf] { gkfnsf] ] bf;] f| ] /fli6o« ;Ddngåf/f] kfl/t /fhglts} kltj| bg] tyf ljwfg . sf7df8f F} M dw;L] /fli6o« dlQm' dfrf] { gkfn,] sGb] Lo| ;ldlt . dnlËof, dxGb] | . ;g \ !(*# . 66n" tfut Pstf cf/] . hgsk/' M >L hfgsL k:ts' e08f/ . dnlËof, dxGb] | . @)$( . ljbxs] gu/L; + . hgsk/' M ldgfk ksfzg| . dxtf,] /fhGb] | . @)^$ . hfuf ] dwzL] hfuf] . sf7df8f F} M uhGb] | gf/fo0f l;x+ :dlt[ klti7fg| . dxhg,{ a;Gt . ;g \ @))% . nlDagL' Pltxfl;s] tyf k/ftfl' Œjs cWoog . sf7df8f F} M a;fld 86 sd . dxf/fh, >L kdlglwhL]| . @)#! . hgsk/sL' emfsLF . hgsk/' M >L/fdfgGb cf>d . ld>, si0frGb[ | . ;g \ !((% . gkfnd] ] lxGbL M ;Gbe { cf/} ;fIo . gO { lbNnL M ljBf ljxf/ . ld>, rGbgfy| . ;g \ !(*( . dlynL} kqsfl/tfs Oltxf; . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . d]xtf, ;Gtf]ifs'df/ . @)^$ . dw]zsf] /fhg}lts k|:tfj M ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf ] j1flgs} ljZnif0f] . ;g;/L' M ;Gtfif] sdf/' dxtf] . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)%$ . gkfnsf] ] dw;L] ;dbfo' M Ps ljjrgf] . lj/f6gu/ M cflbjf;L hghflt ljsf; tyf cg;Gwfg' sGb] | . ofbj, pkGb] | . ;g \ @))# . gkfnL] hg cfGbfng] cf/} dw;L] dlQmsf' ;jfn . sf7df8f F} M dw;L] lkkN;' /fO6 kmf/d] . ofbj, pkGb] ,| ;=+ . @)^) . dw;L] jf0fL . sf7df8f F} M dhkmf,] sGb] Lo| ;ldlt . ofbj, lbnLksdf/' . @)^$ . /Qmdo dwz] . sf7df8f F} M lbnLksdf/' ofbj . ofbj, ofu] Gb] k| ;fb| / j/fuL} sfOnf,+{ ;=+ . @)%% . ;okqL -jif { $, dlynL} ljziffª] s_\ . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . ofbj, /fdr/0f, ;=+ . @)$* . dwlzof] ;dfh cf/} p;sL pTklt . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] t/fO { ljBfyL { efiff Pj + ;:s+ lt[ ;dGjo ;ldlt . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 13 ofbj, >Lsi0f[ . ldlt pNnv] gePsf ] . gkfnsf] ] ;‹Lo ;/rgf+ tyf ;ljwfg;ef+ ;DaGwL cjwf/0ff -gj ;do ;fKtflxs …ljziffÍÚ_] . sf7df8f F} M gj ;do . /fsz,] /fdOsafn l;x+ . @)!@ . dlynL} nfsuLt] . kofu| M lxGbL ;flxTo ;Ddng] . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)%^ . dlynL} ;:s+ lt[ . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^! . dlynL} nfs] ;:s+ lt[ . sf7df8f F} M Pstf aS;' . /fhe08f/L, szj/fh] . @)$$ . lghu9sf j5fl8of hflt M Ps cWoog . jL/u~h M ;ifdf' /fhe08f/L . /fhjzL,+ eldnfn" . @)%( . /fhjzL+ hfltsf khf" kjx¿{ M wd { ;:s+ lt[ . emfkf M lgofqf ksfzg| . /fhjzL+ -sfr_,] buf' rGb{ | l;x+ . @)%& . /fhjzL+ -sfr_] hfltsf ] wd { / ;:s+ lt[ . emfkf M l6sfbjL] /fhjzL+ . /fli6o« hg;ªVof\ cfofu] . @)$) . a;fO–;/fOF cWoogsf ] dVo' abfF' . sf7df8f F} M a;fO–;/fOF cWoog sfo–;d{ x," /fli6o« hg;ªVof\ cfofu] . l/hfn, gj/fh . @)%( . 8d/jfgfsf' ] ;/f] k] m/f] ] M cg;GwfgfTds' k:ts' . af/f M 8d/jfgf' uflj; . ?kGbxL] pBfu] ;‹ . @)$! . 3/n] ' pBfu] Ps emns, ?kGbxL] lhNnf . a6jn' M ?kGbxL] pBfu] ;‹ . /UdL,] Clifszj] . @)#% . Ps ;f| t] M tLg wf/f, tLg ;dbfosf' ] dfgj;DaGwL cWoog . sf7df8f F} M ;femf ksfzg| . /UdL,] ;gt / /fdrGb | 608g . @)#@ . gkfnu~h] kl/ro . gkfnu~h] M gkfnu~h] gu/ k~rfot . nfe, ;/' Gb] | . @)$^ . gkfnLo] dlynLs} uNk . hgsk/' M dlynL} ;flxTo ksfzg| klti7fg| . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^$ . ;‹Lo :jzf;glt/=== . hgsk/' M ;bfdf' ksfzg| . jGt, kTo| if," ;=+ . @)%* . IfqLo] ldl8of M ljut / jtdfg{ . sf7df8f F} M dfl6g{ rftf/L} . ljdn, /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)^@ . ldlynfsf ] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ / snf–k/Dk/f . sf7df8f F} M lxdfno as' :6n . ljZjsdf,{ kßnfn / dNn s=] ;Gb/,' ;=+ . ;g \ @))^ . /fHo kg;' /rgf;DaGwL+{ cjwf/0ff M blnt / dwzLsf] ] ;jfn . sf7df8f F} M hftLo ebefj] lj?4 /fli6o« d~r . 14 • t/fO–dw{ ;] ;Gbe { uGy| lji6, 8f/axfb] /' . @)%@ . ;a } hftsf ] kmnaf/L" . sf7df8f F} M ;femf ksfzg| . zdf,{ hgsnfn . @)!$ . /fKtL pkTosf . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] ef/t dqL} ;‹ . zdf,{ 6Lsf/fd . @)%$ . gkfnsf] ;tf/x¿ . sf7df8f F} M dxGb] nIdL| zdf { . zdf,{ guGb] | . @)#& . gkfnL] hghLjg . sf7df8f F} M ;femf ksfzg| . zdf,{ ds' Gb' . ldlynf efiffdo Oltxf; . agf/; M hosi0f[ bf; uKtf' . zdf,{ dflbgLk] ;fb| . @)$$ . yf¿ hflt M Ps cWoog . lj/f6gu/ M kjf" ~rn{ ;flxTo klti7fg| . zdf,{ lzj . ;g \ !((( . gkfndf] sdofk} yf| . gof F lbNnL M OG6/gzgn] na/] cugfOh{ ;g,] ;fpy Plzof dlN6l8l;lKng/L P8\efOh/L l6d -;f6_ . zdf { kf8} n,] hgfbg{ . @)^) . gkfnL] gful/stf / o;;DaGwL Pg–sfg] g' . sf7df8f F} M tf/fbjL] kf8} n] . zfx, hogf/fo0f . @)^$ . hgtf p7kl5] M afsF ] / albofsf{ ] hgcfGbfng] 8fo/L . gkfnu~h] M cGt/fn . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)!@ . dwz] lhNnf lhNnfsf ] lhldbf/ k6jf/Lsf gfpsf ] ;jfn . sf7df8f F} M sfgg" dGqfno . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)!* . hgtfsf ] cfvfdfF hgsk/' sf08 . sf7df8f F} M krf/| tyf k;f/| ljefu . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)#) . kgjf' ;{ / cJojl:yt a;fjf;] lgoGq0f;DaGwL ofhgf] / sfoqmd{ . sf7df8f F} M vfB, slif[ tyf l;rfOF { dGqfno, kgjf' ;{ ljefu . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)#! . drLb] lv] dxfsfnL -efu !, @, #, $ / %_ . sf7df8f F} M ;~rf/ dGqfno, ;rgf" ljefu . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)%$ . >d ahf/;DaGwL ;rgf" -emfkf, ;g;/L,' af/f, k;f,{ gjnk/f;L, sf:sL / afsF ] lhNnfx¿df ;~rflnt pBfux¿df] ;nUg+ hgzlQm / ;Lk ;DaGwdf ul/Psf ] cWoog kltj| bg_] . sf7df8f F} M >d dGqfno, >d ljefu, /fhuf/] ljlgdo ;jf] cfofhgf] . >L % sf ] ;/sf/ . @)%^ . sdofsf} ] ;fdflhs–cflys{ l:yltsf ] kltj| bg] . sf7df8f F} M eld" ;wf/' tyf Joj:yf dGqfno, eld" ;wf/' ljefu . >L % sf] ;/sf/ . @)^) . sd}of d'lQm tyf k'g/:yfkgf sfo{qmd -kltj| bg_] . sf7df8f F} M eld;" wf/' tyf Joj:yf dGqfno . >i7,] 6saxfb] /,' ;=+ . @)%* . gkfnsf] /fhfx¿ tyf t/fOsf{ yf¿ . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] / Pl;ofnL cg;Gwfg' sGb] ,| lqlj . k|sflzt ;fdu|L -k':ts tyf k|ltj]bg_ • 15

>i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)%( . /fli6o« ;/Iff' ;Gbedf{ ;Ldf Joj:yfkg . sf7df8f F} M eldlrq" sDkgL kf=ln=| . >i7,] :joDenfn" . @)@* . xfdL gkfnL] . nlntk/' M >i7] ksfzg| . >i7] ædNnÆ, lzj/fh . ;g \ @))$ . ldlynfsf sgf6{ jzLx¿+ / gkfnd08ndf] pgLx¿sf ] kefj| -efu !_ . nlntk/' M zn} z/fh] >i7] . ;fuf5F ,]F j;Gtsdf/L' . @)$% . nlDagL—' lxhf,] cfh, efln] . sf7df8f F} M ksfzs| pNnv] gePsf ] . ;fbfdfr', POOrL . @)^# . ;fdflhs cleofg of ljsf; ;xfotf M u;;sf} ] eldsfdfly" kZg| . sf7df8f F} M dfl6g{ rftf/L} . ;fksf6f,] lji0f ' . @)^) . gkfnsf] ] rf8kjdf{ 57 kj { . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–k| lti7fg| . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^# . hgo4' / dwzL] dlQmsf' ] sfolbzf{ . sf7df8f F} M dwzL] /fli6o« dlQm' dfrf] { . ;fx, k|e' / czf]s ho;jfn . @)^% . dw]zL ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf cfwf/x¿ . sf7df8f F} M dwzL] /fli6o« dlQm' dfrf] { . l;x,+ kdzÍ/]| . ;g \ !(&* . dlynL} gf6s cf ] /Ëd~r . k6gf M dlynL} csfbdL . ;j' bL,] blw/fh . @)%$ . lj/f6gu/sf ] ;ªlIfKt\ Oltxf; . lj/f6gu/ M lj/f6gu/ pk–dxfgu/kflnsf . ;g,] ;q" . @)$$ . yf¿sf ] vfhL,] snfnLsf} ] af; a6fnL} . :yfg pNnv] gePsf ] M hLjgZj/L] ;g] . ;f;n] ;fOG; axfM . ;g \ @))& . nfsdtsf] ] vfhL] M ;fjhlgs{ ;jfb+ . sf7df8f F} M ;f;n] ;fOG; axfM, lxdfn lstfa .

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v08 @

ck|sflzt ;fdu|L -k|ltj]bg tyf sfo{kq_ Unpublished Materials (Reports and Seminar Papers)

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Adhikari, Jagannath, Om Prakash Dev and Hari Dhungana. 2005. State and Forest: A Historical Analysis of Policies Affecting Forest Management in Nepal Tarai. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Alternatives. 2005. Nepal's Growing Refugee Crisis: A Report from Nepalgunj, Banke District. Unpublished Report, Alternatives. Asmussen, Vicky Enemark and Anders Soendergaard. 2004. Who is Listening ?: A Baseline Study in Rupandehi, Nepal of Media Access, Media Use and Use of the Community Radio Station, Radio Lumbini. Unpublished report, Nepal Press Institute. Bajracharya, Bhuban Bajra. 1980. Economic Value of Children: A Case Study of a Tharu Village. Unpublished report, CEDA, TU. Bampton, J.F.R. and B. Cammaert. 2006. How Can Timber Rents Better Contribute to Poverty Reduction through Community Forestry in the Terai Region of Nepal ? Paper presented at the international conference on ‘Managing Forests for Poverty Reduction: Capturing Opportunities in Forest Harvesting and Wood Processing’ held in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 3-6 October. Bevan, John and Bhaskar Gautam. 2008. The Political Economy Analysis: the Madhes/Tarai. Unpublished report, submitted to DFID, Nepal. 50 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Bishwakarma, Bal Maya. 2008. Educational Status of Musahar Community. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Brown, Katrina. 1995. Plain Tales from the Grasslands: The Utilisation of Natural Resources in Royal Bardia National Park, Nepal. Paper prepared for the International Association for the Study of Common Property Conference, Norway, May. CDO. 2005. A Study on Empowerment Startegy of Madhesi Dalits in Tarai. Unpublished report, submitted to SNV Nepal. Dahal, Dilli Ram. 1978. Indian Ethnic Groups in the Nepal Terai: A Study of Immigration Patterns and Socio-Economic Behavior. Unpublished report, CNAS, TU. Fujikura, Tatsuro. 2005. Translocal Interactions and social Transformations in Western Tarai: The Case of Kamaiya Mobilization. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Guneratne, Arjun. 2005. The Tharu and the State: Reflections on Democracy, State Building and the Shaping of Ethnic Identity in Nepal and India. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Hausner, Sondra. 2005. Border Towns in the Tarai: Sites of Migration. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. HMGN. 1992. Capital Formation in Agriculture: A Case Study of Jhapa and Bhojpur District. Unpublished report, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture Development. Jha, Hari Bansh. 2005. Change in Religious Composition of Population in Terai. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. cksflzt| ;fduL| -kltj| bg] tyf sfokq_{ • 51

Jha, Hari Bansh. 2006. Indo-Nepal Economic Co-operation and its Impact on Terai. Paper presented at the Bonds Beyond Borders Workshop held in Birgunj, organized by Consulate General of India, in co-operation with B.P. Koirala India-Nepal Foundation (BPKF), 27-28 May. Jha, Subhash. 2008. Religious and Cultural Dynamics of Madheshi Dalit: A Case Study of Musahar of Dhanusha District. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Justice, Scott E., Ashok Choudhury and Ajaya Choudhury. 2005. The Decline of Zamindars of Rupandehi District. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Koirala, Hriday Lal. 1995. In-migration to Jhapa District: A Case Study of Kakarvitta VDC. Unpublished report, submitted to the Research Division, Rector's Office, TU. Majumder, Mrinmoy. 2005. Social Inclusion of Nepal's Tarai: A Macro-economic Perspective. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Michale, Bernardo A. 2005. The Tarai: A Part of Moghlan or Gorkha ? Perspectives from the Time of the Anglo-Gorkha War (1814-1816). Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. NEPECON. 2004. Environmental Impact Assessment for Sanitary Land Fill Site in Jhapa. Unpublished report, submitted to Ministry of Population and Environment through Ministry of Local Development. New ERA. 2000. STD and HIV Prevalence Survey among Female Sex Workers and Truckers on Highway Routes in the Terai, Nepal. Unpublished report, submitted to Family Health International/Nepal, Lalitpur. 52 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

New ERA. 2006. Community Perceptions about Reproductive Health Issues among Married Adolescents in Parsa and Dhanusha District: A Focus Group Discussion Report. Unpublished report, submitted to EngenderHealth, Lalitpur. Patel, Rabindra Das. 2008. Causes and Process of Landlessness in Musahar Community: A Case Study of Siraha District. Unpublished Report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Salam, Abdul. 2007. A Study of Problems of Muslim Minority in Kapilbastu and Gorkha Districts in Nepal. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. SDRC Dhanusha & CARE Nepal. 2008. Proceeding of Pre-monsoon Workshop. Paper presented at ‘Pre-monsoon Disaster Preparedness Planning Workshop’ held in Dhanusha, organized by District Disaster Relief Committee, Dhanusha, SDRC Dhanusha and Disaster Management Network, 27-28 May. Shah, Shree Govind. 2006. Social Inclusion of Madhehsi Community in Nation Building. Paper presented at the Civil Society Forum Workshop for Research Programme on Social Inclusion and Nation Building in Nepal, organized by SNV, 13 February. Shakya, Sunil. 2008. Adaptive Strategies of Nepali Muslims in Urban Setting: A Case Study of Kathmandu Valley. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Sharma, C.R. n.d. Socio Economic Study of the Muslims of Nepalgunj. Unpublished report, submitted to IOHS, TU. Shrestha, Chitra Bahadur. n.d. Migration: A Study of Rickshaw Pullers in Bhadrapur. Unpublished report, IHSS, TU. Shrivastava, Umesh Narain. 2040 v.s. The Family Structure of Village Garhia Under District Saptari: A Philosophical Study. Unpublish report, IHSS, TU. Skar, Harald Olar. 2005. The Tarai as the Gatekeeper of the Kingdom. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and cksflzt| ;fduL| -kltj| bg] tyf sfokq_{ • 53

Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Thapa, Shanker. 1985. Marriage among the Muslim in Birganj. Unpublished report, submitted to IOHS, TU, Kathmandu. Thapa, Shanker. 1997. Some Aspects of Muslim Minority in Nepal. Unpublished report, submitted to the Research Division, TU. Timilsina, Vishnu Prasad. 2056 v.s. The Dimensions of Child Labor Problem in Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City. Unpublished report, submitted to TU (Co-ordination council). Upreti, B.C. 2005. Politcs of Citizenship in Nepal: Issues in Discrimination and Marginalization of Tarai. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Yadav, Leelawati. 2008. An Analytical Study on Women's Self Perception of Discrimination in Household Decision in Dhanusha District. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Yadav, Nawal Kishor. 2008. A Study on the Causes of Concequences of Child Marriage in Dhanushadham VDC of Dhanusha District. Unpublished report, submitted to SIRF, SNV Nepal. Yadav, Yogendra P. 2005. The Politics of Language Planning in Nepal's Multilingual Contexts: Its Implications for the Terai. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. Yhome, Khreizodilhou. 2005. Constructing Identity: The Case of the Madhesis of Nepal Tarai. Paper presented at ‘Nepal Tarai: Context and Possibilities’ Seminar held in Kathmandu, organized by Social Science Baha, 10-11 March. 54 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy lstfasf] n]v • 55

v08 #

lstfasf] n]v Articles from Books

cfrfo,{ afa/fd' . @)%* . czfs] / gkfn] . gkfnsf] ] Oltxf;sf ljljw kIf . lrQ/~hg gkfnL,] lbgz/fh] kGt, tn;L/fd' jB,} lq/Tg dfgGw/ / ufljGb] 608g, ;=,+ k=[ @#–#) . sf7df8f F} M gkfn] /fhsLo k1f–| klti7fg| . s=;L=,] z/axfb] /' . @)^$ . ljutaf6 l;Sgkg' ]{ kf7 . dfkm;n] . bLks 1jfnL, ;=,+ k=[ &*–*! . ¿kGbxL] M gkfn] kqsf/ dxf;‹, ¿kGbxL] . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^@ . gkfnsf] ] dw;] M ;‹Lo /fHo;/rgfsf+ ] dfulrq{ . gkfnsf] ] ;Gbedf{ /fHosf ] kgM;' /rgf+ . ;Ltf/fd tfdfª, ;=,+ k=[ @((– #$^ . sf7df8f F} M ;fdgf ksfzg| gkfn] . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^# . >LnÍf kUg' ' cl3 . >LnÍfsf ] tldn M ljeb] lj¿4sf ] ljbf| x,] k=[ !–@# . sf7df8f F} M dw;L] dfgjclwsf/ ;/If0f+ sGb] | . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^# . ;ljwfg;efk+ j" { / kZrft \ dw;Lsf] ;jfn . gful/ssf ] kxndf gof F gkfn] . gq] cfrfo,{ ;=,+ k=#(–$([ . sf7df8f F} M zflGtsf nflu ;femf cleofg, gkfn] blIf0f Pl;of sGb] ,| dfl6g{ rftf/L} / ;fdbflos' ljsf; ;Ë7g .

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Bampton, James F.R., Mani Ram Banjade and Arthur Ebregt. 2008. Collaborative Forest Management in Nepal's Terai: Policy, Practice and Contestation. In Communities, Forests and Governance: Policy and Institutional Innovations from Nepal. Hemant R. Ojha, Netra P. Timsina, Chetan Kumar, 58 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Mani R. Banjade and Brian Belcher, eds., pp. 110-141. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers. Bhatta, Binod, Akhileshwar L. Karna, Om Prakash Dev and Oliver Springate-Baginski. 2007. Participatory Forest Management in the Nepalese Tarai: Policy, Practice and Impacts. In Forest, People and Power: The Political Ecology of Reform in South Asia. Oliver Springate-Baginski and Piers Blaikie, eds., pp. 177-220. London: Earthscan. Burghart, Richard. 1993. Drinking Water in the Nepalese Tarai: Public Policy and Local Practice. In Nepal: Past and Present. Gérard Toffin, ed., pp. 267-277. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers. Burghart, Richard. 1996. The Regional Circumambulation of Janakpur as Seen in the Light of Vaishnavite Tradition. In The Conditions of Listening: Essays on Religion, History and Politics in South Asia. C.J. Fuller and Jonathan Spencer, eds., pp. 163-189. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Burghart, Richard. 1996. The Quarrel in the Language Family: Agency and Representations of Speech in Maithila. In The Conditions of Listening: Essays on Religion, History and Politics in South Asia. C.J. Fuller and Jonathan Spencer, eds., pp. 362-408. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Burkert, Claire. 1997. Defining Maithil Identity: Who is in Charge? In Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom: The Politics of Culture in Contemporary Nepal. David N. Gellner, Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka and John Whelpton, eds., pp. 241- 273. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. Chaudhary, S.N., E. Thapa and D.P. Ghimire. 1994. Gender Apportionment in Fuelwood Collection among the Tharus: A Case Study of Mainaha and Jhuwani Village of Chitwan. In IAAS Research Reports 1992-1993. F.D. Neupane, ed., pp. 218-222. Rampur: Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, TU. lstfasf] n]v • 59

Dahal, Dilli Ram. 1995. Ethnic Cauldron, Demography and Minority Politics: The Case of Nepal. In State, Leadership and Politics in Nepal. Dhruba Kumar, ed., pp.148-170. Kathmandu: CNAS, TU. Dahal, Dilli Ram. 2008. The 'Madhesi' People: Issues and Challenges of Democracy in the Nepal Tarai. In Local Democracy in South Asia: Microprocesses of Democratization in Nepal and Its Neighbours. David N. Gellner and Krishna Hachhethu, eds., pp. 128-149. New Delhi: Sage Publications. Deuja, Jagat. 2008. Landlessness in Nepal. In Land Politics and Conflict in Nepal: Realities and Potentials for Agrarian Transformation. Bishnu Raj Upreti, Sagar Raj Sharma and Jagat Basnet, eds., pp. 219-229. Kathmandu: CSRC, South Asia Regional Co-ordination Office of NCCR North-South and HNRSC. Deuja, Jagat, Ganesh Ram and Bishnu Raj Upreti. 2008. Haruwas and Charuwas of Tarai. In Land Politics and Conflict in Nepal: Realities and Potentials for Agrarian Transformation. Bishnu Raj Upreti, Sagar Raj Sharma and Jagat Basnet, eds., pp. 207-218. Kathmandu: CSRC, South Asia Regional Co-ordination Office of NCCR North-South, HNRSC. Dhakal, Suresh and Dambar Chemjong. 2007. Social-cultural Institutions of Tharus of Western Tarai, Nepal. In Democratic Indigenious Practices of Nepal. Bidya Nath Koirala, Anju Khadka and Rajan Khadka, eds., pp. 19-33 . Kathmandu: Nepal Center for Creative Research. Enslin, Elizabeth. 1998. Imagined Sisters: The Ambiguities of Women’s Poetics and Collective Actions. In Selves in Time and Place: Identities, Experience and History in Nepal. Debra Skinner, Alfred Pach and Dorothy Holland, eds., pp. 269-299. Lanham, Md. : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 60 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

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hg{nsf] n]v Articles from Journals

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^% 66 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy pkfWofo, si0fk[ ;fb| . @)@& . bgjf/' hflt Ps cjnfsg] . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ %-!_ M !%–!& . pkfWofo, bf| 0fs] df/' . @)%! . gkfnsf] ] /fhjzL+ ;dfh / ;:sf/x¿+ . k1f| *@s M @%–%$ . pkfWofo, kLtfDa/ . @)$) . /fhjzL+ ;dbfo' M Ps kl/ro . k1f| !@-!_ M %%–&) . s§n,] dbgk;fb| . @)$@–$# . ;tf/ ;:s+ lt[ M Ps lrgf/L . kfrLg| gkfn] (@–(& M !(–@^ . sfk8L, /fde/f;] . @)$( . ldlynfdf ;ËLtk/Dk/f / gkfn] . k1f| &% M @&–#% . sfsL,{ ;/:jtL . @)^% . k;fd} vL' kqsfl/tf M lj/f6gu/sf ] cgej' . ldl8of cWoog # M @&&–@(@ . sdf/,' gf/fo0f . @)@^ . bËf/f} yf¿ hfltsf ] a8f bz +} / a8sL\ df8\ efvf . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ $-!_ M !@#–!@^ . sdf/,' gf/fo0f . @)@& . bËf/f} yf¿– /fhf bËLz/0f / pgsL 3f8L] . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ %-!_ M (#–(^ . sfO/fnf,] /fHonIdL . @)%# . sdof} kyf| M Ps cWoog . k1f| *@ M !#!–!$) . sfO/fnf,] zÍ/ . @)@% . sfzL] kb| zsf] dfemL hflt . kfrLg| gkfn] # M !*–@) . vqL, kds]| df/' . @)%! . gkfnsf] ] bgjf/' ;dfh / ;:s+ ltaf/[ ] sxL] rrf { . k1f| *@s M ((–!!$ . u?ª,' hudfg . @)#* . yf¿ zAbsf ] cy { . k1f| !)-!_ M %!–%^ . uftd,} ef:s/ . ;g \ @))* . kl/ToQm dw;] M lnvtåf/f sb} gkfnL] /fli6otf« . :6l8h Og gkfnL] lx:6L« PG8 ;f;fO6L] !#-!_ M !!&–!$^ . uftd,} /fhz] . @)$^ . gkfnu~hl:yt] jfuZj/L] dlGb/ Ps kl/ro . k1f| ^^–^& M !–!! . uftd,} /fhz] . @)%# . gkfndf] bf;kyf| / o;sf ] Jofkf/ . k1f| *# M !@%–!#( . l3ld/ ] dlQmgfy' . @)$@ . b/f' hfltsf ] lrgf/L . kfrLg| gkfn] *^–** M @%–@& . hf]zL, /+ugfy . @)$( . e"ld;'wf/af6 kLl8t 5g\ yf¿x¿ . eQmk'/ !#-$–%_ M &–!^ . hg{nsf] n]v • 67 yfkf, ljsf; . @)^@ . ;LdfjtL { afwF / ef/t x/fe/f, gkfn] hndUg . kofj/0f{ !#-%#_ M !((–@@@ . bgjf/,' Hoflt] . @)^% . gkfn] t/fOdf{ hftLo u0f/fHosf ] cfwf/ / kf¿k| . hghflt hgn{ M $@–%* . bf;, xl/sfGtnfn . @)%# . ;Kt/Lsf ] /fhbjL] dlGb/ . k1f| *@ M !)#–!!) . bf;, xl/sfGtnfn . @)%% . ;Kt/Lsf ] xgdfg' dlGb/sf ] kfrLgtf| . k1f| ** M *)–*& . bfxfn, lrGtfdl0f . @)%! . ;tf/ hfltsf ] kl/ro . k1f| *@s M &(–(* . lbj;, tn;L' . @)#% . lwdfn nfs] gTosf[ ] ksf/| ljziftf] . k1f| &-@_ M %!–^# . lbj;, tn;L' . @)#% . lwdfn nfs] gf6s M ksf/| / ljziftf] . k1f| &-#_ M %#–&) . bLlIft, sbf/dl0f] cfrfo { . @)@@ . hgsk/wfd' . gkfnL] @# M #(–$& . bjsf] 6f,] /Tgfs/ . @)%! . di6f ] tyf wfdL k/Dk/f . k1f| *!s M *^–!@# . gf/fo0fsdf/' . @)@% . bËf/f} yf¿x¿sf ] ;:s+ lt[ . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ #-@_ M #)–## . gkfn,] 1fgdl0f . @)@* . sfzL] kb| z] . k1f| @-!_ M !–!! . ku+ gL,] ejZj/] . @)%* . gkfndf] efiff ljjfb M Ps /fhgLlts d2f' -lj=;=+ @)!)–@)!%_ . EjfO; ckm lx:6L« !^-@_ M (!–!)* . kf8} n,] g/Gb] /fh| . @)%% . bgjf/' hflt . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ @-#_ M $*–$( . kwfg,| cofWofk] ;fb| . @)@^ . slknj:tsf' l;4 slkn . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ $-!_ M %$–^$ . a9f,' eLpl;x+ . ;g \ @))^ . ;fgfxf] hfltsf ] dfgjzf:qLo cWoog . l/;r{ hgn{ !-!_ M !@)–!#% . e08f/L, sNof0f . @)^# . cfwlgs' gkfnL] ;ËLtdf dw;L] kltlglwTj| . ¿kfGt/0f M ;dfh cWoog $ M !)(–!!* . e08f/L, ;Ltf . @)%^ . gkfndf] ldlynf ;:s+ lt[ / o;sf ] kefj| . k1f| #! M *!–(@ . dxt, ;lht' . @)^$ . jL/u~hsf ] kqsfl/tf M gfdeGbf abgfd a9L . ldl8of cWoog @ M !(%–@!) . ld>, tf/fgGb . @)%$ . a4' hGd:yn / nlDagLsf' pTvlgt dlGb/x¿ . k1f| *$ M &–!@ . 68 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

/fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@$ . ldlynfsf ] nfsuLt] . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ @-!_ M %(–^# . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@$ . dlynL} ;:s+ lt[ . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ @-@_ M ^!–^# . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@% . ldlynfsf sxL] kj { pT;jx¿ . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ @-#_ M #&–#( . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@% . ldlynfsf sxL] kj { pT;jx¿ . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ #-@_ M $$–$& . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@^ . dlynL} nfsuLtdf] lj/fxfge' lt" . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ $-@_ M @*–## . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)@& . ldlynf, d/f] ] ldlynf . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ $-#_ M !!%–!!& . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)#$ . gkfnsf] ljleGg c~rnsf sxL] nfslk] o| nfsuLt] . k1f| &-!_ M *%–(! . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)#( . dNnsfnLg /fhfx¿sf ] dlynL} ;flxTosf ] bg] . k1f| !!-#_ M &^–*( . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)$$ . dlynL} nfs;flxTo] . k1f| %* M $!–%( . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)$( . dlynL} gf6s M pbej\ / ljsf; . k1f| &^ M ^@–^* . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)%& . sxL] dlynL} nfsufyfx¿] . k1f| (@ M *#–** . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)%( . ldlynfsf ] df;d} ;:s+ lt[ . k1f| (& M !@@–!#) . /fhj+zL, zÍ/dfg . @)@* . n'lDagL c~rndf s]xL P]ltxfl;s kq . kfrLg| gkfn] !* M $!–$^ . /fodfemL, hLtaxfb/' . @)%# . ldlynf nfslrqsnfdf] cl/kgsf ] dxŒj . k1f| *@ M #%–$@ . /fjt, e/t/fh . @)$@ . pbok/' / o;sf ] Pltxfl;s] kl/ro . kfrLg| gkfn] () M !(–@& . l/hfn, afas' i0f[ . @)#^ . nlDagL' c~rn t/fO { Ifqsf] sxL] dxŒjk0f" { k/fjz' ifx¿] . k1f| *-#_ M !–!! . /UdL,] Clifszj/fh] . @)@* . kjL" { gkfnsf] lwdfn . kfrLg| gkfn] !& M !(–%) . /UdL,] Clifszj/fh] . @)#) . sfzLsf] yf¿ ;dbfo' / ltgsf kl/jtgzLn{ ;:s+ lt[ . kfrLg| gkfn] @# M !#–%( . /UdL,] hubLz . @)#^ . hgsk/sf' ] kf/lDes| Oltxf; . k1f| *-!_ M @#–@( . hg{nsf] n]v • 69 nD;fn, b]jLk|;fb tyf /fw]Zofd e§/fO{ . @)#) . hgsk'/ c~rnsf] k/ftfl' Œjs ;jIf0f{] . kfrLg| gkfn] @^ M @#–#% . ljdn, /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)$( . ldlynfsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ ;Dkbf Ps ljZnif0f] . k1f| &% M ^#–&% . ljdn, /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)$( . dlynL} nfsufyf] Pj + nfsgf6] o\ . k1f| &^ M !!$–!@# . lji6, bfntljqmd} . @)@$ . ;tf/ hfltsf ] gTo[ . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ !-#_ M &*–*) . lji6, bfntljqmd} . @)@$ . ;tf/x¿sf ] /Lltlylt . xfdf| ] ;:s+ lt[ @-!_ M #!–#% . zdf,{ P;=Pn= . @)%! . dr] ] hfltsf ] ;:sf/+ kl/ro efuf} lns] tyf Pltxfl;s] ljjrgf] . k1f| *@s M !–@$ . zdf,{ hgsnfn . @)!( . hgsk/wfd' / sxL] cGo :yn . gkfnL] !@ M #–@% . zdf,{ hgsnfn . @)!( . nlDagL' / slknj:t ' . gkfnL] !$ M !%–@# . zdf,{ hgsnfn . @)@$ . lrtjgblv] hgsk/;Ddsf' sxL] k/ftfl' Œjs :yn . kfrLg| gkfn] @ M !–!) . zfx, rGbZj/] . @)%! . dNnsflns dlynL} gf6ssf ] /rgf–lzNk ljwfg . k1f| *!v M !))–!)^ . zfx, rGbZj/] . @)%% . dlynL} gf6ssf ] lzNk–ljwfgsf ] qmlds ljsf; . k1f| *( M &%–*^ . zfx, ke| ' . @)^% . dwzL] ;d:of / cfGbfngsf] ] kZg| . kfl1s| ;;f/+ (-!_ M ^)–^% . >Ljf:tj, ljgfbs] df/' . @)@( . t/fOdf{ krlnt| sxL] dlxnf ¿ks . k1f| @-#_ M ^*–&( . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^@ . gkfndf] 8afg' ;d:of / lg/fs/0fsf pkfo . kofj/0f{ !#-%#_ M !(!–!(* . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^# . dw;] ofqfsf /frs] kfqx¿ . ¿kfGt/0f M ;dfh cWoog $ M !!(–!#@ . ;jxf/L,{ si0f/fh[ . @)^$ . yf¿ kqklqsfsf ] ljut / jtdfg{ . ldl8of cWoog @ M !–## . l;x,+ kk| mns' df/' . @)@( . ;g;/Lsf' ] dlynL} nfs] sfJo . k1f| @-#_ M #!–#* . l;Dv8f, wj'| . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfng] / d;ndfg' ;dbfo' . axfM hgn{ #-#_ M @(–$$ . 70 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;'j]bL, /fhf/fd . ;g\ !((% . s}nfnL / s~rgk'/ M Ps P]ltxfl;s ;jIf0f{] . slG6Ao« ;g' 6 ' gkfnLh] :68Lh @@-!_ M *&–(* . ;j' bL,] /fhf/fd . @)%* . dsjfgk/' /fHo . kfrLg| gkfn] !$& M $)–$* .

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:gftsf]Q/]] tx÷Master's Degree cofn,{ ufljGb] . @)%( . s~rgk/' lhNnfdf dlxnf /fhgLlts ;xeflutf . /fhgLltzf:q, lqlj . cofn,{ bLkf . @)^) . tnL] hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf dxfQ/L] lhNnf nfxf/klt] uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . cofn,{ kbdk;fb| . @)%& . bgjf/L' gkfnL] efiffsf zAbjusf{ ] tngf' . gkfnL,] lqlj . cofn,{ al4;fu/' . @)^) . yf¿ hfltsf ;fdflhs ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf M gjnk/f;L lhNnf k;f| gL} uflj;sf yf¿ hfltsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . cof{n, e/tsfGt . @)%$ . l;/xf lhNnf /fdgu/ ld/r}ofsf d';x/ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . cfrfo,{ 6Í/fh . @)%% . gkfnL] / ;tf/ efiffsf kb;Ëltsf ] tngfTds' cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . cfrfo,{ tf/f . @)%% . df/ªsf] yf¿ hflt M Ps cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . zfwkq] • 89 cfrfo,{ zÍ//fh . @)%$ . emf/fxf6] uflj;sf df/ËLof] yf¿sf ] ;fdflhs / ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yfsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . pkfWofo, /~hgf . @)%& . hgsk/' gu/kflnsfsf rdf/x¿sf ] ;fdflhs cflys{ cj:yf;DaGwL Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . pktL,]| wd/fh{ . @)%& . s~rgk/' lhNnf /sjf/} uflj;sf /fgf yf¿sf] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ Pj + cflys{ cj:yf Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . pktL,]| klbkgfy| . @)$$ . a6jnsf' ] Pltxfl;s] cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . pktL,]| d0ffn[ . @)%! . gkfnsf] ] emfu8+ ;dfh . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . pktL,]| ljhosdf/' . @)%% . chgwf/f{' uflj;sf /fhjzL+ hflt M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . cfemf,] bLkHoflt] . @)%( . s~rgk/' lhNnfsf dQm' sdofsf} ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ cj:yf;DaGwL cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . s8F n,] lgdnf{ . @)%% . lrtjg e08f/fsf yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf M Ps cWoog . lqlj . s;fsf/,+ clgtf . @)%* . lqejggu/' gu/kflnsfsf yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . s§n,] dbgk;fb| . @)$$ . bezf{] ufksf+ ;tf/x¿sf ] ;fdflhs ;f:s+ lts[ ;jIf0f{] . Oltxf;, lqlj . s0f,{ clgnsdf/' nfn . @)^! . d;ndfg' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yfsf ] cWoog M wgiff' lhNnf a;lxof uflj;sf d;ndfgx¿sf' ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . sfsL,{ snaxfb' /' . @)#* . jfO { ufkdf+ skf; vtL] Ps cWoog . cyzf:q,{ lqlj . sfsL,{ ;lgtf' . @)%% . nKrf] hfltsf ] ;:s+ ltdf[ cfPsf kl/jtgx¿{ Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . sj/+' -s=;L=_,] zf/bf . @)%$ . ;fdbflos' jg ljsf; sfoqmddf{ ufdL0f| dlxnfsf] e"ldsf, dlxnf pksf/ ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmd afsF sf] ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . s=;L=,] u0fzaxfb] /' . @)^! . ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;fgf ls;fg ;:yfut+ ljsf; sfoqmdsf{ ] eldsf" M albof{ lhNnf dgfkf} v/L] uflj;sf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . 90 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy s=;L=] -sfˆn_,] ;hg' . @)%& . /fhjzL+ dlxnfx¿sf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ Pj + ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog, emfkf lhNnf xNbLaf/L uflj; . ;÷df, lqlj . sfO/fnf,] /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)^) . ;Kt/L lhNnf j;ljl6of uflj;sf rdf/ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . IfqL,] xl/axfb/' . @)%@ . bgjf/' hfltsf ] hGdblv] dTo[ ;Ddsf' ] ;:sf/x¿+ Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . v8uf,\ pdf . @)^) . bËf/f} yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ Pj + cflys{ cj:yf, bfª, 8¿jf' uflj; j8f g=+ & / ( sf bËf/f} yf¿x¿sf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . vltj8f, lx/f/fh . @)%& . d;x/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs Pj + cflys{ cj:yf M ;'g;/L lhNnf /fdu~h j]nul5of uflj;sf d';x/ hfltsf] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . vgfn, sNkgf . @)^! . kjf" ~rn{ IfqLo] ;~rf/ dfWod / pnfaf/LaLr{ ;x–;aGw . kqsfl/tf, kjf" ~rn{ ljZjljBfno . vgfn, /dz] . @)%( . lwdfn ;dbfosf' ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf M emfkf ;lgZr/ ] uflj;sf ] ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . v/n,] buf' { . @)$( . jfnjf' ufp F ljsf; ;ldltsf bgjf/' hfltsf ;fdflhs / cflys{ hLjg . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . vftL, bLks . @)## . ¿kGbxL] lhNnf cGtut{ kg {] k8;/L ufksf+ ] pTkfbg k0ffnLdf| j1flgs} pks/0fx¿sf ] Ps cWoog . ufDo| lrq0f1, dfgljsL / ;fdflhs zf:q, lqlj . ufxf, /Tgaxfb/' . @)^) . ;fdbflos' ljsf;df klqmofd| vL' sfoqmdsf{ ] kefj| M afsF ] / ;v' t]{ lhNnfdf ;~rflnt klqmofd| vL" sfoqmd{ cGtut{ ul7t ;dxx¿sf" ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj .

1 /fli6o« ljsf; ;jfcGtu] t{ :gftsfQ/] txsf ljBfyLn{ ] ug {] ;fw] sfonfO{ { ufDo| lrq0f elgGYof ] . ;g \ !(&$ df ;?' ePsf ] /fli6o« ljsf; ;jf] sfoqmdcGtu{ t{ lqejg' ljZjljBfnodf :gftsfQ/] ug {] ;Dk0f" { ljBfyLn{ ] clgjfo { ¿kdf b; dlxgf ufpdfF a;/] Toxf F xg' ] lzIff, :jf:Yo, slif,[ lgdf0f,{ cflb ljsf; sfodf{ ;nUg+ eP/ sfd ug {' kYof {] . ;g \ !(&( kl5 o;nfO { 36fP/ tLg dlxg ] ljzif] sfoqmd{ / To;kl5 Ps dlxgf ufpdfF a;/] ufDo| lrq0f (Village Profile) dfq u/ ] kUg' ] eof ] . ljBfyLx¿n{ ] ufpnF nfO] { k~rfotsf ] lj/fw] / axbnsf' ] kIfdf nfUg kl/t]| ug { yfn] eg/] k~rfotL ;/sf/n ] of ] sfoqmdnfO{ { aGb u/sf] ] xf ] eGg ] cf/fk] nufOG5 . zfwkq] • 91 u'Ktf, o1gf/fo0f . @)## . sf]Tdf jf/fxrf}/ ufpF k~rfotsf] cfly{s cj:yf . ufDo| lrq0f, jfl0fHo, lqlj . uKtf,' /~hgf . @)^! . uKtf' kl/jf/sf dlxnfx¿sf ] ;fdflhs / cflys{ cj:yf M ;g;/L' lhNnf /fdgu/ e6fxf–" ^, uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . u?ª,' kdf| bs] df/' . @)^) . d;x/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ / cflys{ cj:yf, ;g;/L' cd8jf' uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . u?ª,' ;fg ' . @)%^ . emfkf lhNnf awaf/' ] uflj;sf lwdfn hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ kIf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . uftd,} vdnfn] . @)%* . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s+ lts[ l:ylt M lrtjg lhNnf kl6xfgL uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . uftd,} kis//fh' . @)^) . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ cj:yf …albofÚ{ lhNnf 7fs/åf/' uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . uftd,} eld/fh" . @)$$ . bfª rf3} /fl:yt] l;4 /tggfy d7sf ] ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . uftd,} ;Gb/' . @)%$ . bfª lhNnfsf kd| v' wflds{ :ynx¿sf ] Ps ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . l3ld/,] szj] . @)#( . wgiff' lhNnfsf ] dlynL} afXd0fx¿| Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . l3ld/,] ufljGbk] ;fb| . @)## . ¿kGbxLdf] yf¿ ;dfhsf ] /xg ;xg . ufDo| lrq0f, lqlj . l3ld/,] emfnfgfy] . @)%! . @)$^ ;fnsf ] hgcfGbfngdf] df/ª] / sf7df8fF} tngfTds' cWoog . /fhgLltzf:q, lqlj . l3ld/,] tËf' . @)%% . dxGb] gu/| uflj;sf emfu/F hflt M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . l3ld/,] åfl/sfk;fb| . @)%* . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ / ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . l3ld/,] gj/fh . @)$) . emfkfdf /fli6o« k~rfot ;b:osf ] lgjfrg–{ @)#* M Ps cWoog . /fhgLltzf:q, lqlj . l3ld/,] lji0fk' ;fb| . @)#* . emfkfsf /fhjzL+ hflt Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . 92 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy rfkfufO,+{ lszf/] . @)$( . emfkfdf cfdlgjfrg{ M Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . rfkfufO,+{ /df . @)^$ . snfnL} lhNnfsf sIff ^ df cWoog/t yf¿ dftefifL[ ljBfyLx¿n{ ] gkfnL] efiffx¿sf ] pRrf/0f ubf { ug ]{ q6Lsf' ] cWoog . lzIff, lqlj . rfw/L,} cRotfgGb' . @)#* . dlynL} zfj} ;flxTo k/Dk/fd ] huHofltdNns] x/uf/L} ljjfx gf6s cWoog . dlynL,} lqlj . rfw/L,} cfef . @)%^ . bj] hfltdf bfOhf ] kyfsf| ] l:ylt M ;Kt/L lhNnfcGtut{ la;xl/of uflj;sf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . rfw/L,} nng . @)%$ . ;Kt/Lsf yf¿ ;dbfosf' ] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf . ;÷df, lqlj . rf}w/L, ;Togf/fo0f . @)$( . tgd'gf uflj;sf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s cj:yfsf ] Ps cWoog -yf¿ hfltsf_] . ;÷df, lqlj . rfw/L,} xl/bQ . @)^! . yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yfdf cfPsf ] kl/jtg{ M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . rf}w/L, lx/fnfn . @)^@ . bfª lhNnf uf]j/l8of uflj; If]qsf yf¿ sdfnx¿sf' ] ;fdflhs hLjg M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . hfzL,] sdf/nfn' . @)$! . lj/f6gu/sf ofbj hflt–Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf; ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . hfzL,] ZofdeQm . @)$% . kjL" { gkfndf] /fhjzL+ hfltsf ] nfs] hLjg . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . 1jfnL, oUo/fh . @)^$ . snfnL} l6sfk/sf' dQm' yf¿ sdofx¿sf} ] lzIff kxrF' sd xg' df' ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . emf, ctn' Zj/] . @)^@ . ;dsfnLg gkfnL] dlynL} ;flxTo . dlynL,} lqlj . emf, kzkltgfy' . @)$) . gkfns] dlynL} gf6ssf/ pdfklt pkfWofos …kfl/hftx/0fÚ gf6ss cWoog . dlynL,} lqlj . emf, ?bgf/fo0f| . @)$) . dlynL} ;flxTod ] /fdsfJo k/Dk/fs cWoog . dlynL,} lqlj . 7fs/,' lbuDa/ . @)%( . /ftx6} lhNnfsf ] 8d' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yfsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . 7fs/,' gdfgf/fo0f] . @)$) . kf=] xl/dfxg] emfs JoªUo–;flxTos\ cWoog . dlynL,} lqlj . zfwkq] • 93

7fs/,' ladnZj/] . @)%& . df/ª] lhNnf algufdf uflj; j8f g=+ ( sf yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs cflys{ hLjgM Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . 7fs/,' al4/fd' . @)$) . dlynL} PsfÍLs lzNk ljwfgs cWoog . dlynL,} lqlj . 8Ëfn,] laGb ' . @)%@ . df/ª] lhNnf ;vjf8' sf] emfu8F hfltsf ] Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . 9Ëfgf,' c?0fsdf/' . @)%) . /Tggu/ uflj; yf¿ hfltsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ kIf . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ltlD;gf, ;fdgfy] . @)%% . l;hjf' uflj;sf /fhjzL+ hflt Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . tnfw/,' xl//Tg . @)$% . af/f lhNnfsf ] yf¿ hfltsf khf' Pj + rf8 kjx¿{ M Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . lqkf7L, buf' gfy{ . @)^$ . åGåaf6 cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflktx¿sf ] Ps cWoog, gkfnu~h] gu/kflnsf afsF ] . euf" n,] lqlj . yfkf, u0fzaxfb] /' . @)%# . vgf/ uflj;sf df/ËLof] yf¿sf ] ;fdflhs cj:yf M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . bjf8L, lul//fh . @)%! . d;x/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf M ;g;/L' lhNnf jSnf/L] uflj;sf ] cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . bfxfn, buf' k{ ;fb| . @)%$ . bgjf/L' efiff M Ps cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . bfxfn, ejfgLk;fb| . @)^# . emfkf lhNnfsf sIff ( df cWoog/t ljBfyLx¿sf{ ] gkfnL] zAb pRrf/0f ug ]{ q6Lx¿sf' ] cWoog . lzIff, lqlj . bfxfn, ;Demgf . @)%& . lwdfnx¿sf ] ;fdflhs hghLjg M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . bfxfn, xL/fdl0f . @)%@ . @)$^ ;fnsf ] hg cfGbfngdf] emfkf lhNnfsf] eldsf" . /fhgLltzf:q, lqlj . bnfn,' /Ltf . @)%* . bnf/L' uflj;sf emfu8F hfltsf ;fdflhs cflys{ kIfsf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . bnfn,' nfsgfy] . @)%* . d;x/' hflt Ps cWoog, 8fuLxf6F uflj; df/ª] . ;÷df, lqlj . bjsf] 6f,] jf;b' j] . @)%$ . /fdk/' uflj; M cfGtl/s a;fO F ;/fOsf ] sf/0f tyf kefj| Ps cWoog . euf" n,] lqlj . 94 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy lwtfn, gljGb | . @)%* . lrtjg lhNnfsf ] aSofnL} uflj;sf yf¿x¿sf] ;fdflhs, cflys{ cj:yf M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . lwtfn, /Def . @)^! . snfnL} lhNnf wgu9L lzlj/sf dQm' sdofx¿sf} ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ cj:yf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . lg/fnf,} uLtfbjL] . @)%& . ;tf/ efiffsf ] j0fgfTds{ cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . lg/fnf,} ths] df/' . @)^) . /fhjzL+ dlxnfx¿sf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf / eldsf" M /fhu9 uflj;sf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . gkfn,] pkGb] k| ;fb| . @)%* . ;g;/L' lhNnfdf dtbfg Jojxf/sf ] cWoog M @)$*–@)%^ . euf" n,] lqlj . Gofkfg} ,] kltdf| . @)%* . ¿kGbxL] lhNnf l6snLu9' uflj;sf yf¿ hfltsf] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf / kl/jtgx¿{ M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . kGt, OGbs| df/L' . @)%^ . emf/fxf6sf] emfu8x¿sfF ] ;f:s+ lts[ kIf M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . kGt, rfnfs] df/L' . @)%% . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs Pj + ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M lrtjg lhNnf uLtfgu/ uflj;sf ] Ps gdgf" cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . k/fhnL,' dLgf . @)%@ . rGbu9L| emfkfsf ;tf/ hflt / ltgLx¿sf ] hLjg Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . kf08,] ofbj ljnf; . @)## . un/Lof' ufk + slif[ pTkfbgdf tnxg] afnLsf] eldsf" . ufDo| lrq0f, jfl0fHo, lqlj . kf08,] ;zLnf' . @)$^ . df5f kfng Joj;fosf ] ;fdflhs Pj + cflys{ kIf, /Tggu/ ufksf+ ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . khfnL,F' nId0f . @)^$ . ;fdflhs ;f:s+ lts[ lg/Gt/tf / kl/jtg{ M nlntk/' lhNnf 9s' 5fk' uflj;sf bgjf/x¿sf' ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, kjf" ~rn{ ljZjljBfno . knfdL,' kdaxfb]| /' . @)%* . df/ªsf] lwdfn hfltsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ hLjg Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . kfv/] n,] hLjg . @)$& . emfkf lhNnfsf ] lhldGbf/L kyf| Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . kfv/] n,] kfi6/fh] . @)%& . /ftx6sf} dfemL hfltsf ;fdflhs / cflys{ hLjg . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . zfwkq] • 95 kfv/] n,] Zofd/fh . @)%* . bgjf/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ tyf ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M l;GwnL' lhNnf kLkndf9L uflj;l:yt bgjf/' hfltsf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . kfv] n,]| czfss] df/' . @)$( . ljhf/Lsf} yf¿ ;dbfosf' ] ljjfx k/Dk/f Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . kf8} n,] u0fz] . @)^$ . af/f lhNnf sIff !) df k9g\ ] yf¿ efifL ljBfyLx¿n{ ] gkfnL] efiffdf ug ]{ q6Lx¿sf' ] ljZnif0ffTds] cWoog . lzIff, lqlj . kf8Øfn,} lzjk;fb| . @)%! . nlDagL' Ifqdf] krlnt| gkfnL] pvfgsf] cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . kf8Øfn,} xl//fh . @)$* . xNrfs] / kmnaf/Lsf" kt' jf/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs cflys{ cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . kwfg,| czfss] df/' . @)%) . gkfndf] h6v' tLsf] ] ;d:of -pTkfbg tyf lgoftsf{ ] ljzif] ;Gbe_{ . cyzf:q,{ lqlj . k;fO| ,+{ clgnsi0f[ . @)%* . sfxj/f] uflj;sf ] ;tf/ hflt M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . k|;fO{+, of]udfof . @)%* . df]/ª lhNnfsf] pnf{af/L uflj;sf lwdfn hfltsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . Kofs'¥ofn, /fhs'df/ . @)^$ . df]/ª lhNnf l;h'jf uflj;sf ;tf/ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ l:ylt Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, kjf" ~rn{ ljZjljBfno . a/fn, gj/fh . @)^! . /fO { bgjf/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs ;f:s+ lts[ Pj+ cflys{ kIf M gfla;} ] uflj; wflbªsf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . a/fn, ljdnk;fb| . @)%# . l;GwnL' lhNnf xTkt ] uflj;sf bgjf/' hfltsf] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s+ lts[ kIf M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . a:gt,] lbkssdf/' . @)%* . yf¿ ;dbfodf' zx/Ls/0f tyf cfwlgsLs/0fsf' ] kefj,| bfª lhNnfsf ] lqejg' gu/kflnsfsf yf¿x¿sf ] ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . a9f,' eLpl;x+ . @)%( . dQm' sdofx¿sf} ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf M albof{ lhNnf u0fzk] /' ufpsfF ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . 96 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy a9fyf' sL,] 3gZofd . @)^! . bËfnL yf¿x¿sf ] k/Dk/fut eife] iff,' cfeif0f" / ljjfx ;:sf/,+ Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . e§/fO,{ crgf{ . @)%* . afofUof;] kof| un] ] df/ª] lhNnfsf pkefQmfx¿df] k/sf] ] kefj| M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . e§/fO,{ gf/fo0f . @)$( . emfkfdf gkfn] lrof ljsf; lgud cGtutsf{ aufgx¿sf ] cj:yf . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . e§/fO,{ zlz . @)$% . hnZj/] dxfbj] dlGb/ M Ps ;f:s+ lts[ cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . e§/fO,{ ;lgtf' . @)^! . df/ª] lhNnfdf krlnt| nfs] uLtsf ] ;Íng, jlus/0f{ / ljZnif0f] . gkfnL,] lqlj . e08f/L, chg{' . @)%$ . uf/vf] lhNnfdf d;ndfg' ;dbfo' . Oltxf;, lqlj . e08f/L, ufljGbk] ;fb| . @)$% . ed/;' jf' ufp F k~rfotsf bgjf/' hg hLjgsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ kIf Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . e08f/L, lnnaxfb/' . @)%* . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . e08f/L, lzjnfn . @)^) . yf¿ hghfltsf ] ;fdflhs ;f:s+ lts[ Pj+ cflys{ cj:yf M cfgGb uflj; ¿kGbxLsf] ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . e;fn,' zflGt . @)$% . kfv/f] s08x/sf' d;ndfgx¿sf' ] ;fdflhs tyf wflds{ hLjg M Ps cWoog . :;÷df, lqlj . dlNns, zn} Gb] gf/fo0f| . @)$^ . wgiff' lhNnfsf ] sfo:y hfltdf, krlnt| khf" Pj + rf8 kjx¿{ M Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . dxtf], /fdgf/fo0f . @)%* . ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] dn+ujf gu/kflnsf / xhl/of uflj;df /xsf] ckfËx¿sf ] Ps cWoog . euf" n,] lqlj . df:s,] /0f] ' . @)^! . ljhok/' l:yt bGtsfnL dlGb/sf ] wflds{ Pj + k/ftfl' Œjs cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ld>, buf' { . @)%& . df/ª] lhNnf cd/bx uflj;sf ] ;tf/ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs hghLjg . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ld>, lgdn{ . @)%* . PsDjf uflj;sf yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yfsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zfwkq] • 97 dgfnL,} sbf/] . @)$! . gLhu9 cfbz { ufksf+ ] kl/ro / /zd] vtLsf] ] ;DefJotf . ufDo| lrq0f, dfgljsL tyf ;fdflhszf:q, lqlj . d}gfnL …l3ld/]Ú, ;lrqf . @)%^ . cdf]xL j]nfxf uflj;sf /hwl/of yf¿hfltsf ] ;fdflhs / ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . ofbj, c?0fsdf/' . @)%* . aflx/L a;fO F ;/fO kj| lQsf[ ] cWoog M l;/xf lhNnf O6f6f/{ uflj;sf ] gdgf" cWoog . euf" n,] lqlj . ofbj, rGbZj/k] ;fb| . @)#( . gkfndf] bf;kyf;DaGwL| Ps emns . Oltxf;, lqlj . ofbj, /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)$$ . l;df| gu9sf} ] Oltxf; . Oltxf;, lqlj . /f0ff, ;gLtf' . @)%^ . bfª bpv] /L' lhNnfsf ] ;fl8of/+} uflj;sf yf¿x¿sf] ;fdflhs tyf cflys{ cj:yf . :;÷df, lqlj . /fjt, cfk] Gb] | . @)^@ . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . /fjt, e/t/fh . @)$@ . pbok/sf' ] Pltxfl;s] cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . l/hfn, gj/fh . @)%% . af/f lhNnfsf] ;flxlTos of]ubfg . g]kfnL, lqlj . l/dfn, dbgsdf/' . @)$$ . hgsk/wfdsf' ] k/ftfl' Œjs dxŒjsf :yn tyf j:tx¿' M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . l/hfn, j;Gtk;fb| . @)#% . snfnLsf} yf¿x¿ . Oltxf;, lqlj . /UdL,] aLhof . @)%$ . bfª pkTosfsf yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s+ lts[ k/Dk/f / xfn blvPsf] kl/jtgx¿{ . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . /fsf,] bLks . @)%* . ;g;/L' lhNnfcGtut{ PsDaf uflj;sf yf¿x¿sf] ;fdflhs / cflys{ cj:yf Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . nfld5fg,] u0fzk] ;fb| . @)#( . af/f lhNnfsf ] d;ndfgaf/' ] Ps ;lIfKt+ cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . nfld5fg,] e/tk;fb| . @)%@ . kfrvfnF ufp F ljsf; ;ldltsf bgjf/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs cj:yf . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . 98 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy nfld5fg,] xl/x/ . ldlt pNnv] gePsf ] . bgjf/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf M nlntk/' lhNnf 8s' 5fk' uflj;df a;faf;] u/sf] bgjf/' hfltsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . nfn, /jtL/d0f] . @)$) . dlynL} uNkd ] ;fdflhs ;d:ofs cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . nO' 6F n,] uLtfsdf/L' . @)%* . lwdfn hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf . :gftsfQ/] zfwkq,] ;÷df, lqlj . nO' 6F n,] ufljGb] . @)%^ . emf/fxf6] uflj;sf emfu8F M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . jfOjf, nO' ;fª{ . @)^@ . ;g;/L' lhNnf cd8jf' uflj;sf ] d;x/x¿sf' ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yfsf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . ljZjsdf,{ dfxg] . @)%% . ;g;/L' lhNnfsf ljZjsdf { hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ tyf /fhglts} cj:yf M Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . jw,} lgdnf{ . @)%# . gjnk/f;L lhNnfsf ] k/ftfl' Œjs dxŒjsf :ynx¿ tyf j:tx¿' M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . Jo~hgsf/, rGbs| df/L' . @)^! . nfnaGbL uflj;df ;~rflnt ufdL0f| dlxnfx¿sf ] nflu pTkfbg shf { (PCRW) sfoqmdsf{ ] kefjsfl/tf| Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zdf,{ sNkgf . @)%^ . sf/fuf/ / aGbLx¿ gjnk/f;L lhNnf sf/fuf/ M Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zdf,{ dfxg/fh] . @)%* . yf¿ hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ / cflys{ cj:yf ¿kGbxL] lhNnf s/lxrf uflj;sf ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zdf,{ /fdsfGt . @)%& . snfnL} lhNnfsf kfylds| txsf yf¿ ljBfyLx¿sf{ ] zlIfs} pknAwLsf ] cWoog . lzIff, lqlj . zdf,{ ;/:jtL . @)%) . ;fgdfO] { uflj;sf wfgs' hflt Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . zfx, sljtf . @)%* . bfªsf ] 7s/Lx¿sf' ] ;fdflhs ;:sf/+ Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . zfx, lszf/k] ;fb| . @)^) . wgiff' lhNnfdf krlnt| gkfnL] / dlynL} ;:sf/,+ kj { / >d nfsuLtx¿sf] ] ;Íng / kl/rofTds cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . zfwkq] • 99 zfx, ou' Zj/] . @)%) . bezf]{ uflj;sf /fhjzL+ hflt, Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zfx, lji0faxfb' /' . @)%& . yf¿ ;dbfodf' j4j[ 4fx¿sf[ ] :yfg M 6Lsfk/' gu/kflnsfsf yf¿ j4j[ 4fx¿sf[ ] Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . lzjfsf6L,] /fwZofd] . @)%* . af/fsf yf¿x¿ M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . zkf] ,{ OGbaxfb| /' . @)^! . bgjf/hfltsf' ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ tyf cflys{ cj:yf M 8s' 5fk' uflj;sf bgjf/' hfltsf ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . >i7,] cd/gfy . @)$$ . af/f lhNnfsf ] yf¿ ;dfhdf krlnt| ljjfx k4lt Ps cWoog . Oltxf;, lqlj . >i7,] ksfz| . @)%^ . bfª lhNnf ;fl8of/} uflj;sf yf¿x¿sf ] ;fdflhs hLjgsf ] cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . >i7,] nfsaxfb] /' . @)%& . dr] ] -af8f] _] hfltsf ] ;fdflhs–cflys{ cj:yf M emfkf lhNnf hnyn uflj; Ps gdgf' cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . >i7,] ;ldqf' . @)$% . bxjL' cfbz { ufksf+ yf¿ hfltsf ] ;:s+ lt[ . Oltxf;, lqlj . ;ªu\ f| nf,} sj' /gfy] . @)%* . emfkf lhNnf z/0ffdlt uflj;sf uGufO{ ;dbfosf' ] ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ Pj + cflys{ kIfsf ] ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . ;ªu\ f| nf,} lghnf{ . @)%) . O6x/Lsf ;Ktx/Lof tyf df/ËLof] yf¿ M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ;ªu\ f| nf,} eujtL . @)%! . df/ª] lhNnfsf ] ;tf/ hflt M Ps cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ;ªu\ f| nf,} /fhGb] | . @)%& . df/ª] lhNnf anaf/L] uflj;sf lwdfn hfltsf] ;fdflhs, cflys{ / zlIfs} cj:yf M Ps dfgjzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . ;ªu\ f| nf,} /fdlnnf . @)%^ . df/ª] lhNnfdf bezf]{ uflj;sf /fhjzL+ hfltsf ] ;f:s+ lts[ kIfsf ] cWoog . gkfnL] Oltxf;, ;:s+ lt[ tyf k/ft' Œj, lqlj . ;fksf6f,] OGbgf/fo0f| . @)^# . emfkf lhNnfsf pRr dfljsf zlIfs} l:ylt Ps cWoog . lzIff, lqlj . 100 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;fksf6f,] /fhZj/L] . @)%% . xfltd9f" uflj;sf aft/F hflt Ps cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . l;x,+ gfuZj/] . @)$@ . rGbf emfs lzj ljifos uLt . dlynL,} lqlj . l;6fnf,} hdgfb' jL] . @)%% . ;du~h anul5ofsf] emfu8F hfltsf ] ;fdflhs, cflys{ hLjg . ;÷df, lqlj . l;6fnf,} zf/bf . @)%# . df/ªsf] yf¿ dlxnfx¿sf ] jtdfg{ cj:yf . gkfnL,] lqlj . ;Aaf,' clDasf . @)^# . ;g;/L' l:yt /fdwgL' dlGb/ M Ps cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . ;j' bL,] sjL/fh . @)^# . af/f lhNnfdf krlnt| gkfnL] tyf efhk] /L' nfsuLtx¿sf] ] tngfTds' cWoog . gkfnL,] lqlj . ;j' bL,] nIdL . @)%% . lwdfn ;dbfodf' krlnt| nfssyfsf] ] ;Íng, juLs/0f{ / ljZnif0f] . gkfnL,] lqlj . ;j' bL,] ljdn . @)^! . d;x/' hfltsf ] ;fdflhs / cflys{ cj:yf M ;g;/L' lhNnf tgdgf' uflj;sf d;x/x¿sf' ] Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, lqlj . xdfn, lgZrn . ;g \ @))^ . bfª lhNnf gf/fo0fk/' uflj;sf yf¿ hfltsf] ;fdflhs cflys{ / ;f:s+ lts[ cj:yf M Ps ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog . ;÷df, kjf" ~rn{ ljZjljBfno .

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v08 ^

kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L Materials from Newspapers and Magazines

nv]]]]] ÷Articles csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)%* . t/fO { Ifqsf] ] cg;Gwfg' kltj| bg] M /fli6o« PsLs/0f ls ljv08gsf nflu < gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, * kmfug,' k=[ $ . csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)%( . dlyn} ;:s+ ltdf[ bz +} . uf/vfkq] , @# c;fh,] k=[ $ . csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)^) . dwzL] ;dbfosf' ] b/fj:yfsf' ] lhDdbf/] :jo+ dwzL] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @# jzfv,} k=[ $ . csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)^# . dlyn} ;:s+ ltsf[ ] kj { …lhltcfÚ . uf/vfkq] , @! c;fh,] k=[ $ . csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)^@ . dlyn} ;:s+ ltdf[ buf' { khf" . uf/vfkq] -zlgaf/_, @@ c;fh,] k=[ v . csnf,] uËfk;fb| . @)^# . ;f:s+ lts[ / ;fdflhs kj { 57 . uf/vfkq] , !@ sflQs, k=[ $ . cujfn,| ;Ltf/fd . @)^# . ;d:of rsfpg{ ] gful/stf ljwos] . sflGtk/' , # c;fh,] k=[ & .

!%& 158 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy cuxl/,| ;Ltf/fd . @)^$ . kxf8L—dw;Lsf] ] ldng ;Dej 5g} < uf/vfkq] , !* ;fpg, k=[ & . cuxl/,| ;Ltf/fd . @)^$ . gkfnL] /fhgLltsf ] rgf' tL} / dw;] . uf/vfkq] , @^ df3, k=[ & . cuxl/,| ;Ltf/fd . @)^$ . bz] ljv08gsf ] vt/f jf ;fdYoxLg{ ;f/ly Û uf/vfkq] , !! kmfug,' k=[ & . cuxl/,| ;Ltf/fd . @)^% . s;n ] eG5 gkfndf] dw;] 5g} < uf/vfkq] , @* c;f/, k=[ ^ . clwsf/L, sljtf . @)^# . k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Daf]wg / t/fO{ cfGbf]ng . /fhwfgL, @@ df3, k=[ # . clwsf/L, rtg] . @)^@ . kltsf/sf| ] l/; ufpnF dfly] . gkfn] , !* jzfv,} k=[ !@–!% . clwsf/L, rtg] . @)^@ . k;f} c;Nb' } kltsf/| ;ldlt . gkfn] , !) k;,' k=[ #)–#! . clwsf/L, rtg] . @)^@ . kml/] qf;aLr ufpFn ] . gkfn] , !# rt,} k=[ !*–!( . clwsf/L, rtg] . @)^# . 8Ëf' 7Nb] } ;:tf' . sflGtk/' , !^ c;f/, k=[ & . clwsf/L, bLks . @)^$ . t/fO{Dff cf]Ol/of] ef/tLo ;xof]u . g]kfn, @) ;fpg, k=[ $@–$# . clwsf/L, bLks . @)^$ . dw;L–kxf8L] dfoflk/tL . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ $^–$* . clwsf/L, bLks . @)^$ . cltqmd0f lj?4 cfqmfz] . gkfn] , @@ k;,' k=[ #$–#^ . clwsf/L, lgdif] . @)%& . lk5l8Psf ] hflt d;x/' . sflGtk/' -sf;] nL_,] @& sflQs, k=[ u . clwsf/L, /jLGb| . @)^% . /fi6«3ftL / ljv08gsf/L ;f]r . a'waf/, !* c;f/, k=[ !÷* . clwsf/L, /fdsi0f[ . @)^! . dfcfjfbLnfO] { em6sf\ . ;do, @! df3, k=[ ## . clwsf/L, /fdrGb | . @)^# . cfGbfng,] ;/sf/ / jftfj/0f . bzg{ , !$ df3, k=[ @ . clwsf/L, z/b . @)^! . lg/Lx ;/IffJoj:yf' . ;do, #! ebf,} k=[ @*–@( . clwsf/L, zlzsfGt . @)^$ . Oltxf;sf ] b08 . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @# kmfug,' k[= * . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 159 clwsf/L, lzj . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] ;/lIft' cjt/0f . dwzjf0fL] , ! c;fh,] k=[ & . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh] . @)^! . dfnfgfx¿sf} ] /x:odo lu/ˆtf/L . gkfn] , !& c;fh,] k=[ !$–!% . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh] . @)^$ . 5f/L] / ef6] cfˆg } hftnfO { . gkfn] , @$ rt,} k=[ ##–#% . clwsf/L, ;/f]h/fh . @)^% . /fi6«jfbsf] /ª -zky–ljjfb_ . g]kfn, @^ ;fpg, k=[ @!–@# . clwsf/L, ;/f]h/fh . @)^% . /fhgLlts cfj/0fdf ck/fw . g]kfn, !) sflQs, k=[ !*–@) . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh] / cdg sfO/fnf] . @)^$ . ;Í6df ;xsfo { . gkfn] , @$ rt,} k=[ #^–#& . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh,] eLd l3ld/,] lrqfË yfkf, dfwj 9Ë' n] / cdg sfO/fnf] . @)^# . kg' M :yflkt gxbF' } lj:yflkt . gkfn] , $ rt,} k=[ !#–!% . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh] / /jLGb | pktL]| . @)^! . tnfs Û tnfs ÛÛ tnfs ÛÛÛ gkfn] , !* k;,' k=[ #@–## . clwsf/L, ;/fh/fh] / ;hLt' dxt . @)^$ . czflGtdfem hxf F rgfj' xbF' 5} . gkfn] , !& rt,} k=[ @^–@& . clwsf/L, ;/f]h/fh, ;'hLt dxt / lzj k'/L . @)^$ . ;Gqf;aLr ;ljwfg;ef+ . gkfn] , !& rt,} k=[ @@–@% . clwsf/L, xl/ . @)^$ . czfGt dwz] / ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] lgjfrg{ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !^ df3, k=[ $ . clwsf/L, xl/ . @)^$ . kml/] t/fOs{ } s/f' . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @# df3, k=[ $ . clwsf/L, xl/ . @)^% . cfgGbLb]jL l;+xdfly ePsf] cGofo . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, @% jzfv,} k=[ $ . clwsf/L, xl/ . @)^% . emf k|s/0fsf] zL3| cGTo cfjZos . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, !% ;fpg, k=[ $ . clwsf/L, xl/ljgfb] . @)^# . cv08 gkfnsf] ] ckl/xfotf{ . uf/vfkq] , !* df3, k=[ ^ . clwsf/L, xl/ljgfb] . @)^# . dn' s' st } kltqmflGtsf| ] bnbndf ghflsof;] \ . uf/vfkq] , @& df3, k=[ ^ . 160 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

…cgk9Ú, cko| t' . @)%@ . ;tf/ hfltx¿ qmdzM lj:yflkt xb'F 5g} \ . ljZjldq kflIfs, !^ h7,] k=[ %! . cgdfn,] cdtf[ . @)^$ . ;asf} ] ckgTj h¿/L . sflGtk/' , ^ kmfug,' k=[ & . cdfTo, k0f" xl/{ . @)%# . ldlynf lrqsnf M h;n ] t/fOnfO{ { lrgfp5F . lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ %)–%@ . cof{n, s'nrGb| . @)^$ . ;+ljwfg;ef / dw]z . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, @* df3, k=[ $ . cof{n, 8L= . @)%& . ldlynf k|b]zdf k|rlnt snf k/Dk/f sf]xa/ . ljdfrg,] h7,] k=[ !( . cofn,{ bj] Gb] | …cf;F Ú' . @)%$ . ;tf/ hfltdf krlnt| ljjfx kyf| . ljdfrg,] jzfv,} k=[ @* . cofn,{ bj] Gb] | …cf;F Ú' . @)%& . hgsk/df' ljjfx k~rdL dnf] . ljdfrg,] dªl;/,\ k=[ #( . cof{n, gjLg . @)^# . ;fDk|bflostfsf] l;sf/ . ;do, @^ c;f]h, k=[ !% . cofn,{ gjLg / dfwj clwsf/L . @)^# . cGofndf] lj/f6gu/ . ;do, !) kmfug,' k=[ !^–!& . czfs] . @)^# . dwzsf] ] ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf ] kZg| . hgfbz] , @# df3, k=[ # . cfrfo,{ cfgGb/fd . @)^) . hgsk/sf' ] afl4stf} / hd' /fPsf{' ] kqsfl/tf . uf/vfkq] , !# kmfug,' k=[ % . cfrfo{, ho/fh . @)^% . g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGw laufg{] sfd . g]kfn, @^ ;fpg, k=[ @) . cfrfo,{ g/xl/ . @)%% . t/fOsf{ ] bMv–ckx/0f,' bfOhf ] / anfTsf/ . cfhsf] ;dfrf/kq, !% k;' . cfrfo{, g/xl/ . @)^# . dw]; cfGbf]ngn] l;sfPsf kf7 . sflGtk'/, !( df3, k=[ & . cfrfo,{ g/xl/ . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;efsf+ gof F rgf' tL} . lxdfn, !^ k;,' k=[ #$–#% . cfrfo,{ lgdns{ df/' . @)^! . gf/f dfq } p/fNgnfO] { u9LdfOsf{ ] emfk8 . uf/vfkq] , ^ k;,' k=[ % . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 161 cfrfo{, g]q . @)^$ . hgcf:yf u'dfpFb} ;/sf/ . d"NofÍg, sflQs, k=[ !&–!* . cfrfo,{ k/~hg' . @)^% . kxf8L ;dbfo' M ;befjsf\ ] xft a9fpm . lxdfn, !^ dªl;/,\ k=[ #)–#! . cfrfo,{ kzn] . @)^% . hg;ªVofeGbf\ lj:yflkt a9L -sf;L_] . gkfn] , !) sflQs, k=[ #@–## . cfrfo,{ eLdfhg{' . @)^# . bef' Uok{ 0f" { lg0fo{ . sflGtk/' , !@ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . cfrfo,{ eLdfhg{' . @)^# . lj/fwfefifk] 0f" { dfu . sflGtk/' , !( df3, k=[ & . cfrfo,{ dfwj . @)^$ . ;Ldfkfl/af6 ePsf ] ;lgof' lht] 36gf . gkfn] , @) c;fh,] k=[ ## . cfrfo,{ dfwj . @)^$ . lsg km:6fpbF } 5 cltjfb < ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ !( . cfrfo,{ /lj/fh . @)^$ . dw;L] gtfaf6] g } dw;L] hgtfnfO { wfvf] . 36gf / ljrf/, * kmfug,' k=[ @ . cfrfo,{ /fdk;fb| . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfng] / ;ljwfg;ef+ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !$ ;fpg, k=[ $ . cfrfo,{ l;hgf{ . @)^$ . ko6gdf{ yf¿ . sflGtk/' , & df3, k=[ & . cfrfo{, l;h{gf . @)^$ . …bx]hÚ lj¿4 d'l:nd cleofg . sflGtk'/, @# df3, k=[ & . cfrfo,{ ;/' z] . @)^! . zLtnx/sf ] kL8f . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !% k;,' k=[ * . cfrfo,{ ;/' z] . @)^$ . gof F dfu, k/fgf' cgxf/' . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ( kmfug,' k[= * . cfn]du/, ;'/]z . @)^% . zky u|x0fn] hGdfPsf k|Zg . uf]/vfkq, !* ;fpg, k=[ & . pkrf/s, /fhGb] | . @)^# . t/fO { M slt~hn] /fVg ] ;d:of . ljdz,{ !@ df3, k=[ !÷^ . pkrf/s, /fhGb] | . @)^# . t/fO { xTofsf08sf bO' { vngfos . ljdz,{ @^ df3, k=[ !÷^ . pkrf/s, /fhGb] | . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] ;d:of / ;dfwfg . ljdz,{ @% ;fpg, k=[ !÷& . pkrf/s, /fh]Gb| . @)^% . dw];L hgtfdfly csf{] if8\oGq Û ljdz{, @& c;f/, k=[ !÷& . 162 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy pkfWofo, ksfz| . @)^# . t/fOdf{ aNg nfusf] ] ljåifsf] ] cfuf ] . uf/vfkq] , @( dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . pkfWofo, ksfzk| ;fb| . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;ef+ / t/fO { cfGbfngsf] ] sfnf] 5fof . /fhwfgL, !% h7,] k=[ ^ . pkfWofo, ef/tL . @)%$ . yf¿ ;:s+ lt[ / 5f/L] lbP/ 5f/L] g } lng ] rng . ljdfrg,] kmfug,' k=[ #@ . pkfWofo, ljgfb] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] ;‹ifzLn{{ Oltxf; / dw;Lx¿] . hglbzf, !$ dªl;/,\ k=[ $ . pktL,]| lqnfrg] . @)^# . gkfnL] gful/stfsf ] ljifo . sflGtk/' , #) ;fpg, k=[ & . pktL,]| /jLGb | . @)^) . sfnfHj/sf ] df/ . gkfn] , ! h7,] k=[ $! . pk|]tL, /jLGb| . @)^# . ckdfgsf] Hjfnfdf b]j;'Gb/Lb]jL . sflGtk'/, #@ c;f/, k=[ & . pktL,]| /jLGb | . @)^% . /fi6klt–ufp« sfF ] ofqf . gkfn] , ! ebf,} k=[ #& . pktL,]| lji0f/fh' . @)^# . t/fO { dlQm' dfrf] ;{ uF jftf { . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @# k;,' k=[ $ . p/fj, uDeL/nfn . @)^% . kl/jtglt/{ yf¿ ;dbfo' . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ $)–$! . P8D;, af/a/f . @)^# . clg lsg g;Nsf;] \ t cfuf ] Û hgcf:yf, !& df3, k=[ # . cfemf,] xdGt/fh] . @)^@ . t/fOsf{ ] jg M v/uO/x] sf] ] /fli6o« ;f| t] . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ $)–$! . cfnL,] k0o' . @)^@ . ;:tf' / aemfOdf' ;d:of . sflGtk/' , @& ebf,} k=[ & . s0f{, dgf]hs'df/ . @)^$ . dw];L cfGbf]ngsf nflu rflxg] Pstf . dwzjf0fL] , !% c;fh,] k=[ # . s0f{, nId0fnfn . @)^# . ;b\efjgfsf] k|:tfj . sflGtk'/, #) c;f/, k=[ & . s0f,{ jL/Gb] | . @)%( . cefj / kL8fdf /ldPsf dlyn} ;flxTosf/ rGbz| v/] . :k;6fOd] , ^ c;f/, k=[ & . sfkl8, /fde/f]; …e|d/Ú . @)^# . t/fO{df dw];L cfGbf]ngsf] ;To . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @) c;f/, k=[ * . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 163 sfkl8, /fde/f]; …e|d/Ú . @)^% . kqsf/ ;'/Iffsf] k|Zg / t/fO{ . uf/vfkq] , @( ;fpg, k=[ ^ . sfkl8, /fde/f;] …ed/Ú| . @)^% . ljIfAw' sf;L] M pTkLl8t gful/s / /ldtf . uf/vfkq] , !& ebf,} k=[ & . sfˆn,] slkn . @)^% . …dwz] Ps kb| zÚnfO] { k/0ff]| . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, #) c;f/, k=[ $ . sfˆn], slkn . @)^% . lxGbLdf zky 7"nf kf6L{sf sdhf]/L . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, !# ;fpg, k=[ $ . sfˆn,] slkn . @)^% . t/fOd{ n" ef/tk/:t blvPg] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @# ebf,} k=[ $ . sfˆn,] leiff . @)^# . t/fOdf{ e8lsPsf\ ] lx;f+ cxdtf\ / cb/blz" tfsf{ ] pkh . bzg,{ !% df3, k=[ @ . sfˆn,] zÍ/gfy . @)^# . s;nfO { ;3fO/x5] dw;L] gt] Tj[ < 36gf / ljrf/, @$ df3, k=[ $ . sfsL,{ cgf/l;x+ . @)%* . uhGb] | gf/fo0f / ;fDkbflos| /fhgLlt . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !$–!% . sfsL,{ 5q / pdfsfGt vgfn . @)^% . pT;fxsf ] nx/ -lgjfrg_{ . ;do, % jzfv,} k=[ #$ . sfsL,{ ;~ho . @)^% . ck/fw lgoGq0fdf kx/Lsf| ] ;lqmotf . b l/klAns, sflQs, k=[ #&–#* . sfsL,{ ;zLnf' . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] kefj| lj/f6gu/df . sflGtk/' , * kmfug,' k=[ & . ls/ftL, /fhGb] | . @)^$ . ;:tf,' t/fO { / /fli6otf« . uf/vfkq] , !# rt,} k=[ ^ . ls;fg, ofdaxfb'/ . @)^$ . c;dfj]zL dw];L ;Demf}tf . ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ @)–@! . szjfx,' pdzs] df/' . @)^% . dw;L] dlxnf dlQmsf' ] cfwf/ . hglbzf, !( c;f/, k=[ % . szjfxf,' ah/fh[ . @)^! . dNo" ljjfb M pv ' ef/tlt/ . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ ^@ . s=;L=,] chgg/l;{' x+ . @)^$ . tLg …;Ú vfHb] } dw;] . ;do, !@ k;,' k=[ @^–@& . s=;L=,] chgg/l;{' x+ . @)^$ . /fi6sf« ] ;d:of t/fO { . ;do, # df3, k=[ @$–@% . 164 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy s]=;L=, lrqaxfb'/ . @)^$ . dw];sf k[ystfjfbLx¿ sf] x'g\ < ;fF3', @ k;,' k=[ @ . s]=;L=, lrqaxfb'/ . @)^$ . /fli6«o cv08tf / dw];sf] cfGbf]ngsf] cGt/;DaGw . xfsF , $ k;,' k=[ @ . s=;L=,] albg/l;| x+ . @)^# . dw;df] nfusf] ] 89nf] ] / Pstfsf ] vfrfF ] . kghf' u/0f{ , !^ df3, k=[ # . s=;L=,] albg/l;| x+ . @)^# . t/fO–ljb{ f| x] M ;d:ofsf ] r/f' ] / ;dfwfgsf] h/f ] . kghf' u/0f{ , @# df3, k=[ $ . s=;L=,] albg/l;| x+ . @)^$ . ;/sf/—dw;L] kmf/d] ;Demftf} M /fli6o« ;xdlt ls dfcfjfbLsf] ] ;vL] emfg {] cEof; < kghf' u/0f{ , !* ebf,} k=[ # . s=;L=,] z/b . @)^) . asf' { leqsf ] ljbf| x] . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ &^–&& . s=;L=,] z/b . @)^# . clwsf/sf ] vfhL] . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ #)–#$ . s=;L=,] z/b . @)^# . ;lsof ] d2f' . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ !*–@) . s=;L=,] ;/' Gb] | . @)%* . gkfnsf] bO' { uf/j} M nlDagL' / /fdufd| . gkfn] , ! dªl;/,\ k=[ $$–$% . s]=;L=, ;'/]Gb| . @)^@ . ;':tfdf ;/sf/sf] a]jf:tf ;d:ofsf] sf/0f . /fhwfgL, & c;fh,] k=[ $ . s=;L=,] ;/' Gb] | . @)^# . dwz] / gful/stf ;d:of . uf/vfkq] , ( ;fpg, k=[ $ . s=;L=,] ;/' Gb] | . @)^# . gful/stf ljwosdflysf] ] va/bf/L . uf/vfkq] , !@ c;fh,] k=[ $ . s=;L=,] ;/' Gb] | . @)^# . /fHosf ] kgM' ;/rgf+ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ( df3, k=[ * . s=;L=,] ;/' Gb] | . @)^$ . dw;df] d7e' 8sf] ] /fhgLlt M sf/0f, kl/0ffd Pj+ ;dfwfgsf ] af6f ] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @% df3, k=[ * . s=;L=,] x:taxfb/' . @)^$ . ;:tf' cltqmd0f / o;leqsf ] p2Zo] . /fhwfgL, ! df3, k=[ & . sf]O/fnf, uf]ljGbk|;fb . @)%( . ldlynf kl/qmdfsf] dlxdf . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, #) kmfug,' k=[ % . sfO/fnf,] /fhGb] k| ;fb| . @)^# . s ] ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] ofqf ;/n 5 < ktLs| , ( df3, k=[ @ . v8\sf, sx/l;+x . @)^$ . t/fO{ ;d:ofsf] Kofs]h ;Daf]wg . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, @@ ;fpg, k=[ $ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^! . km6' ] vt] kxlnPF] wfg . ;do, @$ ebf,} k=[ $@–$$ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 165 v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^! . a9of\ ] t:s/L . ;do, !( sflQs, k=[ $^ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^! . klZrddf dw;L] dfcfjfbLnfO] { Iflt . ;do, @( k;,' k=[ !^ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^! . kL8f /fKtL kfl/sf ] . ;do, $ rt,} k=[ @@–@# . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^! . s;/L k9\g ] dflyNnf ] sIffdf < ;do, @% rt,} k=[ @@–@# . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . dw;L] ;dx" ckxlnt] . ;do, @^ h7,] k=[ !# . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . ad k8lsof\ ] < dtnj 5g} . ;do, !# ;fpg, k=[ @)–@! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . cfxt dWoklZrd . ;do, @ ebf,} k=[ #%–#^ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . ;fdfGo dflgG5 dTo[ ' . ;do, #) ebf,} k=[ @)–@! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . dfu/] } 3/af/ . ;do, @! k;,' k=[ @*–@( . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^@ . asf' { xfOg,] cs {} klx/g . ;do, @% kmfug,' k=[ $)–$! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . axkIfLo' ldndtf] ] . ;do, * c;f/, k=[ $! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . Gofosf ] ktLIffdf| . ;do, @( c;f/, k=[ !^–!& . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . laulauL 8fsfx¿sfF ] . ;do, $ ;fpg, k=[ !* . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . 5g} dfGotf . ;do, @% ;fpg, k=[ !$ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . s/f' a9L sfd sd . ;do, @( ebf,} k=[ @)–@@ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . tnfssf ] afem] . ;do, @ sflQs, k=[ $@–$# . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . 56kl6Psf zlQmx¿ . ;do, @) k;,' k=[ #)–#@ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . pbf;Lg ;/sf/ . ;do, @& k;,' k=[ #( . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . cem } 5g \ bf;Lx¿ . ;do, !! df3, k=[ $)–$! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . /S;L 5g} ufpdfF . ;do, !* df3, k=[ $)–$! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . cfzf t knfof ] t/=== . ;do, # kmfug,' k=[ $! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . 5g} 5fglag ;oGq+ . ;do, * rt,} k=[ !^–!& . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^# . lsg eO/xG5 bËf . ;do, * rt,} k=[ @# . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^$ . 8Ag' ] eof ] eld" . ;do, @! c;f/, k=[ !*–!( . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^$ . hndUg t/fO { . ;do, @$ ;fpg, k=[ !*–!( . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^$ . ckTofl/nf ] ;To . ;do, @& ebf,} k=[ #$ . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^$ . hfbF g} wfg, hfG5 sf7 . ;do, @! rt,} k=[ $)–$! . v8sf,\ ?b | . @)^% . Oltxf; /Rof ] -lgjfrg_{ . ;do, % jzfv,} k=[ #)–#! . v8sf,\ ?b | / Zofd e§ . @)^$ . Ps } 7fpdfF yf¿ . ;do, !@ k;,' k=[ @)–@! . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^@ . bn aGg ] tof/Ldf dw;L] kmf/d] . gkfn] , @# ;fpg, k=[ #$ . 166 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^@ . Ps } /ft klRr;sf ] anfTsf/ . gkfn] , !( ebf,} k=[ @! . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^@ . hgu0fgf kltj| bgdf] ljjfb . gkfn] , # k;,' k=[ #* . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^@ . qf;n ] knfogsf ] nx/ . gkfn] , !$ kmfug,' k=[ $@–$# . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^# . dw;df] df/fdf/ . gkfn] , @* ;fpg, k=[ !^–!& . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^# . dw;sf] ] /fhgLlt . sflGtk/' , !! rt,} k=[ & . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^$ . km6sf' ] ;3f/dfF kmf/d] . gkfn] , ( jzfv,} k=[ & . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^$ . k6gf a7ssf} ] cGt/syf . gkfn] , @$ c;f/, k=[ @@–@% . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^$ . ck/fwLnfO { pGdlQm' . gkfn] , !^ dªl;/,\ k=[ !^–!& . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cfGbfngsf] ;t { . sflGtk/' , @ kmfug,' k=[ & . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^$ . rgfjlt/' Wofg . gkfn] , @^ kmfug,' k=[ @^–@& . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^% . lj:yfkgsf ] csf ]{ kf6f ] -sf;L] 8afg_' . gkfn] , @( ebf,} k=[ !*–!( . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^% . sl6xf/ a7sdf} s ] eof ] < -;z:q ;dx_" . gkfn] , !) sflQs, k=[ @!–@# . v8uf,\ lhtGb] | . @)^% . jftfsf{ ] Jofkf/ . gkfn] , * dªl;/,\ k=[ !$–!% . v8uf,\ lhtGb] ,| cdg sfO/fnf] / zÍ/ v/n] . @)^$ . qf;–qf;} . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ !$–!& . v8uf,\ lhtGb] ,| eLd l3ld/ ] / ljgfb] e08f/L . @)^$ . kx/L| kmGbfdf df:6] jfG68] . gkfn] , % kmfug,' k=[ @@–@# . v8uf,\ ;L=Pg= . @)^# . dw;LnfO] { /fHo;Qfdf ;dfg :yfg . kghf' u/0f{ , !% kmfug,' k=[ % . vltj8f, l8NnL/fd . @)^! . bfOhf ] cftÍ . sflGtk/' , !^ rt,} k=[ & . vgfn, choeb | . @)^# . dfcfjfb,] dw;L] cfGbfng] / /fli6otfsf« df8] n] . sflGtk/' , @@ kmfug,' k=[ & . vgfn, choeb | . @)^$ . ;d:of dw;sf] ] xg,} nfstflGqs] rl/qsf ] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @@ df3, k=[ * . vgfn, choeb| . @)^% . lxGbL, g]kfnL / dw];L . cGgk"0f{ kf]i6, !$ ;fpg, k=[ * . vgfn, 6Í . @)^# . dw;] dfUgx¿sf] nflu . bzg{ , !) df3, k=[ $ . vgfn, g/Gb] /fh| . @)%* . o;/L elTsbF 5} r/' ] . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ @$–@& . vgfn, dlQm' . @)^% . s ] xf ] of ] dw;jfb] < hgfbz] , @$ c;f/, k=[ ^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 167 vgfn, ddf/fd' . @)^$ . dw;L] dxfef/tdf gf/f / gt] Tj[ . gkfn] , # rt,} k=[ #$–#% . vgfn, zÍ/ . @)^# . /emgf] ufpsfF yf¿ . gkfn] , !) dªl;/,\ k=[ $^ . vgfn, zÍ/ . @)^# . …dfnÚ d } d:t xl8of . gkfn] , !& dªl;/,\ k=[ %) . vgfn, zÍ/ . @)^# . gof F ufpdfF gof F cfzf . gkfn] , #) k;,' k=[ $* . vgfn, zÍ/ . @)^# . ablnbfF ] a9fnk/' . gkfn] , @! df3, k=[ $* . vgfn, zÍ/ . @)^$ . jftfaf6{ } ;dfwfg . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, ebf–c;f} h,] k=[ @@–@% . v/n,] zÍ/ . @)^% . sf;Lsf] ] pTkft . gkfn] , !% ebf,} k=[ #$–#% . vfsL, rGb | . @)^#–^$ . lx;fsf+ ] tf08j . dNofÍg" , rt–j} zfv,} k=[ !*–@# . vfg, l;/fh . @)^% . gkfnL] db/;fx¿ aGb xg' ] cj:yfdf . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, h7–c;f/,] k=[ !(–@) . vfg, ;Ldf . @)^$ . rf/ kvfn{ leqsf dlxnf . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, k;,' k=[ @!–@^ . vfg, ;Ldf . @)^$ . Pstfsf ] vfhL] . sflGtk/' , ! df3, k=[ & . vfg, ;Ldf . @)^% . ;ljwfg+ / dl:nd' dlxnf . uf/vfkq] , !! sflQs, k=[ & . ufpnF ,] lzj . @)%$ . gkfnu~h] M wflds{ slrËnsf ] lj:kmf6s] ynf ] . lxdfn, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ *–!^ . ufpnF ,] lzj . @)^) . kynof} sgS;g] . lxdfn, !^ sflQs, k=[ !^–!* . ufpFn], lzj . @)^@ . ;Dkltsf] vf]hLdf M jL/u~hdf zfxL cfof]u . lxdfn, !^ c;f/, k=[ @@–@% . ufpnF ,] lzj . @)^# . …dwzÚ] sf gfpdfF ;fDkbflos| lx;f+ . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ !@–!$ . ufpnF ,] lzj . @)^# . ufp–ufpF dfF gful/stf . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ @*–## . lu/L, lu/Lz . @)%( . ;befjgf,\ lxGbL efiff / Dofb uh' sf]| ] /fi6jfbL« ;fr+] . sflGtk/' , % h7,] k=[ & . lu/L, rGbnfn| . @)^% . rlrt{ u0ftGqjfbL gtf] /fd/fhfk;fb| l;x+ . dNofÍg" , c;f/, k=[ ^–&÷%^ . lu/L, kbLk| . @)^$ . dw;] / dfcfjfbsf] ] åGå . sflGtk/' , @$ jzfv,} k=[ & . lu/L, kbLk| . @)^$ . gkfnL] sfuF ;]| / czfGt dw;] . sflGtk/' , !$ df3, k=[ & . 168 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy lu/L, kbLk| . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] / cfufdL rgfj' . sflGtk/' , @% df3, k=[ & . lu/L, kbLk| . @)^$ . /fli6otf« / cl:dtf . sflGtk/' , % kmfug,' k=[ & . lu/L, kbLk| . @)^$ . sfuF ;,]| dw;] / aLkL . sflGtk/' , @) kmfug,' k=[ & . lu/L, d~hnf' . @)^$ . dw;L] dlxnfsf ] oyfy { / cfhsf ] ;afn . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !@ ebf,} k=[ * . lu/L, /ljg . @)^% . hflvd] 36g] -sfnHj/_ . lxdfn, ! c;f/, k=[ $$–$% . lu/L, /ljg / >j0f bj] . @)^$ . ;z:q cfGbfngdf] ef/tLo ck/fwL . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !( . lu/L, ;l/tf . @)^# . czfGt dw;,] gof F gkfn] . sflGtk/' , !^ df3, k=[ & . lu/L, ;l/tf . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfng] / kwfgdGqLsf| ] ;Dafwg] . sflGtk/' , !) kmfug,' k=[ & . lu/L, ;l/tf . @)^% . dw;] :jfoQtfsf ] ;Gbe { . sflGtk/' , @( c;f/, k=[ & . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^! . dw;Lsf] ] sf0faf6] /fHosf ] kg;' /rgfsf+{ ] ;jfn . dNofÍg" , ;fpg, k=[ @$–@% . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^! . ;dfg ;xeflutfsf ] vfhL] . gkfn] , ^ ebf,} k=[ @& . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^# . yftLF /xsf] dw;L] ;d:of . sflGtk/' , !( df3, k=[ & . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^# . dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] cfwf/ . sflGtk/' , @* df3, k=[ & . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngsf] cfux| . sflGtk/' , !) ebf,} k=[ & . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^$ . gof F ;xdlt / dwzsf] d2f' . lxdfn, !^ k;,' k=[ $@ . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^% . …;du | dw;] M Ps yf¿ kb| zÚ] . sflGtk/' , @# c;f/, k=[ & . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^% . of ] k:tfj| Nofpg ] ;asf} ] lgwf/df dn' s' ljefhgsf] bfif] nfUg] 5] -Joj:yflksf ;;bsf+ ¿kdf a;sf] ] ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] a7sdf} JoQm dGtJo_ . awaf/' , ! ;fpg, k=[ % . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^% . dw;] kb| z] clgjfo { . sflGtk/' , !@ ;fpg, k=[ & . uKtf,' /fdfgGb . @)^$ . d2fsf' ] yftL . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ !*–@) . u/fufO' ,+{ ;ljb' . @)^$ . sfuF ;nfO]| { la/f;t arfpg xDd ] . ;do, @* rt,} k=[ #% . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 169 u?ª,' x:t . @)%* . clGtd 3gf jgsf ] cGToli6 . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ !)–!@ . uf}td, ho/fd . @)%( . pk]lIft rfO{ hflt . g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, @& dªl;/,\ k=[ % . uf}td, t'n;L . @)^) . wfgsf] efp;Fu} 36\bf] ls;fgsf] hLjg:t/ . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ %@–%# . uftd,} tn;L' . @)^) . ulnof' ] pv ' M tLtf ] åGå . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ %)–%! . uftd,} tn;L' . @)^! . rGbf 7nf" Jofkf/Lsf,] bfif] ls;fgdfly . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ ^)–^! . uftd,} tn;L' . @)^! . ljZjd } w/] } aln r9g\ ] zlQmkL7 . uf/vfkq] , @ k;,' k=[ $ . uftd,} kbd . @)^$ . dw;;] uF g8/fpg ] xf ] eg ] sxL] u/f F} . /fhwfgL, !$ h7,] k=[ ^ . uftd,} ef:s/ . @)^# . gkfnu~h] sf08sf dxŒjk0f" { kf6f . sflGtk/' , @! k;,' k=[ & . uftd,} ef:s/ . @)^# . hgljbf| x,] nfstGq] / dw;] . sflGtk/' , @^ df3, k=[ & . uftd,} ef:s/ . @)^$ . dw;L] gt] Tjn[ ] udfp' bF 5} cj;/ . gkfn] , @$ c;f/, k=[ @*–@( . uftd,} ef:s/ . @)^$ . ;z:q kl/rfngsf ] unt tof/L . gof F klqsf, @^ c;f/, k=[ & . uftd,} ef:s/ . @)^$ . vfhL] ;fdlxs" gt] Tjsf[ ] . gkfn] , @& df3, k=[ #@–## . uftd,} dgLif . @)^! . ljsNk klg 5g} . ;do, !& jzfv,} k=[ #(–$! . uftd,} dgLif . @)^@ . l;sf/ ul/aLsf ] . ;do, * jzfv,} k=[ #*–$) . uftd,} dgLif / cfdcf:yf] /fO { . @)^@ . ;Ldfkf/L gzf . ;do, !& rt,} k=[ $)–$@ . uftd,} /fhf/fd . @)%& . ;fDkbflos| /fhgLlt . gkfn] , ! rt,} k=[ !^–!& . uftd,} /fhf/fd . @)%& . ef/tLo 8fsfx¿sfF ] …;N6/Ú] ufa/uf9f] . gkfn] , ! rt,} k=[ @@–@$ . uftd,} /fhf/fd . @)^@ . dw;L] /fhgLltdf gof F wf/ . gkfn] , #) ;fpg, k=[ @&–@( . 170 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy uftd,} /fhf/fd / ltns kf7s . @)^! . c/fhstfsf ] cfuf ] . gkfn] , @& ebf,} k=[ @@–@& . uf}td, /fdrGb| . @)%! . hgsk'/wfdsf] dlxdf . ljZjldq kflIfs, !^ ;fpg, k=[ %&–%* . l3ld/], b]jL . @)^# . ltnnfO{ kxf8 agfpg' /fd|f] xf]Og . bz{g, !@ df3, k=[ @ . l3ld/,] k/z/fd' . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] / ;ljwfg;ef+ lgjfrgsf{ ] kZg| . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !! df3, k=[ * . l3ld/,] eLd . @)%* . dflns} ;:s+ lt[ hfufO/fv] sf] ] rfO { hflt . sflGtk/' , !& kmfug,' k=[ & . l3ld/,] eLd . @)^$ . cem} ;Gqf;d } 5 kjL" { t/fO { . gkfn] , @@ k;,' k=[ !*–@) . l3ld/,] eLd . @)^$ . tfndndf] cGofn] . gkfn] , @^ kmfug,' k=[ @*–@( . l3ld/,] eLd . @)^% . wdfwd hnlt/] . gkfn] , ! ebf,} k=[ #* . l3ld/,] eLd . @)^% . c:tJo:t pBfuwGbf] -df/ª–;] G;/L' sl/8f/_] . gkfn] , @( ebf,} k=[ $)–$! . l3ld/,] dfwj / ljgfb] e08f/L . @)^! . ;tfP ef/tLo 8fsfx¿nF ] . gkfn] , @) ebf,} k=[ #^ . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^! . O:nflds cftÍjfbLn ] l;sfPsf ] kf7 . ;do, @$ ebf,} k=[ %* . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^! . cltjfbsf ] vn] dbfg} < ;do, #! ebf,} k=[ @@–@& . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^! . rgf' tL} ;Dkbfojfb| / wflds{ s§/kGynfO { . ;do, !$ c;fh,] k=[ %* . l3ld/], o'j/fh . @)^@ . rfl/lqs ljrngsf] csf]{ gd'gf . ;do, !% jzfv,} k=[ %* . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^# . kx/L| lgsfo, ljrlnt Jojxf/ / /fhgLlts hjfkmbxLtf] . ;do, @% df3, k=[ %* . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^$ . dw;] jftf { M ;/sf/sf ] lg/Lxtf ls if8oGqk\ 0f" { pbf;Lgtf < ;do, #! ;fpg, k=[ %* . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfng] / ;/sf/sf ] c:ki6tf . ;do, @$ df3, k=[ %* . l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^$ . dgx¿ hf8] b\ } . ;do, !^ kmfug,' k=[ %^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 171 l3ld/,] oj/fh' . @)^$ . dw;] M ;f:s+ lts[ hfu/0fsf ] vfrfF ] . dNofÍg" , kmfug,' k=[ @@–@$ . l3ld/,] /d0f . @)^% . ldlynfsf ;rts] . gkfn] , # sflQs, k=[ %$ . l3ld/,] /fhz] . @)^! . alnsf ] af9L dflg;sf ] dxf;fu/ . ;do, !% k;,' k=[ !&–!( . l3ld/,] ljgo . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng] / dfcfjfbL] /fhgLlt . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, # jzfv,} k=[ $ . l3ld/,] Zofd . @)^# . dw;sf] ] dd { . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @@ df3, k=[ * . l3ld/,] ;k' ef| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] tgfj, jftf { / ;ljwfg;ef+ . /fhwfgL, !% df3, k=[ # . l3ld/], ;f]dt . @)^# . klxn] gful/stf clg ;+ljwfg;ef . ;do, !! ;fpg, k=[ @* . l3ld/,] ;fdt] . @)^$ . bfifL] gh/ . ;do, !) h7,] k=[ $$ . 3f]/;fOg], uf]s'n . @)%( . slxNo} gvf]lhPsf] l;d|f}gu9sf] Oltxf; . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, % h7,] k=[ % . 3f/;fOg] ,] ufs] n' . @)^# . cfGbfngsf] ] dfu M Gofo ls ljv08g Û bli6[ , !^ df3, k=[ % . 3f/;fOg] ,] ufs] n' . @)^$ . t/fO { eofgs le8Gtlt/ . bli6[ , * df3, k=[ ( . r6ft,} cf/tL . @)^! . phf8 dgdf 5g} Obsf ] pT;fx . ;do, # dªl;/,\ k=[ !#–!$ . rGb, lqnfsaxfb] /' . @)^# . gof F gkfn] / dw;L] cfGbfng] . gkfnLkq] , @^ df3, k=[ @ . rGblszf| /] . @)%^ . t/fOsf{ nfx/' ] kGhfasf eof} dhb/' . xfsf–xfsL #-&_ M !*–@@ . rGblszf| /] . @)%& . k;fsf{ ] ljiffn ' gbL . xfsf–xfsL $-#_ M &–!) . rGblszf| /] . @)%& . ;befjgfsf\ ] gkfnL] xg} dwzL] Pstf . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ @! . rGblszf| /] . @)%& . sxf F aGws 5 dwzLx¿sf] ] eljio < lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ !)–!! . rGblszf| /] . @)%& . k;f { M ufhfkl5F gful/stfsf ] vtL] . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ !& . rGblszf| /] . @)^! . gfsfdf dfcfjfbL] cfvfF . lxdfn, ! ;fpg, k=[ @)–@! . 172 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy rGblszf| /] . @)^! . dwzs] } …ckdfgÚ . lxdfn, ! ;fpg, k=[ #& . rGblszf| /] . @)^! . dwzL] /fhgLltdf gof F xnrn . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ $!–$@ . rGblszf| /] . @)^! . k6gf kblIf0fflt/| dwzL] gtfx¿] . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ #)–#! . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . dw;L] dnfsf] ] ldhf; . sflGtk/' -sf;] nL_] , @* c;fh,] k=[ s . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . dwzL] kj { 57 . uf/vfkq] , !! sflQs, k=[ $ . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . /fhgLlts hfddf dw;] . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ &–* . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . dwzsf] ] k:k| m6g' . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ $@–$# . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . /fHosf ] c;j+ bgzLntf] . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #* . rGblszf| /] . @)^# . clwsf/sf gfddf ck/fw . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ $)–$! . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;,] lx;f+ / sf7df8f F} . gof F klqsf, @( c;f/, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;] M a‰g' l9nf ] gu/f F} . gof F klqsf, !$ ;fpg, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . ;jfb+ ls ;‹if { < gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ #$–#% . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;L] /fhgLltsf ] /;fog . gof F klqsf, @& ;fpg, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;L] hgtfn ] vfh] sf] ] ;gf] . gof F klqsf, ( ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . ;Qf—/fhgLltsf ] aN5L xfOg] dw;] . gof F klqsf, !) sflQs, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;] M s:tf ] lvr8L kfSb5} < dNofÍg" , dªl;/,\ k=[ !*–!( . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . ;o+ Qm' dfrf] sf{ ] cEof; . gof F klqsf, ( dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . ljbzL] cfvfdfF dw;] . dNofÍg" , k;,' k=[ !^–!* . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . kxf8L dw;Lsf] rgf' tL} . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ $# . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . s ] dwzn] ] rgfj' ug { bnf] < lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ !^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;] ljbf| xkl5] dlxnf . gof F klqsf, ^ df3, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . ca s ] u5 { dw;] < gof F klqsf, !# df3, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . rftkmL} { ;d/eld" agsf] ] dw;] . gof F klqsf, @) df3, k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;Lsf] ] dw;] dfq ls bz] < gof F klqsf, @& df3, k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 173 rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . dw;] stf hfbF 5} < dNofÍg" , kmfug,' k=[ !$–!^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . cfzfsf ] TofGbf| ] . gof F klqsf, % kmfug,' k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . cUnf d2f' / xfrf] gtf] . gof F klqsf, !@ kmfug,' k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . bxftL] blgof' F . gof F klqsf, @^ kmfug,' k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . cndndf dw;] . gof F klqsf, !) rt,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^$ . rtdf;} hfjgf] kmnfon' xf ] /fdf Û gof F klqsf, @% rt,} k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;sf] ] ;DefJo /fhgLlts–OGbwg| ifx¿' . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, jzfv–h} 7,] k=[ (–!! . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . rgfjkl5sf' ] dwz] . dNofÍg" , jzfv–h} 7,] k=[ %) . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dlt" d~hs{ dw;] . gof F klqsf, !) jzfv,} k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dfcfjfbL–kmf] /d] ;xofqf . gof F klqsf, !% jzfv,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . laxf/L afl56f . gof F klqsf, @$ jzfv,} k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . eldsf" vfhL] . gof F klqsf, @( jzfv,} k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dwzL] /fhgLltsf ] ef/ttŒj . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, h7–c;f/,] k=[ !^–!* . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;] / kqsfl/tf . gof F klqsf, % h7,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;df] u0ftGqsf ] cy { . gof F klqsf, !@ h7,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . lhTg } kg ]{ Pp6f n8fO F . gof F klqsf, !( h7,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;sf] ] zlIfs} ljsf;df /fdnfnx¿ . gof F klqsf, @^ h7,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;df] eld;" uF hfl8Psf] kZg| . gof F klqsf, * c;f/, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . gt] Tj[ k/LIffsf ] 38L . gof F klqsf, !% c;f/, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . OdfGbf/ /fhgLltsf ] kZg| . gof F klqsf, @@ c;f/, k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . …/fd/fHoÚsf ] vfhLdf] dw;] . gof F klqsf, % ;fpg, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . s;sf /fi6klt« < gof F klqsf, !@ ;fpg, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . sxf F bV5' /fli6otf« < gof F klqsf, !( ;fpg, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . ;Qfsf ] …Sof6jfsÚdf ks6| …;S;] clknÚ . gof F klqsf, @^ ;fpg, k=[ & . 174 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy rGblszf| /] . @)^% . yftL /flvPsf ] dw;] . gof F klqsf, ! ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . d2O' { ;:t,' ujfx r:t' . gof F klqsf, ( ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . sl;bfF ] ;DaGwsf ;qx¿' . gof F klqsf, !% ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . sf7df8fdfF} dw;] . gof F klqsf, @@ ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . k/j" of} jof/ p8fjt x } . gof F klqsf, @( ebf,} k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . kxf8lt/ 8fl/Psf] ] dw;] . gof F klqsf, % c;fh,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . dw;df] gful/s ;/Iff' . gof F klqsf, !@ c;fh,] k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . jftfsf{ rgf' tL} . gof F klqsf, @^ c;fh,] k=[ % . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . t/fO;{ uF jftfsf{ ] jftfj/0f . gof F klqsf, # sflQs, k=[ & . rGb|lszf]/ . @)^% . t/fO{df /fhgLlt, ck/fw / lx+;f . uf]/vfkq, ^ sflQs, k=[ ^ . rGb|lszf]/ . @)^% . …Hof]ltkj{Ú bLkfjnLsf] cfnf]s . gofF klqsf, !) sflQs, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . 5fofdfF 57sf ] cGt/;Gbz] . gof F klqsf, !& sflQs, k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . klxrfgdf r/dkGy . gkfn] , @$ sflQs, k=[ !@ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . eª' u\ f| df] dw;L] klxrfg . gof F klqsf, ! dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . ;z:q ;dx;" uF jftf { . uf/vfkq] , @ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . pkGb] hL| M h/f ar s ] . gof F klqsf, * dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . ho dw;] M bf ] Sof; . gof F klqsf, !% dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . ;?h' pun;] F sL, lrgjf/ cl5 cGxf/ . gof F klqsf, @@ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rGblszf| /] . @)^% . kmf/ds] ] lk5 ] Sof x } < gof F klqsf, @( dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rfln;,] ds' zs] df/' . @)^! . hg;dIf t/fO { ekl/lw" /0fgLlt . :k;6fOd] , !) ebf,} k=[ & . rfln;,] ljho . @)^$ . dw;] ;d:of k/fgf' ] 3fp . uf/vfkq] , !% df3, k=[ ^ . rfln;], ljho . @)^$ . dw]; cfGbf]ng / ;+ljwfg;ef . uf]/vfkq, !$ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . lrqsf/, k"0f{zf]ef . @)^# . t/fO{sf] cfuf] lgefpg] s;/L < a'wjf/, @$ df3, k=[ % . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 175 lrqsf/, /ljg . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] hUuf xbaGbLaf/ ] . uf/vfkq] , ! sflQs, k=[ $ . rDhf] ª] ,\ sfzn} . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ a9bf\ ] kmf6f ] . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ #^ . rfw/L,} pdfsfGt . @)^# . /fhgLlts Ifqdf] Pltxfl;s] kl/jtg{ . uf/vfkq] , & h7,] k=[ $ . rfw/L,} pdfsfGt . @)^# . ;d:of gful/stfsf ] . uf/vfkq] , !( ;fpg, k=[ $ . rfw/L,} pdfsfGt . @)^# . gful/stf ;d:of / edsf| ] vtL] . uf/vfkq] , @@ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . rf}w/L, pdfsfGt . @)^# . dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] pknlAw . uf]/vfkq, ! kmfug,' k=[ ^ . Rffw/L,} pdfsfGt . @)^$ . rqmJoxdf" dw;] . uf/vfkq] , !* k;,' k=[ & . rfw/L,} Ps/fh . @)%* . yf¿x¿sf ] rf8 df3 ] ;qmflGt+ . sflGtk/' , ! df3, k=[ & . rfw/L,} sdn . @)%& . yf¿ ;:s+ lt[ M ;/If0f+ tyf ljsf;sf ] kZg| . hghflt cfjfh $ M @)–@# . rfw/L,} sdn . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfng;] uF hfl8Psf] sxL] kZgx¿| . ksfz,| @$ jzfv,} k=[ % . rfw/L,} si0f/fh[ . @)^@ . kmlsP{ k/fg' } oult/' . ;do, #) dªl;/,\ k=[ $@–$# . rfw/L,} si0f/fh[ . @)^% . ;Í6df y¿x6 . ;do, @^ jzfv,} k=[ #^–#& . rfw/L,} si0f/fh[ . @)^% . a/3/dflysf ] kL8f . gof F klqsf, !@ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . rfw/L,} bLks . @)^$ . kfb| lzs] clwsf/ dxŒjk0f" { . ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ !^–!& . rfw/L,} bLks . @)^% . ca ug {' kg ]{ sfdx¿ . ;do, !% jzfv,} k=[ !* . rfw/L,} bLks . @)^% . rs' sf] dw;jfbL] bn . gof F klqsf, $ c;f/, k=[ & . rf}w/L, bLks . @)^% . dw];;Fusf ;xdlt / cGof]n . gofF klqsf, !* c;f/, k=[ & . rf}w/L, bLks . @)^% . yf¿ g} x'g\ zfSoj+zL a'4 klg . uf]/vfkq, ( sflQs, k=[ & . rfw/L,} bLks . @)^% . df/ª] sf\ ;/el/of / ;Kt/Lsf aft/F . uf/vfkq] , !# dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . 176 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy rfw/L,} lw/Gb] s| df/' . @)%( . lj:yflkt xbF' 5g} d;x/x¿' . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @& dªl;/,\ k=[ % . rfw/L,} enfO' { . @)^# . y¿x6 t/fO { ls dwz] < uf/vfkq] , @# sflQs, k=[ ^ . rf}w/L, dgf]hs'df/ . @)^! . xf]nLsf] /Ëdf ldlynf~rn . sflGtk'/, !@ rt,} k=[ & . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^# . dw;L] xfOgg] \ yf¿x¿ . ;do, !^ sflQs, k=[ #* . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^$ . yf¿ clwsf/sf ] d2f' . ;do, @$ ;fpg, k=[ $! . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^$ . y¿x6df cyxLg{ cle¿lr . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !) . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^$ . dw;L] aGg ] /x/ . ;do, !) c;fh,] k=[ $) . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^% . t/fOdf{ kfrF kb| z] . sflGtk/' , @) c;f/, k=[ & . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^% . ;du | t/fO { yf¿jfg kb| z] . sflGtk/' , @^ c;f/, k=[ ^ . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^% . xfdf| nflu bj' } a/fa/ . hgcf:yf, !% ;fpg, k=[ @ . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^% . ldlynf ;Eotf M km/s–km/s bli6sf[ 0f] . uf/vfkq] , ! sflQs, k=[ ^ . rfw/L,} lzjrGb | . ;g \ @))& . c/fhs gkfn] Û lxdflngL, l;tDa/, k=[ !!–!@ . rfw/L,} >LzflGt . @)%* . yf¿ ;dbfok' lt| /fhfsf ] lgufx . :k;6fOd] , @! kmfug,' k=[ % . rfw/L,} ;Gtfif] . @)^$ . dw;] Pstfsf ;qx¿" . dwzjf0fL] , !% dªl;/,\ k=[ @ . rfw/L,} ;zLn' . @)%( . yf¿ hfltsf ] ctjf/L kj { . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @* ebf,} k=[ % . rfw/L,} ;zLn' . @)%( . yf¿sf ] b; +} . :k;6fOd] , @^ c;fh,] k=[ @ . rfw/L,} lxdfz+ ' . @)^! . uxsnfsf[ ¿kdf nfslk] o| xbF' 5} ldlynfIfqsf] ] nf]ssnf . uf/vfkq] , @$ df3, k=[ !@ . ho;jfn, czfs] . @)^$ . dw;L] /fi6eQm« Psh6' xfcf] F} . uf/vfkq] , !) df3, k=[ & . lh;L, lhtGb] | . @)^) . lrgL ldn M sxf F nfG5g \ k;f} . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ %@ . hfzL,] ufljGb/fh] . @)%% . l;df| gu9} M /fdf~rs] lsjbGtLx¿+ . Pe/i6] ld// @-@_ M &–( . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 177 hf]zL, rGb|b]j . @)^% . Ps dw];–Ps k|b]zsf] gf/f . gofF klqsf, @! c;f/, k=[ & . 1jfnL, sndl0f' . @)^$ . Gofosf ] kvfOdf{ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq -;fuft_} , @ rt,} k=[ v . 1jfnL, u'?bQ . @)^# . lsg cfGbf]lnt 5 nfxfg < gf/fo0fL, !% df3, k=[ @ . 1jfnL, rGb|sfGt . @)^$ . aGb;"rL / dw];sf] k|ltlglwTj . ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ !* . 1jfnL, bfdfb/] . @)%& . yf¿ ;dbfodf' :jf:Yo;DaGwL cj:yf unl/of' Ifqsf] ] cWoog . ;dk0f{ !@-!_ M ( . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . ;fdbfoLs/0fsf' nflu ;‹if { . ;do, !) c;f/, k=[ !^ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . eTSof ] k/fgf' ] afwF . ;do, & ;fpg, k=[ @# . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . hËn df;/] wfgvtL] . ;do, @! ;fpg, k=[ !# . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . vfof ] v8/Ln] ] . ;do, @$ ebf,} k=[ $@–$# . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . ljiffn ' kfgL lkpg ] afWotf . ;do, @& kmfug,' k=[ $@–$# . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . eofjx slknj:t ' . ;do, $ rt,} k=[ @)–@! . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^! . hLjg cem } c;xh . ;do, !* rt,} k=[ #$ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . lbglbg } qf;bL . ;do, ! jzfv,} k=[ @)–@! . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . aubxjf{ g/;xf/+ . ;do, !% jzfv,} k=[ @%–@( . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . ;o lbgleq ;o dfl/P . ;do, !@ h7,] k=[ @^–@& . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . a:tLx¿ g } ef/t ;/ ] . ;do, @# c;f/, k=[ @(–#@ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . v/fgLdfly ;Gb/' a:tL . ;do, !# ;fpg, k=[ $)–$! . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . au ] nf; ef/tlt/ . ;do, @& ;fpg, k=[ !* . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . c:ktfnx¿s } ?jfjf;L, ;LdfIfqdf] a9bf\ ] dxfdf/L . ;do, #) ebf,} k=[ !( . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^@ . Hofg hfG5, dtna 5g} . ;do, #) ebf,} k=[ @@ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^# . cem} ;lqmo . ;do, @@ c;f/, k=[ @)–@! . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^# . wfg vtdf] wfhfF . ;do, !% ebf,} k=[ #* . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^# . v } t afsLF xltof/ . ;do, @! dªl;/,\ k=[ $)–$! . 178 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

1jfnL, bLks . @)^$ . kmf]/dsf] g]tf ef/tdf kqmfp, l/xf . ;do, #! ;fpg, k=[ !@ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^$ . xfdf| ] lrGtf s;nfO} { 5g} . ;do, @& ebf,} k=[ @$–@% . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^$ . sflk/xF sf] ] slknj:t ' . ;do, !& c;fh,] k=[ !^–!( . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^$ . ;lsb } ;:tf' . ;do, @) dªl;/,\ k=[ #@–## . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^$ . ef/tLo bfbflu/Lsf ] syf . ;do, @& dªl;/,\ k=[ #)–#! . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^% . dflsgsf] ] d/sf] ] dg . ;do, !@ ebf,} k=[ $$–$% . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^% . ;fjhlgs{ ePg kltj| bg] -slknj:t ' lx;fsf+ ] Ps jif_{ . ;do, !^ c;fh,] k=[ $@ . 1jfnL, bLks . @)^% . ;/Iffdf' rgf' tL} -a4' elddf" >vnfa4+[ xTof_ . ;do, @! sflQs, k=[ !$–!% . 1jfnL, k|bLk . @)^% . :jfoQtf, dw]; / lal;{Psf d'2f . sflGtk'/, @) c;f/, k=[ & . 1jfnL, d]3/fh . @)^% . g]kfndf t/fO{ 5, dw]; 5}g . hglbzf, @$ c;f/, k=[ $ . 1jfnL, d3/fh] . @)^% . s ] ;Dk0f" { dw;] Ps kb| zsf] ] gf/f ljv08gsf/L xfOg] < hgfbz] , @$ c;f/, k=[ @ . 1jfnL, oj/fh' . @)^# . lx;fTds+ ;‹if {{ / tfgfzfxL zf;g . awaf/' , @$ df3, k=[ @ . emf, clgnsdf/' . @)^% . ;gf] ;dfofhgsf] ] kZg| . uf/vfkq] , $ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . emf, clgnsdf/' . @)^% . ;z:q ;dx;" usfF ] jftf { . uf/vfkq] , @# dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . emf, pdfsfGt . @)^! . gkfndf] 8afg' ;d:of . sflGtk/' , @% h7,] k=[ ^ . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^# . clwsf/ / cfGbfng] . sflGtk/' , @! df3, k=[ & . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfux| . sflGtk/' , ! kmfug,' k=[ & . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^$ . dwz] M d2f,' ;/Iff' / ck/fw . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ @) . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^$ . nfstGqsf] ] hudf dw;] . gof F klqsf, & df3, k=[ & . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^$ . !! abF' ] dfu ;Dafwgsf] nflu k:tfj| . sflGtk/' , !$ df3, k=[ & . emf, bLkGb] | . @)^$ . cf7abF' ] ;Demftfsf} rgf' tL} . sflGtk/' , @) kmfug,' k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 179 emf, bLkGb] | . @)^% . casf ] dw;] /fhgLlt . sflGtk/,' % jzfv,} k=[ & . emf, gjLgsdf/' . @)^% . kmf/dsf] ofbjhLx¿ . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ $@–$# . emf, k/dfgGb . @)^% . …;asf} ] efjgfnfO { d ;Ddfg u5Ú'{ -bzjf;Lsf] ] gfddf hf/L clkn_ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !% ;fpg, k=[ * . emf, kzfGt| . @)^$ . b/L" a9b\ 5} . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ !@–!$ . emf, k|zfGt . @)^% . dw]zL g]t[Tj M lx+;fsf] v08g u/ . lxdfn, !^ dªl;/,\ k=@*–@([ . emf, d~rnf . @)^$ . dw;L] Pstf . sflGtk/' , @! c;fh,] k=[ & . emf, d~rnf . @)^$ . dw]; cfGbf]ng / ;+ljwfg;ef . uf]/vfkq, !! kmfug,' k=[ ^ . emf, d~rnf . @)^$ . cGofnsf] ] e'd/Ldf dw;] . uf/vfkq] , !@ kmfug,' k=[ & . emf, d~rnf . @)^$ . dw;df] xfnL] . sflGtk/' , ( rt,} k=[ & . emf, d~rnf . @)^$ . hfut[ xbF' 5g} \ –dw;L] dlxnf . uf/vfkq] , @! rt,} k=[ & . emf, d~rnf . @)^% . u6aGbLdf' cfgGbLbjL] . sflGtk/,' !) h7,] k=[ ^ . emf, d~rnf . @)^% . j/0fnfO { awfO { . sflGtk/' , * ;fpg, k=[ ^ . emf, d~rnf . @)^% . jftfsf{ ] 9fsf] / dw;sf] ] cfzf . sflGtk/' , !* sflQs, k=[ & . emf, /tg . @)^# . dw;L] ljbf| x] M rgf' tL} / cj;/ . sflGtk/' , !& kmfug,' k=[ & . emf, /fhz] . @)^! . dwzL] ;dbfosf' ] ;d:of / ;~rf/ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !) dªl;/,\ k=[ * . emf, /fdrGb| . @)^$ . t/fO{ cfGbf]ng;Fu} p7]sf d'2fx¿ . a'wjf/, !@ dªl;/,\ k=[ @ . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^$ . t/fO,{ ;‹Lotf / u0ftGq . sflGtk/' , !* df3, k=[ & . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^$ . …Ps dwz] Ps kb| zÚ] xbF' g} . lxdfn, !^ kmfug,' k=[ !^ . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^$ . /fhtGqklt| t/fOsf{ ] bli6sf[ 0f] . sflGtk/' , $ rt,} k=[ & . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ gof F zlQm pbo . gof F klqsf, @$ rt,} k=[ & . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^% . kefs/0f| / lhGxf aGg ] ;kgf . gkfn] , % ;fpg, k=[ #$–#^ . 180 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy emf, zDe' . @)^# . dw]zsf gfpFdf cfGbf]ng M dw]zLs} lxtlj?4 . uf/vfkq] , !^ df3, k=[ ^ . emf, ;hLts' df/' . @)%$ . bfOhfsf] ] cfufdf] hNb5g} \ dlynfgL} dlxnfx¿ . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ @$ . emf, ;hLts' df/' . @)%* . hgsk/wfdsf' ] dxŒj / ljjfxk~rdL dnf] . :k;6fOd] , @$ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . emf, ;hLts' df/' . @)^) . t/fOaf;Lsf{ ;Demgfsf kfq :j= lglw . :k;6fOd] , ^ h7,] k=[ & . emf, ;'hLts'df/ . @)^) . d}lynL ;flxTodf 8f= wL/]Gb|sf] of]ubfg . :k;6fOd] , @( df3, k=[ & . emf, ;Gb/sfGt' . @)%( . ca gkfnsf] dl:hb / db;fdf{ klg …af?bL uGwÚ

9sfn, ;'/]z . @)^$ . t/fO{sf] /fhgLlts eljio . d"NofÍg, ;fpg, k=[ @@–@$ . 9Ëfgf,' ejg' . @)^# . dw;sf] ] dfx] . gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ !! . 9Ëfgf,' zfef] . @)^# . laxdf] 5f/LnfO] { ljifsf ] Kofnf Û uf/vfkq] -zlgaf/_, !) c;f/, k=[ # . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)%* . ef/tLo rkfOdf] vfnfkfl/sf] ] 7f/L] . gkfn] , ! h7,] k=[ #$–#^ . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)%* . sgf' k;sf] ] jL/u~hsf ] tfKs ] . gkfn] , !^ h7,] k=[ #) . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^) . ca 8fsfF cftÍ . gkfn] , !^ jzfv,} k=[ @% . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^) . lememfnL+ 8fsfsfF ] xfnva/ . gkfn] , !^ jzfv,} k=[ @*–@( . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^! . 6fpsf ] p7fpbF } wflds{ cltjfb . gkfn] , !) c;fh,] k=[ @^–## . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^! . e8LsfF' nflu eld" . gkfn] , !& c;fh,] k=[ #$–#^ . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^! . wg / tgsf ] 8stL} . gkfn] , @$ c;fh,] k=[ @$–@( . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^@ . gkfnsf] ] ;:tfdf' ef/tsf ] bfaL . gkfn] , !( ebf,} k=[ @@–@# . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^# . ;~rf ] ePg 3fp ;:tfsf' ] . gkfn] , ( k;,' k=[ !*–@) . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^# . s:tf ] ;‹Lo zf;g < gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ #)–#! . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^# . z?d' } ;;f+ wg] . gkfn] , @) kmfug,' k=[ #@–## . 9'Ë]n, dfwj . @)^$ . lgjf{rg If]qsf] tfgftfg . g]kfn, @# j}zfv, k=[ @*–#! . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^$ . slknj:t ' g/;xf/+ M s;/L eof ] < s;n ] u/fof ] < gkfn] , !# c;fh,] k=[ @@–@^ . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^$ . ;a } yfs] nl6of' ] . gkfn] , @) c;fh,] k=[ @&–#@ . 9Ë' n,] dfwj . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ >dzfif0f] . gkfn] , @ dªl;/,\ k=[ #*–#( . t/fO { ;d:of cWoog sfobn{ . @)^$ . s ] t/fOsf{ dfu ;Dafwg] ePsf 5gg} \ < -gskf] -Pdfn_] åf/f ul7t t/fO { ;d:of cWoog sfobnn{ ] s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] ;qf}F a}7sdf k|:t't u/]sf] k|ltj]bg_ . a'waf/, * kmfug,' k=[ @ . tfdfª, /l;nf . @)%& . dxfQ/Lsf] ] cf:yfsf ] sGb] | M hnZj/] dxfbj] . ljdfrg,] c;fh,] k=[ #( . 182 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy tfdfª, l;tf/fd . @)%$ . t/fOsf{ ] hghflt / gful/stfsf ] kZg| . hghflt d~r !-!_ M #(–$) . ltldlN;gf, PsLGb | . @)^# . cnlUugsf' ] kL8f . gkfn] , @% rt,} k=[ $% . ltlD;gf, ek" Gb] /fh| . @)%( . ;tf/ ;:s+ ltnfO[ { ul/aLsf ] rgf' tL} . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @@ sflQs, k=[ % . ltjf/L, clht . @)^$ . 5gg} \ sfofno{ kd| v' . lxdfn, !^ jzfv,} k=[ #^–$) . ltjf/L, clht . @)^$ . cfGbfngsf] ] cf8df ck/fw . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ @^–@( . ltjf/L, clht . @)^% . dw]zdf xltof/ M d]8 Og laxf/ . lxdfn, !^ jzfv,} k=[ !( . lqkf7L, bjk] sfz| . @)^% . pk/fi6klt« ls …pk/fi6Úsf« klt . 36gf / ljrf/, !% ;fpg, k=[ !* . lqkf7L, zfef] . @)^# . hnsf] ] dw;n] ] lbPsf ] ;Gbz] . 36gf / ljrf/, @$ df3, k=[ # . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^! . ;txL /fi6jfbn« ] hGdfPsf ] ljWj;+ . sflGtk/' , #! ebf,} k=[ ^ . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^@ . dw;L] ;d:of / /fHosf ] kg;' /rgf{+ . sflGtk/' , ( kmfug,' k=[ ^ . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^# . dw;L] ljbf| x] / d/f] ] /flhgfdf . sflGtk/' , @( rt,} k=[ & . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^$ . dw;L] Pstf h?/L 5 . ljdz,{ & jzfv,} k=[ @ . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^$ . rqmJoxdf" dw;] . sflGtk/' , @ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^% . zlQm wjLs/0f|' / dw;] . gof F klqsf, !$ h7,] k=[ & . yklnof, chg{' . @)^$ . dw;sf] bO' { d2f' . gkfn] , @) df3, k=[ !# . yklnof, chg{' . @)^% . t/fOn{ ] 5fPg] sf7df8fnfOF} { . sflGtk/' , !) sflQs, k=[ & . yklnof, chg{' . @)^% . dw;] M d2f' / /0fgLlt . sflGtk/' , @* sflQs, k=[ & . yklnof, ch'{g . @)^% . df/df blnt -e"ldxLg_ . g]kfn, ! dª\l;/, k=[ !$–!& . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 183 yfkf, si0f[ . @)^) . t/fOdf{ cf;lgssf{] ] dxfdf/L . :k;6fOd] , @! kmfug,' k=[ & . yfkf, uug . @)^! . ebf } !^ kl5 dn' sn' ] vfh] sf] pQ/ . sflGtk'/, ! c;fh,] k=[ ^ . Yffkf, uug . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] tgfjnfO { cj;/df abNgk5' { . sflGtk/' , !$ df3, k=[ & . Yffkf, ufljGbaxfb] /' . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] / ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] lgjfrg{ . awjf/' , @$ df3, k=[ % . yfkf, bLkf / Ozf l3ld/ ] . @)^! . k/fO { 7fG5 cfˆg } /fhwfgLn ] . ;do, ^ kmfug,' k=[ $)–$! . yfkf, ksfz| . @)^$ . dw;] ;d:ofsf hl6n kIf . uf/vfkq] , $ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . yfkf, eQmaxfb'/ . @)^# . dxfdf/L leqsf] syf–Joyf . uf]/vfkq -zlgaf/_, @% sflQs, k=[ ! . yfkf, d~h ' . @)%( . d/gLbjL,] ;~rf/ dfWod / nlËs} ;j+ bgzLntf] . sflGtk/' , @) ;fpg, k=[ & . Yffkf, dl0f . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] / dfcfjfbL] gt] Tjsf[ ] pN6f ] lbzf . ;f3F ', @@ df3, k=[ @ . yfkf, ljsf; . @)^) . dxnL;fu/ afwF M 8afg' gkfnnfO] { l;rfOF { ef/tnfO { . sflGtk/' , % rt,} k=[ & . Yffkf, ;o" { . @)^# . dw;sf] ] kL8f / nxfgsf ] 3fp . awjf/' , !) df3, k=[ !÷* . yfkf, ;o" { . @)^% . lxGbLdf zkyaf6 pTkGg efiffljjfb . uf/vfkq] , !% ;fpg, k=[ ^ . Yffkfdu/, ksfz| . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfng] k5fl8sf sxL] sf/0f . xfsF , @$ df3, k=[ $÷& . yfkfdu/, ksfz| . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] jtdfg{ cj:yf / ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] rgfj' . xfsF , ! kmfug,' k=[ # . bgjf/,' Hoflt] . @)^% . dw;jfbsf] ] ;f:s+ lts[ aN8f' h/] . gkfn] , % ;fpg, k=[ ## . bgjf/,' gygLl;' x+ . @)^) . ldlynf kb| z] / bgjf/' hflt . uf/vfkq] , !$ df3, k=[ % . 184 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy blxt, ufkfn] . @)^! . df3Lkj { / yf¿ hflt . uf/vfkq] , ! df3, k=[ $ . bfxfn, Clifsz] . @)^# . bnx¿ /ldt ] . gkfn] , @! Dff3, k=[ @^–@& . bfxfn, Clifsz] . @)^# . cem} ae' mg] lrQ . gkfn] , @* Dff3, k=[ @#–@^ . bfxfn, Clifsz] / eLd l3ld/ ] . @)^# . Iflt dfq } . gkfn] , ^ kmfug,' k=[ #$–#% . bfxfn, Clifsz] / eLd l3ld/ ] . @)^# . gsf/fTds c;/ . gkfn] , !! rt,} k=[ #$–#% . bfxfn, v6/fh] . @)^! . hgsk/–ljhnk' /f' aGb /nj] sf] ] leqL syf . dNofÍg" , ebf,} k=[ @^–@& . bfxfn, v6/fh] . @)^! . ;fdbflos' jg e–dflkmofsf" ] sAhfdf . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ @(–#) . bfxfn, ªdLGb | . @)%( . kxf8eGbf t/fO { lsg lr;f ] < gkfn] , !^ df3, k=[ #) . bfxfn, lrGtfdl0f . @)^# . sflrnf] kb| zsf] ] k:tfj| . gkfn] , * c;fh,] k=[ #*–#( . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd . @)%) . t/fOsf{ ] ljeflht klxrfg . lxdfn #-$_ M !#–!^ . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd . @)%# . dwlzof–kxfl8of] cGt/;DaGw M ;fd~h:osf] vfrfF ] . lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ @$–@& . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd . @)^! . dw;L] s;nfO { eGg ] < gkfn] , ^ ebf,} k=[ @^ . bfxfn, l8NnL/fd . @)^! . vfrfF ] hftLo ;befjsf\ ] < gkfn] , @& ebf,} k=[ #^ . bfxfn, k?iff' Qd] . @)^# . t/fO { cfGbfngsf] ] ;fªn\ ] kltlqmof| . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ $$–$% . bfxfn, k?iff' Qd] . @)^# . 30ffsf[ ] aLhf/fk0f] . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ $@–$# . bfxfn, k?iff' Qd] . @)^$ . …t/fO { sf8Úsf{ ] kof| u] . lxdfn, ! jzfv,} k=[ @^–@* . bfxfn, k'?iff]Qd . @)^% . ;d:of rsf{pg] efiff–o'4 . gofF klqsf, !$ ;fpg, k=[ & . bfxfn, abL| . @)^# . PsLst[ gkfnsf] ] cv08 cË t/fO { . uf/vfkq] , !% kmfug,' k=[ & . bfxfn, e/t . @)^$ . cgldgnfO { pl5Gb } ef/t . gkfn] , !( kmfug,' k=[ @^–@& . bfxfn, e/t . @)^$ . ljjfbf:kb ;Demftfk} lt| lj/fwfef;] . gkfn] , # rt,} k=[ #@–## . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 185 bfxfn, e/t . @)^% . dw;] d2fsf' ] e/fhgLlts" kf6f ] . gkfn] , @( c;f/, k=[ @^–@& . bfxfn, /lj . @)^@ . ;/lIft' cf>o:yn . ;do, @& ;fpg, k=[ !( . bfxfn, /lj / /fd ;/fkm{ . @)^$ . dfnfp} bF } . ;do, @) jzfv,} k=[ !^–!* . bfxfn, /lj / /fd ;/fkm{ . @)^$ . dw;] 5f8g\ ] pbL { . ;do, @& jzfv,} k=[ #! . bfxfn, /lj / /fd ;/fkm{ . @)^$ . t:s/sf ] /hfO +{ . ;do, @$ h7,] k=[ @)–@! . bfxfn, /fhGb] | . @)%^ . t/fOnfO{ { xg] {] cfvfF . lxdfn, !^ c;f/, k=[ @*–## . lbn,' ;/fh] . @)^# . zfGt dw;df] ljrng . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !$ rt,} k=[ $ . lbn,' ;/fh] . @)^$ . dw;L] hgtfsf ] cfjfh / /fHosf ] bfloTj . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !# c;f/, k=[ * . lbzfafw] l6d . @)^# . dw;Lsf] ] wSsf Û dfcfjfbLsf] ] kltwSsf| ÛÛ lbzfafw] , kmfug,' k=[ !)–!# . bLlIft, sgs . @)^$ . dwz] / /fHo, dfcfjfbL] / /fHo . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ #@–## . bLlIft, sgs . @)^$ . slknj:tsf' ] ;j+ bgzLn] ;Gbz] . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ @)–@! . bLlIft, sgs . @)^$ . …t/fO{dw]zLÚ Pstf / ;+ljwfg;ef . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ @( . bLlIft, sgs . @)^% . lxGbL gkfnL] xfOg] < lxdfn, !^ ;fpg, k=[ #*–#( . bLlIft, dbgdl0f . @)^% . sfNklgs gf/f . sflGtk/' , @# c;f/, k=[ & . bLlIft, ;Gb/dl0f' . @)^# . dn' ssf' ] Pstf / cv08tf lgljsNk{ 5 . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @% df3, k=[ $ . bnfn,' tn;f' . @)^$ . df/df d;x/' . sflGtk/' , @) kmfug,' k=[ & . bphf,] /fwfsi0f[ . @)^# . /fhgLlts c/fhstf / kfv08nfO { lgifw] ugk5{' { . gf/fo0fL, !) df3, k=[ @ . b]j, lht]Gb| . @)^! . dw]zL df]rf{df ljb|f]x / lj/f]wfefif . sflGtk'/, @) ;fpg, k=[ ^ . bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^# . ;ljwfg;efdf+ dw;sf] ] PhG8f] . sflGtk/' , & ebf,} k=[ & . 186 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^# . dw;df] cg/f:jljo] sf' rgf' tL} . sflGtk/' , @* ebf,} k=[ & . b]j, lht]Gb| . @)^# . dw];L cfGbf]ngsf cfwf/e"t d'2f . sflGtk'/, ! kmfug,' k=[ & . bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;efsf+ rgf' tL} . uf/vfkq] , !^ ;fpg, k=[ ^ . bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^$ . klxrfgsf kfrF kZg| . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ #@ . bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^$ . dw;] /fhgLltdf ck/fwL tŒjsf ] ˆohg' . sflGtk/' , @) dªl;/,\ k=[ & . bj,] lhtGb] | . @)^% . dw;jfbL] bnsf ] xËfdf . sflGtk/,' !* c;f/, k=[ & . b]j, lht]Gb| . @)^% . dw];jfbL bn ;/sf/df hfg'x'G5 < uf]/vfkq, * c;fh,] k=[ ^ . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)%( . gkfn] kjf;| / ljBfkltsf ] ;flxTo–;fwgf . sflGtk/' , ! dªl;/,\ k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^! . dlynL} ;flxToklt| ;/sf/L pkIff] . sflGtk/' , ! dªl;/,\ k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^! . dlynL} ;flxTo / dxfslj ljBfklt . uf/vfkq] , ( dªl;/,\ k=[ $ . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^! . dxfslj ljBfkltsf ] ;fwgf . sflGtk/' , ( dªl;/,\ k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^@ . ;o" { pkf;gf / cl/kg . sflGtk/' , @@ sflQs, k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^@ . dlynL} ;flxTosf dxfslj . sflGtk/' , !! dªl;/,\ k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^# . ;o" { pkf;gf / 57kj { . uf/vfkq] , !) sflQs, k=[ $ . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^# . dxfslj ljBfklt / dlynLsf} ] l:ylt . sflGtk/' , !& sflQs, k=[ & . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^# . dw;jfbL] cfGbfng,] dfcfjfbL] wDsL . sflGtk/' , !@ df3, k=[ & . b]j, /fdgf/fo0f . @)^$ . t/fO{ cfGbf]ngkl5 lgjf{rg . sflGtk'/, @* kmfug,' k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 187 bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^% . ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] rgfjkl5' t/fOdf{ gof F zlQmsf] pbo . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, jzfv–h} 7,] k=[ !^–!& . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^% . t/fOjf;L{ dwzLsf] ] /fli6otf« . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, h7–c;f/,] k=[ @! . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^% . yf¿ cuflwsf/| / dw;] . sflGtk/' , @^ c;f/, k=[ ^ . bj,] /fdgf/fo0f . @)^% . jLkL, sfuF ;]| / t/fO–dw{ ;] . sflGtk/,' ^ ;fpg, k=[ & . bj,] >j0fsdf/' . @)^$ . ck/fwnfO { /fhgLltsf ] cfj/0f . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ @*–@( . bj,] >j0fsdf/' . @)^$ . ylk' bF| 5} xltof/ . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ !)–!! . bj,] >j0fsdf/' . @)^$ . sk' yf| bfOhfsf] ] . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ $* . bj,] >j0fsdf/' . @)^% . dwzsf] ;z:q ;dxaLr" df/sf6 . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ #@–## . b]jsf]6f, s]zj/fh . @)^$ . dw]; cfGbf]ngsf] oyfy{ . uf]/vfkq, !% kmfug,' k=[ & . bjsf] 6f,] si0fHjfnf[ . @)^! . ca ldNsfpgk5} { lxGb " r:df . sflGtk/' , % c;fh,] k=[ & . bjsf] 6f,] kaf| w] . @)^# . 7nf" ] b3' 6gfsf{ ] ;fgf ] ;Ít] . ;do, !@ c;fh,] k=[ #^ . bjsf] 6f,] kaf| w] . @)^$ . jslNks} /fhgLlt / kml/] t/fO { . ;do, !( k;,' k=[ !^–!& . bjsf] 6f,] kef;| . @)^@ . ;fdbflos' ag / t/fOsf{ ] ax; . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ^ k;,' k=[ * . bjsf] 6f,] kef;| . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng] / kxf8L dfgl;stf . /fhwfgL, !) c;f/, k=[ ^ . bjsf] 6f,] kef;| . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] / åGåsf ] k6fIfk] . gkfnLkq] , !* ;fpg, k=[ @ . bjsf] 6f,] ;efif' . @)%# . sxf F 5 ;:tf' < lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ !*–!( . bjsf] 6f,] ;/' Gb] /fh| . @)^# . kjL" { t/fO { M cfnfrgfTds] bli6[ . sflGtk/' , @^ df3, k=[ & . bjsf] 6f,] ;jf;' . @)^# . yfldof ] cfGbfng] . ;do, # kmfug,' k=[ @^–@( . 188 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy wgsfn,} efnf] . @)^! . ah6df] klg t/fO { pklIft] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @* ;fpg, k=[ $ . lwdfn, ;fdaxfb] /' . @)^% . ;do kl/jtg;{ uF } lwdfn ;:s+ ltsf[ ] hugf] { . uf/vfkq] , @) dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . gfujzL,+ pkGb] eut| . @)^! . dlynL} efiffsf ] lnlk sDKo6/df' . ;do, & c;fh,] k=[ !& . gfd pNn]v gePsf] . @)^# . gful/stf ljt/0fdf laofFnf] . ;do, !^ sflQs, k=[ #@ . gf/fo0f, >Ldg . @)^% . dw;jfbdf] g;dl6Psf] dw;Lx¿] . cGgk"0f{ kfi6] , @^ dªl;/,\ k=[ * . lg/fnf,} zDe ' . @)%( . clzIff / ul/aLsf ] rk6fdf] ;tf/ hflt . ljdfrg,] @( k;,' k=[ @&–@* . lg/fnf,} zDe ' . @)^) . ;tf/ hflt / ;Gyfn gTo[ . uf/vfkq] , #! jzfv,} k=[ $ . gpkfg] ,] bLkg] . @)^# . cfem] ndf] dfgjclwsf/ M o4ck/fwdf' b08xLgtf . bzg{ , ( df3, k=[ @ . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^# . c;/Iff,' ck/fw / c/fhstf . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !)–!# . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^# . cfuf ] lgefpg ] pkfo . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ #*–#( . g]kfn, ls/0f . @)^# . ;‹Lo / ;fd]nL casf] /fHok|0ffnL . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ #@–#^ . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^# . ;Ldfblv] /fhwfgL;Dd . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ !$–!% . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^$ . sf7df8f F} adsf08sf ] leqL kf6f ] . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ #*–$! . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^$ . gof F åGåsf ] df8df] . lxdfn, !^ dªl;/,\ k=[ !)–!@ . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^$ . rkrfk' lj:yfkg . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ !@–!& . gkfn,] ls/0f . @)^$ . lj/u~h l56f ] ;T5,' l9nf ] p75\ . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ !^ . gkfn,] ls/0f / wj'| l;Dv8f . @)^! . !^ ebfsf} ] /fli6o« Iflt M kml/] klg bfifL] bl08t gxg' ] ;Ít] . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !*–@# . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^! . kL8f afxs] ;a } s/f' :ylut 5g \ . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ @( . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 189 gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^@ . ;Ldf, gbL / cf/Ifsf ] lhNnf . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ ## . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^@ . p:t } 5 hgsk/' . lxdfn, ! dªl;/,\ k=[ $* . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfng] / oyfy { . gkfn] , @! Dff3, k=[ ^ . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^# . ;Gbzdf] cGt/lglxt ;To . gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ ^ . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^$ . dw;] / nufdxLg aa/fx6{ . gof F klqsf, !* df3, k=[ ^ . g]kfn, lszf]/ . @)^$ . blIf0f kmls{g nfu]sf dw];sf PG6]gf . gofF klqsf, # kmfug,' k=[ ^ . gkfn,] lszf/] . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] ;To . gof F klqsf, @$ kmfug,' k=[ & . g]kfn, hgs . @)^@ . ef/tLo cbfntdf g]kfnL r]nLx¿ . g]kfn, $ jzfv,} k=[ $@ . gkfn,] hgs . @)^@ . asf' { p3f//] ;dfh;jf] . gkfn] , * h7,] k=[ !@ . gkfn,] hgs . @)^# . yf¿n ] dfu ] hftLo :jfoQtf . gkfn] , & ;fpg, k=[ @! . gkfn,] hgs . @)^# . kefjxLg| kof;| . gkfn] , @& sflQs, k=[ @! . gkfn,] hgs . @)^# . Pp6 } 5fgf ] Pp6 } efG;f . gkfn] , @! df3, k=[ #*–$! . gkfn,] hgs . @)^$ . lg/LIf0f ed0fsf| ] /fhgLlt . gkfn] , @ ebf,} k=[ !*–!( . gkfn,] hgs . @)^$ . lhpbF } hnfpgnfO] { kf| T;fxg] . gkfn] , ( dªl;/,\ k=[ !*–!( . gkfn,] hgs / sdn kGyL . @)^# . s;/L ;lsP albofsf{ u8fF} < gkfn] , !# kmfug,' k=[ !$–!^ . gkfn,] hgs / sdn kGyL . @)^% . ;Ldfdf cftÍ . gkfn] , !( c;fh,] k=[ !^–!& . gkfn,] hgs, sdn kGyL, lhtGb] | v8uf,\ lzj k/L' / Zofd;Gb/' zlz . @)^$ . af9Lsf ] ljklQ . gkfn] , @& ;fpg, k=[ !$–!^ . gkfn,] kbLk| . @)^# . cfGbfngsf] ] gt] Tj[ / bfloTj . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !( df3, k=[ $ . gkfn,] kbLk| . @)^$ . l;4fGtxLgtfsf ] lgolt . gof F klqsf, ! rt,} k=[ & . gkfn,] kbLk| . @)^% . pk/fi6kltsf« ] zkysf ] ;f/ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !@ ;fpg, k=[ $ . 190 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy gkfn,] kml0f/fh . @)^# . gful/stf M dw;L] dlQmsf' ] cfwf/ . uf/vfkq] , # c;fh,] k=[ $ . gkfn,] kml0f/fh . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngn] ] p7fPsf ;jfn . uf/vfkq] , #) kmfug,' k=[ ^ . gkfn,] kml0f/fh . @)^% . t/fO { ls dw;] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ! c;fh,] k=[ * . gkfn,] ddtf zdf { . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] rgfj' / dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] uGtJo . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , & kmfug,' k=[ * . gkfn,] ljgfb] . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] cfuf ] / l;Sgkg' {] kf7 . 36gf / ljrf/, !) df3, k=[ @ . gkfn,] zq3g' . @)%& . jL/u~h, jL/u~h g } /lx/xf;] \ . klts,| !@ dªl;/,\ k=[ !@ . gkfn,] ;Gtfifdl0f] . @)^% . 9Ëf–lu§L' M ckf/bzL { wGbf -r/' –efj/–t/fO] _{ . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ #$–#% . gkfnL,] sdn . @)^% . pkIffdf] dw;L] blnt . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !# sflQs, k[= * . gkfnL,] sdn . @)^% . bfxf] /f] ] bdgdf dw;L] blnt . uf/vfkq] , @* sflQs, k=[ & . gkfnL,] enaxfb/' . @)^# . kxf8L dw;L] efO efO, ;a sx] ' ldns ] gkfn] agfO . gf/fo0fL, !! df3, k=[ @ . g]kfnL, /fh]Zj/ . @)%( . hgsk'/wfdsf] ;+/If0f h?/L . uf]/vfkq, #) c;f/, k=[ $ . g]kfnL, /fh]Zj/ . @)%( . hgsk'/wfdsf] ul/df ;+/If0f cfjZos . :k;6fOd] , !) sflQs, k=[ & . gkfnL,] /fhZj/] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] ;d:of . uf/vfkq] , @$ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . gkfnL,] /fhZj/] . @)^% . dw;] / dw;Lsf] ] lxt . uf/vfkq] , @! dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . gjf/,] rGbsnf| . @)^% . /fi6efiffsf« ] kZg| . sflGtk/' , #@ ;fpg, k=[ & . Gofkfg} ,] cgGt/fh . @)^# . kmf/dsf] ] cfGbfng] / sxL] kZgx¿| . bzg{ , * df3, k=[ $ . Gofkfg} ,] cgGt/fh . @)^# . ;w' g| k5' { cfGbfngsf] ] :j?k . bzg{ , !^ df3, k=[ $ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 191 kl~hof/, thgf/fo0f] . @)%) . Oltxf;af6 7luPsf ] hflt . lxdfn #-$_ M %@–%% . kg¿,] nfs] Gb] | . @)^$ . ;:tfsf' ] lrTsf/, ;Gb' g} ;/sf/ . gj ojf' , df3, k=[ %)–%! . kGt, /3 ' . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] cfGbfng] / nf;] ] ;/sf/ . awjf/' , @$ df3, k=[ !÷* . kGt, ;l/tf . @)^) . d;x/' hfltsf ] ljjfx k4lt . :k;6fOd] , !! ;fpg, k=[ & . k/fhnL,' efg ' . @)^% . efsf] ] rf8 / af9LkLl8t . uf/vfkq] , @! c;fh,] k=[ ^ . k/fhnL,' zfefs/] . @)^# . hln/xsf] ] dw;] / ;dfwfgsf ] af6f ] . bzfGt/] , @! Dff3, k=[ @ . k/fhnL,' zfefs/] . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfngdf] …tnÚ] gykf F} . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @^ k;,' k=[ $ . k/fhnL,' zfefs/] . @)^$ . dxGy 7fs/sf' ] alxudg{ . gof F klqsf, ! df3, k=[ ^ . kl/of/, ufljGb] . @)^# . bf;] f| ] bhfsf{ gful/s . ;do, @( ebf,} k=[ !* . kl/of/, ufljGb] . @)^# . ;dfrf/dfly cTofrf/ . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #& . kl/of/, ufljGb] . @)^$ . dfcfjfbL] l;sf/ . ;do, @@ sflQs, k=[ @#–@% . kl/of/, ufljGb] . @)^$ . kqsf/ dfg {] dfcfjfbL] . ;do, @( sflQs, k=[ #$–#% . kxf8L, pHHjn . @)^% . dw;] / dlxnfsf ] lhDdjf/L] . awaf/' , ! h7,] k=[ % . kxf8L, pHHjn . @)^% . cflbjf;L yf¿nfO{ dw];L agfpg kfOFb}g . awaf/' , @% c;f/, k=[ % . kf7s, ltns . @)%( . afwF ef/tsf ] c;/ gkfndf] . gkfn] , !^ rt,} k=[ $^–$& . kf7s, ltns . @)^# . tgfjdf t/fO { . gkfn] , !$ df3, k=[ @(–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^# . c:ki6 cf7 bn . gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ @!–@@ . kf7s, ltns . @)^# . /flsof] ] tgfj . gkfn] , ^ kmfug,' k=[ #)–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^# . ;Í6df zflGt klqmof| . gkfn] , !* rt,} k=[ #)–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . k6gf a7ssf} ] cGt/syf . gkfn] , @$ c;f/, k=[ @@–@% . 192 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . IfqLo] /fhgLltsf ] af6f ] . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ @!–@$ . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . åGåsf ] gof F 9fsf] . gkfn] , @# ebf,} k=[ @*–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . dfrf] aGbLsf{ ] df;d} . gkfn] , !^ dªl;/,\ k=[ #)–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . dw;sf] gfddf gof F /fhgLlt . gkfn] , * k;,' k=[ @$–@& . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . ePg sfxL] ;femf gtf] . gkfn] , @& df3, k=[ @*–#! . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . ;o+ Qm' dfrf] { clg ;xsfo { . gkfn] , % kmfug,' k=[ #$–#% . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . jftfsf{ ] 6a] ndf' dfrf] { . gkfn] , !@ kmfug,' k=[ @@–@# . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . rgfjsf' ] af6fdf] . gkfn] , @^ kmfug,' k=[ @!–@$ . kf7s, ltns . @)^$ . ;/sf/L ;Demftfk} lt| ;gfsf] ] ;zo+ . gkfn] , # rt,} k=[ @# . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . r'gf}tLsf] bf];fFwdf -dw];L kmf]/d_ . g]kfn, % h7,] k=[ !^–!* . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . sGb] df| dw;] d2f' . gkfn] , @( c;f/, k=[ @@–@$ . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . dw;L] e;h]{ yf¿ . gkfn] , % ;fpg, k=[ #)–#@ . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . /fdjf0f -/fd/fhfk;fb| l;x_+ . gkfn] , !@ ;fpg, k=[ @@–@% . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . w/fkdf dfrf] { < -dw;L] bn_ . gkfn] , !( ;fpg, k=[ @)–@! . kf7s, ltns . @)^% . dw;] ld;g -hkL] uKtf_' . gkfn] , @^ ;fpg, k=[ !$–!^ . kf7s, ltns / lhtGb] | v8uf\ . @)^$ . ef/tLo btfjf;df" gkfnL] /fhgLlt . gkfn] , !( kmfug,' k=[ @@–@% . kf7s, ltns, lhtGb] | v8uf,\ ;lht' dxt / lzj k/L' . @)^# . c;Gti6' dwz] . gkfn] , @! Dff3, k=[ @!–@% . kf7s, ltns, bLkGb] | a8jfn,' dfwj 9Ëfgf' / dfxg] a9fP' /] . @)^@ . /fusf] ] dxfdf/L ;/sf/L nfk/afxL . gkfn] , ( c;fh,] k=[ #)–## . kf7s, ou' . @)^% . l;hflk] mlgofu| :t| dw;jfbLx¿] . gof F klqsf, @! c;f/, k[= & . kf7s, ljZjgfy . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] ;d:of . uf/vfkq] , !) ;fpg, k=[ ^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 193 kf08,] h=] . @)^! . cltjfbsf ] lj/fwdf] gkfnL] d;ndfg' . gkfn] , @& ebf,} k=[ #$ . kf08,] h=] . @)^! . /fd–/lxd Ps;fy . sflGtk/' , !) sflQs, k=[ & . kf08,] h=] . @)^@ . l;dfgfdf yk s8fO . gkfn] , !@ dªl;/,\ k=[ @@ . kf08,] h=] . @)^@ . cftlÍt gkfnu~h] . sflGtk/' , !! rt,} k=[ & . kf08,] h=] . @)^# . ;/sf/eGbf jg dflkmof anjfg . sflGtk/' , % c;f/, k=[ & . kf08,] h=] . @)^# . jg dflkmofsf ] hfn . sflGtk/' , @^ c;f/, k=[ & . kf08,] h]= . @)^$ . ;gf] lgMz:q, t:s/ ;z:q . gkfn] , !% k;,' k=[ $^–$& . kf08,] h=] . @)^$ . ef/tLo 8fsfnfOF { gkfnL] gful/stf . gkfn] , ^ df3, k=[ #* . kf08,] h=] . @)^% . ck/fwLnfO { cfddfkmL . gkfn] , ^ k;,' k=[ !$–!% . kf08], bLks . @)^# . t/fO{ cfGbf]ngn] pAhfPsf ;d:ofx¿ . xfFs, @$ df3, k=[ % . kf;jfg, /fhs'df/ . @)^% . dfemLx¿ ;Í6df . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ $@ . kf;jfg, /fdkLt| . @)^# . eld" / gful/stfsf ] kL8f . lxdfn, ! sflQs, k=[ @) . lk6/, g/]Gb|hË . @)^$ . yf¿ / y¿x6af/] s]xL s'/f . uf]/vfkq, !@ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . k8f;' gL,} /fdk;fb| . @)^# . ;~rf/sdL { dflysf ] cfqmd0f lj?4df . uf/vfkq] , @% df3, k=[ ^ . kg,' ;Gtaxfb/' . @)^! . dxnL;fu/;uF } 8Abf' ] xfdf| ] ;fjef{ d;Qf} . ;do, @! h7,] k=[ @& . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^! . dfcfjfbL] lj?4 8fsfF ;dx" . lxdfn, ! c;f/, k=[ #)–#! . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^! . vfg 5g} s;/L lbg ' rGbf . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ !^–!* . k'gdu/, h]=aL= . @)^@ . dfcf]jfbL / lelhnfGt] b'j} p:t} . lxdfn, !^ jzfv,} k=[ !^–!* . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^@ . knfog Û knfog ÛÛ lxdfn, ! c;f/, k=[ %(–^) . 194 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^$ . dwzdf] ;z:q kx/L| M unt lg0fo{ . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ !)–!! . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^$ . ablnbfF ] ;Gtng' . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ !@–!% . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^$ . zlQm pGdfb . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ !^–!( . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^$ . eo x6fpm . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ #)–## . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^% . efu ] ls eufOP -sbL} km/f/_ . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ @^–@& . kgdu/,' h=aL=] . @)^% . o4;/bf/s' } huhuL -rgfjkl5sf' ] dwz_] . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !$–!& . k/L,' lzj . @)^% . 8gsf ] cj;fg -ld:6/ hfg_] . gkfn] , @( ebf,} k=[ #( . k'is/, s[i0fxl/ . @)^$ . ;+ljwfg;efsf jfbL–k|ltjfbL . sflGtk'/, @$ df3, k=[ & . kj" { . @)^# . nxfg 36gf M dw;] cfGbfng] . !( df3, k=[ !÷% . kj" { . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] Pltxfl;stf] . @^ df3, k=[ # . kf]v/]n, pk]Gb| . @)^% . dxflwj]zgcl3sf] xnrn -kmf]/d_ . g]kfn, @( dªl;/,\ k=[ !$–!% . kfv/] n,] si0f[ . @)^# . dw;nfO] { Gofo rflxPsf ] 5, nf~5gf xfOg] . bli6[ , !^ df3, k=[ $ . kfv/] n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . /fHosf ] ajf:tfsf] ] kl/0flt < ;do, !@ k;,' k=[ !^–!& . kfv/] n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . t/fO–dw{ ;sf] ] kfyldstf| . gof F klqsf, !) df3, k=[ & . kf]v/]n, s[i0f . @)^$ . dw]; rflxg] dw];L grflxg] < gofF klqsf, @ kmfug,' k=[ & . kf]v/]n, s[i0f . @)^% . dw]; d'2fdflysf] zAbhfn . gofF klqsf, !( c;f/, k=[ & . kf]v/]n, s[i0f . @)^% . pk/fi6«kltsf cwL/ cleJolQm . uf]/vfkq, @^ sflQs, k=[ ^ . kfv/] n,] ufljGb] . @)^# . gkfnu~h] 36gf M ;Ít] / ;Gbz] . uf/vfkq] , @) k;,' k=[ ^ . kfv/] n,] gj/fh . @)%( . ;tf/ hfltsf ] bz F} / ;Gyfn gTo[ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !* c;fh,] k=[ % . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 195 kf]v/]n, an/fd . @)^# . dw]; xfd|f] xf], xfdL dw];sf xf}F . bz{g, !^ df3, k=[ @ . kfv/] n,] efh/fh] . @)^# . clxn ] cj;/ xf ] . ;do, !! ;fpg, k=[ @^ . kfv/] n,] dfwjk;fb| . @)%( . hgsk/df' hnko6g{ M ;Defjgf / rgf' tL} . uf/vfkq] , $ rt,} k=[ $ . kfv/] n,] ds' z] . @)^! . ef/t :jLsfbg{} t/ ufp F 8a' s] } 5g \ . lxdfn, ! c;f/, k=[ !*–!( . kf]v/]n, d's]z . @)^# . jfl/ ck/fw kfl/ cf>o . lxdfn, ! r}t, k=[ @)–@! . kfv/] n,] ds' z] . @)^$ . kmsgg{] \ lj:yflkt . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ !*–!( . kfv/] n,] ds' z] . @)^$ . lj:yflktsf ] cfqmfz] . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !^–!& . kf]v/]n, d's]z . @)^$ . ;LdfIf]qdf k|x/Lsf] bfbflu/L . gofF klqsf, @( kmfug,' k=[ & . kfv/] n,] ds' z] . @)^$ . dWo t/fO { M kltsf/| ;dxsf" ] eo . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ #$ . kfv/] n,] ds' z] . @)^% . slknj:t ' g/;xf/sf+ ] Ps jifM{ wGg bfxf] l/Pg] . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ @)–@@ . kfv/] n,] ds' z] / clht ltjf/L . @)^% . kx/L| s6' g\ ] rSsfhfd ug ]{ t:s/ kf:g] ] . lxdfn, ! dªl;/,\ k=[ @$–@% . kfv/] n,] ds' z,] /fdZj/] afxf] /f,] cj0fbj] / jL/Gb] | ;fx . @)^# . ebuf| n] klg clgoldttf klg . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !@–!$ . kfv/] n,] /fhsdf/' . @)^$ . t/fOsf{ ] tgfp / gt] Tj[ Ifdtf . uf/vfkq] , & kmfug,' k=[ & . kfv/] n,] /fhsdf/' . @)^$ . ljbf| xsf] ] ;Gbz] . gof F klqsf, !% kmfug,' k=[ & . kfv/] n,] /fkp| . @)^% . t/fO,{ yf¿ / y¿x6 . sflGtk/' , @! ;fpg, k=[ & . kfv/] n,] /fdrGb | . @)^# . t/fOdf{ p7sf] ] c;Gtli6' . ;do, !& kmfug,' k=[ #&–#* . kf]v/]n, n]vgfy . @)^) . zLtnx/n] lgDTofPsf] k|sf]k . uf]/vfkq, @% k;,' k=[ % . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^! . kfgLn ] 8afp' bF 5} ldqtf . ;do, @! h7,] k=[ @*–#) . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^! . ef/t sxL] nlrnf ] . ;do, !& c;f/, k=[ !( . 196 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^! . dbzL] dGyg . ;do, @$ c;f/, k=[ #)–#! . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^! . kj" df{ af9L klZrddf v8/L] . ;do, & ;fpg, k=[ @*–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^! . sd/8x¿sf] ] cflys{ 5nfª \ . ;do, @@ k;,' k=[ !*–!( . kf]v/]n, ljZjdl0f . @)^@ . l9nf] cfP d]3, ;'Sg yfn] v]t . ;do, ^ ;fpg, k=[ #@–#% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^@ . kf6L { aGof ] hgflwsf/ kmf/d] . ;do, @& ;fpg, k=[ #& . kf]v/]n, ljZjdl0f . @)^@ . cfw'lgstfsf] af6f]df . ;do, @$ r}t, k=[ $^–%) . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . nfnWjh / /ftf8f8fF . ;do, $ h7,] k=[ !^–!& . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . ;Nemfpg' ] t/, s;/L < ;do, !! ;fpg, k=[ @#–@& . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . kd| vtf' kfpbF } . ;do, !* ;fpg, k=[ #)–#! . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . ;j+ wflgs} vt/f . ;do, !@ c;fh,] k=[ #$–#% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . 36b\ } :jLsfotf{ . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #!–#@ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] tftf ] . ;do, !& kmfug,' k=[ @*–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . kmf/d] ca lzlyn . ;do, @@ rt,} k=[ @^ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^# . lzlyn cfGbfng] . ;do, @( rt,} k=[ #% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . klrnf] ] aGb } 5 d2f' . ;do, # h7,] k=[ #@–## . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . ;dfwfglt/ . ;do, !& ;fpg, k=[ #)–#! . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . ufOtnfO] { /ftf ] sfk6{] . ;do, !# ebf,} k=[ #$–#% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . ;Qf /fhgLltsf ] kefj| . ;do, !) c;fh,] k=[ @^–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . hl6n aGb } dwz] cfGbfng] . ;do, @$ c;fh,] k=[ #( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . IfqLo] bnsf ] wSsf . ;do, % k;,' k=[ #)–#% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . dw;L] d2fsf' ] /Gsf ] . ;do, !@ k;,' k=[ @$–@% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ bnx¿sf ] cfvfF . ;do, !( k;,' k=[ #@–## . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 197 kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . dfrf] aGbLkl5sf{ ] ;Defjgf . ;do, !& df3, k=[ #@–## . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . cem } dw;] dVo' rgf' tL} . ;do, ( kmfug,' k=[ #)–#@ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . dw;df] ljefhg . ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ @#–@& . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . rf/lt/ dw;Lx¿] . ;do, #) kmfug,' k=[ #$–#% . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . k;f,} an / afx ' . ;do, & rt,} k=[ @*–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^$ . st } tfndn,] st } le8Gt . ;do, @! rt,} k=[ @*–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^% . rgf' tLk} 0f" { /fhgLlt . ;do, !( jzfv,} k=[ @@ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^% . …u0ftGqsf ] uËf:gfgÚ -/fd/fhfk;fb| l;x_+ . ;do, @# h7,] k=[ @& . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f . @)^% . ;jfRr]{ cf/fx0f] -/fi6klt« kf| kmfOn_] . ;do, !^ ;fpg, k=[ @*–@( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / czfs] kxf8L . @)^# . dfcfjfbL] ;xf/+ . ;do, !% rt,} k=[ @$–@& . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / ?b | v8sf\ . @)^@ . nfrf/ gkfn] . ;do, # rt,} k=[ !*–!( . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / ?b | v8sf\ . @)^@ . 6x' /f' /fhfk/jf;Lx¿' . ;do, #! rt,} k=[ #*–$) . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / ljhok;fb| ld> . @)^# . q:t t/fO { . ;do, @& k;,' k=[ #)–## . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / Zofd;Gb/' ofbj . @)^# . a9b\ } 5 cfuf ] . ;do, !* df3, k=[ #@–#^ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / ;~ho ld> . @)^! . dfcfjfbLlj¿4] ;z:q ljbf| x] . ;do, !% k;,' k=[ @$–@^ . kfv/] n,] ljZjdl0f / ;~ho ld> . @)^! . xltof/ leœofpg rSsfhfd . ;do, & df3, k=[ #* . kf]v/]n, lji0f' . @)^% . l/S;f–rfnsb]lv ;ef;b;Dd . gofF klqsf, ^ h7,] k=[ *–( . kfv/] n,] zÍ/ . @)^# . uf/} g/;xf/+ / a9b\ } uPsf rgf' tLx¿} . awjf/,' !$ rt,} k=[ !÷* . 198 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy kfv/] n,] zÍ/ . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] / ;ljwfg;ef+ . gof F klqsf, ( c;fh,] k=[ & . kf]v/]n, zÍ/ . @)^$ . ;+ljwfg;efdf dw];L ;xeflutf . a'waf/, !% kmfug,' k=[ @ . kfv/] n,] ;~hLj . @)^$ . hftLo ljbf| x] xfOg] . gkfn,] @) ;fpg, k=[ #)–#! . kf8} n,] cgdfndl0f] / aL=cf/= k/fhnL' . @)^% . efiff ljjfbn ] lbPsf] ;Gbz] -pk/fi6klt« ;ky_ . ;do, @# ;fpg, k=[ #$ . kf8} n,] cg/fwf' . @)^) . axfn] hgsk/' c:ktfn . :k;6fOd] , @* c;f/, k=[ @ . kf8} n,] cfd/fh] . @)^% . lxGbL efiffsf ] kof| u] / /fli6otf« . 36gf / ljrf/, ! c;fh,] k=[ $ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^# . dw;df] nfusf] ] cfuf ] / lgefpg ] bfloTj . ktLs,| !# df3, k=[ @ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^# . dw;sf] ] ;d:of . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !^ df3, k=[ * . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] ;Gbz] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , # kmfug,' k[= * . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfngnfO] { glhsaf6 lgofNbf . awjf/' , !^ h7,] k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . /QmfDo t/fO { . dNofÍg" , c;f/, k=[ #)–#! . kf}8]n, s[i0f . @)^$ . /fHo ;~rfnsx¿sf] u}/lhDd]jf/Ln] clglZrt cuudg| . /fhwfgL, #! ;fpg, k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . unt df8df] dw;sf] ] /fhgLlt . uf/vfkq] , ! ebf,} k=[ & . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;] gof F cGt/lj/fwdf] . /fhwfgL, @) ebf,} k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . jL/Gb] | ;fx M ckx/0f / xTof . dNofÍg" , dªl;/,\ k=[ #% . kf}8]n, s[i0f . @)^$ . dw];df a9\bf] ;d:of / k|efj . /fhwfgL, !$ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;sf] ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf pkfo . uf/vfkq] , !% dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] M gof F wjLs/0f'| . uf/vfkq] , !@ k;,' k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 199 kf}8]n, s[i0f . @)^$ . gofF k[i7e"lddf dw]; cfGbf]ng . uf]/vfkq, !@ df3, k=[ & . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . lx;fu+ :t| dw;] / ;ljwfg;ef+ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @! df3, k=[ * . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] . /fhwfgL, @$ df3, k=[ ^ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;] ;Demftf} / ;ljwfg;ef+ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @& kmfug,' k=[ * . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^% . t/fOjf;Lsf{ ] dxfg kj { 57 / o;sf ] dxŒj . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !& sflQs, k=[ $ . kf8} n,] si0f[ . @)^% . dw;] jftfsf{ ] cndn . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @& dªl;/,\ k[= * . kf}8]n, lr/~hLjL . @)^% . dw];jfbL bnsf] c3{]nf] . gofF klqsf, @$ c;f/, k=[ & . kf}8]n, lr/~hLjL . @)^% . pk/fi6«klt ls laxf/sf d'VodGqL < gofF klqsf, !) ;fpg, k=[ & . kf8} n,] bj]] Gb] | . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng] / ;ljwfg;ef+ . /fhwfgL, !$ df3, k=[ & . kf8} n,] gf/fo0fk;fb| . @)%( . slknj:tnfO' { ;asf} ] d2t rflxPsf ] 5 . :k;6fOd] , @ rt,} k=[ & . kf8} n,] abL| . @)^) . dxfdf/Ldf t/fO { . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ %! . kf8} n,] afwgfy] . @)^) . dw;df] kmfu ' . uf/vfkq] , @$ kmfug,' k=[ $ . kf8} n,] ekxl/" . @)%* . ldlynfsf ] ljjfxk~rdL dnf] . gkfn] , ! k;,' k=[ #( . kf8} n,] dw;' wg" . @)^# . xl/t v;L' . ;do, !$ dªl;/,\ k=[ $%–$& . kf8} n,] dw;' wg" . @)^# . 5g} pkefUo] ;fduL| . ;do, # kmfug,' k=[ $@–$# . kf8} n,] dw;' wg" . @)^# . ;jq{ ;Í6 . ;do, ! rt,} k=[ #!–## . kf8} n,] dw;' wg" . @)^$ . ljzif] /0fgLltsf ] tof/L . ;do, !& h7,] k=[ ## . kf}8]n, /d]zs'df/ . @)^! . zlQmsf] k'hf / k'vf{sf] :d/0f . ;do, @^ sflQs, k=[ #* . kf8} n,] /dzs] df/' . @)^# . d;x/nfO' { dl:sn' . ;do, # kmfug,' k=[ @# . kf}8]n, ljho . @)^$ . sf7df8f}FnfO{ slknj:t' lsg b'Vb}g < g]kfn, @) c;fh,] k=[ @&–#@ . 200 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy kf8} n,] ljhosdf/' . @)^# . t/fO { cfGbfngsf] ] :yfoL ;dfwfg . 5nkmn, @* df3, k=[ $ . kf8} n,] ljhosdf/' . @)^# . t/fO { M ;d:of / ;dfwfg . awjf/' , @ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . kf}8]n, ljhos'df/ . @)^# . kxf8sf] ;L6 36fpg] c8fg . g]kfn, !# kmfug,' k=[ !^ . kf8} n,] ljhosdf/' . @)^$ . t/fOjf;Lsf{ ] lxt ljk/Lt 5– t/fOdf{ hf/L lx;f+ . awjf/' , !# c;f/, k=[ ^ . kf8} ofn,\ guGb] k| ;fb| . @)%( . hgsk/df' agsf] ] M ldlynf ofqf . :k;6fOd] , @* jzfv,} k=[ & . ksfz| P /fh . @)^! . slt xlkPsf] 5g \ dw;L] < gkfn] , !# ebf,} k=[ !) . ksfz| P /fh . @)^% . gkfndf] lxGbL / pk/fi6kltsf« ] zky ux0f| d2f' . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @% ;fpg, k=[ $ . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^! . dfcfjfbLkl5] dw;L] 6fOu/ . sflGtk/' , @ df3, k=[ ^ . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^@ . hgsk/sf' ] Pltxfl;s] hgqmflGt . sflGtk'/, @@ kmfug,' k=[ & . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^# . ufuL,{ dfwj gkfn] / ldlynfsf …afS;LÚ] . sflGtk/' , ! k;,' k=[ ^ . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^# . cfuf ] nfukl5] sjf' vGg ] ba' l4{' Û awjf/' , !& df3, k=[ @ . k|l>t, df]bgfy . @)^# . t/fO{ ;d:ofdf g]tfx¿sf] b[li6 . sflGtk'/, @) df3, k=[ ^ . k|l>t, df]bgfy . @)^$ . …Ps dw]; Ps k|b]zÚ ;Demf}tf . sflGtk'/, !( kmfug,' k=[ & . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^% . ldlynfdf /lrPsf CUjbsf] Crf . sflGtk/' , $ ;fpg, k=[ ^ . k|l>t, df]bgfy . @)^% . efiff, /fhgLlt / ;fk]Ifjfb . sflGtk'/, !* ;fpg, k=[ ^ . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^% . ;femf ;:s+ ltdf[ hf8] . sflGtk/' , & ebf,} k=[ ^ . kl>t,| dfbgfy] . @)^% . gkfn] eldsf" uf/j} dxfslj ljBfklt . uf/vfkq] , @^ sflQs, k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 201 k;fO| ,+{ bL3/fh{ . @)^% . /fi6efiffdf« lsg ljjfb < 36gf / ljrf/, $ ebf,} k=[ @ . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)%& . /fi6jfbsf« ] dv08f' df] c/fhstf . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ @@–@# . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)%* . hf/L 5 ldlynf kl/qmdf . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ !$–!% . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^) . dlynLsf} bwLlr 8f= wL/Gb] sf| ] cj;fg . sflGtk/' , & df3, k=[ & . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^@ . dw;df] nfstGqsf] ] /vflrq] . sflGtk/' , !( c;f/, k=[ & . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^@ . dw;Lsf] ] 3f6LF /6] g\ ] ;/sf/L pBfu] . sflGtk/' , !( sflQs, k=[ ^ . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^$ . kultzLntfsf| ] pbfx/0f . ;do, !% sflQs, k=[ () . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^% . efiffsf ] /fhgLlt . sflGtk/' , !# ;fpg, k=[ & . kdlif]| ,{ wL/Gb] | . @)^% . dlyn} ;dfhdf dxfslj ljBfklt . gof F klqsf, @^ sflQs, k=[ & . Kofs/' n,] ;zLn' / sgsdl0f bLlIft . @)^$ . rgfj,' rgf' tL} / t/fO–{ dw;] . sflGtk/' , # kmfug,' k=[ & . ag, Hofltnfn] . @)^% . t/fOsf{ ] lx;fTds+ ultljlw . uf/vfkq] , !^ ebf,} k=[ ^ . aonsf6L,] ;dg' . @)^# . wo} { u/f F} ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] lgjfrg;Dd{ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @$ df3, k=[ $ . a/fOnL, ;Gtfif] . @)^@ . hUuf kfP/ klg ;lw' Pgg| \ . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ @# . a/fOnL, ;Gtfif] . @)^@ . ;fdfGo lbgrofdf{ kj" 8f{ sfx¿F . gkfn] , @ df3, k=[ !# . a/fn, c?0f . @)^# . dw;sf] nflu bO' { dGq . hgcf:yf, !) df3, k=[ @ . a/fn, c?0f . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] gfd ;Gbf' lsg qflxdfd < hgcf:yf, !& df3, k=[ # . a/fn, c?0f . @)^# . kr08df| blvPsf] ] kk| mNntf' . hgcf:yf, @$ df3, k=[ # . a/fn, c?0f . @)^% . kxf8 ] /fi6jfb« / lxGbL pk/fi6klt« . hgcf:yf, !% ;fpg, k=[ # . a/fn, sfdn] . @)^$ . slknj:t ' 36gfn ] pAhfPsf kZgx¿| . hglbzf, !@ c;fh,] k=[ $ . 202 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy a/fn, ejfgL . @)^% . dw;] Ps kb| z] M PsfTds ;fr] . ;do, @ ;fpg, k=[ ## . a/fn, /fdhL . @)%& . jL/u~h pkdxfgu/ / gUg lkmNdsf ] kf:6/] . ktLs,| & k;,' k=[ @ . a/fn, nfs/fh] . @)^% . dw;df] ;‹Lotfsf ] ax; . sflGtk/' , !& sflQs, k=[ & . a/fn, ;Ltf/fd . @)^! . dfcfjfbLaf6] 6fl9P dbzL] . ;do, @! ;fpg, k=[ #% . a/fn, ;Ltf/fd . @)^! . wldnf ] kfgLdf df5f dfgx¿]{ . ;do, @$ ebf,} k=[ #$ . a/fn, ;Ltf/fd . @)^@ . cho xTofsf] cGt/syf . g]kfn, @( h]7, k=[ #)–#! . adf{, cfgGb:j¿k . @)^% . dw];sf] ablnFbf] ;lds/0f . hgfb]z, @$ jzfv,} k=[ @÷& . a:gt,] ke| gf/fo0f' . @)^# . ljv08gjfbL kj| lQsf[ lj?4df . uf/vfkq] , !# df3, k=[ ^ . a:gt,] ke| gf/fo0f' . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] . uf/vfkq] , @% df3, k=[ ^ . a:gt,] alatf . @)^# . v/fgLsf nflu 3/df cfuf ] . 36gf / ljrf/, @$ df3, k=[ @ . a:gt,] alatf . @)^$ . ;fr] h:tf] ] 5g} t/fO { . 36gf / ljrf/, ! kmfug,' k=[ @ . a:gt,] dfwjsdf/' . @)^# . gful/stf ljwossf] ;d:of . sflGtk'/, #) sflQs, k=[ & . a:gt,] dfwjsdf/' . @)^% . pk/fi6kltsf« ] ;ky . sflGtk/' , !@ ;fpg, k=[ & . a:gt,] dfwjsdf/' . @)^% . ggr' s' nufpg ] clkn . sflGtk/' , !& ;fpg, k=[ & . afurGb, /Tgaxfb/' . @)%* . rdf/ cfGbfng] M l;gf ] gkmfNg ] cleofgblv] Gofofno;Dd . sflGtk/' , !% df3, k=[ ^ . aflgof,F an/fd . @)^# . ck0f" { ;Dafwg] . sflGtk/' , !* df3, k=[ ^ . afnsi0fk[ ;fb| . @)^! . axt[ ldlynf kl/qmdf . uf/vfkq] , * rt,} k=[ $ . afnsi0fk[ ;fb| . @)^@ . ;of" kf;gfsf{] ] j1flgs} cfwf/ M 57kj { . uf/vfkq] , @! sflQs, k=[ % . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 203 af:tfnf,] ;fdgfy] . @)^! . anfTsf/ / xTofkl5 a:tL g } phf8 . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ @$ . af:tfnf,] ;fdgfy] . @)^# . 8stL} ug { gkfn] . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ !$–!% . af:tfnf,] ;fdgfy] . @)^$ . efjgfdfly s7f/f3ft' . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, ebf–c;f} h,] k=[ @^–@( . af:tfnf,] ;fdgfy] . @)^% . /fxt klg nl6of' ] -;KtsfzL] 8afg_' . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ $)–$^ . lai6, lxSdtaxfb/' . @)%( . db/;fn ] cfwlgs' lzIff lbgk5' { . sflGtk/' , !) jzfv,} k=[ & . a9fyf' sL,] zfefs/] . @)^$ . dw;df] ;gf] kl/rfng . gof F klqsf, @% df3, k=[ ^ . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^! . zx/slGb] t| ljbf| xsf] ] wDsL . lxdfn, ! ;fpg, k=[ !^–!( . af]xf]/f, /fd]Zj/ . @)^@ . t/fO{ e"–kl/lw / ;fd'bflos jg . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ $@–$% . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^@ . ;dfrf/ 5 pkrf/ 5g} . lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !)–!! . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^# . v8/L] / af9L . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ !^–!& . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^# . afsF ] M af9Lkl5 dxfdf/L ;/sf/ plQs } pbf;Lg . lxdfn, !^ sflQs, k=[ #)–#! . af]xf]/f, /fd]Zj/ . @)^# . ;'b"/klZrdsf] c;Gt'li6 . lxdfn, !^ k';, k=[ $@–$# . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^# . ;/Iff' ;oGq+ ;dGjo 5g} . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ @@–@# . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . dwz] xfOg] t/fO { . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ @$–@% . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . vt/f oyfjt \ . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ !% . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . /fhgLlts ;/If0fdf+ ck/fwL . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ !*–!( . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . hfUg yfn ] dl:nd' ;dbfo' . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ $^–$& . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . ;befj\ layfln] bF 5} . lxdfn, !^ kmfug,' k=[ !$–!% . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^$ . …yf¿ lhtfpÚ cleofg . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ $$–$% . 204 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^% . hf/] rng] -t/fOsf{ ;z:q ;dx_" . lxdfn, ! jzfv,} k=[ @)–@^ . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^% . jgdf aXdn| 6' . lxdfn, ! c;f/, k=[ $)–$# . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^% . vfksf] ] sdfn -OG;km] nfOl6;_\ . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ !$–!% . afxf] /f,] /fdZj/] . @)^% . g/aln Û lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ !@–!# . af]xf]/f, /fd]Zj/, clht ltjf/L, /lj bfxfn / dgf]h >]i7 . @)^$ . cfk/flws rnvn] . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ !&–!* . e§, Zofd . @)^@ . dg;gsf' ] bMvb' labfO . ;do, @) c;fh,] k=[ @) . e§, Zofd . @)^@ . bfaf6f] df] l6sfk/' . ;do, @* k;,' k=[ !$ . e§, Zofd . @)^@ . s:tf ] ;dfgtf . ;do, ^ df3, k=[ @@–@# . e§, Zofd . @)^# . df3Ldf klg Joyf . ;do, !! df3, k=[ $)–$! . e§, Zofd . @)^$ . htftt } aGb } aGb . ;do, @) ebf,} k=[ $)–$! . e§, Zofd . @)^$ . ;Í6df ;fdbflos' ag . ;do, @^ k;,' k=[ $)–$! . e§, Zofd / ksfz| zfx . @)^@ . g/;xf/sf+ ] kg/fj' lQ[ . ;do, ( c;f/, k=[ @^–@& . e§/fO,{ Ps/fh . @)^# . hftLo ljebsf] ] /fhgLltn ] xfdf| ] kl/ro x/fp5F . bzg{ , !! df3, k=[ @ . e§/fO,{ s;' d' . @)^% . :JffwLgtfsf ] ;‹if {{ . hglbzf, !( c;f/, k=[ % . e§/fO,{ bj] Gb] | . @)^# . nId0fk/' afwsfF ] nLnf . gkfn] , @( c;fh,] k=[ $% . e§/fO,{ gj/fh . @)%( . ckdfg, ;Ddfg / C0fn ] lslrPsL d/gLbjL] . sflGtk/' , $ ebf,} k=[ & . e§/fO,{ kfydl0f{ . @)^$ . cfTd/Iffsf nflu . ;do, @$ h7,] k=[ #* . e§/fO,{ afa/fd' . @)^$ . dw;af/] ] ;j+ bgxLgtf] . gof F klqsf, $ ;fpg, k=[ & . e§/fO,{ dl0f/fh . @)^$ . buf' gGb{ emf . gj ojf' , rt,} k=[ @(–#! . e§/fO,{ ofu] z] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] 3f;leqF ns' sf] ;kx¿{ . awaf/' , ( df3, k=[ @ . e§/fO,{ nfss] i0f[ . @)^# . ;dtfdns" cfGbfng,] /fli6otf« / t/fO { cfGbfng] . ;do, !@ k;,' k=[ #^ . e§/fO,{ lzjsdf/' . @)^# . ;fdflhs ;befjleqsf\ ] cflys{ kult| . uf/vfkq] , @) k;,' k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 205 e§/fO,{ lzjsdf/' . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] / nufgLsf ] jftfj/0f . uf/vfkq] , !* df3, k=[ & . e§/fO,{ lzjsdf/' . @)^$ . cefj, dw;] / rgfj' . uf/vfkq] , @ kmfug,' k=[ & . e§/fO{, lzjs'df/ . @)^$ . ;+ljwfg;efdf ;du| dw]; . uf]/vfkq, !^ kmfug,' k=[ & . e§/fO,{ lzjk;fb| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] cfGbfng] / c/fhstf . uf/vfkq] , !$ df3, k=[ ^ . e§/fO,{ lzjk;fb| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ cfGbfngsf] sxL] tYo . uf/vfkq] , @* df3, k=[ & . e§/fO,{ ;zLn' . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ >lds cfGbfngsf] ] ljsNk 5g} . hgfbz] , @@ df3, k=[ # . e§/fO{, xl/k|;fb . @)^# . ;d:of dw]zsf] dfq xf]Og . uf]/vfkq, % kmfug,' k=[ & . e08f/L, ls/0f . @)^# . ylkg ] eof ] ;/Iff' an . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #@–## . e08f/L, ls/0f . @)^$ . jftfdf{ cfpm, gq s8fO . ;do, @* c;f/, k=[ #*–#( . e08f/L, ls/0f . @)^% . lrQ bVof' ] dl:ndx¿sf' ] -dl:hb cfqmd0f_ . ;do, ( h7,] k=[ !^–!& . e08f/L, 8L= . @)^# . c;xh pkrf/ . ;do, @# sflQs, k=[ #* . e08f/L, nvgfy] . @)%@ . dlxnfx¿dfly 3/fo;L lx;f+ a9b\ 5} . ljZjldq, !% ;fpg, k=[ %(–^)÷^& . e08f/L, ljgfb] . @)^$ . kzf;gaf6| } c;/lIft' . sflGtk/' , !) h7,] k=[ ^ . e08f/L, z/bl;+x . @)^# . dw]; ;d:ofaf/] s]xL s'/f . uf]/vfkq, ( kmfug,' k=[ ^ . e08f/L, ;fWoaxfb/' . @)^# . vfrfF ] s8f gLltsf ] . ;do, ! ebf,} k=[ @# . e08f/L, ;fWoaxfb/' . @)^$ . t/fO { 8afpg' ] ef/tLo vn] . xfsF , @# df3, k=[ % . e08f/L, ;fWoaxfb/' . @)^% . /fi6 « ljv08gsf ] lrGtf . bli6[ , #! c;f/, k=[ $ . ef6, efh/fh] . @)^$ . dfcfjfbLleq] dw;] ljjfb . gkfn] , @$ c;f/, k=[ #)–#! . 206 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy ef6, efh/fh] . @)^$ . dfcfjfbLleq] ;Nssf] ] cfuf ] . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ $)–$! . et' n,{] hun' . @)^# . d kxf8—dw] ;L—v;—g] kfnL] . sflGtk/' , @# df3, k=[ & . et' n,{] eLdk;fb| . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cy/fhgLlt{ . sflGtk/' , !^ kmfug,' k=[ & . et' n,]{ eLdk;fb| . @)^% . dw;jfbL] bnsf ] lgot . sflGtk/,' !( c;f/, k=[ & . e;fn,' e/t . @)^% . PkmPdx¿df lxGbL uLt . sflGtk/' , @* ;fpg, k=[ ^ . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^) . t/fOaf;L{ bfOhf ] kyfaf6| kLl8t . :k;6fOd] , # jzfv,} k=[ & . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^) . dwzLnfO] { xg] {] /fhgLlts bli6sf[ 0fdf] kl/jtg{ cfjZos . :k;6fOd] , % ;fpg, k=[ & . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^) . dwzL] d2fnfO' { kG5fP/ ul/Psf ] jftf { ;fys{ xbF' g} . :k;6fOd] , @) ;fpg, k=[ ^ . d08n, d'lQmgfy . @)^) . hghflt, blnt / dw];L /fhgLltdf ;fdflhsLs/0f cfjZos . :k;6fOd] , !@ ebf,} k=[ ^ . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^! . t/fO { d2fsf' cys \ of4f] uhGb] gf/fo0f| l;x+ . /fhwfgL, !! df3, k=[ ^ . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^@ . ef/tLo afwF / t/fO { 8afg' ;d:of . uf/vfkq,] !( ;fpg, k=[ $ . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^% . t/fOdf{ jg ljgfz / d?eldsf" ] ;Defjgf . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ! c;fh,] k=[ * . d08n, dlQmgfy' . @)^% . dw;sf] ;z:q ;dx;" uF jftf { . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ^ dªl;/,\ k=[ * . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^! . 3fd8 eP 3d' jfx¿' . gkfn] , @) ebf,} k=[ #)–#! . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^@ . df/df ls;fg . gkfn] , !@ c;f/, k=[ $)–$! . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^@ . ;gfdf] dw;L] . gkfn] , ^ sflQs, k=[ @@–@# . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^# . gfdaf6 } tl;G5g{ \ jL/u~hsf Jofkf/L . sflGtk/' , @ ebf,} k=[ & . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^# . ckx/0fsf ] hfnf ] . sflGtk/' , * c;fh,] k=[ & . dxt, ;'hLt . @)^# . jL/u~hnfO{ ;tfpg] ef/tLo s}bL . sflGtk'/, % dªl;/,\ k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 207 dxt, ;'hLt . @)^$ . ef/tLo ck/fwL, gful/stf g]kfnL . g]kfn, #) jzfv,} k=[ !$–!% . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . ck/fwL ;xgLsf ]] xTofkl5=== . gkfn] , ^ h7,] k=[ @@ . dxt, ;'hLt . @)^$ . t/fO{sf] /fhwfgLdf lbNnLsf b"t . g]kfn, @) ;fpg, k=[ $$ . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . ;befjgf\ kml/] bO' { lr/f . gkfn] , !# c;fh,] k=[ @! . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] lbzf . sflGtk/' , ^ df3, k=[ & . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . jL/u~hdf emg \ a9L . gkfn] , @& df3, k=[ !*–!( . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . lj:kmf6] dfem rgfjL' cleofg . gkfn] , @& df3, k=[ @^–@& . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^$ . cdgrgsf} ] cfzf . gkfn] , @^ kmfug,' k=[ @%–@^ . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^% . gof F zlQmsf ] pbo . gkfn] , !% jzfv,} k=[ #& . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^% . dw;df] dfcfjfbL] . gkfn] , @@ jzfv,} k=[ $# . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^% . ;Gq:t hghLjg . gkfn] , ! c;f/, k=[ !^–!& . dxt, ;hLt' . @)^% . csf ]{ eifdf] ck/fwL . gkfn] , @^ ;fpg, k=[ !& . dxt, ;'hLt . @)^% . d'l:nd ;d'bfodf gofF w|'jLs/0f . sflGtk'/, % dªl;/,\ k=[ & . dxtf], dgfO{ . @)^@ . duxLnfO{ d}lynL agfpg] k|of; . /fhwfgL, @( ebf,} k=[ $ . dxtf,] /fhGb] | . @)^# . gful/stf ljwos] vftNbf] . sflGtk/' , @( ebf,} k=[ & . dxtf,] /fdgGbg k= . @)^$ . dw;L] dlQm' cfGbfng] / if8oGqsf\ ] kZg| . nfn dwz] , h7,] k=[ $)–$! . dxtf,] zLtnk;fb| . @)^! . hgsk/' / ljjfx k~rdL dxfT;j] . uf/vfkq] , #) dªl;/,\ k=[ $ . dxtf], zLtnk|;fb . @)^% . 57kj{sf] ljz]ift} km/s . uf]/vfkq, !( sflQs, k=[ & . dxhg,{ /fhGb] | . @)^% . /fi6] ddf« sb} ;ljwfg;ef+ / dw;] . uf/vfkq] , !* c;f/, k=[ & . dfgGw/, dunl;l4+ . @)^% . Ps kb| z] c;Dej . sflGtk/' , !@ ;fpg, k=[ & . dfgGw/, lji0f'axfb'/ . @)^# . dw];n] vf]h]sf] ;hutf . sflGtk'/, @@ df3, k=[ & . 208 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy dfgGw/, ;ifdf' . @)^% . efiffsf ] ;Ddfg gful/ssf ] stJo{ . uf/vfkq] , & ebf,} k=[ & . lds/fgL, Ohxf?n xs . @)^# . /fHon ] cfTd;ft \ ug { ;Sgk5' { . ljdz{, !( df3, k=[ @ . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)%* . db;fsf| ] btf { ks/0f| / ;/sf/sf ] /0fgLlt . sflGtk/' , !@ rt,} k=[ & / !# rt,} k=[ & . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)^) . gkfnsf] db/;fx¿sf ] zlIfs} cj:yf . uf/vfkq] , @& rt,} k=[ $ . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)^% . ;ljwfg;efdf+ dl:nd' kltlglwTj| . sflGtk/' , !) ebf,} k=[ & . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)^% . lk5l8Psf 5g–\ d;ndfg' . uf/vfkq] , & c;fh,] k=[ ^ . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)^% . /fli6o« dl:nd' cfofusf] ] cfjZostf . sflGtk/' , @( c;fh,] k=[ & . ldof,F /xdtNnfx' . @)^% . Ob{ o;/L dgfOG5 . uf/vfkq] , @$ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . ld>, tf/fgGb . ;g \ !(*@ . slknj:tsf' ] vfhL] . /f]nDaf @-#_ M ^–!@ . ld>, tf/fgGb . @)^% . t/fO{–dw]; / ToxfFsf lgjf;L . hglbzf, @& c;f/, k=[ % . ld>, dx]Gb|s'df/ . @)^# . bf]ifLdflysf] sf/afxL / /fHosf] bfloTj . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @# df3, k=[ * . ld>, dxGb] s| df/' . @)^# . t/fO { cfGbfngn] ] l;hgf{ u/sf] ] kZg| . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , % rt,} k=[ ^ . ld>, dxGb] s| df/' . @)^% . ;‹Lotfsf ] d2f' M efiffnfO { ljjfbdf tfGg' lg/ys{ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !@ ebf,} k=[ * . ld>, /fhz] / /fh ' >i7] . @)^% . dwz] / d;n . lxdfn, !^ jzfv,} k=[ $$–$% . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^@ . dwz] M c;Gtli6sf' ] nx/ . ;do, $ kmfug,' k=[ @& . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^# . dwzdf] kmln} bfF ] . ;do, @^ c;fh,] k=[ #^–#& . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^# . t/fOdf{ hgtflGqssf ] qf; sfod } . bz{g, $ df3, k=[ $ . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] ;d:of / ;‹Lo cjwf/0ff . bzg{ , !! df3, k=[ $ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 209 ld>, ljhok|;fb . @)^# . hgtflGqs jftf{sf nflu tof/ . ;do, !) kmfug,' k=[ @$–@% . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . /fHo 5g} dwzdf] . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ #)–#! . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . jftfsf{ ] cw/f' ] kof;| . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ @% . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . dw;L] gtfx¿] M jbfgGbb] lv] Hjfnf;Dd . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ @@–@$ . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . dw;] la6 xg] x¿sf{] ] bfloTj . ;do, !& df3, k=[ #& . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . dw;] ;Dafwgsf] tLg r/0f . gof F klqsf, !& df3, k=[ & . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^$ . t/fOsf{ ;z:q ;dx" / ;ljwfg;ef+ . gkfn] , # rt,} k=[ !$–!% . ld>, ljhok;fb| . @)^% . dw;] jftfsf{ cfGtl/s cfofd . sflGtk/' , @& c;fh,] k=[ & . ld>, ljhok;fb| / lzjxl/k;fb| e§/fO { . @)^# . l;/xf–;Kt/Lsf gx/df kfgL xg} k;f} aU5 . gkfn] , ! ebf,} k=[ %^–%& . ld>, ljhok;fb| / Zofd;Gb/' ofbj . @)^$ . ;fDkbflostflt/| . ;do, !) ;fpg, k=[ ## . ld>, ;~ho . @)^! . dw;L] 6fOu; { M plqof ] ;j;fwf/0f{ xTofdf . ;do, @( k;,' k=[ !% . ld>f, gjLg . ;g \ @))& . cl:tTj sL n8fO { . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ #–% . dlQmaGw' ' . @)^# . dwzL] cfGbfng] M JolQm / kj| lQ[ . lbzfafw,] kmfug,' k=[ $@ . do/,] st' { 8An ' . @)%@ . sf ] xg' \ / sxfaf6F cfP yf¿x¿ < lxdfn, df3–rt,} k=[ #!–## . dgfnL,} dfxg] . @)%* . r/' sf] ] ljgfz t/fOsf{ ] larNnL . lxdfn, !^ h7,] k=[ @!–@# . dgfnL,} dfxg] . @)^! . udL { 7fpsfF ] hf8f ] . sflGtk/' , !# dªl;/,\ k=[ & . dgfnL,} dfxg] / ls/0f gkfn] . @)%& . wfg w/] } kmNof ] laTof; k¥of ] . lxdfn, !^ dªl;/,\ k=[ #^–$) . dgfnL,} dfxg] / rGblszf| /] . @)%& . af/f–k;fsf{ ] pBfu–Jofkf/df] cfqmd0f M dfcfjfbLsf] ] gfpdfF kz] j/] 8fsfsfF ] bz F} . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !&–@) . 210 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy dgfnL,} ;LkL . @)^# . Gofoflrt] cfjfh / ;ªsL0f\ { kj| lQ[ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @^ df3, k=[ $ . ofq', s'df/ . @)^! . d'l:nd ;d'bfo / g]kfnL /fi6«jfb . /fhwfgL, !( ebf,} k=[ ^ . ofqL, l6sf/fd . @)^% . pk/fi6klt,« efiff / /fli6otf« . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @@ ;fpg, k=[ $ . ofbj, cho . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] Joyf / u/lhDd} jf/] ;/sf/ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !# kmfug,' k=[ !# . ofbj, cd/Gb] | . @)^% . eflifs / ;f:s+ lts[ ;dTjsf ] kZg| . gof F klqsf, @ ebf,} k=[ & . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . dwz] :jfoQ u0f/fHo xg' k5' { . dNofÍg" , h7–c;f/,] k=[ @@ . ofbj, uof . @)^# . ;d:ofsf ] ;dfwfg o4' dbfg} xfOgÙ] ldq ' glrlgP wfsf] vfOg ] ;Defjgf 5 . gf/fo0fL, !# df3, k=[ ! . ofbj, rlGbsf| . @)^% . kf6L { Joj:yfkg d } r'gftL} . b l/klAns, sflQs, k=[ @!–@@ . ofbj, 8Da/gf/fo0f . @)^! . dw;] d2fdf' 8/nfUbf ] vt/f . /fhwfgL, !# df3, k=[ ^ . ofbj, lbgz] . @)^@ . dw;L] ;dbfosf' ] uf/j} . sflGtk/' , @# dªl;/,\ k=[ & . ofbj, gjnlszf/] / ljhtf] rfw/L} . @)^@ . 8stLn} ] cfqmfGt ;LdfjtL{ ufpx¿F . gkfn] , !& k;,' k=[ #*–#( . ofbj, atx ' /fo . @)^$ . gof gkfn] s ] ;Gbe { d +] :j–zf;g s ] clwsf/ . uf/vfkq] , !$ rt,} k=[ * . ofbj, eprk|;fb . @)^% . dw]; Ps– efiff cg]s . uf]/vfkq, @* c;fh,] k=[ & . ofbj, /fhlszf/] . @)^$ . nfstflGqs] klqmofdf| dw;] . gof F klqsf, !$ kmfug,' k=[ & . ofbj, /fdafa ' . @)^% . lkm/ftLsf} ] cy/fhgLlt{ . gkfn] , !% ebf,} k=[ !$–!& . ofbj, /fdafa' . @)^% . t/fO{sf g]tfx¿nfO{ v'nfkq . sflGtk'/, @^ sflQs, k=[ & . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^@ . dw];L d'lQm–cfGbf]ngsf sfF8f . g]kfn, !@ ebf,} k=[ !# . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 211 ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . dw;df] nfusf] ] 89nf] ] . dNofÍg" , ;fpg–ebf,} k=[ ( . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . lsg hln/xsf] ] 5 t/fO { . bli6[ , !^ df3, k=[ % . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . kwfgdGqLsf| ] ;Dafwg] M sfunfO { an] kfSof ] xif{ g lj:dft . kj" {, !( df3, k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . hgcfGbfng] dfq xfOg,] dwzL] ljbf| x] xf ] . kj" {, !( df3, k=[ $ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . cGtt M dw;n] ] cfˆgf ] xs lnP/ } 5f8of\ ] . kj" {, @^ df3, k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfng] kdsf| ] ;Dafwg] / ;ljwfg+ ;ef . kj" {, $ kmfug,' k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . dw]; cfGbf]ngsf clgl0f{t ;jfn . k"j{, !* kmfug,' k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^# . dw;L] dlQm' cfGbfng] kdsf| ] ;Dafwg] / casf] sfolbzf{ . kj" {, !* kmfug,' k=[ # . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . kmf/dsf] ] ;/lIft' cjt/0f / dw;] cfGbfng] . kj" {, & jzfv,} k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . ef/tn ] lsg dnhn ub5{} ljv08gnfO { < gkfn,] @) ;fpg, k=[ !*–!( . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] cjdNog" . dNofÍg" , ebf–c;f} h,] k=[ @(–#! . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dfcfjfbLsf] ] dw;L] ;fr] / ;z:q ljbf| x] . uf/vfkq] , # ebf,} k=[ ^ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . t/fO{df ;'/Iffsf] vf]hL . g]kfn, ( ebf}, k=[ #*–#( . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dw;L] kmf/dsf] ] c;/lIft' cjt/0f . uf/vfkq] , @! ebf,} k=[ ^ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ! c;fh,] k=[ * . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dwz] c;Gtli6sf' ] e¥ofª \ . lxdfn, !^ c;fh,] k=[ !@ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . kzfGt| qmhn] ] pAhfPsf ] kZg| . gkfn] , @& c;fh,] k=[ !$–!% . 212 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . dw;] e¥ofª \ gagf;] \ . bli6[ , * df3, k=[ $ . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . ad–wdfsfaLr ;ljwfg;ef+ < dNofÍg" , kmfug,' k=[ !& . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^$ . /fhgLltdf ck/fwLs/0f . ;do, @ kmfug,' k=[ ## . ofbj, /fdl/emg . @)^% . dw];n] k]m/]sf] sf]N6f] . ;do, !( j}zfv, k=[ @$–@% . ofbj, /fdj/0f . @)^$ . gq bz] /xbF g} . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ ##–#$ . ofbj, nfnafa ' . @)^# . /fHosf ] ;‹fTdstf / dw;sf] ] jf:tljstf . lbzfafw,] kmfug,' k=[ !$–!& . ofbj, nfnafa ' . @)^$ . dwzL] emg\ rgfj' rfxG5g \ . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ !& . ofbj, nfnafa ' . @)^% . ;‹Lo zf;gdf dw;] . gof F klqsf, $ jzfv,} k=[ ^ . ofbj, jL/Gb] k| ;fb| . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfng] / ;dfwfg . uf/vfkq] , ^ k;,' k=[ & . ofbj, jL/Gb] k| ;fb| . @)^$ . dwz] ;d:ofsf ] uf7fF ] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @( df3, k=[ $ . ofbj, jL/Gb] k| ;fb| . @)^$ . t/fOsf{ ] jftfj/0f / zflGt;/Iffsf' ] kZg| . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @( df3, k=[ * . ofbj, jL/Gb] k| ;fb| . @)^% . dw;df] JofKt bfOhfk] yf| . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !( c;f/, k=[ $ . ofbj, Zofd . @)^# . /fHo kg' M ;/rgfsf+ ] cfGbfng] . sflGtk/' , & kmfug,' k=[ & . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . JolQm xTofsf ] /fhgLlt . ;do, $ c;f/, k=[ !^–!& . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . l5GgleGg . ;do, @@ ebf,} k=[ @!–@@ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . ;Ldfdf cftÍ . ;do, @# sflQs, k=[ $@ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . jftfdf{ a:g tof/ . ;do, ^ k;,' k=[ @& . ofbj, Zofd;'Gb/ . ;g\ @))& . nxfg x'cf nx"n'xfg . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ @@–@# . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . rlsPsf{ ] cfGbfng] . ;do, @% df3, k=[ ##–#% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . cfGbfngsf] ] gfddf ck/fw . ;do, @$ kmfug,' k=[ #*–#( . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 213 ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^# . e6fe6 ef/tLox¿nfO { . ;do, ! rt,} k=[ @^–@& . ofbj, Zofd;'Gb/ . @)^# . hgtflGqslj?4 k|bz{g . ;do, !% r}t, k=[ $)–$! . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . a9bf\ ] c/fhstf . ;do, ^ jzfv,} k=[ @$–@% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . emg \ th] sf/afxL . ;do, #! h7,] k=[ #@ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . rftkmL} { vt/f . ;do, !$ c;f/, k=[ @# . ofbj, Zofd;'Gb/ . @)^$ . ;/sf/L sd{rf/L cfGbf]ngdf . ;do, !& ;fpg, k=[ #$ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . ;/sf/L pkl:ylt zGo" xbF' } . ;do, !# ebf,} k=[ #$–#% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . ljBfyLx¿sf{ ] larNnL . ;do, @) ebf,} k=[ #* . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . xltof/ cftÍ . ;do, !) c;fh,] k=[ @$–@% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . xTof / ckx/0fsf ] zÎnf[ . ;do, @@ sflQs, k=[ #@–#$ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . ;Í6sf ] ed/Ldf' dw;] . ;do, !& df3, k=[ #^ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . ef/tLo 8fsfx¿F ;dfltbF } . ;do, @ kmfug,' k=[ #@ . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . 3/ 5f8] b\ } ;j;fwf/0f{ . ;do, @ kmfug,' k=[ #$–#% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . cfqmf;] / c:tJo:ttf . ;do, @# kmfug,' k=[ @*–@( . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . zfGt eO;ssf] ] 5g} . ;do, #) kmfug,' k=[ #$–#% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . cem } 5g} dfxfn] . ;do, !$ rt,} k=[ @* . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . 7nf" bnnfO { kmfObf . ;do, @! rt,} k=[ $)–$! . ofbj, Zofd;'Gb/ . @)^% . r]tfjgL s;}n] 6]/]g -lgjf{rg_ . ;do, % jzfv,} k=[ ## . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^% . ;Kt/Ldf kml/] lx;f+ . ;do, @ h7,] k=[ !% . ofbj, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^% . cftÍsf ] kltsf/| . ;do, @^ c;f/, k=[ ## . ofbj, >Lsi0f[ . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngdf] uf/} 36gf . sflGtk/' , @# rt,} k=[ & . 214 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy ofuL,] gf/fo0f . @)^% . :jfoQ dwz] kb| zsf] ] dfu / sflZd/df rln/xsf] ] åGå . xfsF , @) sflQs, k=[ # . of]~hg tfdfª, s'df/ . @)^% . dw];L d'2fsf] cfwf/e"dL . uf/vfkq] , @@ ;fpg, k=[ ^ . /l~ht, chgs{' df/' . @)^! . gkfn–ef/t] vnf' l;dfgfn ] l;lht{ ;d:of . :k;6fOd] , # h7,] k=[ & . /d0f, jL/]Gb|s'df/ . @)^$ . dw];df xltof/wf/Lsf] xf]8 . ;do, !$ c;f/, k=[ !& . /d0f, jL/Gb] s| df/' . @)^$ . dfcfjfbLsf] ] dw;] dfx] . ;do, !( k;,' k=[ !% . /d0f, jL/Gb] s| df/' . @)^% . lgoGq0fsf ] sfObf Û -ck/fw_ . ;do, !( ebf,} k=[ $) . /d0f, jL/Gb] s| df/' . @)^% . zÍfsf ] 3/fdf] jftf { M t/fOdf{ ck/fw p:t } . b l/klAns, dªl;/,\ k=[ #$–#% . /l;s, dgfh] . @)^@ . 8stL} / anfTsf/sf ] rk6fdf] t/fOsf{ ufp F . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ @)–@! . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . anfTsf/ / xTofkl5 d;x/' a:tL lj:yflkt . ;do, @! h7,] k=[ !$ . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . pgsf ] Hofgsf ] vflt/ rkrfk' OHht n6fO/x' F] . ;do, @$ ebf,} k=[ @@–@# . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . gfl;bF 5g} \ ufdg] . ;do, #! ebf,} k=[ $! . /fO{, cf]dcf:yf . @)^! . e"ld / gful/stfsf nflu ;‹if{ . ;do, @! c;fh,] k=[ !$ . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . 6/sf] ] 5g}| vt/f . ;do, @! c;fh,] k=[ !*–!( . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . cjw} xltof/sf ] cfO/f] ] . ;do, @$ dªl;/,\ k=[ !*–!( . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^! . dw;L] cfwf/ uDb' } . ;do, @* df3, k=[ @! . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^@ . ce/df ufpnF ] . ;do, !@ h7,] k=[ @#–@% . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^@ . Pp6f la/fpg ] ;a } lk/fpg ] . ;do, ^ c;fh,] k=[ #^ . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^@ . t/fOdf{ axfn] . ;do, ^ df3, k=[ $& . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^@ . t/fOdf{ ;lNsbF 5} hftLo lx;fsf+ ] cfuf ] . ;do, !! kmfug,' k=[ @)–@@ . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^# . l5gfkmfgf] sf] ] tof/L . ;do, !! ;fpg, k=[ #@–## . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 215

/fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^# . lbp F clwsf/ df5f dfg {] . ;do, !% ebf,} k=[ !^ . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^# . stfsf{ ] ks8aflx/ . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #)–#! . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] . @)^# . ;Í6df kqsfl/tf . ;do, # kmfug,' k=[ #$ . /fO{, cf]dcf:yf / Zofd;'Gb/ ofbj . @)^# . ldqtfsf] xft . ;do, @% h7,] k=[ @)–@! . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] / Zofd;Gb/' ofbj . @)^# . dxfdf/Lsf ] vt/f . ;do, !% rt,} k=[ @# . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] / Zofd;Gb/' ofbj . @)^$ . dwzdf] sf/afxL . ;do, !^ h7,] k=[ @# . /fO,{ cfdcf:yf] / Zofd;Gb/' ofbj . @)^% . ljR5b] kj" { -sf;Ldf] af9L_ . ;do, !( ebf,} k=[ @(–#! . /fO{, ljho;Gtf]ifL . @)^# . dw];L cfGbf]ngsf] gfnLj]nL . b]zfGt/, ^ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)%( . efhk] /L' efiffsf eLid lktfdx levf/L 7fs/' . :k;6fOd] , @$ k;,' k=[ & . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^) . dlyn} ;dfhdf dlxnfsf ] l:ylt . :k;6fOd] , !& ebf,} k=[ & . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^) . t/fOaf;Lsf{ ] ljut / jtdfg{ . :k;6fOd] , !) kmfug,' k=[ & . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^! . ;f:s+ lts[ ljdz { . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @) sflQs, k[= * . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^! . ;dfh / k/Dk/f . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , # kmfug,' k=[ ^ . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^@ . dlynL} ;dfhdf bfOhfk] yf| / o;sf ] kefj| . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , #) jzfv,} k=[ * . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^@ . >4fsf ] kj { 57 . sflGtk/' , @! sflQs, k=[ & . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^# . cfhsf ] hgsk/' . uf/vfkq] -zlgaf/_, @) h7,] k=[ # . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^# . dwzL] ;dbfo' / dfgjclwsf/ . uf/vfkq] , !( ebf,} k=[ $ . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^# . dw;df] dfgjclwsf/ . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !( df3, k[= * . 216 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

/fs]z, /fdbofn . @)^$ . dw];L ;d:ofsf] ldof] . gofF klqsf, @^ jzfv,} k=[ % . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^% . dw;] ;d:ofsf ] dd { . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ^ dªl;/,\ k[= * . /fsz,] /fdbofn . @)^% . dw;] åGåsf ] ;dfwfg . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , #) dªl;/,\ k[= * . /f7f/,} xl/x/l;x+ . @)^# . gful/stfklt| ajf:tf] . gkfn] , @% rt,} k=[ #* . /fd, u0fzk] ;fb| . @)^% . dw;df] eldqmflGt" . gof F klqsf, ( h7,] k=[ & . l/dfn, sdn . @)^! . wf} ef] r]nLa]6Lsf] OHht hf]ufpg . lxdfn, !^ c;f/, k=[ @^ . l/dfn, Zofd . @)^# . ;a } cfGbfng] ;ljwfg;efsf+ ] rgfjsf' nflu u/f F} . ktLs| , ( df3, k=[ $ . ¿kfGt/0f ;Djfbbftf . @)^$ . k/Dk/fut bli6sf[ 0f] . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ @%–@& . /UdL,] sdf/' . @)^% . efiff–eifM] /fli6otfsf« ] ;j+ bgzLn] kIf . gkfn] , @^ ;fpg, k=[ !*–!( . /UdL,] dbg . @)^@ . ;:tfsf' ljifodf /x:odo dfgtf} . /fhwfgL, ! ebf,} k=[ $ . /UdL,] dbg . @)^# . bzeQm] / bzb] f| xL] 5l6' bF } 5g \ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @) k;,' k=[ $ . /UdL,] /fd/fh . @)^# . dw;df] ;Nssf] ] ;fDkbflostf| . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !) df3, k=[ $ . /UdL,] /fd/fh . @)^# . vf8n cem} ulxl/g ;S5 . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, @# df3, k=[ $ . /UdL,] /fd/fh . @)^# . cfTdlg0fo{ / ljv08gsf ] vt/f . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !& kmfug,' k=[ $ . /UdL,] /fd/fh . @)^$ . lgjfrgsf{ ] kd| v' rgf' tL} czfGt dwz] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, # df3, k=[ $ . /fsf,] xl/ . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngnfO] { ;Dafwg] . sflGtk/' , @! df3, k=[ & . /fsf,] xl/ . @)^$ . ;du | ;dfwfgsf ] ;q" . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ @^–@& . /fsf,] xl/ . @)^$ . dw;L] gtfsf] ] ljbf| xkl5===] . gof F klqsf, @@ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 217

/f]sf, xl/ . @)^$ . ;Demf}tfsf t/Ë / cf;Gg r'gf}tL . g]kfn, @^ kmfug,' k=[ #)–#! . /flgof/,} rGbf . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfngsf] ] ;/f] k] m/f] ] . hgwf/0ff, !( k;,' k=[ # . /flgof/,} ?lj . @)^$ . t/fOsf{ 8d' . sflGtk/' , !# df3, k=[ & . /flgof/,} ?lj . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ tn] dfln; . sflGtk/' , @& df3, k=[ & . nD;fn, si0fljgf[ b] . @)%% . aft/F hflt M hftLo cl:tTjsf ] vfhLdf] . sf7df8f F} 68' ] @-!)_ M @*–@( . nD;fn, u0fz] . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ xltof/sf ] yk' f| ] . bli6[ , @@ df3, k=[ !) . nD;fn, u0fz] . @)^% . ;LdfIfqdf] ef/tLo ;/Iffansf' ] Hofblt . bli6[ , !& jzfv,} k=[ ( . nfdf, ;ËLtf . @)%# . /fhwfgLsf ] ;f3F /f' df] cfkjf;L| 3O' rfF ] . lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ #%–$! . nfdf, ;ËLtf . @)%^ . xhfdsf ] sfd . lxdfn, ! h7,] k=[ $*–$( . nfld5fg,] pkGb] | . @)^@ . ;fpg ] ;fw ' . sflGtk/' -sf;] nL_] , @@ ;fpg, k=[ 3 . nfld5fg,] szj] . @)^$ . lg/fz 5 dw;] . ;do, @ kmfug,' k=[ @$–@% . nfld5fg,] /3gfy' . @)^! . eldsf" nflu hd' /fP{' blnt . gkfn] , ! sflQs, k=[ $@ . nfld5fg,] /3gfy' . @)^! . t/fOsf{ ] c/a . sflGtk/' -sf;] nL_] , !$ sflQs, k=[ u . nfld5fg,] /3gfy' . @)^! . g6ª' UofOg\ ] eld" ;d:of . sflGtk/' , & dªl;/,\ k=[ & . nfld5fg], /3'gfy . @)^@ . a9\of] cfTdljZjf; blntsf] . sflGtk'/, !! kmfug,' k=[ & . nfld5fg,] /3gfy' . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] df/df k;]| . kqsfl/tf, rt,} k=[ !–# . nfld5fg,] ;fdgfy] . @)^# . /fHosf ] kgM;' /rgfsf+ ljifodf cWoog yfNg h¿/L . ktLs| , !@ df3, k=[ @ . nfld5fg,] ;fdgfy] . @)^# . dw;sf] dfusf ] Jofjxfl/s ;Dafwg] cfjZos . /fhwfgL, @$ df3, k=[ # . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^! . dlynL} ;flxTosf Hoflt] . sflGtk/' , ( dªl;/,\ k=[ & . 218 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . klxn ] dw;LnfO] { gful/stf . sflGtk/' , & ;fpg, k=[ & . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . vnf' l;dfgf / dw;] . sflGtk/' , #) ;fpg, k=[ & . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . /fi6,« /fli6otf« / gful/stf . sflGtk/' , @& c;fh,] k=[ & . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . s;n ] lnG5 lhDdjf/L] < sflGtk/' , !@ df3, k=[ & . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . dw;L] cfqmfzsf] ;qwf/x¿" . gkfn] , @! Dff3, k=[ @*–@( . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^# . ;Dafwgdf] 56' sf] ] d2f' . gkfn] , ^ kmfug,' k=[ #! . nfn, jif[ zrGb] | . @)^% . dw;k] ltsf| ] kjf" u{ x| . sflGtk/' , @% c;f/, k=[ & . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)%* . /fhgLlts eld;" wf/sf' ;fdflhs hl6ntf . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ #%–#& . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^# . gkfnL] hflt / …gkfnLoÚ] gful/stf . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ #*–#( . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^# . g/fZosf} ] eª' u\ f| df] dw;] . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ $)–$! . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^# . gof F gkfnsf] ] ;fdnL] kf¿k| . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ #*–#( . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^# . c;xh cj:yfsf ] lrGtf . lxdfn, !^ rt,} k=[ #*–#( . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^$ . ljbzLx¿sf] ] a9bf\ ] cle?lr . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ !^–!& . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^$ . dxGy 7fs/sf' ] ljbf| x] M cy { / dxŒj . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ !*–!( . nfn, ;Ls ] . @)^$ . dwz] åGåsf ] e–/fhgLlts" cfofd . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ #*–#( . nfjtL, wdrGb{ | . @)%# . kj" sf{ yf¿x¿ s;/L lhO/x5g] \ < dNofÍg" , c;f/, k=[ @*–@( . nO' 6F n,] u0f/fh' . @)^! . dw;nfO] { ;Dafwg] . sflGtk/' , @ rt,} k=[ & . nO' 6F n,] u0f/fh' . @)^# . csf {] tfn } tfnsf ] ;x/df Û sflGtk/' , @& ;fpg, k=[ & . nO' 6F n,] u0f/fh' . @)^# . dw;L] d2f' . sflGtk/' , ( df3, k=[ ^ . nO' 6F n,] u0f/fh' . @)^# . dw;nfO] { ;Dem/] . sflGtk/' , * kmfug,' k=[ ^ . n'OF6]n, u'0f/fh . @)^$ . afn'jf6f/df ldn]sf xftx¿ . sflGtk'/, !* kmfug,' k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 219 nO' 6F n,] u0f/fh' . @)^% . ;qmd0fsfndf+ ;od+ . sflGtk/' , !$ ;fpg, k=[ & . nvL,] /fhsdf/' . @)^# . clwsf/sf ] vfhL] . ;do, !* df3, k=[ $# . nvL,] /fhsdf/' . @)^% . t/fOsf{ eldk" q' cflbjf;L . sflGtk/' , @^ c;f/, k=[ & . nvL,] /fhsdf/' . @)^% . yf¿ ;Ddngsf] ] ;Gbz] . sflGtk/' , !( sflQs, k=[ & . nfxgL,] ksfzrGb| | . @)^# . cGtl/d ;ljwfg+ cfqmflzt] dw;] . sflGtk/' , !@ df3, k=[ & . nfxgL,] ksfzrGb| | . @)^$ . dw;L] …;lG6d] G6Úsf] ] lglxtfy { . gof F klqsf, @% df3, k=[ & . nfxgL,] efnfk] ;fb| . @)^@ . gkfndf] dwzL] blntsf ] cj:yf . /fhwfgL, $ ;fpg, k=[ $ . jtdfg,{ ufljGb] . @)%* . /l;ofjn vb' { nf6g] afwF . dNofÍg" , ;fpg, k=[ $@–$# . jtdfg,{ ufljGb] . @)%(–^) . dxnL;fu/ afwF M ef/tsf ] csf {] anldrfO { . dNofÍg" , rt–j} zfv,} k=[ $)–$! . j:tL, z/RrGb | . @)^! . klxn ] gkfnL,] clg d;ndfg' . sflGtk/' , @^ ebf,} k=[ & . jfUn,] uhf] zdf { . @)^# . gkYosf] ] if8oGq\ / gkfnu~hsf] ] l/x;n{ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !( k;,' k=[ $ . jfUn,] uhf] zdf { . @)^# . ;Defljt kltqmflGt| / nfstGqsf] rgf' tL} . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !& df3, k=[ $ . jfUn], r'8fdl0f . @)^! . …cnf}lss zlQmÚn] rDsfof] Jofkf/ . ;do, @! h7,] k=[ !% . jfUn,] lqejgrGb' | . @)^! . blnt cfGbfng] M l;/fxf / ;Kt/Laf6 sf7df8fF} 6f9f 5g} . uf/vfkq] , !@ sflQs, k=[ % . jfUn,] lqejgrGb' | . @)^# . dwz,] t/fO { / cflbjf;L yf¿ . uf/vfkq] , @# sflQs, k=[ & . jfUn,] lqejgrGb' | . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] / j:tl:ylt' . uf/vfkq] , !& kmfug,' k=[ & . jfUn,] lqejgrGb' | . @)^% . efiff, eif] / pk/fi6kltsf« ] lxGbL zky . uf/vfkq] , !& ;fpg, k=[ ^ . 220 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy jfUn,] lbgz] . @)^! . af9Lsf ] aaG8/ . gkfn] , !) ;fpg, k=[ @!–@% . jfUn,] gf/fo0f . @)%# . ef/tl;tsf ] ;fwF M vnf' klg, lvrfnf] klg . lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ ^–!^ . ljsf; . @)$( . t/fOdf{ vfgkfgL] . !-!_ M $)–$# . ljKnj . @)^# . dwzsf] 36gfx¿af/ ] ;lIfKt+ ljZnif0f] . hgfbz] , !^ df3, k=[ !÷* . …ljef;Ú, gljg . @)^% . sl/dfsf ] sl/Zdf . gof F klqsf -emg \ gof_,F & jzfv,} k=[ s–v . ljZjsdf,{ afa/fd' . @)^# . pknlAwsf ] s;Ldf dw;L] cfGbfng] . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !% kmfug,' k=[ $ . ljZjsdf,{ afa/fd' / /fdZj/] afx/f] . @)^% . db/;f, uDaf' / cf>d . lzIfs, c;f/, k=[ *–!) . ljZjsdf{, ld7f/fd . @)^# . ;Daf]wgkl5sf] zfGt t/fO{ . uf]/vfkq, @* df3, k=[ ^ . ljZjsdf,{ ld7f/fd . @)^$ . t/fO { lx;f+ / ;dfwfgsf pkfo . uf/vfkq] , !* ;fpg, k=[ ^ . ljZjsdf,{ ld7f/fd . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;ef+ / dw;] ljbf| x] . uf/vfkq] , @& df3, k=[ ^ . ljZjsdf{, ljgf]bs'df/ . @)^! . vTj] hfltsf] cj:yf . uf]/vfkq, @& c;fh,] k=[ % . ljZjsdf,{ xL/f . @)^! . t/fOsf{ blntsf ] ul/aLsf ] bZrqm' . sflGtk/' , ! c;f/, k=[ ^ . lji6, dxGb] | . @)^# . ;qmd0fsfndf+ ;nanfPsf b/afl/ofx¿ . bzg{ , ( df3, k=[ $ . lji6, lxSdtaxfb/' . @)%( . db/;fn ] cfwlgs' lzIff lbgk5' { . sflGtk/,' !) jzfv,} k=[ & . lji6du/, nfs] Gb] | . @)^# . t/fO { M ;d:of, rgf' tL} / ;Defjgf . hgfbz] , !^ df3, k=[ ^ . jL/Gb] ,| sPd] . @)^$ . dw;] Ps /fi6 « xg' sf' ] cfwf/ . 36gf / ljrf/, * kmfug,' k=[ $ . jB,} lzlz/ . @)^# . cfkmnfO" { ;Rofpg ] anf] . gkfn] , !# kmfug,' k=[ $% . zÍ/, 5q . @)^$ . lsg tfTof ] t/fO { . gof F klqsf, !* ;fpg, k=[ ^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 221 zdf,{ hgfbg{ . @)^# . dwz;lxt] l;Ëf ] /fi6 « gof F /fhglts} wf/df PsLst[ xg' k5' { . hgfbz] , !^ df3, k=[ @ . zdf,{ ltnsdf/L' . @)^# . vf/df] ylgPsf' ] af3 / dw;L] cfGbfng] . bzg{ , @^ df3, k=[ @ . zdf,{ bLgfgfy . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;ef,+ dw;L] cfGbfng] / /fli6o« cv08tfsf] kZg| . hgfbz] , !$ kmfug,' k=[ % . zdf,{ bLgfgfy . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng,] /fli6otf« / hghLjg . uf/vfkq] , !& kmfug,' k=[ ^ . zdf{, eb| . @)^# . clwsf/ k|flKtsf] cfGbf]ngdf ;xfbt . a'waf/, @$ df3, k=[ % . zdf,{ eb | . @)^% . t/fOsf{ ;z:q ;dx;" uF Ph08fljxLg] jftf { . awaf/' , $ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . zdf,{ o1 . @)^# . ;befj\ ¥ofnLn ] dfq kUb' g} . bzg{ , ^ df3, k=[ $ . zdf,{ o1 . @)^# . rfn ' dw;L] cfGbfng] / cfzÍfx¿ . bzg{ , !# df3, k=[ $ . zdf,{ o1 . @)^# . :ylut cfGbfng,] sfO/fnf] lgjf; / lu/ˆtf/L . bzg{ , @& df3, k=[ $ . zdf{, ljho/fh . @)^# . :jfoQ hftLo—;‹Lo zf;g . sflGtk'/, !& df3, k=[ & . zdf,{ lj1fg/fh . @)^# . lh;sL nf7L p;sL e;+} sltGhn] < ;fF3,' @( df3, k=[ @ . zdf,{ ljZjksfz| . @)^$ . alnbfgL klv/x{ sf] ] abLwf/L{ . gof F klqsf, !^ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . zdf,{ >Leb | . @)^# . dw;sf] ] 89nf] ] M lgefpg ] s;n ] / s;/L < cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !& df3, k=[ * . zdf,{ >Leb | . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cfuf ] lgefpg ] l;4fGt . sflGtk/' , @$ df3, k=[ & . zdf,{ >Leb | . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;ef+ M dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] ;dLIff . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , @@ kmfug,' k=[ * . zdf,{ ;wLGb' | . @)%# . eUg dfgl;stfdf 5g \ t/fOsf{ d;ndfg' . lxdfn, c;f/–c;fh,] k=[ $#–$( . 222 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy zdf,{ ;wL/' . @)%* . /fhgLlt / ck/fwsf ] hfnfdf] hlnPsf] ] c/akltsf] ckx/0f . lxdfn, !^ kmfug,' k=[ !*–@! . zdf,{ ;wL/' . @)^) . gkfn] 3¥of] ] ef/tLo kmfhn} ] . gkfn] , ! h7,] k=[ @)–@$ . zdf,{ ;wL/' . @)^) . dw;,] dfcfjfbL] / ef/t . sflGtk/' , * kmfug,' k=[ & . zdf,{ ;zLn' . @)^# . lsg ;xefuL xg' ] ;befj\ ¥ofnLdf . bzg{ , !% df3, k=[ @ . zdf,{ ;o" k{ ;fb| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] czflGtn ] u/sf] ;Ítx¿] . hgwf/0ff, !! df3, k=[ @ . zdf,{ ;o" k{ ;fb| . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] ljbf| xnfO] { s;/L ;Dafwg] ug {] < hgwf/0ff, !* df3, k=[ @ . zlz, Zofd;Gb/' . @)%* . hgsk/sf' ] dWodf kl/qmdf M gkfn–ef/t] ;f:s+ lts[ ;t] ' . sflGtk/' , !$ rt,} k=[ & . zlz, Zofd;Gb/' . @)%( . dlynL} /Ëd~rnfO { hLljt /fVg ] cleofgdf 5 ldgfk . sflGtk/' , @% h7,] k=[ & . zlz, Zofd;Gb/' . @)^@ . uLtdo 57 . sflGtk/' -sf;] nL_] , !( sflQs, k=[ 3 . zfSo, szjdfg] . @)^# . hftLo /fhgLlts ;jfn . sflGtk/' , !% df3, k=[ & . zfx, sf;/} . @)^% . /fhgLltdf dl:nd' . sflGtk/' , @$ sflQs, k=[ ^ . zfx, ksfz| / /fd/fh kfv/] n] . @)^@ . 6ofS6/n\ ] agfpbF 5} ls;fgnfO{ sËfn . lxdfn, ! df3, k=[ ^@–^# . zfx, >LufljGb] . @)^$ . hftLo klxrfgsf ] /fhgLlt . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, ebf–c;f} h,] k=[ !*–@! . zfx, ;8f] ;lsgf . @)^% . dl:nd' ;dbfo' / dlxnf . /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ #@–## . zfx, ;fefUo} . @)^! . /fHo, /fhgLlt, ldl8of / ;dfh M sf ] sxf F rSof' F} < lxdfn, ! c;fh,] k=[ @$–@& . lzjfsf6L,] ufkfn] . @)^# . dw;sf] ] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug { ;ljwfg+ g} ;zf+ wg] u/ . 5nkmn, !$ df3, k=[ !÷* . lzjfsf6L,] ufkfn] . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] cfGbfngsf] ] lbzfafw] M lul/hfsf] ;Gbz] . 5nkmn, @! df3, k=[ !÷% . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 223 lzjfsf6L,] ufkfn] . @)^# . dw;L] ljbf| xkl5] p7sf] kZgx¿| . 5nkmn, @* df3, k=[ % . lzjfsf6L,] ufkfn] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] ljho dw;Ldf] rf] sf{ ] jf ljbzLsf] ] . 5nkmn, !( kmfug,' k=[ !–@ . lzjfsf6L,] ufkfn] . @)^% . pk/fi6kltsf« ] ;ky ux0f| / 9f8 ] la/fnf ] . 5nkmn, !@ ;fpg, k=[ !÷* . zkf] ,{ Zofd;Gb/' . @)^$ . zkf] { efiffdf hGdsf] ] dw;] . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ @&–@* . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^! . t/fOsf{ ] ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf pkfo . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !) rt,} k=[ ^ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^@ . gful/stf ;d:of . /fhwfgL, !* c;fh,] k=[ $ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^@ . blIf0f t/fOsf{ ] ljsf;df xnfsL' ;8s . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , #) dªl;/,\ k=[ * . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^# . xfdL ;ÍL0f { gagf F} . ktLs| , * df3, k=[ @ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngsf] ] pknlAw . kghf' u/0f{ , ! kmfug,' k=[ @ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngnfO] { abgfd ug {] if8oGq\ . kghf' u/0f{ , * kmfug,' k=[ @ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngsf] oyfy { . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !$ kmfug,' k[= * . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfng] / 3;k' 7sf} ] cf/fk] . kghf' u/0f{ , @( kmfug,' k=[ @ . >Ldggf/fo0f . @)^$ . dw]; cfGbf]ngsf] cf}lrTo . cGgk"0f{ kf]i6, @$ dªl;/,\ k=[ * . >i7,] 6Ígf/fo0f . @)^) . t/fOdf{ gof F ks| ltsf[ ] jg Joj:yfkg . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, # sflQs, k=[ $ . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^! . kjL" { t/fOdf{ dfcfjfbLsf] ] u?of' hgf] . lxdfn, !^ c;f/, k=[ %^–%* . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^! . dwzL–ls/f] tF M dfcfjfbL] ljebsf] ] lzsf/ . lxdfn, !^ ;fpg, k=[ !* . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^! . wg–OHht M n6' cem} /flsPg] . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ #) . 224 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

>i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^# . …e/k} 6] eftf ] gOÚ{ . lxdfn, ! sflQs, k=[ !^–!( . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^% . cIfDo ck/fw -;KtsfzL] t6aGw_ . lxdfn, !^ ebf,} k=[ !@–!& . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ . @)^% . ljBfyL { kxf8,] lzIfs dwzL] . lzIfs, c;fh,] k=[ !*–!( . >i7,] 8Da/si0f[ / sdn l/dfn . @)^$ . 8fsfx¿F kqmfp kb {} M 8/ p:t } . lxdfn, !^ k;,' k=[ $^–$* . >i7,] 8Da/ / /lj bfxfn . @)^$ . kmlnof} ] t:s/Lsf ] ;~hfn . lxdfn, ! kmfug,' k=[ !@–!% . >i7,] wL/sdf/' . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] oyfy { . gof F klqsf, # ebf,} k=[ ^ . >]i7, gf/fo0fsfhL . @)%# . af/f lhNnfsf] jg Joj:yfkg M /fli6«o cl:dtf / ufpnF sf] ] clwsf/sf ] xgg \ . ljsf; %-(_ M @%–@( . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^! . afwF aG5 ef/tsf ] hldg 8A5' gkfnsf] ] . sflGtk/' , !( c;fh,] k=[ & . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^! . gkfn–ef/t] vnf' ;Ldfsf cK7Øf/f . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, % rt,} k=[ $ . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^@ . gkfn–ef/t] ;Ldfljjfb . uf/vfkq] , !( ebf,} k=[ $ . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^# . rgf' tL} Joj:yfkgsf ] . ;do, !* df3, k=[ @@–@# . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^$ . alNembfF ] 3fp M ;:tf' . dNofÍg" , k;,' k=[ ^–& . >i7,] al4gf/fo0f' . @)^% . lsg 5f8f 5f8g\ ] vnf' ;LdfnfO { < sflGtk/' , @& ebf,} k=[ & . >i7,] dgfh] . @)^$ . lkohg| g } bi6' ePkl5 . lxdfn, !^ jzfv,} k=[ @@–@# . >i7,] dgfh,] >j0fsdf/' bj,] clht ltjf/L, /lj bfxfn / ds' z] kfv/] n] . @)^$ . tf/f ] M eG;f/, :sn' / PDan' G;] . lxdfn, !^ kmfug,' k=[ !@–!$ . >i7,] dQmf' . @)%* . o;/L aflr/xF sf] ] 5 Ps qmflGtsf/L gtfsf] ] kl/jf/ . dNofÍg" , df3, k=[ #@–## . >i7,] /jLGb | . @)^# . dw;—dfS;] jfbL{ sf0faf6] xbf] { . ;do, @% df3, k=[ #( . >i7,] /jLGb | . @)^# . uf/} g/;xf/+ M ca s ] ug {] < bli6[ , !# rt,} k=[ $ . >]i7, zÍ/dfg . @)^# . of] g} Pp6f g]tfsf] cy{ x'G5 . k|tLs, !! df3, k=[ @ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 225

>i7,] zfGtf . @)^% . Odfgsf /fd/fhf / aOdfgsf] lul/hf . hglbzf, ^ c;f/, k=[ ^ . >i7,] Zofd . @)^$ . dwz] M 5 zfGt kfg {] pkfo < dNofÍg" , kmfug,' k=[ !*–@! . >i7,] Zofd . @)^% . dw;L] ;ef;b \ pN6f ] af6flt/] . uf/vfkq] , @! c;f/, k=[ ^ . >i7,] >Lcfd] . @)^! . ljZjkl;4| alndnf–] u9LdfO { dnf] . uf/vfkq] , # k;,' k=[ $ . >i7,] ;bLk' . @)%& . cflys{ dxfgd' } rf6] . xfsf–xfsL $-%_ M !$–!* . >i7,] ;bLk' . @)^) . vnf' ;Ldf km/flsnf ] vf8n . sflGtk/' , @& kmfug,' k=[ & . >i7,] lx/0onfn . @)^) . ddtsf{ ] axfgfdf gof F / 7nf" ] dxnL;fu/ afwF . :k;6fOd] , ! rt,} k=[ ^ . >i7,] lx/0onfn . @)^) . ;Ldf Ifqdf] 8afg' /fSg] cGt/fli6{ o« cfrf/ kfngf cfjZos . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, ! ebf,} k=[ $ . >i7,] lx/0onfn . @)^! . tLgy/L aGbsaf6' cfqmfGt t/fO { . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !* c;fh,] k=[ $ . >i7] dNn, lzj/fh . @)^% . yf¿ / t/fOsf{ cflbjf;L . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, # ebf,} k=[ $ . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^! . /fusf] ls/f h/fdf, kxnf] kftx¿ vf/df] . sflGtk/' , #) ebf,} k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^# . >L /fdsf ] xfO { / gof F gkfn] . sflGtk/' , !) df3, k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^# . dw;,] cfuf ] / OG;fkm . sflGtk/' , @@ df3, k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^# . 9Nsj/sf] ] 9Ëf' ] / cGt/x¿] . sflGtk/' , @& df3, k=[ & . ;ª\u|f}nf, vu]Gb| . @)^$ . aGb's b]vfP/ jftf{sf] lgDtf . sflGtk'/, !^ df3, k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^$ . kxf8L r:df / dw;L] /fhgLlt . sflGtk/' , ( kmfug,' k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^% . lrofdf k/sf] ] lemªuf\ ] . sflGtk/' , !% ;fpg, k=[ & . 226 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;ªu\ f| nf,} vuGb] | . @)^% . zky, lj/fw] / cfuf ] . gof F klqsf, !% ;fpg, k=[ & . ;ªu\ f| nf,} ufkfn] . @)%( . dªl;/df\ ljjfx gug {] ldlynfaf;Lsf ] rng . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !# dªl;/,\ k=[ % . ;ª\u|f}nf, o'j/fh . @)^$ . t/fO{sf] cfGbf]ng– s]xL k|Zg . sflGtk'/, !% kmfug,' k=[ & . ;lRrbfgGb, s'df/ . ;g\ @))& . s'?If]q agf t/fO{ . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ ^–!! . ;lRrbfgGb, sdf/' . ;g \ @))& . s73/ ] d +] cGtl/d ;/sf/ . lxdflngL, dO–h{ g," k=[ (–!! . ;lRrbfgGb, s'df/ . ;g\ @))& . Sof vf]of Sof kfof . lxdflngL, hnfO' –cu:t,{ k=[ !!–!@ . ;do ;jfbbftf+ . @)^$ . s;/L xG5' lgikIf 5fgljg < ;do, @$ h7,] k=[ #^ . ;do ;+jfbbftf . @)^% . dw]; Ps k|b]z M PsfTds ;f]r . ;do, @ ;fpg, k=[ #)–#@ . ;bf, c;kmL { . @)^! . dlQmsf' ] vfhLdf] t/fOsf{ blnt . dNofÍg" , dªl;/,\ k=[ @)–@! . ;fksf6f,] hgs . @)^$ . stf hfbF 5} dwz] < /fHosf] ¿kfGt/0f, k;,' k=[ #*–$) . ;fksf6f,] yfgZj/] . @)^# . b/af/ g3g] sf{' ] kl/0ffd . gkfn] , ^ kmfug,' k=[ #@ . ;fksf6f,] yfgZj/] . @)^# . dwz] aNbf kflvPsf] ] cfzF ' . gkfn] , $ rt,} k=[ $( . ;fksf6f,] bLks . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngn] ] hghLjg si6s/ . bli6[ , & kmfug,' k=[ ( . ;fksf6f,] bLks . @)^$ . dw;n] ] efu] sf] ] lgolt . bli6[ , !$ kmfug,' k=[ ( . ;fksf6f,] wgklt . @)^% . ef/tLo ofhgfdf] dw;jfbL] cfGbfng] . xfsF , $ ebf,} k=[ % . ;fksf6f,] /fhxl/ . @)^# . nfstGqsf] ] ;fystf{ sxf F 5 < ktLs| , !@ df3, k=[ @ . ;fx, lhtGb] | . @)^% . lxGbL dfx] . sflGtk/' , !! ;fpg, k=[ ^ . ;fx, lhtGb] | . @)^% . lxGbL efiffsf ] pklgjzjfb] . gkfn] , ! ebf,} k=[ !)–!! . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 227

;fx, lhtGb] | . @)^% . dxfkj { …57Úsf ] a9bf\ ] pNnf; . sflGtk/' , !# sflQs, k=[ & . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^# . dw;sf] ] ;Gbz] . gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ @&–@* . ;fx, t'nfgf/fo0f . @)^# . ;+ljwfg;efcl3 dw]zsf r'gf}tL . g]kfn, !* rt,} k=[ #! . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] /fhgLlt . sflGtk/' , @* c;f/, k=[ & . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . ;d:ofsf tLg cfofd . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ @*–@( . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . xtf; dw;] . gkfn] , @# ebf,} k=[ #@ . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . dw;df] ljbzL] rf;f ] . gkfn,] @ dªl;/,\ k=[ #$–#% . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . dw;] bfxf] /Lsf] ] ;Gbz] . gkfn,] @# dªl;/,\ k=[ #@ . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . dw;L] dgdf /xsf] d2f' . gkfn,] % kmfug,' k=[ !)–!! . ;fx, t'nfgf/fo0f . @)^$ . nlrnf] dfu s8f sfo{qmd . sflGtk'/, & kmfug,' k=[ & . ;fx, t'nfgf/fo0f . @)^$ . dw]; ;Demf}tfkl5sf r'gf}tL . sflGtk'/, @@ kmfug,' k=[ & . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . lgjfrgdf{ hftLotf . sflGtk/' , @$ rt,} k=[ & . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] rgfjL' rrf { . gkfn] , @$ rt,} k=[ #!–#@ . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] ljZnif0f] -k:ts' ;dLIffM dw;] ljbf| xsf] ] gfnLanL] , ef:s/ uftd,} ;=_+ . gkfn] , @( jzfv,} k=[ %$ . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . ;Qf–lrqdf dw;] . gkfn] , !@ h7,] k=[ !*–!( . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . dw;L] gtfx¿sf] ] ed| . gkfn] , @^ h7,] k=[ !) . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . /fi6] ddf« tftsf] ] dw;] . sflGtk/' , !& c;f/, k=[ & . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . lsg axnfof' ] sf;L] < gkfn] , @@ ebf,} k=[ #*–#( . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . dw;] åGåsf ] cGt/j:t ' . gkfn] , * dªl;/,\ k=[ !^–!& . ;fx, tnfgf/fo0f' . @)^% . h/Lh:t] } hln] bF } . gkfn] , @@ dªl;/,\ k=[ !*–!( . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng] / dfrf] sf{ ] /fli6o« ;Ddng] . nfn dwz] , h7,] k=[ ##–#% . 228 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;fx, ke| ' . @)^$ . dw;L] dlQmsf' ] ed| . dNofÍg" , sflQs, k=[ $&–$( . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^$ . dw;L] ;d:of / cfGbfngsf] ] kZg| . ;f3F ,' !# kmfug,' k=[ @ . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^$ . dwz] cfGbfngM] n6' /fx¿sf] ] e08fkmf/] ub }{ cl3 a9f F} . ;f3F ,' @) kmfug,' k=[ @ . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^$ . æPs dw;] Ps kb| zÆ] ;dfwfg xfOg] . hgfbz] , @$ kmfug,' k=[ !÷* . ;fx, k|e' . @)^% . Ps dw]zsf] gf/f / dw]zL ;d:of . uf]/vfkq, !! c;fh,] k=[ ^ . ;fx, e/t . @)^$ . dw;L] hgcfGbfng] / gt] Tjsf[ ] kZg| . nfn dwz] , h7,] k=[ @#–@$ . ;fx, dgfh] . @)%@ . ddtsf{ ] kltIffdf| hgsk/–hogu/' /nj] ] . ljZjldq, c;fh–sflQs,] k=[ %* . ;fx, dgf]h . @)%( . hgsk'/df hLljt k|frLg ldlynfsf] Oltxf; . sflGtk/' , !( c;fh,] k=[ ^ . ;fx, nIdL . @)^# . km:6fpbfF ] ckx/0f Jofkf/ . ;do, @& k;,' k=[ #$–#% . ;fx, jL/Gb] | . @)^@ . kmfObfsf ] Jofkf/ . lxdfn, ! dªl;/,\ k=[ !@–!$ . ;fx, jL/Gb] | . @)^@ . >ª[ vnfa4\ 8stL,} n6kf6' / xTof . lxdfn, ! k;,' k=[ @@ . ;fx, jL/Gb] | . @)^# . kl;gf ;fl6of,] gkfnL] eOPg . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ #$ . ;fx, jL/Gb] | . @)^# . ktfl8t| 5 jL/u~h . lxdfn, ! rt,} k=[ !^–!* . ;fx, >Lnfn . @)%# . t/fOsf{ b;fw' c5tsf" klg c5t" < xfsf–xfsL !-!_ M !!–!# . ;fx, ;~ho . @)^) . /IffaGwg M dw;L] ;:s+ ltsf[ ] cdNo" lglw . :k;6fOd] , @& ;fpg, k=[ & . ;fx, ;~hosdf/' . @)%* . efhk] /L' ;flxTodf gf/Lsf ] pkl:ylt . sflGtk/' , !& rt,} k=[ ^ . ;fx, ;'lgns'df/ . dw]zsf] cfGbf]ng jiff}{+b]lv blaP/ /x]sf] ljb|f]xsf] Hjfnf xf ] . kj" {, @^ df3, k=[ $ . ;fxgL, lbn . @)^# . uxdGqLsf[ ] /fhLgfdf . sflGtk/' , # kmfug,' k=[ ^ . ;fxgL, lbn . @)^$ . ;jfn ;ljwfg;ef+ / ;:tfsf' ] . hglbzf, ^ k;,' k=[ $ . ;fxgL, lbn . @)^% . ;;b+ df\ efiff kof| u] . uf/vfkq] , @( c;f/, k=[ ^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 229

;fx …xnjfO' Ú,{ ;ldqf' . @)^% . ldlynf~rnsf dlxnf / dxfkj { …57Ú . sflGtk/' , !& sflQs, k=[ & . l;6fnf,} /fddl0f . @)^# . cfGbfngsf/Ln] ] zflns tf8] 5\ < hgcf:yf, @$ df3, k=[ # . l;Gxf, jL0ff . @)^% . dw;L] dlxnfsf ;d:of . uf/vfkq] , @% ;fpg, k=[ & . l;Gxf, jL0ff . @)^% . t/fOdf{ 5f/LnfO] { ;fx }| ljeb] . sflGtk/' , @* ;fpg, k=[ & . l;Gxf, jL0ff . @)^% . dw;sf] 5f/L–a] xf/L' . sflGtk/' , @* ebf,} k=[ & . l;x,+ cd/;s] df/' . @)^! . aOdfg] gt] Tjsf[ ] kL8f . ;do, & ;fpg, k=[ #* . l;+x, c/ljGb . @)^# . dw];s} nflu n8\g] b[9tf xf] eg] . k|tLs, !$ df3, k=[ @ . l;x,+ si0fb[ j] . @)^$ . …ca dw;] rgfjdf' xlnof] Ú] . hgfbz] , @@ df3, k=[ # . l;x,+ kmtxaxfb] /' . ;g \ @))& . ;To sL ljho . lxdflngL, dO–h{ g," k=[ !$–!% . l;x,+ dxGb] | . @)^# . ;ljwfg;ef+ / t/fOsf{ ] ;d:of . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq, !^ df3, k=[ $ . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^$ . dw;L] cfGbfng] / /fli6o« cv08tfsf ] kZg| . xfsF , @) c;f/, k=[ !÷* . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] dddf{ ljif g3flnof] ;] \ . 36gf / ljrf/, @^ dªl;/,\ k=[ & . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] / unt kj| lQ[ . bzfGt/] , * k;,' k=[ @ . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^$ . ;ljwfg;ef+ rgfj' / dw;] . gof F klqsf, !! df3, k=[ & . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^% . Ps dw;,] Ps kb| zsf] ] cfGbfng] tyf /fli6otfsf« ] kZg| . xfsF , @% c;f/, k=[ !÷* . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^% . lxGbL efiff;DaGwL ljjfb . xfsF , !% ;fpg, k=[ !÷* . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^% . efiff;DaGwL ljjfb . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !^ ;fpg, k[= * . l;x,+ dfxgljqmd] . @)^% . lxGbL efiff;DaGwL ljjfb . 5nkmn, !( ;fpg, k=[ @ . 230 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy l;x,+ /fd/fhfk;fb| . @)^$ . dw;L] ljbf| x] / ef/t . dNofÍg" , k;,' k=[ $# . l;+x, x's'daxfb'/ . @)^% . …Ps dw];, Ps k|b]zÚsf] k|Zgaf/] . xfFs, !* c;f/, k=[ * . l;2LsL, df]xDdbL . @)^# . hf] c¿sf nflu afFlr/x]5g\ . lxdfn, !^ kmfug,' k=[ %@ . l;Dv8f, wj'| . @)^! . c;Gti6' 5g \ dw;L] . gkfn] , ^ ebf,} k=[ @@–@% . ;Aaf,' xif { . @)^# . gful/stf /fli6o« ;d:of . sflGtk/' , @* ebf,} k=[ ^ . ;dg,' dgLifsdf/' . @)^@ . dwzL] ;dbfonfO' { sg' } cfGbfngn] ] 5fPg] . /fhwfgL, @ h7,] k=[ $ . ;j' bL,] cle . @)^% . Oltxf;, efiff / hn' ;' . sflGtk/' , !* ;fpg, k=[ ^ . ;j' bL,] buf' { . @)^# . t/fOjf;Lsf{ ] c;xdlt . sflGtk/' , !) df3, k=[ & . ;j' bL,] zf/bfk;fb| . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfngsf] ] lgot / lgolt . gofF klqsf, !% kmfug,' k=[ ^ . ;8fO,] OZj/{ . @)^# . tf8kmf] 8] / aGb lgsf; xfOg] . bzg{ , & df3, k=[ $ . ;8fO,] OZj/{ . @)^# . gful/stf ljt/0fdf kefjsfl/tfsf| ] kZg| . bzg{ , !$ df3, k=[ $ . ;g,] kjgsdf/' . @)%& . af/f hËn ;fdbflos' jg aGgaf6 slt 6f9f slt glhs < :k;6fOd,] @# k;,' k=[ & . xs, vflnb x;' g} . @)^) . dl:nd' ;dbfosf' ] ljsf; Pj + lzIff . uf/vfkq] , !^ sflQs, k=[ $ . xdfn, p4j . @)^# . cfGbf]ng Jofks / ;Dk"0f{ agfpg' k5{ . k"j{, !( df3, k=[ !÷^ . lxdfn . @)$* . gkfnsf] ] t/fO { . @ M %&–^@ . lxdfn 6Ld . @)^% . d?eld" aGb5} -r/' –efj/–t/fO] _{ . lxdfn, ! ebf,} k=[ @*–## . lxdfn 8S;] . @)%& . cfwf/xLg cfqmfzsf] ] c/fhstf . lxdfn, !^ k;,' k=[ @^–@( . lxdflngL l6d . ;g \ @))& . l;km/ ; ] lzv/ k/ . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ @(–#) . x'dfufO+{, k|sfz . @)^# . t/fO{sf] cfuf] M s;n] yKof] l3p . ljdz{, @^ df3, k=[ # . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 231 xdfufO' ,{+ ksfz| . @)^$ . a9b\ 5} b/L," aNb5} cfuf ] . ljdz,{ !! df3, k=[ # . xdfufO' ,{+ ds' n' . @)^$ . cytGqsf{ ] cfwf/ . gkfn] , @) ;fpg, k=[ #&–#( . xdfufO' ,+{ ds' n' . @)^$ . df/df df/jf8L . gkfn] , @) df3, k=[ !$–!% .

Aditya, Anand. 2007. Terai in Travails. The Kathmandu Post, 14 February, p. 4. Agrawal, Puran. 2008. On Representing and Mis-representing Madhesis. The Kathmandu Post, 16 February, p. 5. Aryal, Mallika. 2007. The Rise of a Party. Nepali Times, 18 May, p. 4. Bhatta, C.D. 2007. Lahan and Beyond. The Rising Nepal, 26 January, p. 4. Bista, Puran P. 2008. Vice-President Who Misread the Nepali Text. The Kathmandu Post, 5 August, p. 5. Bom, Prakash. 2008. Nepal Must Vow to Defend its Nationhood. Newsfront, 25 February, p. 8. Chalise, Suresh Raj. 2007. Madhesi Uprising: Time for Wise Action. The Himalayan Times, 5 February, p. 6. Chalise, Vijaya. 2007. Still no Political Understanding. The Rising Nepal, 3 August, p. 4. Chandrakishore. 2008. Lessons from Birgunj Episode. The Kathmandu Post, 5 February, p. 4. Chandrakishore. 2008. The Street or the Parliament ? Newsfront, 11 February, p. 8. Chandrakishore. 2008. Madhesis through Kathmandu Lens. Newsfront, 24 March, p. 6. Chandrakishore. 2008. Strength Called Democracy. Newsfront, 19 May, p. 8. Chandrakishore. 2008. Madhes Problem and the Media. Free Expression, September-October, p. 5. Chandrakishore. 2008. Roots of Struggle. The Kathmandu Post, 18 November, p. 4. 232 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Chandrakishore. 2008. Dialogue of Lasting Peace. The Kathmandu Post, 25 November, p. 4. Chaudhary, Bindu. 2008. Discrimination until When ? The Kathmandu Post, 8 October, p. 4. Devkota, Surendra R. 2008. The Grand Design Theory. The Kathmandu Post, 4 March, p. 4. Dhakal, Ameet. 2008. Six-Point Demand. The Kathmandu Post, 15 February, p. 4. Dhakal, Gopal. 2007. "Wasn't the War Supposed to be Over ?" Nepali Times, 30 November, p. 10. Dhakal, Sanjaya. 2001. Nepal Sadbhavana Party: Mechi to Mahakali. Spotlight, 16 March, p. 10. Dixit, Kunda. 2007. Three Months Later. Nepali Times, 6 April, p. 4. Dixit, Kunda. 2007. Building Bridges in the Madhes. Nepali Times, 21 September, pp. 10-11. Dixit, Kunda. 2007. In the Frontlines. Nepali Times, 12 October, p. 4. Dulal, Hari Bansha. 2007. Blessings in Disguise ? The Kathmandu Post, 9 February, p. 4. Dulal, Hari Bansha. 2007. Peace or Appease Process ? The Kathmandu Post, 17 July, p. 4. Gautam, Shreedhar. 2007. Handling Terai with Care. The Kathmandu Post, 1 February, p. 4. Ghimire, Bhumika. 2008. Changing Nepal ? Newsfront, 28 July, p. 6. Ghimire, Yubaraj. 2007. Intensions, Emotions not Enough. Newsfront, 5 February, p. 5. Giri, Sarita. 2007. Democracy and Madhesi Nationalism. The Kathmandu Post, 7 April, p. 4. Giri, Sarita. 2007. Anatomy of Madhesi Nationalism. The Kathmandu Post, 14 April, p. 4. Gupto, Arun. 2008. On Representing Madhes. The Kathmandu Post, 10 February, p. 5. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 233

Gupto, Arun. 2008. Madhesi Boy and Pahadi Girl. The Kathmandu Post, 24 February, p. 5. Gupto, Arun. 2008. On Cricket Tarai, and India. The Kathmandu Post, 9 March, p. 5. Gupto, Arun. 2008. State and its Ironies. The Kathmandu Post, 3 August, p. 5. Gupto, Arun. 2008. Popular Politics in Terai. The Kathmandu Post, 8 October, p. 5. Haviland, Charles. 2007. In the Central and Eastern Tarai, Rage, Determination, and Grief. Nepali Times, 2 February, p. 4. Jha, Daulat. 2008. Containing the Madhes Insurgency. The Kathmandu Post, 9 September, p. 4. Jha, Daulat. 2008. Matrika's Magic. The Kathmandu Post, 24 September, p. 4. Jha, Daulat. 2008. Mixed Signals, Mixed Responses. The Kathmandu Post, 4 November, p. 4. Jha, Hari Bansh. 2007. Madhesi Uprising: Consensus Vital for Shaping Federal Structure. The Himalayan Times, 16 February, p. 6. Jha, Prashant. 2006. Sideswiped: Madhesi Dalits are on No One's Agenda. Nepali Times, 27 October, p. 11. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Nepali too. Nepali Times, 19 January, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Nepal's Perplexing Moment of Opportunity. Himal South Asian, February, pp. 51-61. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Leave it to us. Nepali Times, 27 July, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Madhes Rises. Himal South Asian, August, pp. 32-39. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Beyond Tokenism. Nepali Times, 3 August, p. 12. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Sandbagging the Plains. Nepali Times, 10 August, p. 10. 234 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Jha, Prashant. 2007. Mainly in the Plains. Nepali Times, 17 August, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. A Missed Opportunity. Nepali Times, 7 September, p. 3. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Calling all Moderates. Nepali Times, 14 September, p. 11. Jha, Prashant. 2007. While Butwal Burned. Nepali Times, 21 September, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Open Border, Closed Minds. Nepali Times, 5 October, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Anybody Home ? Nepali Times, 12 October, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Tarai Churning. Nepali Times, 19 October, p. 8. Jha, Prashant. 2007. Promises Unkept: Continued Pahadi Chauvinism is Churning Madhes Cauldron. Nepali Times, 30 November, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. The Tarai Card. Nepali Times, 14 December, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2007. The Year of the Madhes. Nepali Times, 28 December, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Running out of Time. Nepali Times, 4 January, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Tarai Frontline. Nepali Times, 4 January, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Deadline Pressure. Nepali Times, 11 January, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Just Do it. Nepali Times, 18 January, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Another Window. Nepali Times, 25 January, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Things Fall Apart. Nepali Times, 1 February, p. 2. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 235

Jha, Prashant. 2008. Missing the Story. Nepali Times, 8 February, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Can't Wait. Nepali Times, 22 February, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. The Madhes Street. Nepali Times, 29 February, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Poll Drama. Nepali Times, 7 March, p. 1. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Murkier and Murkier. Nepali Times, 21 March, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Tarai Election Fallout. Nepali Times, 21 March, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. After 4/10. Nepali Times, 4 April, p. 12. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Fear and Voting in the Tarai. Nepali Times, 4 April, p. 12. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Amresh vs. Mahanta. Nepali Times, 4 April, p. 12. Jha, Prashant. 2008. "We are Used to the Bombs. This is Our Chance to be Heard." Nepali Times, 11 April, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Forum in Maostan. Nepali Times, 18 April, p. 11. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Poll Post-mortem. Nepali Times, 25 April, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. South of the Border. Nepali Times, 2 May, p.10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Post-identity Politics. Nepali Times, 16 May, p.10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. The New Madhesi Woman. Nepali Times, 23 May, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Less Miserable. Nepali Times, 27 June, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Message from the Madhes. Nepali Times, 4 July, pp. 10-11. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Holding the Centre. Nepali Times, 18 July, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Not out of the Woods Yet. Nepali Times, 25 July, p. 4. 236 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Jha, Prashant. 2008. Manufacturing Mistrust. Nepali Times, 1 August, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Slow-burn in the Tarai. Nepali Times, 8 August, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Land and Peace. Nepali Times, 22 August, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Fatalism and Hope. Nepali Times, 5 September, p. 10. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Understanding Upendra. Nepali Times, 12 September, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Venting it out in Varanasi. Nepali Times, 3 October, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Talk the Talk. Nepali Times, 17 October, p. 2. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Tarai Fragments. Nepali Times, 21 November, p. 4. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Save the Madhes. Nepali Times, 12 December, p. 7. Joshi, Dhruva. 2007. Burning Terai. The Kathmandu Post, 1 February, p. 4. Joshi, Dhruva. 2007. An Idea that Failed. The Kathmandu Post, 16 April, p. 4. Joshi, Dhurva. 2008. A Bee in the Bonnet. The Kathmandu Post, 31 January, p. 31. Kakkar, Prem N. 2007. Towards Resolving the Terai Crisis. The Rising Nepal, 9 February, p. 4. Karki, Indra. 2007. Solution to the Terai Unrest. The Rising Nepal, 14 February, p. 4. Karn, Sujeet. 2007. Madhesi Movement and Nation State. The Kathmandu Post, 8 May, p. 4. K.C., Shyam. 2007. Pot Calling the Kettle Black. The Kathmandu Post, 29 January, p. 4. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 237

K.C., Shyam. 2008. Do 10-Months Equal 10-Years? The Kathmandu Post, 25 February, p. 4. Khanal, Ajaya Bhadra. 2007. Redirecting Resentment. The Kathmandu Post, 8 February, p. 4. Khatri, Kundan Singh. 2008. Madhesis' Subversive Demands. The Kathmandu Post, 16 July, p. 5. Khatry, Ramesh. 2007. Baburam's Dhoti Prachanda's Tika. The Kathmandu Post, 17 January, p. 5. Kumar, Sheetal. 2007. Lahan's Losers. Nepali Times, 26 January, p. 4. Kumar, Sheetal. 2007. Plain Speaking. Nepali Times, 2 February, p. 4. Kumar, Sheetal. 2007. Acute Hearing. Nepali Times, 9 February, p. 4. Kumar, Sheetal. 2007. Boomerang. Nepali Times, 30 March, p. 2. Kunwar, Ajaya Jang. 2008. No to one Madhes. The Kathmandu Post, 13 February, p. 4. Lal, C.K. 2007. Lament for Lahan. Nepali Times, 26 January, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. Hour of Reckoning. Nepali Times, 2 February, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. Muharram in Madhes. Nepali Times, 9 February, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. An Unfinished Uprising. Nepali Times, 20 April, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. The Price of Radicalism. Nepali Times, 27 April, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. Playing with Matches. Nepali Times, 8 June, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. The Revolt of the Aristocrats: Why Even Privileged Yadavs are so Very Angry. Nepali Times, 3 August, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2007. Political Ecology of the Madhes. Nepali Times, 31 August, p. 3. Lal, C.K. 2007. Violence in a Vaccum. Nepali Times, 21 September, p. 2. 238 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Lal, C.K. 2008. From Rust to Dust. Nepali Times, 4 January, p. 3. Lal, C.K. 2008. The Sigh of Susta. Nepali Times, 11 January, p. 3. Lal, C.K. 2008. Waiting for Goit. Nepali Times, 2 May, p. 2. Lal, C.K. 2008. Caste, Class and Religion: Mithila’s Mythology of Monarchy and Militancy. Nepali Times, 23 May, p. 3. Lal, C.K. 2008. Big Three vs. other Three. Nepali Times, 4 July, p. 3. Lal, C.K. 2008. The Disparate Duo. Nepali Times, 1 August, p. 2. Lamichhane, Somnath. 2003. Laxmanpur Barrage and its Impact. The Kathmandu Post, 23 August, p. 7. Lawoti, Mahendra. 2008. Problems in Knowledge Generation. The Kathmandu Post, 24 October, p. 4. Mainali, Ambar. 2007. Wake up Call. The Rising Nepal, 3 February, p. 4. Mainali, Mohan. 2008. Uniting the Hills and Plains. Nepali Times, 27 June, p. 8. Mishra, Birendra P. 2004. Nepal-India Border. The Himalayan Times, 9 September, p. 6. Newar, Naresh. 2007. Nepalis Want to Stand up and be Counted. Nepali Times, 19 January, P. 4. Pandey, Beerendra. 2008. On Representing Madhes Andolan. The Kathmandu Post, 23 February, p. 4. Parajuli, John Narayan. 2007. Fleeing the Flood. Nepali Times, 17 August, pp. 8-9. Parajuli, John Narayan. 2008. Spoiling for Another Fight. Nepali Times, 11 January, p. 4. Pariyar, Uday. 2008. Message from Madhesi Protests. Newsfront, 14 July, p. 5. Pariyar, Uday. 2008. Fighting Only the Symptom. Newsfront, 4 August, p. 8. Phuyal, Surendra. 2007. Untold Tales of Madhes and Pahad. The Kathmandu Post, 31 January, p. 4. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 239

Phuyal, Surendra. 2008. It's Still not too Late for Madhes. The Kathmandu Post, 30 January, p. 4. Phuyal, Surendra. 2008. Four Issues SPAM must Address. The Kathmandu Post, 13 February, p. 4. Phuyal, Surendra. 2008. 'Agni-Parikshya' for SPAM. The Kathmandu Post, 12 March, p. 4. Phuyal, Surendra. 2008. Getting over a Nepali-Hindi Shock. The Kathmandu Post, 30 July, p. 4. Pokhrel, Arun Kumar. 2008. Identity and Madhes Autonomy. The Kathmandu Post, 25 February, p. 4. Poudel, Biswo. 2008. Future of Regional Madhesi Parties. The Kathmandu Post, 31 March, p. 4. Poudel, Keshab. 2001. Terai's Forest: Challenge for Management. Spotlight, 16 March, pp. 16-20. Pradhan, Prateek. 2007. Do not Discount Madhes. The Kathmandu Post, 25 July, p. 4. Pradhan, Suman. 2006. Slow Burn in the Tarai. Nepali Times, 11 August, p. 11. Prakash A. Raj. 2007. Unrest in Madhes and Chure Bhabar. The Kathmandu Post, 9 May, p. 5. Prakash A. Raj. 2008. Anatomy of Hindi. The Kathmandu Post, 9 August, p. 4. Pun, J.B. 2007. Kapilbastu Postmortem. Nepali Times, 28 September, p. 4. Rawal, Tilak. 2008. Will the Crisis be Over ? The Kathmandu Post, 1 March, p. 4. Regmi, Monica. 2008. Time for Madhesi Realism. The Kathmandu Post, 19 February, p. 4. Rimal, Gauri N. 2007. Madhesis' Demands and a Solution. The Himalayan Times, 5 February, p. 6 . Risal, Subas. 2004. Crisis of Research on Terai Dalits. The Kathmandu Post, 19 May, p. 5. 240 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

Sangraula, Bikash. 2004. Night still Falls Early in Terai. The Kathmandu Post, 23 March, p. 5. Shah, Bipin. 2007. Belated but Popular 'Madhesi Revolt'. The Kathmandu Post, 7 February, p. 4. Shah, Sukhdev. 2008. A Madhesi President ! The Kathmandu Post, 23 July, p. 5. Shah, Sukhdev. 2008. VP Jha, Dhoti and Hindi. The Kathmandu Post, 29 July, p. 4. Sharma, Khagendra N. 2007. Challenges for Madhesi Leader. The Kathmandu Post, 8 February, p. 4. Sharma, Khagendra N. 2007. Dissecting Madhesi Movement. The Kathmandu Post, 25 May, p. 4. Sharma, Khagendra N. 2008. Parmananda Jha's Chaste Hindi. The Kathmandu Post, 1 August, p. 4. Sharma, Sudhindra. 1994. How the Crescent Fares in Nepal. Himal, November-December, pp. 35-40. Sharma, Sudhindra. 2008. Rock and Gard Place. Nepali Times, 15 February, p. 2. Shrestha, Aditya Man. 2007. Madhesi Uprising: The Beginning of the End of Nepal. The Himalayan Times, 1 February, p. 6. Shrestha, Aditya Man. 2007. The Madhesi Solution: How should Federalism be Adopted ? The Himalayan Times, 2 March, p. 6. Shrestha, Buddhi Narayan. 2005. Settling Susta Border Dispute. The Kathmandu Post, 27 August, p. 4. Shrestha, Raj Bahadur. 2002. Terai Forest Shrienking. The Kathmandu Post (Sunday Post), 19 May, p. 1. Singh, Mahendra. 2008. Managing Madhes. The Himalayan Times, 21 January, p. 6. Subedi, Abhi. 2008. Bravo my Country People ! The Kathmandu Post, 5 March, p. 4. Subedi, Ritu Raj. 2007. Interpreting the Terai Revolt. The Rising Nepal, 9 August, p. 4. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — n]v • 241

Thapa, Deepak. 2007. Exclusion Exemplified. Newsfront, 29 January, p. 5. Thapa, Manjushree. 2007. Amend This. The Kathmandu Post, 6 February, p. 4. Tharu, Trib. 2008. Madhesisation. Nepali Times, 25 July, p. 2. Timilsina, Anga R. 2007. Grievances or Something Else? The Kathmandu Post, 30 January, p. 4. Timilsina, Nityananda. 2004. Terai People, Nepali Encephalitis and Pigs. The Kathmandu Post, 28 September, p. 5. Tiwari, Ajit. 2007. Terror in the Tarai. Nepali Times, 4 May, pp. 10-11. Tuladhar, Prateebha. 2007. When Terai was Burning. The Kathmandu Post, 2 March, p. 5. Upadhyay, Shailendra Kumar. 2007. Tarai Turmoil: Autonomy is the only Way out. The Himalayan Times, 6 August, p. 6. Upreti, Sanjeev. 2008. Representing Madhesis and Pahadis. The Kathmandu Post, 6 February, p. 5. Upreti, Sanjeev. 2008. Madhesis, Pahadis and Representation. The Kathmandu Post, 21 February, p. 5. Upreti, Trilochan. 2007. Sacrificing for Peace. The Rising Nepal, 3 February, p. 4. Uprety, Aruna. 2007. After the Deluge. Nepali Times, 17 August, p. 8. Uprety, Aruna. 2007. Kapilbastu Diary. Nepali Times, 28 September, p. 4. Wagle, Geja Sharma. 2007. Govt should Take Lessons. The Rising Nepal, 5 February, p. 4. 242 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;DkfbsLo÷Editorials cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^! . ldlynf ;:s+ lt[ . !! c;f/, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . dw;Lsf] ] gful/stf . ( h7,] k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . gful/stf ljwos] . @# ebf,} k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . gkfnu~hsf] ] bËf . !# k;,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . nfxfgsf ] bMv' . * df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . c/fhstf /fsf] F} . ( df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . jftf { / ;xdlt . !@ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . jftf,{ jftf { / jftf { . !% df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . cfGbfngdf] 3;k' 7} . !& df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . /fli6o« ;ÍNk . !* df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . cfuf ] lgefpm Û @@ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . ;~rf/ / dofbf{ . @# df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . dw;nfO] { ;Dafwg] . @^ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . zfGt t/fO { . @( df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . /fhLgfdfsf ] /fhgLlt . $ kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^# . kml/] cfGbfng] . !) kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . dw;;] uF jftf { . $ jzfv,} k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] jftf { . !$ ;fpg, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . dw;] ;xdltsf ] ;Gbz] . !& ebf,} k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . dftefifLsf[ ] pkIff] . $ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] /fhgLlt . & df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . ;d:ofsf ] r/f' ] . !$ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . rgfj' / hgefjgf . !^ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . ;gf] kl/rfngsf ] d2f' . @@ df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . cfGbfngsf] ] lgsf; . @* df3, k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . Ps dw;,] Ps kb| z] . !# kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . hgtfsf ] si6 . !# kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . cfGbfngsf] ] ;lxtf+ . !$ kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . lgjfrg{ ef8F g\ ] if8oGq\ . !$ kmfug,' k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^$ . jftf { / ;xdlt . !% rt,} k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^% . t/fOdf{ IfqLo] zlQm . $ jzfv,} k=[[ * . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — ;DkfbsLo • 243 cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^% . c;/lIft' t/fO { . @& h7,] k=[ * . cGgk0f" { kfi6] . @)^% . ;ky ux0fsf| ] k6fIfk] . !% ;fpg, k=[ * . sflGtk/' . @)^! . bfOhf ] / afnljjfx ;fdflhs snÍ . !* rt,} k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^@ . ;:tf' arfpm . & ebf,} k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . gful/s ;Dafwg] . @# ebf,} k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . krf/sf| nflu xTof . ( c;fh,] k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . dw;sf] dfu . % df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . dw;df] ldnfk . & df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . c;Gtli6' ;Dafwg] . * df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . gful/s kxn . ( df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] ;DAffwg] . !% df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . kwfgdGqLsf| ] ;Dafwg] . !* df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . u7aGwgsf ] rl/q . !( df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . gful/s /fxt . @% df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^# . ;dfjzL] ;Dafwg] . ! kmfug,' k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] lgjfrg{ klxnf ] ;t {{ . !% df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^$ . dw;L] dfrf] { . @* df3, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^$ . l;Ëf ] t/fO { kb| z] xg' g;Sg ] sf/0f . !# kmfug,' k=[ ^ . sflGtk'/ . @)^$ . ;/sf/–df]rf{ ;xdlt ;+ljwfg;ef ;'lglZrt . !& kmfug,' k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^% . cfgGbLbjL] l;xdfly+ cGofo . @$ jzfv,} k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^% . kf6L { gLlt / pk/fi6klt« . !@ ;fpg, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^% . cfgGbLbjLsf] ] cj:yf . @^ ;fpg, k=[ ^ . sflGtk/' . @)^% . dw;] jftfsf{ d2f' . @* c;fh,] k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ultljlw . $ df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^# . lx;flj¿4+ PSoa4tf] cklIft] . & df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^# . zflGtsf nflu ze;Í' t] . !# df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^# . bzjf;Lsf] gfddf kwfgdGqLsf| ] ;Gbz] . !* df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^# . cyk{ 0f" { ;Dafwg] . @^ df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . jftfaf6{ } ;dfwfg . ! kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . ;d:of ;dfwfgsf ] vfhL] . % kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . ljzif] ;/Iff' / cfklt" { . * kmfug,' k=[ ^ . 244 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . /fhgLlt Ps kfOnf cufl8 . !) kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . ;ªqmd0f\ Joj:yfkg . !@ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . dfgjclwsf/ ;/If0fsf+ ] lrGtf . !^ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . gof F ljZjf;sf ] pbo . !& kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . cuudgsf| ] dxfcleofg . !* kmfug,' k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . nHhfsf ] ljifo . ! df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^$ . jftfsf{ ] cfux| . !& df3, k=[ ^ . uf/vfkq] . @)^% . gljyfnf] F} jftfsf{ ] jftfj/0f . #) sflQs, k=[ ^ . 36gf / ljrf/ . @)^# . lsg aNb5} dw;] < !) df3, k=[ @ . 5nkmn . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] ;d:of ;Dafwg] u/ . !$ df3, k=[ @ . 5nkmn . @)^# . jftf { cfjZos . @! df3, k=[ @ . 5nkmn . @)^# . jftfdf{ ljnDa . @* df3, k=[ @ . 5nkmn . @)^$ . ;Demftfsf} ] ;Gbz] . !( kmfug,' k=[ @ . hgcf:yf . @)^# . lul/hfs } kfnfdf hgtfsf ] d/0f . !) df3, k=[ @ . hglbzf . @)^$ . dw;] c;/Iffsf' ] ;Ít] . !* sflQs, k=[ $ . hglbzf . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] czflGt / ef/tLo lgot . !( dªl;/,\ k=[ $ . hgfbz] . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngk] lt| dfcfjfbL] :ki6 . @# df3, k=[ @ . hgfbz] . @)^% . dwzL] cfGbfngsf] ] uGtJo stf Û @$ c;f/, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . gful/stfsf ] ljt/0fdf ;fjwfgL . $ df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . gful/stfdf ;/ntf . & df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . ;odtf+ ckgfcf F} . * df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . aGb vnfp' . ( df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . /fh:jdf kefj| . !) df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . ;d:ofsf ] lgsf; jftfaf6{ vfhf] +}F . !! df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . ;fDkbflos| ;befjdf\ Wofg k¥ofcf' F} . !@ df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . aGbaf6 ;j;fwf/0f{ kefljt| . !$ df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . gful/stfdf cgudgsf' ] vfrfF ] . !% df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . k;dflysf]| ] xdnf aGb u/f F} . !^ df3, k=[ @ . bzg{ . @)^# . ;DafwgnfO] { jwtfsf} ] vfrfF ] . @^ df3, k=[ @ . lbzfafw] . @)^# . dwzL] cfGbfngsf] ] cGtodf{ . kmfug,' k=[ * . bzfGt/] . @)^# . hfoh dfunfO { hfoh 9Ën ] p7fpm . !$ df3, k=[ @ . bzfGt/] . @)^# . jftf { g } ;dfwfg . @! df3, k=[ @ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — ;DkfbsLo • 245 bzfGt/] . @)^# . tgfjn ] t/fOnfO{ { gfS;fg] . @* df3, k=[ @ . bzfGt/] . @)^$ . t/fO { cfGbfng] nfstGqsf] ] snÍ gagf;] \ . !# ;fpg, k=[ @ . bli6[ . @)^# . /fhgLltdf gltstfsf} ] kZg| . !^ df3, k=[ $ . bli6[ . @)^% . dw;] kb| z] xbF' g} . #! c;f/, k=[ $ . gof F klqsf . @)^$ . dw;L] kmf/dsf] ] ;t { . & h7,] k=[ $ . gof F klqsf . @)^$ . cj;/jfbsf ] qmL8f:yn . & df3, k=[ ^ . gof F klqsf . @)^$ . dw;df] a9bf\ ] c/fhstf . @# df3, k=[ ^ . gof F klqsf . @)^$ . s73/fdf ;/sf/ / dw;L] gt] Tj[ . @ kmfug,' k=[ ^ . gof F klqsf . @)^% . cjw} jgkm8fgLF . ( h7,] k=[ ^ . gof F klqsf . @)^% . ;ljwfg;ef+ / dw;sf] d2f' . @& c;f/, k=[ ^ . gof F klqsf . @)^% . dw;jfbL] cltjfbsf ] xf/ . * ;fpg, k=[ ^ . gf/fo0fL . @)^# . gful/stf ljt/0fdf /sdL v]nsf] ;Í]t . ^ df3, k=[ @ . gf/fo0fL . @)^# . nfxfg 36gfaf6 kf7 l;Sg cfjZos . !) df3, k=[ @ . gf/fo0fL . @)^# . ;d:ofsf ] ;dfwfg ug { cfjZos . !@ df3, k=[ @ . gf/fo0fL . @)^# . egfO { / u/fOdf{ Ps ¿ktfsf ] cfjZostf . !$ df3, k=[ @ . gf/fo0fL . @)^# . hftLo ;befj\ sfod ug { cfjZos . !% df3, k=[ @ . gkfn] . @)^$ . hl6n ;d:ofsf axd' vL' cfofd . @) ;fpg, k=[ !# . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^@ . t/fOsf{ ] bMv' . !@ ebf,} k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . lgGbgLo 36gf . !% k;,' k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . c;xh kl/l:ylt . * df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . lx;f+ /fSg] ;o+ Qm' kof;| . !) df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . cf7 bnsf ] …dfemL ;NnfxÚ . !$ df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . tTsfn ;dfwfgsf ] vfrfF ] . !% df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . ;j+ wflgs} lgsf; . !^ df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . nlIft k;]| . !& df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . ;/fxgLo ;Dafwg] . !* df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . jftf { ;kmn kf/f F} . @) df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . tgfjdf hgtf . @! df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . tTsfn jftf { u/ . @@ df3, k=[ $ . 246 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . c/fhs l:ylt . @# df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . u/lhDd} jf/] cleJolQm . @% df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . kdsf| ] bf;] f| ] ;Dafwg] . @^ df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . :jfutofUo] 3fif0ff] . @& df3, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . jftf { g } pQd . @@ kmfug,' k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . lx;f+ /fs,] jftf { u/ . @* kmfug,' k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^# . dTy/ agsf] ] cfGbfng] . #) kmfug,' k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^% . v } ;/Iff' < @# jzfv,} k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^% . /fi6k« ltsf| ] bfloTj . @% c;f/, k=[ $ . gkfn] ;dfrf/kq . @)^% . ;fDkbflos| ;befj\ sfod /fv . !% ;fpg, k=[ $ . gkfnLkq] . @)^# . cem} klg xrjf' bli6sf[ 0f] . @^ df3, k=[ @ . kj" { . @)^# . nxfg 36gfsf ] Pltxfl;stf] . !( df3, k=[ @ . kj" { . @)^# . dw;] hgljbf| x] . @^ df3, k=[ @ . kj" { . @)^# . ;/sf/sf ] csd0otf{ . $ kmfug,' k=[ @ . kj" { . @)^# . nxfg ;efsf ] ;Gbz] . $ kmfug,' k=[ @ . kj" { . @)^$ . hgtfsf ] Oltxf; . !! df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . xf:6] df] x;+} ] ug {] anf] . # df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . aOdfgL] /fHo wd { xfOg] . * df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . nxfgn ] lbPsf ] ;Gbz] . ( df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . Ifltklt" sf{ ] ;:s+ lt[ . !) df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . bfloTjxLgtfsf ] /fHo . !! df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . hfzdf] xfz] TofUgx' Gg' . !@ df3, k=[ @ . ktLs| . @)^# . ;lxi0ftf' g } ;xsfo { . !# df3, k=[ @ . awjf/' . @)^# . ;Dafwgn] ] gyfldPsf ] dw;] . @$ df3, k=[ @ . awaf/' . @)^$ . t/fOnfO{ { l;/fgL gxfn . !^ df3, k=[ @ . /fhwfgL . @)^@ . ;:tf–ljjfb' / u/lhDd} jf/L] . @# ;fpg, k=[ $ . /fhwfgL . @)^@ . ;nfxLdf{ ;/Iff' ;jfn . @( sflQs, k=[ $ . /fhwfgL . @)^# . ;ljwfg;efn+ ] g } ;a } km;nf} u/f;] \ . !$ df3, k=[ # . /fhwfgL . @)^# . :jtGq k;dflysf]| ] cfqmd0f dbf' jfb{ . !& df3, k=[ # . /fhwfgL . @)^# . dw;Lsf] ] lht . @^ df3, k=[ # . /fhwfgL . @)^$ . dw;] a‰g' l9nfO . @^ dªl;/,\ k=[ ^ . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — ;DkfbsLo • 247

/fhwfgL . @)^$ . lj:kmf6] / cfuhgLsf ] ;Ít] . ^ df3, k=[ ^ . /fhwfgL . @)^$ . dw;] cfGbfng] . & df3, k=[ ^ . nfn dwz] . @)^$ . dw;L] dlQm' cfGbfngnfO] { k0f" tf{ lbcf F} . h7,] k=[ @–# . ;do . @)^! . /fli6o« zfs] nHhfdf gabnf F} . @$ ebf,} k=[ % . ;do . @)^# . t/fO { lx;f+ / rgf' tL} . $ df3, k=[ % . ;do . @)^# . dw;df] lx;f+ . !* df3, k=[ % . ;do . @)^$ . slknj:tsf' ck/fwLx¿ . !& c;fh,] k=[ % . ;do . @)^$ . t/fO { / /fhgLlt . % k;,' k=[ % .

Nepali Times. 2006. Plains Speking. 11 August, p. 2. Nepali Times. 2007. Search for Common Ground. 26 January, p. 2. Nepali Times. 2007. Keep Talking. 2 February, p. 2. Nepali Times. 2007. Walk the Talk. 9 February, p. 2. Nepali Times. 2008. Madhes Checklist. 18 January, p. 2. Nepali Times. 2008. Seeing the Forest and Trees. 11 July, p. 2. Newsfront. 2007. Costly Silence. 29 January, p. 4. Newsfront. 2007. Media's Agony. 5 February, p. 4. Newsfront. 2007. Fire Brigade Approach. 12 February, p. 4. The Himalayan Times. 2005. Respond Promptly. 5 January, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2006. Bruised Reputation. 28 December, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2007. No other Way. 24 January, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2007. Plains Song. 1 February, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2007. Out of the Dust. 5 February, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2007. With Greater Resolve. 26 February, p. 6. The Himalayan Times. 2008. Target: Election. 25 February, p. 6. The Kathmandu Post. 2005. A Shameful Bolt. 24 September, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Terai Calling. 18 January, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Pacify Lahan. 22 January, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Backing Madhesis. 29 January, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Preying on the Press. 31 January, p. 4. 248 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Give Peace a Chance. 1 February, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Toward Settlement. 9 February, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Meaningful Talks. 13 April, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Bruised Madhes. 28 April, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Madhesi Deal. 1 September, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2007. Turmoil in Tarai. 17 November, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Let's Talk to Find our Voice. 17 January, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Madhesi Front. 11 February, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Maintain the Pace. 22 February, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Historical Deal. 1 March, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Ugly Turn. 29 July, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Powwow. 6 October, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Engaging Rajan. 24 October, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Slow Burn. 12 November, p. 4. The Kathmandu Post. 2008. Ignored Madhesh. 21 November, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2007. Right Solution. 31 January, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2007. PM's Call for Talks. 2 February, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2007. Expedite Dialogue. 5 February, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2007. Message to Resolve Crisis. 9 February, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2007. Terai Unrest Suspended. 10 February, p. 4. The Rising Nepal. 2008. Message of the Rallies. 1 February, p. 4. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — cGtjf{tf{ • 249 cGtjftf{{{{{ {÷{{{{ Interviews s0f,{ nId0fnfn . @)^# . dw;df] Hjfnf kml/] blGsof,] Ps dlxgf;Dd aGb u5f +{} -ejg' zdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, & kmfug,' k=[ # . uR5bf/, ljhosdf/' . @)^# . dw;L] hgtfn ] 5§' } /fHo rfxsf] 5gg} \ -sdnbj] e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . bzfGt/] , !# kmfug,' k=[ # . lu/L, ;l/tf . @)^$ . cfTdlg0fosf{ ] dfudf sg' } cflrTo} 5g} -ls/0f kfv] nn|] ] lnPsf_] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , !) kmfug,' k=[ * . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^@ . dw;Lsf] ] cfjfh ;lgPg' -zlzsfGt clwsf/Ln] lnPsf_] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , # sflQs, k=[ * . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^@ . Tof ] ;aeGbf} 7nf" ] u2f/ xf ] -ljZjdl0f ;j' bLn] ] lnPsf_] . hgcf:yf, !) kmfug,' k=[ % . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^# . xfdL dw;sf] dfG5;] uF u2f/L ubgf{} F} -ljZjdl0f ;j' bLn] ] lnPsf_] . hgcf:yf, !& df3, k=[ % . uKtf,' hoksfz| . @)^$ . lul/hfafan' ] dfq ug { ;Sgx' G5' -Clif wdnfn] lnPsf_] . ljdz{, @* jzfv,} k=[ !÷& . ufOt,] hosi0f[ . @)^# . t/fOsf{ d2f' ;Dafwg] gu/ ] jftf { xbF' g} -wL/Gb] | kdlif]| n{ ] lnPsf_] . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ #% . ufOt,] hosi0f[ . @)^% . …dftsf;[ uF s/fsfgL' eO/xsf] ] 5Ú -bjgf/fo0f] ofbjn ] lnPsf_] . sflGtk/,' !% c;fh,] k=[ & . rfw/L,} dxz] . @)^% . gkfndf] dw;] 5bF 5} g,} sxfaf6F lbg ] < -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . awaf/,' !* c;f/, k=[ # . rfw/L,} nId0f -/fzg_] . @)^% . ;Dk0f" { t/fO { y¿x6 /fHo xf ] -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ;f3F ,' @) ;fpg, k=[ % . emf, szjs] df/' . @)^# . kmf/d] b/afl/ofåf/f ;~rflnt 5 -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ;f3F ,' !( rt,} k=[ % . emf, k/dfgGb . @)^% . cfˆgf ] afnL] afNbf] / cfˆgf ] nuf' nufpbfF s;n} ] ufnL u5 { eg ] tkfO +{ 5fl8lbgx' G5' < -si0fHjfnf[ bjsf] 6f] / dxz] rf/l;ofn} ] lnPsf_] . gof F klqsf, !% ;fpg, k=[ !% . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^# . cfGbfngnfO] { abgfd\ u/fpg /fhfjfbL ;lqmo 5g\ -lji0f ' l/hfnn ] lnPsf_] . awjf/' , @$ df3, k=[ # . emf, /fdrGb | . @)^% . dfte[ ld" / dftefiff[ cljlR5Gg -3gZofd v8sf\ / lhtGb] | ;fxn ] lnPsf_] . sflGtk/,' !^ ;fpg, k=[ & . 250 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

7fs/,' efu] Gb] | . @)^$ . ;befjgfn\ ] p7fPsf kfrj6fF dfusf ] ed/Ldf' kmf/d] 3ld/x' sf] ] 5 -eljGb | sfsLn{ ] lnPsf_] . hg;Qf, ! jzfv,} k=[ # . 7fs/,' dxGy . ;g \ @))& . d9s] ag s/ gxL + xfuL] n8fO { -kjLgs| df/' ld>n ] lnPsf_] . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ !% . 7fs/,' dxGy . @)^$ . dw;] :jfoQtf rfxG5 -ljZjdl0f kfv/] nn] ] lnPsf_] . ;do, !( k;,' k=[ #$–#^ . 7fs/,' dxGy . @)^$ . xfdL ;ljwfg;efsf+ lj/fwL] xfOgf] F} -gfd pNNfv] gePsf_] . gkfn] , @& df3, k=[ #) . 7fs/,' dxfgGb . @)^# . kxf8n ] dw;sf] ] ;d:of / dw;n] ] kxf8sf ] ;d:of a‰of' ] eg ] zf;sn ] efUg ] 7fp F kfpg ] 5g} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ktLs| , ( df3, k=[ # . lqkf7L, xbo[ z] . @)^% . dfcfjfbL,] sfªu\ ;]| / Pdfn ] /x;Dd] kb vfnL /xbF g} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . 36gf / ljrf/, @@ h7,] k=[ # . bf;, ;lbi6nfn' . @)^$ . t/fOdf{ ePsf ] cfGbfng] xfOg,] ljbf| x] xf ] -gf/b zdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . hg;Qf, @( ebf,} k=[ # . bj,] lhtGb] gf/fo0f| . @)^# . hgclwsf/ kmf/d] / dlQm' dfrf] n{ ] of ] cfGbfng] u/sf] ] xfOg] -gf/fo0f rfnfufO} n+{ ] lnPsf_] . ;f3F ,' @( df3, k=[ % . kf08,] bjGb] /fh| . @)^# . ;QfkIf oyfl:yltjfbL ;frdf] 5 -o;fbf] ltlD;gfn] lnPsf_] . gkfn] , @* df3, k=[ !$–!^ . kf;jfg, dxGb] | . @)^# . ljv08gjfbLnfO { hgtfaf6 cnUofpgk5' { -gfd pNnv] gul/Psf_] . ;f3F ,' & kmfug,' k=[ % . kf;jfg, /fdkLt| . @)^# . t/fO { e8sfpg\ ] ljbzL] tŒjnfO { nv6] g\ k5' { -gfd pNnv] gul/Psf_] . ;f3F ,' @@ df3, k=[ % . kf;jfg, /fdkLt| . @)^$ . ;fdGt hldGbf/x¿ dwzsf] ] gtf] aGg vfHb] 5g} \ -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ;f3F ,' !$ df3, k=[ % . kg,' jifdfg{ . @)^# . dw;] cfGbfngdf] ljv08gsf/Lsf ] xft 5 -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ;f3F ', !$ kmfug,' k=[ % . kfv/] n,] si0f[ . @)^$ . dw;sf] ] cfGbfngdf] b/af/sf ] 3;k' 7} 5 -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . awaf/,' !% kmfug,' k=[ # . kf8} n,] bj] Gb] | . @)^$ . t/fO–dw{ ;df] Tolt 7nf" ] ;d:of blv/x] sf] 5gf} F} ->Lw/ cfrfon{ ] lnPsf_] . uf/vfkq] , !$ df3, k=[ & . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — cGtjf{tf { • 251 ksfz| . @)^# . dfcfjfbLn] ] 7Ls 9Ën ] k:t| t' u/g] -;Ltf/fd / ljZjdl0fn] lnPsf_] . hgcf:yf, @ kmfug,' k=[ % . kr08| . @)^$ . dwzsf] ] ;d:of egsf] ] gkfnsf] ] Pp6f /0fglts} ;d:of xf ] -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . nfn dwz] , h7,] k=[ $–& . lahS5' ,] gf/fo0fdfg . @)^$ . Ps dw;] ;fpy Anss } l8hfOg -5q sfsLn{ ] lnPsf_] . ;do, #) kmfug,' k=[ @*–@( . e08f/L, z/bl;x+ . @)^# . t/fO { ga‰g' x¿] ;fDkbflostfsf| ] xNnf rnfpbF 5g} \ -hkLn] ] lnPsf_] . 36gf / ljrf/, @$ df3, k=[ # . dxtf,] /fhGb] | . @)^# . gful/stfdf ;asf} ] xs 5 -zlzsfGt clwsf/Ln] lnPsf_] . cGgk0f" { kfi6] , ^ c;fh,] k=[ * . dxtf,] ljho . @)^# . cfGbfngdf] 3;k" 7} 5 -gfd pNnv] gul/Psf_] . awjf/' , !& df3, k=[ # . dx/f, si0faxfb[ /' . @)^# . /fhfn ] zf;g ubf { t/fOsf{ hgtf s ] x/] /] a;sf] lyP -z/f' hË] kf08n] ] lnPsf_] < 5nkmn, !$ df3, k=[ # . dxf;7,] /3jL/' . @)^# . dw;Lsf] dfuklt| xfdf| ] kf6L { dfq } ;j+ bgzLn] 5 -lji0f ' l/hfnn ] lnPsf_] . awjf/' , !& df3, k=[ # . dxf;7,] /3jL/' . @)^$ . ux[ kzf;gn| ] rfxg ] xf ] eg ] rfaL;} 306fdf dw;] zfGt xG5' -ljZjdl0f kfv/] nn] ] lnPsf_] . ;do, !& h7,] k=[ #!–#@ . ld>, jzLw/+ . @)^# . st' ŒjnfO { sf/afxL gu/L 5f8b\ gf} F} -z/f' hË] kf08n] ] lnPsf_] . 5nkmn, @* df3, k=[ # . dgfnL,} szjk] ;fb| . @)^$ . ca t/fOdf{ dw;Lx¿] / xfdL ;u;F uF } a:g;Sg] ;Defjgf 5g} -ejg' zdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, @! h7,] k=[ # . dgfnL,} szjk] ;fb| . @)^$ . bz] 6lqmg' yfn ] xltof/ p7fp5fF F} -lhtGb] | v8ufn\ ] lnPsf_] . gkfn,] @) ;fpg, k=[ @) . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . xfdL jftfåf/f{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug { tof/ 5f F} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . bzg{ , !! df3, k=[ # . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . dwzLnfO] { cnUu } /fHo rflxG5 -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . sfe ]| 6fOD;, !^ df3, k=[ % . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . uxdGqL[ x6fpg ] ;xdlt ePsf ] 5 -Clif wdnfn] lnPsf_] . ljdz,{ @^ df3, k=[ !÷^ . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . uxdGqLn[ ] /fhLgfdf lbP/ dfq kUb' g,} pgnfO { sf/afxL klg ugk5{' { -ejg' zdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, @( df3, k=[ # . 252 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^# . ldl>t vfns } ;‹Lo /fHo xg' k5' { -h=aL=] ljZjsdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . dNofÍg" , kmfug,' k=[ !& . ofbj, pkGb] | . ;g \ @))& . hgtf xL xlyof/ x } -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . lxdflngL, dfr–clk{ n,| k=[ #! . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^$ . hgtflGqsaf6 dw;] cfGbfngsf] ] abgfdL -;Ltf/fd a/fnn ] lnPsf_] . gkfn] , ^ ;fpg, k=[ !$–!% . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^$ . ;/sf/df ;sf/fTds /jof} 5g} -oj/fh' l3ld/n] ] lnPsf_] . ;do, #! ;fpg, k=[ @# . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^$ . dfcfjfbL] 3ldlkm/L' …/fodfemLÚ nfOgdf cfOkUf' ] -gfd pNnv] gul/Psf_] . t?0f, # ebf,} k=[ # . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^% . …/fhgLltdf :yfoL zq ' xbF' gÚ} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . gkfn,] % h7,] k=[ !& . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^% . ef/tn ] alemlbPsf' ] eP dwz] plxNo } :jfoQ kb| z] alg;SYof ] -lbgz] sfsL { / kik/fh' cfrfon{ ] lnPsf_] . bzfGt/,] !( h7,] k=[ # . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^% . dfcfjfbLn] ] lg0fo{ ubf { v;L' nfUg ' :jfefljs xf] -;Ltf/fd cuxl/n| ] lnPsf_] . uf/vfkq,] @& h7,] k=[ & . ofbj, pkGb] | . @)^% . …dw;] ;avfn} ] cltqmd0fsf lj¿4 5Ú -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . gkfn,] @^ ;fpg, k=[ @$ . ofbj, lrqnvf] . @)^# . t/fOsf{ ] cfGbfng] /fhgLlts Gofosf nflu xf] -sdnbj] e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . bzfGt/] , !$ df3, k=[ # . ofbj, e/tljdn . @)^# . dw;df] cfuf ] ;Nsgdf' uxdGqL[ lhDdjf/] 5g\ -ejg' zdfn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, @@ df3, k=[ # . ofbj, e/tljdn . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] ca zfGt xG5' -sdnbj] e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . bzfGt/] , @* df3, k=[ # . ofbj, dftsf[ . @)^# . cfOnfUgdfly] hfOhfU5f F} -cfdcf:yf] /fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . ;do, !* ;fpg, k=[ #)–#! . ofbj, dftsf[ . @)^# . hgtflGqs M ef/t / b/af/sf ] vn] -ljZjdl0f kfv/] nn] ] lnPsf_] . ;do, $ df3, k=[ #$ . ofbj, dftsf[ . @)^# . clwsf/ glbg ' ljv08gjfbL ;fr] xf ] -ozfbf] ltlD;gfn ] lnPsf_] . gkfn] , @! Dff3, k=[ !$–!% . kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — cGtjf{tf{ • 253 ofbj, ofugf/fo0f] . @)^# . cfGbfngsf] dfux¿ hfoh 5g \ -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . awjf/' , !& df3, k=[ # . ofbj, /fds'df/L . @)^$ . ===gq hgtf cl3 ;5{–;5{ -gfd pNn]v gePsf_] . hgfbz] , !@ c;f/, k=[ # . ofbj, /fdj/0f . ;g \ @))& . cfbf+ ng] d +] b/afl/of 3;k' 7} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . lxdflngL, dfr–ck{ Ln,| k=[ @& . ofbj, /fdj/0f . @)^# . kmf/dsf] ] dfu ;xL, tl/sf unt 5 -sfzn} e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . ljdz,{ !^ rt,} k=[ @ . ofbj, /fdj/0f . @)^$ . cfTdlg0fosf{ ] clwsf/n ] dn' s' ljv08g xG5' -sdnbj] e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . bzfGt/,] ^ df3, k=[ # . ofbj, /fdj/0f . @)^% . lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO { afSg] ] sfªu\ ;s]| } eljio pHHjn 5 -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . 36gf / ljrf/, @% c;f/, k=[ # . ofbj, /fdj/0f . @)^% . hftLo / IfqLotfeGbf] dfly p7g\ k5' { -;Gtfif] cfrfon{ ] lnPsf_] . gkfn,] !( ;fpg, k=[ @)–@! . /fo, ;LtfgGbg . @)^# . kmf/dnfO] { bndf kl/0ft u5f +{} -sfzn} e§/fOn{ ] lnPsf_] . ljdz,{ !* kmfug,' k=[ @ . /fo ofbj, /fdZj/] . @)^# . dw;sf] ] cfGbfng] cem e8lsg\ ;S5 -k0f" { sfsLn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, !% df3, k=[ # . /fo ofbj, /fdZj/] . @)^$ . ef/tsf ] xfOg,] dw;L] hgtfsf ] cfzLjfb{ rflxof ] -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ;f3F ,' & df3, k=[ % . /]UdL, dbg . @)^# . t/fO{ cfGbf]ng ef/tLo 3';k}7sf] kl/0ffd xf] -rGbk| sfz| aflgofnF ] lnPsf_] . hgwf/0ff, # kmfug,' k=[ !÷& . nvL,] /fhsdf/' . @)^% . Ps dw;] kb| z] ;dfwfg xfOg,] yk ;d:of xf] -gfd pNnv] gePsf ] _ . 36gf / ljrf/, !* c;f/, k=[ # . nvL,] /fhsdf/' . @)^% . ;anfO} { dw;L] agfP/ vfg ] if8oGq\ ub {} 5g\ -;Ltf/fd a/fnn ] lnPsf_] . hgcf:yf, !* c;f/, k=[ % . zdf,{ /fdsdf/' . @)^% . dVodGqL' rflx F yf¿nfO { agfpg ] xf ] -;Ltf/fd a/fnn ] lnPsf_] . hgcf:yf, !* c;f/, k=[ % . ;fx, wdgfy{ . @)^# . dw;df] ;d:of l;hgf{ ugdf{ dfcfjfbLsf] ] xft 5 -lji0f ' l/hfnn ] lnPsf_] . awjf/' , !$ rt,} k=[ # . ;fx, ke| ' . @)^# . kltufdL| tŒjx¿ ;lqmo 5g \ -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . hgfbz] , !^ df3, k=[ # . 254 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

;fx, xl/r/0f . @)^# . dw;L] cfGbfngsf/Lsf] xTof/fx¿nfO { s73/fdf pEofpg } k5 { -k0f" { sfsLn{ ] lnPsf_] . hgefjgf, @* kmfug,' k=[ % . l;x,+ uhGb] gf/fo0f| . @)%& . ca dw;Lx¿] Pstfa4 xg' 5g] \ -/fhf/fd uftdn} ] lnPsf_] . gkfn] , ! rt,} k=[ !& . l;x,+ Hjfnf . @)^# . cGtl/d ;ljwfg+ vf/h] u/ ] jftf { xG5' ->j0fsdf/' bjn] ] lnPsf_] . lxdfn, !^ df3, k=[ #% . l;x,+ Hjfnf . @)^% . ;Ldf 5§Øfpg' dfq } kxf8 ] zf;s;uF jftf { ug ]{ 5fF} -/fdfgGb uKtfn' ] lnPsf_] . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/–;fpg, k=[ !*–!( . l;x,+ aag . @)^% . …t/fO { cfdL { rnfpg ] ke| ' ;fx xg' Ú\ -efh/fh] ef6n] lnPsf_] . gkfn,] !( ;fpg, k=[ ## . l;x,+ /fd/fhfk;fb| . @)^$ . clxnsf] ] /fHo ;/rgfn+ ] dw;sf] ]] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug { ;Sbg} -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . nfn dwz] , h7,] k=[ !(–@) . l;x,+ /fd/fhfk;fb| . @)^$ . dw;L] ;dxx¿" dnwf/df" cfp5gF \ -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . gkfn] , @$ c;f/, k=[ @$ . l;+x, /fd/fhfk|;fb . @)^$ . dw];df e]befj 5 elgG5, s] kxf8df ebefj] 5g} < -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . /fHosf ] ¿kfGt/0f, c;f/– ;fpg, k=[ !$–!& . l;x,+ /fd/fhfk;fb| . @)^$ . of ] gof F ousf' ] k;j| jbgf] xf ] -ljZjdl0f kfv/] nn] ] lnPsf_] . ;do, !& ;fpg, k=[ #@–## . l;x,+ /fd/fhfk;fb| . @)^% . daf6 OlG8of cfZj:t xGg' -si0f[ / dxz] rf/l;ofn} ] lnPsf_] . gof F klqsf, @$ ;fpg, k=[ !% . ;fgn,] lhtGb] | . @)^# . ;/sf/ lh2L aGof ] eg ] dw;L] klg lh2L ag/] cfGbfng] nDAofpg ;S5g \ -gfd pNnv] gePsf_] . ktLs| , !) df3, k=[ # .

Gupta, Jaya Prakash. 2008 . 'Nothing Except One Madhes' (Interviewed by Kamal Raj Sigdel). The Kathmandu Post, 9 June, p. 5. Nidi, Bimalendra. 2008. Madhesis don't Want a Separate Country (Interviewed by Puran P. Bista and Yuvraj Acharya). The Kathmandu Post, 21 January, p. 5. kqklqsfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L — cGtjf{tf { • 255

Poudel, Ram Chandra. 2008. Almost Every Madhesi Demand has been Fulfilled (Interviewed by Yuvaraj Acharya and Kamal Raj Sigdel). The Kathmandu Post, 28 January, p. 5. Tripathi, Hirdayesh. 2008. 'Keep out of Tarai Affairs' (Interviewed by Purna P. Bista and Kamal Raj Sigdel). The Kathmandu Post, 9 June, p. 5. Yadav, Upendra. 2007. The Terai Movement is not Against Pahadis (Interviewed by Puran P. Bista and Kamal Raj Sigdel). The Kathmandu Po st, 29 January, p. 5. Yadav, Upendra. 2008 . 'If Madhes is Addressed, MPRF Cannot Join Coalition' (Interviewed by Kamal Raj Sigdel and Kosh Raj Koirala). The Kathmandu Post, 28 April, p. 5. Yadav, Upendra. 2008. "Koirala Must Resign"(Interviewed by Prashant Jha). Nepali Times, 23 May, p. 6. 256 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy OG6/g6df] pknAw ;fduL| • 257

v08 &

OG6/g]6df pknAw ;fdu|L Materials from the Internet

kltj||||| bg,]]]]] nv]]]]] tyf cGtjftf{{{{{ {{{{{ Reports, Articles and Interviews OG;s] . @)^@ . ;Kt/Lsf ] kTy/u9fl:yt dlGb/x¿df blntx¿åf/f ;fdlxs' kj| z] u/L khf" ubf { ePsf ] 36gfsf ] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/fact/Saptri%20Incident.pdf. OG;]s . @)^# . af/fsf] b]jfk'/6]6fdf ePsf] xTof tyf ufpFn] / dfcfjfbLaLrsf] ] em8k;DaGwL :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/fact/Factfinding20060924 Bara.pdf. OG;]s . ;g\ @))& . /f}tx6sf] uf}/df dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d / dfcfjfbLåf/f] cfoflht] cfd;efsf qmddf ePsf ] 36gfsf ] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/fact/ HRTMCC%20-%20Fact-Finding%20Report%20-%20Gaur- 01-%202007.pdf.

@%& 258 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

OG;s] . @)^$ . slknj:t ' lhNnfsf ] jL/k/' uflj;–$ sb/j' 6jfsf] dflxt] vfsf+F ] @)^$ ebf } #) ut ] c1ft ;dxåf/f" ufnL] kxf/| u/L xTof / To;kl5 pTkGg dfgjclwsf/ pNn‹gsf ] cj:yf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] :ynut cWoogsf ] kf/lDes| kltj| bg] . Available at http://www. inseconline.org/fact/HRTMCC%20FF%20Report% 20on%20Kapilvastu.pdf. OG;s] . @)^$ . wgiff' lhNnfsf ] nSs8 uflj;sf ] kf;jfg a:tLdf ePsf] cfuhgLsf ] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www. inseconline.org/factDhanush%20fact%20finding% 20reportFinal.pdf. OG;s] . @)^$ . ;g;/L' lhNnfsf ] /fhu~h l;gjf/Ldf ePsf ] xTof 36gfsf] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/ fact/sunsari%20fact%20finding%20report.pdf. OG;s] . @)^$ . ;Kt/L lhNnfsf ] sNof0fk/df' ePsf ] xTof 36gfsf ] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/fact/ saptari%20fact%20finding%20reportFinal.pdf. OG;s] . @)^$ . /ftx6} lhNnfsf ] /Ëk/' uflj; j8f g + % s6fgL 6fndf] @)^$ kmfug' ^ ut ] /ftL hgtflGqs t/fO { dlQm' dfrf] { -Hjfnf l;x+ ;dx_" n ] cfqmd0f u/L n6kf6' / rf/ ojtL' ckx/0f u/sf] ] 36gfsf] :ynut cWoog kltj| bg] . Available at http://www.inseconline.org/ fact/Rangpur_fact_finding.pdf.

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Goit, Jaikrishna. 2008. It is all Because of the Elements that Long for Money (Interviewer's name not mentioned). Available at http://www. kantipuronline.com/kolnews.php?&nid=163117. Gurung, Harka. 2007. Nepali Nationalism. Available at http://www.telegraphnepal.com/news_det.php?news_id=2080. Hatlebakk, Magnus. 2007. Economic and Social Structures that may Explain the Recent Conflicts in the Terai of Nepal. Available at http://www.cmi.no/publications/publication/?2662= economic-and-social-structures-that-may-explain. Haviland, Charles. 2008. Dark Clouds Gather over Nepal. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7263399.stm. Himali, Chetendra Jung. 2007. The Citizenship Act is Simply a Design to Challenge the Very Independence of our Country by our Own Leaders (Interviewer's name not mentioned). Available at http://www.telegraphnepal.com/news_det.php? news_id=2034. Jha, Haribansh. 2008. Nepal’s Federal Structure. Available at http://www.nowpublic.com/world/nepal-s-federal-structure. Jha, Prashant. 2008. Tarai Tells a Tale. Available at http://www. hardnewsmedia.com/2008/06/2206. Jha, Ram Chandra. 2008. "There does not Exist a Single Madhes in the History of this Country" (Interviewer's name not mentioned). Available at http://www.nepalnews.com.np/ contents/2008/english weekly/spotlight/jul/jul11/interview.php. Jonathan. 2007. The Terai Violence: Reimagining Nepal. Available at http://headheeb. blogmosis.com/2007/02/ Josse, M.R. 2006. Citizenship en Masse: Playing With Demographic Fire. Available at http://newsblaze.com/story/ 20060914075735nnnn.nb/topstory.html. Josse, M.R. 2007. Madesh Crisis: No End in Sight. Available at http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL0705/S00568.htm. 262 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy

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Yadav, Ram Baran. 2008. “I Need to Play the Role of a Referee to Make Politics Fair and Free” (Interviewed by Keshab Poudel). Available at http://www.nepalnews.com.np/ archive/2008/others/guestcolumn/jul/guest_columns_09.php. Yadav, Upendra. 2007. I will Talk, but not to Compromise (Interviewed by Sankarshan Thakur). Available at http://www. tehelka.com/story_main32.asp? Yadav, Upendra. 2007. Madhesi Demands neither is Aimed at “Separatism” nor for Disturbing “Communal Harmony (Interviewer's name not mentioned). Available at http://www.kiratisaathi. com/forum/458.html. Yadav, Upendra. 2008. First CA Sitting Can't Quit King from Palace (Interviewer's name not mentioned). Available at http://www.nepalmountain news.com/news/print.php/ 2008/05/14/first-ca-sitting-can-8217-t-quit-gyanendra-from- palace-upendra-yadav-forum-chief.phtml. Yhome, K. 2006. Madhesis: A Political Force in the Making?. Available at http://www.ipcs.org/newKashmirLevel2.jsp? action=showView&kValue=2072&subCatID=null&mod=null. Yhome, K. 2007. The Madhesi Issue in Nepal. Available at http://www.ipcs.org/whats NewArticle11.jsp? Yhome, K. 2007. The Madhesis of Nepal. Available at http://www.indiandefencereview. com/?p=131 270 • t/fO{–dw]; ;Gbe{ u|Gy t/fO{{–dw{{{ ]];;DaGwL]]] ;fdu||L||| kfOg]] ]]] k||d||| ''v''' j]]j;fO6]]] tyf Anux¿÷ Major Tarai-Madhes Related Websites and Blogs http://dermrepubnepal.blogspot.com/ http://indiamadhesi.wordpress.com/ http://kanunisanchar.com/blog/ http://madheshee.blogspot.com/ http://madhesi.blogspot.com/ http://madhesi.motime.com/ http://madhesiaawaz.blogspot.com/ http://madhesiinternational.blogspot.com/ http://marg.org.np/ http://terainews.blogspot.com/ http://www.madhesh.org.np/ http://www.madhesi.freehomepage.com/ http://www.terai.org/ www.madheshvani.com/ www.madhesi.wordpress.com/ www.mithilaonline.com/ www.tarainews.com.np/