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Prosecution Pre-Trial Brief IT-09-92-PT 37476 D37476 - D37262 24 February 2012 SMS UNITED NATIONS International Tribunal for the Case No.: IT-09-92-PT Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of Date: 24 February 2012 International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991 IN TRIAL CHAMBER I Before: Judge Alphons Orie, Presiding Judge Bakone Justice Moloto Judge Christoph Flügge Registrar: Mr. John Hocking THE PROSECUTOR v. RATKO MLADI] Public with Public Annexes A-F P ROSECUTION P RE -T R I A L B RIEF The Office of the Prosecutor: Mr. Dermot Groome Mr. Peter Mc Closkey Counsel for Ratko Mladi}: Mr. Branko Luki} Mr. Miodrag Stojanovi} 37475 THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA IT-09-92-PT THE PROSECUTOR v. Ratko MLADI] Public with Public Annexes A-F P ROSECUTION P RE -T R I A L B RIEF Pursuant to Rule 65ter(E)(i) of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence the Prosecution submits its Pre- trial Brief with the following Annexes: 1. Public Annex A: Narrative of Crimes in the Municipalities1 2. Public Annex B: Summary of Evidence to be Adduced in Support of the Crimes Enumerated in Schedules A through G of the Indictment2 3. Public Annex C: Maps Relevant to the Indictment 4. Public Annex D: Organigrams of Military and Police Units3 5. Public Annex E: Charts and Tables Relevant to Political Structures 6. Public Annex F: Glossary 1. The submission of this Pre-Trial Brief in conjunction with the Prosecution Witness List and Exhibit List filed on 10 February 2012 completes the requirements of Rule 65 ter (E).4 1 For the purposes of clarity, the Prosecution summarises its case with respect to the municipalities charged in the Indictment in this single separate narrative. 2 Annex B contains a comprehensive but not exhaustive list of the evidence the Prosecution will adduce with respect to each crime enumerated in Schedules A to G in the Indictment. 3 The organigrams in Annex D are best viewed on a computer monitor. 4 Rule 65ter(E)(i) and (iii) requires the Prosecution’s Pre-trial Brief to include any admissions by the parties and information about whether the authenticity of exhibits is challenged by the Defence. Case No. IT-09-92-PT 1 24 February 2012 37474 2. To protect the security and privacy of witnesses until they come before the Trial Chamber the Prosecution has referenced the evidence of particular witnesses by using their witness reference numbers. Words: 43,974 (including Annex A) Respectfully submitted, ______________________ Dermot Groome Senior Trial Attorney ______________________ Peter Mc Closkey Senior Trial Attorney Dated this 24th day of February 2012 At The Hague, The Netherlands Discussions regarding such matters are ongoing, have been reported to the Chamber and will be the subject of a separate filing. Case No. IT-09-92-PT 2 24 February 2012 37473 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 5 II. MLADI] Was a Key Member of an Overarching JCE to Permanently Remove Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats from Bosnian Serb-claimed Territory in BiH ..... 8 A. Bosnian Serb Response to Independent BiH ................................................................. 8 B. Territories claimed by the Bosnian Serbs ...................................................................... 9 C. Ethnic separation, the need for ethnically homogeneous territories and genocidal intent ................................................................................................................................... 10 D. Preparation and Implementation of Steps.................................................................... 16 1. The Six Strategic Objectives .................................................................................... 18 2. Establishment of the VRS and MLADI]’s appointment as Commander of the VRS Main Staff....................................................................................................................... 20 3. Implementation of the Six Strategic Objectives....................................................... 20 E. Organs and Individuals Executing the Objectives of the JCE and MLADI]’s Role and Contribution ........................................................................................................................ 22 1. Serb Forces’ Participation in the JCE......................................................................... 23 2. RS Political and Governmental Organs’ Participation in the JCE........................... 37 F. Execution of the Over-Arching JCE and Crimes Committed to Permanently Remove Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats from Bosnian Serb-Claimed Territory .................. 47 1. Eastern Bosnia in 1992............................................................................................. 47 2. The Autonomous Region of Krajina (“ARK”) in 1992............................................ 51 3. Sarajevo Area in 1992 .............................................................................................. 54 III. Sarajevo Campaign of Sniping and Shelling................................................................ 58 A. MLADI] Shared a Common Plan to Spread Terror Among the Civilian Population of Sarajevo Through a Campaign of Shelling and Sniping .................................................... 58 B. MLADI] was a Key Member of a JCE to Spread Terror Among the Civilian Population of Sarajevo........................................................................................................ 60 1. SRK Participation in the JCE ................................................................................... 61 2. KARAD@I]’s Participation in the JCE ................................................................... 62 3. JNA, Crisis Staffs, Paramilitary and MUP/TO Participation in the JCE .................. 62 C. Crimes Committed in the Execution of the JCE to Terrorise the Civilian Population 63 IV. Srebrenica........................................................................................................................ 66 A. MLADI] was a Key Member of the JCE to Eliminate Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica ............................................................................................................................................. 66 B. The Common Plan to Eliminate Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica ............................... 69 C. The Build-up and Attack on Srebrenica enclave.......................................................... 70 D. After the Fall of Srebrenica.......................................................................................... 72 E. MLADI] was a Key Member of the JCE to Eliminate Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica ............................................................................................................................................. 75 F. MLADI]’s Contribution to the JCE to Eliminate the Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica ............................................................................................................................................. 76 1. The killing operation ................................................................................................ 82 2. Attempts to cover up the crimes at Srebrenica......................................................... 89 G. Participants in the JCE to Eliminate the Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica................... 90 H. MLADI] Committed the Crime of Genocide. .............................................................. 90 V. Hostages............................................................................................................................. 93 A. MLADI] was a Key Member of the JCE to Take Hostages in 1995............................ 93 VI. Other Modes of Liability under Article 7(1) ................................................................ 97 VII. Criminal Liability Under Article 7(3) of the Statute ............................................... 101 A. MLADI] was in Effective Command and Control of the VRS, and Forces Integrated and Re-subordinated to the VRS ...................................................................................... 101 B. MLADI] Knew, or Had Reason to Know, that His Subordinates Might Commit and had Committed Crimes ..................................................................................................... 103 C. MLADI] Failed to Take Necessary and Reasonable Measures to Prevent the Crimes and to Punish the Perpetrators. ........................................................................................ 105 Case No. IT-09-92-PT 3 24 February 2012 37472 Annex A: Events in the Municipalities.............................................................................. 109 Banja Luka........................................................................................................................ 109 Bijeljina............................................................................................................................. 111 Fo~a................................................................................................................................... 112 Ilid`a ................................................................................................................................. 115 Kalinovik........................................................................................................................... 116 Klju~.................................................................................................................................
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