EXAS STATE C ENT TXD P 400.8 T717TR 2008 Areasures of the Trans-Pecos Backyard Survey 2008

Sponsored by the Wildlife Diversity Branch -Wildlife Division -Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Participant Information Welcome to the 2008 Trans-Pecos Please print or type Hummingbird Survey! Name: There are still entire counties west of the Pecos River from which we do not receive hummingbird reports! The Hummingbird Workshops that we have held in West Texas Address: and continue to hold in West Texas have helped to make people aware of the survey, but there is still a lot of work to do. You can help! Share your experiences from the Roundup City: with your friends and family - the enthusiasm is contagious, and your excitement gets others involved. West Texas had some great reports of hummingbird diversity in 2006, and we are State: looking forward to more! So pull up a chair, fill your hummingbird feeders and let's watch some . If you do see one of the seven rare species from the state, please Zip: remember to photograph the and send us a written record of what you saw. The form on the insert is intended to make this easier. Good luck and happy birding. County: Observation Tips Telephone: ( ) Even though it would be great to sit by your feeder each day and watch the - you * How long have you been feeding don't have to do that. We do recommend that you set aside a certain amount of time during hummingbirds at this location? convenient intervals (about two hours per week) to observe and then record the highest number of each species and gender observed. Note: Morning coffee and the evening meal _ number of years are good times to watch because the birds are actively feeding at these hours. If you fall short one week, record what you saw and continue on. * Is your residence in a rural or If you think you will have several species over the year, there are a couple of sheets urban area? (check one) you will want to duplicate. See back page for yearly reporting form and page IA, unusual sighting report. Extra copies of these sheets will assure that you have enough for report- * Is your residence on ing all of your finds. less than 1/2 acre 1__/2- 1 acre _ more ( number of acres) optional PUBLICATIONS ON HUMMINGBIRDS Williamson, Sheri L. 2001. Peterson Field Holmgren, Virginia C. 1986. The Way of Guide: The Hummingbirds of North the Hummingbird. Santa Barbara, CA: America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Capra Press. Completed survey forms should be HUMMINGBIRD BOOKLET Johnsgard, P.A. 1983. Hummingbirds of mailed by January 19, 2009, to: Bird Watchers North America. Washington, DC: Digest, Box 110, Marietta, Hummingbird Roundup OH 45750. Reprint. Enjoying Smithsonian Institution Press. Wildlife Diversity Branch Hummingbirds More. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Shackelford, C.E.; M.M. Lindsay, and C.M. Klym. 2005. Hummingbirds of Texas. 4200 Smith School Road BIRD GUIDES College Station, Texas: TAMU Press. Austin, Texas 78744 Peterson, Roger Tory. 1980.'A Field Guide Stokes, D. and L. Stokes. 1989. The to the Birds East of the Rockies. Participants who mail in the completed survey Hummingbird Book: The Complete Boston: Houghton Mifflin. will receive a hummingbird newsletter that will Guide to Attracting, Identifying, and Peterson, Roger Tory. 1991. A Field Guide to summarize the results of the year's survey. Enjoying Hummingbirds. Boston: Little, Western Birds. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Brown and Company. Scott, Shirley L., ed. 1983. Field Guide to (This survey form is printed on recycled paper.) Tyrrell, Esther Q., and Robert A. Tyrrell. the Birds of North America. Washington, 1985. Hummingbirds. New York: Crown. DC: National Geographic Society. (Please circle or check all that apply) Please check habitat descriptions that suit 1) When was the first hummingbird seen in your yard this year? (month/day) / your home and provide elevation information, 2) What species did you first observe this year? if known: (please use abbreviations listed above)

__streamside 3) Was it 1 = male 2 = female 3 = immature 4 = unknown? __mountain __forest 4) What species do you see most often? desert 5) Did you observe a hummingbird in torpor this year? Yes No brushland Date Time Outside temp Cloud cover Precip __urban landscaped for hummingbirds __urban not landscaped Hummingbird Feeders for hummingbirds 6) Do you maintain a year-round feeder? Yes No Approx. elevation above sea level 7) If no, then when did you have feeders up? (month/day - month/day) / - /

8) How many feeders do you maintain on a regular basis and during migration Use these abbreviations for species identification: 9) How often do you change and clean your feeder? 2-3 days 4-6 days 6-8 days RTHU = Ruby-throated BCHU = Black-chinned Hummingbird Fuel RUHU = Rufous BUFH = Buff-bellied 10) If you make your own hummingbird food, what recipe have you been using? part(s) water to LUHU = Lucifer part(s) sugar BLUH = Blue-throated 11) Do you use red coloring in your mix? Yes No MAHU= Magnificent - HARY No . BTLH = Broad-tailed 12) Do you buy your nectar solution? Yes No BEHU = Berylline If yes, what brand(s) do you purchase? ANHIU= Anna's CAHU = Calliope GRMA = Green-breasted Mango Nesting BBLH = Broad-billed 13) Did you see a hummingbird nest in your yard this year? Yes No WEHU= White-eared If yes, a) where was the nest located? tree shrub other (plant species ) VCHU =Violet-crowned b) how far above the ground was the nest built? 0-5 feet 6-10 feet 11-15 feet COHU = Costa's c) did you see any eggs? Yes (1 or 2) No ALHU = Allen's d) did you see any fledglings? Yes (1 or 2) No GRVE = Green Violet-ear e) was the same nest used in a second nesting attempt? Yes No R/A = Rufous/Allen's type 14) Did you observe any hummingbirds in mating flight? Yes No Time of year: Spring (Mar-April) Summer (May-Aug) Fall (Sept-Dec) MISSION STATEMENT The Texas Hummingbird Roundup is a scientific study Hummingbird Gardens through which the Texas Parks yard contains native Texas plants? 0-20% 21-40% 41-60% 61-80% 81-100% and Wildlife Department gath 15) What percentage of your ers information about humming 16) Do you have mature trees in your yard? Yes No birds from the public while disseminating information on Percent cover: 0-20% 21-40% 41-60% 61-80% 81+% their needs. The survey encour to attract hummingbirds to your residence, did you plant in a container garden or ages Texans to maintain natural 17) If you planted habitat for the birds, properly a yard? container garden yard care for hummingbird feeders Annuals Perennials Biennials and record sightings. Your 18) What types of plants did you use? answers will be used to further (circle all that apply) Vines Shrubs Trees our knowledge of the humming birds of Texas andl will help the 19) a) Did you plant the seed packet sent to you? Yes No Wildlife Diversity Branch in its b) Was it successful? Yes No mission to help keel) our tiny visitors returning each year. 20) How is water provided for birds in your yard? none bird bath fountain sprinkler mister other Survey continues on next to last page Texas Hummingbird Diversity Common Texas Hummingbirds and Unusual Sightings Buff-bellied Hummingbird Anna's Hummingbird Texans, more than most Americans, have greater opportunities to view Blue-throated Hummingbird Calliope Hummingbird many different hummingbird species. Because of our state's size and Magnificent Hummingbird Broad-tailed Hummingbird diverse ecology which includes coastal, desert, mountain, tropical, forest Lucifer Hummingbird Rufous Hummingbird and grassland areas, 18 different hummingbird species have been Ruby-throated Hummingbird Allen's Hummingbird reported. Eleven species occur commonly in Texas. If you live in east to Black-chinned Hummingbird north Texas, you will have at least one (maybe two) species during the migratory year. If you happen to reside in West Texas, around the Lower Ifyou see these species outside their usual habitat, a careful Rio Grande Valley or on the Gulf Coast, you are likely to see three or note or completion of the form below would be appreciated. more species routinely. You may even have overwintering birds. Our publi cation, "A Quick Reference Guide to Texas Hummingbirds" will help you determine what species you are likely to see in your area. Unusual Texas Sightings In order for the Wildlife Diversity Program to verify sightings of a rare These birds must be accompanied by a Rare Bird Sighting bird, call (800) 792-1112, ext. 4644. An attached photo will be neces report and photo. sary. Fill out the form below and send it right away. Your description will help biologists determine identification. We will send you a new form. The While these birds are recorded in Texas, their occurrence is Roundup has a new group of volunteers who will be called upon to help rare. Any sightings of these birds should be accompanied by participants identify and document rare birds when necessary. a phone call to (800) 792-1112, ext. 4644 and photographs.

Bird Identification Tips Green Violet-ear Hummingbird Violet-crowned Hummingbird Green-breasted Mango Costa's Hummingbird It is very simple to tell the difference between most adult male and female Broad-billed Hummingbird Berylline Hummingbird hummingbirds. The majority of males have a solid colored tail and the majority of females and immature males have white tips on their tail White-eared Hummingbird feathers. But, there are a few exceptions to this rule. The following species never have white tips on their tails: Green Violet-ear, Buff-bellied Recent studies have shown that unless the bird is in Hummingbird, Broad-billed Hummingbird, White-eared Hummingbird your hand the Allen's and Rufous species are extremely and Violet-crowned On the other hand, both sexes of the Hummingbird. difficult to distinguish. Except for adult males, Blue-throated Hummingbird have white tips on the tail feathers. Immature suspected Allen's Hummingbirds should be reported males of all species will begin to show bright colors on their gorget as Rufous or Allen's types (R/A). feathers in the late summer.

Rare Bird Sighting Report

Call us at (800) 792-1112, ext. 4644. Note: If you have a video camera or a 35mm camera with a long-range lens, take a picture. Pictures and sounds are helpfd for documentation. photo is necessary. For unusual sightings biologists need to know: A

What species do you think you have?

1) Color, shape and length of bill are important:

2) Coloring and markings on throat, top and front of head: Using these diagrams, 3) Color of back and underparts: sinih fiel marks you observed on your 4) Color and movement of tail while hovering: "unusualhummer. Be especially conscientious 5) How long the bird has been visiting your feeder or yard: in describing the colors displayed on the bird. / rounded with 6) Any different sounds made by the hummingbird: Circle appropriate / pointed feather tips tail drawing. Allen's d Name:

Address:

County: forked with pointed slightly forked with deeply forked with rounded with Telephone: (daytime): feather tips normal feather tips extremely pointed normal (blunt) (evening): Ruby-throated d Buff-bellied d + 9 feather tips feather tips Lucifer d Broad-tailed 9

Fill in completely and mail to: Hummingbird Roundup, Wildlife Diversity Branch, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744. Phoocopying this frm is permilled. Attracting Hummingbirds to your Backyard Hummingbird Rehabilitation It's easy to attract these tiny treasures to your backyard. The secret to luring While we do not like to see it, humming birds, like every other , are occa hummingbirds can be summed up in three words: plants, feeders and patience. sionally injured. If you suspect a hummingbird is sick, injured or orphaned, Plants and Trees Hummingbirds seem to prefer a small please observe the animal closely but do not intervene until you are sure the ani Whether you live in the country with lots of limb-perch five to fifteen feet from the mal needs help. space to plant a large, elaborate garden or in feeder so they can eat and then perch to If you observe the injury, pick it an apartment with just a deck or patio, you "guard" the feeder. up and immediately place it in your palm can plant a beautiful garden that will attract and offer it sugar solution from your hummingbirds. * Purchase a bee guard that will keep feeder. It may revive quickly and soon While hummingbirds feed on a wide flying pests, such as bees, wasps and fly away. If variety of plants, they seem to prefer feeding yellow jackets, away from the feeder. you must shelter the bird, it is important that a wildlife rehabilitator at flowers that are brightly-colored and fun These protective screens are big enough to be called immediately. Please visit nel-shaped. Orange and red flowers are high allow hummers to feed, but help keep air www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/ on hummingbirds preference list, but hum borne pests away. rehab/ for a list of licensed rehabbers. mers will feed from other nectar flowers Place the bird in a small box, protect it regardless of their color. When choosing flow * Buy feeders that are easy to clean and do from injury and disturbance, and keep it ers, select a variety of plants that will provide so often to prevent the growth of mildew in a warm location (birds DO NOT like air a profusion of blooms from early spring and harmful bacteria. In warm weather conditioned rooms!). Thank you for your through fall and winter. Pay attention to clean your feeder every 2-3 days. The concern and for helping us ensure that as where and how your flowers are planted. warm sun causes the sugar solution to many of these birds as possible can be Planting groups of flowers in different loca spoil more quickly, which can pose a risk returned to their natural environments. tions in your yard will help reduce conflicts to feeding birds. (Using a boiled sugar between the birds feeding in your yard. solution will help retard spoilage.) Trees provide perches and also harbor that are important hummingbird food. * You may want to purchase a feeder Hummingbird Gardening Even small trees can break up the space so equipped with a perch. Hummingbirds If you would like information on gardening the birds can establish several territories. will use a perch to feed, allowing you a for hummingbirds and other wildlife, call or Larger trees may provide nesting sites. If you chance to view the bird more easily. write for "Texas Wildscapes" (512) 389-4644. By participating in this program, property have the space, plant a native tree today. However, there is no evidence to suggest that feeders with perches are more attrac owners receive information on how to pro tive to the birds. Feeders without perches vide the basics of food, water and cover for Feeders wildlife. See enclosed form to order. Using a hummingbird feeder is also a great tend to exclude other birds. way to increase the chance of seeing a hummingbird. There are several things to * Your feeder will not prevent humming keep in mind when purchasing and using a birds from migrating; it will give hummers feeder. The following points will make your a place to stop and refuel on their way backyard feeding station more hospitable for south. Keeping your feeder active all year the hummingbird. is advised.

* When selecting your feeder, make sure it Patience does not drip. A leaky feeder attracts ants Your patience and hard work luring your first and other feeder pests. Note: Your feeder hummingbird will pay off the first time you is more likely to drip if you fill it with see the tiny creature swiftly flying and feed cold sugar-water mixture and place it out ing in your garden or at your feeder. These side when the weather is very hot. inquisitive little birds will provide you with great delight and amazement as you watch * Hang your feeder high enough that cats their airborne acrobatics and feisty antics. cannot jump to catch the hummingbirds. The Wildlife Diversity Program recommends The feeder should not be in direct sun that Hummingbird Roundup participants use a This beautiful 10" full-color identification light all day. Do not hang the feeder feeder in conjunction with a garden. By pro wheel will help you recognize each of the close to patio doors or picture win viding a feeder and flowering plants, you can hummingbird species found in Texas and dows that reflect the flowers, trees help provide a habitat for hummingbirds and North America. The front of the wheel has and sky, as the hummingbirds are ensure that they visit your home time and color illustrations and descriptions of 16 North American hummers. The back likely to crash into the window as time again. contains more information on other hummer they dart away from the feeder. species, a nectar recipe and fun humming bird facts. Your purchase of the wheel will help fund research, habitat conservation and 2008 Texas Hummingbird Roundup Credits: The Texas Hummingbird Roundup is a project management for these enchanting birds. of the Wildlife Diversity Branch. Special thanks to Georgia Department of Natural Resources. See enclosed form to obtain this The Texas Hummingbird Roundup is coordinated by Project Coordinator, Mark Klym. hummingbird wheel. Tips on Tricky Hummingbirds Low light or poor angle situations make hummingbird identification a challenge - especially when the books tell you to look for the colorful gorget on the male which is almost never seen. There are other observations you can make to help in identification of these birds. Some of them are set up here in combinations with the birds they are often confused with.

Black-chinned Ruby-throated Bill Length - Long - often half again the width of the head - Moderate - about the width of the head Wing Length and Shape - Long, club-shaped wing extending to the tip of the " Shorter, tapered wing extending less than the length tail of the tail Tail Shape - Forked, but not as sharply as the Ruby-throated - Deeply forked Behavior - Pumps tail when hovering " Tail almost still when hovering

Magnificent Blue-throated General Characteristics Large dark bird, seems slower moving - Large dark, seemingly slower bird Bill Characteristics Very long, straight black bill - Shorter, straight black bill Tail Shape and Color - All dark colored tail, adult female will have small - Oversized black tail. All birds will have large white white corners on an otherwise green upper tail, corners on an otherwise black upper tail. Oversized Tail fan shaped tail appears rounded Back Colors Uniform green coloration from top of head to tip of - Green from top of head to top of tail. Tail black tail

Berylline Buff-bellied General Characteristics - Dark green overall with rufous tail - Dark green overall with rufous tail Bill Shape and Color - Orange red lower mandible with some black on the - Red bill tipped with black. Some report juveniles upper mandible as a juvenile. Black recedes as an have a black upper mandible which recedes to a adult black tip Belly - Gray belly - Buffy belly Tail and Rump - Rufous tail with purple black uppertail coverts - Rufous tail with bronze green uppertail coverts Wing Color - Rufous wings - Dark wings - green to black

Calliope Archilochus Young General Characteristics - Small bird present September-February - Birds will be the same size as adult Ruby-throated or Black-chinned. Present June-October Tail - Short, squared tail - Forked tails longer in both species Gorget - STRIPED or streaked rosy red - Will be spotted with some spots more dominant than others, usually dominant to the center of the throat Bill - Short, thin bill - Much longer, typical length for adult Ruby-throated or Black-chinned Sound - Pale buffy - Gray

Broad-tailed Ruby-throated General Characteristics - Larger green bird with white breast and rosy red - Average sized green bird with white breast and ruby throat on male red throat on male Tail - Long, broad tail - Average length forked tail Coloration - Will have a lot of rufous on top of tail, flanks buffy - No rufous, very little buff on flanks Sound - Male makes a shrill trill sound when in aggressive - Wings make typical humm sound flight

Anna's Costa's Bill - Short, straight bill " Short slightly curved bill lead - Red crown and throat with a white eye ring " Purple crown and throat with long flared gorget and white eyebrow Female Head - Gray cheeks and throat, green crown separated by " Gray cheek separates white throat from green cap slight white over eye band Wings - Do not extend to tip of tail " Project just beyond tip of tail Size - Slightly larger bird " Average sized hummingbird

General Tips Do not attempt to guess the bird's size - use a comparison to common hummingbirds. Notice bill color, shape. Notice wing lengths. Do not rely on behaviors unless they are known to be consistent. Rufous/Allen's - unless you get a good look and photo of the spread tail assume it is Rufous. Do's and Don'ts of Feeder Care West Texas Hummingbird It is important that chemicals such as insecticides and repellents are not used on or around your feeders. They can be Plant Last harmful to the birds, even if not applied directly to the area where birds feed. Remember that hummers also eat some insects, and may Deciduous Perennial Wildflowers: Trees: perch anywhere on or around your feeder. Try to minimize the use of Desert willow Yellow columbine chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers all over your yard. Waferash, Hoptree Indian paintbrush New Mexico locust Purple conef lower Ant moats and bee guards for feeders are inexpensively Lantana purchased and easy to make as well. Many of our participants Semi Evergreen Shrubs: Cardinal use them and they are very effective. This is the safest way to reduce Fairy duster Showy menodora pest problems. Autumn sage Colorado four-o-clock It is extremely important that you change the old solution in Plain's penstemon your feeder and clean it out as often as possible. We recommend Cacti and Succulents: Rock penstemon that you clean it at least every 2-3 days on a regular basis and more Agave Scarlet bugler often in hot weather! Many of our Roundup participants report chang Hedgehog cactus Cardinal penstemon ing the solution nearly every day - this is excellent! Bacteria and Harvard penstemon fungi love a hot sugar solution and can be toxic to your birds! Vines: Wright's penstemon Boiling of nectar solution before placing it in the feeder can Trumpet vine Mallow help retard the spoilage. Keep in mind that boiling is not a Snapdragon vine method for complete sterilization. Food left in the feeder should Evergreen Shrubs: be discarded and nectar should never be re-used. Deciduous Shrubs: Ocotilla Flame acanthus Red yucca * Red food coloring is unnecessary in hummingbird nectar and Dwarf anisacanth Violet silverleaf may be harmful to the birds. The red color on the feeders is Flaxleaf bouchea Cenizo enough to attract these birds. Hummingbird plants and a wildscaped Scarlet bouvardia Chihuahuan sage yard will enhance the attraction. Desert bird of paradise Sierra bouquet Use 1 part regular household sugar in 3 to 4 parts water only Canyon sage Houdini never use honey or sugar substitutes! Mountain sage Cimarron Yellow trumpets * Some of our participants have reported using cooking oil Annual Wildflowers: around feeder ports to deter flying insects. We do not recom Ground Cover: Scarlet gilia mend this practice. If you must continue to use this method, be very Pigeonberry Blue trumpets certain that no oil actually enters the feeder holes where it may con Canyon sage taminate the nectar or coat the bills of the hummingbirds. It is very convenient and enjoyable to have your hummingbird feeder near a window where you can view the hummers easily (and share your observations with us). However, if you have had incidences of birds flying into glass windows, there are many possible solutions. Move the feeder to an area where there is less glass to create the reflection of grass, trees, and sky which con fuses hummers and other birds. Place stickers, pictures, or other items on windows to draw their attention to the barrier. * Make sure that your feeder is placed in a safe area, away from cats and other pets.

3 Y

Hummingbirds of Texas with their New Mexico and Arizona Ranges Clifford E. Shackefcrd, Made M. L ndsay, and C. Mar Klym

} (A~do ci ou,4 c. ril4, olrr~

www.tamu.edu/upress 21) Have you observed hummingbirds using the: bird bath fountain sprinkler mister other

22) List in order of frequency the five plants hummingbirds used most often in your yard. 2008 Overwintering Observations Uanuary-February 2008)

ANUARY WEEK OF SPECIES M F J Jan. Feeder Pests & Other Users 1-6 [11 23) List the species other than hummingbirds that used your feeder this year. total hours observing Jan. 7-13

total hours observing Jan. 24) Did you see a hummingbird moth at your feeder or flowers this year? Yes No 14-20 [ 3 1 25) Did you observe a hummingbird being attacked? Yes No total hours observing If yes, a) where? at feeder at flowers perched in flight b) what? bee/wasps cat dog hawk oriole roadrunner other Jan. 21-27 [41 Identification Guides total hours observing

Jan. _ 26) List any hummingbird identification guides you used (title and author): 28-31 151 total hours observing

Overwintering Observations FEBRUARY WEEK OF SPECIES M F J 27) Did any birds visit your feeders during the months of January and February? Feb. Occasional visits Repeated visits No visits 1-3 [51 Comments and Questions total hours observing Feb. Add any other comments or questions you might have regarding this year's survey. 4-10 [61

total hours observing Feb. 11-17 [71 total hours observing

Feb. 18-24

[81 total hours observing

Feb. 25-29 191 total hours observing Hummingbird Observations Note: Please record your best idea of the number of individuals coming to your feeder. MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY WEEK OF SPECIES NI F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J Mar. Apr. May June July 1-2 1-6 1-4 1-8 1-6 [9] [14] [181 [22] [26] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing

Mar. Apr. May June July 3-9 7-13 5-11 9-15 7-13

[10] [151 [19] [23] [27] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing

Mar. Apr. May June July 10-16 14-20 12-18 16-22 14-20 [11] [16] [20] [24] [28] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing

Mar. Apr. May June July 17-23 21-27 19-25 23-30 21-27 [12] [17] [21] [25] [29]

total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing Mar. Apr. May July 24-31 28-30 26-31 28-31 [13] [18] [22] [30]

total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing

AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER WEEK OF SPECIES M F IJ WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J WEEK OF SPECIES M F J Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1-3 1-7 1-5 1-9 1-7

[31] [35] [39] [44 [ [48] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 4-10 8-14 6-12 10-16 8-14 [32] [36] [40] [45] [491

total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing

Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 11-17 15-21 13-19 17-23 15-21

133] [37] [41] [46] [50] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 18-24 22-30 20-26 24-30 22-28

[341 [38] [42] [47] [51 _ total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing Aug. Oct. Dec. 25-31 27-31 29-31

[351 [43] [52] total hours observing total hours observing total hours observing Note: Example: Use these abbreviations: You can record 2-3 species THE UNIVERSITY CF TEXAS-PAN AMERICAN MARCH RTHU = Ruby-throated CAIHU = Calliope on this form. Please copy BCHI = Black-chinned GRMA = Green-breasted Mango if needed. WEEK OF SPECIES MI F J RIJHU = Rufous BBLII = Broad-billed S1 11 0864 4430 I Mar. RTHU 3 BUFH = Buff-bellied WEIIU = White-eared M = male LtHU = Lucifer VCIIU = Violet-crowned F = female 1-4 BCHU 1 BLIIH = Blue-hroated COllt = Costa's MAHU = Magnificent ALHU = Allen's J = juVenile unknown 4 BTH = Broad-tailed R/A = Rufous/Allen's type Record unknowns total hours observing BEHU = Berylline GRVE = Green Violet-ear as shown. ANHU = Anna's PWLJ 57 wYQOC (10/07)