15. Mostra Internazionale di Architettura Eventi Collaterali

STRATEGIES FOR TRANSFORMING CROSS-BORDER REGIONS

Revitalization by Reconciliation is more than an exhibition. Beyond being a platform for shared knowledge, it is a laboratory for strategic interventions based on an integrated approach for urban development, social cohesion and renewed civic participation.

The exhibition invites the public audience to explore how spatial design can challenge a new IBA LEGACY vision for European Regions, by reconciling fragmented territorial layers and historical frames IBA Germany into a revitalized meaningful unity. In that sense the Querini Stampalia Foundation stands as a symbol. As Scarpa’s architecture reworked the existing EUREGION MEUSE-RHINE space, “Revitalization by Reconciliation” composes territories in a comparable way. IN TRANSITION

By presenting the Dutch approach and the border IBA Parkstad and indeland as interface, between land and water or between nations, curator Jo Coenen considers that “Reporting from the Front” is the right stage to reflect on COASTAL PERSPECTIVES overcoming constraints of the crisis, thinking beyond the dichotomy of top-down and bottom-up solutions. AND INNOVATIVE

The initiative will result into a contribution to the DEVELOPMENTS European Week for Regions and Cities in Bruxelles, in North Holland at the moment the European Commission is looking for efficient models for urban development.

The current cross border projects in Netherlands STUDENT are presented in the exhibition supported by INTERNATIONAL an historical overview of the IBA phenomenon (Internationale Bauausstellung). STUDIO EVENTS REVITALISATION BY RECONCILIATION

1 THE ART OF BLENDING

Jo Coenen concludes that The ®MIT research programme, during the past few decades with Jo Coenen as scientific we have been subjected to an director, stands at the epicentre unpredicted dynamic process of of the current debate in social and cultural change due architecture and construction. to such factors as digitalisation, The transformation of existing globalisation, commercialisation, buildings now accounts for IBA LEGACY individualisation, and the around two thirds of architectural like. This is associated with an activities, from the renovation 1901– TODAY enormous need for novelty and of private dwellings up to at the same time with a strong complex assignments with regard need for security and the growth to integral city renewal. The of organisations dedicated to the fundamental change of the set preservation collide violently with of assignments of the architect one another, while if they worked and the growing complexity of INTERNATIONALE 1901 MATHILDENHÖHE DARMSTADT together they could produce the professional practice require BAUAUSSTELLUNG magnificent results. It is important a new form of engineer’s art: the 1927 WEISSENHOFSIEDLUNG STUTTGART to think in terms of both art of blending. A GERMAN METHOD 1952-1956 STALINALLEE transformation and continuity; to think about the existing and of Inaugural lecture delivered on April 19, 2006 by Prof. Ir. Jo Coenen on his IBA is a concept that has built up a 1957 INTERBAU ways to graft strains successfully acceptance of the chair of Professor of great reputation in Germany. IBA on to it. Restoration in the Faculty of Architecture at 1984-1987 IBA BERLIN Delft University of Technology. (Internationale Bauausstellung - International Building Exhibition) 1989-1999 IBA EMSCHER PARK began at the start of the 20th 2000-2010 IBA FÜRST-PÜCKLER-LAND century as an exhibition for modern 2000-2010 IBA STADTUMBAU SACHSEN ANHALT architecture, but has since grown into a powerful creative model that 2006-2013 IBA HAMBURG provides a significant economic, 2010-2020 IBA BASEL social, and cultural impetus within regions aiming at transition or 2013-2020 IBA PARKSTAD transformation, such as Parkstad. IBA 2012-2022 IBA HEIDELBERG FROM LOCAL symbolizes the high-quality projects 2013-2023 IBA THÜRINGEN that make a significant contribution to TO TRANSNATIONAL this transformation and transition. ASPIRING STUTTGART AND VIENNA STRATEGIES REVITALIZATION BY RECONCILIATION 1901 MATHILDENHÖHE Creating an artists’ colony In 1899, Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig founded the artists’ colony Europe is the relevant and necessary scale at in the Mathildenhöhe. He invited various artists to work together to develop and implement forward-thinking ideas which to think our future. Citizens, politicians, about construction, housing, and society. Within just two years and designers carry a transnational claim for (in May 1901) an exhibition opened in Darmstadt entitled ‘Ein Dokument Deutscher Kunst’ (a Document on German Culture). democracy and new ideas in spatial design. This was the first architectural exhibition to gain an international By Yvette Masson-Zanussi reputation as a product of the ‘Arts and Crafts Movement’.

THE IBA METHOD of their outcomes, limit them reconciliation is particularly require new visions and flexible order to adapt to unpredictable It must be considered by cross to their specific area. However, revealing of the horizontal links processes. By inspiring beyond circumstances. While the current cutting research programmes once networked, they show the that are being experimented their local context, it expresses approach advocates innovation in order to demonstrate which emergence of a real movement throughout Europe. Thus, it is what would also be the highest by insisting on constant renewal new processes are adapted that faces common needs, and at the European level that this form of a share knowledge of practices that are doomed to contemporary needs and tackles contemporary difficulties phenomenon needs to be read platform, in a time when Europe to obsolescence, research aspirations. Faced with the of architectural and spatial and theorised. The Venice Event is being questioned. There must connect actors across inadequacy of usual top down design. The IBA method provide and IBA Studio proposals not must be room for research and Europe who undertake a form of solutions, regional and cross evidence of the possibility of a only reflect the questioning of experimentation in the design of multipolar action that responds border initiatives in Europe are transnational process working the political, social, economic, living environments, to build on to regional concerns, inventing inventive. They question old towards the construction of a cultural and ecological dimension what Bourdieu has called “cultural new means; thus to create a processes, divert paths and common good, in which research of IBA method in cities and capital”, in other words the sum possibility for mutual inspiration. bypass obstacles, meanwhile must contribute, for two reasons. territories, but also the aim to of all non-financial social assets Networked, experiences can empowering citizens, researchers, First, because their experimental ease the way for replication in of societies (Bourdieu 1979) as provide research with a common and professionals to design mechanisms, once discussed at similar contexts. The process a lever for innovative urban and ground of European scale that innovative answers for future a European level, are a valuable launched at Biennale Architettura political design in local, national can be a testing ground for lifestyles. The IBA method resource for the academic 2016 objective is not a simple and cross border governance possible futures. This is what the embodies visionary thinking, debate informed by common best practice exchanges, but frameworks. Where common top- European Union is eager to, at creates fluidity by bending and denominators. And then, in order to find a place into the political down trends aim at optimizing this moment of the Netherlands tweaking the rigidity of usual to be visible and effective, to debate that should include new practices that have been Presidency of the Council of the design procedures, and is an make one’s voice heard, these readings and new accounts, as considered effective, research European Union is embarking example of such a phenomenon. strategies must be promoted well as the possibility for political and experimentation can think for the first time of its History The regional dimension of IBA’s by structuring a network. The and academic collaborations of radically new practice. Indeed, Cities and Urban Authorities with initiatives might suggest that their revitalization of depressed at European scale simply our living environment demands operational programmes, titled relevant scale, and the scope urban and regional areas by because contemporary issues that we develop our capacities in the Pact of Amsterdam. Entryway structures at the Artists’ Colony in Mathildenhöhe, 1901

2 3 1927 WEISSENHOF SETTLEMENT 1957 INTERBAU

Modernism Propaganda and education In 1927, an exhibition on housing was held in Stuttgart ‘Interbau 57’ was a propaganda tool and a prestige project under the auspices of the Deutscher Werkbund. The aimed at demonstrating the West’s superiority over its eastern aim was to exhibit new types of home for the first time neighbours. The further aim of the project was to familiarize at both national and international level. Seventeen post-war architects with the new ideals of modern international internationally-renowned architects from five European architecture. The Hansaviertel area is nowadays an architectural nations – all representing the modernist style – were statement of modern reclamation work, underpinned by a commissioned by artistic director Ludwig Mies van der purely functional building style. Rohe, to build and design the interiors of 21 model homes for the Weissenhof Settlement.

Hans Scharoun, detached house, 1927

Federal President Theodor Heuss next to the model View of the Congress Hall under construction (as part of Interbau); the Reichstag of the Hansaviertel neighbourhood, 1956 building in the background, 1957

1987 ALTBAU AND NEUBAU: URBAN RENEWAL AND CRITICAL RECONSTRUCTION

1952 STALIN ALLEE Renewal of the historic city centre In deliberate contrast to Interbau 57, IBA Berlin 1987 focused National programme for the reconstruction of the on the rediscovery of a city centre that had been devastated by German Democratic Republic (GDR) war and the building of the Berlin Wall. A ‘critical reconstruction’ Stalin Allee became the backbone of the capital of the (IBA Neu) and ‘careful urban renewal’ (IBA Alt) was planned for GDR. Taking inspiration from the many talents of Karl the western side of the Wall – two different approaches to urban Friedrich Schinkel, the construction of monumental development that in part overlapped each other and in part ‘citizen palaces’ incorporated historical style elements. were in direct contrast with each other. ‘German architects will only succeed in their mission if Neubau IBA planning zones (red): south Friedrichstadt, south Tiergarten, Prager Platz, they build attractive buildings with regal dimensions Tegeler Hafen and thereby keep focus on national interests’ (Neues Deutschland).

Altbau IBA planning zones (red): Luisenstadt and the Kreuzberg SO 36 area

1989 EMSCHER PARK Stalinallee Landscape and infrastructure for the future More than 50 projects throughout the entire region have contributed to the huge jigsaw puzzle that is the Emscher Park. This is the first time in the history of the architectural exhibitions that the theme of ‘landscape planning and landscape architecture’ has been so much to the fore. IBA Emscher Park exemplifies a new, innovative approach to former industrial regions and locations throughout the world.

Duisburg­Nord Landscape Park photo: Siegfried Dammrath, loaned by Duisburg Marketing GmbH

Competition for the design of Stalinallee, 1st prize: Egon Hartmann collective, 1951

Zollverein wood, Essen photo: Thomas Mayer/Zollverein image database

4 5 2000 FÜRST-PÜCKLER-LAND 2006 IBA HAMBURG

The site of the former power stations of the GDR presents The distress call from its residents gave rise to one of the the largest ‘landscaping project’ in Europe. Where there biggest city development projects in Europe: Hamburg were once vast expanses of open-cast mines, there is now a IBA searched the centre of Hamburg for answers to the 14,000-hectare area of new waterscapes in the largest area of most important issues facing a modern city. Up to 2013 and artificial lakes in Europe. beyond this has resulted in the fulfilment of 70 projects in Wilhelmsburg, the largest inhabited river island in Europe; in Veddel; and within the inland port area of Harburg.

Landscape created by open­pit mining photo: Petra Petrick

Graebendorfer See diving school photo: Detlef Hecht

2000 SACHSEN ANHALT

The central theme of this IBA was the issue of contracting cities. It was the first international architectural exhibition in Germany that focused on an entire region of a country. It involved 17 towns and cities within the federal state of Saksen-Anhalt, each with a specific theme. The goal of this IBA was to draw up a report on urban renewal at state and local level and thus to initiate landmark projects for urban generation with a focus on demographic change and economic transformation.

01 | Less is More 02 | Planning by Profiling By optimising their use of resources, small and medium­sized towns IBA Stadtumbau 2010 develops projects and strategies in coordination can drive their level of development forward. They must focus on what with the participating towns. This helps small and medium­sized towns in is essential and develop a technical development profile and tailored particular to strengthen their economic and social foundations. On the structural­planning models and strategies based on the cooperative basis of regional and local resources and specialist expertise, each town division of labour. must develop its own distinctive profile and improve its status by creating­ sustainable projects and market sectors.

03 | Pooling Potential 04 | Understanding Complexity The increasing polarity between metropolitan areas and their pe- Urban redevelopment strategies must recognise the town as a complex ripheries forces structurally weak areas in particular to engage in space. The possible courses of action available are diverse. Urban rede­ effective forms of cooperation in order to effectively tap the available velopment is not just restricted to structural or planning aspects, but con- potential. With this in mind, the IBA is devoting its attention to current cerns the diverse economic, cultural and social facets of a city. European and na­tional regional planning models and to the chances these may offer for small and medium­sized towns in Saxony­Anhalt. Wilhelmsburg’s former air raid bunker has been transformed into a symbol of the “Renewable Wilhelmsburg” Climate Protection Concept. Having languished almost unused since the end of World War II, the monument has now been renovated during the IBA Hamburg and converted into a power plant using renewable forms of energy, with a large heat reservoir. This supplies the Reiherstieg district with climate-friendly heat, while feeding renewable power into the Hamburg distribution grid.

Hegger Hegger Schleiff HHS Planer + Architekten AG, Kassel

6 7 Parkstad is a region of the Netherlands that has seen a continuous transformation since the closure of the mines in the 1970s. The big operation to change ‘black to green’ has changed the physical look of the region as well as in socio-economic terms. 11 large mining sites have been transformed into green environments with housing IBA PARKSTAD and workplaces. EUREGION MEUSE-RHINE IN TRANSITION It is a regio with a strong demographic shrinkage. Now a renewed call is being made on the resilience of the region. The IBA (internationale Bauausstellung) fenomenom has been introduced upon the area which will result in a final exhibition in 2020.

For the first time in history the International Bauausstellung (Building Exhibition) or IBA takes place outside of Germany, in the South of the Netherlands. IBA is a large-scale applicable strategic urban design instrument for transformation, that has proved itself to be a long-term impulse for a region.

2012 2013 2014 2015 2015

IBA initiative is introduced to the 8 Agreement signed for Open Call for projects. Round Table discussions with Open Call results in 300 proposals. The Big Bang: IBA meets IBA exhibits the chosen of the region and its growth was 1 Market & Economy municipalities that make up Parkstad IBA Parkstad 2020. participants form the region are held announcement of the selected projects, the criteria and methods released. 2 Heritage, Monuments & Churches The IBA organisation is set up and the province of Limburg. They to analyse current situation of cultural 5 innovation themes help with the projects. for realisation in context of the the 3 Shopping Streets, Centres & Ribbons in 3 divisions. IBA Practical, the agree on implementing the first IBA heritage, objects, urban landscape selection of the proposals: The specific 9 areas, the 7 Changing For organisational purposes 4 Housing & Care core team that steers the projects Spatial analysis of the Region outside of Germany in 2020. infrastructre and mobility, energy Flywheel gives momentum to the Work Houses and the 9 Development 9 Development Councils have 5 Sustainable Living Environment and the processes involved. IBA results in the IBA Diagram with the information care and manufacturing Parkstad region. Councils. been initiated that deal with the 6 Education & Talent Development Academy aims to elevate projects 7 zones that characterize the region. industry, education, expression In front of the backdrop of the major themes and turn them into 7 Culture & Expression and initiatives to a higher level A tool and method to enhance the and art, Leisure tourism and city historic IBA’s. Pilot Projects: 8 Active Landscape through research and innovation in selected projects in their specific marketing. The IBA Handbook with analysis of 9 Dismantling & Space for Experiments collaboration with Universities. IBA contexts. the 6 overlaying historical structures Public has the main task of mobilizing the public and creating opportunities.

UNDER 3 CONSTR 1 UCTION 2 iba MANUAL IBA parkstad 2012-2020 PARKSTAD LIMBURG SUMMER 2015 7 4 9

8 6 5

8 9 If you visit Parkstad now, you can see a sea of houses embedded In Parkstad, IBA is the art of re-inventing the visible and tangible A CRUCIAL MOMENT in a decor of green undulating and rural silhouettes. Outside, sources of inspiration, such as the once powerful monuments hamlets and small centres are nestled as if time has grinded to as cooling towers, shafts and examples of new architecture Jo Coenen - Curator IBA-parkstad a halt. The scenery with its stream valleys, farmsteads, castles during the mining period, which formed the face of the region, and church spires reminds one of times gone by and blends into and furthermore, of providing clear boundaries and orientation In my memory the life of roughly fifty years ago was the pastoral hills of Southern Limburg, the German Rodebach within the urban landscape. The IBA Parkstad Diagram is a spatial conveniently arranged. Transportation by bicycle, bus or area and the Eupense landscape. Unlike a historical city as tool serving as a means for recognisability and chargeable with occasionally by train. Fields, church, market and pub were Aachen which has grown organically, the city landscape of the identity. organically interrelated with shafts, slagheaps and a first former mining area is polycentric and amorphous and distinctive community. Together in a unity of work and daily life. boundaries are absent. There were sophisticated examples of architecture, usually connected with the mining business. Cooling For example, growing up in the umbrageous Nuth, Hoensbroek towers, shafts and chimneys excite the imagination. and Heerlen, I remember the large families, the village barber, the baker, butcher, workshops of metal- and woodworkers and the local dance hall. We went to Heerlen (the nearest City) by bike or by bus. Through fields, hollow roads, passing farmsteads, castles, brooks and communities. In the background the silhouette of the mines with their white wisps of smoke and black slagheaps. In front of our door the locomotives and innumerable coal-filled wagons kept coming and going loudly. From my bedroom window I was treated with the sight of an immensely large, cylindrical gasholder of corroded steel. Processions were parading through the fields; passing golden yellow cornfields, flowers and chalk drawings on the street. Fun fairs in the marketplace. Friday fish day. And Monday washing- State Mine Emma day. Pigeons and zebra finches in the aviaries around the back, where the laundry was drying on the clothesline. Bringing in coals from the stable, butter, milk and fruit from the cellar.

Overnight the region where once time seemed to stand still, changed into a hyperactive centre, where labourers from all imaginable directions where imported double-quickly in order to – lightning-wise - mine the coals from the ultramodern collieries. Eventually modern residential areas with large-scale infrastructural incisions were rapidly – as some sort of foreign body- introduced to offer quick and efficient solutions for the explosively fast growing region, branded by the pragmatic masterpieces of the civil engineers. It was the rise of the mechanic worldview, the organic one disappeared. By now, besides the remains of the mining past, also all traces of the pastoral life have been thoroughly wiped out and exchanged for contemporary neighbourhoods with brushed-up standard semi-detached houses, luxury houses with through-rooms and modern shopping centres with their contemporary anonymity, rut and ICT-boredom. Only at the fringes, in the connection with the surrounding green hills, we still find here and there the unchanged and authentic pastoral atmosphere.

There were examples of innovative architecture, often linked to the mining company. Cooling towers, shafts and chimneys stirred the imagination. Today the catching photographs of Werner Mantz, the picturesque tableaus of Fons Haagmans / Harry Koolen, but also the powerful constructions of Laurens Bisscheroux or the representation of the mining labour that is such an essential theme in the literary oeuvre of Wiel Kusters, still Painting by Harry Koolen bear witness thereof. The mining period was – in retrospect - good for the expression. THE PARKSTAD DIAGRAM It was and still is a goldmine for artists and designers and the The diagram is a spacial appealing expression plays an important role in the quest for the tool serving as a means for new architectural-urban development recognisability of Parkstad. recognisability and Let is also be a source of inspiration for the administrators with chargeable with their upcoming decisions on the future of Parkstad. identities.

2015 2016 2020

The physical space was divided and understanding where these 7 Changing Work Houses: location The elements come together in 50 into 9 Development Areas where have been disturbed, revealed the and tool for exchange of knowledge pocket maps. contributions to the plan were areas in need of new orientation and and to enable the political desire for The implementation phase has combined. These areas have been reconciliation. actual bottum-up development. Public started. defined through research on the Participation is garantied. territorial Framework of Parkstad. By overlaying the three most important structures from the past

10 11 Photo by Werner Manz of the cooling towers designed by engineer Frederik van Iterson for the mine Emma in Heerlen the Netherlands.

12 13 development proposals and external impulses; to develop structural improve the sustainability and in particular the economic functioning projects in suitable locations; and to create a sound basis in the form of the entire indeland region. of an overall concept for applying for subsidies and guiding private investments. Now more than ever, the potential for the transfer of knowledge and technology between the research centres in Aachen and Jülich and PLANNING PROCESS AND INVOLVEMENT the local and regional parties in education and business can be easily The indeland master plan process had a broad scope from the outset, utilized. in that the municipalities affected and the relevant actors in the region (including the mining companies and the district government All in all, the indeland region has a very good foundation for INDELAND of Cologne) were directly involved in the extensive preparation and sustainable development in the future. It is the joint responsibility of EUREGION MEUSE-RHINE IN TRANSITION discussion process. In that regard the master plan is a joint effort the local actors to take advantage of this foundation. on the part of the many parties who contributed their knowledge, Autor: Herr Bröker professional expertise, and experience and provided the project with Preparing the orientation framework for the long-term spatial an important impetus. development of the indeland region entails examining the strategic plans on different spatial and textual levels and concretizing their Creating the future in the brown coal At the conclusion of this preparation and discussion process, in implementation. mining region addition to making the necessary political decision, an agreement was reached regarding the following steps to take. The master plan After carrying out an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of In 2006, the cities of Eschweiler and Jülich, the municipalities of should be understood as an ongoing process and it is not intended the indeland region, it was possible to deduce the opportunities, Aldenhoven and Inden, and the adminis-trative district of Düren, to be a static instrument (in terms of either content, spatial use, or potential, obstacles, and risks for various areas of activity. This formed all located in the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia, organization) culminating in this report. With an eye to continuity and the founda-tion for indeland’s new mission statement. entered into an intermunicipal cooperative agreement in the form sustainability, it must be regularly updated, and the time plan must be of the development company indeland GmbH. Their goal was to extended forward as appropriate. The areas of activity are defined as follows: utilize joint regional development with a focus on the future in Indeland is also open to other partners who are facing similar • Business and labour order to address the continuous structural changes in the region , challenges in their future development. • Education, training, research, and science and this goal is still pertinent today. Indeland benefits from its outstanding location between the three • Residences and living Rhenish urban centres of Cologne, Düsseldorf/Mönchengladbach, and • Development of the medium-sized cities Eschweiler and Jülich The initial approach to the implementation of the intermunicipally Aachen, as well as from its proximity to the Netherlands and Belgium. • Resource efficiency and energy coordinated development was set out in the master plan ‘Inden Water This region is quickly and relatively easily accessible to a vast number • Mobility Landscape Park,’ which was successfully executed within the context of people. Of course, there are many others who are unfamiliar with • Open space of the economic development incentive programme EuRegionale the region or who have a negative opinion of it. • Recreation, free time, culture and sport 2008. In 2010 indeland underwent an organizational, spatial, and • Thinking and acting from an intermunicipal and regional thematic expansion when the city of Linnich and the municipalities of The region’s particular distinguishing characteristic is the Inden lignite point of view Langerwehe and Niederzier joined the organization. open-cast mine, which will remain active until 2030. On the one hand, this mine is an important employer and economic factor. On There are five guiding principles paving the way for the future CHALLENGES the other hand, the cessation of coal production could create a clear implementation. The goals and measures laid out The focus of the longterm intermunicipal cooperation within indeland economic and social vacuum. The recultivation process is creating, for each of the areas of activity are the core of the master plan. is the revitalization, added value, and accentuated restructuring of the and will continue to create, a new landscape offering outstanding post-mining landscapes in the vicinity of the lignite open-cast mines opportunities to establish a forward-looking agriculture industry, The changing parameters - demographic, economic, technological, Inden and Hambach. This region faces particular challenges in the attractive nature and recreation areas, and structures in industry, trade, and climatic - provide the opportunity to cooperate at the form of the expected cessation of lignite open-cast mining in 2030 and and the service sector that are geared to these developments. The key intermunicipal level in order to give active shape to these changes. lignite-based power generation in 2045, the planned development to future success lies in transcending thinking from a merely local point The goal is to create an attractive, dynamic, and economically of large relic lakes on the basis of the lignite mining plans, and the of view. The collaboration between smaller, more rural municipalities successful region. strategic reorientation of the energy industry. Particular attention must with neighbouring medium-sized cities offers the opportunity to be paid to future changes in groundwater levels after the cessation of open-cast mining activities.

At the same time, the challenge confronting the cities and municipalities in the indeland region is to take the response to ongoing or expected changes in the parameters for local and regional MISSION STATEMENT development and incorporate, at a conceptual level, the imminent The municipalities in the indeland region are striving for structural changes. These parameters include demographic changes, resource-efficient development, which they aim to make changes to the structure of agriculture and business, changes to socially balanced, environmentally and climate-friendly, mobility, climate change, and scarcity of resources. These will all have and economically successful by carefully developing the a significant influence on the way in which we live, work, travel, and distinctive characteristics of this area. enjoy our free time. ESTABLISHING A LONG-LASTING CONNECTION BETWEEN TO CONTINUE TO SUSTAINABLY DEVELOP THE For this reason it is essential that the conditions for a future-proof THE INDELAND REGION AND ITS RESIDENT AND POTENTIAL OF THE INDELAND REGION’S EDUCATIONAL transformation process be created now rather than waiting until the WORKING POPULATION AND RESEARCH FACILITIES WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF relic lakes are being filled. The goal of the intermunicipal design THE EUREGIO MEUSE-RHINE is to formulate mutual goals against this background, so that the • Adapting early to the continuously changing circumstances opportunities offered by the structural changes can be utilized and relating to today’s active open-cast mining and • Developing technology transfer conflicts regarding spatial use can be recognized and dealt with early developments of the future lake landscape. • Intensifying collaboration with regional research and on. • Utilizing the opportunities of a modernized region educational institutes on all levels EACH GUIDING • Utilizing the potential of the Indesee lake and future lake • Focusing on sunrise industries This process, together with the development of the Inden relic area, as well as the research and education facilities • Adopting innovative approaches in order to secure lake, will serve as both a laboratory and a model for the later • Ensuring a high quality of life in all urban areas educational institutes across the region PRINCIPLE HAS A restructuring of the neighbouring Hambach and Garzweiler post- • Building on the current offer for leisure, local recreation, and mining landscapes. In this way, the indeland region gives an important activities for day visitors TO BECOME A MODEL REGION FOR A RESOURCE- COMPREHENSIVE impulse to the implementation and completion of the structural • Memory of the cultural heritage of the mining which has changes in the Innovationsregion Rheinisches Revier (Rhine district EFFICIENT ECONOMY shaped the landscape innovation region, IRR). In the context of these development activities, CATALOGUE OF • Utilizing the high-quality soil in agricultural activities, yet in indeland recognizes the conditions for regional and land use • Preservation and development of the region’s natural capital line with the guiding principle development and interprets and concretizes these conditions within and cultural facilities Connecting the changing mobility options OBJECTIVES AND the framework of the region’s particular circumstances and challenges. • The measures are implemented in accordance with statutory TO PROACTIVELY MANAGE THE STRUCTURAL CHANGE • Implementing measures in terms of sustainable energy and regulations such as nature conservation or water rights. TO THE REGION’S ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND SCENIC heat supply, with corresponding comprehensive energy- MEASURES FABRIC OF THE REGION FOLLOWING THE END OF COAL- efficiency measures The indeland master plan creates an intermunicipal framework for MINING ACTIVITIES • Developing a resource-efficient building culture (e.g. Factor orientation to the imminent structural changes and paves the way in an X sustainable accommodation project) organized fashion for the necessary preconditions for this process. The • Establishing companies that are fit for the future master plan provides prospects and guiding principles for the region. • Creating attractive workplaces in knowledge-based TO DEVELOP A TRENDSETTING, RESOURCE-EFFICIENT, By furthering the intermunicipally agreed joint development activities research and development, agriculture with upstream and AND ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY INFRASTRUCTURE in the region, the plan contributes to the creation of a regional identity. downstream trade partners, freetime activities and tourism In addition to creating a foundation for harmonizing the individual in the future sectors of energy, environment, materials, and • Utilizing a modern infrastructure as created by replacing the municipal landuse plans and laying out the preliminaries for a future logistics. infrastructure that has suffered due to mining activities land-use plan common to all municipalities in the indeland region, it • Ensuring stable employment no matter the level of • Preparing the housing market and infrastructure for can also improve effectiveness by functioning as an informal and self- demographic change and new target groups contained long-term development plan. Moreover, the master plan qualification • Achieving quality improvement in terms of construction, provides the opportunity to harmonize, coordinate, and combine local • Strengthening the craftsmanship and trade of SMEs by implementing measures to secure labour operation, and stock renewal and conversion 14 15 WATER/LAND THE DUTCH APPROACH IN NORTH HOLLAND

New standards are being set when it NORTHSEA COAST encouraged local companies to developments in accordance A new dune and beach reinvest in tourism products. This with governmental public comes to strengthening the coastline of landscape was created for the will make the coast even more participation policy. As part of the DutchProvince of Noord-Holland. We existing dike in the north-west of attractive to both residents the coastal reinforcement tender, theProvince of Noord-Holland. and tourists. the regional water authority and are incorporating urban designs, water As a result, eight kilometres of the contractor set up the Alliantie management, and socially relevant issues coastline between Camperduin The coastal reinforcement Markermeerdijken (‘Markermeer in an innovative and comprehensive way and Petten was reinforced with 35 tender challenged contractors Dikes Alliance’). This type of million m3 of sand and extended to improve the quality of the tender facilitates collaboration in our ongoing process to improve almost one kilometre out to sea. new dunes and beaches for and innovation between water safety. This is comparable with twenty the benefit of both tourism and government and contractors. The football stadiums filled with nature. The plan was developed regional parties will develop a Authors: Bert Kappe, Mathea Mevissen and Hans Eikelenboom sand. This new sandy coastline in consultation with national and spatial programme parallel to the has helped to revitalize coastal regional governments, nature coastal reinforcement project to villages and their surroundings, conservation organizations, improve the quality of the area which in turn has improved their residents, and entrepreneurs. behind the dike as well. socio-economic structure and These parties also drew up a The combination of public spatial quality programme with participation and the newly approximately fifty projects that founded alliance will create The company indeland GmbH is aim to construct new footpaths the ideal conditions for the involved in a variety of projects, and cycling paths, renovate development of a safe and existing village squares, create dynamic region for fifty years as commissioned by the local new nature areas, and boost the to come. authorities, including: tourism sector. The area now includes a lagoon and a tall dune We are pushing several • The development of the 'Masterplan indeland' (Master plan that offers panoramic views. boundaries: the boundary for the indeland region) between land and water; the At the exhibition we will show you relationship between principal • Temporary use concept for the Indesee lake how the new beach and dune and contractor; the relationship • 'Factor X' sustainable accommodation project in Eschweiler landscape was created and how between the involved disciplines; governments and contractors and the role of companies • Indeland-Haus (a participant in the climate change initiative collaborated with regional and and residents. 'KlimaExpo.NRW') local entrepreneurs and nature conservation organizations to The strengthened Markermeer • Initiatives for industrial and commercial spaces (e.g. Campus develop and implement fifty dike will become the new Merscher Höhe intermunicipal commercial area) projects that aimed to redesign coast of Lake Markermeer and • JUFA Jülich Energiewelt Indeland im Brückenkopf-Park the area behind the will enhance the boundaries (JUFA resort in Brückenkopf Park), Energeticon, and Science new coastline. between land and water. This will College create more room for tourism, MARKERMEER DIKES biodiversity, experimental • Investments for the further development of the anchor The Markermeer dikes that stretch climate adaptation, socio- points: Goltsteinkuppe spoil tip (Indemann), Blausteinsee 50 kilometres between Hoorn cultural impulses, a revitalization artificial lake, Brückenkopf-Park Jülich (climbing garden and Amsterdam are not strong of the regional identity, and a and camper site), Sophienhöhe artificial hill and Niederzier enough to protect the Province stronger regional economy. An municipality (Café Restaurant Sophienhöhe), Langerwehe of Noord-Holland against integrated coastal and regional railway station (development into information point) flooding. We will incorporate development plan like this the experiences at the North Sea one will also provide a socio- • Marketing of indeland (indeland triathlon, Radaktionstag coast in our plans to reinforce the economic impulse for the region. cycling event, Landesgartenschau Zülpich [Zülpich beach Markermeer dikes. With tourism and garden event], and summer firework event) on the rise in Amsterdam, we are facing interesting challenges and • Further development of renewable energies (including a 65 opportunities. This increase in million euro investment in indeland wind farm) tourism should not compromise • Application for EU funding within the LEADER programme the attractiveness of the region. In fact, our approach to coastal • Using commercial activities to create new perspectives (e.g. reinforcement and spatial 'indeland' brand licensing as part of the construction of a development aims to enhance retirement home) the overall attractiveness of the area.

We plan to take things one step further with the Markermeer dikes by giving local residents and entrepreneurs the opportunity to play a more active role in the

Markermeerdijken, village of Uitdam 16 17 STUDENT INTERNATIONAL STUDIO

Student International Studio ecology, heritage, existing Parkstad understood as part 10 participants of the International Student Studio, constitutes an experimental buildings, industry or culture. By of a broader cross border curated by Prof. Jo Coenen partnership initiative between establishing connexions between region (Germany, Belgium, European Academies to the existing, it redesigns the Netherlands). The workshop will 1. IUAV ISTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO DI ARCHITETTURA support new methodologies territory allowing it to become take place between June and and tools for spatial and more than a sum of functional September in Venice, hosted 2. POLIMI POLITECNICO DI MILANO urban design within the elements, and to reformulate its by IUAV Istituto Universitario 3. SAPIENZA UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA Internationale Bauausstellung identity. In complex and rapidly Architettura of Venezia. By 4. ESA PARIS (IBA) context. The aim is to changing environments such as showing the new developments establish a shared platform europe’s territories, the project of the current IBA Process, it is 5. IBA ACADEMY PARKSTAD of knowledge, presenting its provides an experimental tool for meant to be a representative • PEP HOLLAND activating forms of transformation of what would be a repeatable results to the attention of the • MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY / HOGESCHOOL ZUYD European Commission for that make sense. More than that, model for Cross-Border Regions Cities and Regions, nowadays cross border strategies can be and declining urban areas at • TU DELFT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY involved in promoting a new a powerful framework to reflect the international Platform of • TU EINDHOVEN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Urban Agenda for sustainable on overcoming constraints of Venice Biennale. The results and growth and policies’ the crisis, thinking beyond the Policy Recommendations of this • RWTH AACHEN innovation. dichotomy of top-down and Workshop will be presented • UNIVERSITEIT HASSELT bottom-up solutions inside during the European Week of A specific key issue, which can national borders. Cities and Regions in Brussels be relevant for the EU context in October, organised by the and IBAs (Parkstad among other The Students International Committee of the Regions and current and future IBAs), is about Studio aims to contribute in the European Commission, shared policies and common that: enforcing an expertise addressing European Authorities programs of transformation network for Cross Borders (10-13 October 2016). The in Cross Border Regions. The Strategies in European Spatial results will after also be exhibited opportunity to reflect on this Design. According to the main in Venice (November 2016). more general issue is given by themes and issues of past, For Parkstad the objective is the exhibition Revitalization by current and future IBAs, the to enlighten a new narrative Reconciliation. In that sense also International Studio, initiated made by re-composition of the the experience of IBA Parkstad by Prof. Jo Coenen, aims to fragmented urban landscape, Creating a sandy coast near Petten is seen through a transnational involve Academies, Cultural reconciling over impressed and lens of observation as part Institutions and future generation layered territorial frames into a of the former mining region of professionals for constructing revitalized meaningful unity. It A PERSPECTIVE ON A SAFE AND EVENTS between Belgium-Netherlands- cooperation within the spirit of also regards the development DYNAMIC MARKERMEER COAST We’re planning a course / Germany, as part of the future a common knowledge network. of an operational exemplary IN 2040 competition for students on the ‘Grünmetropole’, as part of the The International Studio, then, is method to address urban cross- North of Amsterdam we are theme of the interface between Euregio Meuse-Rhine. The cross- more than a workshop, with the border regional problems jointly developing a metropolitan water and land and between border approach focuses on objective to form alliances on a and to disclose new economic landscape: beautiful, attractive, urban and rural. The Waterland regional development restoring European level, by constituting an growth potentials. protected against water, and area as a tabula rasa: how would (former) European communities, international Panel of Academies. Almost 10 universities from climate-resilient. This area will you design this region with all its beyond national borders. Not just as a case study, Bringing the cross-border issue Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, but as a widely applicable include lively villages with functionality? into the public debate on a France and Italy will interact working method to face urban adequate facilities that offer a European level might mark the and support IBA’s processes of problems at large by setting wonderful place to live and work. Furthermore, in autumn, we will starting point for a reflection on transformations as well as interact up smart territorial schemes It will become an area that is facilitate a discussion between the means to overcome physical, on the EU board for the European and processes. Iba Parkstad open and accessible to the 25 politicians, scholars, experts, economical, administrative, Commission for Cities and Region can be seen and used as an The Flywheel, with its five innovation themes, gives million tourists per year that visit and architects on the issue of or bureaucratic barriers and acting on the urban agenda for example of the way inter-regional `Schwung´ (momentum) to the Parkstad region. the Amsterdam and Schiphol area water safety in relation to area obsolete practices. In contrast to future development of urban collaboration contributes to and to the one million residents development and improvement many current approaches that areas, as exemplar initiative. a better understanding of the that call this metropolis home. of quality of life and biodiversity. work on territories, cross-border In the short term (2016) the potential of cities in realizing a Improving spatial quality will In the Netherlands, several events processes share territories. By organization of a research new, vital urban economy and a workshop constitutes the start help to transform the coastal area will take place in the next six doing so, the regions mobilise socially, ecologically and spatially a wide range of its resources, of the STUDIO. The workshop sustainable development. and its historic coastal villages months. Reports will follow in the such as landscape, infrastructure, has its main focus in IBA into a catchment region. All of next few issues of this paper. this will be achieved without Village harbour at Markermeer compromising the quality of life of current residents. input output opinion, satisfaction new ideas & solutions, and participation of programmes & laws At the exhibition we will show you citizens political system how special this landscape is, and knowledge creation output political & legal capital we will explain the stairs leading a new quality of life input high investments in up to the wall – the process- with the eduction system creation of sustainable artistic impressions of city beach innovation and legal frameworks Hoorn and of the Markermeer media-based and education system culture-based public innovation sustainable innovation dike in Waterland. knowledge creation Circulation of knowledge knowledge creation a new balance development sustainable with nature2™ knowledge human capital The Quintuple Helix innovation model stresses the necessary information and social capital innovation reducing carbon output socio-ecological transitions of societies and economies in the emissions high-skilled twenty-first century.

green human capital innovation technologies

and knowledge input input sustainable values new green lifestyle natural environment economic system and ideas output knowledge creation knowledge creation green know-how natural capital economic capital

output input high-quality economy & new protecting the environment kind of free market economy & new jobs and growth

The Waterland dike in spring

18 19 FONDAZIONE QUERINI STAMPALIA EXHIBITION LOCATION

Querini Stampalia is situated north of the Piazza San Marco in the Laguna Venezia. The two Biennale precincts Arsenale & Giardini are indicated at right.

Location Fondazione Querini Stampalia Castello 5252 Campo Santa Maria Formosa 30122 Venezia tel. 0412711411

Zooming in Querini Stampalia is located at the square of Campo Santa Maria Formosa Graphic design by Studio Kernland & Robin van Hontem & Robin Kernland design by Studio Graphic

20