EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER -1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 GENERAL

Coal is an important infra-structural input and a dominant source of energy in India accounting for 54% of the country’s primary energy needs. The quality of coal plays an important role in environmental aspects during its use especially in power plants. Due to drift origin of Indian coal, ash content is quite high and coal seams have dirt bands of carbonaceous nature. High ash content in coal causes environmental pollution apart from reducing plant efficiency and adding the cost of coal transportation per unit calorific value. Further ash disposal is itself a difficult task with adverse environmental impacts, MoEF Gazette Notification, G.S.R. 02 (E) dated January 02, 2014 on coal supply to power plants located between 500-749 KM, 750-1000 KM shall be supplied with and shall use raw or blended or beneficiated coal with ash content not exceeding 34 % on quarterly average basis w.e.f June 05, 2016 and January 01, 2015 respectively while power plants located beyond 1000 kms from pit head shall be supplied with and use raw or blended or beneficiated coal with ash content not exceeding thirty four percent on quarterly average basis with immediate effect (i.e. Jan 02, 2014). Thus it is imperative that coal is beneficiated before use not only for value addition but also as environmental mitigation measures. A review meeting was taken by Honourable Minister of State (Coal) in January 2007 at CIL (HQ), Kolkata. In the review meeting, Coal India Limited (CIL) decided that all opencast mines with an annual capacity of 2.5 MTY or more, not linked to any pithead power house, should have provision for setting up coal washery with state-of-art technology. These proposed washeries are to be set up on Build, Operate & Maintain (BOM) concept. Keeping in view the above decision, MCL has intended to install 4 nos. of washeries in Ib Valley & Talcher Coalfields. Accordingly, MCL awarded the job for preparation of CR (Conceptual Report) for setting up of Hingula Washery at Talcher Coalfield on Build, Operate & Maintain basis to M/s Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd. (CMPDI) vide letter no. MCL/ HQ/ 3206/ CP&P dtd 19.02.08. Thereafter, in the review meeting with Director (T), CIL held on 08.08.2008 at Kolkata it was discussed and agreed by all concerned present in the meeting that to expedite the works for setting up of coal washeries.

1.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The proposed Hingula coal washery will be located in the lease hold area of Balram OCP of Hingula area of MCL and its capacity shall be 10.0 MTY. The proposed project will receive coal from of Hingula-II expansion OCP of Hingula Area, MCL. The raw coal ash content of Hingula-II expansion OCP is in the range of 38.5 ± 4%. This ash content is proposed to be reduced to 33.5 ± 0.5% after washing in Hingula Washery for use in thermal power stations. It is planned for two product namely clean and reject. Washed coal shall be transported from Hingula washery to the silo (4000t) near railway siding by 2x2000 TPH covered conveyor belts of length 400m. The reject from the washery shall be to be transported from washery to reject site (area 10ha) by

I-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) covered conveyor belt of length about 760m. In the 155th meeting of Board of Directors of MCL held on 05.022014, the Board approved the sale of rejects from Hingula washery of MCL either through e-auction or MOU route. This was in line with the 75th meeting of CMDs held on 07.05.2013 wherein it was decided that EOI shall be floated to sell the reject from the proposed washeries.

The proposed washery shall be set up on Build, Operate & Maintain (BOM) concept. Build, Operate & Maintain (BOM)” concept refers to the system in which finance for setting up of plant will be made available by CIL/ MCL to the selected bidder as in the case of turnkey basis. The scheme envisages planning, design & engineering, selection of necessary equipment & machinery, procurement, delivery, erection/ installation, testing, successful commissioning of coal washing plant including PGT with two years’ critical spares and all allied activities as well as its subsequent operation & maintenance for supply of washed coal of requisite quality at the designated delivery places and disposal of washery rejects on BOM concept. Freedom of selection of efficient, cost effective and state of art technologies lies with the BOM operator. The BOM operator will be responsible to produce washed power coal with the quality specification laid down by MCL. However, ownership of raw coal fed to the washery & products of washery shall lie with MCL. BOM operator will be paid washing charges as per mutually agreed terms & conditions for operating & maintaining the washery till the entire contract period. The contract period for operation and maintenance for Hingula washery shall be 10 years. The washing of coal will lead to improvement in performance of power plant, reduction in particulate emission, reduction in load on Railway Network and reduction in handling and transportation cost of coal and solid waste.

Customer for Washed Coal of Hingula Washery The prospective customer for washed coal & distance from washeries is given here under:

Sl. No Prospective Customer Location (State) Distance (Kms) 1 TANGED Co. Tamilnadu > 1000 2 KPCL Karnataka > 1000 3 NTPC Andhra Pradesh 500-749 4 WBPDCL West Bengal 500-749 5 Sesa Sterlite Ltd Odisha < 500 6 GMR Kamalanga Energy Ltd Odisha < 500 7 Adani Power Ltd Gujrat > 1000

Rejects would be sold through e-auction or MoU route as it has gross calorific value in the range of 1000-2000 K Cal/Kg.

Present Status The tender for setting up of Proposed Hingula Washery on BOM basis has been finalized. M/S Monnet Ispat and Energy Ltd.(MIEL)has been identified as L-1 bidder.

I-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The purpose of the EIA/EMP Report is to apply for grant of environmental clearance for the proposed Hingula Washery (10.0 MTY) from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of Indiain view of EIA notification 2006 dated 14th September’06. The proposal of terms of reference (TOR) was discussed in EAC meeting held on 13th December, 2013. Subsequently the Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India (MOEF) issued TOR vide letter No. J- 11015/67/2013-IA.II(M)dated 31-01-2014 for obtaining environmental clearance for Hingula Washery (10 MTY) of MCL.

It is envisaged that the proposed washery will run as per the approved washing technology offered by M/s MIEL for washing raw coal @10.0 MTY. The balance of product is given below::

Table 1.1 : Balance of products

Product Size (mm) Yield% Ash % A. Washed Coal i) Beneficiated Coal 40 - 10 60.60 32.15 ii) Untreated coal - 10 28.50 36.35 Sub Total (A) 40 – 0 89.10 33.5

B. Rejects 40 - 10 10.90 80.8

Grand Total (A) + (B) 100.0 38.50 (Raw Coal)

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

1.3.1 Location of Proposed Washery

MCL has identified land adjacent to the proposed Railway siding of APGENCO Washery for construction of Hingula washery and the same is under possession of MCL. The proposed site for washery is within the leasehold area of Balram OCP and in between OB Dump & Railway siding of APGENCO. Initially, land of 30 Ha (600m length & 500m wide) at Balram Opencast Project in Hingula Area was identified by MCL for the proposed washery. From the Surface Plan of Balram Opencast Project in Hingula Area, it is quite evident that a seasonal nallah is flowing through the proposed land. Moreover, a part of OB Dump is also falling under the identified area of proposed land. In light of the above, CMPDI team & MCL authorities jointly decided to ascertain exact area of usable land suitable for setting up of the washery with length & breadth excluding the seasonal nallah & part of the OB dump those were falling under the proposed land. Hence, the proposed site for Hingula Washery was finalized within an area of 17Ha, situated in the lease hold area of Balram OC Extension Project, which falls between latitudes 200 56’02’’ N & 20058’ 28’’ N and longitudes 85002’ 52’’ E & 85006’ 57’’ E. An

I-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) additional land of 10 Ha has been finalized for temporary storage of reject located at a distance of about 760m from the proposed washery site. The entire land for washery is non-forest, non-agricultural and is non-coal bearing. Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of Hingula Washery Project based on Satellite Data of the Year 2013 is enclosed as Plate no. 8 in the EIA/EMP report.

Barren and scrubland of core zone

1.3.2 Communication

Talcher is the nearest town located at a distance of 19 km from the eastern most boundary of Kalinga Block. The Talcher-Gopalprasad road passes through the central part of the area. The nearest rail-head is Talcher Railway station, which is the terminal station on Cuttack-Talcher branch line of East Coast Railway. The distance of the station is about 16 km from the eastern boundary of block. Distance of the National Highway no. 42 from the boundary is about 12 km by shortest route via Ambapal & Angul.

New approach roads will be constructed in and around washery site for connecting it to the existing road network of the area for transportation of men and material.

1.3.3 Topography & Drainage

The proposed land is predominantly soil covered. The altitude/ contour of the proposed washery site vary from 126 m to 130 m above MSL.

There is no river/ Nala beside washery site. Main drainage of the coalfield is controlled by perennial Brahmani River (flowing North-South) at the eastern boundary of the coalfield and east of Talcher Town. The Kalinga Block is located at the crow-fly distance of 15 km to the west of this river. There is one seasonal nala, Bangaru Nala, that originates within the Kalinga East Block and flows from SW to NE and finally drains into Brahmani River.

I-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 1.3.4 Climate & Rainfall

The area experiences a sub-tropical warm temperature. The mean annual precipitation over a period is 1277 mm, out of which 70% occurs during rainy season. The annual rainfall in 2009-10 & 2008-09 were 1692 mm & 1816mm respectively. The mean temperature varies from 6.70 C to 45.50 C. The annual average mean wind speed recorded at Angul Meteorological (IMD) station is 2.5 kmph, whereas the monthly mean wind speed ranges between 1.8 kmph (October) & 3.4 kmph (June). The season-wise prominent wind direction in this area for monsoon, post monsoon, winter & pre-monsoon cyclone seasons are from SW, NW & NE; NW & NE; NW, NE & SE and NW, SE, NE & SW respectively. The average relative humidity varies from 25% in March & April to 82% in August.

1.4 SOURCE AND TYPE OF DATA

This report has been formulated using various data from the following sources: Table – 1.2 Sl.No. Type of Data Sources 1 Technology and Process M/S Monnet Ispat and Energy Description Ltd.(MIEL)

2 Environmental data including Base line data generation for meteorological data and air quality meteorological data and air, noise, data. water, and soil quality carried out by Richardson & Cruddas Ltd., Chennai 3 Land use/ cover mapping of core Satellite Imagery Map showing & buffer zone Land-use prepared by CMPDI. 4 Flora and fauna Survey Report prepared by Richardson & Cruddas Ltd., Chennai 5 Socio-economic study Census data 2011 & House hold survey carried by Richardson & Cruddas Ltd., Chennai 6 Characteristics of Raw coal, Coal Preparation Lab., CMPDIL, Washed coal & Washery rejects Ranchi 7 Analysis for Heavy metals Environment Lab. of CMPDIL, Ranchi

1.5 THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS PROJECT TO THE COUNTRY & REGION

Benefits at National Level

i) The Washery will produce environmental friendly clean coal to minimize the pollution levels. ii) It will reduce volume of coal transportation which will reduce pollution.

I-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) The washery will wash 10.0 MTPA of power grade coal to be used in power plants thus resulting in savings to the national exchequer.

 Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the energy loss as inert material passes through the combustion process.  Increased plant availability.  Reduced investment cost.  Reduced operation & maintenance cost due to less wear and reduced cost for fuel and ash handling.  Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs.  Less impurities and improved coal quality.  Reduced load in the air pollution control system.  Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off  Reduction in the generation of fly ash quantity at the user point by using washed coal in place of coal  Revenue contribution to government/local bodies and local area development activities

Benefits at local level i) The project will create employment opportunities both for skilled and semi- skilled persons in the area.

ii) Business opportunity in Secondary & Tertiary sectors will increase.

i) The proposed washery project will also bring about enhanced socio-economic benefits to local population due to expenditure on CSR activities

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – DETAILS OF REGULATORY SCOPING CARRIED OUT (AS PER TERMS OF REFERENCE)

Based on the application, presentation made and discussions held, the Committee prescribed the following TOR (vide letter no.J-11015/67/2013-IA.II(M) dated 31-01- 2014:

TOR Details at Para Prescribed TOR Page No./Sec No. Particulars i A brief description of the plant, the technology used, The source of coal, The mode of transport II-1 to16 Chapter-2 of incoming unwashed coal and the outgoing Sec:2.1, 2.2 & washed coal. Specific pollution control and 2.6 mitigative measures for the entire process. V- 1-12 Chapter-5 Sec:5.0 to 5.7

Plate No. 4, 6A, 6B,6C, 6D, 6E, 6F &9

I-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TOR Details at Para Prescribed TOR Page No./Sec No. Particulars ii The EIA –EMP report should cover the impacts and management plan for the project of the V- 1-12 Chapter-5 capacity for which EC is sought and the impacts Sec:5.0 to 5.7 of specific activities on the environment of the region, and the environmental quality-air, water, land biotic community etc. through collection of Chapter-10 1-7 data and information, generation of data of Sec:10.1 to10.4 impacts for rated capacity if the washery is captive to a coal mine/TPP/Plant the cumulative Plate No. 6F& 9 impacts on the environment and usage of water should be brought out along with the EMP. Annexure 1to 7B iii A study area map of the core zone and 10km area of buffer showing major industries/mines Chapter-4 IV-35, 37 & 39 and other polluting sources, which shall also Chapter-5 V-7 indicate the migratory corridors of fauna, if any and the areas where endangered fauna and plants of medicinal and economic importance are Plate No found in the area. If there are any ecologically 2A, 2B, 7 & 8 sensitive areas found within the 15km buffer Annexure zone, the shortest distance from the National 7A & 7B Park / WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc should be shown and the comments of the Chief Wildlife Annexure 10 A10-2 to A10-5 Warden of the State Government should be (Questionnaire) Sec: III, IV, V furnished. iv Collection of one-season (non–monsoon) primary Annexure 1-5 base-line data on environmental quality - air (PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx), noise, water Plate No. 10A,10B &10C (surface and ground water), soil. v Detailed water balance should be provided. The break-up of water requirement as per different II- 6-8 activities in the mining operations vis-à-vis Chapter-2 Sub Sec: 2.1.7 washery should be given separately. Source of water for use in mine, sanction of the competent

authority in the State Govt. and examine if the

unit can be zero discharge including recycling Plate No 6F and reuse of the waste water for other uses such as green belt, etc. vi Impact of choice of the selected use of V- 1-12 technology and impact on air quality and waste Chapter-5 generation (emissions and effluents). Sec:5.0 to 5.7 vii Impacts of mineral production, transportation, handling , transfer and storage of mineral and V- 4-6, waste, if any, and their impacts on air quality Chapter-5 Sec:5.3, should shown in a flow chart with the specific V-12-13 points where fugitive emissions can arise and the Sec 5.7 specific pollution control / mitigative measures proposed to be put in place. Plate No 4, 6A, 6B &9

viii Details of various facilities to be provided for the II- 10-12 personnel involved in mineral transportation in Sub Sec: Chapter-2 terms of parking, rest areas, canteen, and 2.2.2.1,2.2.2.3 effluents/pollution load from these activities. II – 15-16

I-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TOR Details at Para Prescribed TOR Page No./Sec No. Particulars Examine whether existing roads are adequate to Sec 2.5 take care of the additional load of mineral [and rejects] transportation, their impacts. Details of workshop, if any, and treatment of workshop Plate No 5 effluents. ix Impacts of CHP, if any, on air and water quality. II- 6-8 A flow chart of water use and whether the unit Chapter-2 Sub Sec: 2.1.7 can be made a zero-discharge unit. Chapter-5 V- 3-6 Sec:5.2 to 5.3 Plate No 9 x The Details of green belt development. II- 11 Chapter-2 Sub Sec: 2.2.2.2 V- 6 Chapter-5 Sec 5.3 Plate No 5 xi Including cost of EMP (capital and recurring) in X-7 Chapter-10 the project cost. Sec:10.4 xii Public Hearing details of the coal washery to include details of notices issued in the newspaper, proceedings, /minutes of pubic Annexure 10 A10-15 to A10- hearing, the points raised by the general public (Questionnaire) 17 and commitments made in a tabular. If the Public Sec: XVIII Hearing is in the regional language, an authenticated English Translation of the same Annexure 9 should be provided. xiii Status of any litigation / court cases filed / Nil pending on the project. xiv Submission of sample test analysis of ; i) Characteristics of coal to be washed – this includes grade of coal and other characteristics - ash, S and heavy metals including level of Hg, II- 12-13 Chapter-2 As, Ph, Cr etc. Sub Sec:2.2.3 II) Characteristics and quantum of washed coal. III) Characteristics and quantum of coal waste rejects. xv Management / disposal / use of coal waste II- 13 Chapter-2 rejects. Sec: 2.3 xvi Copies of MOU/Agreement with linkages (for Chapter-1 (for I-2 standalone washery) for the capacity for which Washed Coal) Sec 1.1 EC has been sought. Chapter-2 (for II- 13 Coal Reject) Sec: 2.3 xvii Submission of sample test analysis of:; Characteristics of coal to be washed this includes II- 12-13 grade of coal and other characteristics -ash, S.. Sub Sec:2.2.3 Chapter-2

I-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TOR Details at Para Prescribed TOR Page No./Sec No. Particulars xviii Corporate Environment Responsibility: i) The Company must have a well laid down CIL Corporate Environment Policy approved by the Board Environmental of Directors. Yes Policy, 2012 (Available on CIL website) ii) The Environment Policy must prescribe for Sec 2-3 Page 5 standard operating process/procedures to Sec 8 Page 10 bringinto focus any of infringements/deviation/violation of the Yes CIL Corporate environmental or forestnorms/conditions. Environmental Policy, 2012 (Available on CIL website) iii) The hierarchical system or Administrative Order of the company to deal with environmental X- 2, issues and for ensuring compliance with the Chapter-10 Figure 10.1 environmental clearance conditions must Sec: 10.2 befurnished. iv) To have proper checks and balances, the company should have a well laid down systemof reporting of non-compliances/violations of Page VI – 8-9 Chapter – 6 environmental norms to the Board of Directors of Sec 6.7 the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large.

Specific Conditions Details at

Particulars Page No./Sec

i Stacking of rejects should not be done for a II- 13 longer period. Details of stacking of rejects be Chapter-2 Sec: 2.3 submitted. ii Proponent may examine the possibility of utilizing II- 13 rejects for utilizing in the FBC power plant Chapter-2 Sec: 2.3 iii Details of linkage of raw coal to washery should II- 9 be submitted. Sec: 2.2.1 Chapter-2 II- 16 Sec 2.6 Plate No. 4 iv Details of water consumption be submitted II- 6-8 Chapter-2 Sub Sec: 2.1.7 Plate No. 6F v Coal transportation shall be by closed conveyor II- 16-18 belt to washery and Rly. Siding. Chapter-2 Sec: 2.6

Plate No. 4

I-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.0 GENERAL

The proposed Hingula coal washery will be located in the lease hold area of Balram OCP of Hingula area of MCL and its normative capacity shall be 10.0 MTY. The proposed project will receive coal from of Hingula-II expansion OCP of Hingula Area, MCL. The raw coal ash content of Hingula-II expansion OCP is in the range of 38.5 ±4%.

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

2.1.1 Name of the Project

Hingula Coal Washery (10.0 MTY), Hingula Area, MCL.

2.1.2 Type of the Project

The proposed project will receive coal from of Hingula-II expansion OCP of Hingula Area, MCL. The raw coal ash content of Hingula-II expansion OCP is in the range of 38.5 ± 4%. This ash content is proposed to be reduced to 33.5 ± 0.5% after washing in Hingula Washery for use in thermal power stations. It is planned for two product namely clean and reject.

2.1.3 Objectives

The main objective of the proposed Hingula Washery shall be to meet the statutory requirements of MoEF (MoEF Gazette Notification, G.S.R. 02 (E) dated January 02, 2014) on coal supply to power plants located between 500- 749 km 750-1000 km to be supplied with and shall use raw or blended or beneficiated coal with ash content not exceeding 34 % on quarterly average basis w.e.f June 05, 2016 and January 01, 2015 respectively, while power plants located beyond 1000 km from pit head to be supplied with and shall use raw or blended or beneficiated coal with ash content not exceeding thirty four percent on quarterly average basis with immediate effect (i.e. Jan 02, 2014).

There is adequate demand of washed coal of Hingula Washery from the thermal power plants. Hence Washed Coal / Clean Coal from this plant will be linked to different power plants.

The prospective customer for washed coal & distance from washery is given here under:

Sl. No Prospective Customer Location (State) Distance (km) 1 TANGED Co. Tamilnadu > 1000 2 KPCL Karnataka > 1000 3 NTPC Andhra Pradesh 500-749 , 4 WBPDCL West Bengal 500-749 5 Sesa Sterlite Ltd Odisha < 500 6 GMR Kamalanga Energy Ltd Odisha < 500 7 Adani Power Ltd Gujrat > 1000

II-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Rejects generated from the washery would be sold through e-auction or MoU route as it has gross calorific value in the range of 1000-2000 K Cal/Kg.

The Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plan (EIA & EMP) report has been formulated to carry out beneficiation / washery operation in an eco-friendly manner.

2.1.4 Life of the Project

The balance mineable reserve of Hingula-II expansion OCP as on 01.04.2010 is 505.10 Mt. As on date, balance life of Hingula-II expansion OCP available for operation of the Washery is 33 years. Considering about three years development period for getting approval from various statutory bodies and for construction & commissioning of washery, the coal will be available for about 30 years from Hingula-II expansion OCP. Life of the washery has been taken as 18 years for computation of economics keeping in view the life of the major equipment to be installed for setting up of washery. However, the life of the washery shall be about 30 years.

2.1.5 Land Description, Requirement and Ownership

A total of 17 Ha land is required for proposed Hingula Washery and 10 Ha land is required for temporary storage of Reject. Hingula washery will be located at Balram Opencast Project in Hingula Area in the Talcher Coalfield of MCL in Angul district of Odisha state. The site of proposed washery is situated in the Balram OC Extension Project i.e. Kalinga West Block which falls between latitudes 200 56’ 02’’ N & 200 58’ 28’’ N and longitudes 850 02’ 52’’ E & 850 06’ 57’’ E and the land is in possession of MCL. The major portion of the land for proposed washery is barren/scrubland and no nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery. Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of Hingula Washery Project based on Satellite Data of the Year 2013 is enclosed as Plate no. 8 in the EIA/EMP report.

Barren and scrubland of core zone

The Map showing general location, specific location and project boundary and project layout has been shown in Plate No. 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2B, 3 & 5.

II- 2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

2.1.6 Technology and Process Description

The Washery shall be built with the state-of-the-art technology by Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd. with the following features in Hingula area of MCL. Washing technology, for the proposed Hingula washery, is based on Heavy Media Separation (HM Cyclone) and the washing circuit is a closed circuit with zero water discharge. The raw coal receiving section has been designed for 2000 TPH (dry) and the washing section for 1700 TPH (dry) as required in the bid documents. However, MCL will supply 10 Mtpa of raw coal on as received basis (arb). The solids material balance has been shown on dry basis for 2000 t of raw coal receiving section and 1700 TPH (dry) for washing section and the corresponding material balance has been done. The washery is mainly divided into three sections viz. i) Pre washing section ii) Washing section and iii) Post washing section.

PRE-WASHING SECTION Raw coal of size (-) 100 mm as assured by MCL in respect of quality and quantity shall be received from Hingula-II expansion OCP through Pipe Conveyors and shall be collected in a surge bunker. Alternatively, in case of emergency, raw coal will also be received into receiving pits through tippers/dumpers by road. There will be two streams of crushing and screening system for bringing down raw coal size from (-) 100 mm into (-) 40 mm. Raw Coal of size (-) 100 mm shall be fed to a primary Vibrating Screens of 40 mm opening size from Surge Bunker by Belt Conveyors. The raw coal from receiving pits will also be fed on to the vibrating screen by means of Belt Conveyors. The overflow fraction of Vibrating Screen i.e. 100-40 mm size coal shall be fed into Double Roll Crusher, stage-l, and shall be crushed down to (-) 40 mm size. Crushers output shall further be screened by secondary Vibrating Check Screen of 40 mm size openings. The overflow fraction of Vibrating Screen i.e. (+) 40 mm size coal shall further be crushed by Double Roll Crushers, stage-2, to get the desired product of (-) 40 mm size and will be mixed with the underflow fractions of primary and secondary Vibrating Screens i.e. (-) 40 mm size coal and further the material shall be discharged either into Raw coal Tube Stacker or into Surge Hoppers by means of Belt Conveyor from where it will be sent to washing section.

WASHING SECTION There will be module of four streams each having 2.5 Mtpa capacity in the washing section. The washing process is segregation of (-) 10 mm unwashed fraction from the feed and washing the 40-10 mm coarse fraction in Heavy Medium Cyclones and blending of unwashed fraction with washed coal produced in H M Cyclone circuit. Crushed coal (-40 mm feed coal) will be fed on to Sizing Screens of (-) 10 mm openings by means of Belt Conveyors (Unit No. C15 & C18) where the (-) 10 mm fraction will be separated and collected by unwashed fraction coal collecting conveyors which will discharge the material on to respective washed coal conveyors. The Sizing Screens overflow fraction i.e. 40 - 10 mm size coal shall be discharged on to Desliming Screens having aperture of 0.5 mm where desliming water shall be applied through sprays from overhead tanks. (-) 0.5 mm coal shall be separated with the

II- 3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) underflow of the screens and it will be collected in slurry sumps. The overflow of the screens i.e. 40-10 mm size fraction shall be discharged into Heavy Medium Cyclone Feed tanks where heavy medium shall be added with the coal from Heavy Medium Tank. The coal and heavy medium pulp mixture shall be pumped to 1150 mm diameter HM Cyclones. The HM Cyclones will separate the coal into two products viz. washed coal through overflow and rejects through underflow. The products will be de-pulped and rinsed on De- pulping and Rinsing Screens arranged to receive the overflow and underflows of the cyclones. The overflow of the thickening cyclones in magnetite recovery & magnetite preparation section as well as clarified water from overhead tanks shall be used as rinsing water. The recovered pulp shall be collected back into the HM Tank. The rinsing water which contains magnetite shall be collected in Dilute Medium Tanks. The magnetite in the dilute medium will be recovered through Primary wet magnetic separators followed by thickening cyclones and Secondary Wet Magnetic Separators. The recovered magnetite i.e. over dense medium shall be collected in over dense make up medium tanks from where it will be sent to Heavy Medium Tanks as per the system demand. The loss of magnetite shall be replenished by adding fresh powder magnetite. The powder magnetite will be poured in a sump where water will be added. The mixture will be pumped into Dilute Medium Tank and it will be concentrated through the above mentioned wet primary magnetic and secondary magnetic separators. The slurry which is collected in the slurry tanks shall be fed into Classifying Cyclones to recover the coarse material which will report in the underflow of Classifying Cyclones. The underflow of the cyclones shall be discharged onto High Frequency Screens where the coarse material (Washed coal) will be recovered through the overflow of the screens and shaII be discharged on to the Belt Conveyor on which washed coal (40-10 mm) from the D & R screens as well as the untreated coal fraction (-10 mm) resulted from the sizing screens are also discharged. The overflow of the Classifying Cyclones shall be fed into Radial Thickeners where the ultrafine coal particles shall be collected through underflow of the thickeners and shall be sent to Belt Filter Press in the washery for final dewatering. The dewatered slurry in the form of cake shall be discharged onto rejects conveyor on which rejects from D & R screens of the H M Cyclone circuit will also be discharged. The loss of water through the products shall be replenished by fresh water.

POST WASHING SECTION The washed coal from the H M Cyclone circuit and unwashed coal from the underflow of the sizing screens and overflow product of High Frequency screens shall be collected by Washed coal conveyors and shall be either discharged on to emergency washed coal storage or on to the proposed free flowing Silo of MCL through series of Belt Conveyors.

The drawing showing the process flow is enclosed as plate No. –6D

II- 4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table 2.1 Details of the Main process/mechanical Equipments Name of the Capacity Type No. Tech. Specifications/ Purpose Sl No. equipment (On Dry basis) 1 Screens i Sizing Banana 4 500 TPH Feed size: -100mm type or Aperture: 40mm equivalent Size – 3.6M x 7.3M ii Check -do- 4 300 TPH Feed size: -100mm Aperture: 40mm Size – 3.0M x 7.3M iii Scalping -do- 4 425 TPH Feed size: -40mm Aperture: 10mm Size – 3.6M x 7.3M iv Desliming -do- 4 325 TPH Feed size: -40mm Aperture: 0.5mm Size – 3.0M x 7.3M v Washed -do- 4 300 TPH Feed size: 40-10mm Coal D& R Aperture: 0.5mm Size – 3.0M x 6.1M vi Reject D&R -do- 4 80 TPH Feed size: 40-10mm Aperture: 0.5mm Size – 2.2M x 6.1M vii High High 4 10 TPH Aperture: 0.3mm Frequency Frequency Size – 1.2M x 3.0M Linear motion 2 Crushers i Double Roll Teethed 4 300 TPH Set size: 40mm (Stage-I) double roll Feed size: 100-40mm Product Size: -40mm Roller Dia-600mm Roller Width – 1500mm ii Double Roll Teethed 2 100 TPH Set size: 40mm

II- 5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

(Stage-II) double roll Feed size: 100-40mm Product size: -40mm Roller Dia – 600mm Roller Width – 1000mm 3 Wet Section equipment I Heavy 4 350 TPH Dia=1150 mm Media Upgradation of 40-10 mm coal into two Cyclones products viz. Washed Coal & Reject Coal Ii Classifying 12 80 m3/hr Dia=350mm Cyclones For Classifying raw coal slurry to prevent coarse coal particles going to Thickener. Iii Belt Press 2 8.5 TPH For filtration of coal slurry obtained from Filter Thickener Underflow iv Thickening 8 100m3/hr Dia = 350mm Cyclone For thickening of tailings of Primary Magnetic Separator to enable it to be fed into secondary magnetic separator for final recovery of magnetics. v Thickener -- 2 -- Dia=25M For thickening of Coal Slurry. vi Primary 8 200 m3/hr Size-2.4M (L) x 0.91M(D) Magnetic Media Vol- 200m3/hr Separator For recovery of magnetite from diluted medium vii Secondary 4 50m3/hr Size-0.5M (L) x 0.91M(D) Magnetic Media Vol – 50m3/hr Separator For recovery of magnetite from the thickening cyclones underflow diluted medium

II- 6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

REJECT HANDLING The rejects generated from the HM Cyclone circuit as well as the products of Belt Press Filters shall be collected by reject Belt Conveyor and shall be transported to proposed temporary storage site, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m) adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery, through series of covered belt conveyors. The reject from the temporary storage site shall be disposed off either through e-auction or MoU route.

2.1.7 Source of Water

The source of water for the washery shall be Gandhisagar/ Mitti quarry/any other mine sump of Balram OCP (BOCP) which are approximately <3.0 km from washery site.

Water requirement and Water Balance The Washery is based on zero discharge system. Total water demand is 1273 m3/hr out of which 955 m3/hr is recycled water. Make-up water of 150 m3/hr shall be met from Gandhisagar/ Mitti quarry/any other mine sump (of BOCP). This includes 45 m3/hr for washery process, 23 m3/hr for potable water, sanitation etc. and 70 m3/hr for other industrial use (dust suppression, green belt maintenance etc.). 58 m3/hr water required for potable use, sanitation, spray, sprinkling shall be pre-treated in a water treatment plant of capacity 150 m3/hr. Additional capacity of the treatment plant will be utilized as per future needs. For detailed water balance Fig. no. 2.2 may be referred.

The detailed water Balance for coal beneficiation is given in Plate no 6F.

Typical arrangement of Recirculation system in Hingula washery resulting in a Zero discharge is shown below in Fig. 2.1:

II- 7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Fig. - 2.1 II-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

South Quarry of Bharatpur OCP

150 Fresh Water 12 Evaporation Losses Reservoir

58 Clarified water Water Treatment

35 Green Belt 23 35 Maintenance etc. 45 (Makeup water) Potable water, Spray / 955 Sanitation etc. Sprinkling etc.

Water Input 168 H M Cyclone with Feed Washery

187

26 Water Going Out with Water Going Washed Coal Out with Rejects

Effluent Treatment and Water Recovery

955 Recycle Water

All Values are in m3/hr

Fig. - 2.2

DETAILED WATER BALANCE IN HINGULA WASHERY

II-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

2.2 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT The raw coal throughput capacity of this washery considered is mentioned below: a) Annual : 10.0 MT b) Daily : 30300 tonne c) Hourly : 1700 tonne

2.2.1 Source of Coal Out of total production of 15 MTPA from Hingula-II expansion OCP (Phase-III) (EC under consideration at MoEF), 10 MT of raw coal will be linked to the proposed Hingula washery. As such, it has been decided to keep the capacity of Hingula Washery as 10.0 MTY (4 streams of 2.5 MTY each). Thus the, total raw coal requirement of 10.0 MTY for the proposed washery will be met from Hingula-II OC Expn. Project (Phase-III).

2.2.2 Ancillary Facilities Source of Power: (i) During Construction Power will be provided at one point in the washery on demand for construction on chargeable basis at the prevalent rate upto successful PGT. (ii) During Operation Power will be made available at washery site by MCL at 33 kV by extending the 33 kV bus of existing 33/ 6.6 kV, 14 MVA sub-station at Balram OCP and drawing a 33 kV OHTL about 3.5 km upto washery site. Power will be controlled by a suitably rated 33 kV VCB located in the 33/ 6.6 kV sub-station. Provision for DG Set of 1250 kVA as stand by power supply system for critical equipment/ system shall be kept by BOM operator and operating expenses for this will be borne by MCL on actual in addition to washing charges.

Power Factor Improvement For the improvement of plant power factor upto 0.92 & maintaining the same capacitor banks will be installed at 415 LT System.

Emergency Power 1250 kVA DG Set will be installed to cater for illumination & critical equipment as and when required for emergency.

Instrumentation & Process Control: A PLC System of reputed make will control process to get desired results. Three Pc's will be installed. Instrumentation system will be provided as per the requirements of the tender which will include Level control, Automatic ash, moisture records, Totalisers etc.

Main instrumentation will comprise of following:  Ammeters, Voltmeters.  Power factor meters.

II- 10 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

 MD meters.  Energy meters.  Trip counter & time totaliser.  Nucleonic/ultrasonic type level indicators for bunkers and tanks.  Torque indicator thickener mechanism.  Ash analyser with moisture meters for monitoring ash and moisture.  Motorised valve with Electric actuator.  Solenoid valve.  Electronic display unit and set point device.

Fire Fighting Suitable arrangements such as independent ring main close water pipe system with one main pump and one jockey pump to maintain pressure of 6 Bar will be provided. Fire hydrants at critical places will be installed. Fire extinguishers of carbon dioxide dry powder type will be provided at critical places to put out electrical fires. (necessary fire fighting arrangement shall be provided at all strategic points as per BIS norms. The system shall also be complying with provisions of Factory rules for fire fighting arrangement. Necessary fire fighting arrangement is included in scope of work at all strategic points as per TAC norms and other relevant standards. Suitable arrangements such as independent pipe lines with adequate number of hydrants, 2 x 100% capacity electric driven pumps and one diesel equipped driven pump shall be provided. The fire extinguishers etc. shall also be installed at all strategic points as per prevailing norms. For automatic fire detection, alarm annunciation, smoke & fire detectors complete with control panels, interfacing modules, hooters, PA system and linking with local fire station shall be provided. All systems/ components/ equipment shall comply with FMIUL etc.)

2.2.2.1 Workshop A workshop with suitable layout with area 200 sqm and 7.0 m height will be constructed and equipped with facilities for running repairs of the plant. Necessary drainage from roof & floors, 1 m wide plinth protection and drains all around shall be provided. The workshop is a minor utility building and does not generate effluents. A little quantity of coolant water is required in Centre Lathe, Shaping Machine and drilling machine and this water shall be collected and suitable arrangements shall be made to send to the slime ponds from where water shall be recovered and sent back to washery for reuse. Hence, no separate treatment facility has been envisaged.

Table 2.2 List of Workshop Equipment of 10 MTPA Hingula Washery Sl. Equipment Qty. No. Radial Drilling machine, radial capacity in steel/ cast iron 50/ 60 1 1 mm 2 Portable Drill 25 mm& 50 mm dia 1 3 Power Hacksaw 1 4 Shaping machine, stroke length 630 mm 1

II- 11 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

5 Arc Welding set 1 6 Electric hoist 2 7 Grinder 1 8 Portable grinder, 50mm wheel 1 9 Hydraulic Press 1 10 Monoblock Crane 10 tons 1 11 Centre lathe 1 12 Puller 1 set 13 Bench Vice 1 14 Gas Cutting Set 1 15 Tool Set 1 Set 16 Marking Plate 1 lot 17 Vertical Drilling Machine 1

Laboratory Laboratory with suitable layout of about 200 sqm area and height 3.5 m will be equipped with the state of art equipment required for all type of analysis required in Washery.

Stores Stores building with 3.5 m height and 210 sqm area will be built which will accommodate the materials needed for the functional & operational aspects of the Washery.

2.2.2.2 Environmental Control Bag filters for dust extraction & Sprinkle System for dust suppression will be installed to keep environment clean. Green belt (15m wide) of area 1.45 Ha will be developed in and around the washery site. Development of greenbelt is shown in Plate no. 5. Avenue plantation shall also be done along the roads. Drains shall be provided for proper drainage arrangement of storm water as well as incidental water from the various buildings / sections and also from the entire site. It should be designed on the basis of quantity of water / effluent to be carried, distance of final disposal point as well as contour of the area. It should be suitably designed cement concrete cum brick masonry drain finished with cement plaster 1:3 and neat cement punning.

2.2.2.3Infrastructure Facilities within Washery Following infrastructure facilities have been provided within the washery premises for the personnel involved in different activities:

 Car parking, Cycle and scooter Stand 300 sqm, ht 3.5m  Canteen 105 sqm, ht 3.5m  Toilets 150 sqm, ht 3.5  03 Nos of Slime Pond 100m x 6m x 2.5 m (each)

II- 12 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Communication System To make the operation more effective in the plant the following communication system will be provided. 1. EPABX Telephone Exchange with sufficient no. of lines, phones sets suitable for noisy areas. 2. Two way public address system with sufficient address points 3. Walkie-Talkie/mobile phones will be provided to key personnel.

2.2.3 Characteristics of Coal (including analysis of Heavy Metals) A characteristic of Coal based on laboratory analysis is given in the following table: Table – 2.3 SNo Parameter Raw Coal Washed Coal Coal rejects

1. Quantity (MTPA) 10 8.91 1.09 2. Grade of coal G-11 -- -- 3. Percentage of ash (adb) 34.5 to 42.5 33.50 80.8 4. Percentage of fixed carbon (adb) 29.4 33.9 10.9 5. Gross Calorific value (K. cal/kg) 4075 4750 1500 (avg.) 6. Moisture % (adb) 6.6 6.9 4.03 7. Sulphur(adb) 0.89% 0.68% 0.74% 8. *Mercury (ppm) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 9. *Arsenic (ppm) 1.57 1.43 8.33 10. *Lead (ppm) 105.8 99.19 198.15 11. *Cadmium (ppm) 0.52 0.36 1.37 12. *Chromium(ppm) 110.03 102.27 179.32 *Analysis Agency for *heavy metals: Environment Lab. of CMPDIL, Ranchi

The expected typical characteristics of raw coal are given hereafter.

a) i) Likely Total Average Moisture% : 9 (day-to-day basis) (arb) ii) Range of Total Moisture% (arb) : 8 - 10 iii) Likely Average Moisture% : 6.6 (day-to-day basis) (adb)

b) Likely Monthly Average Ash (adb)% : 38.5

c) Range of Monthly Average Ash (adb)% : 38.5 + 4

d) Range of day-to-day basis Ash (adb)% : 38.5 + 4

e) Size of raw coal to be supplied : (-) 100 mm

II- 13 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

2.2.4 QUALITY OF WASHED COAL

a) Targeted Monthly average ash % (on adb) : 33.5 b) Maximum Ash% (monthly basis on adb) : 34 c) Minimum Ash% (monthly basis on adb) : 33 d) Total moisture : < 11% on ‘apb’ e) Moisture in washed coal (on adb) : 6.9% 2.2.5 QUALITY OF REJECTS a) Ash% (on ‘adb’) : 80.8 at raw coal ash & moisture of 38.5% & 6.6% respectively both on ‘adb’ b) Moisture% (on ‘adb’) : 4.03

The quantity of washed coal and rejects are 8.91 MTPA (dry) and 1.09 MTPA (dry) respectively (at Raw coal ash & moisture of 38.5% and 6.6% respectively, both on adb).

2.3 DISPOSAL OF WASHERY REJECTS

Total quantity of rejects that shall be generated from the washery is 1.09 MTPA at the rate of 193.0 TPH. In order to expedite necessary clearances EC/FC for construction of Washery, Advisor (E&F) mentioned that Coal Companies have to mention the use of washery rejects in EMP that either (a) the washery rejects does not contain any polluting material and thereby the rejects can be dumped or (b) Rejects would be sold through e-auction or MoU route as it has some calorific value.

MCL, after due consideration to the possibility of utilising rejects in the FBC power plant took a decision that utilizing rejects in the FBC power plant shall not be possible because of non-availability of land and water required for FBC power plant. In the 155th meeting of Board of Directors of MCL held on 05.02.2014, the Board approved the sale of rejects from Hingula washery of MCL either through e-auction or MOU route. This was in line with the 75th meeting of CMDs held on 07.05.2013 wherein it was decided that EOI shall be floated to sell the reject from the proposed washeries.

Regarding temporary storage of reject For temporary storage of Rejects, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m) adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery has been identified. The reject site of 10 ha is sufficient to accommodate the available reject (@193 TPH) for 6 months. However, rejects shall not be stored at temporary storage site beyond 3 months. BOMO will transport rejects by covered belt conveyor to the temporary storage site, distance of which is about 760 m from the washery site. Height of discharge point of the conveyor shall preferably be kept above 15 m level for effective storage of rejects. The reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations.

II- 14 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

2.4 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT The washery is proposed to be installed on Build-Operate-Maintain (BOM) basis and the manpower during washery construction/washery operation shall be provided by BOM operator. The BOM operator has proposed to employ people from local villages for unskilled work. The skilled manpower of BOM operator shall be its own and shall be accommodated in rented houses in the nearby town with provision of transport facility. It has been considered that the residential & welfare activities for manpower required for MCL will be shared with the project facilities of Hingula Area.

Table 2.4 Breakup of Manpower during operation

Proposed Manpower for operation of 10 MTPA Hingula Washery Sl. No. Description Requirement I. Officers 1 1. General Manager 1 2 2. Dy. G.M. 1 3 3. Sr. Manager ( Oprs.) 1 4 4. Sr. Manager(Raw coal) 1 5 5. Sr. Manager (Maintenance) 1 6 6. Asst. Manager (process) 1 7 7. Asst. Manager (mechanical) 1 8 8. Manager(Electrical & Instrumentation) 1 9 9. Asst. Manager (Electrical) 2 10 10. Materials Manager(S) 1 11 11. Manager (HRD) 1 12 12. Asst. Finace Manager 1 13 13. Manager(Finance) 1 14 14. Shift Engineer 4 15 15. Manager (QC) 1

II. Technical & Supervisory Staff 16 1. Foreman-incharge 4 17 2. Foreman 7 18 3. Sr Chemist 1 19 4. Technicians 2 20 5. Sr. Store Keeper 1 21 6. Store Keepers 3

III. Administration staff 22 1. Accountant 2 23 2. Weigh bridge clerks 12 24 3. pay clerks 1 25 4. Office clerk 2 26 5. Peon 2

II- 15 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

IV. Plant Operation – 3 shifts 27 1. Operator-cum-fitter 25 28 2. Electricians 6 29 3. General Majdoor 30 30 4. Driver (Payloader) 4 31 5. Welder 8 32 6. Sampling Assistants 8 33 7. Dozer Operator 6 34 8. Pay Loader Operator 4 35 9. Crane Operators 2

VI. workshop 36 1. Operator cum Fitter 3 37 2. Electricians 2 38 3. welder 3 39 4. Machinist 2 40 5. Rigger 3 41 6. Helper 4

VII. Sanitation & Water Supply 42 1. Plumber 2 43 2. Sweeper 3 44 3. Helper 2

TOTAL 173

Manpower during construction of washery During construction of washery, the civil and structural work shall be outsourced by BOM operator to sub-contractors and therefore the manpower will be provided by them(sub-contractor), depending on the work requirement at site. For supervision of construction work, one General Manager and one Manager each for Mechanical, Electrical and Civil work will be deployed at the site by the BOM operator. In addition one Store in-charge and one Finance Assistant will be there for day to day work, These personnel of BOM operator shall be provided rented accommodation in the nearby town with transport facility.

2.5 USE OF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE: Talcher is the nearest town located at a distance of 19 km from the eastern most boundary of Kalinga Block. The Talcher-Gopalprasad road passes through the central part of the area. The nearest rail-head is Talcher Railway station, which is the terminal station on Cuttack-Talcher branch line of East Coast Railway. The distance of the station is about 16 km from the eastern boundary of block. Distance of the National Highway no. 42 from the boundary is 12 km by shortest route via Ambapal & Angul.

II- 16 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

During the construction of the Washery the existing Roads/railway sidings will be used for transportation. Existing roads are adequate to take care of the additional load of men and material to be transported during the construction of washery. New approach roads will be constructed in and around washery site for connecting it to the existing road network of the area for transportation of men and material. 2.6 Conveyance Facilities Table 2.5 Conveyance Facilities for the Washery Raw Material and Products S No. Products Starting Point Transportation by Distance Destination point (Approx.) 1. Raw Coal Mine Site Pipe conveyor 3.76 km 500 t Surge 1X2000 TPH Bunker 2. Washed Washery Covered conveyor 400 m 4000 T Silo at Coal Premises 2x 2000 TPH Railway Siding 3. Coal Washery Covered conveyor 760 m Temporary Reject Reject Premises 1x 400 TPH Storage Site

4. Water Gandhisagar/ Water Pipeline < 3.0 km Washery Site Mitti quarry/any other mine sump of BOCP

2.6.1 Receipt of Raw Coal Raw coal of size (-) 100 mm as assured by MCL in respect of quality and quantity shall be received from Hingula Open Cast Mines through Pipe Conveyor(length: 3.76 km) of capacity 2000 TPH (avg.)/2400 TPH (peak) and shall be collected in a surge bunker (01 Nos.) of capacity 500 t. An alternative arrangement of storage has been envisaged of raw coal received through tippers in the form of 6 Nos. of receiving pits each of capacity 1000 t. These receiving pits shall be covered to prevent pollution. Raw coal will be supplied to the pipe conveyor through 2 x 1200 TPH belt conveyor.

II- 17 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Pipe Conveyor for Transport of Raw Coal

II- 18 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

2.6.2 Dispatch of Washed Coal Washed coal shall be delivered of specified quality & quantity through two Covered Belt Conveyors (1600 mm width) having capacity of 2 x 2000 TPH (length 400m) in the proposed 4000 t self-flowing Silo (to be constructed by MCL) of 18 m dia & 47.5 m height (top of Silo platform) situated over the adjacent Railway siding for onward loading & dispatch to customer(s). An alternative arrangement to store washed coal has been envisaged in the form of stack tube (2 X 12500 t) of 25,000 t capacity duly covered with reclamation arrangement and subsequently deliver the washed coal to the above Silo for onward loading & dispatch to customer(s).

2.6.3 Reject transport Transportation & disposal of washery rejects, 1.09 MTPA @ of 193.0 TPH, to the temporary storage site at a distance of about 760 m from the washery shall be through covered belt conveyor, 01 Nos. and capacity 400 TPH.

2.7 Other Solid wastes generated

During construction of washery, waste generated shall be limited to construction materials, debris etc. which shall either be leveled in the low lying areas within the premises or back filled where ever required in the plant during construction of roads and embankments. Other waste envisaged from within the plant shall be leaf sweepings, road sweepings and recyclable wastes such as paper and plastic. The recyclable waste shall be sold to authorizes recycling vendors while the organic components such as leaf sweepings shall be composted and used as manure. The DG set operation and other machinery /vehicles will generate used oil which will be stored and sold to authorized waste oil recyclers, thus oil and grease collected from oil water separator shall also be sold to authorized recyclers. Similarly, batteries will also be sold to authorized battery recyclers.

2.8 Capital Cost Table No. 2.6 SUMMARY OF CAPITAL COST OF WASHERY Sl. No. Items Amount in INR (Lakhs) A Survey, Soil testing & Design Engineering Cost 770.00 B Civil & Structural Works 10,969.00 C1 Supply of Plant & Machinery 18,650.00 C2 Erection, Installation & Commissioning of Plant & 1781.60 Machinery C3 Furniture & Fittings 25.40 GRAND TOTAL (A+B+C1+C2+C3) 32196.00

II- 19 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Total Value towards Capital Cost of the washery in INR (inclusive of cost of two years’ critical spares and taxes & duties as applicable) is “Rupees Three hundred Twenty One Crore & Ninety Six Lakh” only.

Table No. 2.7 Break-up of Cost towards washing charges on per tonne of Raw coal Sl. Item % Break- Indices for escalation Total in No. up of each (Rs) item 1 Salary & wages 14.38 Minimum wages AICPI -IW 16.00 2 Maintenance 19.78 WPI of RBI in respect of 22.00 including spare supplies a) Preventive 11.69 13.00 b) Breakdown 3.60 4.00 c) Others (Maintenance 4.49 5.00 of roads, illumination system, pollution control system) 3 All consumables 30.57 WPI in respect of 34.00 fuel/power/oil/lubricant supply a) Indigenous 29.67 33.00 b) Imported 0.90 1.00 4 Major overhauling of 7.19 WPI of RBI in respect of 8.00 washery plan, if any supplies 5 Taxes and duties i) Service tax 11.00 As per govt. directives 12.24 time to time ii) Other taxes if any -- -- To be paid by MCL at actuals 6 Administrative 15.28 WPI, WCPI of RBI 17.00 overhead 7 Cost of ------transportation & loading of rejects 8 Any other (not 1.80 -- 2.00 attracting escalation) 0 TOTAL (1 TO 8) 100.00 -- 111.24

2.9 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Detailed implementation plan indicating major mile-stone activities for setting up of Hingula Washery (10MTA) is given in Table 2.8.

II- 20 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table 2.8 Implementation Schedule

MONTHS

Sl . No Project Execution Major Milestone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1 Signing of Contract

2 Basic Design & Engineering

3 Procurement of Equipment

4 Detail Design & Engineering

5 Erection & Commissioning

6 Performance Guarantee Test

Commencement of Commercial 7 Operation (i.e. Regular Despatch of

Washed Coal).

Note: 1. Zero date reckon from signing of contract 2. Period of Guarantee of the washery from 19th Month (i.e. Date of commencement of commercial operation) to End of 30th month. 3. In 16th month, i.e. immediately after commissioning, one month gap has been kept for any other related work for PG test

II-21 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

CHAPTER 3

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology and Sites)

3.1 INTRODUCTION

The scoping exercise results in need for consideration of alternative technologies on account of predicted environmental impact. Alternatives have been considered for ● Selection of site for the project ● Selection of appropriate Technology for Coal Washing

3.2 SELECTION OF SITE FOR WASHERY Basic considerations in deciding the location of plant site are listed below in order of its significance.  Nearness to sources of main raw materials.  Availability of sufficient stretch of land with relatively flat terrain.  Availability of necessary infrastructure such as transportation, communication, roads, water, etc.  Convenient rail and road links.  Availability of skilled and unskilled manpower.

The site considered for the proposed washery is in the close proximity to the source of raw coal. The infrastructure and auxiliary facilities are adequately present for the proposed activity. Initially, land of 30 Ha (600m length & 500m wide) at Balram Opencast Project in Hingula Area was identified by MCL for the proposed washery. From the Surface Plan of Balram Opencast Project in Hingula Area, it is quite evident that a seasonal nallah is flowing through the proposed land. Moreover, a part of OB Dump is also falling under the identified area of proposed land. In light of the above, CMPDI team & MCL authorities jointly decided to ascertain exact area of usable land suitable for setting up of the washery with length & breadth excluding the seasonal nallah & part of the OB dump those were falling under the proposed land. Hence, the proposed site for Hingula Washery was finalized within an area of 17Ha, situated in the lease hold area of Balram OC Extension Project, which falls between latitudes 200 56’ 02’’ N & 200 58’28’’ N and longitudes 850 02’ 52’’ E & 850 06’ 57’’ E. An additional land of 10 Ha has been finalized for temporary storage of reject located at a distance of about 760m from the proposed washery site. The proposed site for Hingula Washery was finalized within an area of 17Ha, situated in the lease hold area of Balram OC Extension Project, which falls between latitudes 200 56’ 02’’ N & 200 58’ 28’’ N and longitudes 850 02’ 52’’ E &

III-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

850 06’ 57’’ E. The entire land for washery is non-forest, non-agricultural and is non-coal bearing.

The site which has been selected has following features :- (i) This site is barren land and is free from forest, agriculture and human habitation and a non-coal bearing area. (ii) Land belongs to the proponent. Hence, construction of Project would not cause any Resettlement – Rehabilitation issue. (iii) The site is located close to the road network in the area. Moreover, a railway siding is close to the site. (iv) The source of water for the washery shall be Gandhi Sagar/ Mitti quarry/any other mine sump of Balram OCP (approx. <3 km).

3.3 SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY A washery is a facility that washes coal of soil and rock, preparing it for transport to market. The steps involved are as follows:

1) Procuring Run-of-mine (ROM) coal to the washery through various means of transport such as trucks, railways or conveyors.

2) Coal handling within the washery site through various alternatives such as (a) Stockpiles, (b) Stacking and (c) Reclaiming

3) Crushing

4) Screening

5) Gravity separation of the coal from the contaminants. Gravity separation methods make use of the different relative densities of different grades of coal, and the reject material. The various methods used are as follows, which are further detailed in subsequent paragraphs:

a. Jigs b. Dense medium process c. Dense medium baths (DMBs) d. Dense medium cyclones

6) Fine coal methods: Fine coal is cleaned using froth flotation methods. Denver cells and Jameson cells are the two flotation methods used. Spirals perform a simple, low cost and reasonably efficient separation of fine sized material, based on particle density and size.

III-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

7) Dewatering as follows:

a. Dewatering product coal: Water is removed from the product to reduce the mass, and runoff on the stockpile. Different methods of dewatering exist, including coarse coal centrifuges, screen bowl centrifuges, slurry screens, Dewatering cyclones, Horizontal belt filters. b. Dewatering tailings (reject): Water is removed from tailings to recycle water. Filters, centrifuges and thickeners are used in this part of the process. The black-water which is produced as a by-product is typically placed in a coal slurry impoundment. c. Thickeners: Thickeners are used for dewatering slurries of either tailings or product. A thickener is a large circular tank that is used to settle out the solid material from the water in the feed slurry. The separated water is clarified and reused as process water in the CPP. Gravity separation methods make use of the different relative densities of different grades of coal, and the reject material.

Description of Gravity separation methods

I. Jigs

Jigs are a gravity separation method for coarse coal. Different types of jig include:  Baum jig  Under-air jig

II. Dense medium process

Dense medium gravity separation methods use a material such as magnetite to form a medium denser than water to assist in separation. A cyclone is a conical vessel in which coal along with finely ground magnetite (media) is pumped tangentially to a tapered inlet and short cylindrical section followed by a conical section where the separation takes place. The higher sp. Gr. Fraction being subjected to greater centrifugal forces pull away from the central core and descend downwards towards the apex along the wall of cyclone body and pass out as rejects/middlings. The lighter particles are caught in an upward stream and pass out as clean coal through the cyclone overflow outlet via the vortex finder. Fluid on entry commences in the outer regions of the cyclone body. This combined with rotational motion to which it is constrained creates an outer spiral. The existence of a top central outlet and inability for all the fluid to leave at the cone apex outlet, assist the inward migration of some of the fluid from the external moving mass. The amount of inward migration increases as the apex is neared, i.e. the radius decreased and the fluid which flows in this migratory stream, ultimately reverses its vertical velocity direction and flows upward to the

III-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

cyclone over flow outlet, i.e. vortex finder. Since it is at the same time rotating, the result is an inner spiral.

The Heavy media cyclone is lined with very high quality ceramic tiles inside with a specially designed helical profile. A cyclone is the heart of the washing unit in a Heavy media washery. It is a nonmoving part and hence requires very low maintenance. However, the pressure at the inlet of the cyclone is a very important factor and it is suggested to maintain a minimum pressure of around Dx9x9.81xdensity/100 (in bars), where D= the inner diameter of the cyclone in mm. it is important to note that the pressure at which pulp (mixture of coal and magnetite) is introduced in the cyclone is the principal means of controlling the forces within the cyclone. With the decrease in pressure more coal shall report to the discard/middlings, thus impairing the efficiency of separation.

If due to some reason the cyclone feed pump is not being able to deliver the required pressure at the inlet of the cyclone, feed should immediately be stopped and the pipelines, tank and pump should be properly checked for any jamming and any jamming should be properly cleaned before starting the circuit or the feed.

III. Dense medium baths (DMBs) Different types of DMB include:  Teska bath  Daniels bath  Leebar bath  Tromp shallow bath  Drewboy bath  Barvoys bath  Chance cone  Wemco drum

IV. Dense medium cyclones A mixture of raw coal and dense medium enters the cyclone at a predetermined flow rate and pressure. A vortex is formed, and the high density reject forced to the outside to the underflow orifice discharge, also called spigot. The cleaned coal goes longitudinally down the axis of the cyclone and leaves the cyclone through the overflow orifice, also called the vortex finder. From the overflow orifice, the coal goes into the overflow chamber, and is discharged to the next stage of the process.

Criteria for selection of appropriate technology are among the available technologies for beneficiation / washing of coal. - ● Characteristics of raw coal ● Required quality of product coal ● Maximum yield of product coal ● Reliability of technology

III-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Chosen Technology

The selected process is widely adapted technology i.e. first removing untreated fraction from the crushed raw coal to desired washable size and then treat the other washed fraction using wet process through HM Cyclone System, the medium used being magnetite pulp. It is known fact that all the HM Cyclones plants are performing well and giving good results. The technology provides a closed circuit operation with zero effluent discharge outside the washery. The technology to be used in proposed Hingula washery has been dealt in detail in chapter-2. The flow sheet of Hingula washery is given in figure 3.1.

FIG 3.1 Hingula Washery Flow Sheet

-100MM RAW COAL

(-40MM)

(100-40MM) RECIRCULATION

(-40MM)

BENF. COAL BENEFICIATION - 10 MM (HM CYCLONE) WASHED COAL REJECTS

STORAGE

(REJECT HOPPER)

III-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

3.4 DISPOSAL OF WASHERY REJECTS

In order to expedite necessary clearances EC/FC for construction of Washery, Advisor (E&F) mentioned that Coal Companies have to mention the use of washery rejects in EMP that either (a) the washery rejects does not contain any polluting material and thereby the rejects can be dumped or (b) Rejects would be sold through e-auction or MoU route as it has some calorific value. For temporary storage of Rejects, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m) adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery has been identified. BOM Operator will transport rejects by covered belt conveyor to the temporary storage site, distance of which is about 760 m from the washery site. Height of discharge point of the conveyor shall preferably be kept above 15 m level for effective storage of rejects.

Rejects shall not be stored at temporary storage site beyond 3 months. The reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations.

III-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

CHAPTER – 4

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

4.0 GENERAL

The present environmental scenario has been described in this chapter in respect of ambient air quality, water quality, noise level measurement, soil quality, socio-economic scenario, flora & fauna and land use/cover pattern.

4.1 Study Area – For the proposed project, the project area has been taken as the core zone and the area within a radius of 10 km of the core zone has been taken as the buffer zone

Period of Study – One season data in respect of Air quality, water quality and noise monitoring has been done from 15th March ’14 to 14th June ’14, soil sampling was done in the month of May 2014 and socio-economic & flora – fauna study has been done in June’14 by M/s. Richardson & Cruddas (1972) Ltd., a Government of India undertaking, Chennai.

Environmental Engineering laboratory, Chennai Division of Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai, is accredited by NABL vide certificate no. T- 2422 dtd. 10.01.2013. The accreditation is valid till 09.01.2015.

4.2 Description Of The Environment/ Baseline Environmental Status

The scope of the study and the present report covers the detailed characterization of the existing environmental status in the study area for major environmental components viz. Land, micrometeorology, ambient air quality, water/waste water quality, noise level and soil quality.

4.2.1 Land environment The proposed site has 17 Hectares land for plant and 10 Hectares for temporary storage of rejects. Various installations required for the washery will be suitably located within the area of 17 Ha. The major portion of the land for proposed washery is barren/scrubland and no nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery. Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of Hingula Washery Project based on Satellite Data of the Year 2013 is enclosed as Plate no. 8 in the EIA/EMP report.

Table 4.1: Existing Land use pattern Type of Land/Area in Ha Description of the S No. Barren Backfilled Structure Barren/Scrubland Area 1 Washery 17 - Reject Storage 2 - 10 Site

IV-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Proposed Area for Hingula Washery showing Barren and Scrubland of core zone

4.2.1.1 Soil Quality To assess the baseline soil quality, soil samples were collected from identified locations in core & buffer zones using augers at depths 30, 60 and 100 cms. The samples were analyzed for chemical parameters like pH, EC, N, P, K and engineering parameters like textural class, bulk density, liquid limit, field capacity, wilting coefficient and available water storage capacity.

4.2.1.2 Rationale behind selection of sampling stations Soil characteristics, erosion aspects, soil fertility etc., have direct bearing on the environment. Knowledge of soil parameters is essential for the planning and implementation of afforestation. Further, major mining activities affect the soil regime of the surrounding areas directly or indirectly. Hence, it becomes important to study the soil characteristics. By keeping the above aspects in view, four locations are selected in the core and buffer zone. Locations are selected in such a way that different types of soils for supporting different species of vegetation are covered. The soil quality monitoring stations are furnished below and are shown in Plate 10C and Table 4.2.

IV-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table – 4.2 Soil Quality Monitoring Stations Distanc Direction SI. Location Latitude e Environmental Location Name (from No. Code and longitude Approx. Settings Site) (Km) Barren Land, Core 20° 56’ 36” N Soil quality of 1 S1 - zone 85° 04’ 11” E - Core zone

Soil quality of Paddy land, 20° 58’ 50” N 2 S2 NE 4.5 nearest Tileipasi village 85° 05’ 40” E cultivated land

Soil quality of Agricultural Land, 20° 56’ 03” N 3 S3 SW 1.3 nearest Natada village 85° 04’ 08” E agriculture land Soil quality of Forest Land, Rakas 20° 58’ 20” N 4 S4 ENE 6.00 nearest forest RF 85° 07’ 36” E land

4.2.1.3 Data presentation & analysis The soil quality data collected are given in Annexure – 5 and status of the soil quality is furnished in Table – 4.3. Table: 4.3 Soil quality status Range of S.No. Parameters Concentration 1 pH 7.11 – 7.55 2. Organic Carbon (%) 2.1 – 3.5 3. Potassium (kg/ha) 172- 215 4. Nitrogen (Kg/ha) 232–532 5. Magnesium (Kg/Ha) 302 - 492 6. Texture Class Sandy Loam

4.2.1.4 Road/rail connectivity Talcher is the nearest town located at a distance of 19 km from the eastern most boundary of Kalinga Block. The Talcher-Gopalprasad road passes through the central part of the area. The nearest rail-head is Talcher Railway station, which is the terminal station on Cuttack-Talcher branch line of East Coast Railway. The distance of the station is about 16 km from the eastern boundary of block. Distance of the National Highway no. 42 from the boundary is 12 km by shortest route via Ambapal & Angul. During the construction of the Washery the existing Roads/railway sidings will be used for transportation. Existing roads are adequate to take care of the additional load of men and material to be transported during the construction of washery.

IV-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

New approach roads will be constructed in and around washery site for connecting it to the existing road network of the area for transportation of men and material.

Conveyance Facilities for the Washery Raw Material And Products

S No. Products Starting Point Transportation by Distance Destination point (Approx.) 1. Raw Coal Mine Site Pipe conveyor 3.76 km 500 t Surge 1X2000 TPH Bunker 2. Washed Washery Covered belt 400 m 4000 t Silo at Coal Premises conveyor 2x 2000 Railway Siding TPH 3. Coal Washery Covered belt 760 m Temporary Reject Reject Premises conveyor 1x 400 Storage Site TPH 4. Water Gandhisagar/ Water Pipeline < 3.0 km Washery Site Mitti quarry/any other mine sump of BOCP

4.2.2 Micrometeorology

As a part of this study, micrometeorology and microclimatic parameters were recorded by installing a meteorological station at Core-zone. Data of wind velocity, wind direction, ambient temperature, relative humidity and cloud cover were recorded at hourly intervals in a day throughout the study period. Further rainfall also has been recorded and reported. Wind velocity and wind direction were recorded using cup anemometer and wind vane respectively. Ambient temperature was noted by wet and dry bulb thermometer. Relative humidity was measured from hygrometer and a self-recording rain gauge was used for rainfall data collection. Cloud cover data has been collected by visual inspection.

The wind velocity readings were ranging from 1.0 – 18.6 m/sec. Predominant wind was from north-east direction. The maximum temperature recorded was 42.0C and the minimum was 24.0 C. The relative humidity ranged from 16% to 93% and 20.3 mm rainfall was recorded during the study period. Details of Micrometeorological data collected from the core zone for the period from 15th March 2014 to 14th June 2014 are furnished in Annexure-1.

IV-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table – 4.4 Seasonal wind distribution data Season: summer (15th March -14th June 2014) Location: Core Zone

Wind Velocity, Kmph (% Duration) Wind Direction < 1.0 1 – 5 5 – 11 11 – 19 Total

N 2.08 0.50 0.14 2.72

NNE 10.28 3.85 1.59 15.72

NE 17.44 5.30 1.68 24.42

ENE 8.06 2.90 1.27 12.23

E 3.53 0.68 0.14 4.35

ESE 4.17 3.67 2.54 10.38

SE 4.21 5.07 2.91 12.19

SSE 1.40 1.72 1.40 4.52

S 0.68 0.23 0.00 0.91

SSW 0.50 0.09 0.05 0.64

SW 0.32 0.14 0.27 0.73

WSW 0.27 0.05 0.09 0.41

W 0.27 0.23 0.09 0.59

WNW 1.00 1.31 0.86 3.17

NW 1.72 1.09 0.45 3.26

NNW 2.67 0.82 0.27 3.76

Season 58.60 27.65 13.75 100

IV-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Figure 4.1: Windrose of core zone

IV-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 4.2.3 Air Environment

To assess the ambient air quality status, monitoring stations were identified on the basis of meteorology in the upwind and downwind direction as well as to represent the cross sectional scenario of the project site. Based on the production activities, the parameters chosen for assessment of air quality are Particulate Matter <10 (PM10), Particulate Matter <2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Corban Monoxide(CO), Ammonia (NH3), Ozone (O3), Benzene (C6H6), Lead (Pb), Benzo-pyrene (BaP), Arsenic(As), Nickel (Ni) and other heavy metals.

Calibrated Respirable Dust sampler (with an average flow of 1.2 - 1.4 m3/min.) were used for monitoring of PM10 and a tapping provided in the hopper of the same sampler was utilized for sampling of SO2, NOx with proper flow controller (1 L/min).The heavy metal like Arsenic, Lead, Nickel, Mercury, Chromium, Selenium, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc and Magnesium were also collected in EPM 2000 filter paper by using High volume sampler. Calibrated APM 550 Fine Particle Sampler (with an average flow of 16.7 LPM) was used for monitoring of PM2.5. A temporary field laboratory for the purpose of calibration of equipments and standardisation of analytical procedures was also established.

4.2.3.1 PM & PM10

Calibrated Respirable Dust Sampler with Whatman’s GF/A micro fibre filter paper was used for the determination of PM & PM10 is a measure of particulate matter having size <10 microns. The dust particles having size >10 microns is being collected in the cyclone and measured. This along with PM10 value gives total PM.

4.2.3.2 PM2.5

Calibrated APM 550 Fine Particle Sampler with Whatman’s standard PTFE 47 mm diameter filter media was used for the determination of Fine Particles (PM2.5). PM2.5 is a measure of particulate matter having size <2.5 microns. APM 550 Fine Particle Sampler is based on impactor designs standardized by USEPA for ambient air quality monitoring.

4.2.3.3 SO2 (Modified West & Geake Spectrophotometer method)

Ambient air is bubbled at the rate of 1.0 l/min in an impinger containing a scrubbing solution of Sodium-Tetra ChloroMercurate. The resultant complex is reacted with P-Rosaniline and Formaldehyde to form coloured Para-Rosaniline methyl sulphuric acid. The absorbance of the solution is measured in a Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560nm. The SO2 is then calculated from standard graph.

IV-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

4.2.3.4 NO2 (Jacob &Hocheiser modified method)

Ambient air is bubbled at the rate of 1.0 l/min in an impinger containing a solution of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Arsenate. The resultant Nitrite Ion is reacted with Phosphoric acid, Sulphanilamide and N-ethylene di-amine di-hydro chloride to form a coloured complex. The absorbance is measured in a Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. The concentration of NO2 is then calculated by using standard graph.

4.2.3.5 Ozone

Ambient air is bubbled at the rate of 1.0 l/min in an impinger containing absorbing solution of 1% of KI in 0.1m Phosphate buffer. The released iodine equivalent of the concentration of oxidant present in the air is determined spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorption of triiodine ion at 352 nm. The concentration of O3 is then calculated by using standard graph.

4.2.3.6 Ammonia

Ambient air is bubbled at the rate of 1.0 l/min in an impinger containing absorbing solution of 0.1N H2SO4. The resultant ammonium sulfate reacted phenol and alkaline NaOH to produce indo phenol, a blue dye. The absorbance is measured in a Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 630 nm. The concentration of NH3 is then calculated by using standard graph.

4.2.3.7 Benzene and Benzo-pyrene

Calibrated Respirable Dust Sampler with EPM2000 micro fibre filter paper was used for the determination. After extraction and sample processing the individual PAH compounds will be determined using capillary gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector.

4.2.3.8 CO The CO content in ambient air was collected in pulse pumps and determined by non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy.

4.2.3.9 Heavy metals The heavy metal like Arsenic, Lead, Nickel, Mercury, Chromium, Selenium, Cobalt, Copper, Zinc and Magnesium were also collected in EPM 2000 filter paper by using High volume sampler. The AAS technique makes use of absorption spectrophotometry to assess the concentration of metals in the sample. The method is based on active sampling using PM10 high volume sampler and then sample analysis is done by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

4.2.3.10 Location of monitoring stations and observations The principle objective of the ambient air quality monitoring is to assess the existing levels of air pollutants as well as the regional background concentration in and around the project area. Air pollution forms an important and critical factor to study the environmental issues in the mining areas. Air quality has to be

IV-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) frequently monitored to know the extent of pollution due to mining and allied activities. The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at ten stations.

The monitoring stations were identified on the basis of meteorology in the upwind and downwind direction as well as to represent the cross sectional scenario of the project site. The monitoring network was designed based on the available meteorological and climatologically norms of predominant wind direction and wind speed of the study region.

The parameters selected for analyzing the air quality status are Particulate Matter <10 & 2.5, Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Heavy Metals. As per the existing norms, air quality monitoring was carried out for the all the parameters under NAAQ standards 2009 for two days in a week for twelve weeks in the season. The location details of ambient air quality monitoring stations are given in the Table - 4.5 and are shown in Plate No 10B.

Table - 4.5 Details of Ambient air quality monitoring stations (Location & Bearing)

SI. Latitude Direction Distance Location Environmental No. Location Name and (from Approx. Code Settings longitude Site) (Km) 20° 56’ 35” N 1 Core zone HA1 - - Core zone 85° 04’ 24” E 20° 56’ 3” N Nearest village Down 2 Natada Village HA2 SW 1.5 85° 04’ 2” E wind 20° 56’ 29” N Surrounded by existing 3 Danara Village HA3 E 3.0 85° 06’ 32” E operating mines Malibandha 20° 56’ 23” N Surrounded by existing 4 HA4 WNW 4.8 Village 85° 01’ 51” E operating mines 20° 55’ 30” N 5 Nisha Village HA5 WSW 7.0 Down wind 85° 00’ 11” E 20° 58’ 34” N Surrounded by existing 6 Kumanda Village HA6 NW 6.0 85° 01’ 47” E operating mines 20° 58’ 46” N 7 Tilepasi Village HA7 NE 4.0 Up wind 85° 05’ 22” E 20° 55’ 31” N Allied Mining Activities 8 Natadi Village HA8 SE 3.0 85° 05’ 56” E Coal Transportation 20° 55’ 28” N 9 Jaganath Colony HA9 E 7.0 MCL Residential colony 85° 08’ 49” E 20° 58’ 14” N 10 Rakas Village HA10 ENE 4.8 Up wind 85° 07’ 22” E

IV-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

4.2.3.11 Rationale behind selection of sampling stations

(i) Core zone (HA1): This location is selected to assess the existing baseline status in the core zone. This will help the project proponent to understand the variation of pollution level after project implementation.

(ii) Natada village (HA2): This location is situated at 1.5 km distance from the mine towards SW direction. This location was selected to assess baseline status at the nearest village in the downwind direction..

(iii) Danara village (HA3): This location is situated at 3.0 km distance from the washery in the East direction and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the populated village near the core zone. More over this village is near to the existing mines operated by MCL.

(iv) Malibandha village (HA4): This location is situated at 4.8 km distance from the washery in the WNW direction and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the populated village in the northwest direction. More over this village is near to the existing mines operated by MCL.

(v) Nisha Village (HA5): This location is situated at 7.0 km distance from the mine towards WSW direction. This location was selected to assess baseline status in the downwind direction.

(vi) Kumanda Village (HA6): This location is situated at 6.0 km distance from the washery in the NW direction and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the populated village in the northwest direction. More over this village is near to the existing mines operated by MCL.

(vii) Tilepasi Village (HA7): This location is situated at a distance of 4.0 km towards NE direction of washery area and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the upwind direction. This location can be considered as control station for AAQ study.

(viii) Natidi Village (HA8): This location is situated at 3.0 km distance from the washery in the SE direction and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the populated village in the South-east quadrant. More over this village is near to the existing mines operated by MCL.

(ix) Jaganath Colony (HA9): This location is situated at a distance of 7.0 km towards east direction of washery area and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the nearby residential colony MCL

(x) Rakas Village (HA10): This location is situated at a distance of 4.8 km towards ENE direction of washery area and it was selected for air quality monitoring to assess baseline status in the upwind direction.

4.2.3.12 Data presentation & analysis The ambient air quality data collected are furnished in Annexure-2 and the abstract of the same is given in the Table-4.6. The heavy metal values are given in Table 4.7

IV-10 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table – 4.6 Ambient Air Quality Status Unit: µg/m3 No. of CPCB Location name & code MIN 98TH MAX AM GM STD Samples Limit PM10 Core zone(HA1) 24 53 80 83 73.6 73.3 6.70 Natada Village (HA2) 24 75 87 89 79.5 79.4 4.30 Danara Village (HA3) 24 86 112 113 100.5 100.3 7.61 Malibanda Village (HA4) 24 82 110 112 98.8 98.5 8.30 Nisha Village (HA5) 24 62 84 86 74.3 74.1 6.52 100 Kumanda Village (HA6) 24 82 105 106 95.3 95.0 6.63 Tilepasi Village (HA7) 24 62 94 95 80.0 79.4 9.65 Natidi Village (HA8) 24 69 106 106 90.0 89.3 10.87 Jaganath Colony (HA9) 24 82 112 115 96.4 95.9 9.94 Rakas Village (HA10) 24 69 102 105 87.0 86.4 10.61 PM2.5 Core zone(HA1) 24 21 32 33 29.4 29.2 2.68 Natada Village (HA2) 24 30 35 36 31.8 31.7 1.82 Danara Village (HA3) 24 34 45 45 40.3 40.2 3.07 Malibanda Village (HA4) 24 33 44 45 39.5 39.3 3.37 Nisha Village (HA5) 24 25 34 34 29.8 29.6 2.61 60 Kumanda Village (HA6) 24 38 49 49 44.3 44.2 3.09 Tilepasi Village (HA7) 24 29 44 44 37.2 36.9 4.45 Natidi Village (HA8) 24 32 49 49 41.8 41.5 5.02 Jaganath Colony (HA9) 24 38 52 53 44.8 44.6 4.70 Rakas Village (HA10) 24 32 47 49 40.4 40.1 5.01

SO2

Core zone(HA1) 24 11.8 17.8 18.4 16.4 16.3 1.49 Natada Village (HA2) 24 16.7 19.3 19.8 17.7 17.7 0.95 Danara Village (HA3) 24 19.1 24.9 25.1 22.3 22.3 1.69 Malibanda Village (HA4) 24 18.2 24.4 24.9 22.0 21.9 1.85 Nisha Village (HA5) 24 13.8 18.7 19.1 16.5 16.5 1.46 80 Kumanda Village (HA6) 24 19.3 24.7 24.9 22.4 22.4 1.56 Tilepasi Village (HA7) 24 14.6 22.1 22.4 18.8 18.7 2.27 Natidi Village (HA8) 24 16.2 24.9 24.9 21.2 21.0 2.56 Jaganath Colony (HA9) 24 19.3 26.4 27.1 22.7 22.6 2.35 Rakas Village (HA10) 24 16.2 24 24.7 20.5 20.3 2.51 NOX Core zone(HA1) 24 14.1 21.3 22.1 19.6 19.5 1.79 Natada Village (HA2) 24 20.0 23.2 23.7 21.2 21.2 1.14 Danara Village (HA3) 24 22.9 29.9 30.1 26.8 26.7 2.04 Malibanda Village (HA4) 24 21.9 29.3 29.9 26.4 26.3 2.22 Nisha Village (HA5) 24 16.5 22.4 22.9 19.8 19.7 1.75 80 Kumanda Village (HA6) 24 21.9 28.0 28.3 25.4 25.3 1.76 Tilepasi Village (HA7) 24 16.5 25.1 25.3 21.3 21.2 2.58 Natidi Village (HA8) 24 18.4 28.3 28.3 24.0 23.8 2.90 Jaganath Colony (HA9) 24 21.9 29.9 30.7 25.7 25.6 2.66 Rakas Village (HA10) 24 18.4 27.2 28.0 23.2 23.0 2.82

IV-11 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table – 4.6 Ambient Air Quality Status (Contd.) Unit: µg/m3

SI. No. of CPCB Parameters Range No. Samples Limit

1 Corban Monoxide (µg/m3) 24 BDL (<114.5) 2000

2 Ammonia (µg/m3) 24 20.0 – 38.3 400

3 Ozone (µg/m3) 24 5.3 – 11.5 100

4 Benzene (µg/m3) 24 <0.001 5

5 Lead (µg/m3) 24 <0.01 – 0.19 1

6 Benzo-pyrene (ng/m3) 24 <0.01 1

7 Arsenic(ng/m3) 24 <0.01 6

8 Nickel (ng/m3) 24 <0.01 20

Table – 4.7 Analyses of Heavy Metals Unit: µg/m3

Location Code Co Hg Se Cr Cu Mn Zn <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.09 0.11 1.05 HA1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.13 1.09 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.08 0.09 0.94 HA2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.07 0.99 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.04 0.12 0.78 HA3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.14 0.85 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.04 0.10 0.69 HA4 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.09 0.85 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 0.09 0.66 HA5 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.08 0.82 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.07 0.10 0.92 HA6 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.09 0.09 1.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.07 0.94 HA7 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.08 0.06 0.92 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.04 0.07 1.00 HA8 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.08 0.98 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 0.09 0.64 HA9 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.11 0.52 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.08 0.69 HA10 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.06 0.06 0.83

Core zone 3 3 3 PM10 and PM2.5 values are ranging from 53 g/m to 83 g/m and 21 g/m to 3 33 g/m respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 11.8 to 18.4 g/m3 and 14.1 to 21.1 g/m3 respectively. Ozone and Ammonia values are ranging from 5.3 to 8.6µg/m3 and 20.0 to 27.7µg/m3 respectively. The other AAQ parameters like Carbon Monoxide, Benzene, BaP, Arsenic, Lead and Nickel

IV-12 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) values were found to be Below Detectable Limits (BDL). All other heavy metals like Co, Hg, Se, Cr, Cu, Mn. Zn are found to be very low and negligible. All the values are found to be within the CPCB Standards.

Buffer zone 3 3 PM10 and PM2.5 values are ranging from 62 g/m3 to 115 g/m and 25 g/m to 3 53 g/m respectively. SO2 and NOx values are varying between 13.8 to 27.1 g/m3 and 16.5 to 30.7 g/m3 respectively. Ozone and Ammonia values are ranging from 6.5 to 11.5µg/m3 and 20.7 to 38.3µg/m3 respectively. The other AAQ parameters like Carbon Monoxide, Benzene, BaP, Arsenic, and Nickel values were found to be Below Detectable Limits (BDL). The Lead value was found to be in range of <0.01 to 0.19 g/m3. All other heavy metals like Co, Hg, Se, Cr, Cu, Mn. Zn are found to be very low and negligible. All the values except PM10are found to be within the CPCB Standards.

4.2.3.13 Summary

The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 10 location including one location in Core zone. A total of 24 samples for each parameter at each location at regular interval were collected. In general, all the parameters monitored were found to be well within the prescribed limits of CPCB at Core zone. The PM10 values monitored at 6 locations out of 9 locations in buffer zone were found to be exceeding the limits. The maximum observed value was 115 g/m3 at Jaganath Colony. The PM10 values were also found to be exceeding in the other monitoring locations like Danara village, Malibandha Village, Kumanda Village, Natidi village and Rakas village. These may be due to the fugitive emission from the transportation and other allied mining activates in the buffer area. There are about 5 open cast mines in operation in the study area by MCL. However all other parameters except PM10 were found to be well within the limit.

IV-13 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Air sampling station – Core zone (HA1)

Air sampling station – Buffer Zone (Kumanda Village (HA6))

IV-14 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 4.2.4 Water Environment Water samples were collected and analyzed as per procedures outlined in IS- 2488/ IS-3025 / AWWA / APHA. Sterilized bottles were used for collection of water sample for bacteriological analysis, stored in icebox and transported to the laboratory for the analysis. Parameters like pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Residual Chlorine, Conductivity, Free Ammonia, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness and Magnesium Hardness were analyzed in the field while collecting the samples. MPN index of Coli forms are determined in the laboratory as per standard methods. The analyses were carried out as per the BIS & APHA standard methods.

4.2.4.1 Rationale behind selection of sampling stations

Any adverse impact or pollution consequence of water will have serious effect on the environment. Hence, it becomes important to assess the water quality periodically in the mining area. Thus, to assess the water quality, nine locations are identified and samples (9 Nos.) were collected and analyzed for physico- chemical and heavy metal parameters. Bacterial examination was also carried out to find out the Coliform contamination (if any) at water sources. The water quality assessment has been made from the following monitoring stations and is shown in Table 4.8 and plate No. 10C

Table – 4.8 Details of Water quality monitoring stations

Direction Distance SI. Location Latitude and Environmental Location Name (from Approx. No. Code longitude Settings Site) (Km)

Dug well, near Temple, 20° 56’ 04” N Ground water in 1 W1 SW 1.3 Natada village 85° 04’ 18” E up stream 20° 55’ 27” N Ground water in 2 Hand pump, Natidi village W2 SE 3.0 85° 05’ 56” E up stream 20° 58’ 46” N Ground water in 3 Bore well water, Tileipasi W3 NE 4.0 85° 05’ 22” E Down stream 20° 59’ 45” N Ground water in 4 Open well, Kandhaberani W4 N 5.8 85° 05’ 15” E Down stream 20° 55’ 16” N Surface water in 5 Pond water, Natidi village W5 SE 3.8 85° 05’ 38” E up stream Nearest nalla to Singharha Nalla near 20° 58’ 29” N 6 W6 NW 5.4 the proposed Kumanda village 85° 01’ 56” E washery 21° 00’ 11” N Surface water in 7 Pond water, Kandhaberani W7 N 6.0 85° 05’ 36” E Down stream 20° 56’ 35” N Existing drain 8 Garland Drain, Core zone W8 - - 85° 04’ 24” E near core zone mine discharge Mine Discharge, Balaram 20° 57’ 12” N 9 W9 NW 2.5 near to Core OCP. 85° 05’ 54” E zone

IV-15 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

4.2.4.2 Data presentation & analysis The detailed water quality data generated are given in Annexure-3. The abstract of water quality status is furnished in Table 4.9-4.11.

Table – 4.9 Waste water Quality Status Suspended Source pH BOD (mg/l) COD (mg/l) Solids (mg/l) Mine discharge 7.49 4 1 70

GSR 422E Norms 5.5-9.0 100 30 250

Table – 4.10 Ground Water Quality Status

Total Turbidity Chloride Sulphate Fluoride pH TDS (mg/l) Hardness Iron (mg/l) (NTU) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) Source (mg/l) Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

Drinking / Ground 6.94 7.38 2 8 73 599 28 285 <0.001 0.64 14 125 5 88 <0.001 0.1 Water

IS 10500- 2012 6.5-8.5 1 - 5 500-2000 200-600 0.3 250-1000 200-400 1.0 – 1.5 Norms

Table – 4.11 Surface water quality status

Colour pH TDS (mg/l) Iron (mg/l) Chloride (mg/l) Sulphate (mg/l) (Hazen Units ) Source

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

River 6.78 7.68 13 45 116 310 0.61 5.64 11 37 6 38

IS:2296-1982 6.5-8.5 300 1500 50 600 400

4.2.4.3 Summary

At all locations, oil and grease, phenolic compounds, cyanides, sulphides and insecticides were found to be absent and all heavy metal values except Iron and Zinc were found to be below the detectable limit. The maximum value of iron content was 0.64 mg/l of the bore well water collected in Telepasi village, which was found to be exceeding the limit. In general, the water quality at all eight locations were found to be well within the prescribed norms of GSR: 422E, IS: 10500 - 2012 and IS: 2296 - 1982.

IV-16 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Water Sampling - Pond water, Natidi village (W5)

Water Sampling - Garland Drain, Core zone (W8)

IV-17 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Water Sampling - Mine Discharge, Balaram OCP (W9)

Water Sampling - Bore well water, Telepasi (W3)

IV-18 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 4.2.5 Noise Environment

Ambient noise level measurements in four co-ordinal directions were carried out using CYGNET sound level meter, with windscreen during daytime as well as night time. Noise measurements were made at 1.5 m above ground and about 3m away from walls, buildings or other sound reflecting sources. The readings were taken at an interval of one minute for 30 minutes and mean Leq. values have been reported. Ambient noise levels are compared with CPCB Norms.

4.2.5.1 Rationale behind selection of sampling stations

To know the background ambient noise level at the Hingula washery and surrounding environment 10 locations (one in core zone and nine in buffer zone) were identified for baseline study. The noise level monitoring stations are given below and are shown in Plate No. 10B and given in Table 4.12.

TABLE –4.12 Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Stations

Distance SI. Location Latitude and Direction Location Name Class Approx. No. Code longitude (from Site) (Km)

Industrial 20° 56’ 35” N 1 Core zone N1 - - area 85° 04’ 24” E 20° 56’ 3” N 2 Natada Village N2 SW 1.5 85° 04’ 2” E 20° 56’ 29” N 3 Danara Village N3 E 3.0 85° 06’ 32” E 20° 56’ 23” N 4 Malibandha Village N4 WNW 4.8 85° 01’ 51” E 20° 55’ 30” N 5 Nisha Village N5 WSW 7.0 85° 00’ 11” E Residential 20° 58’ 34” N 6 Kumanda Village N6 NW 6.0 area 85° 01’ 47” E 20° 58’ 46” N 7 Tileipasi Village N7 NE 4.0 85° 05’ 22” E 20° 55’ 31” N 8 Natidi Village N8 SE 3.0 85° 05’ 56” E 20° 55’ 28” N 9 Jaganath Colony N9 E 7.0 85° 08’ 49” E 20° 58’ 14” N 10 Rakas Village N10 ENE 4.8 85° 07’ 22” E

IV-19 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 4.2.5.2 Data presentation & analysis

The generated noise level data are given in Annexure-4 and the abstract is furnished in Tables 4.13.

Table – 4.13: Noise level status Mean Noise level (dB(A)) Noise level Standards Zone Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime

Core zone 43.7 - 46.1 38.9 - 40.6 75 65

Buffer zone 42.2 - 57.4 36.5 - 45.0 55 45

Mean Leq noise levels at Core zone day time and night time were ranging from 43.7 to 46.1 dB(A) and 38.9 to 40.6 dB(A) respectively. Mean Leq noise levels at buffer zone day time and night time were ranging from 42.2 to 57.4 dB(A) and 36.5 to 45.0 dB(A) respectively in the study area. It was found that the day time noise level at 3 locations were slightly exceeding the limits. While comparing with IS: 4954 -1986 norms for acceptable outdoor noise levels all are other locations were found to be well within the prescribed limits.

4.2.6 Socio-Economic Environment Household sample survey 4.2.6.1 Introduction

The sample households were selected by multistage sampling method. There were total of 41 villages within the 10 km radius and out of that 12 villages were surveyed for the household survey. The corezone is about 17 Hectares in barren land and no households were found in core zone area. However, 12 villages were selected in buffer zone. Wherever possible, the data pertaining to both the villages have been also used for interpretation. Other than household survey, village profile has been made with the help of interview guide. Caste information, economic activities, information and health status have been estimated based on the village profile questionnaire. Details of House hold survey data has been enclosed in Annexure-6E

IV-20 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Table No- 4.14 LIST OF THE VILLAGES IN STUDY AREA

Sl. No. Name of Village Buffer Zone 1 Ambapal 2 Anlabereni 3 Baghabaspur 4 Baleswar 5 Balichandrapur 6 Banabaspur 7 Barapali 8 Barham 9 Bethianali 10 Bhalugadia 11 Bhubanpur 12 Chitalpur 13 Danara (CT) 14 Ekadal 15 Ekadal 16 Hiloi 17 Jamubahali 18 Jamunali 19 Jamunali 20 Joragadia 21 Joragadia 22 Kalamchhuin 23 Kankarei 24 Karnapur 25 Karnapur 26 Kulei 27 Kumunda 28 Kusumpal 29 Kusumpal 30 Mallibandha 31 Nakeipasi 32 Natada 33 Natedi 34 Nisa 35 Paranga 36 Puriabeda 37 Sanamahitala 38 Satyabadipur 39 Solada 40 Subarnapur 41 Tileipasi

Note: No households in Core zone

IV-21 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 4.2.6.2 Methodology While deciding the number of sample households a minimum of 11 houses and maximum of 31 houses were interviewed. On the basis of household sample survey, inferences are made about occupation, health aspects, religion, community, income, expenditure, family size and environmental problems of the study area. The household sample survey villages and results are given Annexure 6E.

4.2.6.3 Present status and validation of Households in Study Area Core Zone The core zone is about 17 Hectares in barren land and no Households were found in core zone area.

Buffer Zone The summary of demographic profile as per primary data (as per house hold survey) is given in Annexure 6E. The summary of demographic profile as per census data for 12 house hold villages and 41 villages in 10 km radius are given in Table 4.16 & 4.17 respectively. 12 villages were surveyed in buffer zone of project area. As per census 2011, a total of 4426 household were found in these villages and out of that 250 households were taken consisting of 1047 individuals with 555 male and 492 female. The male/ female ratio was 886 females per thousand male in the primary data, whereas this figure was 910 in the Census 2011. The summary of demographic profile as per primary data (house hold survey) is given in Table 4.15. The summary of demographic profile as per census data for 12 house hold villages and 41 villages in 10 km radius are given in Table 4.16 & 4.17 respectively. The summary of civil amenities as per census data for 12 house hold villages and 41 villages in 10 km radius are given in Table 4.18 & 4.19 respectively. The interpretation as per primary data and census data is given below:

a. Family size The average family size is 4.1 in the primary data whereas it is 4.5 in the Census 2011.

b. Age and Sex composition (0-6 Age Group) The percentage composition of 0-6 age group is 120, which is 11.5% of the total population while it is 22700, which is 11.2% as per the Census 2011.

c. Religion and Community According to the primary data the SC population are 17.2% and ST population 5.7%. According to Census 2011 the percentage of SC population is 17.3%. The percentage of ST population is 4.8%.

d. Literates The literacy rate is 72% according to primary data and according to Census 2011 this figure is 68.9%.

IV-22 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) e. Occupational structure According to primary source the total household is 250, out of which 75(30%) householders are private worker and 69(27.6%) householders are MCL and Govt. worker. 28(11.2%) householders are cultivators and 78(31.2%) householders are non agricultural labors.

According to Census data number of main worker is 5229(26%). 1161(5.8%) people are cultivators and the number of agricultural laborers is 1039(5.2%) of the total population.

f. Housing Pattern

Based on household sample survey the houses are mostly terrace and tiles roofed with cement and earth floor and brick walls.

g. Income level (Yearly) Income status of household in project area:

S.No. Income Slab %

1. less than 12000 0

2. 12000 - 24000 0

3. 24000 - 60000 19.2

4 60000 - 120000 50.8

5 More than 120000 30.0

Total: 100.0

(Source- Primary data) h. Cropping Pattern

Based on household sample survey, the crops are mainly rice and vegetables. The source of irrigation is mainly rain water . i. Infrastructural facilities (i) Drinking Water

Based on household sample survey, the drinking water source in the village is mainly open well, hand pumps and MCL tankers. (ii) Educational Institutions Based on the household sample survey, most of the villages in the study area, Middle school is available for education.

IV-23 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

(iii) Health care facilities

Based on household sample survey, primary dispensary is not available. The nearest town Kalam chhuin where health centers is available for people in this study area. (iv) Power supply

Based on the household sample survey, the villages in the study area are 100% electrical power supply. (v) Transportation Based on the household sample survey, most of the villages in the study area are having no bus facilities. (vi) Communication

Based on the household sample survey, most of the villages in the study area are not having post office and telegraph facilities. The nearest post office available is at Ambapal,Nisa,Danara,Kalam chhuin. (vii) Alcohol and other Toxicants

Based on the household sample survey, the higher percentage of male backward population is found to be addicted to alcohol and other toxicants in most of the villages in the study area. (viii) Fuel used for cooking

Based on the household sample survey the villages in the study area, fuel used for cooking coal 25.6%, firewood 53.2% and LPG 21.2%. (ix) Type of Toilets

Based on the household sample survey the villages in the study area, 24.1% houses are without toilet. They use the open land for this purpose. (x) Historical or heritage

Based on the household sample survey the area has Hingula Temple.

IV-24 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TABLE No. 4.15 Summary demography as per Sample Survey Buffer Zone

study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Population 1047 Male 555(53) Female 492(47.0) 2 Schedule Caste Male 94(9.0) Female 86(8.2) Total Schedule Caste 180(17.2) 3 Schedule Tribe Male 33(3.1) Female 27(2.6) Total Schedule Tribe 60(5.7) 4 Others 807(77.0) 5 Total Literates 754(77.1) Male 463(44.2) Female 291(27.8)

Buffer Zone

study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Total house 250 2 M.C.L Govt. 69(27.6) 3 Private Workers 75(30) 4 Cultivators 28(11.2) 5 Non Agricultural Labors 78(31.2)

IV-25 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) TABLE No. 4.16 Summary demography as per census (12 villages) Buffer Zone study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Population 20148 Male 10545(52.3) Female 9603(47.7) 2 Schedule Caste Male 1764(8.8) Female 1716(8.5) Total Schedule Caste 3480(17.3) 3 Schedule Tribe Male 500(2.5) Female 472(2.3) Total Schedule Tribe 972(4.8) 4 Others 15696(77.9) 5 Total Literates 13890(68.9) Male 8026(39.8) Female 5864(29.1)

Buffer Zone study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Population 20148 2 Total Worker Population 6752(33.5) 3 Male Working Population 5626(27.9) 4 Female Working Population 1126(5.6) 5 Main Workers 5229(26.0) 6 Marginal Workers 1523(7.6) 7 Non Workers 19603(97.3) 8 Cultivators 1161(5.8) 9 Agricultural Labourers 1039(5.2)

IV-26 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TABLE No. 4.17 Summary demography as per census (41 villages) Buffer Zone

Total study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Population 50859 Male 26409 Female 24450 2 Schedule Caste Male 5207(10.2) Female 5026(9.9) Total Schedule Caste 10233(20.1) 3 Schedule Tribe Male 2120(4.1) Female 2124(4.2) Total Schedule Tribe 4244(8.3) 4 Others 36382(71.6) 5 Total Literates 33559(66.0) Male 19404(38.2) Female 14155(27.8)

Buffer Zone Total study area Sl.No. Description (Percentage % in brackets) 1 Population 50859 2 Total Worker Population 18178(35.7) 3 Male Working Population 14312(28.1) 4 Female Working Population 3866(7.6) 5 Main Workers 12314(24.2) 6 Marginal Workers 4579(9.0) 7 Non Workers 32681(64.3) 8 Cultivators 3746(7.3) 9 Agricultural Labourers 3625(7.1)

IV-27 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TABLE No. 4.18 Summary civil amenities as per census (12 villages) Buffer Zone

Sl.No. Description Total 1. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Primary School 11 Middle School 10 Secondary School 6 College 0 2. MEDICAL FACILITIES Primary Dispensary Primary Health Centre 1 Hospital 0 3. POWER SUPPLY 8 Elect. for Irrigation Domestic Use 4 Industrial and Commercial 4. DRINKING WATER Well 12 Tank 6 Tube Well 0 Hand Pump 12 River Nallah 2 Canal 0 5. COMMUNICATION Pucca Road 2 Kucha Road 12 Railway 0 Foot path Bus Stop 5 6. POST AND TELEGRAPH Post Office 5 Telegraph Office 0

IV-28 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

TABLE No. 4.19 Summary civil amenities as per census (41 villages) Buffer Zone

Sl.No. Description Total 1. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Primary School 32 Middle School 19 Secondary School 12 Others 1 2. MEDICAL FACILITIES Primary Dispensary Primary Health Centre 1 Hospital 0 3. POWER SUPPLY 27 Elect. for Irrigation Domestic Use 17 Industrial and Commercial 4. DRINKING WATER Well 40 Tank 25 Tube Well 0 Hand Pump 40 River Nallah 7 Canal 0 5. COMMUNICATION Pucca Road 7 Kucha Road 39 Railway 0 Foot path Bus Stop 11 6. POST AND TELEGRAPH Post Office 10 Telegraph Office 0

IV-29 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Summary of Demographic profile as per Sample Survey

Population

47% 53%

Male Female

Figure 4.2

Social Structure

17.2% 5.7%

77.1%

Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribes Others

Figure 4.3

IV-30 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Literacy

28.0% 44.2%

27.8%

Male Literates Female Literates Illiterates

Figure 4.4

Workers Distribution

31% 28%

11% 30%

M.C.L. Govt. Private Workers Cultivators Others

Figure 4.5

IV-31 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Summary Demographic profile as per Census

Population

47.7% 52.3%

Male Female

Figure 4.6

Social Structure

17.3% 4.8%

77.9%

Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribes Others

Figure 4.7

IV-32 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Literacy

31.1% 39.8%

29.1%

Male Literates Female Literates Illiterates

Figure 4.8

Workers Distribution

13.2% 22.6% 7.0% 3.8%

53.4%

Cultivators Agri. Labours Household workers Others Marginal workers

Figure 4.9

4.2.6.4 Conclusion Under this project, villages have been surveyed in order to focus the living standard, occupational position and the possession of assets of the villagers. Villagers taken under this project still cultivate their land in a traditional pattern and they are dependent mostly upon seasonal rain. The prominent occupations of the villagers are cultivation (agriculture) and non-agriculture workers. Some of the villagers are employed under M.C.L also. Villages have been developed to the extent that Govt. health and primary education facilities are well available there. A vital improvement has also been seen in the living standard of the villagers. Televisions have joined radios in almost every household as a medium of entertainment and communication. Villagers are also enjoying other electrical accessories due

IV-33 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) to availability of power supply. People use two wheelers for purpose of travelling. In addition to some kachcha houses, most of other houses are made of concrete. M.C.L runs various projects in order to provide basic facilities like health, water, road and community hall etc. to the villagers. These M.C.L projects have directly or indirectly created various opportunities of employment in the region. A large number of villagers are engaged in such projects. These additional employments have big role in improving the living standards of villagers.

4.2.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The basic objectives of the study are to evaluate the status of the flora and fauna of the core zone and the buffer zone with specific reference to the rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) species. Core zone is defined as the area required for the plant and temporary storage for reject while the surrounding areas up to a distance of 10 km from the boundary of the core zone is described as the buffer zone. The study is also designed to evaluate the adverse impacts of the proposed washery and to suggest remedial/mitigation measures in accordance with the objectives as desired by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India.

4.2.7.1 Methodology of Sampling: Flora and fauna studies were carried out during the month of June-2014, to assess the list of terrestrial plant and animal species that occur in the core zone and the buffer zone up to 10km distance from the core zone. The entire core zone and its buffer zone have been surveyed for enumeration of flora and fauna. Within the core zone, 6 locations of 100m2 each were chosen or phyto-sociological investigation using restricted random sampling techniques. Within the 10km buffer zone, 10 samples of 100m2 each were chosen at random. Analysis of vegetation was done using samples of 100 m x 10 m belt transects for tree species, 10 m x 10 m quadrats for shrubs and 1 m x 1 m quadrats for herbs. Equipment / Instruments deployed:

 Quadrats  Measuring tapes,  GPS  Camera  Binocular  Plankton net  Storage PP bottles and  Insect sweep nest etc.

4.2.7.2 Rationale behind sampling As the core and buffer zones were subject to anthropogenic disturbances and other biotic pressures, the original natural vegetation has been modified. The distributions of different species do not follow a normal or

IV-34 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) random pattern. On the other hand, the pattern of distribution was modified by such practices as denudation, introduction, afforestation etc. In view of the above, restricted random techniques were used. In this process, the number of samples in different formations and communities are proportionate to the total area under that community. In case of vertebrate species, no sampling could be done. Depending on as and when sighted, the species are recorded if found within the delimited project and buffer zones, the animal (fauna) species are listed on secondary data and circumstances evidence besides direct observations. These techniques are accepted in EIA studies as per the EIA Notification of 2006.

4.2.7.3 Status of flora and fauna in the Core zone 4.2.7.3.1 Flora in the core zone Maximum area of the core zone is barren land and scrubland. During floristic survey in the core zone of Hingula Washery, a total of 34 plant species were recorded out of which 18 herbs, 5 shrubs and 11 species of Trees. There were no rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) plant species in Core zone. List of plant species found in core zone is given in Annexure – 7B

4.2.7.3.2 Fauna in the core zone The Invertebrates fauna recorded in this core zone were 4 species of Phylum Annelida and 10 species of phylum Arthropoda. Observed Vertebrates were 5 species of Amphibians and 5 species of Reptiles belongs to the schedule IV as per Wildlife Protection Act. Avian fauna recorded in this zone were mostly migratory birds since there were no permanent habitats of them encountered during survey. Seventeen species of avi-fauna were observed belong to schedule IV. There were four species of mammals observed three species belongs to schedule IV, one species status not enlisted. There is no specific migratory route in the core zone.

4.2.7.4 Status of flora in the Buffer zone The buffer zone is relatively rich in habitat and biodiversity due to forest area, plantation, scrublands, residential, agricultural, sacred groves and avenue/road side plants which enhance diversity of buffer zone. There were 133 species of plants recorded in the buffer zone the entire list given in the different tables among them Trees were 55, Shrubs and Herbs 39.

4.2.7.4.1 Agricultural crops Crop fields located close to the Danara, Natara, Natadi, TilePasi and Nisha villages were surveyed for enlisting agricultural crops in study area, the buffer zone. Besides the agriculture biodiversity that is of great economic significance is the domesticated diversity of the plant species made by farmers the long farming tradition, soil, topography and rainfall variation have permitted the development of diverse agriculture ecosystems in turn enhance the biodiversity in the buffer zone. Which include 23 species of

IV-35 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) agriculture crops (Table) viz. Arachis hypogea, Dolichos biflorus, Oriza sativa, Sesamum indicum, Triticum aestivum, Vigna mungo, Vigna Musa acuminate radiate, Zea mays, Achras sapota, Citrus medica. Citrus aurantifolia, Mangifera indica, Psidium guyava, Abelmoschus esculentus, Allium cepa, Capsicum annuum, Caricca papaya, Dolichos lablab, Lycopersicon esculentum, Moringa oleifera, Solanum melongena and Solanum tuberosum. Fruit trees of Mango, Guava, Sapota, custard apple, Casuarinfa and Eucalyptus, Teak and Subabul are the common avenue trees scattered/densely populated in different roadside plantations, scrubland, green belt development and forest areas.

4.2.7.4.2 Commercial crops In some of the area local people use to grow vegetables to sale in the local market. A part of the vegetables grown by them is also meant for their day –to -day requirements.

4.2.7.4.3 Plantation Road side plantations are done mostly for shadowing the road net works important species wereArtocarpus intigrifofta, Casia tora, Tamarindus indica, Caesalpinia pulcherima, Moringa oleifera, Psidium guava, Phoenix dactylifera, Ficus bengalensis, Mangifera indica, Micheiia champaka, Dendrocafamus strictus, Borassus flabellifer, Saraca indica, Ficus hispsda, Madhuca indica, Melia azadirachta and Zizyphus jujube, Besides road side plantation, often mixed mango grooves were also noticed close to some of the villages in the study area. One such mango groove path studied was close to Danara. Tree species recorded were Shorea robasta, Madhucha indica and Mangifera indica. In the floor of the grooves the saplings of Holarhena antedysenterica, Dyosterus melanoylon and occasionally Butea monosperma were noticed.

4.2.7.4.4 Natural vegetation / forest type For the survey of natural vegetation and forest type in the study area the following sites were inspected. 1). Rakas R.F., 2). Kandhaberani and 3). Kandhal R.F., forests are situated in the study area. These three forest areas are located on the plane lands. The dominant plant species observed in this section are Acacia auriculiformis, Bauhinia racemosa, Mangifera indica, Morinda tinctoria, Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia tomentosa, Acacia arabica, Adhatoda vasica, Bauhinia purpurea, Ficus benghalensis, Mimuso pselengii, Pterocarpus marsupium, Terminalia bellerica, Ziyphus jujube, Alstonia scholaris, Buchanania lanzan, Cassia siamea, Michelia champaca, Anogeissus latifolia, Dalbergia paniculata, Ficus glomerata, Polyathia longifolia, Acacia leucophloea, Albizzia chinensis, Gmelina arborea, Sterculi aurens, Zizyphus xyloria, Terminalia chebula, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Syzyzium cumini, Acacia catechu, Adina cordifolia, Anthocephalus cadamba, Bauhinia veriegata, Cereya arborea, Diospyros melanoxylon, Gardenia latifolia, Phoenix sylvestris, Pongamia pinnata, Wrightia tinctoria, Ailanthus exelsa, Mitragyna parviflora, Moringa oleifera, Emblica robusta, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Butea monosperma, Dalbergialatifolia, Ficus religiosa,

IV-36 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Putranjiva roxburghii, Lanneaco romondelica, Dalbergialatifolia, Albizzialebek, Bombaxceiba, Boswellia serrata, Cassia fistula, Legerstroemia parviflora, Shorea robusta, Tectona grandis, Albizzia procera and Tamarindus indica etc.

The vegetation in the North West section is much thick as compared to the North East section and dominated by thick forest areas. Sampling location selected for the study area is Kumunda. The plant species observed in the forest and non forest area are more or less similar to the North East area. Detailed vegetation analysis of these forest sites revealed that forests are categonzeO as tropical dry deciduous type. All these forests are mostly opsiy canopied due to biotic interference and have Shorea robusta as the dominant species. Other co-dominant species areBuchanania lanzan and Terminalia tomentosa. Thus vegetation of the site can be categorized as Shorea-Buchanania -Terminalia type.

4.2.7.4.5 Aquatic flora Following aquatic plant species were recorded while inspecting some of the ponds in the core zone. SI No. Species Local name 1. Ipomoea crassicaulis Amari 2 Ipomoea aquatica Kalama 3. Nymphea alba Dhalakain 4. Nympheastellata Nilakain 5. Nympheanouchalli Lai kain 6 Phytoplanktons

4.2.7.4.6 Endangered/ Endemic species. During the period of survey in the buffer zone, no endangered or endemic species could be noticed.The vegetation of the buffer zone comprises of scrubland, forest patch, agriculture field and village as well as roadside trees. In the scrubland Holorrhena antidysenterica is the dominant species. Scrublands are the product of heavy biotic interference. The nature of forest is open canopy, dry deciduous type with Sal as the dominant species. Mahul is the other co-dominant species in the area. There is also agricultural activity particularly rice cultivation. The buffer zone does not contain any endangered or rare plant species.

4.2.7.5 Status of fauna in the Buffer zone 4.2.7.5.1 Amphibians and Reptiles During field survey species like House lizard (Hemidactylus brooki), Rock gaeko (Hemidactylus maculates), Garden gaeko (Colotes versicolor), Skink (Mabuyabibroni) were observed in different locations of buffer zone. During public consultation it was noted that, some common species of reptiles and amphibians found in these region are Indian Python (Python molurus), Common Indian krait (Dendrelaphisa haetulla), Indian cobra (Naja naja), Russell’s viper (Ophiophogus hannah), Common Indian toad (Bufo melanosticus), Balloon frog (Uperodon globulosus), Paddy field frog

IV-37 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) (Ranalimnocharis). The list of Reptiles and Amphibians recorded in core and buffer zone of the study area of proposed project site is presented in respective Tables.

4.2.7.5.2 Avifauna The birds diversity has been estimated in four most important habitat types, i.e. human habitation, agriculture fields, forest area and water bodies. The observations were made based on direct sightings and birdcalls. The core zone of the study area covers village areas and agriculture fields and consists of bushy vegetation which attracts passerine birds. In the north East boundary,Brahmani River is flowing through the study area. This river attracts many bird species including species like Indian pond heron (Ardeola grayii), Cattle egret (Bubucus ibis), Red wattled lapwing (Vanellus indicus), Indian small blue kingfisher (Alcedo attahis), Indian white breasted kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), Indian little ringed plover (Charadriusdubius) etc.

During the survey within villages, several species of birds were observed in the agriculture fields. The most common species observed were Indian spotted dove (Stretopelia chinensis), South Indian black drongo (Dicrurus adsimilis), Indian myna (Acrido therestristis), Indian small green bee eater (Merops orientalis), Indian house crow (Corvus splendens), Indian little brown dove (Stretopelia senegalensis), Large Indian parakeet (Psitta culaeupatria), Rose- ringed parakeet (Psittacu lakrameri), Indian golden oriole (Oriolu soriolus), and Indian house sparrow (Passer domesticus) etc. List of birds observed in core and buffer zone in the study area are presented in respective tables.

4.2.7.5.3 Mammals During the survey no elephant was seen by the team. But during public consultation the villagers mentioned the presence of elephant herds which were often seen in agriculture fields during winter every year. Elephants visit the following region of the study area in search of food. This area has prominent patches of vegetation and forest area. Thus, the entry of elephants within the area is through specific path. The villages which are mostly affected by the elephant movement are Natri, Banbaspur, Ambapala, Kumunda, Malibandha and Balichandrapur. The probable reason for their movement into human habitation is availability of easy food sources like paddy field, banana plantation etc. which are major crops in this area. The dense patches of forest in this region form ideal places for food and shelter for them. This movement of elephants gives rise to man animal conflicts which emphasizes on the need of habitat conservation for elephants in this region.

4.2.7.6 Conclusion and General Remark Elephants and Sloth bear are the only migratory mammals in the area coming from distant places during forest fire. However, it is not a common migratory route for wild animals.

IV-38 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) In the project area, forest area was noticed as fragmented patches due to human habitation pressure in buffer zone. The nature of the forest is open canopied dry deciduous type. At many places, the forest because of biotic interference has been converted to scrubland. Biotic pressure has also affected the natural wild life fauna of the area. The area, as revealed from the survey, does not support any rare and endangered flora and fauna.

4.2.7.7 BROAD OBSERVATION OF THE FLORA & FAUNA STUDY The report reveals the presence of following wild animals in buffer zones under different Schedules of the Wild life (Protection) Act 1972. All such animals are found in other parts of the State. The area does not have any endangered species. The records of faunal species collected during the survey were based on both direct and indirect evidences. As per the informal discussions with the local people, the schedule I and II fauna such as Elephas maximus, Melusrus ursinus, and Golden jackel, Canis aureus Juncle cat, Felis chaus, and Phyton, Python molurus were not very frequently seen in the Buffer zone. Thus, during the period of survey in the buffer zone, no endangered or endemic species could be noticed. Faunal Impacts were assessed in regard to the following issues. Habitat Loss and Wildlife Migration Patterns. No significant habitat loss is anticipated. Potential wildlife crossing zones were not identified by experts of Ecology, Flora and Fauna. There was no residential birds or wild mammals evidenced by the absence of nests of birds resting or hiding places of mammals. Observed avi-fauna in the core area were common birds. No threatened or endangered floral species are located within the core and buffer zone of the project area. After the detailed flora and fauna study within the buffer zone, it was observed that is no migratory corridor of fauna in the study area. No ecologically sensitive area (National Park / WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc) lies within the 15km buffer zone.

Details of Flora and Fauna data has been enclosed in Annexure-7A & 7B

4.2.8 Solid Waste facility

4.2.8.1 Washery Reject Major solid waste generated from washery shall be “Washery Rejects”. Total quantity of rejects that shall be generated from the washery is 1.09 MTPA at the rate of 193.0 TPH.

The rejects generated from the HM Cyclone circuit as well as the products of Belt Press Filters shall be collected by reject belt conveyor and shall be transported to proposed temporary storage site, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m), adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery, through covered belt conveyor (01 Nos. and capacity 400 TPH).The reject site of 10 ha, about 760 m from the washery site, is sufficient to temporarily accommodate the available reject (@193 TPH) for 6 months. However, rejects shall not be stored at temporary storage site beyond 3 months. Height

IV-39 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) of discharge point of the conveyor shall preferably be kept above 15 m level for effective storage of rejects. The reject from the temporary storage site shall be disposed off by selling it to interested consumers either through e-auction or MoU route and the reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations.

4.2.8.2 Other Solid wastes generated During construction of washery, waste generated shall be limited to construction materials, debris etc. which shall either be leveled in the low lying areas within the premises or back filled where ever required in the plant during construction of roads and embankments. Other waste envisaged from within the plant shall be leaf sweepings, road sweepings and recyclable wastes such as paper and plastic. The recyclable waste shall be sold to authorizes recycling vendors while the organic components such as leaf sweepings shall be composted and used as manure. The DG set operation and other machinery /vehicles will generate used oil which will be stored and sold to authorized waste oil recyclers, thus oil and grease collected from oil water separator shall also be sold to authorized recyclers. Similarly, batteries will also be sold to authorized battery recyclers.

IV-40 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER - 5

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES

5.0 GENERAL The major potential source of environmental contamination from coal washeries includes: washery rejects (solid waste), liquid effluent streams, coal storage and handling (fugitive dust and runoff), and coal transportation (fugitive dust). Coal washery rejects consists of coal and other minerals associated with the coal seam. The main air pollutant from storage, transportation and handling of raw coal and washed coal is fugitive dust. The water pollutants directly associated with the washing of coal are primarily dissolved and suspended solids. The dissolved solids are mostly inorganic in nature.

5.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT The proposed site has 17 Hectares land for plant and 10 Hectares for temporary storage of rejects. Various installations required for the washery will be suitably located within the area of 17 Ha. The major portion of the land for proposed washery is Barren/scrubland and no nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery. Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of Hingula Washery Project based on Satellite Data of the Year 2013 is enclosed as Plate no. 8 in the EIA/EMP report. Table 5.1: Existing Land use pattern Type of Land/Area in Ha Description of the S No. Barren Backfilled Structure Barren/Scrubland Area 1 Washery 17 - Reject Storage 2 - 10 Site

Proposed Area for Hingula Washery showing Barren and Scrubland of core zone

V-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Anticipated Impact

 During the construction phase, the adverse impact is due to soil erosion and blanketing of the top soil. Some readily erode due to pumping and digging activities. Temporary hutments, construction activities and poor sanitation facilities will diminish the actual aesthetic value of the area.  Impact due to storage of coal and washery reject.  Impact on topography, water drainage and land use.  Impact on surface streams.  Impact due to project development on the surrounding areas and transportation of raw materials and finished products  Impact on immediate surrounding due to construction of washery.

Mitigation Measures

No land acquisition is involved as land is already in possession of MCL and it is in the lease hold area of Balram OCP in the Hingula Area.

 During operation of the plant, the land-use pattern will stabilize and no further drastic change is expected. Colony, schools, hospitals, recreation centers etc. will be shared by the adjoining coal projects. If needed, fertile soil will be brought from elsewhere over the existing soils for fresh plantation. Land escaping will be undertaken to make the land-form compatible with the surrounding.  Surface run off caused by precipitation may pass through stock-piles and reject dumps causing erosion and degradation in quality of soil. While passing through the stock-piles and reject dumps, it may carry solid suspensions and chemicals. Drainage for surface run-off shall be incorporated at all the required places viz. around the reject storage site, raw coal storage site, along the boundary of the washery.  Since, the major portion of land for proposed washery is barren/scrubland, the Impact on land after construction of washery shall be minimal. No major nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery, hence there shall be no major impact on drainage pattern. Topography of the proposed site will change because of the structures which will come up after the commissioning of the plant.  Washery will be designed for zero discharge.  During the construction of the Washery the existing Roads/railway sidings will be used for transport of men and material. New approach roads will be constructed in and around washery site for connecting it to the existing road network of the area for transportation of men and material. During construction of washery, waste generated shall be limited to construction materials, debris etc. which shall either be leveled in the low lying areas within the premises or back filled where ever required in the plant during construction of roads and embankments.  Land for Hingula Washery is in possession of MCL and it is in the lease hold area of Balram OCP. No habitation, major stream, natural vegetation exists within immediate surroundings.  Green belt (15m wide) of area 1.45 Ha will be developed in and around the washery site

V-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 5.2 Water Environment Anticipated impact  Quantity and characteristics of industrial effluent and their impact on the environment  Impact on ground and surface water due to run-off from stockpiles and washery rejects  Impact on surface water bodies due to the discharge of effluent during the heavy rainfall and during periodic cleaning of the system, if any  Impact on ground water and surface water availability due to the project usage

Mitigation Measures

 The process of the proposed washery is based on closed water circuit system. All the water fed into the system will be collected after use and re-circulated, after treatment, in various units and no effluent will be allowed to escape into the natural drainage system. Moreover, washery circuit envisages dewatering system like belt press filter & High Frequency Screens for efficient recovery of solids from the slurry. The filtrate water from these equipment will be recycled back to the system to ensure closed water system. The underflow of Radial thickener, in case of emergency, may be fed to slime ponds for settling & natural drying and subsequent reclamation of the dried fines. The overflow water of slime ponds will be pumped back for re-use in the process. Thus, the operation of the washery will not cause any pollution to the local source of water.

 Provision of surface run-off settling pond shall also be provided. Drainage for surface run-off shall be incorporated at all the required places within the washery and along the washery boundary. These garland drain(s) shall collect and carry the run off to settling pond. Overflow water of the settling pond shall be utilized for plant operation etc. Hence, there will be no impact on groundwater and surface streams.  Washery will be designed for zero discharge. However, in case of emergency underflow from thickener shall be treated in 03 Nos of slime ponds of size 100m x 6m x 2.5 m (each) and treated effluent shall be reused.  Total water demand is 1273 m3/hr out of which 955 m3/hr is recycled water. Make-up water of 150 m3/hr shall be met from Gandhisagar/ Mitti quarry/any other mine sump (of BOCP). Hence, groundwater or surface water shall not be utilized for any industrial use in the washery.

Flow diagram showing the details of reuse/recycle to demonstrate the zero discharge operation is given in Figure 2.1 chapter 2.

5.3 Air Environment Anticipated Impact The source of air pollution from the coal washery includes from ROM coal transportation, loading and unloading from trucks, handling, grinding, sizing, screening, grinding and intermediate process operations, drying and storage etc.

The impacts on ambient air quality are highlighted in the following paragraphs:

V-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

(a) The ambient air quality is influenced due to the presence of SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NOx, which are generated due to various activities like run-of-mine, transportation, loading and unloading from trucks, wagons, handling, grinding, sizing, screening, grinding and intermediate process operations, drying and storage etc. Further, the ambient air quality may be affected marginally to a varying degree due to the mining activities of other nearby mines of MCL. The concentration of pollutants may vary depending upon the various micro- meteorological parameters and the seasons of a year.

(b) As the project area (core zone) of the coal washery is small, the effect on the climate, rainfall, and temperature shall be negligible.

(c) During the operational phase, activities necessary for washing of coal, its handling and transport are taken up. Such activities having impact on ambient air quality are detailed below:

Table 5.2: Sources of pollution

S No. Source of Pollution Pollutant

I. Coal (RoM) handling : Dust

II. Loading and unloading of : Dust Wagons/conveyors

III. Coal crushing- Primary and Secondary : Dust

IV. Coal Screening : Dust

V. Coal Sizing : Dust

VI. Reject transportation and handling, : Dust

VII. Washed coal handling : Dust

VIII. Reject storage : Dust

IX. Movement of vehicles : Dust and noxious fumes

V-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Mitigation Measures

Table 5.3 Details of Fugitive Emission Sources and Mitigation Measures Identified Source of Fugitive S. No. Planned Mitigation Emission 1 Receiving Hopper Sprinkling 2 Surge Hopper Sprinkling 3 Crushing / Dry Screening Dust Extraction System / Sprinkling 4 Coal Stock Yard Sprinkling 5 Washing ( Wet Process ) Coal Becomes Wet Hence Does Not 6 Washed Coal Stock Cause Fugitive Emission 7 Rejects Stock 8 Belt Conveyors Covered Conveyor

 Dust suppression within the washery shall be done by sprinkling of water.  Monitoring the condition of transfer chutes and skirt boards and replacing/repairing shall be done on regular basis during the normal inspection by the concerned persons along with the sectional heads.  Water spraying for dust suppression at temporary storage site for reject shall be done regularly.  Road inside the plant shall be paved to minimize the dust due to vehicle movement.  To minimize the generation of fugitive dust in conveyance of washery products following arrangements have been made:

Table 5.4 Conveyance Facilities For The Washery Products: S No. Products Starting Point Transportation by Distance Destination point (Approx.) 1. Raw Coal Mine Site Pipe conveyor 3.76 km 500 t Surge 1X2000 TPH Bunker 2. Washed Washery Covered conveyor 400 m 4000 T Silo at Coal Premises 2x 2000 TPH Railway Siding 3. Coal Washery Covered conveyor 760 m Temporary Reject Reject Premises 1x 400 TPH Storage Site

 Green belt (15m wide) of area 1.45 Ha in and around the washery site including around the conveyor, vacant places shall be developed to control dust emission.  Efforts for good housekeeping will minimize dust nuisance within the plant premises.  The crushers/pulverizers of the coal washeries shall be provided with enclosures fitted with suitable air pollution control measures.

V-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)  Water spray arrangements shall be provided at all strategic coal transfer points, enclosures for conveyors etc.

The ambient air quality of the proposed w.r.t. SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2& NOx for the period from 15th March ’14 to 15th June ’14 were within the limits of the prescribed standard except for PM10 values monitored at 6 locations out of 9 locations in buffer zone were found to be exceeding the limits. Suitable mitigation measures as described above shall be taken to make the washery operation eco- friendly, which will result in negligible adverse effect on human being, flora and fauna, soil quality, surface structures and aesthetic value of the surrounding environment.

5.4 Noise Environment Anticipated Impact During the construction phase of the washery, the source of noise pollution is expected from machineries used for construction, installation and commissioning of the equipments.

During operational phase, noise pollution is expected from following sources of: (i) Due to operation of the machineries involved in the main process of the plant and DG sets (ii) Due to noise generated during transportation of materials.

Mitigation Measures The following measures therefore, have been envisaged to reduce the noise level to the minimum and to protect the workers from noise hazard.

 Use of equipment with arrangements for absorbing the operational noise.  Use of insulated cabins for operators  Use of rubber/ polymer liners in chutes and hoppers  Use of ear muffs by workers in the zone of high noise source (if any)  15 meter wide green belt around the Washery and service building area (1.45 Ha).  Routine preventive maintenance of equipment/HEMM to minimize noise generation at source.  Regular maintenance with prompt replacement of worn-out parts/ liners etc.  Operational / work zone – not to exceed 85 db (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure  Use of silencer for equipment such as diesel sets and air displacement equipment  Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.

5.5 Biological Environment

BROAD OBSERVATION OF THE FLORA & FAUNA STUDY  The report reveals the presence of following wild animals in buffer zones under different Schedules of the Wild life (Protection) Act 1972. All such

V-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) animals are found in other parts of the State. The area does not have any endangered species.  The records of faunal species collected during the survey were based on both direct and indirect evidences. As per the informal discussions with the local people, the schedule I and II fauna such as Elephas maximus, Melusrus ursinus, and Golden jackel, Canis aureus Juncle cat, Felis chaus, and Phyton, Python molurus were not very frequently seen in the Buffer zone. Thus, during the period of survey in the buffer zone, no endangered or endemic species could be noticed.  Faunal Impacts were assessed in regard to the following issues. Habitat Loss and Wildlife Migration Patterns. No significant habitat loss is anticipated. Potential wildlife crossing zones were not identified by experts of Ecology, Flora and Fauna. There was no residential birds or wild mammals evidenced by the absence of nests of birds resting or hiding places of mammals. Observed avi-fauna in the core area were common birds.  No threatened or endangered floral species are located within the core and buffer zone of the project area.  After the detailed flora and fauna study within the buffer zone, it was observed that is no migratory corridor of fauna in the study area. No ecologically sensitive area (National Park / WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc) lies within the 15km buffer zone.

Anticipated Impact  Loss of forest resources, economically important plants  Impact on flora and fauna  Impact on flora and fauna due to air emissions, noise and vibration, illumination, vehicular movement, waste water discharges, changes in land use etc.

Mitigation Measures  Proposed Hingula washery will be located at Balaram Opencast Project in Hingula Area in the Talcher Coalfield of MCL and the land is in possession

V-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) of MCL. The major portion of total 17 Ha of land required for Hingula washery is barren/scrubland and it does not involve any forest land.  Green belt (15m wide) of area 1.45 Ha will be developed in and around the washery site. Avenue plantation shall also be done along the roads.  Mitigation measures for impact on air, noise and water have been discussed in the above section no.5.2, 5.3 & 5.4.

Promising Species for green belt development at Washery Site:

In selecting a particular set of species the following points will be considered. 1. Species locally grown / naturally growing. 2. Ecologically pioneer in succession and preferably having ability to fix nitrogen. 3. Fast growing species for providing vegetal cover in a minimum period. 4. Some ornamental trees and shrubs which can provide greenery and aesthetics.

5.6 Socio-economic Environment

Amenities The existing amenities in respect of educational, medical, drinking water supply, communication, electric supply and post & telegraph facilities which are presently being utilized by the existing population of the buffer zone is not expected to be strained further due to the reason that further immigration in this area, as on date is not expected.

However, any development in the existing facilities can never be ruled out keeping in view the CSR programme of MCL and other rural development progarmmes of State Govt. / Central Govt.

Socio Economic Measures No re-settlement and rehabilitation(R&R) is involved in this project.

Secondary Employment Opportunities Coal mining and allied activities dominates the economy of the study area. The Coal Mining and the activities associated with coal mining are the main source of direct and indirect employment and income for the working population of the area. The proposed coal washery project will enhance the direct and indirect employment and add to the total income of the working population of the area.

V-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Socio-Economic Impact Within the delineated area of core and buffer zones for this project, it is not expected that any major change in the social structure of the area would take place due to this project, since there is an ongoing project of Balram OCP and the society of buffer zone is in fully stabilised state in the existing mining and industrial environment of the area.

Mitigation Measures  During construction of washery, the civil and structural work shall be outsourced by BOM operator to sub-contractors and therefore the manpower will be provided by them (sub-contractor), depending on the work requirement at site. Hence semi-skilled and unskilled labor during construction phase and unskilled labor during operational phases of the project are proposed to be employed from amongst the local population.  Employment opportunity and access to other amenities such as education, health care facilities for local people  Socio-economic survey conducted and the analysis to identify areas of corporate contribution to improve quality of life  Project specific CSR initiatives  The land is free from human habitation. Thus construction and operation of plant will not create any R&R issue. However, the project proponent (MCL) will undertake certain socio-economic development schemes under CSR programme.

Community Development Various community development works shall be undertaken by the company at area level as social responsibility in future for the development of the area.

Socio-Economic Measures The land required for the project belongs to the project proponent. And the identified plot of land is free from any human habitation. This being so, there are no resettlement and rehabilitation issues involved. In fact, the setting up of the project will create economic opportunities in the area i) Direct Employment in Plant The plant will create an employment opportunity. These opportunities will be offered to local people. They will be employed in the plant as unskilled worker. ii) Small Works In course of plant construction, there will be opportunity for small contractual work in course of plant construction. These small works will be offered to local people. iii) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Activities The proposed washery site is located in Hingula Area of MCL.

V-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) o Creation of community assets like provision of drinking Water construction of School building, village road / link road, health center, community centre etc. o Nearby villages are provided with drinking water facility. o Entrepreneurship development programme for income genration. o Literacy progamme, teaching aids, health Camps / programme etc

As per the CIL’s CSR Policy, 2.5% of retained earning of previous year or Rs.5/te of coal whichever is greater will be spent for CSR activities.

Medical facilities Medical facilities have been extended to the local villagers of the project area by allowing them access to the Project/Area dispensary.

(ii) Activities 1. Family Planning Program 2. Blood Donation Camp 3. Child + Mother Care 4. Awareness Program 5. Alcohol/ Smoking Prohibition

Sports and Cultural Activities

Games and Sports competitions like football, cricket, volleyball, carom, etc for grooming talent will be organized by MCL. Cultural programmes will also be arranged to involve the youth and give a forum for the social and cultural development of the people in the area. Help would be provided to preserve and develop indigenous art and craft.

Electricity: Electricity has been provided to the local villagers. MCL distributes solar lamps to villagers.

Water supply: Following activities are being done for the local villagers: (i) Installation & Repair of hand pumps (ii) Pipeline Provision & Distribution (iii) Construction of water tanks, Renovation/Cleaning of existing ponds. (iv) Rain water harvesting

Other activities Education Sponsoring Schools, Distribution of Books, Pencils & other stationery items to Schools / Students, Distribution of interactive software and computers to schools.

V-10 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Community Mobilization Village level developmental communities will be created, which wil not only assist and administer various camps, and training but also help in internalizing clean, and safe practices.

Facilities for Plant Premises Following facilities will be provided within the plant premises for workmen i) Rest Shelter for Workmen ii) Canteen iii) First Aid Center iv) Car parking, Cycle and scooter Stand

M.C.L runs various projects in order to provide basic facilities like health, water, road and community hall etc. to the villagers. These M.C.L projects have directly or indirectly created various opportunities of employment in the region. A large number of villagers are engaged in such projects. These additional employments have big role in improving the living standards of villagers.

5.7 Solid Waste Management Anticipated Impact  Washery reject – impact during handling and disposal  Impact on surrounding agricultural lands  The impact due to cleaning of slime pond and disposal of settled solids of the settling pond.  Dust generation due to temporary storage of washery rejects.  Solid waste generated during construction of washery Mitigation Measures for: Solid Waste  Washery rejects (1.09) MTY shall be disposed by e-auction or MoU route.  Toe walls shall be provided to avoid reject dump spillage.  Regular water sprinkling (preferably mist spraying) will be done on the temporary reject storage site.  Garland Drains is to be provided along the reject storage site with sedimentation pond.  During construction of washery, waste generated shall be limited to construction materials, debris etc. which shall either be leveled in the low

V-11 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) lying areas within the premises or back filled where ever required in the plant during construction of roads and embankments..

General waste Scrap, Metallic waste, Rubber/plastic waste, Non oily (dry jute, paper, garbage etc) waste will be generated from washery operation.

Hazardous waste Used oil, Oily waste and Lead acid batteries will be generated from washery operation.

Disposal Practices of solid wastes  Segregation and Collection of Wastes  Disposal of Scraps/Metallic Waste  Rubber/Plastic/ Magnetite Bags /Non Oily Waste- These waste shall be disposed off to the recycler

Disposal Practices of Hazardous wastes Mitigation Measures  Soild waste & Hazardous waste disposal will be done as per the statutory norms.  Disposal of Used Oil: - Oily waste shall be collected in separate barrels kept at all shop floors in various operating departments. The collected oily waste shall be disposed off to authorized waste oil recyclers as per Hazardous waste disposal Act/norms.  The caps are firmly fixed so that there is no leakage from barrels.  All used oil barrels are kept at one identified place which is constructed of cement concrete with proper shed to avoid entry of rain water.  Disposal of used Batteries: - It shall be auctioned to authorized battery recycler as per Hazardous waste disposal Act/norms.

Conclusion- The environmental control measures suggested in the report are likely to significantly reduce the adverse impacts so that the coal washing operation can be undertaken in environment friendly manner.

V-12 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

CHAPTER – 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PRORAMME

6.1 Introduction At the operational stage of the washery, the project activities are likely to affect the quality of environmental attributes in the study area. In order to ensure that levels of environmental pollution are well within the prescribed limits, the environmental quality will be monitored at regular intervals. These monitoring reports will be submitted to regulators as per statutory requirements. For this purpose, a well structured Environment monitoring plan has been developed. Salient features of the plan are given below:

6.2 Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures Following aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures will be taken into account:

Table-6.1 Sl. No. Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures 1.0 Generation of environmental data bank 1.1 Measurement methodology 1.2 Frequency 1.3 Location 1.4 Data analysis 1.5 Reporting 1.6 Schedules 1.7 Emergency procedures 1.8 Detailed budget 1.9 Procurement schedules 2.0 Evolving micro environmental management plan for the project in collaboration with other agencies and consultants. 3.0 Monitoring project implementation along with environmental control measures. 4.0 Co-ordinate with other project activities to ensure timely implementation of the project. 5.0 Co-ordination with Ministry of Environment & Forest, Central / State Pollution Control Board for prevention and control of water and air pollution.

6.2.1 Generation of environmental data bank

With a view to generating environmental data following aspects shall be planned or programmed well in advance for proper environmental monitoring:

VI-1

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

6.2.1.1 Measurement methodology

Measurement methodology shall be followed as per guidelines of MoEF and CPCB, New Delhi.

Following parameters will be monitored

Air Quality (i) GSR-742 E dated 25.09.2000 on core zone. (ii) For other: GSR-826 E dated 16.11.09 (NAAQS) ● PM10 ● PM2.5 ● Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) ● Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)

Picture of Air Monitoring of PM 2.5

VI-2

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Picture of Air Monitoring of PM10

The Total Particulate Matter. (PM), Respirable, Particulate Matter RPM (PM10 & PM2.5), Heavy metals, Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) concentration in downwind direction considering predominant wind direction, at a distance of 500 metres from the following dust generating sources shall be measured in the manner indicated below:

Measurement Techniques Table-6.2 Sl. No Parameters Code of Practice Sampler RDS Sampler 1. TPM IS: 5182 (Part-IV) with Cyclone Separator RDS Sampler 2. PM10 IS: 5182 (Part-IV) with Cyclone Separator Fine Dust 3. PM - 2.5 Sampler

3. SO2 IS: 5182 (Part-V) RDS Sampler 4. NOx IS: 5182 (Part-V) RDS Sampler

VI-3

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

In addition to the general laboratory and analytical facilities, the following sampling and analytical equipment’s shall be used.

Sl. No Name of the Equipment 1 High Volume air samplers. 2 Multi gas air samplers. 3 Wind recorder 4 Aneroid Barometer. 5 Wet & Dry Bulb Thermometer 6 Hygrometer 7 Rain Gauge 8 Dust Fall Jar & Stand with bird Guard. 9 Spectrophotometer.

Water Quality Three litres of representative water samples will be collected in plastic container and transported to laboratory for physico-chemical analysis.

Waste Water Waste water will be monitored as per parameters given in MoEF standards for Effluents. The coal washery will maintain the close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge. In case of periodic cleaning heavy rainfall etc., GSR 7, dated 27.12.1998, shall be complied.

Ground Water Ground water will be tested for parameters covered under BIS 10500: (2012).

Surface Water Surface water will be monitored for parameters as per BIS 2296:1982

For determination of BOD and bacteriological analysis, 250 ml pre- sterilized bottles will be used and care will be taken to maintain cool temperature by keeping the bottles in ice boxes during transportation to the laboratory for analysis. Physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters for drinking water samples will be compared with IS: 10500 standard and mine discharge water samples will be compared with MoEF Schedule-VI standard.

Noise Level Ambient noise level will be monitored in dB (A) limit in accordance with MoEF, GOI notification dated 26.12.1989, vide GSR 1063 (E) the ambient noise level standard for different categories.

VI-4

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

6.2.1.2 Frequency

A monitoring frequency for Air, Water, and Noise levels will be as per Standards of MoEF (Vide GSR 742 (E) dated 25.9.2000):

Table-6.3 Sl. No. Particulars Monitoring frequency 1.00 Ambient Air Once in a fortnight. 2.00 Water 2.01 Effluent and surface water pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Suspended Solid, Oil & Grease at every fortnight and all parameters once in a year. 2.02 Drinking water As per IS: 10500 once in a month. 3.00 Noise Day and Night at every fortnight.

6.2.1.3 Location

Location of the monitoring station shall be selected in view of the site condition and site configuration of the project keeping the guidelines of MoEF and CPCB, New Delhi in to consideration

6.2.1.4 Data analysis

The environmental monitoring during operational stage shall be out-sourced and the data generated shall be analyzed, keeping the guidelines of MoEF and CPCB, New Delhi in to consideration.

6.2.1.5 Reporting

Analyzed data of the regular and periodic environmental monitoring shall be complied in the form of a report. This report will be submitted to SPCB by end of the following month.

6.2.1.6 Schedules

A comprehensive monitoring program is suggested underneath. A monitoring schedule for Air, Water, and Noise levels will be as per Standards of MOEF (Vide GSR 742 (E) dated 25.9.2000):

VI-5

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table-6.4- Summary of Environmental Monitoring (During Operational stage)

Particulars Parameters Schedule

Ambient Air TPM, RPM(PM10 & PM2.5) SO2, NOx) At every fortnight. Water Effluent pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand, At every fortnight Total Suspended Solid, Oil & Grease Drinking water All parameters As per IS: 10500 once in a month Noise Leq(dB) Day and night at every fortnight Plantation Growth and survival/mortality rates of Till the end of 3 the plantations years. Once trees attain desired growth, no further monitoring will be required. Health Health of the workers and staff Regular / Periodic associated with the mining health check-up operations and other connected and initiating industrial activities for identifying remedial measures occupational diseases etc. against diseases, and mobile health ambulance for health monitoring for periodic health checkup of the industrial workers.

Environmental Monitoring during construction stage The proposed Hingula Washery shall lie in the leasehold area of Balram OCP, Hingula area, MCL. The environmental monitoring of Balram OCP, being carried out by CMPDIL, shall also serve the purpose of the Environmental Monitoring Hingula Washery during the construction stage.

The above planned Environmental Monitoring program for Hingula Washery shall help evaluate the effectiveness of various mitigation measures.

6.2.1.7 Emergency procedures The term ‘major accident’ means an unexpected and sudden occurrence of event from abnormal developments in course of one’s industrial activity leading to a serious danger to public or environment, whether immediate or delayed, inside or outside the installation involving one or more hazardous substances. Risk assessment and hazard identification and it management has been dealt in Chapter 7.

VI-6

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

6.2.1.8 Budget Estimate for Environmental Monitoring Table 6.5 Tot Cost (Rs Lakh.) Sl. No Particulars Approx. Capital Estimate I POLLUTION MONITORING a) Respirable dust sampler All b) Micro-meteorological data logger monitoring c) Testing Expenses work will Env. Monitoring Cost be out TOTAL sourced Revenue Budget Pollution monitoring 30.00

6.2.1.9 Procurement schedules Since all monitoring work is out-sourced, hence, no procurement is required.

6.3 Evolving micro environmental management plan for the project in collaboration with other agencies and consultants The responsibility for implementing environmental management plan would rest with the project officer of the project, who would be properly assisted by a team of qualified and trained personnel. The organization for environmental management in Hingula area office will carry out the task and responsibility connected therewith. The Co-ordinated Organisations are expected to safeguard the following aspects of environmental control.

Table-6.6 Sl. Particulars Co-ordinated Organization No. 1. Pollution Control General Manager, Hingula Area ,MCL Measures Project Officer (Washery)/ Environmental cell, MCL Environmental Cell, MCL HQ 2. Plantation/Green Belt General Manager, Hingula Area ,MCL Development Project Officer(Washery)/ Environmental cell, MCL Environmental Cell, MCL HQ

6.4 Monitoring project implementation along with environmental control measures For effective implementation and mid-term corrective measures (if required) monitoring and control monitoring implementation is essential. For this

VI-7

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

purpose a time bound monitoring implementation plan for environmental management has been prepared.

The scope of environmental management includes plantation, surface drainage, water treatment plant, air, water and noise pollution checks etc. For air, water and noise pollution control measures, samples will be collected and tested for all four seasons at strategic places representing all the categories of areas as indicated by CPCB. The implementation authority should be guided and advised as per the feedback data from these tests. CMPDI may be consulted as and when necessary.

6.5 Co-ordinate with other project activities to ensure timely implementation of the project

Organizations stated herein before shall co-ordinate with other departments / sub-departments responsible for carrying out other pertinent activities of the project so that implementation activities of the project do not interfere with each other and all the activities necessary for the project go along smoothly and without impediments for timely completion of the project.

6.6 Co-ordination with Ministry of Environment & Forest, Central / State Pollution Control Board for prevention and control of water and air pollution

MCL will have regular and timely co-ordination with Ministry of Environment & Forest, Central / State Pollution Control Board for securing consent under prevention and control of water and air pollution acts so that the project is not hampered.

6.7 System Environmental checks and Balances and reporting of Non compliances.

For checks and balances, GM(Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment) or their representatives will visit the sites for compliances of environmental norms on regular basis. However, in normal course, Nodal officer (Environment)/Area Environment Officer will report the non- compliances/violations of environmental norms to the EIC/Project Officer (Washery). The Nodal officer (Environment)/Area Environment Officer of Hingula Area will also report such non-compliances/violations to GM, Hingula Area & CGM/GM (Envt.), HQ or his deputed representative. EIC/Project Officer (Washery) then report the same to GM (Washery) & GM, Hingula Area. GM , Hingula Area will report the same to GM(Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment), HQ. Finally after the field visits of GM (Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment) the matter will be placed by CGM/GM(Environment) before Director (T/P&P)/MCL Board on the basis of the merit of the non- compliance of norms. Organization chart given in figure 10.1 of chapter 10. **********

VI-8

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 7

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.0 INTRODUCTION Besides environmental issues, there are other issues that are associated with construction & operation of the project. In previous chapters, the environmental issues associated with the project construction & operations have been discussed. Other important issues that are proposed to be studied are covered below.

7.1 Study of Characteristics of Coal (Including Heavy Metals) Characteristics of Coal based on laboratory analysis is given in the following table: Table 7.1 S No Parameter Raw Coal Washed Coal Coal rejects

1. Quantity (MTPA) 10 8.91 1.09 2. Grade of coal G-11 -- -- 3. Percentage of ash (adb) 34.5 to 42.5 33.50 80.8 4. Percentage of fixed carbon (adb) 29.4 33.9 10.9 5. Gross Calorific value (K. cal/kg) 4075 4750 1500 (avg.) 6. Moisture % (adb) 6.6 6.9 4.03 7. Sulphur (adb) 0.89% 0.68% 0.74% 8. *Mercury (ppm) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 9. *Arsenic (ppm) 1.57 1.43 8.33 10. *Lead (ppm) 105.8 99.19 198.15 11. *Cadmium (ppm) 0.52 0.36 1.37 12. *Chromium(ppm) 110.03 102.27 179.32 *Analysis Agency for *heavy metals: Environment Lab. of CMPDIL, Ranchi

7.2 Regarding FBC Power Plant MCL, after due consideration to the possibility of utilizing rejects in the FBC power plant took a decision on utilizing rejects in the FBC power plant. In the 155th meeting of Board of Directors of MCL held on 05.022014, the Board approved the sale of rejects from Hingula washery of MCL either through e-auction or MOU route. This was in line with the 75th meeting of CMDs held on 07.05.2013 wherein it was decided that EOI shall be floated to sell the reject from the proposed washeries.

7.2.1 Regarding temporary storage of reject For temporary storage of Rejects, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m) adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery has been identified. The reject site of 10 ha is sufficient to accommodate the available reject (@193 TPH) for 6 months. However, rejects shall not be stored at temporary storage site beyond 3 months. BOMO will transport rejects by covered belt conveyor to the temporary storage site, distance of which is about 760 m from the washery site. Height of discharge point of the conveyor shall preferably be kept above 15 m level for effective storage of rejects.

VII-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) The reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations.

7.3 Public Consultation

With a view to ascertaining the concern of local affected persons and others who have a plausible stake in environmental impacts of the project / activity a public consultation was conducted at Jagannath colony, post-South Balanda, Talcher, District-Angul. Following course of actions mentioned hereunder is generally followed to have a public consultation:

(1) A proceeding called Public Hearing is conducted in which public would be directly involved or participate and indirect responses would be received through different modes of communications. (2) District Magistrate will preside over the Public Hearing process to get public concerns incorporated in the EIA report. (3) Video-graphs of proceedings would be done and would be enclosed with the application to Expert Committee. (4) The proceedings will be signed by DM/ADM along with other panel members of the Public Hearing in the same day of hearing. (5) The proceedings will be displayed in web site and other Govt. offices.

7.4 Risk Assessment

7.4.1 Introduction Keeping in view the three basic principles i.e. prevention, preparedness (both pro-active and reactive) and mitigation of the effect through rescue, recovery, relief and rehabilitation; a comprehensive blue print of the Risk Management Plan (RMP) has been prepared incorporating the following:

1. Identification and assessment of risks 2. Recommendation of measures to prevent damage to life and property against such risks.

During construction and operation phase of the project, a hazardous situation may arise which ultimately may lead to a risky situation, even a disaster. This disaster may cause loss of life and property. In order to foresee such a situation and anticipate loss of life and property so that they can be minimized or avoided, a risk assessment has been carried out. A brief of the assessment is given below.

7.4.2 Hazard Types Hazards may be classified broadly into two categories. - Natural Hazards - Manmade Hazards

Natural Hazards Major causes for natural hazards may be - Earthquake - Flood

VII-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

A. Earthquake: The project is located in zone III as per relevant BIS code. This zone is located in low risk area for occurrence of earthquake. The washery building and other structures will however be designed with due consideration to the earthquake loading appropriate to this zone as prescribed in BIS code. In addition to incorporating the safety factors at design stage, appropriate earthquake resistant construction techniques will be used.

B. Flood: Likely causes for flooding may be - Flooding by excessive rainfall in the area. - Flooding of site due to flood in Jamunia river. However the washer will be located on an area 3m above the highest known flood level of the area.

From the above discussion we may conclude that project site is least hazardous for natural causes.

Manmade Causes

Manmade causes for hazardous situation may be ● Fire ● Explosion ● Industrial Accidents

(A) Fire: There may be several causes for fire, i.e. electrical short circuit, negligence on part of operators, etc. Appropriate steps will be taken to prevent occurrence of fire in the plant and to control it effectively if at all it occurs. Some of the safeguards and precautions that will be taken are

● Electrical installations will be designed in accordance with prescribed safety rules to ensure that electrical fire possibility is minimized. ● At the operational stage, all safety rules will be followed. ● Strict quality control for procurement & installation of electrical installations. ● Display of warning signs in operational area against fire. ● Proper storage of inflammable material like diesel, etc. ● Provision of adequate fire fighting arrangements with a ground water tank dedicated to fire fighting exclusively. ● Organizing fire fighting drills on regular basis. ● Installation of Portable fire fighters at strategic locations all over the plant. ● Installation of smoke detectors with Fire Alarm.

(B) Explosion: There is no proposal to store any explosive within the premises. Also no explosive is required for plant operation.

(C) Industrial Accidents: Coal washery is regulated under safety rules of Factories Act. The provisions of the Act relating to the safety would be enforced strictly.

VII-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) (D) Road Accident: Sufficient arrangements for illumination of road including haul roads will be undertaken. Properly planned and designed road crossing will be implemented to prevent vehicular accidents. These are likely to prevent road accidents. (E) Medical Preparedness: For guarding against accidental hazards the following measures tabulated in Table-7.2 will be taken:

Table-7.2

Sl. Preventive Measures against accidental hazards No. 1 Emergency Ambulance Service will be kept ready on a 24 hour basis. 2 Doctor and paramedical staff will be made ready during emergency. 3 First Aid Medical facilities will be provided at work place.

The existing and nearby mine has already been provided with a dispensary with qualified doctors in addition to a first aid centre. These will meet the medical emergencies arising out of the accidents.

(F) Other Miscellaneous Measures:

* Proper illumination in the workplaces besides roads will be undertaken.

* Efficient communication system to allow communication link amongst various work centres to help in avoiding accidents and handling of emergencies.

* Fire alarm and fire fighting system will be provided at project site.

The adoption of preventive measures as enumerated above will ensure that the operation of this project will be safe as well as environment friendly.

7.5 Organisation

A dedicated organization with sufficient infrastructure would be provided to take care of disasters.

A. Safety Organization: This organization will be responsible for safety of the plant operations. Head of the safety organization would be reporting to the GM/In-charge of the plant.

B. Disaster Management Organization: There may be occasion when in spite of all precautions, disasters may occur within the premises. In order to manage such a situation, a separate organization will be created.

(i) Central Control Room: A central control room will be created to manage the disaster. This will have following facilities.

VII-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) ● a public address system to disseminate information to plant operators within the premises. ● the control room will have telephone no. of - Police - Local Administration - Hospital - Fire Station

(ii) Floor Level Disaster Management Unit: Floor level units will be constituted to deal with disaster.

(iii) Training programme: Regular training programmes for plant operators would be organized to make them aware of safety aspects of plant operations & steps to be taken in case of disasters.

(iv) First Aid Centre: For rendering medical aid in case of occurrence of disaster.

(v) Ambulance: An ambulance will be provided for movement of people needing medical attendance.

7.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The land that has been identified for locating the project is owned by the project proponent & is under its possession. The area is free from any habitation, hence no resettlement & rehabilitation is involved. Also there is no requirement of additional land for development of project infrastructure.

Thus, the construction and operation of the project is not likely to cause any adverse impact on social profile of the area.

In fact, opening of the project would have positive impact on socio-economic profile that includes.

● Creation of employment opportunity on casual and long-term basis. ● Improvement in physical infrastructure. ● CSR activities will improve social infrastructure in the area.

Corporate Social Responsibility carried out for the project/area has been described in section 8.6 of chapter 8.

Medical Facilities There are a number of maternity & child welfare centres and community health centers managed by the State Govt. taking care of the population in the study area. MCL provides the facility of dispensaries at project level and hospitals at Area level and a central hospital exists at company headquarter. Immunization facilities are also available at every colliery hospital and dispensary. The family planning Camps are held regularly at the hospitals/dispensaries.

VII-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Every worker is periodically checked up once in every five years and proper record of their health profile including X-ray and laboratory tests are kept. The importance of such periodical medical examination is to detect and prevent occupational diseases like Pneumoconiosis and Tuberculosis etc.

Preventive measures

The MCL authorities have adopted the following measures to prevent occupational diseases and health hazards.

i) Pre-employment, pre-placement and periodic medical examination of the employees.

ii) Regular monitoring of working environment and implementation of safety and control measures, to prevent hazards.

iii) Use of protective equipment’s, clothing, helmets, Gas mask, shoes, etc.

iv) Periodical medical examination of every worker is done once in five years to detect preventable and curable diseases at an early stage.

v) Cases suspected having Pneumoconiosis are examined by a Special Board constituted by the Chief Medical Officer. Established cases are suitably compensated and their job is changed if required.

7.7 Employee Education

Employees will be informed of the need to take precautions and use all protective measures to control fugitive emissions in working environment. They will also be advised of consequences of ignoring these precautions. Employee will be trained in coal handling, and in spill management. Written policies, procedures and measures will be disseminated throughout the different departments of the plant and workers will be trained with regard to their implementation. The employee will be educated about the safety features incorporated by written literature with pictorial and color-coded signs.

7.8 Natural Resources Conservation & Optimization

The rejects from the proposed washery shall be sold to interested consumers through e-auction or MoU route and the reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations..

The washery is also designed on zero discharge principle for conservation of water resources.

VII-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 Introduction The project relates to washing of coal to improve its quality so that it can be used for power generation. The construction and operation of the plant will also require development of infrastructure. A brief write-up on proposed development of such physical and social infrastructure is given below.

8.2 Physical Infrastructure

(A) Access Road: A new access road is proposed to connect the project site to existing road network in the area. Presently this road is katcha road. This road will be strengthened, widened and black topped. This road will also provide road access to the area.

(B) Power Network: Power network will be extended to the project site for the construction & operation of the plant. This network will also facilitate distribution of power in the neighboring area.

8.3 Social Infrastructure

The study area in which the project is located is comparatively developed in terms of social infrastructure including health care facilities, education facilities etc. However the project proponent will develop the social infrastructure in the area under its Corporate Social Responsibility (C.S.R.) activities.

8.4 Employment Potential:

During construction of washery, the civil and structural work shall be outsourced by BOM operator to sub-contractors and therefore the manpower will be provided by them (sub-contractor), depending on the work requirement at site. Hence semi-skilled and unskilled labor during construction phase and unskilled labor during operational phases of the project are proposed to be employed from amongst the local population. Business opportunity in Secondary & Tertiary sectors will increase.

8.5 Other Benefits:

TO POWER PLANTS USING WASHED COAL:

 Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the energy loss as inert material passes through the combustion process.  Increased plant availability.  Reduced investment cost.  Reduced operation & maintenance cost due to less wear and reduced cost for fuel and ash handling.

VIII-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)  Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs.  Less impurities and improved coal quality.  Reduced load in the air pollution control system.  Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off  Reduction in the generation of fly ash quantity at the user point by using washed coal in place of coal  Revenue contribution to government/local bodies and local area development activities

8.6 Corporate Social Responsibility The Mines of Coal India and its subsidiaries are located in different parts of the country spread in 8 States, and relatively in isolated areas with little contact to the outside society. Mining of coal has profound impact on the people living in and around the areas where the mines are established. The obvious impact of the introduction of any production activity in such areas change the traditional lifestyle of the original inhabitants and indigenous communities and also change the socio-economic profile of the area. Hence, the primary beneficiaries of CSR should be land oustees, PAP and those staying within the radius of 25 Kms of the Project. Poor and needy section of the society living in different parts of India should be second beneficiaries.

In the aforesaid backdrop, policy on Corporate Social Responsibility of CIL is broadly framed taking into account the following measures: -

a) Welfare measures for the community at large including employees and their families, so as to ensure the poorer section of the Society derived the maximum benefits.

b) It will take care of land less and project affected persons. Proper rehabilitation of the land oustees/displaced persons based on R&R policy separately formulated and the expenditure on R & R issues would be included in the Project Cost.

c) Contribution to the society at large by way of social and cultural development, imparting education, training and social awareness, specially with regard to the economically backward class for their development and generation of income to avoid any liability of employment.

d) Protection and safeguard of environment and maintaining ecological balance.

Scope of CSR:  Education, Water Supply, Health Care, Environment, Social Empowerment  Infrastructure for village, Sports and culture, Generation of Employment and setting up of co-operatives and Infrastructure support.  Grant/donation/financial assistance/sponsorship to reputed NGOs of the society/locality doing/involved in uplifting of standard of the society Miscellaneous (Adoption of villages for carrying out the activities like

VIII-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) infrastructural development, collection of old clothes from employees and distribution in the nearby village

Source of fund  5% of the retained earning of the previous year subject to minimum of Rs. 5 per tonne of coal production of the previous year  Out of the above 3% would be allotted for CSR activities to be carried out in the vicinity of the Coalfield and balance 2% for carrying out CSR activities in the State to which the company belongs.

Upkeep and maintenance of assets created Responsibility of the concerned State Govt and the local representative of the Society before any capital investment is made, an undertaking would be taken from the representatives of the local community that they would be responsible for the maintenance of the assets.

8.6.1 Expenditure towards corporate social responsibility (CSR) by MCL for last 5 years Table 8.1 Year Total MCL (Rs in Lakh)

2008-09 1138.83

2009-10 1678.29

2010-11 5345.46

2011-12 2833.80

2012-13 2557.57

8.6.2 Expenditure towards corporate social responsibility (CSR) by Hingula area during last 6 years Table 8.2 YEARWISE EXPENDITURE OF CSR WORKS OF HINGULA AREA (Rs in Lakh) AS ON 31-12-2013

2008 - 09 2009 - 10 2010 - 11 2011 - 12 2012 - 13 2013 - 14 TOTAL

1 Drinking Water 86.41 93.39 142.11 135.14 154.54 6.39 617.98

2 Education 38.33 5.49 0.00 1.43 18.98 4.39 68.62 Rural Health 3.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.10 3 Care 4 Road 22.64 4.35 2.85 8.76 5.88 6.28 50.76 Recreation 5 Facilities Spots 2.97 14.41 2.21 3.76 0.00 0.00 23.35 & Culture 6 Other Facilities 19.29 4.16 0.00 3.30 3.75 4.44 34.94

TOTAL 172.74 121.80 147.17 152.39 183.15 21.50 798.75

VIII-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

8.6.3 Expenditure incurred towards water supply to all peripheral villages of Balram OCP

Table 8.3 YEAR Rs in Lakh

2008 – 2009 Rs.42.23 lakh

2009 – 2010 Rs.45.14 lakh

2010 – 2011 Rs.73.58 lakh

2011- 2012 Rs. 73.69 lakh

2012 – 2013 Rs. 77.31 lakh

VIII-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

8.6.4 Action Plan for CSR for Hingula (value in Rs. lakh) TABLE 7.3: FIVE YEARS ACTION PLAN Sl.No. Description of work Value in Rs. 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 lakh

Supply of domestic water by water tanker to peripheral REQUIRED 1 villages of Hingula Area: Summer packages:25 packages: 155.00 160.00 165.00 175.00 190.00 EVERY YEAR from 15.02.12 to 30.06.12. Supply of domestic water by water tanker to the villages REQUIRED 2 8.00 8.00 8.50 9.50 11.00 along CT road of Hingula OCP Hingula Area. EVERY YEAR Providing 14 nos bore holes along with pipe lines and 3 75.00 - 30.00 45.00 - - pupmps in peripheral villages. SOLADA VILLAGE

RCC Hume Pipe by the side of existing culvert Khalidhipasahi 1 western end of village Solada and spreading of moorum from 0.80 0.80 - - - - Majhika Chhak to Chaudwar Chhak Construction of Concrete Road 150 m of (Satyavadipur Sahi ) 2 10.00 10.00 - - - - Solada 3 Deulsahi CTR Junction, village Road concreting, Solada 4.00 4.00 - - - -

4 Concrete Road 200 m at Naraharipur Sahi of Solada village 12.00 0.00 12.00 0.00 - - Construction of Concrete Road for Chasisahi of village 5 10.00 5.00 5.00 0.00 - - Soalada Drinking Water, Roof Grading and Compound Wall of 6 4.00 4.00 - - - - Sabhagriha of Solada 7 Repairing of Club at Majhika 1.00 1.00 - - - - 8 03 Nos Water Tanks at Godi Harijan Sahi, Solada 1.50 1.50 - - - - 9 Bathing Steps of Hariher Sagar, Solada 2.00 2.00 - - - -

VIII-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

10 Constn. Of Culvert over Solada-Chaudwar Road 5.00 - 5.00 - - - Constn. Of Concrete Road at Harijan Sahi, Khalidipa Sahi, 11 Naraharipur Sahi, Solada-Telipur ( Near School ) and Gudi 40.00 - 20.00 - - - Sahi Metal & moorum of Balibandha huda & Solada - Surya Nagar 12 15.00 5.00 10.00 - - - Road 13 Anganwadi Centre GP solada 4.75 - - - - - 14 One Bore Well at Gudi Harijan Sahi of village Solada 5.00 5.00 - - - - 15 One Bore Well at Satyabadipur of village Solada 5.00 - 5.00 - - - 16 One Bore Well at Karnalia Sahi of village Solada 5.00 - 5.00 - - - 17 One Bore Well at Harijan Sahi of village Solada 5.00 - 5.00 - - - DANARA

Constn of Concrete road from Katasahi to Community Centre 35.00 15.00 15.00 20.00 - - to Mohanty sahi Danara Constn of concrete road from Laxminarayan Yuvak Sangh to 1 20.00 10.00 - - 10.00 10.00 Baghamari Sahi Danara 2 Constn of concrete road of Jambubahali Bye-pass 25.00 - - 10.00 15.00 - Constn of Community Centre near Hanuman Mandir of 3 3.00 3.00 - - - - Katasahi Danara 4 Community Centre at Sahar Sahi Danara 4.00 - - - - - Constn of Library Hall near Hanuman Mandir of Katasahi 5 5.00 5.00 - - - - Danara 6 Renovation of Stadium of Danara 15.00 - - - - - 7 Library Hall near Chidananda Swami Ashram Danara 5.00 5.00 - - - -

8 Constn of Dining Hall at Chidananda Swami Ashram Danara 11.00 - 11.00 - - -

9 Constn of Boundery Wall of Balimunda Pokhari Danara 5.00 - - - - -

VIII-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Constn of Compound Wall and Class Room of Arabinda 10 12.00 7.00 5.00 - - - School Danara Water supply(Mines water) through Pipe line to Katasahi from 11 25.00 10.00 5.00 10.00 - - Gandhi Sagar to Danara 12 Renovation of Binod Sagar Danara 5.00 - 5.00 5.00 - - Constn of Community Centre near Radha Swami Satsanga 13 5.00 5.00 - - - - Kendra Danara 17 Construction of Class Rooms Danara 3.00 - - - - - Resurfacing of Bitumenous Road and construction of 18 concrete road in damaged portions including draind and 150.00 150.00 - - - - Hume Pipe Crossings at Danara village under Hingula Area Construction of Balance Compound Wall for the Meditation 19 Hall and its campus of the Divine Life Society Danara under 3.50 0.00 3.50 - - - Hingula Area 20 Balance Compound Wall of The Divine Life Society Danara 4.00 4.00 - 4.00 - - 50 m Compound Wall Sri Aurobindo Adarsha Integral 21 1.00 - - - 1.00 - Education Centre, Danara 22 Concrete Road from M.E.School to Balram OCP Chhaka 15.00 - - - 15.00 -

25 Construction of 04 Nos Class Rooms in High School Danara 8.00 - - - 8.00 - 26 Community Centre Nala Sahi Danara 4.00 4.00 - - - 12.00 27 Drain from Manddir Pond to Nala Sahi Danara 12.00 - 8.00 4.00 - - 28 Drain from Nuhura Sahoo to Purana Pond Danara 11.00 6.00 5.00 3.00 - - Construction of 03 nos bridges/culverts in between Danara 29 40.00 10.00 30.00 - - - chhak to Kata pokhari end. Widening and Black Topping of Road from Danara 30 60.00 - - 10.00 50.00 - M.E.School to Kata Pond 31 Road from DAV Jn.to Danara via Natidi 75.00 10.00 - - 35.00 40.00

VIII-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Maintenance of Road Berms from Kata Pond to Natada 32 15.00 - 10.00 5.00 - - Matha Road 33 Construction of cycle shed at Danara school 5.00 - - - - - 34 Deepening of pond of Danara. 3.74 3.74 - - - - 35 Anganwadi Centre GP Danara. 4.75 - - 4.75 -

Constn.of Bathing Steps at Pond between Hingh School & 36 3.00 - 3.00 - - Shiva Mandir BADAJORADA

Construction of Boundary Wall and Drain for Lord Shiva 3.00 - 3.00 - - - Temple of village Badajorada, Hingula Area

1 Construction of Dinning Hall near Shiv Temple Badajorada 5.00 - 5.00 - -

Renovation of Road from village Peetha to Harijan Sahi 1500 2 75.00 10.00 65.00 - - - m Badajorada Construction of Road from Dhoajali to Karnapur Chowk 1500 3 75.00 - 35.00 40.00 - - m Badajorada Construction of Dinning Hall near Hanuman Peetha 4 5.00 - - - 5.00 - Badajorada 5 Prayer Hall Saraswati Sishu Mandir Badajorada 10.00 - - - 10.00 - 6 Toilets for boys and girls Saraswati Sishu Mandir Badajorada 8.00 3.00 5.00 - - - Construction of Prtotection Wall for the Pond of Majhi Sahi of 7 5.00 - 5.00 - - - village Badajorada 8 Providing 1 no bore hole at Bada jorda. 3.50 - - - 3.50 - 9 Anganwadi Centre GP Badajorda 4.75 - - - - - 10 Concrete Floor at Doal Mandap Ground 20.00 - - - - - 11 Cycle Shed at Nodal UP School 5.00 - - - - - 12 Concrete Road Dhoba Gali to Gadani Chhak 15.00 - - - - - KARNAPUR

Construction of Drain to discharge the STP water from 1 80.00 - 30.00 50.00 - - Balram STP to the fields of Karnapur

VIII-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

KALAMCHHUIN

Connecting Pipe line from Bore Well to the Toilets of Hingula 1 0.50 - 0.50 - - - High School under Hingula Area 2 Anganwadi Centre GP Kalamchhuin 4.75 - - - - - BRAHMANBAHAL

1 Pucca Road and Drainage Systeme of New Barahamanbahal 45.00 - 15.00 30.00 - - Drinking Water and Pipe Line with OHT of New 2 30.00 - 15.00 - - - Barahamanbahal 3 Construction of Community Hall of New Barahamanbahal 6.00 6.00 0.00 - - - Construction of Primary School Building of New 4 20.00 2.00 18.00 - - - Barahamanbahal 5 Construction of community Mandap of New Barahamanbahal 3.00 - 3.00 - - - 6 Anganwadi Centre GP BrahamanBahal 4.75 - - - 4.75 - KUMUNDA

1 Compound Wall Kumunda High School and U.P.School 6.00 - - 1.00 5.00 - Extension of mines discharge by providing pipe line to 2 20.00 - 15.00 - - - Kumunda pond. 3 Anganwadi Centre GP Kumunda 4.75 - - - - - 4 Renovation of Dola Mandap, Mahila Samiti Chakk ,Kumunda 2.50 - - - - - GOPALPRASAD

- - 1 Renovation of Road from Gopal Prasad PHC to Bhalugadia 30.00 20.00 - - Constn of Road and Drain Kumunda Panchayat Office to - - 2 12.00 4.00 - - Purunapani 3 Bathing Steps at River and Ponds Gopalprasd 4.00 4.00 - - - - 4 Salbani Chhakk to Gopal prasada PHC Plantation 5.00 - - - - - 5 Road from Banbaspur to Baghabaspur 20.00 - 15.00 5.00 - - VIII-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

6 Road from Banbaspur to Kamar Sahi 20.00 - 10.00 10.00 - - 7 GP Rajmahal Chhak to Bhalugadia concrete road 24.00 - - 24.00 - - 8 Roof of Club House Baunsagadia and Puranasahi 4.00 1.00 - - - -

9 02 Nos Bore Wells at Chitalput and Muguru Baniasahi 6.00 - - - - -

10 Anganwadi Centre GP Khammar 4.75 - - 4.75 - - 11 Anganwadi Centre GP sadadaipur 4.75 - - 4.75 - - 12 Anganwadi Centre GP Patra Sahi 4.75 - - - 4.75 - 13 Anganwadi Centre GP Baghabaspur 4.75 - - - 4.75 - 14 Anganwadi Centre GP Banbaspur 4.75 - - - 4.75 - 15 Anganwadi Centre GP Bhalugadia 4.75 - - - - 4.75 16 Anganwadi Centre GP Mallibandha 4.75 - - - - 4.75 17 Mallibandha School compound Wall 3.00 - - - - 3.00 18 Water supply to Gadasahi from Bore Well through Pipe Line 5.00 5.00 - - - - AMBAPAL

1 Anganwadi Centre GP Ambapal 4.75 - - - 4.75 - Development works of Ambapal Natada Nodal U.P.School 2 including compound wall, 2 no toilet, cycle shed and dining 15.00 - - - 15.00 - hall JAMUNALI

Construction of Cement Concrete Approach Road to 1 Jamunali ( Kusachar ) village from Kalamchhuin - Angul 120.00 40.00 4.00 80.00 - - Road under Hingula Area 2 Repairing of mandap in front of Kali temple. 2.20 2.20 - - - - construction of cement concrete road at Pattnaik Sahi of 3 15.50 15.50 - - - - Jamunalli Construction of c.c. road from existing road near Railway 4 13.50 13.50 - - - - under bridge ti Harijan Sahi of Jamunalli.

5 Deepening of pond behind Govt. school at Ektali Sahi of 15.00 15.00 - - - - VIII-10 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Jamunalli

6 Construction of Community centre at Subarnpur village 4.50 4.50 - - - -

7 Construction of Kothaghar at Gochhayat Sahi of Sakosingha 4.50 4.50 - - - -

8 Construction of Kothaghar at Harijan Sahi of Jamunali 4.50 4.50 - - - -

9 Construction of Kothaghar at Gotha Sahi of Jamunali 4.50 4.50 - - - -

10 Construction of Kothaghar at Hadi Sahi of Jamunali 4.50 4.50 - - - - Construction of Boundary wall of Govt. school of Ektali Sahi, 11 10.00 10.00 - - - - Jamunali 12 Construction of Community centre at Kuio village 4.50 4.50 - - - -

13 Development of playground and sports room at Kuio 10.00 10.00 - - - -

14 Construction of Upper Primary school building at Subarnpur 10.00 10.00 - - - -

15 Construction of Community centre at Subarnpur. 4.50 4.50 - - - - TNETOLOI

1 Repairing of Blind School, Tentoloi 2.00 - - - 2.00 - 2 Shed attached to the blind/phc school Tentoloi 3.00 - - - 3.00 - 3 Anganwadi Centre GP Tnetoloi 4.75 - - - - 4.75 KUSUMPAL

1 Boundery Wall of Kusumpal School 6.00 - - - 6.00 - 2 Salbani Chhakk to Kusumpal Plantation 10.00 - - 6.00 - 10.00 3 Tree gaurds 10.00 - - - 10.00 - 4 Blacktopping of Mallibandh to Kusumpal (Part) 20.00 - - 20.00 - - 5 Anganwadi Centre GP Kusumpal 4.75 - - - 4.75 - KUIO

VIII-11 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

1 Renovation of Pond at village Kuio 15.00 - 5.00 10.00 - - 2 Anganwadi Centre GP Kuio 4.75 - - - - - 3 Drinking water through pipeline. ------MISCEALLENEOUS DEVELOPMENT WORKS

1 Providing check dams at different nallahs. 80.00 20.00 30.00 30.00 -

2 Deepening of ponds at different villages. 50.00 - - 15.00 35.00 - 3 Providing bore holes 60.00 - - 30.00 30.00 - 4 Providing fruit bearing trees to different villages. 6.00 - - 6.00 - - 5 Providing creamation centre. 50.00 - - - 50.00 - Providing water harvesting structures for pucca public 6 26.00 - - 10.00 16.00 - buildings of peripheral villages. 7 Providing play ground 25.00 - - 5.00 20.00 - Providing overhead tanks for drinking water at different 8 40.00 - - - 20.00 20.00 villages. 9 Repairing of U.P.School Building - - - 20.00 - - TOTAL 2090.49 651.74 653.00 696.00 612.25 310.25

VIII-12 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

8.6.5 Photographs of CSR work done in Hingula Area

Repair and Maintenance of DAV School, Hingula Area

VIII-13 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Bridge and Bituminous approach road, Hingula Area

VIII-14 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Repairing of Chidanand Vidhyadham, Danara, Talcher, Hingula Area

Repairing of Narsinghpur School, Hingula Area

VIII-15 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Medical Camp, Hingula Area

VIII-16 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 9

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 GENERAL

As per EIA notification Sept. 2006, the project is a category “A” project requiring Environmental clearance. In compliance to statutory provisions, the project proponent approached MoEF, with prescribed Form-I and Conceptual Report for obtaining Terms of Reference for Environmental studies. MoEF issued TOR vide letter no. J-11015/67/2013-IA.II(M) dated 31.01.2014. A copy of TOR is enclosed at Annexure-8 of this report.

It may be seen from the TOR, that the scope of environmental studies for the project does not require environmental cost benefit analysis for the project. Accordingly no environmental cost benefit analysis for the project has been carried out.

IX-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 INTRODUCTION The activities associated with project construction and project management are likely to have minimum adverse impact on various environmental attributes including air, water, noise, soil, socio-economic profile and bio- environment. To ensure that levels of pollutants do not exceed the limits prescribed by regulatory authorities, following exercise has been taken up.

● Baseline environmental data have been generated to describe the present environmental quality in the study area.

● Likely impacts on environmental attributes due to project construction & operation have been assessed using standard method.

With above exercise, the anticipated levels of pollutants in environment have been assessed.

Environment pollution mitigation measures have been recommended to minimize the impact & to limit them within prescribed level. These environmental mitigation measures are able to be implemental throughout the life of the project.

In addition, environmental parameters will be monitored on regular basis to ensure that level of pollution is within the prescribed level.

(The project proponent will submit several statutory reports relating to project’s environment impact).

From the above, it may be seen that environmental management of the project during the full life will involve planning, design & implementation of several activities. This will require an exclusive budget and a dedicated organization.

10.2 ADMINISTRATIVE & TECHNICAL SETUP FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

Environmental management of the project would need an exclusive budget for implementation of activities related to environment management of project. Item wise fund requirements are described below.

X-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

HIERARCHY CHART FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT (HINGULA WASHERY)

Director (T) Project & Planning

GM (Hingula Area) GM (Washery) CGM/GM (Environment)

EIC/Project Officer CM CM Sr. M Sr. M Manager (Washery) (Env) (Civil) (Env) (Min/Env) (Env)

Area Environment Officer

Figure 10.1

X-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 10.3 Technical aspects of Environmental Monitoring Programme

Following activities are considered under the Environmental Management Plan of Hingula washery Table 10.1 Activities for EMP S No. Activities for EMP 1 Environmental Monitoring (During Constructuion / Operational) 2 Preventive measures for Control of Air, Water and Noise Pollution. 3 Other measures for Control of Air, Water and Noise Pollution. 4 Solid Waste Management

Environmental Monitoring

Table-10.2 Summary of Environmental Monitoring (During Operational stage)

Particulars Parameters Schedule Ambient Air At every fortnight. TPM, RPM(PM10 & PM2.5) SO2, NOx Water Effluent & pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand, At every fortnight surface water Total Suspended Solid, Oil & Grease Drinking water All parameters As per IS: 10500 once in a month Noise Leq(dB) Day and night at every fortnight Plantation Growth and survival/mortality rates of Till the end of 3 the plantations years. Once trees attain desired growth, no further monitoring will be required. Health Health of the workers and staff Regular / Periodic associated with the mining health check-up operations and other connected and initiating industrial activities for identifying remedial measures occupational diseases etc. against diseases, and mobile health ambulance for health monitoring for periodic health checkup of the industrial workers.

Environmental Monitoring during construction stage The proposed Hingula Washery shall lie in the leasehold area of Balram OCP, Hingula area, MCL. The environmental monitoring of Balram OCP, being carried out by CMPDIL, shall also serve the purpose of the Environmental Monitoring Hingula Washery during the construction stage.

X-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) The above planned Environmental Monitoring program for Hingula Washery shall help evaluate the effectiveness of various mitigation measures.

Preventive measures for Control of Air, Water and Noise Pollution.

Air Pollution

Table 10.3 Details of Fugitive Emission Sources S. No. Identified source of fugitive emission 1 Receiving Hopper 2 Surge Hopper 3 Crushing / Dry Screening 4 Coal Stock Yard 5 Washing ( Wet Process ) 6 Washed Coal Stock 7 Rejects Stock 8 Belt Conveyors

In order to control the air pollution due to fugitive emission, following facilities for conveyance of the washery products have been envisaged:

Table 10.4 Conveyance Facilities for Washery Raw Material and Products:

S No. Products Starting Point Transportation by Distance Destination point (Approx.) 1. Raw Coal Mine Site Pipe conveyor 3.76 km 500 t Surge 1X2000 TPH Bunker 2. Washed Washery Covered conveyor 400 m 4000 T Silo at Coal Premises 2x 2000 TPH Railway Siding 3. Coal Washery Covered conveyor 760 m Temporary Reject Reject Premises 1x 400 TPH Storage Site

In addition to above the following mitigation measures have also been considered for control of fugitive emission:

Table 10.5 Details of Fugitive Emission Sources and Mitigation Measures Identified source of S. No. Planned Mitigation fugitive emission 1 Receiving Hopper Sprinkling 2 Surge Hopper Sprinkling Crushing / Dry Dust Extraction System / 3 Screening Sprinkling

X-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

4 Coal Stock Yard Sprinkling Washing ( Wet 5 Process ) Coal Becomes Wet Hence Does Not Cause Fugitive 6 Washed Coal Stock Emission 7 Rejects Stock 8 Belt Conveyors Covered Conveyor

Water Pollution The Washery is based on zero discharge system. Total water demand is 1273 m3/hr out of which 955 m3/hr is recycled water. Make-up water of 150 m3/hr shall be met from Gandhisagar/ Mitti quarry/any other mine sump of Balram OCP (BOCP). This includes 45 m3/hr for washery process, 23 m3/hr for Potable water, Sanitation etc. and 70 m3/hr for other industrial use (dust suppression, green belt maintenance etc.). 58 m3/hr water required for potable use, sanitation, spray, sprinkling shall be pre-treated in a water treatment plant of capacity 150 m3/hr. Additional capacity of the treatment plant will be utilized as per future needs. For detailed water balance Fig. no. 2.2 may be referred. Hingula washery, is based on Heavy Media Separation (HM Cyclone) and the washing circuit is a closed circuit with zero water discharge. Typical arrangement of Recirculation system in Hingula washery resulting in a Zero discharge is shown in Fig. 2.1.

Noise Pollution Table 10.6 Operational / work zone – not to exceed 85 db (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure

S No. Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures  Environmental specifications for equipment purchase to meet the Noise pollution due to operation noise standards 1. of the machinery and /or DG  Use of silencer for equipments such sets as diesel sets and air displacement equipments  Regular preventive maintenance of mechanical equipments to minimize Due to noise generated by large noise generation at source 2. trucks for transportation of  Select machinery with specification materials by crushing, grinding, to meet ambient noise standards as notified in G.S.R 1063 (E) dated 26.12.1989 by MoEF, GoI

X-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) Solid Waste Management The rejects generated from the HM Cyclone circuit as well as the products of Belt Press Filters shall be collected by reject Belt Conveyor and shall be transported to proposed temporary storage site, a piece of land measuring 10 Ha (400 m x 250 m) adjacent to the northern side of the proposed washery, through covered belt conveyors. The reject from the temporary storage site shall be disposed off either through e-auction or MoU route. Rejects should not be lying stacked at temporary storage site beyond 3 months period, in case of disposal/sale through e-auction or MoU route and the reject will be regularly disposed off to the prospective buyers on appropriate mode with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations. Table 10.7 S No. Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures  By covered conveyor 1. Coal fines  Sprinkling  Suitable collection and transport facility 2. Slurry from slime pond  Sprinkling  Dewatering in Belt Press Filters  Conveyance by covered belt conveyor  Disposal by selling it to interested consumers 3. Coal Reject through e-auction or MoU route.  Not be lying stacked at temporary storage site beyond 3 months.

X-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 10.4 BUDGET ESTIMATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Table 10.8: CAPITAL ESTIMATE

Cost for Environment Management (Approximate) Amount in rupees(Lakhs) Sl.no Description Cost I) Capital cost 1 Belt filterpress-2nos 327.25

2 Slurry pond -3nos, 304.22 3 Circulating pump-2nos 13.91 4 Pipe line &fittings 3.00 5 Closed conveyor gantries 200.00 Cost of Preparing EIA/EMP & 6 Baseline Data Generation 100.00 Total (Capital Cost) 948.38 II) Operational cost 1 Dust extraction 2 Sprinklers

3 Plantation-green belt 654.60 4 Noise pollution control 5 Other Miscellaneous Total (Operational Cost) 654.60 Grand Total (I + II) 1602.98 Note: Cost for following items are inbuilt in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical cost: 1) Arrangement for rain water harvesting & surface drainage 2) Facility for treatment of slurry/effluent as well as surface runoff.

X-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) CHAPTER – 11

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

11.1 INTRODUCTION The proposed Hingula coal washery will be located in the lease hold area of Balram OCP of Hingula area of MCL and its capacity shall be 10.0 MTY. The proposed project will receive coal from of Hingula-II expansion OCP of Hingula Area, MCL. The raw coal ash content of Hingula-II expansion OCP is in the range of 38.5 ± 4%. This ash content is proposed to be reduced to 33.5 ± 0.5% after washing in Hingula Washery for use in thermal power stations. It is planned for two product namely clean and reject. A total of 17 Ha land is required for proposed Hingula Washery and 10 Ha land is required for temporary storage of Reject. The major portion of the land for proposed washery is barren/scrubland and no nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery.

11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed washery shall be set up on Build, Operate & Maintain (BOM) concept. Ownership of raw coal fed to the washery & products of washery shall lie with MCL. BOM operator will be paid washing charges as per mutually agreed terms & conditions for operating & maintaining the washery till the entire contract period. The washing of coal will lead to improvement in performance of power plant, reduction in particulate emission, reduction in load on Railway Network and reduction in handling and transportation cost of coal and solid waste.

11.2.1 Conveyance Facilities for the Washery Raw Material and Products Table 11.1 S No. Products Starting Point Transportation by Distance Destination point (Approx.) 1. Raw Coal Mine Site Pipe conveyor 3.76 km 500 t Surge 1X2000 tph Bunker 2. Washed Washery Covered conveyor 400 m 4000 T Silo at Coal Premises 2x 2000 tph Railway Siding 3. Coal Washery Covered conveyor 760 m Temporary Reject Reject Premises 1x 400 tph Storage Site

4. Water Gandhisagar/ Water Pipeline < 3.0 km Washery Site Mitti quarry/any other mine sump (of BOCP) XI- 1

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

11.2.2 Customer for Washed Coal of Hingula Washery The prospective customer for washed coal & distance from washeries is given here under: Table 11.2 Sl. No Prospective Customer Location (State) Distance (Kms) 1 TANGED Co. Tamilnadu > 1000 2 KPCL Karnataka > 1000 3 NTPC Andhra Pradesh 500-749 4 WBPDCL West Bengal 500-749 5 Sesa Sterlite Ltd Odisha < 500 6 GMR Kamalanga Energy Ltd Odisha < 500 7 Adani Power Ltd Gujrat > 1000 Rejects would be sold through e-auction or MoU route as it has gross calorific value in the range of 1000-2000 K Cal/Kg.

The arrangements in the proposed plant includes:-

● Raw coal Receipt System ● Raw coal crushing & screening system ● Raw coal handling system ● Coal washing circuit ● Fine recovery circuit ● Waste water treatment system ● Product coal handling system

11.3 Description of the Environment The baseline data generation work for proposed Hingula washery was carried out for the period from 15th March to 14th June, 2014.

11.3.1 Land Environment The proposed site has 17 Hectares land for plant and 10 Hectares for temporary storage of rejects. Various installations required for the washery will be suitably located within the area of 17 Ha. The major portion of the land for proposed washery is barren/scrubland and no nallah/stream passes through the site for proposed washery. Land Use/ Cover Map of Core & Buffer Zones of Hingula Washery Project based on Satellite Data of the Year 2013 is enclosed as Plate no. 8 in the EIA/EMP report.

11.3.2 Micrometeorological data generation A meteorology station was set up at core zone and micrometeorological parameters like wind velocity, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover etc. were recorded on hourly basis for summer season (15th March to 14th June, 2014). Daily rainfall was also recorded and reported.

XI- 2

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 11.3.3 Ambient air quality monitoring Ambient air quality was monitored at 10 locations i.e. one in core zone and the remaining nine in buffer zone. A total of 24 samples (24-hrly) for Particulate Matter <10 (PM10), Particulate Matter <2.5 (PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Carbon Monoxide(CO), Ammonia (NH3), Ozone (O3), Benzene (C6H6), Lead (Pb), Benzo-pyrene (BaP), Arsenic(As), Nickel (Ni) and other heavy metals were collected.

11.3.4 Water quality monitoring Representative water samples 9 nos. one in mine effluent, four in surface water and four from ground water i.e. dug well and tube well in buffer zone have been collected, preserved and transported to R&C Environmental Egg. Laboratory, Chennai and analyzed as per standard methods.

11.3.5 Noise levels recording Noise levels were recorded by using CYGNET Integrated sound level meter (100X) from ten ambient air quality locations during day time and night time at an interval of four hours for one day for three months.

11.3.6 Soil quality monitoring Soil samples from four locations, one in core zone, three in buffer zone were collected at depths of 30, 60 and 100 cms and analyzed for various physico- chemical and fertility parameters.

11.3.7 Socio-Economic Survey The sample households have been selected by multistage sampling method. There are total of 41 villages within the 10 km radius and out of that 12 villages were surveyed for the household survey. The corezone is about 17 Hectares in barren/scrubland and no Households were found in core zone area.

11.3.8 BASELINE DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

11.3.8.1 CONCLUSIONS OF BASELINE DATA The following conclusions are drawn based on the baseline data collected at core and buffer zone area.

 The wind velocity readings were ranging from 1.0 – 18.6 m/sec. Predominant wind was from north-east direction. The maximum temperature recorded was 42.0C and the minimum was 24.0 C. The relative humidity ranges from 16% to 93% and 20.3 mm rainfall was recorded during the study period.  In general, all the parameters monitored were found to be well within the prescribed limits of CPCB at Core zone. The PM10 values monitored at 6 locations out of 9 locations in buffer zone were found to be exceeding the limits. These may be due to the fugitive emission from the transportation and other allied mining activates in the buffer area. There are about 5 open cast

XI- 3

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) mines of MCL in operation in the study area. However, all other parameters except PM10 were found to be well within the limits.  The quality of mine water effluent is good even in untreated form. Further, the ground and surface water quality is also good and is well within the standard norms.  It is found that at day time noise level at 3 locations were slightly exceeding the limits. While comparing with standard norms for acceptable outdoor noise levels, all are other locations are found to be well within the prescribed limits.  The soil quality in the project area appears to be good and would support vegetation after suitable reclamation measures.  The major portion of core zone is about 17 Hectares in barren/scrubland and no household was found in core zone area.  Villages have been developed to the extent that Govt. health and primary education facilities are well available there.  Villagers are also availing power supply. People use two wheelers for purpose of travelling. In addition to some kachcha houses, most of other houses are made of concrete.  Villagers in the study area still cultivate their land in a traditional pattern and they are dependent mostly upon seasonal rain. The main occupations of the villagers are cultivation (agriculture) and non-agriculture work. Some of the villagers are employed under MCL also.  MCL runs various programmes in order to provide basic facilities like health, water, road and community hall etc. to the villagers.  MCL projects have directly or indirectly created various opportunities of employment in the region. A large number of villagers are engaged in such projects. These additional employments have big role in improving the living standards of villagers.

11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT The project activities will have impact on environmental attributes. Environmental impacts on following environmental attributes have been assessed.

● Ambient Air Quality ● Ambient Noise Level ● Surface Water Quality ● Topography, water drainage and land use. ● Bio-environment including Flora & Fauna ● Socio-economic environment. ● Storage of coal and washery reject ● Impact on immediate surrounding due to construction of washery

11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES

Activities associated with construction and operation of the plant will have negative impact on environmental attributes. In order to minimize the negative impacts, pollution mitigation measures have been recommended. They are briefly mentioned below.

XI- 4

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

11.5.1 Air Pollution Mitigation Measures Table 11.3 Identified Source of Fugitive S. No. Planned Mitigation Emission 1 Receiving Hopper Sprinkling 2 Surge Hopper Sprinkling 3 Crushing / Dry Screening Dust Extraction System / Sprinkling 4 Coal Stock Yard Sprinkling 5 Washing ( Wet Process ) Coal Becomes Wet Hence Does Not 6 Washed Coal Stock Cause Fugitive Emission 7 Rejects Stock 8 Belt Conveyors Covered Conveyor

 Dust suppression on the road shall be done by sprinkling of water.  Monitoring the condition of transfer chutes and skirt boards and replacing/repairing shall be done on regular basis during the normal inspection by the concerned persons along with the sectional heads.  Water spraying for dust suppression at temporary storage site for reject shall be done regularly.  Road inside the plant shall be paved to minimize the dust due to vehicle movement.  To minimize the generation of fugitive dust in conveyance of washery products Pipe conveyors/covered belt conveyors shall be used for their transportation.  Green belt (15m wide) of area 1.45 Ha in and around the washery site including around the conveyor, vacant places shall be developed to control dust emission.  Efforts for good housekeeping will minimize dust nuisance within the plant premises.  The crushers/pulverizers of the coal washeries shall be provided with enclosures fitted with suitable air pollution control measures.  Water spray arrangements shall be provided at all strategic coal transfer points, enclosures for conveyors etc.

11.5.2 Water Pollution Mitigation Measures

 Sewage generated in service buildings, i.e. rest shelter, canteen, office etc. would be treated in septic tank.  The process of the proposed washery is based on closed water circuit system. All the water fed into the system will be collected after use and re-circulated, after treatment, in various units and no effluent will be allowed to escape into the natural drainage system. Moreover, washery circuit envisages dewatering system like belt press filter & High Frequency Screens for efficient recovery of solids from the slurry. The filtrate water from these equipment will be recycled back to the system to ensure closed water system. The underflow of Radial

XI- 5

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) thickener, in case of emergency, may be fed to slime ponds for settling & natural drying and subsequent reclamation of the dried fines. The overflow water of slime ponds will be pumped back for re-use in the process. Thus, the operation of the washery will not cause any pollution to the local source of water.  Provision of surface run-off settling pond shall also be provided. Garland drain(s) around the stockpiles and other process areas shall collect and carry the run off to settling pond. Overflow water of the settling pond shall be utilized for plant operation etc. Hence, there will be no impact on groundwater and surface streams.  Washery will be designed for zero discharge. However, in case of emergency underflow from thickener shall be treated in 03 Nos of slime ponds of size 100m x 6m x 2.5 m (each) and treated effluent shall be reused.  Total water demand is 1273 m3/hr out of which 955 m3/hr is recycled water. Make-up water of 150 m3/hr shall be met from Gandhisagar/Mitti quarry/any other mine sump which are approximately within 3 KM from the washery site. Hence, groundwater or surface water shall not be utilized for any industrial use in the washery.

11.5.3 Noise Pollution Mitigation Measures

The following measures therefore, have been envisaged to reduce the noise level to the minimum and to protect the workers from noise hazard.

 Use of equipment with arrangements for absorbing the operational noise.  Use of insulated cabins for operators  Use of rubber/ polymer liners in chutes and hoppers  Use of ear muffs by workers in the zone of high noise source (if any)  15 meter wide green belt around the Washery and service building area (1.45 Ha).  Routine preventive maintenance of equipment/HEMM to minimize noise generation at source.  Regular maintenance with prompt replacement of worn-out parts/ liners etc.  Operational / work zone – not to exceed 85 db (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure  Use of silencer for equipments such as diesel sets and air displacement equipment  Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.

11.5.4 Bio-Environment Mitigation Measures

Proposed Hingula washery will be located at Balaram Opencast Project in Hingula Area in the Talcher Coalfield of MCL and the land is in possession of MCL. The major portion of total 17 Ha of land required for Hingula washery is barren/scrubland and it does not involve any forest land.

11.5.5 Mitigation Measures for Socio-Economic Profile

 During construction of washery, the civil and structural work shall be outsourced by BOM operator to sub-contractors and therefore the manpower will be provided by them (sub-contractor), depending on the work requirement at site. Hence semi-skilled and unskilled labor during XI- 6

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) construction phase and unskilled labor during operational phases of the project are proposed to be employed from amongst the local population.  Employment opportunity and access to other amenities such as education, health care facilities for local people  Socio-economic survey conducted and the analysis to identify areas of corporate contribution to improve quality of life  Project specific CSR initiatives  The land is free from human habitation. Thus construction and operation of plant will not create any R&R issue. However, the project proponent (MCL) will undertake certain socio-economic development schemes under CSR programme.

11.6 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

11.6.1 Study of Characteristics of Coal (Including Heavy Metals) Characteristics of Coal based on laboratory analysis is given in the following table: Table 11.4 S No Parameter Raw Coal Washed Coal Coal rejects

1. Quantity (MTPA) 10 8.91 1.09 2. Grade of coal G-11 -- -- 3. Percentage of ash (adb) 34.5 to 42.5 33.50 80.8 4. Percentage of fixed carbon (adb) 29.4 33.9 10.9 5. Gross Calorific value (K. cal/kg) 4075 4750 1500 (avg.) 6. Moisture % (adb) 6.6 6.9 4.03 7. Sulphur (adb) 0.89% 0.68% 0.74% 8. *Mercury (ppm) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 9. *Arsenic (ppm) 1.57 1.43 8.33 10. *Lead (ppm) 105.8 99.19 198.15 11. *Cadmium (ppm) 0.52 0.36 1.37 12. *Chromium(ppm) 110.03 102.27 179.32 *Analysis Agency for *heavy metals: Environment Lab. of CMPDIL, Ranchi

11.6.2 Regarding reject storage The reject site of 10 ha (400mx250m) is sufficient to accommodate the available reject (@193 TPH) for 6 months. However, rejects shall not be stored at temporary storage site beyond 3 months. An Expression of Interest (EoI) for disposal of rejects was floated by MCL and the response was encouraging. Rejects would therefore be sold through e- auction or MoU route as it has Gross calorific value in the range of 1000-2000 K Cal/Kg. Further, disposal of rejects through the prospective buyers will be done in future with due consideration to all statutory environmental stipulations.

11.6.3 Public Consultation With a view to ascertaining the concern of local affected persons and others who have a plausible stake in environmental impacts of the project / activity a public consultation was conducted was conducted at Jagannath colony, post- South Balanda, Talcher, District-Angul. XI- 7

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

11.7 PROJECT BENIFITS

11.7.1 Physical Infrastructure

Access Road: A new access road is proposed to connect the project site to existing road network in the area. Presently this road is katcha road. This road will be strengthened, widened and black topped. This road will also provide road access to the area.

11.7.2 Social Infrastructure

The study area in which the project is located is comparatively developed in terms of social infrastructure including health care facilities, education facilities etc. However the project proponent (MCL) will develop the social infrastructure in the area under its Corporate Social Responsibility (C.S.R.) activities.

11.7.3 Employment Potential

During construction of washery, the civil and structural work shall be outsourced by BOM operator to sub-contractors and therefore the manpower will be provided by them (sub-contractor), depending on the work requirement at site. Hence semi-skilled and unskilled labor during construction phase and unskilled labor during operational phases of the project are proposed to be employed from amongst the local population. Business opportunity in Secondary & Tertiary sectors will increase.

11.7.4 Other (Indirect) Benefits

To Power Plants Using Washed Coal

 Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the energy loss as inert material passes through the combustion process.  Increased plant availability.  Reduced investment cost.  Reduced operation & maintenance cost due to less wear and reduced cost for fuel and ash handling.  Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs.  Less impurities and improved coal quality.  Reduced load in the air pollution control system.  Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off  Reduction in the generation of fly ash quantity at the user point by using washed coal in place of coal  Revenue contribution to government/local bodies and local area development activities

XI- 8

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

11.8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN The activities associated with project construction and project management are likely to have minimum adverse impact on various environmental attributes including air, water, noise, soil, socio-economic profile and bio-environment. To ensure that levels of pollutants do not exceed the limits prescribed by regulatory authorities, following exercise has been taken up:

●Baseline environmental data have been generated to describe the present environmental quality in the study area.

●Likely impacts on environmental attributes due to project construction & operation have been assessed using standard method.

With above exercise, the anticipated levels of pollutants in environment have been assessed.

Environment pollution mitigation measures have been recommended to minimize the impact & to limit them within prescribed level. These environmental mitigation measures are able to be implemental throughout the life of the project.

In addition, environmental parameters will be monitored on regular basis to ensure that level of pollution is within the prescribed level.

The project proponent (MCL) will submit several statutory reports relating to project’s environment impact.

From the above, it may be seen that environmental management of the project during the full life will involve planning, design & implementation of several activities. This will require an exclusive budget and a dedicated organization.

11.8.1 Budget Estimate for Environmental Management Table 11.5: CAPITAL ESTIMATE Cost for Environment Management (Approximate) Amount in rupees(Lakhs) Sl.no Description Cost I) Capital cost 1 Belt filterpress-2nos 327.25

2 Slurry pond -3nos, 304.22 3 Circulating pump-2nos 13.91 4 Pipe line &fittings 3.00 5 Closed conveyor gantries 200.00 Cost of Preparing EIA/EMP & 6 Baseline Data Generation 100.00 XI- 9

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Total (Capital Cost) 948.38 II) Operational cost 1 Dust extraction 2 Sprinklers

3 Plantation-green belt 654.60 4 Noise pollution control 5 Other Miscellaneous Total (Operational Cost) 654.60 Grand Total (I + II) 1602.98 Note: Cost for following items are inbuilt in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical cost: 1) Arrangement for rain water harvesting & surface drainage 2) Facility for treatment of slurry/effluent as well as surface runoff.

11.9 Environmental Monitoring Table-11.6 Summary of Environmental Monitoring (During Operational stage)

Particulars Parameters Schedule

Ambient Air TPM, RPM(PM10 & PM2.5) SO2, NOx At every fortnight. Water Effluent pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total At every fortnight Suspended Solid, Oil & Grease Drinking water All parameters As per IS: 10500 once in a month Noise Leq(dB) Day and night at every fortnight Plantation Growth and survival/mortality rates of Till the end of 3 years. Once the plantations trees attain desired growth, no further monitoring will be required. Health Health of the workers and staff Regular / Periodic health check- associated with the plant operations up and initiating remedial and other connected industrial measures against diseases, and activities for identifying occupational mobile health ambulance for diseases etc. health monitoring for periodic health checkup of the industrial workers.

Environmental Monitoring during construction stage The proposed Hingula Washery shall lie in the leasehold area of Balram OCP, Hingula area, MCL. The environmental monitoring of Balram OCP, being carried out by CMPDIL, shall also serve the purpose of the Environmental Monitoring of Hingula Washery during the construction stage. The above planned Environmental Monitoring program for Hingula Washery shall help evaluate the effectiveness of various mitigation measures.

XI- 10

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) 11.10 System of Environmental Checks and Balances and Reporting of Non- compliances, MCL  For checks and balances, GM(Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment) MCL HQ or their representatives will visit the sites for compliances of environmental norms on regular basis.  In normal course, Nodal officer (Environment)/Area Environment Officer will report the non-compliances/violations of environmental norms to the EIC/Project Officer (Washery).  The Nodal officer (Environment)/Area Environment Officer of Hingula Area will also report such non-compliances/violations to GM, Hingula Area & CGM/GM (Envt.), MCL HQ or his deputed representative.  EIC/Project Officer (Washery) shall then report the same to GM (Washery) & GM, Hingula Area. GM, Hingula Area will report the same to GM(Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment), MCL HQ.  After the field visits of GM (Washery) & CGM/GM(Environment) the matter will be placed by CGM/GM(Environment) before Director (T/P&P)/MCL Board on the basis of the merit of the non-compliance of norms.

11.11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

Preparation of EIA EMP Report Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, an ISO 9001 Company.

It is accredited By QCI VIDE QCI/NABET letter No. NABET/EIA/01/12/002 dated 31.01.2012 Validity: 03 years (from 01/10/2011). Sectors approved Mining of Minerals including OC/ UG Mining and Coal Washeries. Generation Baseline data Sl. No. Nature of Study Name of Agency which has conducted the study 1. Seasonal Ambient Air Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Quality and Micro- meteorology study 2. Water Quality study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 3. Ambient Noise Level Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Study 4. Soil Quality study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 5. Land-use study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 6. Socio- Economic Study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 7. Flora & Fauna study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Environmental Engineering laboratory, Chennai Division of Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai, is accredited by NABL vide certificate no. T-2422 dtd. 10.01.2013. The accreditation is valid till 09.01.2015.

XI- 11

EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

CHAPTER-XII

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12. 1 Name of Consultant

Preparation of EIA EMP Report Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, an ISO 9001 Company.

It is accredited By QCI VIDE QCI/NABET letter No. NABET/EIA/01/12/002 dated 31.01.2012 Validity: 03 years (from 01/10/2011). Sectors approved Mining of Minerals including OC/ UG Mining and Coal Washeries. Generation Baseline data Sl. No. Nature of Study Name of Agency which has conducted the study 1. Seasonal Ambient Air Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Quality and Micro- meteorology study 2. Water Quality study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 3. Ambient Noise Level Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Study 4. Soil Quality study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 5. Land-use study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 6. Socio- Economic Study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai 7. Flora & Fauna study Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai Environmental Engineering laboratory, Chennai Division of Richardson & Cruddas ( 1972 ) LTD., Chennai, is accredited by NABL vide certificate no. T-2422 dtd. 10.01.2013. The accreditation is valid till 09.01.2015.

XII-1 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

ABOUT CMPDI

Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, it is an ISO 9001 Company.

It is accredited By QCI VIDE QCI/NABET letter No. NABET/EIA/01/12/002 dated 31.01.2012 Validity: 03 years (from 01/10/2011). Sectors approved Mining of Minerals including OC/ UG Mining and Coal Washeries.

Its registered Corporate office is situated at Gondwana Place, Kanke Road, Ranchi-834 008, a capital city of Jharkhand state. It operates through seven strategically located Regional Institutes over six states territories of India. Details of all the seven institutes including its corporate office are given as in Table-12.1.

Table-12.1 Sl. Offices Addresses Tel / Fax No Postal Email Website . 1 Corporate Gondwana [email protected] http://www.c +91 651 2230483, Place, Kanke c.in, mpdi.co.in 2230116 / +91 651 Road, Ranchi- cmpdihq@cmp 2231447, 2232249 834 008, di.co.in, Jharkhand environment@c mpdihq@cmpdi .co.in 2 Regional West End, GT ri1.cmpdi.co.in http://www.c +91 341 2253504 / Institute-I Road. Asansol- mpdi.co.in +91 341 2250935 713 301, West +919434038710 Bengal. 3 Regional Koyala ri2.cmpdi.co.in http://www.c +91 326 2230789, Institute-II Bhawan, Koyla mpdi.co.in 2230850, 2230103, Nagar, 2230105/+91326 Dhanbad-826 2265575 005, Jharkhand +91 9431911174 4 Regional Gondwana ri3.cmpdi.co.in http://www.c +91 6512231506 / Institute-III Place, Kanke mpdi.co.in +91 651 2231501 Road, Ranchi- +91 9431107883 834 008, Jharkhand 5 Regional Kasturba ri4.cmpdi.co.in http://www.c +91 0712 2642134 / Institute-IV Nagar, mpdi.co.in +91 0712 2643231 Jaripatka, +91 9422300221 Nagpur-440 014, Maharashtra.

XII-2 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Sl. Offices Postal Email Website Tel / Fax No Addresses . 6 Regional SECL Complex, [email protected] & http://www +91 7752 246482 / Institute-V Seepat Road, cmpdi5@rediffmail. .cmpdi.co. +91 7752 246481 Bilapur, com in +91 9425220725 Chhattisgarh. 7 Regional CWS Colony, ri6.cmpdi.co.in http://www +91 7805 222172 / Institute- P.O. Jayant .cmpdi.co. +91 7805 277600 VI Colliery, Sidhi- in +91 9425381444 486 890, Madhya Pradesh. 8 Regional Gruha Nirman ri7.cmpdi.co.in http://www +91 0674 2394760, Institute- Bhawan, .cmpdi.co. 2394357, / +91 VII Sachiwalaya in 0674 2395128 Marg, Unit 3, +91 9437018760 Bhubaneshwar- 751 001, Orissa.

All the above regional institutes are dedicated to rendering services to seven subsidiaries of the CIL as flows:

Table-12. 2

Sl. Institutes Dedicated to No. 1 Regional Institute-I Eastern Coal fields Ltd.(ECL) 2 Regional Institute-II Bharat Coking Coal Ltd.(BCCL) 3 Regional Institute-III Central Coalfields Ltd(CCL) 4 Regional Institute-IV Western Coalfields Ltd(WCL) 5 Regional Institute-V South Eastern Coalfields Ltd(SECL) 6 Regional Institute-VI Northern Coalfields Ltd.(NCL) 7 Regional Institute-VII Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd(MCL)

CMPDI(HQ.) Ranchi renders services to NEC & Non-CIL clients and specialized assignments for both CIL & non-CIL clients.

XII-3 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

12. 2 Brief resume of the consultant

12.2.1 Establishment background

The company was formerly known as Coal Mines Authority Limited. And, the Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited (herein after called as CMPDI) is a planning & design division of Coal India Limited (hereinafter called as CIL) as per Memorandum of Association of the company. The CIL is a holding company since November 01, 1975, and the CMPDIL is one of its subsidiaries since then. It is under Ministry of Coal, Government of India.

12. 2.2 Strength & Resources

Manpower

CMPDI has more than 800 multidisciplinary technical executive professionals who combine innovation and initiative to deliver faster and effective solutions in planning, implementation and management of projects..

Resources

CMPDI is equipped with modern laboratory facilities for undertaking various analytical works to supplement its services. It has well equipped network of six environmental laboratories located in various coalfields to regularly monitor air, water and noise parameters. The central unit at Ranchi is accredited with Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi. Besides its own strength, CMPDI has access to the vast resources with its principal, CIL, India’s largest coal producer and a Navratna Company.

12.2.3 Recognition

CMPDI is recognized as preferred consultant by Indian and overseas clients, United Nation agencies and international financial institutions, and the company is registered with

 World Bank  Asian Development Bank  African Development Bank  United Nations Development Programme

XII-4 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

12.2.4 Main Functional area

The main functional area of the CMPDI is to provide adequate and up-to- date planning, design and technological supports to the CIL and its coal producing subsidiaries to enable them to produce the planned quantity of coal efficiently and economically with due attention to safety, conservation, quality and environment. In addition to these, CMPDI also provides necessary consultancy for clients outside the CIL in India and abroad. The Quality management System of CMPDI, Ranchi is certified under international standard-ISO-2000 by BVQI(UK). Services covered under are as follows:

1. Consultancy in Mineral Exploration and Environmental Management. 2. Planning & Design in Mining, Civil & Architectural Engineering, Coal Preparation &c Utilization, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Mining Electronics, Geomatics and Mine Construction. 3. Laboratory testing facilities for the above. 4. Technical & Management Training in Mineral & Mining Sector.

12.3 Nature of consultancy rendered

CMPDI has been offering services in the fields enumerated in Table-12.3. Table-12.3

Sl. Services offered No. 1 Exploration & Resource Evaluation 2 Mine Planning & Design Services 3 Infrastructures Engineering 4 Environmental Services 5 Beneficiation Services 6 Management Services 7 Specialized Services 8 Laboratory Services 9 ITC in Mining 10 Research & Development

12.3.1 Exploration & resource Evaluation

New generation exploration technology coupled with skilled manpower has made CMPDI a twenty first century leader in mineral exploration, deposit modeling, resource evaluation, resource management, mining geology, hydro-geological & geophysical studies, engineering geological

XII-5 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) investigations, etc. Services rendered under this head are described in brief in Table-12.4 herein after.

Table-12.4

Sl. Subheads of Services rendered in No. Services 1 Geological Support for Production support or mine mining development drilling and prediction of faults and pinch / wash outs Delineation of roof / floor and dirt bands 2 Drilling Coring-Diamond rotary drills up to a capacity of 1280 m depth Non-coring-Direct rotary and DTH drills for hydro-geological investigations, dewatering, etc. 3 Deposit modelling Using geo-statistical and geological software packages including MINEX and in-house developed CEMPGEODOC and SASLINT software 4 Resource Evaluation Deposits of coal, lignite, manganese, iron ore (magnetite and hematite), phosphorite, coal bed methane, etc. 5 Resource Management Strategic planning for future exploration depending upon market demand. Updating of reserve / resource of individual blocks or coalfields. 6 Hydro-geological Systematic ground water studies investigations. Mining hydro-geological studies. 7 Geo-engineering works Determination of strength properties of rocks and coal and RQD (Rock Quality Designation) to assess strength characteristics of strata. 8 Master Planning for Creation of data packages of assessment of potential CBM blocks resource potential- with Resource evaluation of CBM / CMM / respect to CBM (Coal AMM. Bed Methane) globally Formulation of policy guidelines for an emerging harnessing CB resources. environment friendly Implementation of CIL-ONGC alternate energy Consortiums venture in developing source. CBM in coalfields.

XII-6 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

To provide quality services, CMPDI is effectively utilizing technology like remote sensing, combination drilling (coring and non-coring), multi-probe geophysical borehole logging, seismic refraction survey, etc.

CMPDI has already undertaken over 500 integrated exploration projects in varying geological and terrain conditions.

12.3.2 Mine Planning & Design Services

CMPDI is a premier consultant in open pit and underground mine planning & design in coal, lignite and other minerals. It has prepared more than 950 mining project reports with individual capacity up to 35 Million tonne per annum. CMPDI uses advance software like MINEX for resource modeling, mine planning and scheduling of open cast and underground mine projects. It has helped its subsidiaries to achieve unprecedented production growth from open cast mines in their organizations. Its experience in mechanized underground mining technology spans exploitation of coal seams from 1.00 m to 20 m thickness, at different gradients from flat to 750; with soft to extremely hard coal; liable to spontaneous heating and gassiness and under varying roof strata conditions. Services offered to are manifold and are enumerated briefly in Table-12. 5.

Table-12. 5

Sl No. Services Offered 1 Master planning of coalfield 2 Perspective planning 3 Conceptual engineering studies 4 Techno-economic feasibility studies 5 Detailed project reports 6 Detailed engineering with working drawings 7 Mine ventilation and transport planning 8 Operational planning 9 Mining plans for mining lease 10 Mine capacity assessment 11 Performance analysis of equipment 12 Prediction of surface subsidence through numerical modeling software. 13 Geo-physical logging, Seismic survey, Resistivity survey etc.

XII-7 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

12.3.3 Infrastructure Engineering

CMPDI provides engineering logistic or support services for development of infrastructure. It has developed multi-disciplinary engineering skills for implementing projects of various complexities. In particular, it has offered complete planning and design services for architectural planning, civil, structural, electrical and mechanical engineering in various projects; important of them are enumerated in Table-12. 6.

Table-12. 6

Sl No. Services Offered 1 Planning of large capacity, high speed bulk material handling plants. 2 Turnkey execution of coal handling plants. 3 Planning of high voltage sub-stations. 4 Planning of workshops of various types and capacities. 5 Township planning including roads, water supply, water supply system, drainage, water / sewerage treatment plants and detailed planning and design of all township infrastructure. 6 Site selection for pit head thermal power plants based on remote sensing data. 7 Rail corridor alignment through remote sensing 8 Techno-economic feasibility study of captive power plants based on pulverized coal and FBC technology.

12.3.4 Environmental Services

CMPDI holds a position of eminence in the field of environmental planning, impact assessment, management and environmental engineering in coal and other sectors. It is the nodal agency for coordination and monitoring of ongoing environmental up-gradation schemes sanctioned by Ministry of Coal and Mines under the head “Environmental Measures and Subsidence Control”. It undertakes technical scrutiny of new proposals, visits to projects sites and disbursement of funds to the implementing agencies.

A few of the new areas in which CMPDI has diversified are environmental & hydrogeological studies for disposal of fly ash, development of air quality model, bio-treatment of industrial effluents, carrying capacity base development planning, watershed modeling and rain water harvesting. Services offered with respect to environmental quality; monitoring, engineering, management and planning are briefly given as in Table-12. 7.

XII-8 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table-12. 7

Sl. Subheads of Services Services rendered No. 1 Environmental Monitoring Air quality Water quality Noise level Soil Quality Micro-meteorological studies Stack monitoring 2 Environmental Laboratory Air Analysis : facilities Suspended Particulate Matter Respirable Particulate Matter (PM10 & PM2.5) Oxides of Sulphur (SOx) Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Total Hydro Carbon (CnHn) Total Dust (Settlable) Carbon Dioxide Water Analysis: Physical Parameter - pH, Colour, Temp, Turbidity Suspended Solids, Dissolved Solids, etc. Chemical and Biological (BOD, COD, Heavy Metals and trace elements as per statutory requirement) Noise: Noise Intensity Survey Leq Value of Noise 3 Environmental Water treatment plants engineering Industrial / Municipal effluent treatment and recycling plants Hazardous waste disposal site engineering Municipal effluent disposal site engineering 4 Natural resource Land use planning management Rain water harvesting Watershed management plans 5 Regional planning Regional environment management plans Regional environment status plans

XII-9 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Sl. Subheads of Services Services rendered No. 6 Environment Assessment Environment Assessment plans plans 7 Special studies Review of existing mining and environment policies, legislations, standards and mechanisms for monitoring compliance, institutional strengthening for regulatory and counterpart institutions. Study of environmental problems and action plan for restoration of environmental quality. Mine closure planning

12.3.5 Beneficiation Services

CMPDI specializes in planning, design and construction of new washeries and modification of existing washeries for coal and mineral beneficiation. Services with respect to beneficiation offered to are given as in Table-12.8.

Table-12.8

Sl No. Services Offered to for 1 Planning of coal and mineral beneficiation plants. 2 Preparation of feasibility / project reports including macro level analysis, washability studies, environmental impact assessment and techno-economic analysis. 3 Technical studies, performance evaluation and operation & maintenance related consultancy for existing washeries. 4 Pilot scale studies and trials.

12.3.6 Management Services

Following descript management services enumerated in Table-12.9 have been offered by CMPDI to different organizations or bodies.

XII-10 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Table-12.9

Sl. No. Subheads of Services Services rendered for 1 Coal Investment Assistance to Government of promotion Services India in identification and assessment of coal mining properties for investments through private sector participation. 2 Quality Management Consultancy for Services implementation, certification and maintenance of ISO 9001 Quality Management System and its industry specific translations, ISO 14001 Environment Management System and OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Assurance System. 3 Human Resource Creating knowledge and skill Management based workforce, CMPDI through its Staff Training College (STC) imparts training to its clients’ personnel. Under UNDP, CMPDI has trained professionals from Nigeria, Sultanate of Oman and North Korea. Through its STC it has organized training programmes under five major categories such as (i) Technical (ii) Managerial (iii) Computer application, (iv) Quality Skills,(v) Quality System, etc. It has also organized & conducted off- campus training programmes with respect to Quality System at various subsidiaries of the CIL CMPDI diversified into management system consultancy in 1998. While continuing to provide consultancy for ISO 9000 Quality Management System (QMS) and ISO 14000 Environmental Management System (EMS),

XII-11 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

it made forays into consultancy for ISO 17025 (Testing and calibrating laboratories) under consultancy scope as:  Creation of Management system.  Providing training support.  Implementation, certification and post certification support.

12.3.7 Specialized Services

With a view to catering to specific requirements of clients, CMPDI has been providing field oriented specialized services to its clients. Descript services rendered under this category have been remote sensing, terrestrial survey, blasting, ventilation design & gas assessment in underground mines, energy audit and non-destructive testing. Main services rendered are described in brief in Table-12.10.

Table-12.10

Sl. No. Subheads Services rendered in of Services 1 Geomatics Geomatic services in mining sector ranging from topgraphical survey, base line data generation and monitoring of land use / land cover for environmental management, water resource survey and coal mine fire mapping. It has also imparted expertise services in the fields of remote sensing applications, terrain mapping, co-relation survey for underground mines, GPS / GIS survey, cartography and digital image processing. 2 Blasting Carrying out controlled blasting & ground vibration study, vibration monitoring, fragmentation improvement studies, random sampling and testing of explosive and accessories and performance evaluation of new explosives with sophisticated testing equipment in both coal and non-coal sectors. 3 Non- Services for Non-destructive testing of components destructive of machinery, installations and other structural Testing elements have been provided on site during (NDT) periodic maintenance to avoid accidental failure. 4 Ventilation CMPDI has been offering services for ventilation and Gas monitoring, planning and design of ventilation Survey system including gas assessment and testing for underground mines. 5 Energy CMPDI is empanelled as an accredited energy Audit auditor with Govt. of West Bengal and Petroleum

XII-12 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Sl. No. Subheads Services rendered in of Services Conservation Research Association (PCRA) under ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Govt. of India. Over 130 reports on electrical and diesel energy conservation have been prepared. 6 Inspection CMPDI has been rendering pre-dispatch third party Services inspection services for plants and equipments at the manufacturers workstations for materials procured by its clients. 7 Captive Reports on optimum utilization, conceptual notes power and tender documents. plants

12.3.8 Laboratory Services

CMPDI has well-equipped laboratories for carrying out investigations and analysis for geo-chemical, petrography, coal washability and geo-mechanic properties.

For coal and lignite characterization, CMPDI has laboratories with highly skilled manpower and state of art equipment. The data generated by these laboratories form basis for characterization and grading of coal in exploration, mine feasibility reports, washery designs and down-stream utilization. Brief description of Laboratory Services rendered by CMPDI is given as in Table-12.11.

Table-12.11

Sl. No. Subheads of Services rendered in Services 1. Environment CMPDI has a well equipped environmental Laboratory laboratory to undertake the entire spectrum of environmental studies. The environmental laboratory is recognized by NABL & Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India and accredited with ISO-9001 certification. 2 Geo-chemical CMPDI has been rendering geo-chemical Laboratory analysis like proximate & ultimate analysis, GCV determination of coal and lignite and other special tests through microprocessor based automatic calorimeter and analyzer. 3 Petrographic CMPDI has been carrying out evaluation for Laboratory hydro carbons, oil shales and coal bed

XII-13 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY)

Sl. No. Subheads of Services rendered in Services methane for coal coke and source rock through sophisticated microscopes, identifying mineral phases in coal, rocks and metals through X-Ray diffractometer, and Micro-area analysis & cleat studies for CBM through Scanning Electron Microscope accredited by International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP). 4 Mining CMPDI has been determining physico- Laboratory mechanical properties of rocks for design inputs for mine planning and other technical services and undertaking testing of roof supports and building materials for design support systems for underground workings. 5 Washery CMPDI has been determining washability Laboratory characteristics of coarse, small and fine coal and shattering & pulverizing characteristics of coal for assistance in planning and design of coal beneficiation plants.

12.3.9 ITC Services in Mining

CMPDI has been gearing up itself fully meet challenges of IT sector requisite for mining industries as per IT implementation scheme with a view to revolutionizing mining industry and mining operations in coming years. IT services provided by CMPDI have been as tabulated in Table- 10.12.

Table-12.12

Sl No. Services Offered to for 1 Mine communication and mine safety systems 2 Establishing internet and internet facilities 3 Real time fleet management system for large opencast mines using GIS & GPS. 4 Land information system using enterprise GIS.

12.3.10 R & D Services

The Research & Development activities in coal and lignite is being administered through the Scientific Advisory Committee (SSRC) with Secretary (Coal) as its Chairman. The committee is entrusted with the task

XII-14 EIA/EMP Hingula Washery (10 MTY) of planning, budgeting and overseeing the implementation of R & D programme in coal & lignite sector and also for application of research findings. And, CMPDI is the Nodal Agency to coordinate S & T / R &D activities in coal and lignite Sector and assist SSRC in areas mentioned herein after.

CMPDI applied research and development in the field of mining, beneficiation, utilization, environment, exploration, etc. serving as nodal agency for all S & T schemes funded by Ministry of Coal and R & D schemes funded by R & D Board of the CIL(constituted in August 1995). Field oriented research projects including transfer and absorption of new technology concerning main areas of coal research have been as follows:

 Production, productivity and safety.  Coal beneficiation and utilization.  Environment and Ecology.

************

XII-15