STRICTLY RESTRICTED FOR COMPANY USE ONLY RESTRICTED The information given in this report is not to be communicated either directly or indirectly to the press or to any person not holding an official position in the CIL/Government.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (As per EIA Notification, 2006)
For
MADHUBAND NLW COAL WASHERY Normative Capacity: 5.0 MTPA Raw Coal Peak Capacity : 6.5 MPTA Raw Coal Land Requirement 23 Ha
(Block II Area) Bharat Coking Coal Limited
(February, 2011)
Prepared at
Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd. (A Subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.) Regional Institute - II, Koyla Bhawan complex, Koyla Nagar, Dhanbad - 826005 (Jharkhand), India
C O N T E N T S
SL. CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGE NO NO. NO.
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I- XIII 2 1 INTRODUCTION 1-7 3 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 8-30 4 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 31-74 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL 5 4 75-128 IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 6 5 129 (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 7 6 130-131 PROGRAMME 8 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 132-135 PROJECT BENEFITS IMPROVEMENTS 9 8 136-137 IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT 10 9 138-139 ANALYSIS 11 10 EMP 140-142 12 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 143-146 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS 13 12 147 ENGAGED QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL 14 148-172 FOR COAL WASHERY PROJECTS
15 ANNEXURE-I ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE C-1 to C-4
16 ANNEXURE-II PUBLIC HEARING PROCEEDINGS AII-1 to AII-23
17 ANNEXURE-III COPY OF APPROVED TOR AIII-1 to AIII-3
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) i JOB No. 200310002
LIST OF PLATES
SL NO. DESCRIPTION PLATE NO.
1 LOCATION PLAN 1 SURFACE LAYOUT PLAN STORM WATER 2 2 SAMPLING STATIONS STUDY AREA MAP OF CORE & BUFFER 3 3 ZONE SHOWING SOIL SAMPLING STATIONS DRAINAGE CONTOUR MAP SHOWING 4 4 WATER SAMPLING STATIONS STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING ROAD & 5 RAILWAY AND AIR & NOISE SAMPLING 5 STATIONS STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING HABITATION & 6 6 FOREST STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING 7 7 HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING LAND USE 8 8 CLASSES STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING ISOPLETHS OF 9 9 INCREMENTAL SPM DISTRIBUTION STUDY AREA MAP SHOWING SURFACE 10 10 LAYOUT WITH GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT 11 WATER & SLIME CIRCUIT 11
12 EQUIPMENT FLOW DIAGRAM 12
13 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM 13 FUGUTIVE DUST SOURCES & MITIGATION- 14 14 FLOW DIAGRAM 15 COAL RECEIPT AND DESPATCH 15
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) ii JOB No. 200310002
LIST OF CHARTS
Sl NO DESCRIPTION CHART NO. PAGE NO.
PROPOSED ORGANISATIONAL CHART 1 1 C-1 FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2 DEPARTMENT ORGANISATION 2 C-2 (PROPOSED) AT CORPORATE LEVEL
ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN OF 3 3 C-3 MADHUBAND NLW WASHERY
HARMONOGRAM FOR 4 4 C-4 IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) iii JOB No. 200310002
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
Coal is an important infra-structural input and a dominant source of energy in India accounting for 54% of the country’s primary energy needs. The quality of coal plays an important role in environmental aspects during its use especially in power plants. Due to drift origin of Indian coal, ash content is quite high and coal seams have dirt bands of carbonaceous nature. High ash content in coal causes environmental pollution apart from reducing plant efficiency and adding the cost of coal transportation per unit calorific value. Further ash disposal is itself a difficult task with adverse environmental impacts. The environmental law prohibits the use of coal having ash more than 34% for use in power plants in critically polluted area, ecological sensitive area or urban area, or located at distance of more than 1000 km from pit head. Thus it is imperative that coal is beneficiated before use not only for value addition but also as environmental mitigation measures. The coal seams in mines under Bharat Coking Coal Limited have been found to have coking propensities to different extent and it has been found by scientific investigation that production of high valued coking coal can be produced by washing this coal. The outputs or the balance of products comprises of coking coal with 17-19% ash for use in steel making, middling for use in thermal power plants and rejects too can be gainfully utilized in power generation through fluidized bed combustion plants. The augmentation of quality coking coal will reduce the dependence on import saving huge foreign exchange. In the backdrop of the above, it was decided in review meeting taken by Minister of State (Coal) at Kolkata on 11.01.2007 to set up modular washeries of high capacity for economic washing of available high ash coal in order to supply improved quality and sized coal to consumers. Madhuban NLW Wahery (5Mty) is one such washery proposed to be installed on Build, Operate and Maintain concept with the state of the art technology for right mix of products with optimized yields.
1.1 Brief Description of The Project
The proposed Madhuband NLW coal washery will be located in the close vicinity of a existing coal washery in Jharia Coalfields under command area of Bharat Coking coal Limited. It is located in a non forest and non coal bearing area. It is planned for three prduct namely clean metallurgical coal, Power coal and rejects. Its normative and peak capacities are 5.0 MTPA & 6.5 MTPA respectively. The proposed project will receive coal from Muraidih OCP, Shatabdi OCP, Block-II OCP and Akashkinaree OCP with Muraidih OCP and Block-II OCP contributing 78% of raw coal. Clean coal from the washery will be linked to steel plants at Durgapur, Bhilai & Bokaro. The power coal (middlings) will be linked to the different power station, and the rejects to the
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 1 JOB No. 200310002
proposed FBC plants. The MOU/Agreements with the steel plants and TPPs have been made for the existing washeries. These MOUs shall be revised prior to commencement of the production from the proposed washeries.
Present Status The tender for setting up of Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery on BOM basis has been finalized and it has been awarded to M/S Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd. (the L-1 Bidder)
Approval of Madhuband Washery The TEFR of Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (5 MTY) was placed before the 257th meeting of Board of Directors of Coal India Limited held on 31.05.2010. After detailed deliberation, the Board approved the TEFR of Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (5 MTY) on BOM basis at an initial capital investment of Rs.292.0427 Crores.
1.2 Purpose of the report
The purpose of the EIA/EMP Report is to apply for grant of environmental clearance for the proposed Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (Nromative capacity: 5.0 MTY & peak capacity: 6.5 MTY) from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India in view of EIA notification 2006 dated 14th September’06. The proposal of terms of reference (TOR) was discussed in EAC meeting held on 25th August, 2009. Subsequently the Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India (MOEF) issued TOR vide letter No. J- 11015/234/2009-IA.II(M) dated 10-09-2009 for obtaining environmental clearance for Madhuband NLW Coal Washery of BCCL. Presentation of Draft EMP of Proposed Madhuband washery made to Jharkhand State Pollution Board on 06.12.2010 at Ranchi. Pubpic Hearing was held on 28.01.2011
It is envisaged that the proposed Madhuband Washery will run as per approved TEFR washing raw coal @ 5.0 MTPA. The Balance of product is given below.
Item Wt % Ash % Quantity (MTPA) a) Clean coal 40.3 19.7 2.0 b) Middlings 19.4 40.7 1.0 c) Rejects 40.3 66.91 2.0 Total 100 42.8 5.0
1.3 Identification of Project Proponent
Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), a subsidiary of Coal India Limited is a prime producer of coking & non-coking coal in the country. It operates coal mines in the state of Jharkhand and West Bengal. Its operation is spread over 305 Km2 in the districts of Dhanbad, Bokaro and Burdwan. Mining operation is spread over two coalfields namely Jharia Coalfield and Ranigunj Coalfield. BCCL has produced 27.51 Mt. of coal during 2009-10.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 2 JOB No. 200310002
Annual coal production of BCCL since 2000-01 is given below:
Year Production 2000-01 25.97 2001-02 25.25 2002-03 24.15 2003-04 22.68 2004-05 22.31 2005-06 23.30 2006-07 24.20 2007-08 25.21 2008-09 25.51 2009-10 27.51
Presently BCCL is operating 65 UG and OC mines, 7 coal washeries . The whole operation is spread over 12 administrative areas under respective Area GM/ CGM.
The project under consideration, i.e. Proposed Madhuband NLW Coal Washery is administratively under Bolck II Area of BCCL headed by General Manager, Block II Area. Geologically, it falls in Jharia Coalfield in Dhanbad District of Jharkhand.
Brief description of nature, size and location of the project
Nature & Size
The technology proposed in the approved Techno-Economic-Feasibility- Report (TEFR) is based on five stage benification process consisting of three stages Heavy Media Cyclone with two stage Fine Coal Benification for cleaning of raw coal leading to production of clean coal and rejects. In the fine coal benification, the 1mm – 0.25mm will be processed in Teeter Bed Seperator, which is an advanced technology as on date in the world & the (-)0.25mm coal will be beneficiated through conventional Floatation System. Raw coal throughput capacity, clean coal production, middlings and rejects generation is @ 5.0 MTPA, 2.0 MTPA, 1.0 MPTA and 2 MTPA respectively. The washery is proposed to be constructed over 23 Ha of land.
Location & Communication
The proposed Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (5.0 MTPA) is located between latitudes 230 45’ 46” N & 230 46 ’54” N and longitudes of 860’ 11’ 10” E & 860 13’29” E in the District of Dhanbad of Jharkhand State. The proposed washery falls in Jharia Coalfields under command area of Bharat coking
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 3 JOB No. 200310002
Coal Limited and is administrative control of General Manager of Barora Area. The area is bounded by Gomoh-Mohuda line of South Eastern Railway on the east. The Jamunia River is on the west. Main road constructed by Hirak from Dhanbad to Chandrapura is in the north. The district board road connecting Dhanbad and Chandrapura and Dhanbad- Chandrapura line of the East Central Railway are on the south. Ranchi airport is about 190 km from the site. Location plan is enclosed at Plate No-I. No alternative site has been considered as this proposal is for setting up of a coal washery for beneficiation of raw coal produced from adjoining Muraidih OCP, Block-II, Shatabdi & Akashkinaree OCP. The washery is proposed to be located on non-forest land in non-coal bearing area.
1.5 The importance of this Project to the country & region
Benefits at national level
i) The Washery will produce environmental friendly clean coal to minimise the pollution levels. ii) It will reduce volume of coal transportation which will reduce pollution . iii) The rejects will be utilized for power generation in Fluidised Bed Combustion plants.
The washery will produce 2.0 MTPA of metallurgical grade coal to be used in steel plants thus resulting in savings to the national exchequer.
Increased generation efficiency, mainly due to the energy loss as inert material passes through the combustion process. Increased plant availability. Reduced investment cost. Reduced operation & maintenance cost due to less wear and reduced cost for fuel and ash handling. Energy conservation in the transportation sector and lower transportation costs. Less impurities and improved coal quality. Reduced load in the air pollution control system. Reduction in the amount of solid waste that has to be disposed off
Benefits at local level
i) The project will create employment opportunities both for skilled and semi- skilled persons in the area.
ii) Business opportunity in Secondary & Tertiary sectors will increase.
iii) Power network will be extended to the project site for the construction & operation of the plant. This network will also facilitate distribution of power in the neighboring area.
iv) The proposed washery project will also bring about enhanced socio-economic benefits to local population due to expenditure on CSR activities
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 4 JOB No. 200310002
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – DETAILS OF REGULATORY SCOPING CARRIED OUT (AS PER TERMS OF REFERENCE)
Based on the application, presentation made and discussions held, the Committee prescribed the following TOR (vide letter no.J-11015/234/2009-IA.II(M), dated 10.09.2011:
SL. REPLY WITH PRESCRIBED OBSERVATION BY MOEF NO. REFERENCE
i A brief description of the plant, The technology used, Ch.-2, Page 8 to The source of coal, The mode of transport of 22 incoming unwashed coal and the outgoing washed Ch-4, P115 to P coal. Specific pollution control and mitigative 118 measures for the entire process. ii The EIA –EMP report should cover the impacts and Ch.-4 P.75 to management plan for the project of the capacity for P.115 which EC is sought and the impacts of specific activities on the environment of the region, and the environmental quality-air, water, land biotic community etc. Through collection of data and information, generation of data of impacts for rated capacity if the washery is captive to a coal mine/TPP/Plant the cumulative impacts on the environment and usage of water should be brought out along with the EMP. iii A study area map of the core zone and 10km area of Plate No. 3 &6 , buffer showing major industries/mines and other P-151 polluting sources, which shall also indicate the migratory corridors of fauna, if any and the areas where endangered fauna and plants of medicinal and economic importance are found in the area. If there are any ecologically sensitive areas found within the 15km buffer zone, the shortest distance from the National Park/WL Sanctuary Tiger Reserve, etc should be shown and the comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government should be furnished. iv Collection of one-season (non–monsoon) primary Ch.-3 , P 31 to P base-line data on environmental quality air 61 (SPM,RPM, Sox and Nox), noise, water (surface and ground water), soil. v Detailed water balance should be provided. The Ch.-2 , P 21 & 16 break up of water requirement as per different activities in the mining operations vis-à-vis washery should be given separately. Source of water for use in Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 5 JOB No. 200310002
SL. REPLY WITH PRESCRIBED OBSERVATION BY MOEF NO. REFERENCE
washery, sanction of the competent authority in the State Govt. and examine if the unit can be zero discharge including recycling and reuse of the wastewater for other uses such as green belt, etc. The Committee desired that the feasibility of use of water discharged from any of he neighbouring mines be examined. The Committee desired that Pressure Filter and thickener should be installed for water recovery and refuse. The unit should be zero discharge. vi Impact of choice of the selected use of technology Ch.-4, P 77 and impact on air quality and waste generation (emissions and effluents). vii The committee desired that the transport of coal Chapter 2 P17, (washed / raw and rejects) should be minimal by road P29,P 79, P116, and all the options should be examined. Impacts of P123,P150 mineral transportation – the entire sequence of mineral production, transportation, handling, transfer and storage of mineral and waste, if any, and their impacts on air quality should be shown in a flow chart with the specific points where fugitive emissions can arise and the specific pollution control/mitigative measures proposed to be put in place. viii Details of various facilities to be provided for the P150, personnel involved in mineral transportation in terms P121.P124,P130, of parking, rest areas, canteen, and effluents/pollution P150 load from these activities. Examine whether existing roads are adequate to take care of the additional load of mineral [and rejects] transportation, their impacts. Details of workshop, if any, and treatment of workshop effluents. ix Impacts of CHP, if any, on air and water quality. A P21, P116, flow chart of water use and whether unit can be made a zero-discharge unit. x The Details of green belt development. Ch4, P118, Plate-10 xi Including cost of EMP (capital and recurring) in the Ch 9, P139 project cost. xii Public Hearing details of the coal washery to include Annexure II, details of notices issued in the newspaper, P157 proceedings, /minutes of pubic hearing, the points raised by the general public and commitments made in a tabular. If the Public Hearing is in the regional language an authenticated English Translation of the same should be provided. CSR details should be given specifically for the washery proposal. xiii Status of any litigation / court cases filed / pending on P162 the project. Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 6 JOB No. 200310002
SL. REPLY WITH PRESCRIBED OBSERVATION BY MOEF NO. REFERENCE
xiv Submission of sample test analysis of : i) Characteristics of coal to be washed – this includes Ch.2, P 19 to grade of coal and other characteristics-ash, s and P20 heavy metals including level of Hg, As , Ph,Cr etc. II) Characteristics and quantum of washed coal. Ch.2, P 18 to P20, III) Characteristics and quantum of coal waste Ch.2, P 19 to rejects. P20, xv Management/disposal/use of coal waste rejects. The Ch2, P 22 to 27 coal rejects should be completely used in an FBC based TPP and any balance rejects can be sold to others users. The details of these should be explained as part of the EIA-EMP Report. In case of other users, an MOU should be entered into with potential buyers for their long-term use. xvi Copies of MOU/Agreement with linkages (for stand Ch1, P1 alone washery) for the capacity for which EC has been sought. xvii Submission of sample test analysis of: Table 2.3 Characteristics of coal to be washed- this includes grade of coal and other characteristics-ash,s ,
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 7 JOB No. 200310002
CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
Name and type of the Project
Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (5.0 Mty), Block-II area, BCCL, Dhanbad.
Need and Justification of the project
The proposal is for setting up of a new coal washery of 5.0 Mty capacity covering an area of 23 Ha in the vicinity of existing Madhuband Washery, in non coal bearing area , Jharia Coalfield, BCCL for benification of raw coal produced from adjoining Muraidih OCP, Block-II, Shatabdi & Akashkinaree OCP. The proposed washery will be producing metallurgical coal for steel plants and thermal coal for power plants. Our country imports metallurgical grade coal to meet the demand of the same. The metallurgical coal produced by the washery will not only partly meet the demand but also save foreign exchange for our country.
2.1.3 Objectives
Washed Coal / Clean Coal from this plant will be linked to different steel plants, middlings will be linked to thermal power plant and recjects will be utiliesed in proposed Fluidised Bed Combustion plant. This Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plan (EIA & EMP) report has been formulated to carry out eneficiation / washery operation in an eco- friendly manner.
2.1.4 Life of the Project
The economic life of the washery has been considered as 18 years.
Land Description, Requirement and Ownership
Madhuband NLW Coal Washery, proposed in the vicinity of existing Madhuband Coal Washery is located in the western part of Jharia Coalfield outside the coal bearing area and falls in the Dhanbad District of Jharkhand. It is between Latitudes North 230 45’ 46” & 230 46’ 54” and Longitudes East of 860 11’ 10” & 860 13’ 29”.The area is bound by Gomoh-Mohuda line of South Eastern Railway on the east. The Jamunia River is on the west. Main road constructed by Hirak from Dhanbad to Chandrapura is on the north. The district board road connecting Dhanbad and Chandrapura and outcrop of local seam and Dhanbad-Chandrapura line of the East Ceentral Railway are on the south. Please refer to enclosed Plate-I for location.
The land requirement for the project is 23 Ha. The land required is within the approved lease area of Madhuband washery of BCCL. The land identified for Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 8 JOB No. 200310002
the washery situated under existing Madhuband Coal Washery has already been acquired under CBA Act.
Unit Operation
Coal Cleaning Methods The various procedures are broadly classified as the ‘Wet’ ‘and Dry’ processes. The dry process doesn’t involve the use of water, where as in the wet process, the water is the main medium for washing and jigging.
Crushing Purpose of the crushing is to reduce the Run of Mine (ROM) coal to a size suitable for washing and, size reduction involving various principles such as compression, impact, shearing, splitting and attrition 1. Primary crusher(s) are generally designed to receive ROM coal and reduce it to a top size of 2” to 8’’ Secondary crushers are generally designed to reduce the size (to a top size of 1 ¾”) of the middling fraction from jigs or the middling fraction from heavy – medium trough separators, and, in turn these fractions would be rewashed.
Screening Sizing is the separation of a heterogeneous mixture of particle sizes into groups wherein all particles range between a maximum and minimum size.
Screens Used in Coal Preparation: 1. Scalping screen – for separating refuse and fines prior to size reduction 2. Raw coal sizing screen- for separating the raw coal into coarse and fine size for further processing. 3. Pre-wet screen- to remove fines prior to the mechanical cleaning 4. Heavy media recovery screens- for recovery and reuse of magnetite 5. Desliming screens-to remove extreme fines; and 6. Dewatering screens-to remove water
Jigs The methods operate by differences in specific gravity. Jigs rely on stratification in a bed of coal when the carrying water is pulsed. The shale tends to sink, and the cleaner coal rises. The basic jig is suitable for larger feed sizes. Although the Baum jig can clean a wide range of coal sizes, it is most effective at 10-35 mm. A modification of the Baum jig is the Batac jig, which is used for cleaning fine coals. The coal is stratified by bubbling air directly through the coal-water-refuse mixture in this cleaning unit.
For intermediate sizes the same principles are applied, although the pulsing may be from the side or from under the bed. In addition, a bed or hard dense mineral is used to enhance the stratification and prevent remixing. The
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 9 JOB No. 200310002
mineral is usually feldspar, consisting of lumps of silicates of about 60mm size. Figure 2.1 shows a Baum Jig and a feldspar Jig for finer coal.
Jigs offer cost effective technology with a clean coal yield of 75-85% at about 34% ash content. The jigs are used more frequently than dense-medium vessels because of their larger capacities and cheaper costs.
Figure 2.1: Baum Jig and Fledspar Jig
Dense Media Seperator Dense-medium vessels also operate by specific gravity difference; however rather than using water as the separation medium, a suspension of magnetite and water is used. This suspension has a specific gravity between that of coal and the refuse and a better separation can be obtained. The slurry of fine magnetite in water can achieve relative densities up to about 1.8. Different types of vessels are used for dense-medium separators such as baths, cyclones and cylindrical centrifugal separators. For larger particle sizes, various kinds of baths are used, but these require a substantial quantity of dense- medium, and therefore of magnetite. For smaller sizes, cyclones are used where the residence time is short and throughput relatively high. Cylindrical centrifugal separators are used for coarse and intermediate coal.
Dense-medium cyclones clean coal by accelerating the dense-medium, coal and refuse by centrifugal force. The coal exits the cyclones from the top and the refuse from the bottom. Better separation of smaller-sized coals can be achieved by this method.
Key factors in the operation of any dense-medium system based on magnetite are the control equipment and the efficiency of magnetic recovery for recycle. There can be a build-up of other minerals in the medium, making control more difficult. Figure 2.2 shows example of a densemedium bath and a dense- medium cyclone.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 10 JOB No. 200310002
Figure 2.2: Dense Media Seperator
Concentration Tables Concentration tables are titled and ribbed and they move back and forth in a horizontal direction. The lighter coal particles to the bottom of the table, while the heavier refuse particles are collected in the ribs and are carried to the end of the table (Figure 2.3). Fine coal can be cleaned inexpensively with this unit, however, the capacity is quite small and they are only effective on particles with specific gravities greater than 1.5
Figure 2.3: Concentration Table
Froth Flotation Table Froth flotation is the most widely used method for cleaning fines. Froth flotation cells utilize the difference in surface characteristics of coal and refuse to clean ultra fine coal. The coal-water mixture is conditioned with chemical reagents so that air bubbles will adhere only to the coal and float it to the top, while the refuse particles sink. Air is bubble dup through the slurry in the cell and clean coal is collected in the froth that forms the top. Figure 2.4 shows an example of froth flotation. This type of cleaning is very complex and expensive and is principally for metallurgical coals. One of the commonest steps to improve the performance of a flotation unit is to separate the pyrite at an earlier stage using cyclones, spirals or tables.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 11 JOB No. 200310002
Figure 2.4: Froth Flotation
2.1.7 Technology & Process Description
RAW COAL RECEIVING, CRUSHING & SCREENING AND STOCK-PILING SECTION: Raw Coal of (-) 200 mm size will be received over a Fixed Grizzly (200mmX200mm) on the Ground Dump Hoppers (5nos, capacity 100 t each) from the BCCL’s Rear Dumpers of 22 Tonnes capacity. There will be weighbridges for weighing BCCL’s trucks-both loaded and tare weights.
Coal from the hoppers will be withdrawn by the vibrating feeders through Rod Gate, located in the underground tunnel for feeding to the Conveyor (BC1, capacity 1200tph).
This conveyor will carry the coal to a Sizer/Roll Crusher (1 no., capacity 1200tph OR 2nos 600 tph each), located in the crusher house where all coal will be crushed to (-) 75mm.
The underflow product of the Sizer/Roll crusher shall be collected on a conveyor (BC2, capacity 1200 tph ) which will carry the crushed coal to Tube Stacker for ground storage of crushed coal (8000 t).
Crushed Coal will be reclaimed through Ground hoppers and Vibrating feeders in turn feeding to Conveyor (BC3, 1200 tph) which will carry the Coal to the Washery Building. Dozer or Pay loader will be used for pushing coal into ground hopper as and when it will be required.
Washery Section:
Design of the process equipment in the washery shall be based on the raw coal of ash% ranging 42± 4, moisture content 2% and raw coal Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 12 JOB No. 200310002
characteristics.
Coarse Coal Classification & Desliming:
Crushed coal of (-)75 mm size at the rate of 1000 tph will be received through Raw coal belt conveyor (BC3) and discharged into the Raw Coal wetting launder where adequate water will be added for wetting of coal.
2.1.7.3 Deshaling Section:
Coarse coal Deshaling in HM Cyclone:
Coal with water from the Wetting box will be fed into a raw coal sizing screen (3001) where it is graded into (+) 13 mm as oversize and (-) 13 mm as undersize. The oversize from the Raw Coal screen is delivered to the coarse coal blending tank where it is pulped with heavy media supplied by the Correct Media Pump from the coarse correct heavy media Sump, having the required density. From blending tank coal with Magnetite media will be pumped to the Coarse Coal HM Cyclone (3002). The Coarse Coal HM cyclone will have two products: Overflow (deshaled coal) and Underflow (reject). The H M cyclone overflow will be delivered to a Clean Coarse Coal drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3003) for recovering the magnetite. The Underflow of Coarse Coal H M Cyclone (sink) material will be delivered to a Reject drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3004) for recovering the magnetite and dewatered reject will be fed to Reject conveyor (BC4, capacity 500 tph) for discharging into Reject Bin (capacity 550 t). The Heavy media as recovered from both the above Draining & Rinsing Screens will be fed back finally to the Coarse Coal Blending tank. (-)13mm from the raw coal sizing screen (3001) is delivered to the Primary washing H M cyclone section
2.1.7.4 Magnetite Regeneration & Preparation:
The rinse water will wash away the adhering Magnetite media from both the products of coarse coal cyclone and will be collected in the discharge side of the D&R Screens underflow catch pan which will gravitate to a Dilute Medium Sump. This dilute Media will be pumped to a Wet Drum Magnetic Separator (3008) for recovery of the magnetite and recovered magnetite will subsequently be fed to the coarse Correct Medium Sump. Effluent water from the Magnetic Separator will be used for spray water to the Raw Coal Screen (3001) for proper desliming and wet screening. A Magnetite make-up pump will be provided to deliver fresh magnetite to dilute medium sump. 2.1.7.5 Primary Washing in H M Cyclone Section:
Thoroughly rinsed and oversize of the Clean Coarse Coal D& R screen
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 13 JOB No. 200310002
(3003) is fed into a secondary Roll Crushers (2nos.,capacity 275 tph/each) (3005) to crush it down (-)30mm. The product from this crusher will be fed to the coarse coal sizing screen (3006) which has (-) 13mm deck aperture. The oversize from the sizing screen goes to the tertiary crushers (2nos. capacity 185 tph/each) (3007) where it is crushed down to all -13 mm.
The crushed coal coming out from the tertiary crushers (3007) is conveyed by a Conveyor (SCCC4, capacity 500 tph) and is fed into the De-sliming Screen (3009) (Aperture 1mm, capacity 600 tph) along with the coal slurry of undersize (-) 13mm as, received from Raw Classifying screen (3001), collected in fine coal sump and pumped from there through a classifying pump.
Process water will be added to the desliming screen (3009) feed to thoroughly wet the incoming raw coal for proper desliming at 1mm; including spray water for final separation rinsing. The desliming screen grades into 13 X1 mm (oversize) and (-1) mm (undersize). The oversize of the Desliming Screen (3009) (i.e., 13 X 1mm) is fed to the Primary coal blending tank where it is mixed with heavy media of required sp. gravity, pumped from the Correct Media Sump. The Coal with Heavy media is then pumped to the Primary Coal HM Cyclone (3010). The Primary Coal HM cyclone will have two products: Overflow and underflow. The overflow i.e., clean coal will be delivered to a Primary Clean Coal drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3011) for recovering the magnetite and rinsing the cyclone overflow product (Clean coal) . The underflow product (i.e.,) the mixture of Middling & Reject will be delivered to a Primary Reject drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3012) for recovering the magnetite and rinsing the cyclone underflow product (i.e., the mixture of Middlings & Rejects).
The dense product as received from the Primary D&R Screens (3012) feed end catch pan will be fed back to Primary correct Heavy media sump and the oversize product from this screen will go to the secondary washing section which is described in section 3.24. The oversize of the clean coal D&R screen (3011) is delivered to a Clean Coal Centrifuge (3013) (basket type, 2 nos.) for further dewatering prior to delivery to the clean coal Conveyor (BC7, capacity 500 tph).
2.1.7.6 Magnetite Regeneration & Preparation: Whereas the rinse water along with washed away magnetite medium adhered to the coal particles will be collected as dilute media in the discharge section of the catch pan of Primary Coal D&R Screens and the same will be directed to a Dilute Medium sump and from there, it is pumped to wet drum magnetic separators (3014) for recovery of the magnetite . The Over dense media Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 14 JOB No. 200310002
recovered from the Magnetic separator will return to the Primary Correct Heavy Medium sump. A Magnetite make-up pump will be provided to deliver fresh magnetite to dilute medium sump.
2.1.7.7 Secondary Washing in H M Cyclone Section:
Thoroughly rinsed mixture of Middlings & Reject, received as overflow product from the Primary Reject D&R screen (3012) will be fed into the Rewash coal blending tank where it is mixed with heavy media of desired sp. Gravity, pumped and fed from the Correct Media Sump. The coal with magnetite media from the Secondary Blending tank is then pumped to the Rewash Coal HM Cyclone (3015).
Rewash Coal H M Cyclone will produce two products: overflow as middlings and underflow as Rejects.
The Overflow Middling products from Rewash Coal H M Cyclone along with magnetite media will be delivered to a Rewash Middling Coal drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3016) for recovering the magnetite from the screen feed end catch pan.
Underflow Reject product from Rewash Coal H M Cyclone (3015) along with Magnetite media will be delivered to a Rewash Reject drain and rinse (D&R) screen (3017) for recovering the magnetite from its feed end catch pan. The so drain H M Media from the D& R screens will return back to Rewash Correct Heavy media sump for reuse.
The rinse water from the Rewash Coal D&R screens will be collected in a Rewash Dilute Medium sump and pumped to a wet drum magnetic separator (3019) for recovery of the magnetite for return to the Correct Medium sump. The oversize of the Rewash D&R screen (3016) is delivered to a Middling Centrifuge (3018) (basket type, 2 nos.) for further dewatering prior to delivery to the Middling Conveyor (BC5, capacity 300 tph).
Effluent from the Magnetic Separator (3019) will be delivered to the classifying cyclone sump where it will mix with the undersize of the Desliming Screen (3009).
2.1.7.8 Coarse Slime TBS wash Section:
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 15 JOB No. 200310002
The 1mm x 0 raw coal collected in the Classifying Cyclone Slurry Sump will be pumped to Raw Coal Classifying Cyclones (3020) for separating at nominal 0.25mm. The 1mm x 0.25mm Raw Coal Classifying Cyclones underflow will be piped to a Teeter Bed Separator (TBS) (3021) for separation into clean coal overflow and reject underflow. A dedicated UCW Water Pump will be provided to insure a properly controlled volume of up-current water supplied to the TBS.The TBS reject will be delivered to a TBS reject/underflow Sump from where it is pumped into a Sieve Bend (3025) for drainage of excess water. The oversize of the Sieve bend will be going into the TBS underflow centrifuge (3026) which is a basket type vibratory Centrifuge. After the dewatering from this centrifuge product will go to the Middling conveyor (BC5, capacity 300 tph). The undersize slurry of the sieve bend will be added with the Raw Coal Classifying Cyclones (3022 & 3020) overflow slurry which will go to the Floatation and Pressure Filter circuit for further recovery which is described in section 3.2.6.
Clean coal from the TBS will be delivered to the TBS Product sump and then pumped to a TBS Product Classifying Cyclone, PCC, (3022) for thickening of the clean coal. The TBS PCC overflow slurry will be piped to the Floatation and Pressure Filter Circuit for further recovery. The 1mm x 0.25mm TBS PCC underflow will report to a static sieve bend (3023) for removal of additional free water.
The clean coal product from the TBS product sieve bend (3023) will be further dewatered in a basket type vibratory FINE Coal Centrifuge (3024) , where as the Primary Clean Coal D & R screen (3011) undersize is also further dewatered in a basket type clean coal centrifuge (3013) . Both the products are delivered to the Clean Product Belt Conveyor (BC7, capacity 500 tph).
2.1.7.9 Flotation and Pressure Filter Section:
The small fines slurries [ undersize product of the sieve bends (both clean coal (3023) and middling sieve bends (3025) ) & overflow of the cyclone classifiers (3020 & 3022) ] is fed into Floatation Feed Sump from where it is pumped into a flotation conditioner (3028) before feeding to the froth Floatation cell (3029) . Required quantities of Frother & Collector (3027) will be added into the conditioner. From conditioner, Coal fines slurry will go to Flotation Cell (3029). The clean coal from the Flotation Cell will be collected along with the froth as a concentrate. This will laundered to be a Floatation Concentrate Sump .from where it is pumped into a Pressure Filter (3030) for dewatering. The clean coal is fed on a conveyor leading to the clean coal conveyor. The concentrate further recovered from the Clean Coal pressure filter (3030) is fed into an Effluent sump from where it is pumped into the
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High Rate Thickener (3033 & 3034) (1+1, Dia 35m) Further, the tailing from the Flotation Cell will be fed to High Rate Thickener.
Flocculent adding facilities will be provided to prepare flocculent (3032) for adding to the High Rate Thickener feed for proper solids settling to ensure a clean water overflow. The High Rate Thickener overflow will be collected in the Clarified Water Sump and recycled via pump to the washery usage points.
The RT tailings, settled solids, will be pumped to a Tailings Surge Sump and then pumped under high pressure to a quick opening, membrane plate and frame Pressure Filter (3031) for dewatering. Filtrate water will be returned via pump to the High Rate Thickener. The filter cake will be collected on a conveyor for delivery to a cake breaker (3035) before discharging it into the Reject conveyor (BC4, 500tph).
There will be conveyors for collecting the clean coal from Fines Coal centrifuges, Clean Coal centrifuges and the clean coal from Flotation section. This in turn will feed the Clean Coal Outloading Conveyor (BC7, capacity 500 tph) feeding to Transfer Conveyor (BC8, capacity 500 tph) which is discharging on Reversible Shuttle Conveyor (BC9, capacity 500tph) discharging to Clean Coal Silos of 12000t (3000t each).
There will be a Middling conveyor to collect middlings and feeding to Middling out Loading Conveyor (BC5, 300 tph) feeding to Reversible Conveyor (BC 6, capacity 300 tph) discharging to Middling storage Silos of 6000t (3000t each).
A Reject Conveyor (BC4, 500 tph) will collect the rejects from the washery and it will carry the rejects to Reject Bunkers of 550t (275t each) for on ward truck disposal through sector gate.
Additional facilities provided:
Floor clean-up pumps as required will be provided.
Compressors of suitable capacity to supply instrument air as well as for bubbling the Media sumps during starting will be provided.
2.1.8 Products Out loading and Rail Loading Section:
Clean Coal conveyor (BC7) will carry the Clean coal for feeding to a Transfer Conveyor (BC8) which is discharging on Reversible Shuttle conveyor (BC-9) located on the Top of Clean Coal Silo (12000 t).
Reversible Shuttle conveyor (BC-9) will feed the coal into the Clean Coal Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 17 JOB No. 200310002
Silos. Clean coal silos will have 8 nos of discharge openings (2nos each silo) provided with Rod gates and Vibrating feeders. These feeders will reclaim the clean coal from silos to feed it into the the Common Clean Coal/ Middlings Conveyor (BC10, capacity 3600 tph) which will discharge to Rail Loading Bunker.
Middling as received from Middling Conveyor (BC5, capacity 300 tph) will be taken to another Reversible Conveyor (BC6, capacity 300 tph) located on the top of Middling Silos (6000 t) for feeding to Middling Silo. Middling Silo will have 4nos of discharge openings provided with Rod Gates and Vibrating feeders. These feeders will reclaim the Middling from silo to feed it into the Common Clean Coal/ Middlings Conveyor (BC10, capacity 3600 tph) which will discharge to BCCL’s Rail Loading Bunker(TLO). Our terminal point for this BC10 conveyor will be the discharge pulley and this conveyor head frame will be supported on BCCL’s TLO.
2.2 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT:
The proposed washery is designed with the capacity of 5.0 Mty on annual basis and 15000 T on daily basis and 5000 T on hourly basis with 5 working hours per shift on peak load.
2.2.1 Source of Coal
The proposed Madhuband Washery for NLW Coal (5.0 Mty) will be fed raw coal from Muraidih OCP, Block-II OCP, Shatabdi & Akashkinaree OCP of Jharia Coalfields of BCCl. The capacity of each mine along with its percentage of contribution as well as their corresponding reserve and life are given in Table 2.1
Table 2.1 Linkage of Mines and their Contribution Linked Reserve S Contribution Life Of Mines Name of Linked Mines Quantity Capacity No. (%) (in years) (Mty) (Mt) 1 Muraidih OCP 2.70 54 23.0 8.5 2 Block-II OCP 1.20 24 38.0 19.0 3 Shatabdi OCP 0.90 18 12.35 13.7 4 Akashkinaree OCP 0.20 4 16.81 33.6 Total 5.00 100 90.16
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2.2.2 Characterstic of Coal:
Quality of Coal
Name of Linked S No. Coal Quality Mines 1 Muraidih OCP W-IV 2 Block-II OCP W-IV 3 Shatabdi OCP W-IV Akashkinaree 4 W-IV OCP
Mineable reserve of Muraidih OC is 23.0 Mt with life of 8.5 years and that of Block II OC is 38.0 Mt with life of 31.7 years.
The characterstic of raw and washed coal has been tabulated in Table-2.2 as per the Conceptual Report on Washability Investigations and Economics.
Table-2.2
Sl. Particulars Muraidih Block-II Combined No. For Three For Two Products Products 1 Raw coal throughput capacity of the Coal Preparation Plant a) Annual (million - - 5.0 5.0 tones) b) Daily (Tonnes) - - 15000 15000 c) Hourly (Normal) in - - 1000 850 tones 2 Operating conditions of the CPP a) No. of working days - - 330 330 per year b) No. of working shifts - - 3 3 per day c) No. of working hours - - 15 18 per day 3 Project life in year 18 Yrs. 4 Quality of raw coal a) Ash % 37.2 44.6 39.4 39.3 b) Moisture % 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.9 c) Volatile Matter 15.6 15.8 15.7 15.9 d) Fixed Carbon % 46.6 38.4 44.1 44.0
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 19 JOB No. 200310002
Sl. Particulars Muraidih Block-II Combined No. For Three For Two Products Products e) Gross Calorific 4880 4390 4793 4880 Value (K.Cal/Kg) f) LTGK C/D C - - g) Swelling Index 0 0 - - h) Reflectance 1.32 1.24 - - i) HGI 73 75 75 - 5 Quality of clean/ washed coal 1 a) Ash % 8.2 18.3 18.1 34.0 b) Moisture % 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.5 c) Volatile Matter 17.0 21.2 18.3 19.3 d) Fixed Carbon % 63.6 58.6 62.1 - e) Gross Calorific Value 6668 6520 6648 5394 (K. Cal/Kg) f) LTGK E D/E - - g) Swelling Index 1 ½ - - h) Reflectance 1.33 1.24 - -
6 Yield of Products a) Clean coal% 37.4 28.4 32.8 80.3 b) Middling% 33.3 29.3 34.6 - c) Rejects% 29.3 42.2 32.6 19.7 7 Broad initial capital investment - - 125.00 100.00 (Rs. In Crores) 8 Operating cost per tonne of - - 115.00 80.00 raw coal (Rs.) 9 Cost per tonne of clean coal - - 2630.56 1344.96 (Rs.) 10 Selling price of clean/ - - 3594.00 1550.00 washed coal (Rs.) 11 Profit for 5.0 Mty feed (Rs. 158.00 82.33 in Crores)
The characteristics of coal, washed coal and washery rejects has been summarized in Table 2.3 below:
Table 2.3 Characteristics of Raw Coal, Washed Coal and Washery Rejects
S. No. Parameter Raw Coal Washed Middlings Rejects Coal 1 Quantity (MPTA) 5 2 1 2 2 Grade W-IV 3 Percentage of ash 42.8 19.7 40.7 66.9 4 Percentage of fixed 44.1 62.1 39.6 28.3 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 20 JOB No. 200310002
carbon 5 Calorific Value 4793 6648 4350 3151 (Kcal/kg)
Trace elements/ Heavy metals concentration in Coals from Collieries/ Projects from where coal will be fed to the Proposed Madhuband Washery (in ppm)
Sample collected As Hg Cd Ni Co Cr Cu Zn Mn V Pb from Muraidih Colliery 11.3 0.65 0.50 100.0 29.8 135.6 26.0 35.0 85.0 67.8 45.0 Nudkhurkee 19.0 0.59 0.70 48.0 35.2 119.0 35.0 36.0 75.0 75.0 31.0 Colliery Benedi Colliery 20.4 0.48 0.40 92.0 36.7 142.0 32.0 42.0 70.0 80.0 25.0 Sijua/Akashkinari 6.00 0.58 4.50 23.0 16.0 43.0 22.5 40.0 150.0 45.0 40.0 Colliery
Sulphur Concentration : 0.2-0.7%
Analysis Agency: Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad
Water requirement and water Balance. The proposed Washery will operate on the State of the art technology with 5 stage beneficiation process. The washery will operate under closed water circuit recirculation system with Zero discharge. The makeup water requirement for the washing process will be 904 KLD and shall be obtained from the nearby existing Jamunia Reservoir, which is managed by BCCL. However, the total water requirement for the washery Plant will be 1350 KLD. The additional water is for water sprinkling to arrest dust on the roads and for watering of planatation/ green belt and other miscellaneous use. The detailed water Balance for coal beneficiation is given in the diagram below. In addition, to this, there is a proposed scheme for Multipurpose utilization of surplus mine water by BCCL to pump out and collect water from neighbouring underground mines into a reservoir near Govindpur in the non-coal bearing area. By the time the washery construction is completed, the water available from this reservoir can also be utilized for makeup water required for the proposed washery.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 21 JOB No. 200310002
CONCEPTUAL WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY, BCCL
FRESH WATER / MAKE UP WATER REQUIREMENT IN M3/h
Jamunia Reservior
90
Clarified Water Tank 1471.21 6.7 Washing 1531.46 46.56 Thickner Miscellaneous 1
20 2
Dust Suppression/ Horticulture/Sanitation/ 1517.77 Sprinkling Green Belt Maintenance 20 Raw Coal Water
Plant
42.05 20.58 17.63
Water going out Water goint out Water going out with Clean coal with Middlings with Rejects
2.3 DISPOSAL OF WASHERY REJECTS:
The washery rejects produced annually will be used in the proposed CFBC plant envisaged by BCCL. 2x75 MW capacity Thermal Power Plant based on CFBC (Ciculating Fluidised Bed Combustion) technology has been planned to set-up at Dugda 8 km away with specific investment of around Rs. 5.56 crores per MW. The brief proposal of the upcoming of the FBC TPP for utilization of washery rejects is given below:
The washery rejects and inferior grade coal having low calorific value are not suitable for use in existing thermal power stations based on PF boilers, but from the ENERGY CONSERVATION point of view, it is desirable that energy content of these washery rejects / inferior grade coal is gainfully utilised. It may be used for power generation based on fluidised bed combustion (FBC) technology. In view of national electricity policy and MOEF directives for gainful utilization of washery rejects having useful heat value, CIL intends to set up FBC based thermal power plants of suitable capacity using washery rejects as fuel with linkage from the 20 numbers of proposed washeries. Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 22 JOB No. 200310002
Setting up of FBC based power plants will not only utilize rejects from washeries but also make power available at the door-step of coal fields with reduction in harmful emissions from the combustion process. The whole process is an environmentall friendly venture.
SITE SELECTION
A team of CMPDI engineers visited BCCLIin the 1st week of January,2011 for discussions, site visit and collection of input data required for preparation of Conceptual Report on setting up of FBC based power plant using Madhuband washery rejects as fuel. Discussions with BCCL authorities revealed that the land required for setting up of the FBC based TPP using Madhuband Washery rejects (as indicated by CMPDI) was not available at or near Madhuband. Hence, BCCL confirmed availability of sufficient land owned by BCCL near Dugda Washery for setting up of a power plant with reject linkage from both the proposed 5MTY NLW Madhuband Washery and the proposed 2.5 MTY Dugda Washery. BCCL has indicated an area of around 75 hectares, adjacent to the proposed Dugda Washery site and at a distance of around 8 km from the proposed Madhuband Washery. The Conceptual Report is already under preparation. Hence, the basic requirements for setting up of the above power plant at the proposed site with reject linkage from both the above mentioned washeries have been briefly enunciated in this section.
REJECT AVAILABILITY AND POWER GENERATING POTENTIAL
The proposed 5MTY Madhuband Washery and 2.5 MTY Dugda Washery of BCCL are envisaged to produce around 2 MTY and 0.5 MTY of washery rejects, with an indicative power generating potential of around 165 MW. This power potential is based on calculations, considering plant heat rate of 2500kCal/kWh and a plant load factor (PLF) of 80%. The power potential calculations are based on data regarding yield, moisture content and ash content of rejects, as obtained from the Washery Division (based on HEC's guaranteed data) of CMPDI (HQ), Ranchi. This is more than sufficient to sustain a power plant of 150 MW power
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 23 JOB No. 200310002
generating capacity. Hence, for suitability of unit size and in view of space or land availability, unit size of 75 MW CFBC (Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion) boiler willbe selected for the proposed power plant of 2x75MW capacity. The basic requirements have been worked out accordingly.
REQUIREMENT OF BASIC INPUT AND AVAILABILITY The basic requirements for reject based power plant are: - Availability of sufficient land for power plant, colony & ash dump - Availability of adequate quantity of water throughout the year over the entire life of plant - Availability of adequate quantity of washery rejects - Adequate arrangement for evacuation of generated power and nearness to load center. - Good accessibility by road or rail - Ecology and Pollution aspects
REQUIREMENT OF LAND AND AVAILABILITY
The land requirement for a plant layout of 2x75 MW power plant at Siarmal is estimated as under: Land requirement (hectares) Facility 2x75 MW Plant site 60 Colony, roads and other purpose 10 Sub-total of above 70 Ash Dump Area 20 Total Land requirement 90
Site for Madhuband FBC based thermal power plant
In the location plan of the area, BCCL has indicated an area of around 75 hectares for the proposed/probable location of the power plant site. It is adjacent to the proposed Dugda Washery site and at a distance of around 8 km from the proposed Madhuband Washery. There is more land available in the area for future expansion, if required. It is also adjacent to the existing Dugda washery site and well located with close proximity to nearby Damodar river, road, railway line, both Madhuband and Dugda washery sites and connected by road. The Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 24 JOB No. 200310002
allocated land for the proposed site is enough for the plant site of 2x75 MW capacity including green belt, water reservoir and reject handling facilities apart from the power plant installations required for generation and the switchyard for power evacuation. If there are sparable quarters in the nearby colonies of adjoining coal mining projects of BCCL, then the housing facilities may suffice instead of constructing new power plant colony. Dry ash disposal and disposal of fly ash to cement plants, brick manufacturers in the vicinity, backfilling of ash into mine voids of abandoned/ de-coaled mines is being explored. This shall be done after conducting leaching studies through a scientific institute.
REQUIREMENT AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER
The Damodar river has been indicated as the source of the requisite quantity of water required for the power plant. The proposed site is well located with close proximity of around 2 km from the Damodar river. The river source is perennial and can easily meet the water requirement of approximately 15 cusecs, 1500 cum/hr for wet ash disposal and 1000 cum/hr for dry ash disposal. This includes make-up water for the circulating water system required for turbine condenser cooling system, auxiliary cooling system, D.M. treatment plant, plant services, ash handling and evaporation and drift losses in cooling towers. The required water for the power plant can be easily pumped and carried through pipeline to the main reservoir at the plant site. Option shall also be explored for utilizing water discharge from the neighbouring underground mines.
REQUIREMENT & AVAILABILITY OF WASHERY REJECTS
Considering plant heat rate of 2500 kcal/kWh for 75 MW set (unit size), GCV of rejects at 1500 kcal/kg and specific generation of 7008 kWh/kW/Year (PLF- 80%), annual requirement of rejects for installed capacity of 2x75 MW works out to 1.84 MTY. An allowance of 5% has been considered for steam venting. As mentioned earlier, availability of rejects from the proposed Madhuband and Dugda washeries at BCCL is around 2.38 MTY which is more than sufficient to sustain a power plant of 150 (2x75) MW power generating capacity. In case of future availability of increased quantity of washery rejects, there is scope for further expansion. The washery rejects of Madhuband Washery may be
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transported by road for a distance of around 8 km and the washery rejects of Dugda Washery may be transported by conveyors or covered trucks/ conyainer carriers directly from the washery premises .
POWER EVACUATION ARRANGEMENT
i) Availability of power from CPP
The availability of net power and energy at 80 % PLF at the station bus of 2x75 MW thermal power station after consumption of unit auxiliaries (approximately 10% of generated power) will be as under :
Sl. Capacity of Availability of net power at Availability of Energy at no. power plant Power Factor of PLF of 0.8 0.9 80% 1. 2x75 MW 168.75 MVA 150 MVA 946 MkWh
ii) Power Evacuation from CPP
The power demand of the area can be easily met by the generated power and the excess power produced can be pumped into the grid. Generated power at 11 kV can be stepped up to 33kV/132kV as per requirement, either for BCCL power consumption or for onward transmission to the grid, respectively, through the Chandrapura sub-station of DVC, the nearest grid sub-station, at a distance of around 2 km from the proposed site.
Power generated at 11 kV from the 2x75 MW turbine-generator units will be stepped-up to 33 kV in the first stage and fed into the 33kV station bus. The power required for own BCCL consumption, works out to around 50MVA for the existing load of Madhuband and Dugda (mines and washeries) and another 50 MVA for the additional power demand of the proposed 132/33 kV substation, located between Block IV and Block V areas of BCCL. This power can be drawn at 33kV from the 33kV station bus through the main receiving 33 kV substations in the area to cater to the load of adjoining coalfields by further stepping down to the required voltage level to feed power to the downstream loads in the nearby Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 26 JOB No. 200310002
coalfields as well. After providing for around 100MVA of power demand for own consumption of BCCL, the remaining 50 MVA of surplus power can be fed into the grid for power trading at agreed rates.
Running of CPP in synchronization with grid is technically feasible. It will require strengthening of protection and metering system at both the ends. This will be further facilitated by The Electricity Act 2003, that provides for National Electricity Policy, Rural Electrification, open access in transmission, phased open access in distribution, mandatory SERCs, license free generation and distribution, power trading, mandatory metering and stringent penalties for theft of electricity. The aim is to push the power sector onto a trajectory of sound commercial growth and to enable the States and the Centre to move in harmony and coordination. Under this open access regime legislated by Electricity Act 2003, the PLF of the above mentioned FBC power plants can go upto 95% by running the power plant parallel to the power grid and providing access for wheeling of excess power generated into the grid for use by other consumers.
ASH DISPOSAL
60% to 65% of ash will be generated from the FBF TPP. Dry ash disposal and disposal of fly ash to cement plants, brick manufacturers in the vicinity, backfilling of ash into mine voids of abandoned/ de-coaled mines is being explored. Regarding disposal to potential buyers like cement plants, brick manufacturers, MOUs shall be entered prior to the commencement of the FBC TPP As per the available literature Jharia Coalfield coal does not contain heavy metal or other unacceptable leachates, therefore dumping of the ash from the CFBC TPP in abandoned voids will not pose adverse impact on the hydrogeological regime. However this will be done after conducting necessary leaching studies through a scientific institute. An area of around 20 hectares has been kept for ash dumping in dry/semi-dry form for quenching/handling before disposal. Mine voids for dumping of the ash are available at Damoda Area, around 8 kms. away from the proposed site. Possibility of ash disposal by quarry backfilling will be explored.
CAPITAL INVESTMENT
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Total capital investment for 2x75 MW CFBC based power plant is estimated approximately. At the time of preparation of Conceptual/Feasibility Report, the exact cost estimation may be done. The specific investment for capital cost works out to around Rs. 5.56 crores per MW.
CONCLUSION
As advised by the EAC/MoEF in the approved TOR the rejects generated from the proposed washery will be fed to a CFBC TPP. The Project Report for the integrated CFBC TPP is under preparation by CMPDI and will be completed within a couple of months. It also has the approval of the competent authority of BCCL. The CFB TPP shall also be ready for operation by the time the proposed Madhuband washery comes into operation.
2.4 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT :
Tentative manpower requirement for the proposed project is given in Table no 2.4
Table No 2.4
Tentative manpower requirement for the proposed project
Sl No. Designation Requirement
1 Director (Projects) 1 2 Chief General Manager 1 3 General Manager (Fin) 1 4 General Manager (Opns) 1 5 Dy. GM (Maintenance) 1 6 Manager (Purchase & Stores) 1 7 Manager (HRD & Admn) 1 8 Personnel Officer' 1 9 Manager (Systems & lT) 1 10 Manager (Mechanical) 1 11 Dy. Manager (Mechanical) 1 12 Manager (Electrical) 1 13 Dy. Manager (Electrical) 1 14 Dy. Manager (Civil) 1 15 Shift Engineer 7 16 Shift Supervisor 7 17 Foreman in Charge 7 18 Foreman 7 19 Lab Chemist 6 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 28 JOB No. 200310002
Sl No. Designation Requirement
20 Lab Boy 6 21 Sample Boy 6 22 Weighbridge Operator 7 23 Steno-cum-Typist 2 24 Peon 4 25 Sweeper 3 26 Plant Operator cum Fitter 7 27 Skilled worker 18 28 Semi Skilled worker 18 29 Security Guard 18 30 Driver 3 31 Fitter (Mech) 7 32 Fitter (Elect) 7 33 Welder 7 34 Heavy Tyndal 5 Total 166
2.5 USE OF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE:
PWD Road and Hirak Ring road will be used for transportation of raw coal from the mines to the washery. Despatch of washed coal will be by rail.
2.6 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE:
Detailed implementation plan indicating Major Mile stone activities for setting up of Madhuband (5 mta) Washery is given in Table no. 2.5
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Table No. 2.5
Detailed implementation plan indicating Major Mile stone activities for setting up of Madhuband (5 mta) Washery, BCCL
Months Sl. 1 Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 No. 2
1 Signing of Contract Contract signing considered as zero date Basic Design & 2 Engineering Procurement of 3 Equipment Detail Design & 4 Engineering Erection & 5 Commissioning + Civil Work Performance 6 Guarantee Test Commencement of 7 Commercial Operation
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 30 JOB No. 200310002
CHAPTER - 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Introduction
The present environmental scenario has been described in this chapter in respect of ambient air quality, water quality, noise level measurement, soil quality, socio- economic scenario, flora & fauna, hydrogeology and land use/cover pattern.
Study Area – For the proposed project, the project area has been taken as the core zone and the area within a radius of 10 km of the core zone has been taken as the buffer zone
Period of Study – One season data in respect of Air quality, water quality, soil quality and noise monitoring has been done from April ’10 to June ‘10 and socio- economic & flora – fauna study has been done in June’10
Methodology of sampling
1. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring:
With a view to collecting the samples for SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOX, Envirotech make Respirable Dust Samplers (RDS) along with gaseous attachment APM 411 were used. The instruments were well capable of drawing air at a flow rate of 1 to 1.3 m3/min with very little pressure drop. Glass micro-filter papers (GFA Sheets, Whatman) were used for the collection of SPM. SO2 was collected by drawing air at a flow-rate of 0.5 liters per minute (lpm) through an absorbing solution i.e., Sodium Tetrachloromercurate (West and Gaeke Method) and NOx were collected by drawing air at a similar flow rate through the mixture of absorbing solutions i.e. Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Arsenite (Jacobs and Hochheiser method). The measurement for both SO2 and NOx was done colorimetrically. All the analyses were carried out as per IS-5182.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 31 JOB No. 200310002
Table No. 3.1 Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Sl. Parameter Technique Technical Minimum No. Protocol Detectable Limit µg/m3 1 Suspended High Volume IS:5182 1.0 Particulate Matter Sampler (Part-IV) (Gravimetric Method) 2 Respirable Respirable Dust IS:5182 1.0 Particulate Matter Sampler (Part-IV) (Gravimetric Method) 3 Sulphur Dioxide Modified West & IS:5182 10.0 Gaeke (Part-II) 4 Oxides of Nitrogen Jacob & IS:5182 10.0 Hochheiser (Part-VI)
2. Noise Level Monitoring:
Sound Pressure levels (SPL) have been measured by a sound level meter (Model: Lutron SL – 400). Since loudness of sound is important for its effects on people, the dependence of loudness upon frequency must be taken into account in environmental noise assessment. This has been achieved by the use of A – weighting filters in the noise measuring instrument which gives a direct reading of approximate loudness.
3. Soil Sampling:
The soil samples were collected by ramming a core – cutter into the soil upto a depth of 90 cm. The samples were then homogenized and packed in a Polythene plastic bags and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis.
4. Water sampling:
The samples were analyzed for relevant physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters for drawing up the baseline data.
All the basic precautions and care were taken during the sampling to avoid contamination. Analysis of the samples was carried out as per established standard method and procedures prescribed by the relevant IS codes and standard methods (AAPHA).
5. Meteorological Observations:
During air quality monitoring period, meteorological station was established on the roof top of the Nehru Nagar. The selected station was free from obstructions for free flow of air from all the direction.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 32 JOB No. 200310002
Details of the wind speed, frequency distribution and wind direction is given in Table No.3.20 and accordingly wind rose diagram has been developed for the month of summer season (April, May and June 2010) which is presented in the Figure 1.1. During Month of April, May and June, the predominant wind directions in study area were from West-South-west, West and South-West for 9.7, 8.75 & 7.85 percent of time respectively. The predominant wind speed was 5-8 km/h and 3-5 km/h for 29.94 and 21.19 percent of the total time respectively.
6 Socio-Economic Study The descriptions and projections of social and economic conditions were carried out for Madhuband area the core zone (Madhuban Washery) and buffer zone. The study was concentrated in the buffer zone area, as there is no village in the core zone.
Socio-Economic Scernario
Socio-economic profile of the study area is based on the data available from 2001 Census Report. The Socio-economic profile of the buffer zone of the project is based on Demmographic Survey done by CME, ISM, Dhanbad, during the month of June, ‘2010. In addition a systematic Socio- economic survey was carried out to develop Socio-economic scenario related to demography, health and food, access to education facility, occupational and income pattern, educational status, etc. this has been done on the basis of secondary data as well as a sample survey of the population of the area. The census data was obtained from the Census Office, New Delhi.
The data revealed that the total population of the Madhuban area according to 2001 census is 106282 (Table.3.31). Out of total populaton 106282 the male populatin is 56499 and female population is 49783. the total numbers of households are 20987.
The Socio-economic status of any area is influenced by various factors and therefore it was necessary to identify the main factors influencing the Socio-economic profile of the population in the region. In order to initiate the process, the team members started interacting with some local people at Madhuband with the help of the revenue officials as per the arrangement with the Tehasildar.
The details of village wise demographic / social profile of the buffer zone are summarized below in Table No. 3.31.
The sampled villages and size of the samples are given hereunder: Socio- economic in Table No. 3.2
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 33 JOB No. 200310002
Table No. 3.2
Distance Distance Sl. Name of Location in Sampled from Coal from the No. Villages the Map Household washery Block HQ TOPCHANCHI DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Baghmara Baghmara 6 4 BAGHMARA–CUM-KATRASH DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 2 Bahatdih Katras 8 6 3 Bhurangia Katras 7 3 4 Barora Katras 6 5 5 Darida Katras 5 4 6 Deoghara Katras 4 3 7 Dauhtarh Katras 8 7 8 Dugodho Katras 8 6 9 Gopalpur Katras 7 3 10 Govindpur Katras 6 5 11 Haripurtola Katras 5 4 12 Jamuniatarh Katras 4 3 13 Jogidih Katras 8 7 14 Katras Katras 8 6 15 Karmagora Katras 7 3 16 Kesalpur Katras 6 5 17 Keessargarh Katras 5 4 18 Khanudiy Katras 4 3 19 Kooridih Katras 8 7 20 Lohipitti Katras 8 6 21 Lutipahari Katras 7 3 22 Madhuband Katras 6 5 23 Maheshpur Katras 5 4 24 Mahuda Katras 4 3 25 Mandara Katras 8 7 26 Mididih Katras 8 6 27 Murlidih Katras 7 3 28 Nagda Katras 6 5 29 Narayanpur Katras 5 4 30 Nichitpur Katras 4 3 31 Nutandih Katras 8 7 32 Parjuria Katras 8 6 33 Pathargaria Katras 7 3 34 Phulwari tard Katras 6 5 35 Piperatanr Katras 5 4 36 Rajganj Katras 4 3 37 Ranidih Katras 8 7 38 Sadariyadi Katras 8 6 39 Simatarn Katras 7 3 40 Taranga Katras 6 5 41 Tetumchu Katras 5 4 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 34 JOB No. 200310002
Distance Distance Sl. Name of Location in Sampled from Coal from the No. Villages the Map Household washery Block HQ 42 Tentuliya Katras 4 3 43 Tunda Katras 8 7 44 Amdih Katras 8 6 45 Bakspura Katras 7 3 46 Bansjora Katras 6 5 47 Barmasia Katras 5 4 48 Bheara kesargrwa Katras 4 3 49 Beliyatnr Katras 8 7 50 Bisunpur Katras 8 6 51 Chata Katras 7 3 52 Chhatba Katras 6 5 53 Dignagar Katras 5 4 54 Kesalpur Katras 4 3 55 Kesargarha Katras 8 7 56 Koradih Katras 8 6 57 Ledwadih Katras 7 3 58 Madanpur Katras 6 5 59 Manpur Katras 5 4 60 Matari Katras 4 3 61 Pochari Katras 8 7 62 Radhanagar Katras 8 6 63 Raghunathpur Katras 7 3 64 Sidpoki Katras 6 5 65 Sijua Katras 5 4 66 Sonariyatan Katras 4 3 67 Suyadih Katras 8 7 68 Telotanr Katras 8 6 TOTAL 20987
Primary data collected with the help of structured questionnaire and focus group discussion. The secondary data has been collected from census report 2001.
Data analysis has been done by applying simple process of ratio and percentage method as in the census reports and used to analyze the data and compare with census data whenever found necessary.
7 Flora & Fauna of The Study Area (1) The study area for the Flora & Fauna cover the core zone i.e Proposed Madhubnd NLW Coal Washery and buffer zone i.e 10 KM around core zone
(2) Baseline status of Flora & Fauna was evaluated through field sampling, reconnaissance surveys and from secondary sources.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 35 JOB No. 200310002
Important Flora & Fauna species of the eco systems of the study area have been enumerated.
3.2 Ambient Air Quality
Regular monitoring is being done by BCCL in Jharia Coalfield to assess the ambient air quality w.r.t. the parameters SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOx. Base line data in respect of air has been generated by ISM Dhanbad in the year 2010.
Table 3.3
Inventory of existing pollution sources
Source Direction Distance (km) Major (w.r.t. centre of Min. Max. Polluta the nts core zone)* Pollutants mostly from
Open cast projects and RPM,
underground mines of SPM, 1350 to 3150 1 15 Barora Area, Block-II Area, SO2,
Katras Area, Govindpur NOX Area of BCCL
3.2.1 Ambient air quality study
Location of air sampling spots
The existing mines and other sources of pollution are located in north, north-east, north west, south-east, south-west and East directions. The following air sampling spots (for core and buffer zone) have, therefore, been selected to represent the ambient air quality in the area and have been shown in Plate No.6.
Description of the air sampling stations
Table 3.4
Station Sl. Station Description of the Air Monitoring Stations Code It is within the active washery zone. This represents the core Behind GM 1 AQ-1 zone. Several activities (relatd to coal) are responsible for Office pollution. This represents residential area and is located in the buffer zone in the down wind direction of this project in the east north- 2 CISF Camp AQ-2 east direction of the core zone and is at a distance of about 6.75 km from the core zone.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 36 JOB No. 200310002
Station Sl. Station Description of the Air Monitoring Stations Code This represents village area and is located in the buffer zone in Ghutway the upwind direction of this washery in the south west direction 3 AQ-3 Village of the core zone and is at a distance of about 2 km from the core zone. This represents village area and is located in the downwind Khanoodih 4 AQ-4 direction of buffer zone in the north direction of this washery Village and is at a distance of about 1.5 km from the core zone.
In Buffer Zone, 3 km away from the coal washery and in the 5 Nehru Nagar AQ-5 north east direction of washery.
ISM, Controlling Station away from Madhuband Washery and it is in 6 AQ-6 Dhanbad sensitive area.
Parameters for monitoring
The following parameters were monitored for assessing the ambient air quality:
. Respirable particulate matter (RPM) . Suspended particulate matter (SPM)
. Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)
Frequency & period of Ambient Air Quality Sampling
At each of the sampling locations, 24 hourly samples were collected for 2 days in a week and 24 days in the season. Standard sampling and analytical procedures recommended by Central Pollution Control Board and Bureau of Indian Standards were followed during the study. A total of 108 samples of SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOx were collected from five sampling stations and analyzed between 01.04.10 to 30.06.10. Plan showing Environmental Sampling stations is enclosed at Plate-6.
Table 3.5 Air Quality Standards for Coal Mines
Category Pollutant Time Concentration in Method of weighted Ambient Air Measurement average 1 2 3 4 5 GSR 742(E) Suspended Annual 500 ug/m3 High Volume dt. 25.09.2000 Particulates Average Sampling Bokaro Matter (Average flow (SPM) 24 hours 700 ug/m3 rate not less than 1.1 m3/minute
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 37 JOB No. 200310002
Category Pollutant Time Concentration in Method of weighted Ambient Air Measurement average Respirable Annual 250 ug/m3 Respirable Particulate Average Particulate Matter (size Matter sampling less than 10 24 hours 300 ug/m3 and um) (RPM) analysis
Sulphur Annual 80 ug/m3 1.Improved West Dioxide Average and Gaeke (SO2) method 24 hours 120 ug/m3 2.Ultraviolet fluorescene Oxide of Annual 80 ug/m3 1Jacob& Nitrogen as Average Hochheiser NO2 Modified (Na- 24 hours 120 ug/m3 Arsenic Method) 2. Gas phase Chemilumine- scence
Table 3.6
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD) NOTIFICATION DELHI, THE 11TH APRIL'1994
Concentration in Ambient Air (µg/m3) Time Pollutant Weighted Residentia Method of Measure Average Industrial l & Sensitive Area Rural Area Area 1 2 3 4 5 6 Annual 1. Improved West & 80 60 15 Sulphur Dioxide Average Gaeke (SO2) 2. Ultra fluorescence. 24 hrs. 120 80 30 Annual 1. Jacob & Hochheiser 80 60 15 Modified (Na-Arsenic Oxides of Average Method) Nitrogen NO2 24 hrs. 120 80 30 2.Gas Phase Chemiluminescene. Suspended Annual High Volume Sampling 360 140 70 Particulate Matter Average (Average flow rate not (SPM) 24 hrs. 500 200 100 less than 1.1 m3/minute) Respirable Annual 120 60 50 Particulate Matter Average Respirable Particulate (Size less than Matter Sampler 10 µm) (RPM) 24 hrs. 150 100 75 Annual AAS Method (after 1.0 0.75 0.50 sampling using EPM Lead (Pb) Average 2000 or equivalent Filter 24 hrs. 1.5 1.00 0.75 Paper.) Carbon Monoxide 8 hrs. 5000 2000 1000 Non Dispersive (CO) 24 hrs. 10000 4000 2000 Infrared spectroscopy.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 38 JOB No. 200310002
Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 10% measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval 24 hourly/8hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.
1. National Ambient Air Quality Standard : themselves of air quality necessary with adequate margin of safety to protect the public health, vegetation and property.
2. Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceed the limit specified above for the respective category it would be considered adequate reason to institute regular/continuous monitoring and further investigations.
The State Pollution Board shall notify the sensitive and other areas in the respective states within a period of six months from the date of Notification of National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
Month-wise SPM, RPM, NOX & SO2 concentration in the study area during the pre-monsoon season of the year, 2010 has been placed vide Table no. from 3.7 to 3.24.
Table 3.7 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: BEHIND GM OFFICE, CODE: (AQ-1) CORE ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 08.04.10 24 428 216 34 34 CLEAR WSW 2 09.04.10 24 411 217 33 36 CLEAR WNW 3 13.04.10 23.5 485 221 36 37 OVERCAST WNW
4 16.04.10 23.5 476 229 35 38 CLEAR NNW 5 19.04.10 22.5 438 222 34 38 CLEAR WNW 6 22.04.10 23.5 441 228 31 33 CLEAR NW
7 26.04.10 24 461 234 34 34 CLEAR WNW
8 30.04.10 23.5 456 235 31 35 CLEAR WNW AVERAGE Coal mine Standards: 700 300 120 120 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 39 JOB No. 200310002
Table 3.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: BEHIND GM OFFICE, CODE: (AQ-1) CORE ZONE POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND SL. DATE SPM RPM SO2 NO2 HOURS CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 03.05.10 24 349 214 32 34 CLEAR WSW 06.05.10 2 24 360 217 33 35 CLEAR WNW
3 10.05.10 23.5 362 213 31 34 OVERCAST WNW 4 13.05.10 23.5 369 157 37 32 CLEAR NNW 5 18.05.10 22.5 378 154 34 31 CLEAR WNW 6 22.05.10 23.5 360 158 35 30 CLEAR NW
7 26.05.10 24 362 161 32 33 CLEAR WNW
8 29.05.10 23.5 368 168 29 31 CLEAR WNW AVERAGE CLEAR WNW Coal mine Standards: 700 300 120 120 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) NAAQS: Industrial Standards: 500 150 120 120 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB)
Table 3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS
LOCATION: BEHIND GM OFFICE, CODE: (AQ-1) CORE ZONE POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION SL. DATE WEATHER WIND SPM RPM SO2 NO2 HOURS CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 01.06.10 24 316 125 31 34 CLEAR WSW
2 04.06.10 24 322 127 30 30 CLEAR WNW
3 07.06.10 23.5 337 115 29 37 OVERCAST WNW 4 10.06.10 23.5 321 117 31 30 CLEAR NNW 5 14.06.10 22.5 338 114 30 29 CLEAR WNW 6 17.06.10 23.5 332 119 33 30 CLEAR NW 7 21.06.10 24 346 125 28 26 CLEAR WNW
8 24.06.10 23.5 340 118 31 27 CLEAR WNW AVERAGE CLEAR NW Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit 700 300 120 120 CLEAR WNW (Source: CPCB) AVERAGE 125 47 11 48 NAAQS: Residential Standards: 200 100 80 80 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 40 JOB No. 200310002
Table 3.10 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: CISF CAMP, CODE: (AQ-2) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 08.04.10 23.5 528 276 34 58 CLEAR SSE 2 09.04.10 24 511 277 33 56 PARTLY CLOUDY SSW 3 13.04.10 24 585 320 40 65 CLEAR SSW 4 16.04.10 24 576 319 35 58 CLEAR WSW 5 19.04.10 23.5 538 392 36 58 CLEAR SSE 6 22.04.10 22.5 541 288 32 66 OVERCAST SSW 7 26.04.10 22 561 308 36 66 CLEAR SSW 8 30.04.10 23.5 556 290 30 54 OVERCAST S AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80
Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.11 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: CISF CAMP, CODE: (AQ-2) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 03.05.10 22.5 559 294 32 55 CLEAR SSW 2 06.05.10 23.5 560 318 39 65 CLEAR SSE 3 10.05.10 23 562 308 31 61 CLEAR SSE 4 13.05.10 24 569 320 37 61 CLEAR WSW 5 18.05.10 24 578 317 40 61 CLEAR SSE 6 22.05.10 24 560 311 35 59 CLEAR SSW 7 26.05.10 23.5 562 324 32 59 PARTLY CLOUDY SSW 8 29.05.10 22.5 568 288 29 56 CLEAR SSE AVERAGE National Ambient Air Quality Standard NAAQS) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.12 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: CISF CAMP, CODE: (AQ-2) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 01.06.10 23.5 416 125 31 56 CLEAR SSW 2 04.06.10 22 422 127 31 55 PARTLY CLOUDY SSE 3 07.06.10 24 437 115 31 56 CLEAR SSE 4 10.06.10 24 421 117 31 55 CLEAR WSW 5 14.06.10 23.5 438 114 30 56 CLEAR SSW 6 17.06.10 22.5 432 119 32 55 OVERCAST SSW 7 21.06.10 23.5 446 125 30 56 CLEAR SSW 8 24.06.10 23 440 118 32 58 CLEAR SSE AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.13 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 41 JOB No. 200310002
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: GHUTWAY VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-3) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 08.04.10 22 496 201 26 35 CLEAR SSE 09.04.10 2 23 480 194 23 32 CLEAR SSW 13.04.10 3 23 511 232 28 38 CLEAR SSW 16.04.10 4 23 492 195 26 40 OVERCAST WSW 19.04.10 5 24 518 240 28 43 CLEAR SSE 22.04.10 6 24 525 248 32 44 CLEAR SSW 26.04.10 7 23.5 499 198 25 37 CLEAR SSE 30.04.10 8 23.5 510 228 28 42 CLEAR SSW AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.14
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: GHUTWAY VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-3) CORE ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 03.05.10 23 516 219 25 41 CLEAR SSE 06.05.10 2 24 548 273 37 47 CLEAR SSW 10.05.10 3 24 502 225 28 40 CLEAR SSE 13.05.10 4 23.5 538 272 35 46 OVERCAST SSW 18.05.10 5 22.5 532 265 32 41 CLEAR SSW 22.05.10 6 21.5 521 243 31 43 CLEAR SSE 26.05.10 PARTLY 7 24 528 269 32 46 CLOUDY SSW 29.05.10 8 23.5 530 265 32 44 CLEAR SSW
AVERAGE Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.15 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 42 JOB No. 200310002
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: GHUTWAY VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-3) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
1 01.06.10 23.5 313 125 32 44 CLEAR SSW 04.06.10 PARTLY 2 22.5 315 124 31 42 CLOUDY WSW 07.06.10 3 23.5 303 115 31 44 CLEAR SSW 10.06.10 4 24 305 124 31 42 CLEAR WSW 14.06.10 5 24 310 118 30 44 OVERCAST SSW 17.06.10 6 23.5 341 132 32 44 CLEAR SSW 21.06.10 7 24 352 146 28 38 CLEAR SSW 24.06.10 8 24 338 135 36 40 CLEAR SSW
AVERAGE NAAQS: Industrial Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 500 150 120 120
Table 3.16 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: KHANOODIH VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-4) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
1 08.04.10 23 358 168 26 34 CLEAR SSW 09.04.10 PARTLY 2 23.5 355 172 25 36 CLOUDY WSW 13.04.10 3 24 434 196 29 39 CLEAR SSW 16.04.10 4 22.5 433 188 25 36 OVERCAST SSW 19.04.10 PARTLY 5 23 396 109 25 30 CLOUDY WSW 22.04.10 6 23.5 402 175 28 36 CLEAR SSW 26.04.10 7 24 341 156 28 36 CLEAR SSW 30.04.10 8 24 336 147 24 28 CLEAR ESE AVERAGE NAAQS: Industrial Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 500 150 120 120 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.17 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 43 JOB No. 200310002
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION KHANOODIH VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-4) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
1 03.05.10 24 356 169 25 38 CLEAR WNW 06.05.10 2 24 427 196 29 39 OVERCAST SSW 10.05.10 3 23 426 186 23 38 CLEAR SSW 13.05.10 4 23 429 251 37 39 OVERCAST WSW 18.05.10 5 22.5 426 197 29 35 CLEAR SSE 22.05.10 6 22.5 398 114 26 32 CLEAR SSE 26.05.10 7 23 419 167 21 36 CLEAR SSW 29.05.10 8 23.5 412 110 28 36 CLEAR WSW AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.18
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: KHANOODIH VILLAGE, CODE: (AQ-4) BUFFER ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
1 01.06.10 23.5 319 117 19 35 CLEAR SSE 04.06.10 2 23.5 316 119 20 36 CLEAR SSW 07.06.10 3 24 300 107 19 35 CLEAR SSW 10.06.10 4 24 304 109 20 35 OVERCAST WSW 14.06.10 PARTLY 5 24 336 128 20 36 CLOUDY SSE 17.06.10 6 23.5 332 136 22 38 CLEAR SSW 21.06.10 7 22.5 349 141 20 36 CLEAR WSW 24.06.10 8 23 322 124 20 35 CLEAR SSW AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 44 JOB No. 200310002
Table 3.19
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: NEHRU NAGAR, CODE: (AQ-5) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION SL. DATE SAMPLING WEATHER WIND SPM RPM SO2 NO2 NO. HOURS CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 08.04.10 23 236 129 28 45 CLEAR WNW 2 09.04.10 22.5 247 133 26 44 CLEAR SSE
3 13.04.10 23.5 295 146 26 48 CLEAR WNW 16.04.10 PARTLY 4 22.5 278 152 30 52 WNW CLOUDY 5 19.04.10 23.5 269 138 25 47 OVERCAST WNW 6 22.04.10 22.5 286 141 32 56 CLOUDY NW
7 26.04.10 22.5 298 155 36 54 CLEAR WNW 30.04.10 PARTLY 8 23.5 268 134 31 56 WNW CLOUDY AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: 200 100 80 80 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB)
Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120 Table 3.20
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: NEHRU NAGAR, CODE:(AQ-5) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 03.05.10 23.5 278 145 28 56 CLEAR WNW 2 06.05.10 22.5 294 179 36 68 CLEAR WNW
3 10.05.10 24 284 145 31 61 CLEAR WNW
4 13.05.10 24 276 167 34 66 CLEAR WNW 5 18.05.10 23.5 298 161 30 62 CLEAR WNW
6 22.05.10 23 286 162 26 61 OVERCAST NW
7 26.05.10 23.5 281 172 31 66 CLEAR NW 8 29.05.10 22.5 287 165 31 67 CLOUDY WNW
AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: 200 100 80 80 Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.21 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 45 JOB No. 200310002
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: NEHRU NAGAR, CODE:(AQ-5) CORE ZONE SL. DATE SAMPLING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 01.06.10 23 217 98 16 35 CLEAR WSW 04.06.10 2 23.5 232 121 28 34 CLEAR SSW 07.06.10 3 24 226 111 30 54 CLEAR NNW 10.06.10 4 24 238 121 20 36 OVERCAST SSW 14.06.10 PARTLY 5 24 229 114 31 52 CLOUDY SSW 17.06.10 6 22.5 250 128 25 40 CLEAR SSW 21.06.10 7 23 246 135 26 44 CLEAR SSW 24.06.10 8 23.5 236 123 24 40 CLEAR ESE AVERAGE Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Table 3.22
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: ISM, DHANBAD, CODE: (AQ-6) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 08.04.10 23.5 145 79 25 34 CLEAR SSE PARTLY 2 09.04.10 24 143 80 27 31 CLOUDY SSW 3 13.04.10 24 124 76 24 32 CLEAR SSW
4 16.04.10 24 127 75 20 34 CLEAR WSW 5 19.04.10 23.5 129 76 14 36 CLEAR SSE 6 22.04.10 22.5 135 71 15 37 OVERCAST SSW 7 26.04.10 22 136 79 27 33 CLEAR SSW
8 30.04.10 23.5 139 78 18 31 OVERCAST S AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80 Coal mine Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 700 300 120 120
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 46 JOB No. 200310002
Table 3.23
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS LOCATION: ISM, DHANBAD, CODE: (AQ-6) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3
1 03.05.10 22.5 141 66 30 38 CLEAR SSW 2 06.05.10 23.5 139 79 29 32 CLEAR SSE 3 10.05.10 23 138 62 29 31 CLEAR SSE
4 13.05.10 24 137 77 28 32 CLEAR WSW
5 18.05.10 24 141 64 23 30 CLEAR SSE 6 22.05.10 24 142 68 24 32 CLEAR SSW PARTLY 7 26.05.10 23.5 148 54 25 35 CLOUDY SSW
8 29.05.10 22.5 149 68 25 30 CLEAR SSE AVERAGE Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80
Table 3.24 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS MONITORING STATION: ISM, DHANBAD, CODE: (AQ-6) BUFFER ZONE POLLUTANT SL. DATE SAMPLING CONCENTRATION WEATHER WIND
NO. HOURS SPM RPM SO2 NO2 CONDITION DIRECTION µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 µg/m3 1 01.06.10 23.5 112 69 25 24 CLEAR SSW PARTLY 2 04.06.10 22 126 70 23 23 CLOUDY SSE 3 07.06.10 24 110 71 24 26 CLEAR SSE 4 10.06.10 24 123 63 12 21 CLEAR WSW
5 14.06.10 23.5 128 65 14 25 CLEAR SSW 6 17.06.10 22.5 127 60 15 22 OVERCAST SSW
7 21.06.10 23.5 127 61 20 24 CLEAR SSW 8 24.06.10 23 112 58 11 20 CLEAR SSE
AVERAGE NAAQS: Residential Standards: Permissible Limit (Source: CPCB) 200 100 80 80
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 47 JOB No. 200310002
Observations
The following observations are made from the analytical results of monitoring:
The average SPM concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building, were within the range of 381 to 515 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average SPM concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 263 to 450 μg/m3 and were crossing the permissible level of 200 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 112 to 149 μg/m3 the average concentration was 132 μg/m3 which is below the standard limit.
The average RPM concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 175to 242 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average RPM (PM10) concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas (were within the range of 140 to 199 μg/m3 and were crossing the permissible level of 100 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. Both the SPM and RPM concentration levels reduced significantly during the days having maximum rain fall. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 54 to 80 μg/m3 the average concentration was 69 μg/m3 which is below the standard limit.
The average SO2 concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 32 to 33 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average SO2 concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 24 to 30 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of 80 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 11 to 29 μg/m3 the average concentration was 22μg/m3 which is below the standard limit.
The average Nox concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 32 to 58 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average NOx concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 35 to 51 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of 80 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 20 to 38 μg/m3 the average concentration was 30μg/m3 which is below the standard limit.
Conclusion
The following conclusions can be drawn from the study of results of ambient air quality monitoring:
The concentration level for SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOX recorded at stations representing industrial and residential areas are within the prescribed limits as per GSR 742 (E) Dated 25.09.2000 of MOEF and NAAQS respectively. The Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 48 JOB No. 200310002
permissible limits for concentration of air pollutants for industrial and residential areas are given in the following Tables nos. from 3.7 to 3.24.
3.3 Water Quality
3.3.1 Water quality studies
The qualities of water samples collected from the representative spots of the proposed project during routine monitoring is incorporated in this section. The samples were collected once in a month for the underground water during the above period of study.
Table 3.25 Description of the water sampling spots Sample Sampling Locations Area Description Code Surface water details: SW1 Jamunia gomoh Madhuban area Approx.3.5 km away from bridge Madhuban washery SW2 Ghutway mine water Madhuban area Approx.3 km away from Madhuban washery SW3 Ghutway village Madhuban area Approx 2 km away from Madhuban washery SW4 Sijua tank Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office SW5 Sijua pond Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office SW6 Block II OCP Madhuban area Approx. 1 km away from Madhuban washery Drinking water: DW1 Sijua Well Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office DW2 Ghutway village Madhuban area 2km from Madhuban Washery Mine water/Effluent: E1 Jamunia OCP mine Madhuban area Approx 1.5 km away from water Madhuban area
3.3.3 Frequency & period of water sampling
The sampling was carried out once a season during the month of June 2010.
3.3.4 Analysis of water samples The samples were analysed for relevant physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters for drawing up the baseline data.
All the basic precautions and care were taken during the sampling to avoid contamination. Analysis of the samples was carried out as per established
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 49 JOB No. 200310002
standard methods and procedures prescribed by the relevant IS Codes and Standard Methods (AAPHA).
3.3.5 Standards followed:
Standard for mine water : GSR-742(E):2000 Standard for surface water: IS 2296 : 1982 Standard for drinking water: IS 10500 : 1991
Status of Surface Water Bodies of the Madhuban area
The water quality of the surface water like ponds and lakes along with the Surface Water Standards (IS: 2296) - Class C (Tolerance limit for stream water used for drinking water sources with conventional treatment followed by disinfection) are given in Table 3.2. It can be seen that the pH of all the water is slightly in alkaline range in Jamunia Gomoh Bridge, which is approximately 3.5 km away from Madhuban Washery (pH=8.45), Ghutway mine water (pH=8.14), Ghutway Village (pH=7.98), Sijua Tank (pH=7.88), Sijua Pond (8.46) and Block II OCP surface water (pH= 8.41) which lies within the prescribed standards. The variation in pH profile of various ponds and surface water bodies in Madhuban area are shown in Fig 3.1.
The water collected from the Block II OCP which is approximately 1Km away from Madhuban washery had the lowest DO (4.3 mg/l) compared to the other surface water bodies. Whereas the DO of other surface water bodies collected from Ghutway Village (6.7mg/L), Sijua Pond (6.3 mg/L), Sijua Tank (6.2mg/L), Jaminua Gomoh Bridge (5.6 mg/l) and Ghutway mine water (4.8mg/L) are much higher than the minimum prescribed DO standards (4 mg/l). The variation in DO profile of various ponds and surface water bodies in Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.2.
Chloride concentration of water collected from Jamunia Gomoh Bridge, Ghutway Mine water, Ghutway Village, Sijua tank, Sijua Pond and Block II OCP surface water was 17 mg/l, 49 mg/l, 15.5 mg/l, 11.5 mg/l, 18 mg/l, and 43.2 mg/l, respectively which were well within the prescribed standard of 600 mg/l.
The Faecal coliforms of water collected from Madhuban area varied significantly (72 to 128). It was within the prescribed standards. Faecal coliforms in Sijua Pond was higher (128) as compared to the other sources.
The BOD (5day at 200C) was found to exceed the prescribed standard for all the samples (Fig. 3.3). TDS concentration of water in various sources varied from 121-382 mg/l and found to be within the prescribed standards (1500 mg/l). Fig 3.4 shows the variation in TDS profile of various surface water bodies in Madhuban area. Several other parameters such as nitrate, sulphate, Fluoride, etc. were also within the prescribed standards.
Heavy metal analysis of different river and stream water demonstrated that the heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium were below detection limit (B.D.L). The analysis of the water quality in comparison with the standards (IS:2296) indicates that the different surface water bodies is fit for its Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 50 JOB No. 200310002
designated use as a drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection.
Table 3.26
SURFACE WATER QUALITY STATUS OF THE STUDY AREA Sl. Parameter Sample location with code (IS: 2296) Surface No. SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 waters, class “C” Tolerance limit 1. pH 8.45 8.14 7.98 7.88 8.46 8.41 6.5-8.5
2. Electrical 235 508 241 217 259 526 conductivity (μmhos/cm)
3. TDS (mg/l) 190 382 163 121 173 363 1500
4. TSS (mg/l) 56 31 63 48 51 28
5. Fluoride (mg/l) 0.69 0.58 0.3 0.41 0.82 0.32 1.5 6. Chloride (mg/l) 17 49 15.5 11.5 18 43.2 600 7. Sulphate (mg/l) 82 350.1 218 24 32.9 183.8 400 8. Nitrate (mg/l) 0.112 0.127 0.92 0.181 0.252 0.237 50 9. Phosphate 0.54 <0.005 0.14 <0.003 0.17 0.22 (mg/l) 10. SAR 2.15 0.35 0.31 1.54 1.57 1.63 11. DO (mg/l) 5.6 4.8 6.7 6.2 6.3 4.3 4 12. BOD (mg/l) 8.1 9.34 11.61 9.68 13.71 8.72 3 13. COD (mg/l) 10.9 12.5 16.4 11.3 19.4 10.6 14. Pb (mg/l) <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 0.1 15. Cd (mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 16. Hg (mg/l) <0.00 <0.006 <0.006 <0.006 <0.00 <0.00 6 6 6 17. Cr (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 18. Free ammonia 1.12 <0.02 1.08 1.17 1.11 <0.02 (mg/l)
19. CO2 (mg/l) 4.4 1.4 5.8 1.6 3.6 1.2 20. Oil and Grease 0.06 0.11 0.04 BDL 0.13 0.17 (mg/l) 21. Faecal 96 72 126 103 128 112 Coliforms as MPN/100 ml 22. Total Coliforms 230 170 350 287 328 280 5000 as MPN/100 ml
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 51 JOB No. 200310002
Drinking Water Quality of Madhuban Area
To assess the status of drinking water quality of Madhuban area, water samples from Sijua Well (DW1) and a tubewell from Ghutway Village (DW2) were collected and analyzed for various water quality parameters. The characteristics of water samples of Madhuban area along with the drinking water quality standard (as per the IS 10,500: 1993).
It can be seen from the table that pH of the tube well water collected from all the sampling locations was within the permissible range as per the drinking water standards. The variation in pH profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.5.
Turbidity of the water samples varied from 8.73 to 14.48 NTU. Turbidity of the drinking waters in Sijua Well and Ghutway village was found to exceed the desirable limit (5 NTU). The variation in turbidity profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.6.
Total hardness of waters collected from Sijua Well and tube well of Ghutway Village were found to be 180 and 200 mg/l as CaCO3 respectively which were within the permissible drinking water standards (300mg/L as CaCO3). The variation in Hardness profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.7. Whereas the Calcium Hardness and Magnesium Hardness were found to exceed the drinking water standards (75mg/L as CaCO3 and 30 mg/L as CaCO3, respectively).
The TDS concentration in Sijua Well and tube well in Ghutway Village were 251 and 247 mg/l, respectively, which were within the permissible drinking water standards. The variation in TDS profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.8.
MPN analysis of drinking waters indicated that the waters of Madhuban Area were not contaminated. The other parameters, such as, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, phosphate, etc. were also well within the permissible drinking water standards.
Heavy metal analysis of the drinking water samples indicated that all the heavy metals, i.e., lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium in all stations were well below detection limit (B.D.L). Iron has been detected in the Tube well water of Ghutway Village in the concentration of 0.13 mg/L. Table 3.27 Water quality status of drinking water of the study area Sl Parameter Sampling Locations IS: 10500 No. DW1 DW2 1. pH 8.4 7.51 6.5-8.5 2. Turbidity (NTU) 14.48 8.53 5 3. Electrical conductivity 292 475 (μmhos/cm) 4. TDS (mg/l) 251 247 500
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 52 JOB No. 200310002
Sl Parameter Sampling Locations IS: 10500 No. DW1 DW2 5. Total hardness (mg/l) 180 200 300 6. Calcium hardness (mg/l) 110 140 75 7. Magnesium hardness (mg/l) 70 60 30 8. Fluoride (mg/l) 0.5 0.46 1.0 9. Chloride (mg/l) 8.1 39 250 10. Nitrate (mg/l) <0.001 <0.001 45 11. Phosphate (mg/l) 0.25 0.49 12. Percent Sodium 22.5 45.1 13. BOD (mg/l) <1 <1 14. COD (mg/l ) 12.43 2.64 15. Pb (mg/l) <0.06 <0.06 0.05 16. Cd (mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 0.01 17. Hg (mg/l) <0.006 <0.006 0.001 18. Fe (mg/l) <0.05 0.13 0.3 19. Cr+3 (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 20. Cr+6 (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 0.05 21. Faecal Coliforms as Nil Nil Nil MPN/100 ml 22. Total coliforms as MPN/100 Nil Nil 1 ml
3.3.6 Observations on water quality survey
Drinking Water Quality of Madhuban Area
To assess the status of drinking water quality of Madhuban area, water samples from Sijua Well (DW1) and a tubewell from Ghutway Village (DW2) were collected and analyzed for various water quality parameters. The characteristics of water samples of Madhuban area along with the drinking water quality standard (as per the IS 10,500: 1993) are given in Table 3.27.
It can be seen from the table that pH of the tube well water collected from all the sampling locations was within the permissible range as per the drinking water standards. The variation in pH profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Table 3.27.
Turbidity of the water samples varied from 8.73 to 14.48 NTU. Turbidity of the drinking waters in Sijua Well and Ghutway village was found to exceed the desirable limit (5 NTU). The variation in turbidity profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Table 3.27.
Total hardness of waters collected from Sijua Well and tube well of Ghutway Village were found to be 180 and 200 mg/l as CaCO3 respectively which were within the permissible drinking water standards (300mg/L as CaCO3). The Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 53 JOB No. 200310002
variation in Hardness profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.7. Whereas the Calcium Hardness and Magnesium Hardness were found to exceed the drinking water standards (75mg/L as CaCO3 and 30 mg/L as CaCO3, respectively).
The TDS concentration in Sijua Well and tube well in Ghutway Village were 251 and 247 mg/l, respectively, which were within the permissible drinking water standards. The variation in TDS profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area is shown in Fig 3.8.
MPN analysis of drinking waters indicated that the waters of Madhuban Area were not contaminated. The other parameters, such as, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, phosphate, etc. were also well within the permissible drinking water standards.
Heavy metal analysis of the drinking water samples indicated that all the heavy metals, i.e., lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium in all stations were well below detection limit (B.D.L). Iron has been detected in the Tube well water of Ghutway Village in the concentration of 0.13 mg/L.
Effluent Quality of Madhuban Area
Jamunia OCP Mine Water, located approximately 1.5 km from the Madhuban washery, has been collected to assess the effluent water quality in Madhuban area. Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery will have a zero discharge system but there may be effluent discharge during heavy rain. The characteristics of Effluent water sample of Madhuban area along with the Inland Surface water quality standard (as per the IS 2490: 1981).
Table 3.28 Effluent Water Quality status of the study area
S.N. Parameters Sample IS 2490:1996 Location (Inland surface water) EW 1 1 Colour (Hazen units) <6 -
2 Temperature (°C) 22.5 45
3 pH 8.17 5.5 – 9.0
4 BOD (5 Days at 20 °C), mg/L BDL 30
5 COD, mg/L 83.2 250
6 Total Dissolved Solids, mg/L 422 2100
7 Total Suspended Solids, mg/L 56.8 -
8 Oil and Grease, mg/L 6 10
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 54 JOB No. 200310002
S.N. Parameters Sample IS 2490:1996 Location (Inland surface water) EW 1 9 Total Residual Chlorine, mg/L Nil 1
10 Chloride (as Cl-), mg/L 51 1000
11 Fluorides as (F-), mg/L 0.7 2.0
12 Total Nitrogen (as N), mg/L 10 -
13 Kjeldhal Nitrogen, mg/L 7.3 100
14 Free Ammonia as (NH3), mg/L 3.2 5
-- 15 Sulphates (as SO4 ), mg/L 504.48 1000
16 Cyanide (as CN-), mg/L 0.007 0.2
17 Dissolved Phosphate as P, - 5 mg/L
18 Iron (as Fe), mg/L 1.6 -
19 Lead (as Pb), mg/L <0.06 0.1
20 Mercury (as Hg), mg/L <0.006 0.01
21 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/L <0.01 2.0
22 Copper (as Cu), mg/L 0.02 3.0
23 Selenium (as Se), mg/L <0.005 0.05
24 Boron (as B), mg/L <0.01 2.0
25 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L <0.02 5.0
26 Arsenic (as As), mg/L <0.001 0.2
27 Chromium (as Cr+6), mg/L <0.05 0.1
28 Nickel (As Ni), mg/L <0.005 3.0
29 Phenolic Compounds, mg/L 0.017 1.0
30. Sulphide (as S), mg/L 1.6 2.0
It can be seen from the table that pH of the mine water collected from the sampling location was within the permissible range as per the Inland Surface Water quality standards.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 55 JOB No. 200310002
The TDS concentration in Jamunia OCP mine water was 422 mg/L, which is within the permissible Inland Surface Water quality standards.TSS has been found in the concentration of 56.8 mg/L.
Cyanide and phenol were in the concentration of 0.007 and 0.017 mg/L, respectively, which is much below the permissible standards (0.2 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L, respectively).
Heavy metal analysis of the drinking water samples indicated that all the heavy metals, i.e., lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, Boron, Zinc, Nickel, Arsenic and chromium in the mine water were well below the detection limit (BDL). Iron has been detected in the Jamunia OCP mine water in the concentration of 1.6 mg/L and copper was detected in trace amount (0.02 mg/L).
3.4 Noise Level Measurement
3.4.1 Noise level assessment
Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) have been measured by a sound level meter (Model: Lutron SL-4001). Since loudness of sound is important for its effects on people, the dependence of loudness upon frequency must be taken into account in environmental noise assessment. This has been achieved by the use of A- weighting filters in the noise measuring instrument which gives a direct reading of approximate loudness.
3.4.2 Location of noise level monitoring spots
The existing mines and other sources of pollution are located in North-east, East, South-east, South, South-west and West direction.
Table 3.29 Noise sampling stations of Madhuband Coal Washery
Sl No. Location Major noise Category sources 1 Baghmara Police Station Vehicular movement Commercial (C) 2 Block-II office Village activities, Industrial area (I) vehicular movement through adjacent road, etc. 3 Khanoodih Village Village activities, Residential area (R) vehicular movement through adjacent road, etc. 4 Gutway village Village activities, Residential area (R) vehicular movement through adjacent road, etc.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 56 JOB No. 200310002
Following noise monitoring spots have therefore been selected to represent the ambient noise level in the area and the sampling spots have been shown in Plate-5.
Table 3.30 Average noise quality status in Madhuban washery:
Location Area Average Day and Night Time Average Background code Noise Levels[dB(A)] Noise Levels Leq (day) Leq (night) Day time Night time Badhmara C 69.7± 2.5 59± 1.8 64.3±3.2 60.1±1.9 Police station
Block II I 68.8± 2.1 62.25± 1.5 63±2.3 61.5±2.7 office
Khanoodih R 49.2 ± 4.2 40.2 ± 1.8 48.7±3.5 38.4±2.8 village
Gutuway R 48.4 ± 3.2 40 ± 2 45.5±2.8 35.5±2.6 village
Noise quality standards:
As per MOEF, Govt. of Inida notification dated 26.12.1989, vide GSR 1063 (E) the ambient noise leel standards for different cagetories of different location are given in Table no 3.31
Table 3.31 Ambient Noise Quality Standards
Sl. No. Category of Area Limits in dB(A) Day time Night time (6.00 am to 9.00 pm) (9.00 pm to 6.00 am) 1 Industrial area 75 70 2 Commercial Area 65 55 3 Residential Area 55 45 4 Silence Zone 50 40
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 57 JOB No. 200310002
3.4.3 Observations:
Monitoring methodology and noise quality assessment:
A systematic noise quality monitoring was undertaken during day and night time at the monitoring locations using Modular Precision Sound Level Meter (B & K type 2231) during July 2010. In order to evaluate day and night time noise levels, 6 sets of readings were taken at each location within 24 hrs with a gap of 4 hrs in between 2 consecutive readings. Based on these readings average Leq (day) and Leq (night) and background levels (L90) for both day and night time were computed.
The average noise levels at the site during day and night time with background noise levels was as presented in Table No. 3.30. The same observations are discussed below under three categories:
Industrial area
The average Leq levels in one industrial area i.e., Block 2 office are within the range of 68.8± 2.1 dB(A) and 62.25± 1.5 dB(A) during day and night time respectively. As such, both the day and night time noise levels (Leq) were within permissible norms of 75 &70 dB(A) respectively. The Average background levels, i.e., L90 were within the range of 63±2.3 to 61.5±2.7 dB(A) for day and night time respectively.
Commercial area
The average Leq levels in one commercial area i.e., Baghmara police station are within the range of 69.7± 2.5 to 59± 1.8 dB(A) during day and night time respectively. As such, the day and night time noise levels (Leq) were within permissible norms of 65 &55 dB(A) respectively. The Average background levels, i.e., L90 were within the range of 64.3±3.2 to 60.1±1.9 dB(A) for day and night time respectively.
Residential area
The average Leq levels in five residential areas such as Khanoodih village and Gutway village are within the range of 49.2 ± 4.2 to 48.4 ± 3.2 dB(A) during day and 40.2 ± 1.8 to 40 ± 2 during night time respectively. As such, the day and night time noise levels (Leq) were within permissible norms of 55 & 45 dB(A) respectively. The Average background levels, i.e., L90 were within the range of 48.7±3.5 to 45.5±2.8 dB(A) and 38.4±2.8 to 35.5±2.6 for day and night time respectively.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 58 JOB No. 200310002
3.5 Soil Quality Studies
3.5.1 Laboratory testing of soil
The soil samples were collected by ramming a core-cutter into the soil up to a depth of 90 cm. The samples were then homogenized and packed in a Polythene plastic bag and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis.
Regular monitoring of soil quality is being carried out in the existing Madhuband Washery at environmental laboratory of BCCL. Although in order to assess the fertility status w.r.t physical, physico-chemical and micro-nutrient parameters for six different locations data generation has been carried out by ISM, Dhanbad. Analysis result in respect of above samples of soil collected from different locations of core & buffer zone have been analysed and shown in Table No 3.32
3.5.2 Frequency of Soil Sampling
Soil Sampling was carried out at six different locations once a month for each site during the study period of April’10, May’10 & June’10.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 59 JOB No. 200310002
STUDY AREA MAP OF MADHUBAN WASHERY REGION
Soil Sampling Locations
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 6 0 JOB No. 200310002
Table 3.32 Summary of physico-chemical parameters of soil samples collected from Madhuban Washery Region.
Sample Sampling Type of pH EC MC OC Na K Ca Mg CEC N Avl Code. Locations Land (mmhos/cm) P % mg/kg (cmol/kg) Kg/ha S1 Jayramdih Barren 5.7 0.19 1.4 0.95 7.2 23.7 87.45 30.61 5.4 112.8 4.64 Land
S2 Sidpoki Ob Dump 5.47 0.12 1.1 2.88 22.3 28.5 103.15 60.92 11.9 88.2 3.28
S3 Karmatand Waste 6.13 0.15 1.4 1.34 26.5 23.2 101.19 68.09 9.5 185.85 8.38 Land
S4 Amtola Agricultural 8.21 0.63 2.7 1.36 16.2 49.3 167.41 64.62 14.6 207.9 18.46 Land
S5 Sikdardih Agricultural 8.55 0.56 3.8 3.92 20.6 21.9 110.23 58.54 16.2 378 10.01 Land
S6 Khanoodih Agricultural 7.93 0.76 2.6 1.89 10.3 13.7 109.98 45.98 19.8 135.45 4.31 Village Land
S7 Dugdho Forest 5.56 1.16 4.2 3.99 13.1 83.2 194.38 89.98 25.3 393.75 28.15 Land
S8 Koradih Agricultural 6.30 0.61 3.5 2.19 28.6 15.1 172.91 52.36 18.8 182.7 11.12 Land
S9 Saudih Agricultural 7.6 0.94 3.2 2.81 30.92 58.4 189.43 75.92 20.91 225.94 19.54 Land
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 61 JOB No. 200310002
3.5.3 Observations
The results of physico-chemical parameters are given in Table 3.32. The average pH value of soil samples varied from acidic (5.47) to alkaline (8.55), electrical conductivity ranged between 0.12 and 1.16 mmhos/cm revealing significant variation in soil water solution. Further, high moisture content in forest and agricultural soils revealed dominance of silt and clay articles and significant organic carbon (1.83-4.00 %). However, barren land and OB dump showed low moisture content and organic carbon indicating lack of clay particles and vegetation. These biogeochemical factors may be responsible for week cation exchange capacity in barren lands and OB dump. Further, in a few mine spoil samples, occurrence of high organic content was observed due to presence of coal dust that might be responsible for high degree of heterogeneity in the study area. The concentration of available nutrients in forest and agricultural lands were greater than that of barren lands and OB dump samples. The characteristics of the agricultural soil showed that though it was in the mining area, it had good fertility status. Moreover, the properties of forest soils were relatively better as compared to the agricultural soils.
3.6 Socio- economic profile
3.6.1 Socio-Economic Scenario of Madhuban Area
The descriptions and projections of social and economic conditions were carried out for Madhuban area the core zone (Madhuban Washery) and buffer zone. The study was concentrated in the buffer zone area, as there is no village in the core zone no resettlement & rehabilitation (R&R) is involved in this project. Socio-economic Scenario
Socio-economic profile of the study area is based on the data available from 2001 Census Report. The Socio-economic profile of the buffer zone of the project is based on Demographic Survey done by ESE, ISM, Dhanbad, during the month of June, 2010. In addition a systematic socio-economic survey was carried out to develop socio-economic scenario related to demography, health and food, access to education facility, occupational and income pattern, educational status, etc. This has been done on the basis of secondary data as well as a sample survey of the population of the area. The census data was obtained from the Census Office, New Delhi.
The data revealed that the total population of the Madhuban area according to 2001 census is 106282. Out of total population 106282 the male population is 56499 and female population is 49783. The total numbers of households are 20987.
The socio economic status of any area is influenced by various factors and therefore it was necessary to identify the main factors influencing the socio- economic profile of the population in the region. In order to initiate the process,
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 62 Jon No. 200310002 the team members started interacting with some local people at Madhuban with the help of the revenue officials as per the arrangement with the Tehasildar. The general public in the area was initially reluctant to share their feelings regarding their socio-economic status. They were apprehensive about the objectives of the study. But, after persuasion and proper briefing they provided the team members some basic information, which was useful for the survey.
Socio-economic Scenario of the Buffer Zone
The details of village wise demographic / social profile of the buffer zone are summarized below in Table 3.33.
Table 3.33 Village wise Demographic Profile in Buffer Zone
Sl. Name of Village Population Schedule Sched Literates No. Caste ule Tribes Total Male Female Total Total Male Female
TOPCHANCHI DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bagmara 1001 525 476 9 0 447 285
BAGHMARA-CUM-KA TRASH DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 2 Bahatdih 1401 751 650 246 22 492 296 3 Bhurangia 1772 946 826 78 7 640 360 4 Barora 4663 2533 2130 0 1614 767 5 Darida 2675 1383 1292 229 553 784 353 6 Deoghara 2600 1353 1247 162 585 829 341 7 Dauhatarh 3697 1929 1768 747 290 1157 625 8 Dugodho 355 199 156 0 7 139 54 9 Gopal pur 755 408 347 1 0 253 108 10 Govindpur 789 417 372 515 9 257 107 11 Haripur tola 180 91 89 0 0 67 34 12 Jamuniatarh 905 474 431 38 30 350 164 13 Jogidih 723 392 331 114 34 265 117 14 Katras 525 266 259 101 37 189 108 15 Karnagora 196 102 94 30 112 38 19 16 Kesalpur 2115 1180 935 763 192 783 326 17 Kessargarh 1377 708 669 864 0 490 276 18 Khanudih 594 327 267 229 0 412 250 19 Kooridih 1686 917 769 789 7 591 307
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 63 Jon No. 200310002 Sl. Name of Village Population Schedule Sched Literates No. Caste ule Tribes Total Male Female Total Total Male Female 20 Lohipitti 2672 1378 1294 190 3 959 473 21 Lutipahari 2140 1133 1007 481 6 789 517 22 Madhuband 4368 2400 1968 950 104 1762 889 23 Maheshpur 3429 1880 1549 859 59 1326 793 24 Mahuda 4693 2584 2109 780 59 1926 1003 25 Mandara 3630 1978 1652 638 220 1454 785 26 Mididih 805 421 384 30 71 309 137 27 Murlidih 2123 1142 981 380 67 862 485 28 Nagda 1185 644 541 84 04 433 150 29 Narayanpur 435 220 215 0 435 102 30 30 Nichitpur 2687 1393 1294 793 136 800 349 31 Nutandih 225 112 113 0 0 61 36 32 Parjuria 721 380 341 0 0 258 102 33 Pathargaria 1270 648 622 225 1 411 160 34 Phulwari Tard 5307 2869 2438 1012 40 1966 1112 35 Piperatanr 340 172 168 0 71 551 229 36 Rajganj 2875 1582 1293 722 13 1189 652 37 Ranidih 730 412 318 149 47 315 166 38 Sadariyadi 1193 594 599 57 0 411 232 39 Simatarn 389 203 186 390 0 137 79 40 Taranga 1999 1044 955 554 0 602 313 41 Telumchu 2941 1562 1379 344 50 1089 509 42 Tentuliya 1959 1047 912 657 24 696 386 43 Tunda 3890 2046 1844 808 266 1445 821 44 Amdih 271 147 124 0 0 111 42 45 Bakspura 1995 1043 952 136 0 797 539 46 Bansjora 2139 1150 989 509 04 862 485 47 Barmasia 564 312 252 192 26 183 61 48 Behara 1129 577 552 58 12 379 167 Kesargarwa 49 Beliyatanr 658 320 338 12 508 - - 50 Bisunpur 540 291 249 0 499 87 08 51 Chata 2551 1363 1188 547 104 734 247 52 Chhatba 82 39 43 12 02 10 10 53 Dignagar 242 220 22 152 61 111 79 54 Kesalpur 525 266 259 0 525 164 81
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 64 Jon No. 200310002 Sl. Name of Village Population Schedule Sched Literates No. Caste ule Tribes Total Male Female Total Total Male Female 55 Kesargarha 1377 708 669 864 0 490 276 56 Koradih 743 371 372 170 17 281 130 57 Ledwadih 938 485 453 378 49 271 80 58 Madanpur 205 99 106 0 0 50 20 59 Manpur 460 252 208 77 05 176 89 60 Matari 2678 1382 1296 945 0 892 447 61 Pochari 1776 912 864 123 310 558 266 62 Radhanagar 2180 1156 1024 333 35 872 500 63 Raghunathpur 1158 596 562 01 799 299 80 64 Sidpoki 653 358 295 123 0 161 76 65 Sijua 2336 1142 1194 149 1552 470 124 66 Sonariyatanr 345 186 159 09 01 110 32 67 Suryadih 405 204 201 162 0 95 30 68 Telotanr 317 175 142 31 0 103 47
According to Primary Census Abstract - 2001, the total population stands at the percentage of male population is about 53.16% while the female population is 46.84%. The demographic profile of Madhuban area shows that the total Scheduled Caste population is about 18.82% of the total population. The total Scheduled Tribe population is about 7.59% of the total population. Total literates of the Madhuban area is about 53.75 % of the total population and the male literates is 35.67 % while the female literates is 18.08 %.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 65 Jon No. 200310002 Economic Profile
Village wise economic profile in Buffer Zone is given below in Table 3.34.
Table 3.34 Village Economic Profile in Buffer Zone
Sl. Name of Population Main Worker Marginal Non Worker No. Village worker Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female TOCPHANCHI DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bagmara 1001 525 476 267 32 52 29 521 677 BAGHMARA-CUM-KA TRASH DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 2 Bahatdih 1401 751 650 258 29 49 25 444 596 3 Bhurangia 1772 946 826 351 18 328 15 595 806 4 Barora 4663 2533 2130 907 102 111 76 1515 1951 5 Darida 2675 1383 1292 344 37 209 106 830 1149 6 Deoghara 2600 1353 1247 276 9 233 134 844 1104 7 Duhatarh 3697 1929 1768 796 107 73 106 1060 1555 8 Dugodho 355 199 156 30 1 47 3 122 152 9 Gopal pur 755 408 347 56 3 57 100 106 119 10 Govindpur 789 417 372 189 26 5 4 848 1206 11 Haripur tola 180 91 89 32 21 9 3 54 69 12 Jamuniatarh 905 474 431 142 7 27 2 290 417 13 Jogidih 723 392 331 114 9 31 30 240 321 14 Katras 525 266 259 92 19 42 28 221 340 15 Karnagora 196 102 94 29 2 21 19 98 74 16 Kesalpur 2115 1180 935 546 50 21 32 613 853 17 Kessargarh 1377 708 669 237 17 20 5 451 647 18 Khanudih 594 327 267 153 11 103 10 408 637 19 Kooridih 1686 917 769 385 61 14 7 518 701 20 Lohipitti 2672 1378 1294 374 112 109 118 617 742 21 Lutipahari 2140 1133 1007 459 28 204 293 638 964 22 Madhuband 4368 2400 1968 968 69 79 36 1863 23 Maheshpur 3429 1880 1549 201 9 196 263 395 519 24 Mahuda 4693 2584 2109 739 38 232 17 1613 2054 25 Mandara 3630 1978 1652 738 60 86 28 1154 1564 26 Mididih 805 421 384 146 9 63 20 212 355 27 Murlidih 2123 1142 981 290 24 116 12 736 945 28 Nagda 1185 644 541 123 5 134 102 387 434 29 Narayanpur 435 220 215 30 0 66 4 124 211 30 Nichitpur 2687 1393 1294 356 65 263 149 774 1080 31 Nutandih 225 112 113 42 2 31 65 39 46 32 Parjuria 721 380 341 180 40 32 36 168 291 33 Pathargaria 1270 648 622 248 15 27 18 373 589 34 Phulwari 2869 2438 1019 43 194 17 1651 2378 Tard 5307 35 Piperatanr 340 172 168 312 51 47 120 420 581
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 66 Jon No. 200310002 Sl. Name of Population Main Worker Marginal Non Worker No. Village worker Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 36 Rajganj 2875 1582 1293 629 45 35 14 918 1234 37 Ranidih 730 412 318 160 4 0 0 252 314 38 Sadariyadi 1193 594 599 207 10 20 6 367 583 39 Simatarn 389 203 186 69 3 75 121 59 62 40 Taranga 1999 1044 955 315 19 150 49 579 887 41 Telumchu 2941 1562 1379 447 25 257 160 858 1194 42 Tentuliya 1959 1047 912 244 30 113 6 1059 1399 43 Tunda 3890 2046 1844 760 62 71 18 1215 1764 44 Amdih 271 147 124 66 0 13 02 68 122 45 Bakspura 1995 1043 952 417 14 54 18 572 920 46 Bansjora 2139 1150 989 300 26 184 23 666 940 47 Barmasia 564 312 252 107 12 19 01 186 239 48 Behara 1129 577 552 274 30 07 224 296 298 Kesargarwa 49 Beliyatanr 658 320 338 228 112 32 9 229 432 50 Bisunpur 540 291 249 100 01 33 118 158 130 51 Chata 2551 1363 1188 266 05 291 130 806 1053 52 Chhatba 82 39 43 20 16 03 0 19 24 53 Dignagar 242 220 22 84 19 41 63 95 138 54 Kesalpur 525 266 259 89 27 47 68 130 164 55 Kesargarha 1377 708 669 237 17 20 05 451 647 56 Koradih 743 371 372 75 03 97 36 199 333 57 Ledwadih 938 485 453 186 21 24 35 275 397 58 Madanpur 205 99 106 49 01 16 55 34 50 59 Manpur 460 252 208 55 03 45 17 152 188 60 Matari 2678 1382 1296 333 24 279 88 770 1184 61 Pochari 1776 912 864 237 65 180 99 495 700 62 Radhanagar 2180 1156 1024 397 22 77 08 682 994 63 Raghunathpur 1158 596 562 205 16 112 277 279 269 64 Sidpoki 653 358 295 132 19 15 03 211 273 65 Sijua 2336 1142 1194 432 100 194 419 516 675 66 Sonariyatanr 345 186 159 39 8 22 2 192 221 67 Suryadih 405 204 201 42 01 40 03 122 197 68 Telotanr 317 175 142 45 0 08 02 122 140
Among the workers, the percentage of main worker is about 19.28 % of the total population out of which male is about 17.57 % while female is about 1.78%. Total marginal worker is about 9.43% of the total population out of which male is about 5.56 % and female is about 3.87. %. The maximum population is non workers. Total population of non workers is about 73.64 % out of which the male is about 30.21 % while the female is 43.43 %.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 67 Jon No. 200310002 Social Problems
The main social problem of Madhuban area is unemployment, which has further given rise to social evils like poverty and illiteracy.
Agriculture
Agriculture mostly rain-fed, single-crop rice - is not significant in the Madhuban, where the lack of irrigation limits the scale and diversity of agricultural activity and its potential for growth. Within the coalfield agriculture is limited almost entirely to the subsistence farming of rice and vegetables. Most of the villages have some brick making activity.
3.7 Flora and Fauna
3.7.1 Introduction
Biodiversity Survey of Madhuban Washery
Flora
Most of the Madhuban Washery is covered with tropical deciduous forests. Thirty four plant families with 67 species were found. The Madhuban Washery region exhibits considerable variation in plant diversity perhaps as a result of small changes in elevation, coupled with the historical differences in land use. As such, efforts have been made to study the pattern of tree diversity and abundance in the tropical deciduous forests in the Madhuban Washery region.
Method
A representative study of flora was conducted at three sites, each site having ten quadrats of 10 x 10 m2 size, in dry tropical forests of Madhuban Washery region as shown in Table No. 3.35. The sites were selected on the basis of field observations to represent entire range of conditions in terms of canopy cover and disturbance regimes. The most widely used sampling techniques for vegetation analysis involves quadrats in which individual species can be counted and measured. This quadrat technique was applied to communities of plants occupying areas ("stands") of two-dimensional habitat space (e.g., terrestrial plant communities). Random sampling was done in the Madhuban Washery region. All plant species were identified by their botanical names.
In sampling communities of the plants species, the number of individuals, their spatial distribution and frequencies of occurrence were determined. The area covered by individuals was measured by considering the diameter or circumference of the trunk at breast height (1.37 m) and the basal area (cross- sectional area of the trunk) determined with a hand calculator. The basal area or cover value of individual tree species was recorded by quadrate number and
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 68 Jon No. 200310002 species in a data sheet. The frequency of occurrence of a species is provided by the number of quadrates that contain the species. In summarizing quadrat data, density, dominance, and frequency values were determined for each species. Density refers to the number of individuals per unit area, dominance to the basal area or crown cover per unit area, and frequency to the number of sample plots containing the species. For a particular species, these values may be expressed either in an absolute form or as relative density, relative dominance, and relative frequency, which show the percentage of the individual species value with respect to the total or all species. Relative values for density, dominance, and frequency can be combined into a single Importance Value Index (IVI).
These values are calculated by the following equations:
Total number of individuals of one species Density = ------Total number of quadrates studied
Relative Density = (Density for a species/Total density for all species) x 100
Basal Area = πr2 = π (d/2)2 Where, d = Diameter at breast height (DBH) and r = radius
Total basal area of species Relative Dominance = ------x 100 Total basal area of all species
Frequency= Total number of quadrants in which species occur/Total number of quadrats studied
Relative Frequency = Total frequency values of one sps/Total frequency values of all species
Important Value Index (IVI) = Relative Frequency + Relative Density + Relative
Sum of first three relative values have been used to obtain an IVI. During sampling, number of individuals of each species were counted and their diameter taken at DBH (Diameter at Breast Height, i.e., 1.37 m) level. A few individuals of species had more than one stem, so sum of the diameter of all stems were taken as individual plant. The number of individuals and their DBH values were used in quantification of community structure and composition. The number of individuals and number of quadrates were used in analysis of frequency, density and their relative values, while diameter at breast height resulted into quantification of basal area and relative dominance of each species. However, these features alone could not reveal the ecological dominance of any one species. To overcome the narrow significance of frequency, density and basal area alone, the IVI of each species was calculated. The IVI was calculated on the basis of 300% because it is sum of three quantitative parameters. All species were common species and could not be classified as Schedule species (as per Wild Life Protection Act, 1972).
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 69 Jon No. 200310002
During the survey, adult individuals (>30 cm diameter) of 17 native species of angiosperms were recorded. All sampling sites were made up of the core species plus the additional species specific to each site. The results of quantitative parameters are given in Tables 5.1 to 5.3. The relative values of frequency, density and basal area, and IVI indicate that the structure and function of tropical deciduous forests in Madhuban Washery are dominantly controlled by Madhuca indica, which is a member of Sapotaceae family. The next dominant species was Butea monosperma, a member of Fabaceae family.
The study area represented different communities in terms of species composition. The diversity index, i.e., Shannon-Wiener Index, varied from 2.39 to 2.55, which revealed that the forests were moderate in species richness and lower in stem density and basal area. Across sites, the diversity components and tree density were positively related with total tree basal area. A positive relationship between basal area, tree density and species diversity is an important characteristic of the dry forests, where recurring disturbances do not permit concentration of biomass or stems in only a few strong competitors. At some sites, there was a greater variation in basal area, which can be attributed to patchy distribution of stems and resultant blanks. Therefore, to enhance the tree diversity of these forests, the variability in tree basal area should be reduced by regulating local disturbances. Conservation activities, particularly fuel wood plantations near human settlements, deferred grazing and canopy enrichment through multi-species plantations of nursery-raised or wild-collected seedlings of desirable species within the forest patches of low basal area, will be needed to attain restoration goals, however, reforestation program will have to be made attractive to the forest-dwelling communities. The core species, i.e., Madhuca indica of the region occur throughout and can be found in any of the site types (plains forests, basin etc.). It is commonly encountered and as such this can be considered to be the species, which form the backbone of the common ecology of the area. It is the generalist species. Other species may be common within one or two of the specific site types but they are absent from other sites and therefore they must have in relation to the core species a peculiar need or adaptation. In the study region, the Madhuca indica comprises moist savanna and moist mixed deciduous types of forests with adequate regeneration capacity.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 70 Jon No. 200310002
Table No. 3.35 Quantitative Parameters of Plant Diversity in Khanudih.
Sl. Local Family Botanical name TI F RF D RD BA(m2) RDo IVI SDI SWI No. Name
1 Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 48 80 11.94 4.80 28.74 3.82 32.79 73.47 0.060 0.345 2 Palas Butea monosperma Fabaceae 26 70 10.44 2.60 15.56 1.64 14.08 40.08 0.018 0.269 3 Kutaj Holarrhena Apocynaceae 9 60 8.95 0.90 5.38 0.65 5.58 19.91 0.004 0.180 antidysenterica 4 Karaunda Carissa congesta Apocynaceae 6 40 5.97 0.60 3.59 0.38 3.26 12.82 0.002 0.135
5 Bar Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 6 30 4.47 0.60 3.59 1.34 11.50 19.56 0.004 0.178 6 Anjan Hardwikia binata Caesalpiniaceae 7 30 4.47 0.70 4.19 0.23 1.97 10.63 0.001 0.118
7 Rohan Soymida febrifuga Meliaceae 8 40 5.97 0.80 4.79 0.25 2.15 12.91 0.002 0.135
8 Shisham Dalbergia sissoo Fabaceae 5 30 4.47 0.50 2.99 0.19 1.63 9.09 0.001 0.106 9 Harra Terminalia chebula Combretaceae 7 30 4.47 0.70 4.19 0.14 1.20 9.86 0.001 0.112 10 Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 5 40 5.97 0.50 2.99 0.10 0.86 9.82 0.001 0.112
11 Kuchla Strychnos nux-vomica Loganiaceae 9 40 5.97 0.90 5.38 1.04 8.93 20.28 0.005 0.182 12 Peepal Ficus Religiosa Moraceae 7 30 4.47 0.70 4.19 0.97 8.33 16.99 0.003 0.163 13 Gular Ficus glomerota Moraceae 6 30 4.47 0.60 3.59 0.66 5.67 13.73 0.002 0.141
14 Amaltas Cassia fistula Fabaceae 5 30 4.47 0.50 2.99 0.07 0.60 8.06 0.001 0.097 15 Arjun Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 4 30 4.47 0.40 2.39 0.03 0.26 7.12 0.001 0.089 16 Jamun Eugenia jambolana Myrtaceae 6 30 4.47 0.60 3.59 0.08 0.69 8.75 0.001 0.103 17 Imli Tamarindus indica Fabaceae 3 30 4.47 0.30 1.79 0.06 0.52 6.78 0.001 0.086 Total 167 670 100 16.7 100 11.65 100 300 0.107 2.55
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 71 Jon No. 200310002
Table 3.36 Quantitative Parameters of Plant Diversity in Mathadih.
Sl. No. Local Name Botanical name Family TI F RF D RD BA RDo IVI SDI SWI 1 Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 54 100 12.20 5.40 28.57 2.37 44.22 84.99 0.080 0.357 2 Palas Butea monosperma Fabaceae 23 90 10.98 2.30 12.17 1.14 21.27 44.42 0.022 0.283 3 Sakhua Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae 12 40 4.88 1.20 6.35 0.21 3.92 15.15 0.003 0.151 4 Kutaj Holarrhena antidysenterica Apocyanaceae 13 60 7.32 1.30 6.88 0.13 2.43 16.63 0.003 0.160 5 Pala Alstonia scholaris Apocyanaceae 6 40 4.88 0.60 3.17 0.18 3.36 11.41 0.001 0.124 6 Karaunda Carissa congesta Apocyanaceae 7 30 3.66 0.70 3.70 0.05 0.93 8.29 0.001 0.099 7 Bar Ficus bengalenesis Moraceae 4 40 4.88 0.40 2.12 0.17 3.17 10.17 0.001 0.115 8 Anjan Hardwikia binnata Caesalpiniaceae 7 30 3.66 0.70 3.70 0.02 0.37 7.73 0.001 0.094
9 Harra Terminalia chebula Combretaceae 18 60 7.32 1.80 9.52 0.11 2.05 18.89 0.004 0.174 10 Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 12 60 7.32 1.20 6.35 0.12 2.24 15.91 0.003 0.156 11 Kuchla Strychnos nux-vomica Loganiaceae 8 60 7.32 0.80 4.23 0.12 2.24 13.79 0.002 0.142 12 Peepal Ficus Religiosa Moraceae 5 40 4.88 0.50 2.65 0.62 11.57 19.1 0.004 0.175 13 Gular Ficus glomerota Moraceae 4 20 2.44 0.40 2.12 0.01 0.19 4.75 0.000 0.066 14 Amaltas Cassia fistula Fabaceae 2 20 2.44 0.20 1.06 0.01 0.19 3.69 0.000 0.054 15 Arjun Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 2 20 2.44 0.20 1.06 0.01 0.19 3.69 0.000 0.054 16 Jamun Eugenia jambolana Myrtaceae 6 60 7.32 0.60 3.17 0.07 1.31 11.8 0.002 0.127 17 Imli Tamarindus indica Fabaceae 6 50 6.10 0.60 3.17 0.02 0.37 9.64 0.001 0.110 Total 189 820 100 18.9 100 5.36 100 300 0.13 2.44
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 72 Jon No. 200310002 Fauna
The extensive and dense forests of Madhuban Washery harbour a large number of fauna. Table 5.4 provides the data on animal diversity in forests of the study area. Faunal survey was conducted both by direct (birds, insects, amphibians, reptiles) and indirect (wild animals, larger mammals and snakes) methods. The indirect method involves verbal interaction with local people from different villages of the area. For the study of soil organisms, direct sampling methods in the form of hand-sorting and dry- sieving from soil monoliths were conducted. Smaller soil animals like arthropods, annelids, snails and slugs were identified in the laboratory following authentic hand books. Information pertaining to the migratory route of the birds and wild animal corridors were ascertained from the verbal interaction with the locals.
The fishes, amphibians and water snakes are the major aquatic fauna. The terrestrial fauna includes common invertebrates and vertebrates.
Table 3.37 List of Faunal Species Present in Cluster-I Region. Class Species Common name Class Species Common name Annelida Lampito mauritii Kechua, rice field Mammalia Funambulus Squirrel Drawida willsi kechua pennanti Hare Drawida calebi Lepus nigriculis Bat Peryonix sp. Ptreropus Bat gigantus Bat Reusetus Jackal beschnaulti Cynopterus spihis Canis latrans Limax sp. Terrestrial sp. Mollusca Relix sp. Terrestrial sp. Pila globusa Aquatic sp. Limnaea sp. Aquatic sp. Lamellidents Aquatic sp. Marginalis Julus sp. Common millipede Aves Bubulcus ibis Cattle egret Arthropoda Scolopendra sp. Common Ardeela gayii Pond heron Lemispa sp. centipede Milvus migrans Common Isotome sp. Common silverfish pariah kite Carausius sp. Common Cypa bengalensis Bengal Gryllus sp. colembola Corvus splendens vulture Gryllus Sp. Stick insect Columba livia Common Gryllotalpa sp. Passer crow Forficula sp. Kalli Katara domesticus. Pigeon Mantis sp. Psittacula Common Coccinella sp. columboides sparrow Acalymma sp. Lady Bird Beetle. Ketupa Parrot Libellula sp. Beetle zeylonensis Brown fish Aphid sp. Tyto alba owl Danus sp. Brachypternus Common owl Microtermes sp. Common butterfly. bengalensis Wood pecker Odontoermes sp. Termites Alcede atthis Kingfisher Chelifer sp. Termites Francellinus Grey partidge Buthustamulus ponicerianus Common Carcinus sp Cotumix coturnix quail
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 73 Jon No. 200310002 Class Species Common name Class Species Common name Pavo cristatus Common Dicrrurus peafowl hottentottus Hair crested Ploceus Drongo phillippinus Baya weaver Acridotheres tristis bird Indian myna Reptilian Varanus sp Godhi Amphibia Bufo stomaticus Toad Varanus salvator Godhi Bufo melanostictus Toad Calotes Endua Rana Water versicolor Bahurupi cyanophlyctis skipper Chameleon Nagasapa Rana limnocharis Rice field zeylanicus Naga(gokhara) Rana tigerina frog Naja tripudians Chiti Ramnella Brahmuni Naja bungarus Chiti variegate Benga Bungarus Ajagar Polypedates Mati Benga coerulus Dhammna maculates Tree frog Bungarus Matisapa Tomoptrna Gatua banga fasciatus Anbhuni breviceps Python monurus Zamenis mucosus Eryx conicus Terrapin (pani Typhlop sp kaincha) Dryophis Terrapin (pani myctenizan kaincha) Natrix sp Lissemys punctata Chitra indica FISHES Common name Scientific Name Catla Catla catla Rohu Labeo rohita Mrigel Cirrhina mrigala Kalbaus Labeo kalbasu Putia Barbus minor Magur Clarias batrachus Singi Heteropneusitis fossilis Pholui Notopterus notopterus Chital Notopterus chitala Koi Anabas tstudinus Silver carp Hypophthalmicthys molitrix Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella Boal Wallago attu Adi Mystus aor Bata Labeo bata Chang Ophicephalus gsehua Soal Ophicephalus marutius Lata Ophicephalus punctata Mudeel (kochia) Amphipnous cuchia Gadisa Channa sp Mahuradi Amblypha ryngodon
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 74 Jon No. 200310002 CHAPTER - 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.0 INTRODUCTION
There would be some changes in various environmental parameters due to operations associated with the proposed washery. The impact arising out of project operations is dependent on magnitude or extent of mining, extent of infrastructural facilities, environmental profile and characteristic of environment.
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACT
Identification of impact is an important task in any EIA study. This helps in focusing attention upon relevant environmental parameters and relating them with the activities involved. As far as washery projects are concerned, the following parameters are important in the Environmental Impact Assessment.
1. Socio-economic Impact
2. Impact on land use
3. Environmental & ecological factors
* Ambient air quality
* Water quality
* Noise
* Soil condition
* Flora & Fauna
4. Impact on Meteorology
5. Hydrogeological aspects
6. Hazard assessment
. Ground vibration
. Coal fire
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 75 Jon No. 200310002
4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT
Within the delineated area of core and buffer zones for this project, it is not expected that any major change in the social structure of the area would take place due to this project, since there is an ongoing project of Madhuband Washery and the society of buffer zone is in fully stabilised state in the existing mining and industrial environment of the area.
4.2.1 Population
In general, the average population density of Madhuband Washery in Block-II Area has been found that 5 to 7 persons are in a family. Single member unitary families were only 3 and the most numerous persons per household family comprising thirteen members in a household was only one.
4.2.2 Occupation
Coal mining dominates the economy of the study area as well as district as a whole. The Coal Mining and allied activities like coal washery are the main source of direct and indirect employment and income for the working population of the area. As a consequence, any significant change in the level of mining and allied activities like coal washeries have significant ramifications for local business opportunities and the direct and indirect incomes and employment they provide. Occupation distribution pattern already shown vide Table -3.34.
4.2.3 Amenities
The existing amenities in respect of educational, medical, drinking water supply, communication, electric supply and post & telegraph facilities which are presently being utilised by the existing population of the buffer zone is not expected to be strained further due to the reason that further immigration in this area, as on date is not expected.
However, any development in the existing facilities can never be ruled out keeping in view the rural development programme of BCCL and State Govt. / Central Govt.
4.2.4 Socio Economic Measures
No re-settlement and rehabilitation(R&R) is involved in this project.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 76 Jon No. 200310002
4.2.4.1 Secondary Employment Opportunities
Coal mining and allied activities dominates the economy of the study area as well as district as a whole. The Coal Mining and the activities associated with coal mining are the main source of direct and indirect employment and income for the working population of the area. As a consequence, any significant change in the level of mining activity will have significant ramifications for local business opportunities and the direct and indirect incomes and employment they provide. The proposed coal washery project will enhance the direct and indirect employment an add to the total income of the working population of the area.
4.2.4.2 Organisation
At the Area level, a rehabilitation cell headed by the Chief General Manager of the area & supported by the personnel from various other departments like Estate, Personnel, Finance, Civil Engg. etc. is existing.
4.3 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY
The existing air quality levels are within the prescribed CPCB limits for coal mines. However, expansion of Washery and allied activities in Madhuband Washery and the adjoining active opencast mines will have impact on air quality. The main sources of air pollution are :
Under normal conditions, the levels of pollutants in the ambient air is likely to remain below the prescribed limits. However, if pollution control measures as suggested are not implemented, the values may increase considerably.
Besides mining activity, domestic coal combustion in adjoining mines and other indistries may also contribute towards increase in local air pollution, due to smoke and SO2. The peak period of domestic pollution evidently are morning and evening. During winter due to inversion conditions the situation may become worse resulting in poor visibility. With sunrise pollutants will start dispersing along the prevailing wind contributing towards downward locations.
This existing ambient air quality of core zone and buffer zone are well under the influence of entire activities related to coal mining and operations of Madhuband coal Washery and related activities in buffer zone like traffic movement on non metalled, damaged road etc. It is therefore, not expected that now there will be any further enhancement in the existing concentration of the pollutants viz, SPM, SO2, and NOX in the ambient air of core and buffer zone.
However, during monsoon period the concentration of SPM may go much below the permissible limit in the core and buffer zone of the project area.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 77 Jon No. 200310002
4.3.1 Air Quality Impact Prediction
Air Quality Model
The effects of air pollutants upon receptors are influenced by concentration of pollutants and their dispersion in the atmosphere. Air quality modeling is an important tool for prediction, planning and evaluation of air pollution control activitiers besides indentifying the requirements for emission control to meet the regulatory standards. The efficient management of air quality requires tlhe use of modeling techniques to analyse the patterns of pollutant concentrations from many individual sources of air pollutants operating simultaneously.
Models for regional concentration patterns are based on “emission inventory” data for the region, and on standard meteorological observations assumed to be representative of the entire region.
Various attempts have been made to establish empirical relations to predict the dust emission charactertistics for mining operations. These relations may give only a rough estimate of the total dust emission and provide no information about the contour of the dust plume. The generation rate of the contaminants for most mining operations /coal washry cannot be previously determined by empirical relations because there is a high degree of variance in the way such operations are conducted in different mines/coal washeries. Nevertheless, the empirical relations provide the first hand information to the health workers, administrators, planners and engineers for the development to dust control strageties.
A model namely ISCST3 Version 02035, of USEPA has been used to predict the air quality of the core and buffer zone of the study area due to mining/coal washery operations in proposed project of Madhuband washery for 5.0 MTY. The dust emission level from mining operations/coal washery are based on USEPA publications and the findings of a MOEF funded Research Project undertaken by CMRI, Dhanbad for estimation of emission factors.
4.3.2 Air Quality Prediction
The air Quality Impact Prediction has been done by using the ISCST3 Version 02035. Air Quality Model of USEPA. Estimation for increase in SPM, RPM, NOx and SO2 at the existing Ambient Air Quality Stations, chosen for the purpose of baseline AAQ data generation, has been done with help of the above model. The impact due to existing Madhuband Washery and other activities has already been considered in the base line AAQ study. The total predicted emission of pollutants has been arrived at considering the emissions from present mining /coal washery activities in the area and from future mining/coal washery activities.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 78 Jon No. 200310002
Indentification of sources of TSP and Gaseous pollutants.
The main sources of air pollution with regard to Madhuband Washery for the purpose of estimation of increase in SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOx were identified as :-
1. Transport of coal from mines to the Washery. 2. Coal handling Activities inside the project area. 3. Washery Process 4. Storage of Rejects 5. washed coal transportation from wahery to Railway Siding. 6. Storage and Wagon loading of coal at the Railway Siding.
Receptors
The existing Ambient Air Quality Stations (1 in core zone and 5 in the Buffer zone), chosen for the purpose of baseline data generation by ISMU, Dhanbad, have been treated as receptors for estimation of increase in SPM. The details of the Ambient Air Quality Stations are given in table no. 4.1
Table 4.1 Salient features of ambient air quality monitoring stations
Code Locations Zone Remarks
A-1 Madhuban Core zone Situated within the boundary of washery (Behind coal washery GM office) Several activities (related to coal) responsible for pollution A-2 CISF Camp Upwind in Buffer 500m away from the coal washery. Zone S of washery Surrounded by vegetation Coal washery is major pollution source
A-3 Ghutway village Upwind in Buffer 2km from Madhuban Washery SW of washery Zone
A-4 Khanoodih Downwind in Buffer 1.5km from Madhuban Washery village N of washery Zone Vehicular movement through the adjacent kutcha road is the main source A-5 Nehru Nagar Downwind in Buffer 3km from Madhuban Washery NE of washery
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 79 Jon No. 200310002 Zone
A-6 Indian School of Control Away Madhuban Washery Mines (CME Sensitive area Building)
Meteorological Input
Micrometeorological and microclimatic parameters were recorded by ISMU, Dhanbad by installing one meteorology station in core zone. During the study period from 1st April 2010 to 30th June 2010 hourly reading of wind velocity, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall data were recorded. Meteorological data are placed in Table 4.2 to 4.4.
Meteorological Status of the Study Area During air quality monitoring period, meteorological station was established on the roof top of a building at ISMU. The selected station was free from obstructions for free flow of air from all the direction.
Details of the wind speed, frequency distribution and wind direction is given in Table 4.2 and accordingly wind rose diagram has been developed for the month of summer season (April, May and June 2010) which is presented in the Figure 4.1. During Month of April, May and June, the predominant wind directions in study area were from North, North-East,and East-North East for 9.7, 8.75 & 7.85 percent of time respectively. The predominant wind speed was 5-8 km/h and 3-5 km/h for 29.94 and 21.19 percent of the total time respectively.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 80 Jon No. 200310002
Fig 4.1 Wind Rose Diagram of Study Area for Summer Season (April, May and June 2010)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 81 Jon No. 200310002
Table 4.2 Observed Wind Pattern Data of the Study Area during Summer Season (April, May and June 2010)
Win speed N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WS W WNW NW NNW Total m/s W CALM 6.24%
0.5-1.5 10 8 3 5 8 5 5 3 5 3 7 8 9 12 11 7 5.75%
1.5-3.0 14 11 8 17 10 19 7 12 10 18 12 16 19 13 25 5 11.39 %
3.0-5.0 18 21 22 18 29 24 18 25 18 18 31 47 37 34 2 16 21.19 %
5.0-8.0 24 18 13 22 54 43 47 33 28 29 49 60 47 45 30 26 29.94 %
8.0-10 5 9 11 5 11 15 17 13 4 16 30 24 27 16 18 13 12.34 %
>10 14 10 11 10 12 15 15 7 3 20 20 29 27 15 26 17 13.23 %
Total 4.48% 4.06% 3.58% 4.06% 6.54% 6.38% 5.75% 4.9% 3.58% 5.48% 7.85% 9.7% 8.75% 7.12% 7.1% 4.43% 100%
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) 82 Jon No. 200310002 Summarized micro meteorological status with respect to temperature (maximum and minimum), relative humidity (maximum and minimum), rainfall (hourly basis in a day), wind speed and dominant wind direction for entire study area for the months of April, May and June 2010 is presented in Table 4.3.
Table No. 4.3 Micrometeorological data for the study area (April-June, 2010)
Month Temp (oC) Relative Wind Speed Dominant Rainfall Humidity (%) (km/hr) Wind Direction (mm.) (To) Month Max. Min. Max. Min. Max Min April 44.9 27.0 98.0 27.9 15.7 0.1 S & SW 4.5 May 44.8 22.0 97.2 18.6 16.9 0.7 W&WSW 48.5 June 45.5 26.5 98.0 20.0 19.8 0.2 SW & SSW 32.0
Micro-meteorological data (rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and maximum & minimum temperatures) during the study period (April, May and June 2010) were as presented in Tables 4.3. The maximum and minimum temperatures during this period were 45.50C and 21.50C, respectively and the maximum and minimum relative humidity were 98% and 14 % respectively. Table No. 4.4
Meteorological Data as observed during the Study period (April-June2010)
Date Temperature Relative Wind Speed Wind Rainfall (0C) Humidity (%) (km/hr) Direction (mm) (To) Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. April 2010 01.04.2010 41.9 27.0 71.0 18.0 10.2 0.1 SSE Nil 02.04.2010 41.6 29.2 35.0 19.0 9.5 0.5 NW Nil 03.04.2010 42.9 29.0 48.2 16.0 6.1 1.0 S Nil 04.04.2010 42.7 27.8 95.1 19.2 5.6 0.5 NW Nil 05.04.2010 41.5 28.0 78.0 16.9 12.6 0.2 SW Nil 06.04.2010 41.9 28.4 43.2 16.0 12.0 0.6 SWW Nil 07.04.2010 42.4 28.4 38.7 16.0 10.7 0.1 W Nil 08.04.2010 42.5 27.9 82.0 14.0 12.6 0.9 ESE Nil 09.04.2010 42.4 28.4 28.0 14.0 15.7 0.1 W Nil 10.04.2010 43.5 30.4 27.9 14.0 17.2 0.5 W Nil 11.04.2010 44.4 28.2 37.5 14.0 13.0 0.5 SSW Nil 12.04.2010 44.9 27.0 73.6 15.1 8.4 0.2 SSW Nil 13.04.2010 43.4 28.0 98.0 25.0 11.0 3.3 E Nil 14.04.2010 42.2 29.4 95.0 28.3 8.8 3.0 ENE Nil 15.04.2010 41.8 29.0 97.0 27.0 14.4 4.7 E Nil
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 83 Date Temperature Relative Wind Speed Wind Rainfall (0C) Humidity (%) (km/hr) Direction (mm) (To) Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. 16.04.2010 42.6 28.5 95.6 25.0 9.7 2.5 E Nil 17.04.2010 45.4 28.5 98.0 16.0 12.5 5.2 SSE Nil 18.04.2010 44.9 29.0 89.0 19.6 13.2 1.0 NE Nil 19.04.2010 45.5 28.5 97.0 16.0 21.1 0.6 SSW Nil 20.04.2010 45.0 30.4 46.9 16.9 20.9 2.1 NW Nil 21.04.2010 45.4 27.5 29.0 16.0 11.2 4.5 SE Nil 22.04.2010 44.8 27.9 30.5 17.0 13.4 0.1 NW Nil 23.04.2010 43.7 29.4 60.4 18.0 11.4 0.2 NW Nil 24.04.2010 44.7 30.3 60.6 17.0 6.7 0.2 NW Nil 25.04.2010 43.9 30.8 36.0 15.0 10.5 0.7 NEE Nil 26.04.2010 44.5 29.5 53.0 16.0 11.2 0.9 WSW Nil 27.04.2010 41.5 27.0 88.0 31.0 16.3 2.9 WSW Nil 28.04.2010 40.0 24.0 92.0 39.8 16.5 4.4 SW 4.5 29.04.2010 35.1 24.0 87.0 47.0 16.1 1.9 WNW Nil 30.04.2010 38.9 26.2 94.0 42.0 11.5 3.5 W Nil May 2010 01.05.2010 38.5 28.0 87.0 43.0 16.4 3.6 NNW Nil 02.05.2010 36.1 28.4 74.6 39.8 9.8 1.0 SSE Nil 03.05.2010 38.9 27.5 83.1 35.1 13.8 1.4 NW 0.5 04.05.2010 34.9 23.0 86.0 47.5 15.8 3.6 NNE 5.0 05.05.2010 30.7 22.0 97.0 58.9 12.8 3.1 SW 5.2 06.05.2010 31.1 22.0 97.0 63.0 10.9 2.5 E Nil 07.05.2010 34.5 21.5 98.0 58.0 10.9 0.4 E 9.5 08.05.2010 37.5 22.5 97.0 39.3 6.2 0.8 N Nil 09.05.2010 41.4 27.9 94.0 24.0 8.6 0.7 SSW Nil 10.05.2010 42.6 28.5 83.0 25.7 7.2 0.2 W Nil 11.05.2010 43.5 30.0 71.0 23.0 8.6 1.3 N Nil 12.05.2010 44.8 30.0 99.0 18.6 8.7 0.9 SE Nil 13.05.2010 44.7 29.0 82.8 19.9 10.3 0.6 SSW Nil 14.05.2010 44.3 29.0 68.0 21.6 13.8 2.2 ESE Nil 15.05.2010 41.5 28.4 73.0 29.0 13.6 3.2 S Nil 16.05.2010 44.0 29.0 61.3 23.4 12.2 0.1 SE Nil 17.05.2010 39.0 28.3 97.0 57.9 13.0 2.4 WSW Nil 18.05.2010 37.0 26.4 90.7 52.0 13.4 2.4 W Nil 19.05.2010 36.8 28.5 91.0 51.9 15.3 7.4 NW Nil 20.05.2010 38.0 27.3 97.0 46.5 18.2 3.7 NNW Nil 21.05.2010 32.8 27.0 92.0 54.0 17.3 3.1 NNW Nil 22.05.2010 36.0 25.5 96.0 54.6 12.4 5.8 W Nil
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 84 Date Temperature Relative Wind Speed Wind Rainfall (0C) Humidity (%) (km/hr) Direction (mm) (To) Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. 23.05.2010 35.6 26.5 95.8 55.0 12.1 5.5 SEE Nil 24.05.2010 32.4 26.4 97.6 62.6 9.7 1.6 NE 9.0 25.05.2010 37.2 25.5 98.0 50.0 11.4 0.8 SW Nil 26.05.2010 38.5 24.6 96.0 53.9 21.7 1.6 SSW 1.5 27.05.2010 33.3 25.0 96.1 58.1 14.5 2.4 WSW Nil 28.05.2010 34.3 27.0 93.0 62.0 10.7 4.9 WSW Nil 29.05.2010 35.5 27.0 97.2 62.6 15.3 1.1 WSW 0.5 30.05.2010 38.7 26.0 94.6 64.6 15.2 1.1 NE 9.0 31.05.2010 40.9 26.7 91.0 42.8 20.0 0.4 N 9.0 June 2010 01.06.2010 42.5 27.5 98.0 32.9 10.2 2.3 NNW Nil 02.06.2010 45.5 29.9 98.0 20.0 8.6 2.6 SE Nil 03.06.2010 45.0 30.9 99.0 22.0 12.6 1.7 WNW Nil 04.06.2010 41.4 31.0 97.7 32.8 10.2 2.9 WSW Nil 05.06.2010 43.4 29.5 95.0 27.8 12.9 2.7 NE Nil 06.06.2010 42.5 30.2 96.0 32.0 9.5 1.2 NE Nil 07.06.2010 44.0 30.5 97.0 36.4 10.4 0.5 NNE Nil 08.06.2010 42.4 28.0 85.9 37.8 17.9 3.5 NW 2.0 09.06.2010 39.0 26.5 95.0 47.7 12.9 0.1 ESE 2.5 10.06.2010 39.4 27.0 92.0 36.6 10.8 2.1 SE Nil 11.06.2010 37.5 28.3 95.0 50.6 13.1 2.6 SE Nil 12.06.2010 37.2 28.2 97.0 51.0 14.8 5.2 ESE Nil 13.06.2010 36.5 27.5 95.0 55.8 12.5 4.3 WSW Nil 14.06.2010 37.6 28.8 92.0 51.0 9.9 3.4 WNW 0.5 15.06.2010 43.0 29.3 97.2 36.0 11.3 0.2 WSW Nil 16.06.2010 42.5 31.0 91.0 36.4 19.8 0.9 SW 4.5 17.06.2010 34.3 28.5 94.0 68.5 8.7 1.0 W 3.0 18.06.2010 36.2 27.1 98.0 59.9 11.2 1.3 WSW 3.5 19.06.2010 36.1 26.0 98.0 60.0 12.7 1.2 WSW 5.5 20.06.2010 36.2 27.0 98.0 58.0 7.4 0.5 ESE Nil 21.06.2010 40.0 29.0 95.0 48.0 11.1 2.8 NNE Nil 22.06.2010 39.9 28.7 98.0 51.0 11.2 2.3 W Nil 23.06.2010 32.9 26.3 98.0 77.9 10.1 2.2 SSW 10.5 24.06.2010 36.0 27.5 98.0 61.0 11.0 1.5 SSE Nil
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 85
4.3.3 Air Quality Modeling (Madhuband Washery)
Air quality modeling was done using ISCST3 Version 02035 of USEPA for the prediction of air pollution in terms of dust concentration and deposition in around the leasehold of the Madhuband Washery.
It was developed in the USA and is effectively used in computing the dust concentration and deposition from the different dust generating source like point, line and area sources.
The model is used to process the maximum of 121 sources and 1200 receptors for a given set of meteorology data. The model can give output for 1 hourly average, 3 hourly average, 8 hourly average and 24 hourly averages as required by the user.
Procedure
The emissions from all sources for different particle size were calculated. The co-ordinates of the different sources were also found. The meteorological data generated during the base line study of the area has been used in the model.
For calculating the emission from the different activities, the empirical equation, developed by the USEPA 1998 has been used. Estimation of Dust generation by various mining activities are given in Table-4.5.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 86
Table No. 4.5 Dust generation by various activities & control measures:
Operation / Activity Control method and emission reduction Transporting 50 % for metalled road (Water spraying @ 2 litres/m2/h) Dust generation at the conveyor point > 90 % for enclosures and dust extraction system Dust generation at unloading point > 90 % for enclosures and dust extraction system Dust generation due to truck loading/ 50 % with water spraying unloading
Table No. 4.6
SPM Generation at Coal Washery
1 Raw Coal Receiving point Total coal received in TPD = 16666 TPD a The dust generated at receiving point due to unloading from dumpers = 16666 TPD x 0.033 kg /te = 550 kg / day. Applying a control factor of 50 %, the quantity of the effective dust generated = 275 kg/day. b Dust generated at inlet point of conveyor belt = 16666 TPD x 0.075 kg/ te = 1250 kg/day. Application of control factor of 90%, the quantity of the effective dust generated = 125 kg/day. 2 Crusher House The dust generated during crushing by feeding to the Rotary Breaker = 16666 TPD x 2.0 kg /te = 33332 kg / day. Application of control factor of 90%, dust generated = 3333 kg/day 3 Receiving at Conveyor to the Tube Stacker Dust generated at inlet point of conveyor belt = 16666 TPD x 0.075 kg/ te = 1250 kg/day. Application of control factor of 90%, the quantity of the effective dust generated = 125 kg/day. 4 Unloading at Tube Stacker Point/Ground Hopper Dust generated at unloading point of conveyor belt = 16666 TPD x 1.15 kg/ te = 19166 kg/day. Applying control factor of 90%, dust generated = 1917 kg/day 5 Loading onto Conveyor for washing Dust generated at inlet point of conveyor belt = 16666 TPD x 0.075 kg/ te = 1250 kg/day. Application of control factor of 90%, the quantity of the effective dust generated = 125 kg/day. 6 Outlet from Washery to Conveyor upto Railway siding As the process of washing facilitates 100% removal of dust, there will be no effective dust produced at this point. Total SPM generated from washery due to above activities=275+125+3333+125+1917+125 = 5900 kg/day Area of Coal Washery=230000 m2 Emission factor for Coal Washery= 5900*1000/230000*24*60*60= 2.96*10-4 gm/m2/s
SPM Generation due to Coal transportation to Washery from feeder mines.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 87 Road Transportation of Coal Roads J to Q Coal Transport/ day = 0.20*1000000/300=667 TPD No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 30*2 = 60 trips VKT = 5.62 km *60 trips = 337 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*337 = 67.44 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 33.72 kg/day (A) Area of road = 5620*20 = 112400 m2 (B) Emission factor for roads J to Q = A/B = 3.47* 10-6 g/ m2/s Roads S & T Coal Transport/ day = 0.90*1000000/300 = 3000 TPD No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 136*2 = 272 trips VKT = 1.72 km *272 trips = 468 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*468 = 93.57 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 46.78 kg/day (A) Area of road = 1725*20 = 34500 m2 (B) Emission factor for roads S & T = A/B = 1.57 * 10-5 g/ m2/s Road U Coal Transport/ day = 2.7*1000000/300 = 9000 TPD No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 409*2 = 818 trips VKT = 0.66 km *818 trips = 540 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*540 = 108 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 54 kg/day (A) Area of road = 662*20 = 13240 m2 (B) Emission factor for road U = A/B = 4.72 * 10-5 g/ m2/s
Road R No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 272+818 = 1090 trips VKT = 0.61 km * 1090 trips = 665 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*665 = 133 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 66.5 kg/day (A) Area of road = 610*20 = 12200 m2 (B) Emission factor for road R = A/B = 6.31 * 10-5 g/ m2/s Roads B to I No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 1090+60 = 1150 trips VKT = 5.21 km *1150 trips = 5992 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*5992 = 1198 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 599 kg/day (A) Area of road = 5213*20 = 104260 m2 (B) Emission factor for roads B to I = A/B = 6.65* 10-5 g/ m2/s Road A Coal Transport/ day = 1.2*1000000/300 = 4000 TPD No. of trips to and fro for 22 te dumpers = 182*2 = 364 trips VKT = 1.17 km * 364 trips = 425 Dust generated @ 0.2 kg/vkt= 0.2*425 = 85 kg/day Using control factor of 50 %, effective dust generated = 42.5 kg/day (A) Area of road = 1170*20 = 23400 m2 (B) Emission factor for road U = A/B = 2.1 * 10-5 g/ m2/s
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 88
Output file of the ISCST3 modeling for Ambient Air Quality prediction is given in the Table no. 4.7 given below
Table No. 4.7 OUTPUT FILE
CO STARTING CO TITLEONE AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) CO MODELOPT DFAULT RURAL CONC CO AVERTIME 8 24 CO POLLUTID SPM CO RUNORNOT RUN CO ERRORFIL ERRORS.OUT CO FINISHED SO STARTING
** Parameters: SRCID SRCTYP XS YS ZS ** Area Sources SO LOCATION MCW AREA 10600 10500 0 SO LOCATION A1 AREA 10600 10500 0 SO LOCATION A2 AREA 10700 10317 0 SO LOCATION A3 AREA 10800 10133 0 SO LOCATION A4 AREA 10900 9950 0 SO LOCATION A5 AREA 11000 9767 0 SO LOCATION A6 AREA 11100 9583 0 SO LOCATION B1 AREA 10200 10900 0 SO LOCATION B2 AREA 10330 10767 0 SO LOCATION B3 AREA 10467 10633 0 SO LOCATION C1 AREA 10200 10900 0 SO LOCATION C2 AREA 10380 10940 0 SO LOCATION C3 AREA 10560 10980 0 SO LOCATION C4 AREA 10740 11020 0 SO LOCATION C5 AREA 10920 11060 0 SO LOCATION D1 AREA 11100 11100 0 SO LOCATION E1 AREA 11400 11500 0 SO LOCATION E2 AREA 11550 11600 0 SO LOCATION F1 AREA 11700 11700 0 SO LOCATION F2 AREA 11950 11650 0 SO LOCATION G1 AREA 12200 11600 0 SO LOCATION G2 AREA 12400 11600 0 SO LOCATION H1 AREA 12600 11600 0 SO LOCATION H2 AREA 12817 11550 0 SO LOCATION H3 AREA 13033 11500 0 SO LOCATION H4 AREA 13250 11450 0 SO LOCATION H5 AREA 13467 11400 0 SO LOCATION H6 AREA 13683 11350 0 SO LOCATION I1 AREA 13900 11300 0 SO LOCATION I2 AREA 14050 11475 0 SO LOCATION I3 AREA 14200 11650 0 SO LOCATION I4 AREA 14350 11825 0 SO LOCATION J1 AREA 14500 12000 0 SO LOCATION J2 AREA 14700 12050 0
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 89 SO LOCATION K1 AREA 14900 12100 0 SO LOCATION K2 AREA 15100 12300 0 SO LOCATION K3 AREA 15300 12500 0 SO LOCATION K4 AREA 15500 12700 0 SO LOCATION L1 AREA 15700 12900 0 SO LOCATION L2 AREA 15850 13000 0 SO LOCATION M1 AREA 16000 13100 0 SO LOCATION M2 AREA 16225 13275 0 SO LOCATION M3 AREA 16450 13450 0 SO LOCATION M4 AREA 16675 13625 0 SO LOCATION N1 AREA 16900 13800 0 SO LOCATION N2 AREA 17125 13800 0 SO LOCATION N3 AREA 17350 13800 0 SO LOCATION N4 AREA 17575 13800 0 SO LOCATION O1 AREA 17800 13800 0 SO LOCATION O2 AREA 17983 13717 0 SO LOCATION O3 AREA 18167 13633 0 SO LOCATION O4 AREA 18350 13550 0 SO LOCATION O5 AREA 18533 13467 0 SO LOCATION O6 AREA 18717 13383 0 SO LOCATION P1 AREA 18900 13300 0 SO LOCATION P2 AREA 19150 13400 0 SO LOCATION Q1 AREA 19400 13500 0 SO LOCATION Q2 AREA 19633 13533 0 SO LOCATION Q3 AREA 19867 13567 0 SO LOCATION R1 AREA 14500 12000 0 SO LOCATION R2 AREA 14533 11800 0 SO LOCATION R3 AREA 14566 11600 0 SO LOCATION S1 AREA 14600 11400 0 SO LOCATION S2 AREA 14600 11100 0 SO LOCATION T1 AREA 14600 10800 0 SO LOCATION T2 AREA 14800 10717 0 SO LOCATION T3 AREA 15000 10633 0 SO LOCATION T4 AREA 15200 10550 0 SO LOCATION T5 AREA 15400 10467 0 SO LOCATION T6 AREA 15600 10383 0 SO LOCATION U1 AREA 14600 11400 0 SO LOCATION U2 AREA 14833 11300 0 SO LOCATION U3 AREA 15066 11200 0
** Parameters SRCID QS HS XINIT YINIT ANGLE SZNIT SO SRCPARAM MCW 2.94E-04 5 500 460 0 0 SO SRCPARAM A1 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM A2 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM A3 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM A4 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM A5 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM A6 2.10E-05 0 195 20 61 0 SO SRCPARAM B1 6.65E-05 0 200 20 44 0 SO SRCPARAM B2 6.65E-05 0 200 20 44 0 SO SRCPARAM B3 6.65E-05 0 200 20 44 0 SO SRCPARAM C1 6.65E-05 0 20 191 73 0 SO SRCPARAM C2 6.65E-05 0 20 191 73 0 SO SRCPARAM C3 6.65E-05 0 20 191 73 0 SO SRCPARAM C4 6.65E-05 0 20 191 73 0
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 90 SO SRCPARAM C5 6.65E-05 0 20 191 73 0 SO SRCPARAM D1 6.65E-05 0 25 234 31 0 SO SRCPARAM E1 6.65E-05 0 20 186 64 0 SO SRCPARAM E2 6.65E-05 0 20 186 64 0 SO SRCPARAM F1 6.65E-05 0 233 25 14 0 SO SRCPARAM F2 6.65E-05 0 233 25 14 0 SO SRCPARAM G1 6.65E-05 0 21 205 87 0 SO SRCPARAM G2 6.65E-05 0 21 205 87 0 SO SRCPARAM H1 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM H2 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM H3 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM H4 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM H5 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM H6 6.65E-05 0 215 22 11 0 SO SRCPARAM I1 6.65E-05 0 23 222 45 0 SO SRCPARAM I2 6.65E-05 0 23 222 45 0 SO SRCPARAM I3 6.65E-05 0 23 222 45 0 SO SRCPARAM I4 6.65E-05 0 23 222 45 0 SO SRCPARAM J1 3.47E-06 0 23 227 71 0 SO SRCPARAM J2 3.47E-06 0 23 227 71 0 SO SRCPARAM K1 3.47E-06 0 19 184 43 0 SO SRCPARAM K2 3.47E-06 0 19 184 43 0 SO SRCPARAM K3 3.47E-06 0 19 184 43 0 SO SRCPARAM K4 3.47E-06 0 19 184 43 0 SO SRCPARAM L1 3.47E-06 0 19 185 63 0 SO SRCPARAM L2 3.47E-06 0 19 185 63 0 SO SRCPARAM M1 3.47E-06 0 22 219 50 0 SO SRCPARAM M2 3.47E-06 0 22 219 50 0 SO SRCPARAM M3 3.47E-06 0 22 219 50 0 SO SRCPARAM M4 3.47E-06 0 22 219 50 0 SO SRCPARAM N1 3.47E-06 0 216 22 0 0 SO SRCPARAM N2 3.47E-06 0 216 22 0 0 SO SRCPARAM N3 3.47E-06 0 216 22 0 0 SO SRCPARAM N4 3.47E-06 0 216 22 0 0 SO SRCPARAM O1 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM O2 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM O3 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM O4 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM O5 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM O6 3.47E-06 0 186 19 24 0 SO SRCPARAM P1 3.47E-06 0 26 255 63 0 SO SRCPARAM P2 3.47E-06 0 26 255 63 0 SO SRCPARAM Q1 3.47E-06 0 24 233 84 0 SO SRCPARAM Q2 3.47E-06 0 24 233 84 0 SO SRCPARAM Q3 3.47E-06 0 24 233 84 0 SO SRCPARAM R1 6.31E-05 0 203 21 78 0 SO SRCPARAM R2 6.31E-05 0 203 21 78 0 SO SRCPARAM R3 6.31E-05 0 203 21 78 0 SO SRCPARAM S1 1.57E-05 0 289 29 90 0 SO SRCPARAM S2 1.57E-05 0 289 29 90 0 SO SRCPARAM T1 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0 SO SRCPARAM T2 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0 SO SRCPARAM T3 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0 SO SRCPARAM T4 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0 SO SRCPARAM T5 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 91 SO SRCPARAM T6 1.57E-05 0 191 20 23 0 SO SRCPARAM U1 4.72E-05 0 221 23 24 0 SO SRCPARAM U2 4.72E-05 0 221 23 24 0 SO SRCPARAM U3 4.72E-05 0 221 23 24 0 SO SRCGROUP ALL SO FINISHED
RE STARTING ** Parameters XS YS ** -- -- ** Core Zone ** MW, Behind GM's Office (A1) RE DISCCART 10800 10600 ** Buffer Zone ** CISF Camp (A2) RE DISCCART 14800 11700 ** Ghutway Village (A3) RE DISCCART 8800 8100 ** Khanoodih Village (A4) RE DISCCART 10600 9800 ** Nehru Nagar (A5) RE DISCCART 11600 8200 ** ISM, Dhanbad (A6) RE DISCCART 9400 9100 RE GRIDPOLR POL1 STA ORIG 10000.0 10000.0 DIST 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 GDIR 36 10 10 RE GRIDPOLR POL1 END RE FINISHED ME STARTING INPUTFIL MCW.MET ANEMHGHT 10.0 METERS SURFDATA 00000 2010 MCW UAIRDATA 00000 2010 MCW ME FINISHED
OU STARTING RECTABLE 24 FIRST MAXTABLE 8 24 PLOTFILE 24 ALL FIRST MCWN.DAT OU FINISHED
*********************************** *** SETUP Finishes Successfully *** ***********************************
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 92 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 1 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** MODEL SETUP OPTIONS SUMMARY *** ------
**Intermediate Terrain Processing is Selected
**Model Is Setup For Calculation of Average CONCentration Values.
-- SCAVENGING/DEPOSITION LOGIC -- **Model Uses NO DRY DEPLETION. DDPLETE = F **Model Uses NO WET DEPLETION. WDPLETE = F **NO WET SCAVENGING Data Provided. **NO GAS DRY DEPOSITION Data Provided. **Model Does NOT Use GRIDDED TERRAIN Data for Depletion Calculations
**Model Uses RURAL Dispersion.
**Model Uses Regulatory DEFAULT Options: 1. Final Plume Rise. 2. Stack-tip Downwash. 3. Buoyancy-induced Dispersion. 4. Use Calms Processing Routine. 5. Not Use Missing Data Processing Routine. 6. Default Wind Profile Exponents. 7. Default Vertical Potential Temperature Gradients. 8. "Upper Bound" Values for Supersquat Buildings. 9. No Exponential Decay for RURAL Mode
**Model Assumes Receptors on FLAT Terrain.
**Model Assumes No FLAGPOLE Receptor Heights.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 93 **Model Calculates 2 Short Term Average(s) of: 8-HR 24-HR
**This Run Includes: 73 Source(s); 1 Source Group(s); and 366 Receptor(s)
**The Model Assumes A Pollutant Type of: SPM
**Model Set To Continue RUNning After the Setup Testing.
**Output Options Selected: Model Outputs Tables of Highest Short Term Values by Receptor (RECTABLE Keyword) Model Outputs Tables of Overall Maximum Short Term Values (MAXTABLE Keyword) Model Outputs External File(s) of High Values for Plotting (PLOTFILE Keyword)
**NOTE: The Following Flags May Appear Following CONC Values: c for Calm Hours m for Missing Hours b for Both Calm and Missing Hours
**Misc. Inputs: Anem. Hgt. (m) = 10.00 ; Decay Coef. = 0.000 ; Rot. Angle = 0.0 Emission Units = GRAMS/SEC ; Emission Rate Unit Factor = 0.10000E+07 Output Units = MICROGRAMS/M**3
**Approximate Storage Requirements of Model = 1.3 MB of RAM.
**Input Runstream File: mcw.inp **Output Print File: mcw.out **Detailed Error/Message File : ERRORS.OUT
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 2 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** AREA SOURCE DATA ***
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 94 NUMBER EMISSION RATE COORD (SW CORNER) BASE RELEASE X-DIM Y-DIM ORIENT. INIT. EMISSION RATE SOURCE PART. (GRAMS/SEC X Y ELEV. HEIGHT OF AREA OF AREA OF AREA SZ SCALAR VARY ID CATS. /METER**2) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (DEG.) (METERS) BY ------
MCW 0 0.29400E-03 10600.0 10500.0 0.0 5.00 500.00 460.00 0.00 0.00 A1 0 0.21000E-04 10600.0 10500.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 A2 0 0.21000E-04 10700.0 10317.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 A3 0 0.21000E-04 10800.0 10133.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 A4 0 0.21000E-04 10900.0 9950.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 A5 0 0.21000E-04 11000.0 9767.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 A6 0 0.21000E-04 11100.0 9583.0 0.0 0.00 195.00 20.00 61.00 0.00 B1 0 0.66500E-04 10200.0 10900.0 0.0 0.00 200.00 20.00 44.00 0.00 B2 0 0.66500E-04 10330.0 10767.0 0.0 0.00 200.00 20.00 44.00 0.00 B3 0 0.66500E-04 10467.0 10633.0 0.0 0.00 200.00 20.00 44.00 0.00 C1 0 0.66500E-04 10200.0 10900.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 191.00 73.00 0.00 C2 0 0.66500E-04 10380.0 10940.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 191.00 73.00 0.00 C3 0 0.66500E-04 10560.0 10980.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 191.00 73.00 0.00 C4 0 0.66500E-04 10740.0 11020.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 191.00 73.00 0.00 C5 0 0.66500E-04 10920.0 11060.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 191.00 73.00 0.00 D1 0 0.66500E-04 11100.0 11100.0 0.0 0.00 25.00 234.00 31.00 0.00 E1 0 0.66500E-04 11400.0 11500.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 186.00 64.00 0.00 E2 0 0.66500E-04 11550.0 11600.0 0.0 0.00 20.00 186.00 64.00 0.00 F1 0 0.66500E-04 11700.0 11700.0 0.0 0.00 33.00 25.00 14.00 0.00 F2 0 0.66500E-04 11950.0 11650.0 0.0 0.00 233.00 25.00 14.00 0.00 G1 0 0.66500E-04 12200.0 11600.0 0.0 0.00 21.00 205.00 87.00 0.00 G2 0 0.66500E-04 12400.0 11600.0 0.0 0.00 21.00 205.00 87.00 0.00 H1 0 0.66500E-04 12600.0 11600.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 H2 0 0.66500E-04 12817.0 11550.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 H3 0 0.66500E-04 13033.0 11500.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 H4 0 0.66500E-04 13250.0 11450.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 H5 0 0.66500E-04 13467.0 11400.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 H6 0 0.66500E-04 13683.0 11350.0 0.0 0.00 215.00 22.00 11.00 0.00 I1 0 0.66500E-04 13900.0 11300.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 222.00 45.00 0.00 I2 0 0.66500E-04 14050.0 11475.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 222.00 45.00 0.00 I3 0 0.66500E-04 14200.0 11650.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 222.00 45.00 0.00
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 95 I4 0 0.66500E-04 14350.0 11825.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 222.00 45.00 0.00 J1 0 0.34700E-05 14500.0 12000.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 227.00 71.00 0.00 J2 0 0.34700E-05 14700.0 12050.0 0.0 0.00 23.00 227.00 71.00 0.00 K1 0 0.34700E-05 14900.0 12100.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 184.00 43.00 0.00 K2 0 0.34700E-05 15100.0 12300.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 184.00 43.00 0.00 K3 0 0.34700E-05 15300.0 12500.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 184.00 43.00 0.00 K4 0 0.34700E-05 15500.0 12700.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 184.00 43.00 0.00 L1 0 0.34700E-05 15700.0 12900.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 185.00 63.00 0.00 L2 0 0.34700E-05 15850.0 13000.0 0.0 0.00 19.00 185.00 63.00 0.00
*** *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 3 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** AREA SOURCE DATA ***
NUMBER EMISSION RATE COORD (SW CORNER) BASE RELEASE X-DIM Y-DIM ORIENT. INIT. EMISSION RATE SOURCE PART. (GRAMS/SEC X Y ELEV. HEIGHT OF AREA OF AREA OF AREA SZ SCALAR VARY ID CATS. /METER**2) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (DEG.) (METERS) BY ------
M1 0 0.34700E-05 16000.0 13100.0 0.0 0.00 22.00 219.00 50.00 0.00 M2 0 0.34700E-05 16225.0 13275.0 0.0 0.00 22.00 219.00 50.00 0.00 M3 0 0.34700E-05 16450.0 13450.0 0.0 0.00 22.00 219.00 50.00 0.00 M4 0 0.34700E-05 16675.0 13625.0 0.0 0.00 22.00 219.00 50.00 0.00 N1 0 0.34700E-05 16900.0 13800.0 0.0 0.00 216.00 22.00 0.00 0.00 N2 0 0.34700E-05 17125.0 13800.0 0.0 0.00 216.00 22.00 0.00 0.00 N3 0 0.34700E-05 17350.0 13800.0 0.0 0.00 216.00 22.00 0.00 0.00 N4 0 0.34700E-05 17575.0 13800.0 0.0 0.00 216.00 22.00 0.00 0.00 O1 0 0.34700E-05 17800.0 13800.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00 O2 0 0.34700E-05 17983.0 13717.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00 O3 0 0.34700E-05 18167.0 13633.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 96 O4 0 0.34700E-05 18350.0 13550.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00 O5 0 0.34700E-05 18533.0 13467.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00 O6 0 0.34700E-05 18717.0 13383.0 0.0 0.00 186.00 19.00 24.00 0.00 P1 0 0.34700E-05 18900.0 13300.0 0.0 0.00 26.00 255.00 63.00 0.00 P2 0 0.34700E-05 19150.0 13400.0 0.0 0.00 26.00 255.00 63.00 0.00 Q1 0 0.34700E-05 19400.0 13500.0 0.0 0.00 24.00 233.00 84.00 0.00 Q2 0 0.34700E-05 19633.0 13533.0 0.0 0.00 24.00 233.00 84.00 0.00 Q3 0 0.34700E-05 19867.0 13567.0 0.0 0.00 24.00 233.00 84.00 0.00 R1 0 0.63100E-04 14500.0 12000.0 0.0 0.00 203.00 21.00 78.00 0.00 R2 0 0.63100E-04 14533.0 11800.0 0.0 0.00 203.00 21.00 78.00 0.00 R3 0 0.63100E-04 14566.0 11600.0 0.0 0.00 203.00 21.00 78.00 0.00 S1 0 0.15700E-04 14600.0 11400.0 0.0 0.00 289.00 29.00 90.00 0.00 S2 0 0.15700E-04 14600.0 11100.0 0.0 0.00 289.00 29.00 90.00 0.00 T1 0 0.15700E-04 14600.0 10800.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 T2 0 0.15700E-04 14800.0 10717.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 T3 0 0.15700E-04 15000.0 10633.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 T4 0 0.15700E-04 15200.0 10550.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 T5 0 0.15700E-04 15400.0 10467.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 T6 0 0.15700E-04 15600.0 10383.0 0.0 0.00 191.00 20.00 23.00 0.00 U1 0 0.47200E-04 14600.0 11400.0 0.0 0.00 221.00 23.00 24.00 0.00 U2 0 0.47200E-04 14833.0 11300.0 0.0 0.00 221.00 23.00 24.00 0.00 U3 0 0.47200E-04 15066.0 11200.0 0.0 0.00 221.00 23.00 24.00 0.00
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 4 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** SOURCE IDs DEFINING SOURCE GROUPS ***
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 97
GROUP ID SOURCE IDs
ALL MCW , A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 , B1 , B2 , B3 , C1 , C2 ,
, C3 , C4 , C5 , D1 , E1 , E2 , F1 , F2 , G1 , G2 , H1 , H2 ,
H3 , H4 , H5 , H6 , I1 , I2 , I3 , I4 , J1 , J2 , K1 , K2 ,
K3 , K4 , L1 , L2 , M1 , M2 , M3 , M4 , N1 , N2 , N3 , N4 ,
O1 , O2 , O3 , O4 , O5 , O6 , P1 , P2 , Q1 , Q2 , Q3 , R1 ,
R2 , R3 , S1 , S2 , T1 , T2 , T3 , T4 , T5 , T6 , U1 , U2 ,
U3 ,
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 5 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** GRIDDED RECEPTOR NETWORK SUMMARY ***
*** NETWORK ID: POL1 ; NETWORK TYPE: GRIDPOLR ***
*** ORIGIN FOR POLAR NETWORK *** X-ORIG = 10000.00 ; Y-ORIG = 10000.00 (METERS)
*** DISTANCE RANGES OF NETWORK *** (METERS)
1000.0, 2000.0, 3000.0, 4000.0, 5000.0, 6000.0, 7000.0, 8000.0, 9000.0, 10000.0,
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 98
*** DIRECTION RADIALS OF NETWORK *** (DEGREES)
10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0, 110.0, 120.0, 130.0, 140.0, 150.0, 160.0, 170.0, 180.0, 190.0, 200.0, 210.0, 220.0, 230.0, 240.0, 250.0, 260.0, 270.0, 280.0, 290.0, 300.0, 310.0, 320.0, 330.0, 340.0, 350.0, 360.0,
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 99 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 6 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** DISCRETE CARTESIAN RECEPTORS *** (X-COORD, Y-COORD, ZELEV, ZFLAG) (METERS)
( 10800.0, 10600.0, 0.0, 0.0); ( 14800.0, 11700.0, 0.0, 0.0); ( 8800.0, 8100.0, 0.0, 0.0); ( 10600.0, 9800.0, 0.0, 0.0); ( 11600.0, 8200.0, 0.0, 0.0); ( 9400.0, 9100.0, 0.0, 0.0);
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 7 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** METEOROLOGICAL DAYS SELECTED FOR PROCESSING *** (1=YES; 0=NO)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NOTE: METEOROLOGICAL DATA ACTUALLY PROCESSED WILL ALSO DEPEND ON WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE DATA FILE.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 100 *** UPPER BOUND OF FIRST THROUGH FIFTH WIND SPEED CATEGORIES *** (METERS/SEC)
1.54, 3.09, 5.14, 8.23, 10.80,
*** WIND PROFILE EXPONENTS ***
STABILITY WIND SPEED CATEGORY CATEGORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 A .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 B .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 .70000E-01 C .10000E+00 .10000E+00 .10000E+00 .10000E+00 .10000E+00 .10000E+00 D .15000E+00 .15000E+00 .15000E+00 .15000E+00 .15000E+00 .15000E+00 E .35000E+00 .35000E+00 .35000E+00 .35000E+00 .35000E+00 .35000E+00 F .55000E+00 .55000E+00 .55000E+00 .55000E+00 .55000E+00 .55000E+00
*** VERTICAL POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS *** (DEGREES KELVIN PER METER)
STABILITY WIND SPEED CATEGORY CATEGORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 A .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 B .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 C .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 D .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 .00000E+00 E .20000E-01 .20000E-01 .20000E-01 .20000E-01 . 20000E-01 .20000E-01 F .35000E-01 . 35000E-01 .35000E-01 . 35000E-01 . 35000E-01 .35000E-01
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 101 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 8 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE FIRST 24 HOURS OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA ***
FILE: MCW.MET FORMAT: (4I2,2F9.4,F6.1,I2,2F7.1,f9.4,f10.1,f8.4,i4,f7.2) SURFACE STATION NO.: 0 UPPER AIR STATION NO.: 0 NAME: MCW NAME: MCW YEAR: 2010 YEAR: 2010
FLOW SPEED TEMP STAB MIXING HEIGHT (M) USTAR M-O LENGTH Z-0 IPCODE PRATE YR MN DY HR VECTOR (M/S) (K) CLASS RURAL URBAN (M/S) (M) (M) (mm/HR) ------
10 05 01 01 180.0 6.30 298.0 4 1000.0 384.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 02 180.0 5.10 295.0 4 1000.0 387.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 03 180.0 2.50 294.0 4 1000.0 391.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 04 180.0 1.50 292.0 4 1000.0 394.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 05 202.5 1.50 290.0 4 1000.0 397.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 06 202.5 3.50 299.0 3 1000.0 400.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 07 202.5 7.10 303.0 3 1000.0 403.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 08 202.5 3.20 305.0 3 1000.0 407.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 09 225.0 3.10 304.0 3 1000.0 410.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 10 225.0 6.30 310.0 3 1000.0 413.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 11 225.0 4.50 312.0 3 1000.0 416.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 12 225.0 5.80 311.0 2 1000.0 419.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 13 247.5 6.90 310.0 2 1000.0 422.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 14 247.5 6.70 313.0 2 1000.0 426.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 15 247.5 7.50 312.0 3 1000.0 426.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 16 247.5 7.90 311.0 4 1000.0 426.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 17 270.0 5.60 305.0 5 1000.0 412.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 18 270.0 4.50 306.0 6 1000.0 379.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 102 10 05 01 19 270.0 5.10 300.0 7 1000.0 346.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 20 270.0 6.10 300.0 6 1000.0 313.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 21 270.5 0.00 300.0 6 1000.0 280.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 22 270.5 0.00 300.0 6 1000.0 247.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 23 270.5 0.00 299.0 6 1000.0 214.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00 10 05 01 24 270.5 0.00 299.0 6 1000.0 182.0 0.0000 0.0 0.0000 0 0.00
*** NOTES: STABILITY CLASS 1=A, 2=B, 3=C, 4=D, 5=E AND 6=F. FLOW VECTOR IS DIRECTION TOWARD WHICH WIND IS BLOWING.
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 9 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE 1ST HIGHEST 24-HR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION VALUES FOR SOURCE GROUP: ALL *** INCLUDING SOURCE(S): MCW , A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 , B1 , B2 , B3 , C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 , C5 , D1 , E1 , E2 , F1 , F2 , G1 , G2 , H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 , H5 , H6 , I1 , I2 , . . . ,
*** NETWORK ID: POL1 ; NETWORK TYPE: GRIDPOLR ***
** CONC OF SPM IN MICROGRAMS/M**3 **
DIRECTION | DISTANCE (METERS) (DEGREES) | 1000.00 2000.00 3000.00 4000.00 5000.00 ------
10.0 | 81.99647c (10050124) 1.72034c(10050124) 0.09606c(10050124) 0.13700c(10050124) 0.00001c(10050124) 20.0 | 852.22821c (10050124) 2.54287c(10050124) 0.07157c(10050124) 0.25910c(10050124) 0.00005c(10050124) 30.0 | 573.59357c (10050124) 8.46707c(10050124) 0.05739c(10050124) 0.28745c(10050124) 0.00172c(10050124) 40.0 | 1309.67590c (10050124) 38.34794c(10050124) 0.07412c(10050124) 0.14027c(10050124) 0.29402c(10050124) 50.0 | 1549.76367c (10050124) 24.47491c(10050124) 3.34019c(10050124) 0.08168c(10050124) 0.21476c(10050124)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 103 60.0 | 1578.31323c (10050124) 9.91612c(10050124) 68.11514c(10050124) 2.75190c(10050124) 0.15821c(10050124) 70.0 | 811.54474c (10050124) 7.13688c(10050124) 11.35961c(10050124) 23.92430c(10050124) 0.86222c(10050124) 80.0 | 408.82550c (10050124) 5.34128c(10050124) 7.29188c(10050124) 12.13975c(10050124) 8.03518c(10050124) 90.0 | 307.68954c (10050124) 4.14688c(10050124) 4.18934c(10050124) 5.94040c(10050124) 3.32397c(10050124) 100.0 | 370.04404c (10050124) 3.69541c(10050124) 3.47977c(10050124) 3.85245c(10050124) 2.14242c(10050124) 110.0 | 245.55420c (10050124) 3.32264c(10050124) 3.11494c(10050124) 2.67984c(10050124) 2.97455c(10050124) 120.0 | 220.71992c (10050124) 3.00208c(10050124) 2.65731c(10050124) 2.21763c(10050124) 2.23928c(10050124) 130.0 | 199.80782c (10050124) 2.61164c(10050124) 2.25865c(10050124) 2.10780c(10050124) 1.44151c(10050124) 140.0 | 146.60628c (10050124) 16.28370c(10050124) 2.03530c(10050124) 2.10413c(10050124) 1.29122c(10050124) 150.0 | 81.72842c (10050124) 102.08663c(10050124) 4.48097c(10050124) 2.02584c(10050124) 1.52588c(10050124) 160.0 | 91.66659c (10050124) 93.07170c(10050124) 67.54147c(10050124) 15.99060c(10050124) 3.86082c(10050124) 170.0 | 110.49636c(10050124) 16.72929c(10050124) 40.00474c(10050124) 53.11937c(10050124) 46.57571c(10050124) 180.0 | 94.54226c(10050124) 40.24864c(10050124) 6.43376c(10050124) 3.22032c(10050124) 3.90438c(10050124) 190.0 | 47.46638c(10050124) 62.43008c(10050124) 39.94311c(10050124) 19.63279c(10050124) 9.39501c(10050124) 200.0 | 22.70978c(10050124) 18.93115c(10050124) 21.25155c(10050124) 21.17519c(10050124) 19.59431c(10050124) 210.0 | 25.42265c(10050124) 8.13840c(10050124) 3.53252c(10050124) 2.01088c(10050124) 1.36464c(10050124) 220.0 | 29.50861c(10050124) 15.04911c(10050124) 8.88009c(10050124) 5.80860c(10050124) 4.09761c(10050124) 230.0 | 24.38040c(10050124) 11.99787c(10050124) 7.09723c(10050124) 4.67495c(10050124) 3.32456c(10050124) 240.0 | 15.74752c(10050124) 4.91432c(10050124) 2.30045c(10050124) 1.35826c(10050124) 0.92880c(10050124) 250.0 | 14.39563c(10050124) 9.17940c(10050124) 7.56049c(10050124) 6.25400c(10050124) 5.17737c(10050124) 260.0 | 21.94075c(10050124) 14.21977c(10050124) 6.73735c(10050124) 3.00454c(10050124) 1.46672c(10050124) 270.0 | 25.18107c(10050124) 5.54784c(10050124) 1.35855c(10050124) 0.86330c(10050124) 1.03496c(10050124) 280.0 | 19.40313c(10050124) 9.91150c(10050124) 77.51013c(10050124) 105.61411c(10050124) 78.00899c(10050124) 290.0 | 12.57805c(10050124) 155.59341c(10050124) 44.39309c(10050124) 6.35674c(10050124) 5.34478c(10050124) 300.0 | 108.13963c(10050124) 58.86832c(10050124) 8.28284c(10050124) 1.52328c(10050124) 0.10808c(10050124) 310.0 | 214.45122c(10050124) 5.59860c(10050124) 2.07764c(10050124) 0.06613c(10050124) 0.13543c(10050124) 320.0 | 226.08823c(10050124) 11.06528c(10050124) 0.20005c(10050124) 0.11093c(10050124) 0.14575c(10050124) 330.0 | 235.80472c(10050124) 7.63509c(10050124) 0.05358c(10050124) 0.19763c(10050124) 0.01883c(10050124) 340.0 | 189.95628c(10050124) 2.41731c(10050124) 0.06828c(10050124) 0.19110c(10050124) 0.00097c(10050124) 350.0 | 84.29034c(10050124) 1.59531c(10050124) 0.09270c(10050124) 0.12845c(10050124) 0.00009c(10050124) 360.0 | 48.85358c(10050124) 1.40999c(10050124) 0.10463c(10050124) 0.10032c(10050124) 0.00002c(10050124)
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 10
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 104 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE 1ST HIGHEST 24-HR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION VALUES FOR SOURCE GROUP: ALL *** INCLUDING SOURCE(S): MCW , A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 , B1 , B2 , B3 , C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 , C5 , D1 , E1 , E2 , F1 , F2 , G1 , G2 , H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 , H5 , H6 , I1 , I2 , . . . ,
*** NETWORK ID: POL1 ; NETWORK TYPE: GRIDPOLR ***
** CONC OF SPM IN MICROGRAMS/M**3 **
DIRECTION | DISTANCE (METERS) (DEGREES) | 6000.00 7000.00 8000.00 9000.00 10000.00 ------10.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 20.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 30.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 40.0 | 0.00000c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 50.0 | 0.36021c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 60.0 | 0.36442c(10050124) 0.90523c(10050124) 0.00011c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 70.0 | 0.31141c(10050124) 0.25222c(10050124) 0.28321c(10050124) 0.67840c(10050124) 2.49319c(10050124) 80.0 | 0.15608c(10050124) 0.12940c(10050124) 0.13169c(10050124) 0.16626c(10050124) 0.09842c(10050124) 90.0 | 0.11610c(10050124) 0.08817c(10050124) 0.10124c(10050124) 0.07344c(10050124) 0.04415c(10050124) 100.0 | 0.12410c(10050124) 0.07889c(10050124) 0.06842c(10050124) 0.05147c(10050124) 0.04081c(10050124) 110.0 | 0.35354c(10050124) 0.07276c(10050124) 0.05340c(10050124) 0.03845c(10050124) 0.04310c(10050124) 120.0 | 0.85766c(10050124) 0.09487c(10050124) 0.05002c(10050124) 0.03368c(10050124) 0.03488c(10050124) 130.0 | 1.81235c(10050124) 0.54808c(10050124) 0.08518c(10050124) 0.03493c(10050124) 0.02923c(10050124) 140.0 | 1.16233c(10050124) 1.43831c(10050124) 0.76597c(10050124) 0.20275c(10050124) 0.04770c(10050124) 150.0 | 0.98263c(10050124) 0.85580c(10050124) 1.02324c(10050124) 1.06967c(10050124) 0.74428c(10050124) 160.0 | 1.62805c(10050124) 0.95678c(10050124) 0.72546c(10050124) 0.66288c(10050124) 0.69126c(10050124) 170.0 | 33.93738c(10050124) 22.86190c(10050124) 15.00931c(10050124) 9.92653c(10050124) 6.72940c(10050124) 180.0 | 5.06671c(10050124) 6.12888c(10050124) 6.90205c(10050124) 7.31931c(10050124) 7.47844c(10050124) 190.0 | 4.79703c(10050124) 2.69260c(10050124) 1.67312c(10050124) 1.14887c(10050124) 0.86732c(10050124) 200.0 | 17.48242c(10050124) 15.35971c(10050124) 13.43266c(10050124) 11.76645c(10050124) 10.37605c(10050124) 210.0 | 1.02661c(10050124) 0.81698c(10050124) 0.67051c(10050124) 0.56220c(10050124) 0.47886c(10050124) 220.0 | 3.05889c(10050124) 2.38405c(10050124) 1.91720c(10050124) 1.58168c(10050124) 1.33314c(10050124)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 105 230.0 | 2.50036c(10050124) 1.95861c(10050124) 1.58272c(10050124) 1.30973c(10050124) 1.10726c(10050124) 240.0 | 0.69941c(10050124) 0.55969c(10050124) 0.46497c(10050124) 0.39594c(10050124) 0.34361c(10050124) 250.0 | 4.32703c(10050124) 3.65928c(10050124) 3.13024c(10050124) 2.70757c(10050124) 2.37076c(10050124) 260.0 | 0.81607c(10050124) 0.51148c(10050124) 0.35064c(10050124) 0.25740c(10050124) 0.19828c(10050124) 270.0 | 1.52323c(10050124) 2.22217c(10050124) 3.06218c(10050124) 3.95156c(10050124) 4.84523c(10050124) 280.0 | 38.33089c(10050124) 16.85243c(10050124) 8.91425c(10050124) 5.83228c(10050124) 3.99422c(10050124) 290.0 | 1.38246c(10050124) 0.28200c(10050124) 0.09759c(10050124) 0.10222c(10050124) 0.12062c(10050124) 300.0 | 0.09448c(10050124) 0.14808c(10050124) 0.08550c(10050124) 0.01754c(10050124) 0.00210c(10050124) 310.0 | 0.12691c(10050124) 0.01229c(10050124) 0.00047c(10050124) 0.00002c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 320.0 | 0.00491c(10050124) 0.00006c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 330.0 | 0.00006c(10050124) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 340.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 350.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 360.0 | 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000) 0.00000 (00000000)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 106 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 11 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE 1ST HIGHEST 24-HR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION VALUES FOR SOURCE GROUP: ALL *** INCLUDING SOURCE(S): MCW , A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 , B1 , B2 , B3 , C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 , C5 , D1 , E1 , E2 , F1 , F2 , G1 , G2 , H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 , H5 , H6 , I1 , I2 , . . . ,
*** DISCRETE CARTESIAN RECEPTOR POINTS ***
** CONC OF SPM IN MICROGRAMS/M**3 **
X-COORD (M) Y-COORD (M) CONC (YYMMDDHH) X-COORD (M) Y-COORD (M) CONC (YYMMDDHH) ------10800.00 10600.00 60.18921c (10050124) 14800.00 11700.00 9.10415c (10050124) 8800.00 8100.00 2.59950c (10050124) 10600.00 9800.00 52.24329c (10050124) 11600.00 8200.00 5.29797c (10050124) 9400.00 9100.00 19.49757c (10050124)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 107 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 12 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE MAXIMUM 24 8-HR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION VALUES FOR SOURCE GROUP: ALL *** INCLUDING SOURCE(S): MCW , A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 , B1 , B2 , B3 , C1 , C2 , C3 , C4 , C5 , D1 , E1 , E2 , F1 , F2 , G1 , G2 , H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 , H5 , H6 , I1 , I2 , . . . ,
** CONC OF SPM IN MICROGRAMS/M**3 **
RANK CONC (YYMMDDHH) AT RECEPTOR (XR,YR) OF TYPE RANK CONC (YYMMDDHH) AT RECEPTOR (XR,YR) OF TYPE ------1. 2888.69336 (10050108) AT ( 10866.03, 10500.00) GP 13. 888.45001 (10050116) AT ( 10866.03, 10500.00) GP 2. 2466.35962 (10050108) AT ( 10800.00, 10600.00) DC 14. 812.53473 (10050108) AT ( 10984.81, 9826.35) GP 3. 2223.43042 (10050108) AT ( 10766.04, 10642.79) GP 15. 791.86230c (10050124) AT ( 10766.04, 10642.79) GP 4. 2085.06738c (10050124) AT ( 10342.02, 10939.69) GP 16. 784.01514c (10050124) AT ( 9500.00, 10866.03) GP 5. 1988.78882 (10050108) AT ( 10939.69, 10342.02) GP 17. 766.99493 (10050108) AT ( 11000.00, 10000.00) GP 6. 1517.08899c (10050124) AT ( 10500.00, 10866.03) GP 18. 761.76959 (10050108) AT ( 10600.00, 9800.00) DC 7. 1432.34692 (10050108) AT ( 10642.79, 10766.04) GP 19. 750.39355c (10050124) AT ( 9357.21, 10766.04) GP 8. 1167.14331c (10050124) AT ( 10642.79, 10766.04) GP 20. 708.49854c (10050124) AT ( 9233.96, 10642.79) GP 9. 1057.08191 (10050116) AT ( 10766.04, 10642.79) GP 21. 677.65674c (10050124) AT ( 10800.00, 10600.00) DC 10. 1048.37402 (10050116) AT ( 10800.00, 10600.00) DC 22. 631.59216c (10050124) AT ( 9657.98, 10939.69) GP 11. 1019.07544 (10050108) AT ( 10984.81, 10173.65) GP 23. 594.21393 (10050108) AT ( 10939.69, 9657.98) GP 12. 966.48688 (10050116) AT ( 10642.79, 10766.04) GP 24. 541.38434 (10050108) AT ( 10866.03, 9500.00) GP
*** RECEPTOR TYPES: GC = GRIDCART GP = GRIDPOLR DC = DISCCART DP = DISCPOLR BD = BOUNDARY
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 108 *** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 13 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** THE SUMMARY OF HIGHEST 24-HR RESULTS ***
** CONC OF SPM IN MICROGRAMS/M**3 **
DATE NETWORK GROUP ID AVERAGE CONC (YYMMDDHH) RECEPTOR (XR, YR, ZELEV, ZFLAG) OF TYPE GRID-ID ------
ALL HIGH 1ST HIGH VALUE IS 1609.18921c ON 10050124: AT ( 10800.00, 10600.00, 0.00, 0.00) DC NA
*** RECEPTOR TYPES: GC = GRIDCART GP = GRIDPOLR DC = DISCCART DP = DISCPOLR BD = BOUNDARY
*** ISCST3 - VERSION 02035 *** *** AIR QUALITY IMPACT STUDY FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY (5.00 MTY) *** 09/06/10 *** *** 12:44:47 **MODELOPTs: PAGE 14 CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT
*** Message Summary : ISCST3 Model Execution ***
------Summary of Total Messages ------
A Total of 0 Fatal Error Message(s) A Total of 0 Warning Message(s) A Total of 4 Informational Message(s)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 109 A Total of 4 Calm Hours Identified ******** FATAL ERROR MESSAGES ******** *** NONE ***
******** WARNING MESSAGES ******** *** NONE ***
************************************ *** ISCST3 Finishes Successfully ***
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 110 Table No. 4.9 Predicted concentration of SPM at different station in (µm/m3).
Station code Station Name Incremental SPM (µg / M3) A-1 Madhuban washery (Behind GM 60.2 office) A-2 CISF Camp 9.1 A-3 Ghutway village 2.6 A-4 Khanoodih village 52.2 A-5 Nehru Nagar 5.3 A-6 Indian School of Mines (CME 19.5 Building)
4.4.4 Observation of predicted impact
By observing the result of the model we can say that the project will not have any significant impact as the increase in the dust concentration is estimated to be marginal.
It can be seen from the above table that the maximum values of SPM are much less than the permissible values specified in NAAQS. The 95% values in summer season of SPM/RPM is also much below the permissible limits.
From the Air Quality Modeling results and also by analyzing the data generated for the Environment Baseline Study it can be concluded that Madhuband Washery Project shall not have any significant impact in the increase in pollution level.
Table 4.10 shows that air pollution level will not go very high due to operation of the project and also it will not stress or shock the supportive and assimilative capacity of the air basin of the environment.
The existing level of SPM in the monitoring stations AQ1 , AQ2, AQ3,AQ4, AQ5 & AQ6 are high due to the existing mining activities in the near by areas. The predicted incremental values of SPM concentrations in the monitoring stations lying in the buffer zone, namely AQ3, AQ4 & AQ5, are on higher side since they are situated in the down wind direction of the core zone. However the total predicted SPM concentration at the monitoring stations are well below the permissible limits.
The ISCST3 model was also run for estimation of SO2 and NOX and the incremental values at the receptors in Core and Buffer Zone were found to be negligible
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 111 Isopleth of the predicted concentrations has been shown in Plate No.9.
4.4.5 Air Pollution Control Measures
Following measures are proposed in order to bring down the SPM concentration level below the permissible limit as because this will be the only component, which may be found exceeding the limits in core zone during the dry season:-
i) All permanent roads of the project will be maintained to reduce dust due to vehicular traffic.
ii) Regular and routine maintenance of diesel operated machineries will be carried out to minimise emission of noxious gasses.
iii) Frequent spraying of water on unmetalled roads, service road.
iv) At the points of dust generation, water sprinkling / spraying shall be done.
v) Thick greenery will be developed in and around the project area wherever land is available to prevent propagation of dust with wind.
4.5 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY
The core zone and buffer zone of the project are situated in such areas where extensive coal mining activities either opencast or underground have been going on since decades. Under these circumstances, natural water courses, surface ponds, wells and the underground flow of water all are under the influence of opencast and underground mining activities in their respective areas. . As far as coal washery is concerned, there will be no any impact on water quality since the washery operations are to be run on zero discharge basis.
4.5.1 Effect on Ground Water Quality
The proposed washery will have closed water circuit and thus will have zero discharge to the outside environment. However there may be discharge outside during heavy storm and their effect on ground water will be negligible. Storm water will be challelised and sampling done during the period to monitor its pollutant level and action will be taken accordingly.
4.5.2 Source of Effuent
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 112 The proposed washery will have closed water circuit and thus will have zero discharge to the outside environment. Thus there will be no of effluent from the premisses. As such there is no likelihood of pollution of water due to opeation of the washery.
4.6 IMPACT ON LAND
The total land requirement for the project has been assessed as 23 Ha. Green belt will be developed around the proposed washery and the service roads . The land belongs to BCCL. The layout of the plant with green belt development is given in Plate-no:10.
4.7 IMPACT ON NOISE LEVEL
Noise sources
The source of noise in the plant include.
Crushing operation
Operation of crusher will produce noise. It is proposed to enclose the crusher in a R.C. enclosure as described later. As such noise produced by crusher will be mitigated.
Belt conveyor
Operation of belt conveyor will produce noise.
Level of noise produced by belt conveyor has been assessed to be 70 db (A) at a distance of 3m away. Belt conveyors will be enclosed to mitigate the pollution. Washing Operation.
Washery operation will also produce noise.Since all equipments are to be housed in building hence noise produced by the operations of equipment will be mitigated.
Vehicular movement: The movement of vehicles for raw coal transportation will be restricted to day time as far as possible, well maintained and the roads will be maintained for their smooth plying.
There is no other noise producing source in the plant premises.
A green belt (20 m wide) having 2 rows of trees provided at periphery of the plant site will also help noise abatement fom the plant area.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 113
4.8 IMPACT ON BIO-ENVIRONMENT
The plant site is free from forest cover. As such construction of the plant and its infrastructure will not degrade forest or habitat. Project construction and operation are not likely to affect bio-environmental. In addition, after proposed reclamation and afforestation of degraded land there will be a certain increase in the greenery of the core zone which is at present barren. With availability of greenery as host, guest flora and fauna will automatically come up which will improve the ecology and aesthetics of the area.
4.9 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The land required for the project belongs to project proponent and is free form any human habitation. As such construction or operation of plant is not likely to have any adverse impact on socio-economic profile of the area.
4.10 IMPACT ON METEOROLOGY
Meteorological data for the last few decades have been collected from nearest IMD station at Loyabad, Dhansar Rescue Station and Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad.
The Project Area, which falls in Dhanbad district of Jharkhand State, is situated in the Damodar river basin. As because the area is nearer to Bay of Bengal, its climate is under the influence of the wind conditions such as, the surface distribution of atmospheric pressures, upper air circulation caused by weather condition, inflow of different air masses etc. that originates from the Bay of Bengal. The inflow of western disturbances and tropical depressions that originates from Bay of Bengal cause rainfall in the area.
The Jharia Coalfield region has a tropical monsoon type climate. Air on land originate from the west with little clouds during the month of December that continues upto to February. Air originating from sea from the east and the south brings about 80 to 85% of annual rainfall distributed in the month of June to September. The broad seasonal variation for the year on account of the above wind movement are as under : i) The winter season exists from November to February with a fall in temperature upto 5 degree C. Clear bright sky with occasional rain during January and February, are observed in this season. ii) The summer season prevails from March to June with gradual increase in temperature and moisture. The highest temperature experienced ever has
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 114 been 48 degree C. Afternoon thunder storm is frequently observed causing poor visibility in May.
From later half of the month of June the rainy season starts and it ends in the first half of October. The south-west monsoon brings about the major precipitation. The maximmum rainfall recorded in this region is 331 mm in 24 hrs. during September '95. Before the onset of monsoon, the thunderstorm is associated with dust storm. The land ward movement of depression towards west from the head of the Bay of Bengal, results in widespread rainfall as well as local heavy rainfall including cloud bursts.
4.11 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES
The project related activities may have some impact on environment in study area in order to take care of the same, appropriate mitigation measures are recommended below.
4.11.1 Mitigation Measures for Air Quality
i) Coal crushing
Coal is proposed to be sized by crushing at two stages. This is a source of dust generation it is proposed to cover the crusher with enclosure. A dust extraction system would be provided to collect all dust generated during the crushing operation. The dust should be collected in bags. Subsequently these collected bags would be disposed off appropriately.
ii) Road Transport
Coal transportation by road is likely to be a major source for generation of particulate matter. In order to mitigate the impact of this, following recommendations are given:
a. Widening & Strengthening of Transport Road
The road that has been identified for transportation of raw coal and product coal will be widened & strengthened keeping in mind the current traffic density and increase in traffic density due to project. This will ensure that existing traffic facilities are not affected.
b. Blacktopping
The transport road is to be blacktopped. This measure would lead to low generation of dust from road.
c. Wet transportation by Tippers
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 115 Raw coal will be transported by tippers in wet condition. This will facilitate in minimizing dust generation and spillage.
d. Green Belt along Road
Project proponent, in collaboration with state PWD, would plant three rows of plants on both sides of the road. This will serve as wind shelter that will help in minimizing the generation of dust from road.
iii) Coal Handling Plant (CHP)
a) Raw Coal storage
A ground bunker of capacity 15,000 T would be provided in raw coal yard for storage of raw coal before crushing.
A Water Sprinking system would be installed for wetting the coal stock on ground. This will minimize dust generation from the exposed coal mass.
c) Belt Conveyor
Following meaures will be taken to mitigate the air pollution.
1) the belt will be covered on top and both sides by sheet cladding. These arrangements will protect the coal mass moving on belt from blowing wind. In this way the dust generation wiould be minimized.
2) Watier Sprinkling system on all transfer points will be provided in CHP.
IV) Other Measures
In addition to above, following additional dust mitigation measures are recommeded:
(a) Strip Plantation
A strip plantation (20 m wide) consisting of 2 rows of trees around the periphery of the plant area will be provided. This will help in mitigation of dust for two reasons.
i. Strip plantation wili act as wind shelter minimizing dust generation ii. This will adsorb air borne dust
(b) Water Sprinkling in Plant Area
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 116 Arrangement will be made for regular water sprinkling of roads and paved area within the plant area to minimise dust generation.
4.11.2 Water Pollution Control Measures
(A) Effluent Source The sources of effluent generation in washery plant complex are-.
Industrial Effluent The proposed washery will have zero discharge, however , during heavy storms, storm water way be contaminated
Municipal Effluent
The washery will have some service buildings including office, canteen, rest shelter etc. these will house facilities for drinking Water and wash rooms. Municipal effluents will be generated from these facilities. (B) Mitigation Measures
In order to treat above effluents, following arrangements are recommended.
(a) Industrial effluent
Storm water drains will be provided will carry storm water into three ponds in series. One pond will be in process of cleaning, second pond will be in process of drying & third pond will be used for treatment of effluent. In addition, there will be one pond to store treated Water. Treated Water Will be recycled for use in working process
(b) Municipal Effluent
Keeping in view that volume of municipal effluent is low, it is proposed to provide septic tank and soak pits cess pool for its treatment.
4.11.3 Noise Pollution Control Measures The following measures shall be taken:
. Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing in-built mechanisms like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the foundation of vibrating equipment.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 117 . Routine maintenance of equipment. . Rational deployment of noise generating plant and machinery. . Greenbelts around the quarry, infrastructure sites and service building area besides avenue plantation on both sides of the roads . To maintain noise level at night time within the limit for the inhabited localities situated at a very close proximity. . HEMMs with sound proof cabins. . Personal protective devices to all the persons working in high noise areas. . Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.
DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN BELT
It is proposed to develop a green belt all around the boundary wall of the proposed Madhuband Washery in at least two rows. The total perimeter of the washery premises is about 1000 m and so about 1000 trees will be planted with a gap of 2 m between two trees.
Another about 1200 plants will be planted on either side of the conveyor belt. This will create a thick green belt adjacent to the conveyor belt and will prevent from dust pollution if any. Block plantation is also proposed to be done in vacant land within the washery premisis in about 1 hactare. About 2500-3000 trees will be planted in this vacant land.
Tree plantation will be done every year wherever land is available. Planatation programme will be extended to project colony and surrounding villages.
Tree species with leaves having dust catching capacity, and soil erosion control will be selected for this purpose. This will be done with the help of Divisional Forest Department, Dhanbad.
4.10.4 Socio-Economic Measures
The land required for the project belongs to the project proponent. And the identified plot of land is free from any human habitation. This being so, there are no resettlement and rehabilitation issues involved. In fact, the setting up of the project will create economic opportunities in the area
i) Direct Employment in Plant Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 118
The plant will create an employment opportunity. These opportunities will be offered to local people. They will be trained before absorption in the plant.
ii) Small Works
In course of plant construction, there will be opportunity for small contractual work in course of plant construction. These small works will be offered to local people.
iii) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Activities
Intorduction The proposed wshery site is located in the loeashold area of Bolck II Area in the command of BCCL.
More than 300 viillages are under the purview of CSR by BCCL.
o Creation of community assets like provision of drinking Water construction of School building, village road / link road, health center, community centre etc.
o About 109 villages are provided with drinking water facility.
o Scheme for multi-purpose utilisaton of surplus mine Water for Rs. 9.8 crore has been formulated and approved. The scheme will facilitate the gainful utilisaton of mine water trappoed inside the mines through Water supply to nearby villages for domestic purpose and also for irrigation of land in the peripheral area. Discharge water at the rate of 75 lakh gallons per day will be handed over to State Govt. for distribution to local villages.
o Entrepreneurship development programme for income genration.
o Literacy progamme, teaching aids, health Camps / programme etc
The proposed washery is under the administrative area of Block II of BCCL which will spend Rs. 242.5 lakhs per year for CSR activities which includes:
. To meet the acute shortage of drinking water in peripheral villages. Action has been taken to supply water by Water tankers mounted on Tractor chasis . Block II Area of BCCL have been equipped with Mobile Medical Vans to impart medical assistance to people residing nearby villages. . Includes free medicines/medical check-up ,AIDS awareness camps . Recognition of meritorious students of the area who compete IIT shall be felicitated
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 119 . One girl child from a non BCCL family is being picked every year by ‘BCCL Nari Shakti Samiti’ from schools after class X and financially helped for further studies. . Rural electrification. . Renovation of ghats and ponds for the local villages. . Provision of school, PCC road, mine water for domestic use, lighting etc. to be provided for adjacent villages.
As per the CIL’s CSR Policy, Rs.5/te of coal will be spend for CSR activities
Construction of Sewerage Drain
Sewerage drain wil be consucted for proper draining out of dirty and filthy water from the villages and keep the environment cleans. Health Check up Camps
Camps like Gyanec, pediatric, orthopedics camps, eye care services (in collaboration with Lions club and hospitals) and disability management works will be organized at suitable intervals based on need.
Sports and Cultural Activities Games and Sports competitions like football, cricket, volleyball, carom, etc for grooming talent will be organized by BCCL. Cultural programmes will also be arranged to involve the youth and give a forum for the social and cultural development of the people in the area. Help would be provided to preserve and develop indigenous art and craft.
Other activities Education Sponsoring Schools, Distribution of Books, Pencils & other stationery items to Schools / Students, Distribution of interactive software and computers to schools.
Natural Resource Management Watershed development will be encouraged and facilitated to conserve rain water. Community Mobilization
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 120 Village level developmental communities will be created, which wil not only assist and administer various camps, and training but also help in internalizing clean, and safe practices.
Sl No. Activity Annual Expense (in INR) 1 Community Health and hygiene 15,00,000 2 Employment and Livelihood 8,00,000 Generation 3 Sports and Cultural Events 4,00,00 4 Natural Resource Management 9,00,000 5 Children Education 4,00,000 6 Other / Misalliances 1,00,000 Total 41,000,00
Facilities for Plant Premises Following facilities will be provided within the plant premises for workmen i) Rest Shelter for Workmen ii) Canteen iii) First Aid Center iv) Tipper Parking Space
4.12 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The proposed project shall adopted the philosophy of EMS ISO 140001 where environmental impact assessment is started with identification of activities their aspect – impact and then control measures. Therefore, all the proposed activities (even smaller ones) have to undergo aspect - impact analysis & its control measures to minimize adverse impact on environment. The safety & health aspects will be taken care of by adoption of OHSMS OHSAS- 18001 by proactive identification of potential hazards and associated risk followed by adequate control measures to minimize the magnitude of risk.
Other guidelines are also available in the system such as taking care of awareness / training of employees & their responsibility, how to address environmental issues associated with their job. One of the important areas is preparedness & response during emergency situation which comprises identification of potential emergency situation, procedure, training,
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 121 maintenance of equipments and mock drills at certain intervals of time to ensure working of all emergency equipment at the time of emergency. Effectiveness is also measured by a structured monitoring & analysis system. Daily inspection of various depts. Make them alert all the time to keep the mitigation measures in place, Review by head of the division at regular intervals makes the system more robust. Finally, regular auditing of the entire system keeps a check and evolves scope of improvements; the basis air of all the activities described above is to achieve continual improvement in environmental performance.
Env. Standards for Coal Washery Fugitive emission standards The difference in the value of SOM delta (A) measured between 25 m and 30m from the enclosure of coal crushing plant in the downward and leeward wind direction shall not exceed 150 micro-gram per cum method of measurement shall HVS and average flow rate 1.1 m3 per minute, using upwind downwind method of measurement. Effluent Discharge Standards The cola washery shall maintain the close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge In case due to some genuine problems like periodical cleaning of the system or heavy rainfall, it becomes necessary to discharge the effluent to sewer / stream, the effluent shall conform to the following standards at the final outlet of the coal washery.
Sl. No. Paremeters Limits 1 pH 5.5-9.0 2 Total suspended solid 100 mg/l 3 Oil & grease 10 mg/l 4 BOD 30 mg/l 5 COD 250 mg/l 6 phenolics 1.0 mg/l
Code of Practice for Coal Washery
(MoEF has laid down code of practice for coal washeries which is reproduced below)
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 122 Operational / working zone – not to exceed 85 dB (A) Leq for 8 hrs exposure. The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise as specified under the Env, (Protection) Rule 86 shall be followed at the boundary line of coal washery
- Water or water mixed chemicals shall be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points suh as onveyor, loading / unloading points, etc. As far as practically possible, conveyors and transfer points shall be provided with enclosues. - The crushers / pulverizes of coal washeries shall be provided with enclosures fitted with suitable air pollution control measures and finally emitted through stack of minimum height 30 m conforming to particulate matter emission standards of 150 mg/mm3 or provided with water sprinkling arrangements.
- Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer nozzle arrangements shall be provided on coal heaps and on / around the crusher. - Area in and around the coal washery shall be pucca either asphalted or concreted - The efficiency of the setting pond of waste water treatment system of the coal washery shall not be less than 90%. - Green belt shall be developed along the road side, coal handling plant, residential complexes, office buildings and all around the boundary line of the coal washery. - Storage bunker, hoppers, rubber desks in chutes & centrifugal chutes shall be provided with proper rubber lining. - Vehicle movement in coal washery area shall be regulated effectively.
Water Management
Management of surface water drainage :
Kutcha garland drain will be made around the periphery of the washery.. This garland drain will be connected to the Jamunia river which is not likely to be disturbed by washery operation. Thus this garland drain will drain off the rain water away from the washery area..
Various sources of water pollution and the measures taken to prevent water pollution due to such sources are as follows :
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 123 Domestic Effluent
Entire domestic effluent which will be coming out of residential buildings and service buildings in the project area are proposed to be treated in septic tanks and soaked into soak pits. No such discharge will be allowed to enter into the surface water courses directly.
Industrial Water Discharge
The water required for industrial purposes other than for spraying result into waste water discharge containing mobil, grease, etc. This water will be put into a closed circuit (the collected water at the floor of sump will be pumped to the settling tank where suspended solids will get settled). The clear water after sedimentation will be reused for water sprinkling, plantation etc. Workshop effluents will be discharged through oil and grease trap and sedimentation tank and the water thus regained after separating oil and grease will be reused. Expenditure for above arrangement will be made by revenue budget of the project.
Ground Water From Washery
The ground of washery premises will be allowed to accumulate in the sump. This water will be used to fulfill the industrial water demand.Thus, there does not exist any threat of pollution of water to natural water course.
PROPOSED RAIN WATER HARVESTING PLAN FOR MADHUBAN WASHERY
Rain Water harvesting is collection and storage of rainwater that runs off on natural and man-made catchments area. The rain water within the project area will be accumulated in the dip most portion to the north-western side of the project and it will be pumped out into earthen water pools developed on the surface which will not only be helpful in re-charging the ground water of the area but will fulfill the non-drinking water demand of near by inhabitants also.
Rain water will automatically gravitate to the main sump because of the gradient. The capacity of the main sump will be such that maximum rainfall in a particular day can be accumulated. It will also take care of any unforeseen situation due to total failure of pumping activities during monsoon.
Rain water will accumulate in small ponds and a rain water sedimentation sump. The over flown or excessive rain water draining out through the garland drains or small
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 124 drains specially constructed to avoid inrush of water. The accumulated water in ponds is conserved for tree plantation in the existing reclaimed area. This will also prevent the erosion of soil and gully formation in the area.
Artificial Recharge to Ground Water
The following rainwater harvesting and ground water recharge methods are proposed to be taken up in the proposed Madhuban Washery.
Storage tanks: For harvesting the roof top rain water from different buildings of the project, storage tanks will be used. These tanks will be constructed on the surface as well as under ground. The size of tank depends upon availability of runoff & water demand. After proper chlorination, the stored water can be used for domestic purpose, plantation etc.
The settling ponds which will be constructed for accumulating fines/ slurry from washed coal will also help in recharging of the ground water table and aquifers.
Recharge Pits: Recharge pits will be constructed for recharging the shallow aquifers. These are constructed 1 to 2 m. wide and 2 to 3 m. deep which are back filled with boulders, gravels & coarse sand.
Trenches: will be constructed when the permeable strata is available at shallow depths. Trench may be 0.5 to 1 m. wide, 1 to 1.5 m. deep and 10 to 20 m. long depending upon availability of water. These will be back filled with filter materials.
Abandoned Dug wells and tube wells: Existing abandoned dug wells situated in nearby villages will be utilised as recharge structure after cleaning and desilting the same.
Abandoned Hand pumps: The existing abandoned hand pumps situated in nearby villages will be utilised for recharging the shallow / deep aquifers.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 125 Recharge wells: Recharge wells of 100 to 300 mm. diameter are proposed to be constructed for recharging the deeper aquifers and roof top rain water is diverted to recharge well for recharge to ground water.
Benefits of rain water harvesting and ground water recharging: 1. Will augment drinking and domestic water problem in areas having inadequate water resources. 2. The ground water level will rise. Water harvesting to recharge the ground water enhances the availability of ground water at specific place and time and thus assures a continuous and reliable access to ground water. 3. Mitigates the effects of drought. 4. Reduces the runoff which chokes the storm water drains. 5. Reduces flooding of roads. 6. It improves the quality of ground water in aquifers 7. Soil erosion will be reduced. 8. Greenery will increase. 9. It reduces the power consumption as rise in water levels results in saving of electricity
Acceptable noise levels and peak particle velocity
Assessment of impact of noise nuisance of a workplace can be achieved by comparing the level with TLV prescribed by the DGMS. There are also standards relating exposure time with noise levels from the International Standard Organization (ISO) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). These standards may also be used to assess the impact of noise in workplaces.
The permissible peak particle velocity at the foundation level of structures are given below:
DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN BELT (in Block-II Area)
Thick green belt has been proposed to be developed at Washery, and project roads, etc. to prevent the propagation of sound and also to dampening its intensity. Afforestation in patches as the plantation of saplings is being done in Block-II Area of BCCL. However, so far 1.2 lakh plants have already been planted in different locations in buffer area. This will have some indirect impact on noise reduction/control.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 126
Promising Species at Washery Site and near by washery Areas:
In selecting a particular set of species the following points will be considered.
1. Species locally grown / naturally growing.
2. Ecologically pioneer in succession and preferably having ability to fix nitrogen.
3. The species existing prior to mining.
4. Fast growing species for providing vegetal cover in a minimum period.
5. The species capable of meeting the requirement of local people in respect of fuel, fodder, fiber, fruits, small timber, etc.
6. Some ornamental trees and shrubs which can provide greenery and aesthetics to mask the desolate look and attract birds and wild animals.
7. In addition to local tree species, more suitable exotics species having higher productivity and capable of reclaiming the area will be selected.
In view of the above mentioned facts along with climatic and nutrient status of the washery area list of the species recommended for afforestation is appended below:
LIST OF SPECIES RECOMMENDED FOR AFFORESTATION IN AND AROUND WASHERY AREA
A. Tree and Shrub Species
Acacia auriculiformis Cassia siamea (Along Peripheries) Albizia lebbek Albizia procera Dalbergia sissoo Prosopis juliflora Syzygium cumini Pongamia pinnata Alstonia scholoris Eucalyptus sps. Tectona grandis Gliricidia sepium Adina cordifolia Pithecolobium dulce Lagerstremia parviflora Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 127 Terminalia tomentosa izyphus sp. Bambusa sps. Pterocarpus marsupium Ficus bengalensis Lecuaena leucocephala Ficus glomerata Mangifera indica Erythrina suberosa Cassia fistala Bombax cuba Limelina arborea Agave sps. Ailanthus encelsa Aegle marmelos Annona squamosa Cleistanthus collinus Artocarpus intergrifolia
B. Grases & Herbs
Dicanthium annulatum Clitoria tarnatea Eulaliopsis binata Macroptilium atropurium Pennisetum pedicellatum Chrysopogon fulvus Cenchrus ciliaria Vitex negunda.
4.13 HAZARD ASSESSMENT
Ground Vibration
There is no habitat nearby washery and hence impacts associated with ground vibration are not a hazard.
4.14 MANPOWER AND ORGANIZATION
Manpower and Organization for the proposed environment management of Madhuband NLW Washery is given in Chart No.C-1.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 128 CHAPTER- 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology and Sites)
5.1 INTRODUCTION
The scoping exercise results in need for consideration of alternative technologies on account of predicted environmental impact. Alternatives have been considered for ● Selection of site for the project ● Selection of appropriate Technology for Coal Washing
5.2 SITE SELECTION
The site which has been selected has following features :- (i) This site is barren land and is free from forest, agriculture and human habitation and a non-coal bearing area. (ii) Land belongs to the proponent. Hence, construction of Project would not cause any Resettlement – Rehabilitation issue. (iii) The site is located close to the road network in the area. Moreover, a railway siding is close to site. As such, will be used for transportation nearby existing railway siding. (iv) Jamunia River will provide reliable water supply for the efficient use in the proposed washery. (v) The site is adjacent to the existing Madhuband washery.
5.3 TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
Here are several technologies available for beneficiation / washing of coal. Criteria for selection of appropriate technology are - ● Characteristics of raw coal ● Required quality of product coal ● Maximum yield of product coal ● Reliability of technology
Keeping above in view, the technology for washing of coal for the proposed plant has been selected.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 129
CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PRORAMME
6.1 INTRODUCTION At the operational stage of the washery, the project activities are likely to affect the quality of environmental attributes in the study area. In order to ensure that levels of environmental pollution are well within the prescribed limits, the environmental quality will be monitored at regular intervals. These monitoring reports will be submitted to regulators as per statutory requirements. For this purpose, a well structured Environment monitoring plan has been developed. Salient features of the plan are given below:
6.2 MONITORING PLAN (A) Parameters to be Monitored Following parameters will be monitored
► Ambient Air Quality (i) GSR-742 E dated 25.09.2000 on work zone. (ii) For other: GSR-826 E dated 16.11.09 (NAA QS) ● Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) ● Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) ● Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) ● Oxides of Nitrogen (NoX)
► Waste Water Waste water will be monitored as per parameters given in MoEF standards for Effluents. The coal washery will maintain the close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge. In case of periodic cleaning heavy rainfall etc., GSR 7, dated 27.12.1998, shall be complied.
► Ground Water Ground water will be tested for parameters covered under BIS 10500: (1991).
► Surface Water Surface water will be monitored for parameters as per BIS 2296:1982
► Noise Level Ambient noise level will be monitored in db(A) limit in accordance with MoEF, GOI notification dated 26.12.1989, vide GSR 1063 (E) the ambient noise level standard for different categories.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 130 (B) Monitoring Stations ► Ambient Air Quality It will be monitored at those locations where base line data have been generated.
► Waste Water Waste water samples will be collected from the points where it is discharged from the plant. The washery has been designed for ‘Zero Discharge’ and as such no waste water will be generated. During periodic cleaning, heavy rainfall water sample will be draw from 2 location in storm water drains.
► Ground Water Quality Ground water samples will be collected at two locations as per the baseline generation programme.
► Surface Water Quality Water samples will be collected from two locations of river. Location will be the same as per baseline data generation programme.
► Noise Level Ambient noise level will be monitored at all locations where ambient air quality will be monitored.
(C) Duration & Frequency
► Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality will be monitored for 24 hrs in a day and once in a week for 4 weeks in a season. AAQ will be monitored in three seasons (except monsoon).
Ambient air quality monitoring will be done at a frequency of 2 days in a month. ► Waste Water It will be monitored once in a season for four seasons. GSR 7, dated 27.12.1998 will be complied.
► Ground and Surface Water Both ground and surface water will be monitored once in a season for four seasons.
► Noise Level Noise Level will be monitored once in a season for four seasons. Quarterly environmental monitoring report will be submitted to State Pollution Control Board.
Noise level will the monitored at a frequency of once in a fortnight.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 131 CHAPTER – 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.0 INTRODUCTION Besides environmental issues, there are other issues that are associated with construction & operation of the project. In previous chapters, the environmental issues associated with the project construction & operation have been discussed. Other important issues that are proposed to be studied are covered below.
7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
People living in the area around the project site may have reservations and apprehension about likely effect of project construction and operation on environmental pollution, socio-economic profile of the area, etc. The project proponent has addressed the apprehensions expressed by the people & issues raised. Public Hearing has been organized by Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board on 06.12.2010 after Draft EIA / EMP submitted to them. The public consultation was conducted as per procedure laid down in EIA Notification 2006 & 2009 on 28.01.2011. The details of the Public Hearing has been included in ANNEXURE – II.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT
7.2.1 INTRODUCTION
During construction and operation phase of the project, a hazardous situation may arise which ultimately may lead to a risky situation, even a disaster. This disaster may cause loss of life and property. In order to foresee such a situation and anticipate loss of life and property so that they can be minimized or avoided, a risk assessment has been carried out. A brief of the assessment is given below.
7.2.2 HAZARD TYPES Hazards may be classified broadly into two categories. - Natural Hazards - Manmade Hazards 7.2.3 NATURAL HAZARDS Major causes for natural hazards may be - Earthquake - Flood
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 132 A. Earthquake : The project is located in zone III as per relevant BIS code. This zone is located in low risk area for occurrence of earthquake. The washery building and other structures will however be designed with due consideration to the earthquake loading appropriate to this zone as prescribed in BIS code. In addition to incorporating the safety factors at design stage, appropriate earthquake resistant construction techniques will be used.
B. Flood : Likely causes for flooding may be - Flooding by excessive rainfall in the area. - Flooding of site due to flood in river, which flows on S.W. side Jamunia river.
On analysis of following available information, we may conclude that there is no likelihood of flooding of site.
From the above discussion we may conclude that project site is least hazardous for natural causes.
7.2.4 MANMADE CAUSES
Manmade causes for hazardous situation may be
● Fire ● Explosion ● Industrial Accidents
(A) Fire : There may be several causes for fire, i.e. electrical short circuit, negligence on part of operators, etc. Appropriate steps will be taken to prevent occurrence of fire in the plant and to control it effectively if at all it occurs. Some of the safeguards and precautions that will be taken are –
● Electrical installations will be designed in accordance with prescribed safety rules to ensure that electrical fire possibility is minimized. ● At the operational stage, all safety rules will be followed. ● Strict quality control for procurement & installation of electrical installations. ● Display of warning signs in operational area against fire. ● Proper storage of inflammable material like diesel. ● Provision of adequate fire fighting arrangements with a ground water tank dedicated to fire fighting exclusively. ● Organizing fire fighting drills on regular basis. ● Installation of Portable fire fighters at strategic locations all over the plant. ● Installation of smoke detectors with Fire Alarm.
(B) Explosion : There is no proposal to store any explosive within the premises. Also no explosive is required for plant operation.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 133 (C) Industrial Accidents : Coal washery is regulated under safety rules of Factories Act. The provisions of the Act relating to the safety would be enforced strictly.
7.3 ORGANISATION
A dedicated organization with sufficient infrastructure would be provided to take care of disasters.
A. Safety Organisation : This organization will be responsible for safety of the plant operations. Head of the safety organisation would be reporting to the GM/In-charge of the plant.
B. Disaster Management Organisation : There may be occasion when inspite of all precaustions, disasters may occur within the premises. In order to manage such a situation, a separate organization will be created.
(i) Central Control Room : A central control room will be created to manage the disaster. This will have following facilities.
● A public address system to disseminate information to plant operators within the premises. ● The control room will have telephone no. of - Police - Local Administration - Hospital - Fire Station (ii) Floor Level Disaster Management Unit : Floor level units will be constituted to deal with disaster. (iii) Training programme: Regular training programmes for plant operators would be organized to make them aware of safety aspects of plant operations & steps to be taken in case of disasters. (iv) First Aid Centre : For rendering medical aid in case of occurrence of disaster. (v) Ambulance : An ambulance will be provided for movement of people needing medical attendance.
7.4 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The land that has been identified for locating the project is owned by the project proponent & is under its possession. The area is free from any habitation, hence no resettlement & rehabilitation is involved. Also there is no requirement of additional land for development of project infrastructure.
Thus, the construction and operation of the project is not likely to cause any adverse impact on social profile of the area.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 134 In fact, opening of the project would have positive impact on socio-economic profile that includes.
● Creation of employment opportunity on casual and long-term basis. ● Improvement in physical infrastructure. ● CSR activities will improve social infrastructure in the area.
Since no land acquisition is involved, there are no R&R issues involved. In view of this, no R&R action plan has been developed.
However, an action plan for Corporate Social Responsibility has been developed for the project which has been described earlier in section 4.10.
7.5 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT PLAN
The land required is within the approved lease hold area of Madhuband washery of BCCL. The land required is situated under existing Madhuband Coal Washery has already been acquired under CBA Act. Since no land acquisition is involved, there are no R&R issues involved. In view of this, no R&R action plan has been developed.
7.6 EMPLOYEE EDUCATION
Employees will be informed of the need to take precautions and use all protective measures to control fugitive emissions in working environment. They will also be advised of consequences of ignoring these precautions. Employee will be trained in coal handling, and in spill management. Written policies, procedures and measures will be disseminated throughout the different departments of the plant and workers will be trained with regard to their implementation. The employee will be educated about the safety features incorporated by written literature with pictorial and color-coded signs.
7.7 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION & OPTIMIZATION
The washery rejects from the washery are to be utilized in the propsed FBC plant. The washery is also designed on zero discharge principle for conservation of water resources.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 135 CHAPTER – 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 INTRODUCTION The project relates to washing of coal to improve its quality so that it can be used for steel production. The construction and operation of the plant will also require development of infrastructure. A brief write-up on proposed development of such physical and social infrastructure are given below.
8.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
(A) Access Road : A new access road is proposed to connect the project site to existing road network in the area. Presently this road is katcha road. This road will be strengthened, widened and black topped. This road will also provide road access to the area.
(B) Power Network : Power network will be extended to the project site for the construction & operation of the plant. This network will also facilitate distribution of power in the neighboring area.
8.3 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The study area in which the project is located is comparatively developed in terms of social infrastructure including health care facilities, education facilities etc. However the project proponent will develop the social infrastructure in the area under its Corporate Social Responsibility (C.S.R.) activities.
8.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
Skilled, semiskilled and unskilled labor both during construction and operational phases of the project with specific attention to employment potential of local population as well as necessity for imparting any specialized skills to them to be eligible for such employment in the project on a long term basis i.e., during operational and maintenance stages of the project.
8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Bharat Coking Coal Limited is facing increasing demand of coal. Continuing and augmentation of coal production from the mines of BCCL and its washing will help to bridge the gap of demand and supply of washed coal in India. To meet the growing demand of coal, especially in power sector, metallurgical sector and brick and other small scale sectors, BCCL has planned to start beneficiation of coal from Muraidih OCP and Block-II OCP at Madhuband Washery.The project will produce environmental friendly clean coal to minimise the pollution levels. It will also reduce
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 136 volume of coal transportation which will minimise pollution. The project will create employment opportunities both for skilled and semi-skilled persons in the area. Business opportunity in Secondary & Tertiary sectors will also increase.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 137 CHAPTER – 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 INTRODUCTION
As per EIA notification Sept. 2006, the project is a category “A” project requiring Environmental clearance. In compliance to statutory provisions, the project proponent approached MoEF, with prescribed Form-I and Pre- feasibility Project Report for obtaining Terms of Reference for Environmental studies. MoEF issued TOR vide letter no. J-11015/235/2009-IA.II(M) dt. 10.08.2009. A copy of TOR is enclosed at Annexure III of this report.
It may be seen from the TOR, that the scope of environmental studies for the project does not require environmental cost benefit analysis for the project.
Accordingly no environmental cost benefit analysis for the project has been carried out.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 138 Table No. 9.1 TEFR FOR MADHUBAND WASHERY STATEMENT SHOWING ESTIMATED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
CAPITAL COST FOR THE WASHERY Sl. No. Item Total inr (Rs. In Lakhs) A. Survey, soil testing & design engineering cost 313.40 B Civil & structural works 3512.43 C Plant & Machinery C1 Supply of Plant & Machinery 19090.27 1.0 Mechanical Equipment - Indigenous 1964.63 2.0 Electrical Equipment - Indigenous 3.0 PLC based plant sequence control automation & instrumentation - indigenous 4.0 Communication system indigenous 504.42 5.0 Ilumination system - indigenous 6.0 Auxiliary - indigenous 7.0 Imported equipment Total P & M (C1) 21054.90 C2 erection, installation & commissioning of plant & machinery 1.0 Mechanical Equipment 2.0 Electrical Equipment 3.0 PLC based plant sequence control automation & instrumentation 504.42 4.0 Communication system 5.0 Ilumination system 6.0 Auxiliary 7.0 service of foreign experts, if any 914.12 Total P & M (C2) (1.0 to 7.0) 1418.54 TOTAL P & M (C1+C2) 22473.44 C3 Furniture & Fittings Incld. total (C1+C2+C3) 22473.44 SUB TOTAL (A+B+C) 26299.27
CAPITAL COST ESTIMATE FOR COAL RECIEPT AND DESPATCH Rs. In Lakhs SL NO. DETAILS AMOUNT 1 Mechanical system 1240.44 2 Electrical system 41.00 3 Election and commissioning @ 10% of (1) & (2) 128.14 4 a) Civil & Structural works (Including contingency and design & engg. 31.48 and overhead construction cost) b) Road and culverts c) Railway Siding 83.00 5 Design & Engineering @ 5% of (1) to (3) 70.48 6 Overhead Construction cost @ 15.0% on item nos. 1 to 3 ( for item no. 5 211.44 overhead cost is already included in item 4) 7 Insurance @ 0.75% of 1 to 3. 10.57 8 Contingency @ 3% on item no. 1,2,3,5&6 50.75 9 Works contract tax @ 2% on (items 3,4,5,6,7&8) 11.72 10 Training of O&M stafff @ 0.05% of (1+2+3) 0.70 11 Spares @ 3%of (1) to (2) 38.44 12 Service tax @ 4.12% on total works contract i.e. from items 1 to 11. 79.03 13 SUB TOTAL 1997.19 GRAND TOTAL 28296.46
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 139 CHAPTER – 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 INTRODUCTION The activities associated with project construction and project management are likely to have adverse impact on various environmental attributes including air, water, noise, soil, socio-economic profile and bio-environment. To ensure that levels of pollutants do not exceed the limits prescribed by regulatory authorities, following exercise has been taken up.
● Baseline environmental data have been generated to describe the present environmental quality in the study area.
● Likely impact on environmental attributes due to project construction & operation have been assessed using standard method.
With above exercise, the anticipated level of pollutants in environment have been assessed.
Environment pollution mitigation measures have been recommended to minimize the impact & to limit them within prescribed level. These environmental mitigation measures are able to be implemental throughout the life of the project.
In additional, environmental parameters will be monitored on regular basis to ensure that level of pollution is within the prescribed level.
(The project proponent will submit several statutory reports relating to project’s environment impact).
From the above, it may be seen that environmental management of the project during the full life will involve planning, design & implementation of several activities. This will require an exclusive budget and a dedicated organization.
10.2 ORGANISATION
Environmental management of the project would need an exclusive budget for implementation of activities related to environment management of project. Item wise fund requirements are described below.
10.3 GROUP ENVIRONMENT
This group environment will be headed by a senior level executive (head of group). He will be reporting to the GM/In-charge of the plant. This group will have sub-groups:
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 140
Sub Group-I : Plant operation & Maintenance Sub Group-II : Environmental Monitoring Sub Group-III : Horticulture
Each sub group will be headed by Supervisor Level Executives. Supervisory Executives will be assisted by plant operators& maintenance personnel. Personnel and financial functions support will be provided by Personnel and Finance Deptt. of the Plant.
ORGANISATION CHART
GM
Finance Personnel Environment Disaster Management
O & M Env. Monitoring Horticulture
10.4 BUDGET ESTIMATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT A. CAPITAL ESTIMATE A.1 - Air Pollution Control Measures
(i) Dust Control Equipments in Coal Crusher House Rs. 20.00 Lakh (ii) Dust Controls Measures for ground raw coal Rs. 10.00 Lakh storage / Water sprinkling, Enclosures etc. (iii) Dust Control Measures for CHP Rs. 5.00 Lakh (iv) Water Sprinklers Rs. 40.00 Lakh (v) Green Belt Rs. 15.00 Lakh (vi) Road Widening & Black Topping Rs. 50.00 Lakh Sub-Total Rs. 140.00 Lakh
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 141 A.2 - Water Pollution Control
(i) Washery effluent Treatment Facility Rs. 25.00 Lakh (ii) Municipal effluent treatment plant Rs. 5.00 Lakh Sub-Total Rs. 30.00 Lakh Grand Total Rs. 170.00 Lakh
B. REVENUE BUDGET ESTIMATE
(i) Repair & Maintenance cost of Environment Rs. 10.00 Lakh Mitigation equipments. (ii) Operational Cost of Environment Mitigation Rs. 30.00 Lakh equipments. (vi Env. Monitoring Cost Rs. 10.00 Lakh ) Total Rs. 50.00 Lakh
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 142 CHAPTER – 11 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
11.1 INTRODUCTION In the preceding chapters various environmental issues associated with the project construction and operation, pollution mitigation measures and other related issues have been covered. In this chapter, the summary of various issues are described.
11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The project relates to washing of raw coal, i.e. Run-of-Mine (ROM) coal mined from nearby mines. Washing is required to improve the quality of raw coal so that washed coal can be used for steel production. The arrangements in the proposed plant includes:-
● Raw coal Receipt System ● Raw coal crushing & screening system ● Raw coal handling system ● Coal washing circuit ● Fine recovery circuit ● Waste water treatment system ● Product coal handling system
11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT The project activities will have impact on environmental attributes. Environmental impacts on following environmental attributes have been assessed.
● Ambient Air Quality ● Ambient Noise Level ● Surface Water Quality ● Land ● Bio-environment including Flora & Fauna ● Socio-economic profile. The impact study is limited to study area of the project site.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 143 (A) Ambient Air Quality : Impact on ambient air quality has been limited to 7 stations in the study area.
Impact has been assessed using ISCST-III software developed by USEPA. The locations of monitoring stations are as given below:
- On upwind direction - On downwind direction - In core zone - In cross wind direction
Following air quality parameters have been included in impact assessment.
- Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) - Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM)
- Sulphur Di-oxide (SO2) - Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Incremental value of each parameter due to project activities has been assessed.
It has been found that estimated value of each parameter are below the value prescribed by MoEF vide schedule VII of Env (Protection) Rules 86.
(B) Surface Water Quality :
At the operational stage of the project, effluents will be generated due to project activities. These effluents are likely to have high suspended solid mostly of coal particles, and inorganic solid particles. The level of trace elements would be low as their levels in raw coal have been found to be very low. However, these effluents may affect the quality of surface water if they are discharged without appropriate treatment. The coal washery will maintain close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge. Thus there will be no adverse impact on surface water quality.
Keeping the above in view, it is proposed to treat the effluent produced in washing process and recycle them for reuse. Thus, there will be no discharge of effluent and thereby there would be no adverse impact on surface water quality.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 144
(B) Ground Water Quality :
Ground water quality can only be affected if there is seepage of polluted effluent through storage. In this project, there is no proposal for storage of polluted effluents in a tank through which there can be seepage; so there would be no pollution of ground water.
(C) Noise Level :
Noise generating sources in the plant have been identified to be crushers, screaners, conveyors & transfer point. They are mostly to be enclosed in the plants buildings. Hence their impact on ambient environment will be minimal.
(D) Impact on Flora & Fauna :
The plant area is a waste land. The plant area does not have any forest cover or plantation cover. Thus construction and operation of plant will not have any impact on flora and fauna.
In the study area, there is forest patch on N-E side. An examination of windrose diagram shows that the prevailing wind direction is from NE to SW. Thus, air pollution caused by the project will not have impact on the existing forest patch on N.E. side.
(F) Impact on Socio-economic Profile :
The land required for location of plant and development of project infrastructure is owned by the proponent. Thus, there is no need for acquisition of Pvt. land for the project. On the contrary, the project construction and operation will have positive impact on account of following:
● Creation of employment opportunities ● Creation of income generation opportunities in terms of small contractual works, opportunities in service sector, improvement in physical & social infrastructure on account of CSR activities, etc.
11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES
Activities associated with construction and operation of the plant will have negative impact on environmental attributes. In order to minimize the negative impacts, pollution mitigation measures have been recommended. They are briefly mentioned below.
11.4.1 AIR POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES
Following air pollution mitigation measures have been recommended:
(i) Installation of water sprinkling system at the ground coal stock for raw coal. (ii) Raw coal crushers completely enclosed. (iii) In Coal Handling Plant, water sprinkling system on all transfer points. Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 145 (iv) Belt conveyors handling coal enclosed from side and top. (v) Regular water sprinkling on paved area. (vi) Green Belt along periphery of the plant area. (vii) Tippers carrying raw coal and product coal to be covered. (viii) Green belt along both sides of road.
11.4.2 WATER POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES
(i) Municipal Effluent generated in service buildings, i.e. rest shelter, canteen, office etc. would be treated in septic tank. (ii) Industrial Effluent generated in washery plant will be treated in a series of sedimentation pond. Treated effluent will be recycled for reuse in plant. Thus there will be zero discharge from the plant premises.
11.4.3 NOISE POLLUTION MITIGATION MEASURES
(i) Noise generating stationary sources, i.e. crusher, coal handling plant, etc. to be enclosed. (ii) Coal washing equipments are to be housed inside the building. Thus noise generated by these equipments will not spread. (iii) Vibrating equipments to be provided with vibration control pads to reduce vibration and noise. (iv) Green belt around plant area will help in mitigating noise.
11.4.4 BIO-ENVIRONMENT MITIGATION MEASURES
(i) The site which has been selected for locating plant is free from forest / vegetation cover. Thus construction of plant will not affect flora & fauna. (ii) A patch of forest is located on N.E. side of the plant site. This patch is about 8 Km away. Since this patch is on upwind direction from the plant, air pollution generated by plant operation would not affect level of air pollution in forest patch.
11.4.5 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE
The land which has been selected for location of plant and infrastructure is owned by project proponent. It is free from human habitation. Land is a waste land. Thus construction and operation of plant will not create any R&R issue. However, the project proponent will undertake certain socio-economic development schemes under CSR programme.
11.4.6 OVERALL JUSTIFICATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT
The project relates to washing of raw coal to improve its quality so that it can be used for steel production. Steel industry is core industry. This sector is critical for overall industrial and economic development of the country. Coking coal is an important raw material for iron & steel production and its reserves in India are limited. In view of this, it is necessary that the indigenous resource of coking coal is exploited and used to support the iron & steel industry.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 146 CHAPTER – 12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
12.1 Name of Consulting Firm : 1 Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, Regional Institute-II, Dhanbad. : 2 Centre of Mining Environment, Deptt. of Environmental Science & Engg., Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad- 826004 12.2 Name of Consultants
A Central Mine Planning & Design : 1 Sr. V.K.Sinha, Regional Director, Institute Limited, Regional CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad. Institute-II, Dhanbad. : 2 Sri.A.N.Bahadur, GM(M)/HOD (M) CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad. : 3 Amit Roy, Sr Manager(M), CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad. : 4 Sri P K Shrivastava, Sr. Manager, CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad. : 5 Sri U B Singh, Chief Manager, CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad.
B Centre of Mining Environment, : 1 Dr. Gurdeep Singh Deptt. of Environmental Science HOD, CME, ISM, Dhanbad. & Engg., Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004 : 2 Dr. M. K. Ghosh CME, ISM, Dhanbad.
: 3 Dr.A. K. Pal, CME, ISM, Dhanbad. : 4 Dr.Vishwajit Pal CME, ISM, Dhanbad.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 147 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL FOR COAL WASHERY PROJECTS
Note 1: All information to be given in the form of Annexures should be properly numbered and form part o this proforma
Note 2: No abbreviations to be used – Not available or not applicable should be clearly mentioned
I. General Information
(a) Name of the project : Madhuband NLW Coal Washery (b) Name of the authorized signatory Shri Jaimangal Prasad Project Officer, Madhuband NLW Coal Washery, Block-II (c) Mailing Address Project Officer, Madhuband NLW Coal Washery, Block II Area BCCL, P.O.Nudkhurkee, Dist: Dhanbad, PIN 828307, Jharkhand E-mail : [email protected] Telephone : 9470597931 Fax No 0326-2393108 :
(d) Does the proposal relate to new : New project/expansion/modernization Project
(e)) Plant capacity (TPD : Normative 5.0 MTPA: Peak 6.50 MTPA After expansion/modernization Not Applicable : (f) Whether stand-alone coal washery Integrated Coal Washery or integrated coal washery : (g) Details of MoU/agreement with Available linkages for stand-alone washery
II. Site Information
(a) Location of Coal Washery
Village(s) Tehsil District State
Nawagarh Dhanbad Dhanbad Jharkhand
(b) Geographical information
_ Latitude : 23o45’26” to 23o46’54”
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 148 _ Longitude : 86o11’10” to 86o13’29”
_ Total area envisaged for setting up of project (in ha) : 23 ha
_ Nature of terrain (hilly, valley, plains, coastal plains etc) : Plain
_ Nature of soil (sandy, clayey, sandy loam etc) : Sandy
_ Seismic zone classification : III
_ Does the site falls under CRZ classification? : No
_ Land usage of the proposed project site : Barren Land
_ Indicate area earmarked for each of the following (in ha)
i. Plant facilities : 3.036 ha
ii. Administrative building/workshop : 0.0459 ha
iii. Storage (raw material) : 0.1965 ha
iv. Storage (finished product) : 0.288 ha
v. Storage (hazardous waste) : NIL
vi. Storage (refuse/rejects) : 0.008 ha
vii. Effluent Treatment Plant : 0.027 ha
viii. Approach road (s) : 2.5 ha
ix. Railway sliding : 0.0135 ha
x. Green belt : 1.20 ha
xi. Truck parking facility : 1.12 ha
xii. Others (specify) (Barren Land) : 14.7378 ha
Total : 23.0 ha
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 149 III. Environmental sensitivity details within 10 km from the boundary of the project for applicability of "General Condition (GC)" as per EIA notification dated 14.9.2006 and amendments as on date
S.No Item Name Aerial Distance (in Km) 1 Protected areas notified under NIL - the wild life (Protection) Act, 1972 2 Critically polluted areas as Near by 5-6 identified by the CPCB opencast dumps & open cast projects 3 Eco-sensitive areas as notified NIL - under section 3 of the E (P) Act 1986
4 Inter-state boundaries and NIL - international boundaries
IV. Environmental sensitivity areas as mentioned at column 9(III) of EIA Notification 2006
S.No Areas Name Aerial distance Identity (within Identity 15 km) from project location boundary 1 Areas protected under international NIL - conventions, national or local legislation for their ecological, landscape, cultural or other related value 2 Areas which are important or sensitive for Jamunia 4-5 ecological reasons - Wetlands, River watercourses or other water bodies, coastal zone, biospheres, mountains, forests 3 Areas used by protected, important or None - sensitive species of flora or fauna for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering, migration 4 Inland, coastal, marine or nderground None - waters 5 State, National boundaries None - 6 Routes or facilities used by the public for Dhanbad – 4-5 access to recreation or other tourist, Baghmara pilgrim areas. DB road Hirak road 3-4
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 150 S.No Areas Name Aerial distance Identity (within Identity 15 km) from project location boundary 7 Defense installations None - 8 Densely populated for built-up area Katras 7-8 Baghmara 2-3 9 Areas occupied by sensitive man-made Barora 2-3 land uses (hospitals, schools, places of hospital worship, community facilities) Parasnath 10-12 Jain mandir 10 Areas containing important, high quality None - or scarce resources (ground water resources, surface resources, forestry, agriculture, fisheries, tourism, minerals) 11 Areas already subjected to pollution or Opencast 4-5 environmental damage (those where mines/dumps existing legal environmental standards are exceeded)
12 Areas susceptible to natural hazard which None - could cause the project to present environmental problems (earthquakes, subsidence, land slides, erosion, flooding or extreme or adverse climatic conditions)
0.5 km from Railway lines/National / State Highway should be maintained
Description of the flora/vegetation in the project area and within 1 km from the project boundary.
From the survey data, the area under consideration is not ecologically sensitive. There are no National parks, sanctuaries, biosphere reserves or other protected areas within a 10km boundary of the core zone observations, data and the probable impacts of the coal washing activity on flora and fauna it is concluded that the impacts of the coal washing activity on the flora and fauna is very low and it does not lead to loss of any Rare, Endangered, Endemic and Threatened (REET) species. There is no endemic or endangered special of flora and fauna not observed at the Proposed Madhuband (5MTY) Washery area of the core and buffer zone. Biodiversity Survey conducted by ‘Centre of Mining’ of Department of Env Sciences & Engg, ISM, Dhanbad, and details provided in chapter 3.
Description of fauna (non-domesticated) in the project area and within 1 km from the project boundary
There is no endangered fauna observed at the Proposed Madhuband (5MTY) Washery area of the core and buffer zone. Biodiversity Survey conducted by ‘Centre of Mining’ of Department of Env Sciences & Engg, ISM, Dhanbad, and details provided in chapter 3.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 151
V. Baseline Data
Meteorological Data
Meteorological data collected at meteorological station representing the study area during the study period (1st April 2010 to 30th June 2010) reveals the following status:
(i) Wind Speed/Direction During air quality monitoring period, meteorological station was established on the roof top of the Nehru Nagar. The selected station was free from obstructions for free flow of air from all the direction. Details of the wind speed, frequency distribution and wind direction is given in Table 4.3(Chapter 4 )and accordingly wind rose diagram has been developed for Winter season (April to June 2010). During study period the predominant wind directions were from North, Northeast (April), East & East North east (May) & Northeast & North Northeast (June. The maximum wind speed was 19.8 km/hr (June) and minimum wind speed was0.1 km/hr in April. (ii) Temperature The maximum and minimum temperatures during this period were 45.50C and 22.00C, respectively (iii) Relative Humidity The maximum and minimum relative humidity were 98% and 18.6 % respectively. (iv) Cloud Cover Mostly clear sky was predominant in Aprip and cloudy in May & June . (v) Atmospheric Pressure The average atmospheric pressure value has been found to be around 752 mm Hg. (vi) Rainfall The highest rainfall of 12.5 mm was recorded on 23rd May 2010 in the Study area.
Ambient Air Quality Data
Systematic air quality monitoring was carried out in the study area using Reparable Dust Samplers (Envirotech-make Model APM 460) with thermoelectrically cooled impinger attachment for gaseous sampling. 24-hourly ambient air samples were collected for SPM, PM10, SO2 and NOX. The impinger samples (containing SO2, NOX in specific absorbing solutions) were analyzed spectrophotometrically using Scanning Visible Spectrophotometer (VIS-7200). Improved West-Gaeke method and Jacob & Hocheiser modified methods were
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 152 used for analysis of SO2 and NOX, respectively as per standard methods prescribed by CPCB (July 2003).
Systematic air quality monitoring was carried out in the study area using Respirable Dust Samplers (Envirotech-make Model APM 460) with thermoelectrically cooled impinger attachment for gaseous sampling. 24-hourly ambient air samples were collected for SPM, PM10, SO2 and NOX. The impinger samples (containing SO2, NOX in specific absorbing solutions) were analyzed spectrophotometrically using Scanning Visible Spectrophotometer (VIS-7200). Improved West-Gaeke method and Jacob & Hocheiser modified methods were used for analysis of SO2 and NOX, respectively as per standard methods prescribed by CPCB (July 2003). The detailed methodology and measuring instruments are presented in brief in Chapter 3. Ambient Air Quality Status of the Study Area is summarized below : Particulate Matter (SPM & RPM ) The average SPM concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building, were within the range of 381 to 515 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average SPM concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 263 to 450 μg/m3 and were crossing the permissible level of 200 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 112 to 149 μg/m3 the average concentration was 132 μg/m3 which is below the standard limit The average RPM concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 175to 242 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average RPM (PM10) concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas (were within the range of 140 to 199 μg/m3 and were crossing the permissible level of 100 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. Both the SPM and RPM concentration levels reduced significantly during the days having maximum rain fall. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 54 to 80 μg/m3 the average concentration was 69 μg/m3 which is below the standard limit. Gaseous Pollutants The average SO2 concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 32 to 33 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average SO2 concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 24 to 30 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of 80 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from 11 to 29 μg/m3 the average concentration was 22μg/m3 which is below the standard limit. The average Nox concentration levels at different locations of industrial area (e.g., CISF camp, GM building) were within the range of 32 to 58 μg/m3. These were within the permissible level of statutory norm. Similarly, the average NOx concentration levels at different locations of residential, rural and other areas were within the range of 35 to 51 μg/m3 and were within the permissible level of 80 μg/m3 for residential, rural and other areas. At ISM (control site) concentration varies from
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 153 20 to 38 μg/m3 the average concentration was 30μg/m3 which is below the standard limit. . Overall , Significant levels of air pollutants exists in the area with reference to Particulate Matter (SPM, & RPM ) and gaseous pollutants were recorded high due to higher background levels due to the emission from the various industrial activities (Coal mines, Private Coke ovens, coal washeries, and also domestic burning of coal.
Water Quality Data
Sample Sampling Locations Area Description Code Surface water details: SW1 Jamunia gomoh Madhuban area Approx.3.5 km away bridge from Madhuban washery SW2 Ghutway mine water Madhuban area Approx.3 km away from Madhuban washery SW3 Ghutway village Madhuban area Approx 2 km away from Madhuban washery SW4 Sijua tank Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office SW5 Sijua pond Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office SW6 Block II OCP Madhuban area Approx. 1 km away from Madhuban washery Drinking water: DW1 Sijua Well Madhuban area Approx. 1km away from Damoda office DW2 Ghutway village Madhuban area 2km from Madhuban Washery Mine water/Effluent: E1 Jamunia OCP mine Madhuban area Approx 1.5 km away water from Madhuban area
Status of Surface Water Bodies of the Madhuban area
Sl. Parameter Sample location with code (IS: 2296) No. SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 Surface waters, class “C” Tolerance limit 23. pH 8.45 8.14 7.98 7.88 8.46 8.41 6.5-8.5
24. Electrical 235 508 241 217 259 526 conductivity
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 154 Sl. Parameter Sample location with code (IS: 2296) No. SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 Surface waters, class “C” Tolerance limit (μmhos/cm)
25. TDS (mg/l) 190 382 163 121 173 363 1500
26. TSS (mg/l) 56 31 63 48 51 28
27. Fluoride (mg/l) 0.69 0.58 0.3 0.41 0.82 0.32 1.5 28. Chloride 17 49 15.5 11.5 18 43.2 600 (mg/l) 29. Sulphate 82 350.1 218 24 32.9 183.8 400 (mg/l) 30. Nitrate (mg/l) 0.112 0.127 0.92 0.181 0.252 0.237 50 31. Phosphate 0.54 <0.00 0.14 <0.00 0.17 0.22 (mg/l) 5 3 32. SAR 2.15 0.35 0.31 1.54 1.57 1.63 33. DO (mg/l) 5.6 4.8 6.7 6.2 6.3 4.3 4 34. BOD (mg/l) 8.1 9.34 11.61 9.68 13.71 8.72 3 35. COD (mg/l) 10.9 12.5 16.4 11.3 19.4 10.6 36. Pb (mg/l) <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 0.1 37. Cd (mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 38. Hg (mg/l) <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 6 6 6 6 6 6 39. Cr (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 40. Free ammonia 1.12 <0.02 1.08 1.17 1.11 <0.02 (mg/l)
41. CO2 (mg/l) 4.4 1.4 5.8 1.6 3.6 1.2 42. Oil and Grease 0.06 0.11 0.04 BDL 0.13 0.17 (mg/l) 43. Faecal 96 72 126 103 128 112 Coliforms as MPN/100 ml 44. Total 230 170 350 287 328 280 5000 Coliforms as MPN/100 ml
The water quality of the surface water like ponds and lakes along with the Surface Water Standards (IS: 2296) - Class C (Tolerance limit for stream water used for drinking water sources with conventional treatment followed by disinfection) are given in Table 3.2. It can be seen that the pH of all the water is slightly in alkaline range in Jamunia Gomoh Bridge, which is approximately 3.5 Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 155 km away from Madhuban Washery (pH=8.45), Ghutway mine water (pH=8.14), Ghutway Village (pH=7.98), Sijua Tank (pH=7.88), Sijua Pond (8.46) and Block II OCP surface water (pH= 8.41) which lies within the prescribed standards. The variation in pH profile of various ponds and surface water bodies in Madhuban area
Water quality status of drinking water of the study area Sl No. Parameter Sampling Locations IS: 10500 DW1 DW2 23. pH 8.4 7.51 6.5-8.5 24. Turbidity (NTU) 14.48 8.53 5 25. Electrical conductivity 292 475 (μmhos/cm) 26. TDS (mg/l) 251 247 500 27. Total hardness (mg/l) 180 200 300 28. Calcium hardness (mg/l) 110 140 75 29. Magnesium hardness (mg/l) 70 60 30 30. Fluoride (mg/l) 0.5 0.46 1.0 31. Chloride (mg/l) 8.1 39 250 32. Nitrate (mg/l) <0.001 <0.001 45 33. Phosphate (mg/l) 0.25 0.49 34. Percent Sodium 22.5 45.1 35. BOD (mg/l) <1 <1 36. COD (mg/l ) 12.43 2.64 37. Pb (mg/l) <0.06 <0.06 0.05 38. Cd (mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 0.01 39. Hg (mg/l) <0.006 <0.006 0.001 40. Fe (mg/l) <0.05 0.13 0.3 41. Cr+3 (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 42. Cr+6 (mg/l) <0.05 <0.05 0.05 43. Faecal Coliforms as MPN/100 Nil Nil Nil ml 44. Total coliforms as MPN/100 ml Nil Nil 1
To assess the status of drinking water quality of Madhuban area, water samples from Sijua Well (DW1) and a tubewell from Ghutway Village (DW2) were collected and analyzed for various water quality parameters. The characteristics of water samples of Madhuban area along with the drinking water quality standard (as per the IS 10,500: 1993) . It can be seen from the table that pH of the tube well water collected from all the sampling locations was within the permissible range as per the drinking water standards. The variation in pH profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area . Turbidity of the water samples varied from 8.73 to 14.48 NTU. Turbidity of the drinking waters in Sijua Well and Ghutway village was found to exceed the desirable limit (5 NTU). The variation in turbidity profile of various drinking water sources of Madhuban area
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 156
Effluent Water Quality status of the study area S.N. Parameters Sample Location IS 2490:1996 EW 1 (Inland surface water) 1 Colour (Hazen units) <6 -
2 Temperature (°C) 22.5 45
3 pH 8.17 5.5 – 9.0
4 BOD (5 Days at 20 °C), mg/L BDL 30
5 COD, mg/L 83.2 250
6 Total Dissolved Solids, mg/L 422 2100
7 Total Suspended Solids, mg/L 56.8 -
8 Oil and Grease, mg/L 6 10
9 Total Residual Chlorine, mg/L Nil 1
10 Chloride (as Cl-), mg/L 51 1000
11 Fluorides as (F-), mg/L 0.7 2.0
12 Total Nitrogen (as N), mg/L 10 -
13 Kjeldhal Nitrogen, mg/L 7.3 100
14 Free Ammonia as (NH3), mg/L 3.2 5
-- 15 Sulphates (as SO4 ), mg/L 504.48 1000
16 Cyanide (as CN-), mg/L 0.007 0.2
17 Dissolved Phosphate as P, mg/L - 5
18 Iron (as Fe), mg/L 1.6 -
19 Lead (as Pb), mg/L <0.06 0.1
20 Mercury (as Hg), mg/L <0.006 0.01
21 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/L <0.01 2.0
22 Copper (as Cu), mg/L 0.02 3.0
23 Selenium (as Se), mg/L <0.005 0.05
24 Boron (as B), mg/L <0.01 2.0
25 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L <0.02 5.0
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 157 S.N. Parameters Sample Location IS 2490:1996 EW 1 (Inland surface water) 26 Arsenic (as As), mg/L <0.001 0.2
27 Chromium (as Cr+6), mg/L <0.05 0.1
28 Nickel (As Ni), mg/L <0.005 3.0
29 Phenolic Compounds, mg/L 0.017 1.0
30. Sulphide (as S), mg/L 1.6 2.0
It can be seen from the table that pH of the mine water collected from the sampling location was within the permissible range as per the Inland Surface Water quality standards. The TDS concentration in Jamunia OCP mine water was 422 mg/L, which is within the permissible Inland Surface Water quality standards.TSS has been found in the concentration of 56.8 mg/L. Cyanide and phenol were in the concentration of 0.007 and 0.017 mg/L, respectively, which is much below the permissible standards (0.2 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L, respectively). Heavy metal analysis of the drinking water samples indicated that all the heavy metals, i.e., lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, Boron, Zinc, Nickel, Arsenic and chromium in the mine water were well below the detection limit (BDL). Iron has been detected in the Jamunia OCP mine water in the concentration of 1.6 mg/L and copper was detected in trace amount (0.02 mg/L).
VI. Human Settlement
With in the project site With in 1 km from the project boundary Population* 106282
No. of villages 68
Number of households 20987 village-wise
VII. Surface Drainage Pattern at Proposed Coal Washery Site
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 158 Does the project requires any modification / diversion in the existing natural drainage pattern at any stage? If yes, when. Provide location map indicating contours, dimensions of water body to be diverted, direction of flow of water and proposed route / changes, if any i.e. alignment of river / nallah / any other water body falling within core zone and its impact.
The project does not require ant diversion / modification of existing natural drainage system.
VIII. Raw Materials and Manufacturing Process a. Raw materials requirement at peak rated capacity : 6.5 mty coal, 6,500 tonnes magnetite b. Brief description of the process with flow diagram: Plate-12 (Enclosed) c. Alternate technologies considered : State of the art technology is being adopted d. Reasons for selecting the proposed technology on environmental Considerations:
Five stage coal beneficiation process, which is one of the latest technology will be adopted leading to clean coal Production with minimum fine generation, totally closed water recirculation system. In addition:
The selection of coal washing technology has been derived from the raw coal washability test data to achieve maximum revenue with proper conservation of safety environment, minimum land use, proper care for the nearby surrounding. The washability test data indicates requirement of three stages washing to achieve metallurgical as well as power grade coal suiting to the MoEF Guidelines . The main Technology of washing of this project is a three stage washing with Jig & Cyclone as main washing equipment. Where Jig will perform as a primary deshaler to remove extraneous materials and cyclone will produce clean coal and power grade coal. The technology envisaged is a zero effluent discharge from coal washing to the near by surrounding. Adequate dust suppression system has also been envisaged.
IX. Transportation Details (Road/Rail/Conveyors/Ropeway/Waterway) a. Mode and details of transportation for raw coal : By Road b. Mode and details of transportation of washed coal : By Rail c. Mode and details of transportation of rejects : By internal road d. Whether the existing infrastructure for transportation is adequate or not? : Yes If no provide details of alternative proposal
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 159
X. Water Management a. Source of water : from BCCL Jamunia dam/reservoir b. Whether availability and suitability of mine : Yes discharge water /power plant effluents etc are explored? c. Water requirement (KLD) : 1350 m3 /day d. Waste water generation : No waste water will be generated. e. Description of wastewater treatment plant with : flow chart
CONCEPTUAL WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM FOR MADHUBAND COAL WASHERY, BCCL
FRESH WATER / MAKE UP WATER REQUIREMENT IN M3/h
Jamunia Reservior
90
Clarified Water Tank 1471.21 6.7 Washing 1531.46 46.56 Thickner Miscellaneous 1
20 2
Dust Suppression/ Horticulture/Sanitation/ 1517.77 Sprinkling Green Belt Maintenance 20 Raw Coal Water
Plant
42.05 20.58 17.63
Water going out Water goint out Water going out with Clean coal with Middlings with Rejects f. Details of recycling mechanism proposed :
The underflow of thickener may also be fed to slime pond for settling and natural drying in case of emergency and subsequent reclamation of the dried fines as and when required. The overflow water of slime ponds will be pumped back to overflow sump of Radial Thickener for reuse in the process. Clarified water, overflowing from the Thickener, will be pumped back to the plant for reuse. Provision of surface run-off settling pond shall be provided, overflow water of the settling pond shall be utilised for dust suppression, washing process and in case due to some genuine problems like heavy rainfall, it become necessary to discharge the effluent to land, the effluent shall conform to the standards at the final outlet of the coal washery.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 160
g. Characteristics of waste water stream (s) before : Not Applicable and after treatment
Waste stream & Characteristics Point of disposal Quantity (KLD) Before After The plant is NA NA NA designed for zero discharge
XI. Air Emissions :
Fugitive/source emissions Control system
Transportation of raw coal to the plant Frequent and at regular intervals, and washed coal from the plant to the water will be sprayed on coal siding and transportation of rejects transport roads, service roads. Mobile water sprinkler and fixed water sprinkler will be provided in the project for dust suppression. Surfacing of all service roads/permanent roads by asphalt. The permanent haul roads will be boulder pitched and maintained properly. The unmetalled roads shall be kept free of ruts, potholes, etc. Physical removal of dust from the roads. Greenbelts around quarry, industrial sites, service building area besides avenue plantation along roads. Coal Transfer points Suppression of coal dust during coal handling by fine nozzle mounted fixed sprinklers.
The crusher of shall be provided with Coal crushing and screening enclosures fitted with suitable air pollution control measures and finally emitted through a stack of minimum height of 30m
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 161
HEMM Operation Regular maintenance of HEMM engines to limit emission of harmful exhaust fumes. Provision of gas filter for exhaust fumes from HEMM.
Proper dimensions of stack (height to Coal stock be limited to not more than 8m).
Dozing/compaction to make the stock
semi-consolidated. Regular and strict
supervision of stacks. Raw coal stock
shall take place in washery break- down and maintenance situation only. Provision of fire fighting arrangement with supply of adequate quantity of water at sufficient pressure. Infusion of nitrogen along with new fire fighting chemicals like 'Soil-Cement', through perforated pipes laid in the grooves made on the ground to delay spontaneous heating by reducing/preventing ingress of oxygen or air into the stack.
XII. Solid Waste Management : No waste is generated. The rejects generated will be used for power generation in the proposed CFBC TPP at Dugda
Type of waste Categorization Quantity Storage Method of as per HW (TPM) facility disposal Rules (open/covere
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 162 d/silo etc)
Coal rejects Storage – Despatched with 66.9% 55000 Reject Hopper to proposed ash and FBC TPP dispatched to proposedFBC Power Plant
XIII. Noise Pollution Control and Management
a. Source : A systematic ambient noise quality monitoring was conducted covering industrial, commercial, and residential areas of Madhuban & Damoda Area.
b. Abatement measures: . Proper designing of plant & machinery by providing in-built mechanisms like silencers, mufflers and enclosures for noise generating parts and shock absorbing pads at the foundation of vibrating equipment. . Routine maintenance of equipment. . Rational deployment of noise generating plant and machinery. . Greenbelts around the Washery, infrastructure sites and service building area besides avenue plantation on both sides of the roads . To maintain noise level at night time within the limit for the inhabited localities situated at a very close proximity. . All transport equipments provided with sound proof cabins. . Personal protective devices to all the persons working in high noise areas. . Regular monitoring of noise levels at various points.
XIV. Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) Plan (where ever applicable)
Not applicable in this proposed washery.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 163 XV. Environmental Management Plan
a. Details of Pollution Control Systems:
Existing Proposed
Air __ # Frequent and at regular intervals, water will be sprayed on coal transport roads, service roads. Mobile water sprinklers will be provided in the project for dust suppression.
# Suppression of coal dust during coal handling by fine nozzle mounted fixed sprinklers.
# Sufficient water sprinkler shall be provided for dust suppression for roads, approach roads etc.
# Surfacing of all service roads/permanent roads by asphalt.
# The length of haul road will be reduced to the minimum possible. The permanent haul roads will be boulder pitched and maintained properly.
# The unmetalled roads shall be kept free of ruts, potholes, etc.
# Regular maintenance of HEMM engines to limit emission of harmful exhaust fumes.
# Provision of gas filter for exhaust fumes from HEMM.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 164 # Physical removal of dust from the roads.
# Greenbelts around quarry, industrial sites, service building area besides avenue plantation along roads.
# Proper dimensions of stack (height to be limited to not more than 8m).
# Dozing/compaction to make the stock semi-consolidated.
# Regular and strict supervision of stacks.
# Provision of fire fighting arrangement with supply of adequate quantity of water at sufficient pressure.
# Infusion of nitrogen along with new fire fighting chemicals like 'Soil- Cement', through perforated pipes laid in the grooves made on the ground to delay spontaneous heating by reducing/preventing ingress of oxygen or air into the stack.
Water __ # Slime pond with Zero discharge facility. # Surface run-off water settling pond with reutilization of treated water provision given # Drainage system (Pucca) network
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 165 provision provided. Noise __ # Enclosing the process operations with rubber sheets / acoustic arrangements where more noise is likely to be generated including windows, leaving adequate ventilation for the work. # Use of silencer for equipments such as diesel sets and air displacement equipments # Provision of mandatory acoustic enclosure (s)/acoustic treatment of room (s) for stationary DG sets (5KVA and above). # The DG set should also be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum 25 dB (A). # Environmental specifications for equipment purchase to meet the noise standards Solid Waste __ Washery rejects will be dispatched to proposed FBC Power Plant .
b. Expenditure on environmental measures:
S. No Capital cost Annual Depriciation (Rs. In Lakhs) cost (Rs. In Lakhs) Proposed Proposed 1 Pollution control (provide break-up separately) 2 Pollution monitoring 28296.46 - (provide break-up separately) 3 Fire fighting & emergency Handling
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 166 4 Green Belt 5 Training in the area of environment & occupational health 6 Others (specify)
c. Details of organizational set up/cell for environmental management and monitoring:
d. Details of community welfare/peripheral development programmes envisaged/being undertaken by the project proponent:
The proposed washery is under the administrative area of Block II of BCCL which will spend Rs. 242.5 lakhs per year for CSR activities which includes:
. To meet the acute shortage of drinking water in peripheral villages. Action has been taken to supply water by Water tankers mounted on Tractor chasis . Block II Area of BCCL have been equipped with Mobile Medical Vans to impart medical assistance to people residing nearby villages.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 167 . Includes free medicines/medical check-up ,AIDS awareness camps . Recognition of meritorious students of the area who compete IIT shall be felicitated . One girl child from a non BCCL family is being picked every year by ‘BCCL Nari Shakti Samiti’ from schools after class X and financially helped for further studies. . Rural electrification. . Renovation of ghats and ponds for the local villages. . Provision of school, PCC road, mine water for domestic use, lighting etc. to be provided for adjacent villages.
XVI. Compliance with Environmental Safeguards (for existing units) a. Status of the compliance of conditions of Environmental : Proposed unit, Not Clearance issued by MoEF, if any enclosed Applicable b. Status of compliance of 'Consent to Operate' issued by Yes No: Proposed unit, SPCB, if any, enclosed Not Applicable c. Latest 'Environmental Statement' enclosed Yes No Proposed unit, Not Applicable
XVII. Compliance with standards notified under E (P) Act 1986
Standards Proposal
Fugitive emission standards
The difference in the value of suspended particulate matter; delta (D), measure between 25 and 30 meter from the enclosure of coal crushing plant in the The proposed washery is located in downward and leeward wind direction Jharia Coalfield . Thus ambient shall not exceed 150 microgram per airquality standards shall be complied cubic meter. Method of measurement as per SO: 742(E) shall be High Volume Sampling and Average flow rate, not less than 1.1 m3 per minute, using upwind downwind method of measurement.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 168 Standards Proposal
Effluent discharge standards The coal Washeries shall maintain the close circuit operation with zero effluent discharge.
If in case due to some genuine problems like periodic cleaning of the system, heavy rainfall etc. it become necessary to discharge The Coal washery will have close the effluent to sewer land stream circuit operation with zero effluent then the effluent shall conform to discharge. However during storm the following standards at the final period the prescribed norms will be outlet of the coal washery complied with.
S. No Parameter Limits 1 PH 5.5-9.0 2 Total suspended solids 100 mg/l 3 Oil & grease 10 mg/l 4 B.O.D (3 days 27 deg C) 30 mg/l 5 COD 250 mg/l 6 Phenolics 1.0 mg/l
Noise level standards Operational/working zone-not to exceed 85 dB (A) Leq for 8 hours exposure. The ambient air quality standards GOI Notification dated 26/12/1989, in respect on noise as notified vide (GSR 1063(E),will be complied under Environmental (Protection) with. Rules, 1986 shall be followed at the boundary line of the coal washery.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 169 Standards Proposal
Code of practice for Coal Washery
Water or water mixed chemical shall be sprayed at all strategic coal transfer points such as conveyors, loading/unloading points etc. as far as practically possible conveyors. Transfer points etc. shall be provided with enclosures.
The crushers/pulverisers of the coal Washeries shall be provided with enclosures fitted with suitable air pollution control measures and finally emitted through a stack of minimum height of 30m. Conforming particulate matter emission standard of 150 mg/Nm3 or provided with adequate water sprinkling arrangement.
Water sprinkling by using fine atomizer arrangement shall be Prescribed norms will be complied provided on the coal heaps and with on around the crushers/ pulverizers.
Area, in and the coal washery shall be pucca either asphalted or concreted.
Water consumption in the coal washery shall not exceed 1.5 cubic meters per tonne of coal.
The efficiency of the setting ponds of the wastewater treatment system of the coal washery shall not be less than 90%
Green belt shall be developed along the roadside, coal handling plants, residential complex, office building and all around the
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 170 Standards Proposal
boundary line of the coal washery.
Storage bunkers, hoppers, rubber decks in chutes and centrifugal chutes shall be provided with proper rubber linings.
Vehicles movement in the coal washery area shall be regulated effectively to avoid traffic congestion. High-pressure horn shall be prohibited. Smoke emission from heavy duty vehicle operating in the coal Washeries should confirm the standards prescribed under Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989.
XVIII. Public Hearing :
(a) Date of Advertisement 28.12.2010
(b) Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared Hindustan Times, Ranchi Prabhat Khabar, Dhanbad
(c) Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YYYY) 28.01.2011
(d) Public Hearing Panel chaired by & members present
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 171 Shri Balmiki Prasad Singh, Additional District Magistrate (Law & Order), Dhanbad
Shri Ravindra Sharma, DDC, Dhanbad
Shri Dinesh Prasad Singh, Regional Officer, JSPCB, Dhanbad
Shri Kamlakant Pathak, Junior Environmental Engineer, Jharkhand State Pollution Control Dept., Dhanbad
Shri Manoj Kumar, Assistant Scientist, Jharkhand State Pollution Control Dept., Ranchi
Shri D.C. Jha, Director(Technical), BCCL, Dhanbad
Shri Prem Sagar Mishra, General Manager, BCCL, Dhanbad
Shri Jaimangal Prasad, Project Officer, BCCL, Dhanbad
Shri Arun Kumar, Dy. General Manager (Planning), BCCL, Dhanbad
Shri. V.K. Sinha, Regional Director, CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad.
Shri A.N. Bahadur, General Manager, CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad.
Shri.Amit Roy, Sr. Manager, CMPDIL, RI-II, Dhanbad.
(e) No. of people attended the public hearing meeting Total Attendance - 193 and number of people from the lease area.
(f) Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form.
Issues raised by the Public Response/Commitment of Project Proponents
Enclosed in Annexure III Enclosed in Annexure III
(g) Observations made by the public hearing panel:
Enclosed in Annexure III
XIX. Court Cases :
Was / is there any court case relating to the project or related activities? So, provide details present status.
There is no court case relating to the project or project related activities.
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 172
Verification: The data and information given in this proforma are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.
Date : Sri. Keshav Gupta, Place : General Manager (Environment Koyla Bhavan, Bharat Coking Coal Limited, Dist: Dhanbad, State: Jharkhand, PIN: 826005
[*authorized signatory] Given under the seal of organisation on behalf of whom the applicant is signing
Proposed Madhuband NLW Washery EIA_EMP TEXT(FINAL) Job No. 200310002 173