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Bemerkungen Zur Morphologie Und Taxonomie Der Östlich Der Wallacea

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Bemerkungen Zur Morphologie Und Taxonomie Der Östlich Der Wallacea Übersetzung der Arbeit „HERBERT RÖSLER, STEPHEN J. RICHARDS & RAINER GÜNTHER (2007): Remarks on morphology and taxonomy of geckos of the genus Cyrtodactylus occurring east of Wallacea, with descriptions of two new species (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae). - Salamandra, Rheinbach, 43(4): 193-230". Bemerkungen zur Morphologie und Taxonomie der östlich der Wallacea vorkommenden Geckos der Gattung Cyrtodactylus GRAY, 1827, mit Beschreibungen von zwei neuen Arten (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae) Zusammenfassung: Von den meisten östlich der Wallacea vorkommenden Cyrtodactylus-Arten sind in der Literatur nur wenige Angaben zur Morphologie bekannt. Es ist deshalb Hauptziel der vorliegenden Arbeit, diese Sachlage zu verbessern. Anhand älteren und neueren Sammlungsmaterials aus zahlreichen Museen werden detaillierte Angaben zu wich­ tigen Körpermaßen und -proportionen und zur Färbung und Zeichnung der insgesamt 16 Cyrtodactylus-Arten ge­ macht, die östlich der Lydekker-Linie vorkommen. Ähnliche Spezies werden miteinander verglichen und vonein­ ander abgegrenzt. Es wird Stellung zum gegenwärtigen Status der einzelnen Formen und ihrer Synonyme bezogen. Basierend auf pholidotischen Merkmalen, der Färbung und Zeichnung sowie der Maße werden Artengruppen abge­ grenzt, wobei mit den vorhandenen Mitteln nicht abgesichert werden konnte, ob es sich dabei um monophyletische Einheiten handelt. Auf Grundlage neuer Aufsammlungen werden zwei neue Arten beschrieben, eine davon lebt auf der Salomonen-Insel Santa Isabel und die andere in der Southern Highlands Province von Papua New Guinea. Schlagwörter: Reptilia, Squamata, Sauria, Cyrtodactylus, neue Art, Wallacea. Einleitung lien verbreitet sind. Fünf weitere Arten dieser Region wurden später beschrieben (RÖSLER Die Wallacea, auch als Indoaustralisches Zwi­ 2000, WELLS 2002, GÜNTHER & RöSLER 2003, schengebiet bezeichnet, ist zoogeographisch KRAUS & ALLISON 2006, KRAUS 2007). betrachtet eine aus Inseln bestehende Zone Der Kenntnisstand zur Morphologie und mit einer unterschiedlichen Durchmischung Taxonomie der in Australien, auf den Inseln von Tieren aus der Orientalis und Australis. im Bereich des Sahul-Schelfgebietes und auf Die Nordwestgrenze der Wallacea bildet die den Salomonen vorkommenden Cyrtodacty­ Wallace-Linie, die Südostgrenze die Lydek­ lus-Arten ist noch lückenhaft. Für Neuguinea ker-Linie. Von den größeren Inseln liegen und die Salomonen ist zu bemerken, dass ein­ westlich der Wallace-Linie Borneo und Suma­ zelnen Artbeschreibungen während und nach tra und östlich der Lydekker-Linie Neuguinea der Kolonialzeit umfangreichere Bearbeitun­ (SEDLAG & WEINERT 1987, SEDLAG 1995). gen der Amphibien und Reptilien folgten (u. Die Gattung Cyrtodactylus GRAY, 1827 (Fa­ a. VoGT 1911, 1932, DE RoOIJ 1915, DE JoNG milie Gekkonidae) ist mit zahlreichen Arten 1927), doch wurden diese nur sporadisch in Indien, Myanmar, Thailand, Kambodscha, durch neue Forschungsergebnisse ergänzt Vietnam und Malaysia hauptsächlich in der (u. a. BROWN & McCoY 1980, McCoY 1980, Orientalis verbreitet. Südlich ist sie bis in die 2006, ZWEIFEL 1980). Selbst der in den Stan­ Australis (nördliches Australien) vorgedrun­ dardwerken zur Herpetologie Australiens (u. gen. Östlich der Lydekker-Linie sind nach a. LOVERIDGE 1934, WüRRELL 1963, BUSTARD BAUER (1994) neun Cyrtodactylus-Arten be­ 1970, COGGER 1975, 2000, WILSON & KNOW­ kannt, die in Neuguinea und auf zahlreichen LES 1988, EHMANN 1992, WILSON & SWAN weiteren Inseln sowie im nördlichen Austra- 2003) regelmäßig aufgeführte Cyrtodactylus DER SALAMANDER, Rheinbach, 20 .11.2007, 3(4): 193-230, ISSN: 1860-6644. © 2007 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde e.V. (DGHT) 193 ,louisiadensis' hat erst kürzlich eine taxonomi­ ton; ZMA = Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit sche Veränderung erfahren (WELLS 2002). van Amsterdam; ZMB = Zoologisches Muse­ Darüber hinaus wurden die Cyrtodacty­ um Berlin, jetzt Museum für Naturkunde der lus-Arten Australiens, Neuguineas und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; ZMS = Zoo­ Salomonen sowie einiger anderer Inseln in logische Staatssammlung, München. Katalog­ herpetologischen Faunenlisten (u. a. WER­ nummern und Fundorte der Belege sind im NER 1901, LOVERIDGE 1948, BROWN & PARKER Anhang 2 genannt. 1973, INGRAM & COVACEVICH 1981, COGGER Die morphometrischen Werte basieren auf et al. 1983, WELLS & WELLINGTON 1984, 1985, Messungen mit einem Messschieber (0,5 mm O' SHEA 1991, RöSLER et al. 2005) und rein Genauigkeit). Die Färbung wurde anhand der taxonomischen Übersichten mit Angabe ih­ Farbtafeln von GRALLERT & ROLAND (1960) rer Verbreitung zitiert (u. a. WERMUTH 1965, bestimmt. Verwendete Abkürzungen: KRL = WELCH et al. 1990, WELCH 1994). Die aktu­ Kopf-Rumpflänge, SL = Schwanzlänge, KL = ellste Zusammenstellung östlich der Wallacea Kopflänge (von der Schnauzenspitze bis Ohr­ vorkommender Arten der Gattung Cyrtodac­ hinterrand), KB = maximale Kopfbreite, KH tylus findet sich in der Liste der Geckos Aus­ = maximale Kopfuöhe, SV-AV = Abstand traliens und Ozeaniens von BAUER (1994). Schnauzenspitze bis Augenvorderrand, AH­ Die vorliegende Untersuchung enthält OH = Abstand Augenhinterrand bis Ohrhin­ neue morphologische Befunde über wenig be­ terrand. SP = Supralabialia, SB = Sublabialia, kannte, östlich der Wallacea vorkommender N = Nasalia (von dorsal nach ventral: Naso­ Cyrtodactylus-Arten und informiert über ihre rostralia, Supranasalia, Postnasalia), I = Inter­ Taxonomie. Zusätzlich werden viele der abge­ nasalia, PM = Postmentalia, SHP = Schuppen handelten Arten erstmalig lebend abgebildet. hinter den Postmentalia, RTR = Rückentuber• Weiterhin werden zwei neue Arten beschrie­ kelreihen, TLF = Tuberkel der Lateralfalte, V ben, und es wird eine Gruppierung der Arten = Ventralia, LZ1 und LZ4 = Subdigitalschup­ auf morphologischer Basis vorgenommen. pen und -lamellen unter der 1. und 4. Zehe, VPS = vergrößerte Präanofemoralschuppen (wenn vorhanden, die in der Regel winkel­ Material und Methoden förmig angeordnete, durchgehend verlaufen­ de letzte Reihe der Ventralia und der vergrö• Grundlage unserer Untersuchungen sind in ßerten Schuppen unter den Oberschenkeln; Alkohol (78 o/oig) konservierte Exemplare und Männchen, selten auch Weibchen, besitzen Fotos lebender Tiere. Von zwei Arten: Cyrto­ eine artspezifische Anzahl von Präanofemo• dactylus derongo und C. rnurua standen uns ralschuppen im Zentrum, bzw. näher an ih­ keine Belege zur Verfügung. rem Vorder- oder Hinterrand eine Pore). Drei Untersucht wurde Material aus folgenden Typen von Analporen können unterschieden Museen und Sammlungen: AMS = Australian werden: PP = Präanalporen (Poren in Schup­ Museum, Sydney; BMNH = British Museum pen, die anterior des Kloakalspaltes liegen (Natural History), jetzt Tue Natural Histo­ und nicht bis auf die Oberschenkel reichen), ry Museum, London; BPBM = Bernic P. Bi­ FP = Fernoralporen (Poren in Schuppen, die shop Museum, Honolulu; CPHR = Sammlung ausschließlich auf der Unterseite der Ober­ H. Rösler; JCUNQ = Sammlung S. Richards; schenkel liegen), PFP = Präanofemoralporen MTD D = Staatliches Museum für Tierkun­ (Poren in Schuppen, die eine winkelförmi• de, Dresden; MNHN = Museum national ge Reihe bilden und unterschiedlich weit bis d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; RMNH = Rijks­ auf die Oberschenkeln reichen, maximal bis museum van Natuurlijke History, jetzt Nati­ zum Knie, siehe RöSLER 2005), Z = Zwischen­ onal Museum of Natural History/Naturalis, schuppen (glatte Schuppen ohne Poren, die Leiden; SAMA = South Australian Museum, entweder a: die Präanal- von den Fernoralpo­ Adelaide; USNM = National Museum ofNatu­ ren trennen oder b: median die Präanofemo• ral History, Smithsonian Institution, Washing- ralporen trennen), PAT = Postanaltuberkel, 194 TR1 W = Tuberkelreihen im 1. Schwanzwirtel, Cyrtodactylus biordinis wurde nach dem T1W = Tuberkel im 1. Schwanzwirtel, T5W = Holotypus und sechs Paratypen beschrieben. Tuberkel im 5. Schwanzwirte!, SR3W = dorsa­ Die Terra typica ist der Mount Austen, Gudal­ le Schuppenreihen im 3. Schwanzwirte!. canal, Salomonen. C. biordinis erreicht eine Politisch gehört der westliche Teil der In­ KRL von 94 mm, Subcaudalia nicht verbrei­ sel Neuguinea zu Indonesien (Provinz Papua), tert, Männchen mit 11-14 Präanalporen und in der östliche Teil bildet den Staat Papua Neu­ zwei Reihen angeordneter Fernoralporen (23- guinea. Zu Papua Neuguinea gehören u. a. die 28 in der anterior verlaufenden und 15-21 in Insel Bougainville und der Louisiade-Archi­ der posterior verlaufenden Reihe); arttypisch pel. Geographisch schließt sich der Louisiade­ ein U-förmiges Nuchalband, dessen Bogen bis Archipel östlich an Papua Neuguinea an, wäh• hinter die Schulter reicht (BROWN & McCoY rend die Insel Bougainville eine zu den Salo­ 1980, McCoY 1980, 2006). Zwei von uns un­ monen gehörende Insel darstellt. Die politi­ tersuchte Exemplare von C. biordinis (MTD D schen Grenzen der Insel Neuguinea bleiben in 34402 und ZSM 73/1999, Fundort beider Ex­ den geographischen Angaben zur Verbreitung emplare: Solomon Islands) stimmen morpho­ der Arten hier weitgehend unberücksichtigt. logisch mit den Angaben in der Originalbe­ Verschiedene der nachfolgend besproche­ schreibung überein. nen Taxa (louisiadensis, loriae, mimikanus, novaeguineae, papuensis, sermowaiensis) wur­ Cyrtodactylus derongo BROWN & PARKER, den ursprünglich als Arten der Gattung Gym­ 1973 nodactylus SPIX, 1825 beschrieben. Sie wurden Cyrtodactylus derongo wurde nach dem so lange als der Gattung Gymnodactylus ange­ Holotypus und fünf Paratypen beschrieben hörend aufgefasst, bis UNDERWOOD
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