A History and Analysis of Baseball's Three Antitrust Exemptions
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PRIDE 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E The African-American Baseball Experience Cuban Giants season ticket, 1887 A f r i c a n -American History Baseball History Courtesy of Larry Hogan Collection National Baseball Hall of Fame Library 1 8 4 5 KNICKERBOCKER RULES The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club establishes modern baseball’s rules. Black Teams Become Professional & 1 8 5 0 s PLANTATION BASEBALL The first African-American professional teams formed in As revealed by former slaves in testimony given to the Works Progress FINDING A WAY IN HARD TIMES 1860 – 1887 the 1880s. Among the earliest was the Cuban Giants, who Administration 80 years later, many slaves play baseball on plantations in the pre-Civil War South. played baseball by day for the wealthy white patrons of the Argyle Hotel on Long Island, New York. By night, they 1 8 5 7 1 8 5 7 Following the Civil War (1861-1865), were waiters in the hotel’s restaurant. Such teams became Integrated Ball in the 1800s DRED SCOTT V. SANDFORD DECISION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BA S E BA L L PL AY E R S FO U N D E D lmost as soon as the game’s rules were codified, Americans attractions for a number of resort hotels, especially in The Supreme Court allows slave owners to reclaim slaves who An association of amateur clubs, primarily from the New York City area, organizes. R e c o n s t ruction was meant to establish Florida and Arkansas. This team, formed in 1885 by escaped to free states, stating slaves were property and not citizens. -
Time to Drop the Infield Fly Rule and End a Common Law Anomaly
A STEP ASIDE TIME TO DROP THE INFIELD FLY RULE AND END A COMMON LAW ANOMALY ANDREW J. GUILFORD & JOEL MALLORD† I1 begin2 with a hypothetical.3 It’s4 the seventh game of the World Series at Wrigley Field, Mariners vs. Cubs.5 The Mariners lead one to zero in the bottom of the ninth, but the Cubs are threatening with no outs and the bases loaded. From the hopeful Chicago crowd there rises a lusty yell,6 for the team’s star batter is advancing to the bat. The pitcher throws a nasty † Andrew J. Guilford is a United States District Judge. Joel Mallord is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Law School and a law clerk to Judge Guilford. Both are Dodgers fans. The authors thank their friends and colleagues who provided valuable feedback on this piece, as well as the editors of the University of Pennsylvania Law Review for their diligent work in editing it. 1 “I is for Me, Not a hard-hitting man, But an outstanding all-time Incurable fan.” OGDEN NASH, Line-Up for Yesterday: An ABC of Baseball Immortals, reprinted in VERSUS 67, 68 (1949). Here, actually, we. See supra note †. 2 Baseball games begin with a ceremonial first pitch, often resulting in embarrassment for the honored guest. See, e.g., Andy Nesbitt, UPDATE: 50 Cent Fires back at Ridicule over His “Worst” Pitch, FOX SPORTS, http://www.foxsports.com/buzzer/story/50-cent-worst-first-pitch-new-york- mets-game-052714 [http://perma.cc/F6M3-88TY] (showing 50 Cent’s wildly inaccurate pitch and his response on Instagram, “I’m a hustler not a damn ball player. -
Ahc CAR 015 017 007-Access.Pdf
•f THE...i!jEW===¥i^i?rmiES, DAY, OCTOBER 22, 19M. ly for Per^i^sion to Shift to Atlanta Sra ves/Will Ask Leag ^ ^ " ' NANCE DOEMOB, Ewbank Calls for Top Jet Effort ISl A gainstUnbeatenBillsSaturday ELECTRONICS SYRACUSE By DEANE McGOWEN llback, a DisappointmEnt The Buffalo Bills, the only un The Bills also lead in total of defeated team in professional fense—397 yards a game, 254 2 Years, Now at Pea football, were the primary topic yards passing and 143 rushing. statement Given Out Amid of conversation at the New Jets Have the Power By ALLISON DANZIG York Jets' weekly luncheon yes High Confusion — Giles Calls Special to The New York Times terday. The Jets' tough defense plus SYRACUSE, Oct. 21 — Af The Jets go to Buffalo to face the running of Matt Snell and Tuner complete the passing of Dick Wood are Owners to Meeting Here two years of frustration, the Eastern Division leaders of being counted on by Ewbank to once Nance is finally performing the American Football League Saturday night, and for the handle the Bills. like another Jim Brown, find Snell, the rookie fullback who 0 watt Stereo Amplifier ModelXA — CHICAGO, Oct. 21 (AP)— Syracuse finds itself among the charges of Weeb Ewbank the ^udio Net $159.95 CQR OA pulverizes tacklers with his in New low price i^WviUU The Milwaukee Braves board of top college football teams ill the game will be the moment of stant take-off running and his directors voted today to request nation The Orange is leading truth. second-effort power, is the New .mbert "Their personnel is excellent AM, FM. -
Mathematics for the Liberal Arts
Mathematics for Practical Applications - Baseball - Test File - Spring 2009 Exam #1 In exercises #1 - 5, a statement is given. For each exercise, identify one AND ONLY ONE of our fallacies that is exhibited in that statement. GIVE A DETAILED EXPLANATION TO JUSTIFY YOUR CHOICE. 1.) "According to Joe Shlabotnik, the manager of the Waxahachie Walnuts, you should never call a hit and run play in the bottom of the ninth inning." 2.) "Are you going to major in history or are you going to major in mathematics?" 3.) "Bubba Sue is from Alabama. All girls from Alabama have two word first names." 4.) "Gosh, officer, I know I made an illegal left turn, but please don't give me a ticket. I've had a hard day, and I was just trying to get over to my aged mother's hospital room, and spend a few minutes with her before I report to my second full-time minimum-wage job, which I have to have as the sole support of my thirty-seven children and the nineteen members of my extended family who depend on me for food and shelter." 5.) "Former major league pitcher Ross Grimsley, nicknamed "Scuzz," would not wash or change any part of his uniform as long as the team was winning, believing that washing or changing anything would jinx the team." 6.) The part of a major league infield that is inside the bases is a square that is 90 feet on each side. What is its area in square centimeters? You must show the use of units and conversion factors. -
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Try ^ w ea th er THE HILLSIDE 'TIMES >nd somewhat warawJ to- For Your Next Order Of Ui tome1TOf ’ . v'> ; , She Ifriltoiflc Sinus PRINTING ^U f^or-660- - HILLSIDE, N, J„ FRIDAY, JULY i m PRICE FIVE CENTS Cougji Vaccine HILLSIDE ELKS AT nHle&fion Authorize Formation Of Industrial FROLIC IN UNION Death Rides Held Success ■’"About twenty-five members of., Hills? Negotiation Board Awaiting Report side Lodg'fe 1591, B. P. Q. Elks, attended Highway For It an informal .outdoor frolic b n the Formation of an official Industrial could, toe a .part' of the, industrial Asso-. Health Physician -Believes grounds: of Union Lodge last night wnets call N orth - Broad Plffitiiiiiag Board for the township was tatidn, "tout, deblared his wiflngness tqt The .occasion wds’: th e birthday-. anni Eg of Rid?way av^tde, W W Of H.S. Site delayed another week, w hen: flo report support' ahy. plan Which would pro- Semm Will Become More versary'of Ohailes 'V^'^Mink, thred Second Time i received by the Township Commit- tecT industfy and bring otlers Jibre, Effective With Time times exalted ruler" of 'the Union group. ^ uhml said th is week in WedheSday night from-the Shows Bayonne Pamphlet other "lodges’ were repre® iits on' the east siae oi CnmnntteB Givte ■School- pidiiiiing its w g a m z a m r wuow- ""'"ECiwara T rm c g i^ ..tfeuenjr 7 leading Elks .of the City Man Succumbs te declared f f l i M i M M Board Power tp Buy a Ing* a meeting Monday with -repr m ent agent for th e Lehigh mlley R ail- sough vaccine in Hillside doning- thS state . -
National League News in Short Metre No Longer a Joke
RAP ran PHILADELPHIA, JANUARY 11, 1913 CHARLES L. HERZOG Third Baseman of the New York National League Club SPORTING LIFE JANUARY n, 1913 Ibe Official Directory of National Agreement Leagues GIVING FOR READY KEFEBENCE ALL LEAGUES. CLUBS, AND MANAGERS, UNDER THE NATIONAL AGREEMENT, WITH CLASSIFICATION i WESTERN LEAGUE. PACIFIC COAST LEAGUE. UNION ASSOCIATION. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION (CLASS A.) (CLASS A A.) (CLASS D.) OF PROFESSIONAL BASE BALL . President ALLAN T. BAUM, Season ended September 8, 1912. CREATED BY THE NATIONAL President NORRIS O©NEILL, 370 Valencia St., San Francisco, Cal. (Salary limit, $1200.) AGREEMENT FOR THE GOVERN LEAGUES. Shields Ave. and 35th St., Chicago, 1913 season April 1-October 26. rj.REAT FALLS CLUB, G. F., Mont. MENT OR PROFESSIONAL BASE Ills. CLUB MEMBERS SAN FRANCIS ^-* Dan Tracy, President. President MICHAEL H. SEXTON, Season ended September 29, 1912. CO, Cal., Frank M. Ish, President; Geo. M. Reed, Manager. BALL. William Reidy, Manager. OAKLAND, ALT LAKE CLUB, S. L. City, Utah. Rock Island, Ills. (Salary limit, $3600.) Members: August Herrmann, of Frank W. Leavitt, President; Carl S D. G. Cooley, President. Secretary J. H. FARRELL, Box 214, "DENVER CLUB, Denver, Colo. Mitze, Manager. LOS ANGELES A. C. Weaver, Manager. Cincinnati; Ban B. Johnson, of Chi Auburn, N. Y. J-© James McGill, President. W. H. Berry, President; F. E. Dlllon, r>UTTE CLUB, Butte, Mont. cago; Thomas J. Lynch, of New York. Jack Hendricks, Manager.. Manager. PORTLAND, Ore., W. W. *-* Edward F. Murphy, President. T. JOSEPH CLUB, St. Joseph, Mo. McCredie, President; W. H. McCredie, Jesse Stovall, Manager. BOARD OF ARBITRATION: S John Holland, President. -
The Next Labor Market in College Sports
STANDEN (DO NOT DELETE) 5/20/2014 12:37 PM View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Oregon Scholars' Bank JEFFREY STANDEN The Next Labor Market in College Sports I. The Invariance Principle and the Baseball Labor Market ... 1097 II. The Labor Market in College Sports ................................... 1105 III. Student-Athletes Who Are Paid .......................................... 1116 IV. The Unlikely Demise of the Amateur Athlete ..................... 1123 Conclusion ...................................................................................... 1126 he 1956 publication of Simon Rottenberg’s The Baseball TPlayers’ Labor Market1 began the serious academic study of sports. This insightful article is brimming with ideas and spurred a generation of economic analysis.2 It is also a startlingly prescient, if un-cited, prelude to Ronald Coase’s subsequent work that gained great traction in the legal academy.3 Coase’s article became the most cited journal article in the history of legal scholarship4 and earned its author the Nobel Prize in Economics.5 Rottenberg’s paper, however, Dean and Professor of Law, Northern Kentucky University Chase College of Law. Research assistance was provided by Jeremie Imbus, Stephanie Isaacs, Brian Morris, and Shaun Roberts. 1 Simon Rottenberg, The Baseball Players’ Labor Market, 64 J. POL. ECON. 242 (1956), available at http://www.vanderbilt.edu/econ/faculty/Vrooman/rottenberg.pdf. 2 Allen R. Sanderson & John J. Siegfried, Simon Rottenberg and Baseball, Then and Now: A 50th Anniversary Retrospective (Vanderbilt Univ. Dep’t of Econ., Working Paper No. 06-W06, 2006), available at http://www.vanderbilt.edu/econ/wparchive/workpaper /vu06-w06.pdf. 3 Ronald Coase, The Problem of Social Cost, 3 J.L. -
November 2015 John M
California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Latino Baseball History Project Newsletter John M. Pfau Library 11-2015 November 2015 John M. Pfau Library Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/lbhp Part of the Sports Studies Commons Recommended Citation John M. Pfau Library, "November 2015" (2015). Latino Baseball History Project Newsletter. Paper 11. http://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/lbhp/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the John M. Pfau Library at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Latino Baseball History Project Newsletter by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOV. 2015 VOLUME 5 / ISSUE 1 LATINO BASEBALL HISTORY PROJECT: N E W S L E T T E R THE LATINO BASEBALL HISTORY PROJECT ANNOUNCES THE RELEASE OF ITS 7TH BOOK: MEXICAN AMERICAN BASEBALL IN THE SAN FERNANDO VALLEY The Latino Baseball History Project ringing their cars around the fi eld of play to form a makeshift is proud to announce the release outfi eld barrier or packed the grandstands of professional of its seventh book, Mexican quality baseball fi elds. Furthermore, Mexican Americans American Baseball in the San played alongside white, black and Japanese Americans. Fernando Valley on Oct. 19, 2015. The San Fernando Extensive travel to central California and into Mexico allowed Valley is located north of players to network with other regions. Games between the Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley and visiting Mexican teams acted surrounded by the Santa as important diplomatic events, at times bringing together Susana, Santa Monica, San politicians such as the Los Angeles Mexican consul and Gabriel, and Verdugo California governor. -
Wrigley Field
Jordan, J. The Origination of Baseball and Its Stadiums 1 Running header: THE ORIGINATION OF BASEBALL AND ITS STADIUMS The Origination of Baseball and Its Stadiums: Wrigley Field Justin A. Jordan North Carolina State University Landscape Architecture 444 Prof. Fernando Magallanes December 7, 2012 Jordan, J. The Origination of Baseball and Its Stadiums 2 Abstract Baseball is America’s Pastime and is home for some of the most influential people and places in the USA. Since the origination of baseball itself, fields and ball parks have had emotional effects on Americans beginning long before the creation of the USA. In this paper, one will find the background of the sport and how it became as well as the first ball parks and their effects on people in the USA leading up to the discussion about Wrigley Field in Chicago, Illinois. Jordan, J. The Origination of Baseball and Its Stadiums 3 Baseball. This one word could represent the American pastime and culture. Many believe it to be as old as dirt. Peter Morris in his book, Level Playing Fields, explains “Baseball is sometimes said to be older than dirt. It is one of those metaphors that sounds silly on its face but that still resonates because it hints at a deeper truth. In this case, the deeper truth is that neither baseball nor dirt is quite complete without the other” (Morris, 2007). Morris practically says that baseball cannot thrive without proper fields to play on or parks to play in. Before describing early playing fields and stadiums in baseball, one must know where the sport and idea originated from in the first place. -
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The Necessity of Major League Baseball's Antitrust Exemption
PROTECTING AMERICA’S PASTIME: THE NECESSITY OF MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL’S ANTITRUST EXEMPTION FOR THE SURVIVAL OF MINOR LEAGUE BASEBALL BRADLEY V. MURPHY* INTRODUCTION “How can you not be romantic about baseball?”1 Imagine a warm summer evening in Rome, Georgia. This city of just under 36,000 residents2 is home to the Rome Braves, the Class-A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves.3 State Mutual Stadium is filled to capacity as the local residents pack the stands to cheer on their hometown Braves.4 The smell of peanuts, popcorn, and hotdogs emanates throughout the stadium. A beer vendor climbs up and down the stadium steps hollering, “Ice cold beer!” Between innings, children are brought out on the field to partake in on-field promotions. After the game, these same children line up to run the bases, meet the mascot, and enjoy the postgame firework display. This minor league game brings the people of Rome, Georgia together and provides them with a common identity. Bradley Reynolds, general manager of the Double-A Mobile BayBears, highlighted the importance of minor league baseball when he said, “What keeps fans coming back isn’t baseball. If they want a better baseball game, they can see it on ESPN. This is about affordability, family fun, wholesome entertainment. That’s what makes this business unique and what makes it work.”5 Considered to be “America’s National Pastime,”6 baseball holds a special place in the hearts of many. In “Field of Dreams,” arguably the most famous baseball movie of all- time, Terence Mann, an author played by James Earl Jones, discussed the importance of baseball to many Americans: * J.D. -
A Compensating Differential Approach to Valuing the Social Benefit of Inorm League Baseball Nola Agha University of San Francisco, [email protected]
The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Sport Management College of Arts and Sciences 1-2015 A Compensating Differential Approach to Valuing the Social Benefit of inorM League Baseball Nola Agha University of San Francisco, [email protected] Dennis Coates University of Maryland - Baltimore County Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.usfca.edu/sm Part of the Sports Management Commons Recommended Citation Agha, N. & Coates, D. (2015). A compensating differential approach to valuing the social benefit of inorM League Baseball. Contemporary Economic Policy, 33(2), 285-299. DOI: 10.1111/coep.12080 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sport Management by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A COMPENSATING DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH TO VALUING THE SOCIAL BENEFIT OF MINOR LEAGUE BASEBALL Abstract This research utilizes a compensating differential framework to measure the social benefits of minor league baseball teams. Consistent with findings at the major league level, individual housing observations from 138 metropolitan areas between 1993 and 2005 show that affiliated teams are associated with a significant 6 to 8% increase in rents in mid-sized markets ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 million people. On the other hand, independent teams and stadiums are associated with insignificant effects on rents. The positive effect of affiliated minor league teams suggests they are a valuable urban amenity that can contribute to local quality of life.