Why Host a Pakistani Student

1 Content -Pakistan Fact Sheet -Cultural Adjustments -Students and Host Family Questionnaire -Why Host a Pakistani Student -Education System in Pakistan -Schools YES students recruited from -KL-YES Recruitment and Selection in Pakistan -KL-YES Pakistan Data Pakistan Fact Sheet 2 Official Name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Capital: Islamabad Total Area: 803,940 km2 Population: 149,030,000 (Over 50% of the total population is less than 20 years old, while 52% are males and 48% are females) National Day:Independence Day-14th August Republic Day, 23 March Language(s): Urdu & English (official), Regional: Punjabi and variants, Sindhi, Pashtu, Balochi Ethnic Group(s): Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (Immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants) Politics: Type of Government: Federal Republic Main Political Parties: Muttahida Qaumi Movement, Altaf [MQM/A]; Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan [MMA]; Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif [PML/N]; Pakistan Muslim League, (Unified) [PML]; Pakistan People’s Party Parliamentarians [PPPP] Head of State: President Asif Ali Zardari Head of Government/Prime Minister: Yusuf Raza Gillani Geography: Pakistan has an area encompassing 796,096 square kilometers and is bordered by India on the east, China on the northeast, Afghanistan on the northwest while Iran shares its boarder in the southwest with the Arabian Sea bordering south. Demographics Pakistan is a multi-cultural society where many ethnic groups are represented and speak a variety of languages. Urdu is the national language of Pakistan, however, both Urdu and English are used in official matters and business transactions. Various dialects are spoken throughout the country while educational classes are usually tri-lingual with the regional language, 3 Urdu and English. The vast majority of the population lives in rural communities and villages, which comprise over 67% of the total population. Islam is the national religion, however, there are other minority religions such as Christianity and Hinduism. Literacy Rates According to the Population Census Organization, the 1998 Census indicated a literacy rate for the total population of 43.9% with females having a significantly lower rate of 32%. Rural literacy was also recorded as much less than the national average at 33.6% with females only achieving a 20.1% literacy rate. Education System: There are four distinct tiers within the education system in Pakistan. The four levels of education are: primary (grades 1-5); secondary (grades 6-10); higher secondary or intermediate (grades 11-12); and graduate & post- graduate or higher (grades 13-16). People, Society and Culture: Pakistan; a country with rich history and colorful culture, is spread along either side of the River Indus, making its way from the mountain valleys of the Himalayas and moving down to the Arabian Sea. It is known for its stunning landscapes, customs and traditions. Geographically, the f Pakistan can be divided into four regions. On the north are the mountains, which include the second-highest mountain in the world known as K2. In the east are fertile lands along the Rivers, barren deserts in the southwest with stony plateaus in the west and then finally there is Arabian Sea in the south. Pakistan has an extensive historical and cultural background, being a part of India before separation; it has acquired elements from the Hindu and Buddhist culture. It was once a home of the Indus Valley civilization, in 3,000 BC, and the Aryans, in 1,700 BC. after which came the Mogul dynasty and later the British rule. Due to this, ancient Hindu temples, Buddhist monuments, archeological sites, Mogul palaces, Mogul gardens, Islamic art, Islamic architecture and Anglo-Mogul mansions are some prominent features in Pakistan. 4 The climate of Pakistan varies due to its regions. When it’s pleasant in the northern areas; temperature in the southern areas is extremely hot. Similarly, from December through February, known as the coolest months, temperature in the northern areas falls below freezing point whereas in the south it remains 10-25 degrees C. Monsoon arrives during summer, which relieves people from the summer’s heat. Pakistan comprises of four provinces namely: Sindh, Punjab, Baluchistan and N.W.F.P. (North West Frontier Province). Each province has its own unique way of life. Urdu is the National language, but Punjabi, Baluchi, Sindhi and Pashtu are the regional dialects. The people of Pakistan are known for their hospitable nature. Life in the cities is fast and advanced as compared to the life in a town or a village. Islamabad is the capital, whereas Karachi is the cosmopolitan city in Pakistan and Lahore a museum of an enriching culture and lifestyle. Pakistanis love food, especially spicy food, therefore restaurants and cafes are found in abundance. No ceremony or gathering is complete without a heavy meal and desserts in the end. Like the culture a Pakistani wedding is also full of color and pleasure. It is a display of beautiful clothes, expensive embroidery, heavy jewellery, songs, dance, and not to forget the henna filled hands of the girls and bride. Weddings are the most popular and important occasions for socializing in almost all sub cultures of Pakistani society. Besides the Islamic art and architecture, one of the most prominent and unique features of art is found on roads in Pakistan. The vibrant and colorful busses and trucks, loaded with artistic drawings and poetry, are a pleasure to see on the way. Folk music of Pakistan is very famous, besides that people like listening to ghazals, qawalli (devotional) and classical. However, the younger generation has its pop and rock flavors to choose from. 5 6 Cultural Adjustments We are extremely thankful to all the families in USA hosting Pakistani considering teenagers as a part of the YES exchange program. We appreciate the efforts and support of placement organization teams for placing and supporting them. Here are some simple and general observations and guidelines that would come handy to develop an understanding and dealing better with the Pakistani students. Most of the points that I have made below are simple but at times go unnoticed,however makes a world of difference to the child who is trying to become a part of a new household and doing his/her best to please everyone. These would be equally helpful to the host families who are kind enough to be willing to host a young person from a different culture. Hope you all will have a great time hosting our students. Food and Eating Habits: • None of the children would eat pork or anything that has pork or products made of pork that includes, lard and gelatin. They would prefer halal meat, halal meat is meat from an animal which is killed in a different way as suggested in Islamic religion that include slaughtering the animals neck reciting verses from the holy book and letting all the blood drain out of the animals body before cutting it for meat. But providing halal meat is not a compulsion for host parents, if halal meat is not readily available or is unaffordable, YES Pakistani students would very happily live on vegetables and all other foods. Host parents need to tell this to YES students very clearly. Omelets or hash browns with pita bread can be great lifesavers. Bakery products bread, bagels and croissants are good too. Most of these students have learned cooking, so they will be prepared to cook additional meals themselves if required. • For most kids ice creams, soft drinks, crisps, chocolates and such snacks would be a real treat. However at time our kids want to live on them, which need to be taken care of. • Pakistani meals are 75% staple (rice or flat bread) along with some curry or lentil soup etc. This meal is quiet filling, sometimes the kids on exchange may not feel filled and satisfied with the meals served to them, and they go hungry and not tell anyone. It may take sometime 7 for the young people in their new American homes to get adjusted to eat different meals. Our advice is to keep some bread and butter and fruits handy and let them know that they can help themselves if they feel hungry. • It is considered impolite for guests or visitors in Pakistani culture to open the kitchen and fridge to help themselves to food. Hosts need to verbally and clearly tell the kids two things, a) they are not guests; b) they can help themselves with kitchen cabinets or refrigerator to make a sandwich for themselves or put together their school lunch or breakfast. Without your encouragement and permission they would be reluctant to do so. • The idea of supper would be new to them; in average Pakistani household dinnertime is 9:00 pm. So the exchange kids in an American household may get hungry again in few hours after the supper. • Children are not used to eating huge quantity of green salads, rather eating raw vegetable is not popular. They will slowly learn to like it and enjoy their salads. But fruits are favorite of all children. • Pakistani food are spicy and aromatic, so the kids may find the American food though healthy and good for their growth, a little bland, so my advice is to keep plenty of salt and pepper on the dinning table. Eating habits and preferences are easy to adapt or change for 15/16 years old, so it is expected that in first few weeks time the students would adjust to American meals and begin to enjoy them. Table Manners: • Do not be upset if kids cannot use fork and knife in the beginning, they are not used to it. Most of the Pakistani people eat with their hands.

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