Healing Initiative Leadership Linkage (HILL) Student Magazine: Country Name World without Borders Monthly update: Current News Host Editor SIGNIFICANCE IF THE FLAG

The green represents and the majority Muslims in Pakistan and the white stripe represents religious minorities and minority religions. This shows that the country also fives importance to the minorities. In the centre, the crescent and star symbolize

progress. The flag symbolizes Pakistan's commitment to Islam and the rights of religious minorities.

Music Art Insert picture The of Pakistan includes diverse Wall painting, oil The most popular in Pakistan is elements. The main type of music paintings and , while , , and heard is the traditional ones. The calligraphy on are also popular in Pakistan. traditional music includes the , copper are one of Traditional sports like and other . the prominent well-known games are also played. The paintings in this national sport of this country is hockey. country. Festivals Few leaders and their contributions

As there is a vast number festivals 1. Malala Yousafzai here, Muslim festivals like Eid- Ul- Fitr, She is a Pakistani education advocate who, at the age of , Shab-e-Barat and other 17, became the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace religious festivals are celebrated in a Prize. She has continued to speak out on the importance grand way. of education.

2. Shahid Khaqan Abbasi

He is the present Pakistani Prime Minister who has done a lot of great deeds for the country.

Conferences

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PROBLEMS FACED FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTION Country challenges and opportunities Constitution rights and Duties 1. Lack of research and production in 1. The was

cotton sector. established in the year 1973.

2. Lack of modernize equipment. 2. President Iskander Mirza was the 3. Increasing cost of production. person responsible for the preparation

4. Effect of inflation. of the constitution.

5. One more major issue is Terrorism. 3. One of the main fundamental right is 6. The issue. the right to ‘Safeguard as to arrest and

7. Political and Economic issues detention. ’

CONFLICTS IN THE COUNTRY KULBHUSHAN YADAV’S CASE IN ONE SUCH MAJOR RECENT CONFLICT WITH  The Kashmir Issue It is a territorial conflict primarily ALL TIME ENEMY PAKISTAN.

Conflictsbetween- Possible Compromise and Pakistan, having started just after the in

1947. India and Pakistan have fought three wars over Kashmir, including the

Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947 and 1965, as well as the War of 1999.

United Nations voting record

PRESENT CONFLICT: CASE STUDY

One more conflict between Pakistan and India is that of the case of Kulbhushan Jadav. Former India Naval officer Kulbhushan Jadhav was sentenced to death in a Field General Court Martial on April 10, 2017 after three-and-a-half months of trial. He has been accused of espionage and working for the India’s external intelligence agency, Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW).

He was arrested from on March 3 last year. The issue has snowballed into a flash point for India-Pakistan relations.

India has been repeatedly requesting consular access to Mr. Jadhav while also demanding a certified copy of the charge sheet as well as the judgment. Pakistan has so far denied India’s request 13 times.

But more recently, Yadav’s wife and mother were allowed to talk to Jadav. Jadhav's wife was asked to remove her 'bindi', 'mangal sutra'; mother was not allowed to speak in their mother tongue during the meeting. Sushma Swaraj feels that this was like insulting Indian traditions. Mr. Jadhav’s family held a series of meetings with External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj and other officials.

But what I feel is that, what Pakistan did was right (no offence). See, whenever you go to another country it is requires for you too respect the traditions, rules of the country. When you are going to some other country you are requires to adjust. Let us be happy that they at least got a chance to meet them. Healing Initiative Leadership Linkage (HILL) Student Magazine World without Borders Geographical Resources

Financial / Fiscal Responsibility

STATISTICS

Table 1: Demographic 0-20 20-30 30-50 50-70 >70 Birth rate & death rate Female 18 Million 27 Million 12Million 8 Million 4 Million 30 Births per popul. Male 11 Million 32 Million 22 Million 6 Million 2 Million 8 Births per polul. Table 2: Population 1991-2001 2001-2011 2011-2021 Female 68.3 Million 69.8 Million 79 Million Male 79 Million 79.4 Million 84 Million Table 3: Education Primary Secondary Sr. Secondary College Post graduate Female 3 Million 0.8 Million 6 million 1.9 Million 0.8 Million Male 3.5 Million 1 Million 6.3 Million Table 4: Land Arable 39.5 % Irrigated 47.03% Desert Forest 1381 sq. km Table 5: Import & Export Trade China Chinese products India Businesses in China Table 6: Finance 1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2020 Currency value 0.0091 0.0091 0.0091 against dollars

GDP Percentage, Inflation Percentage

Survey

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FAMOUS MONUMENTS IN THE COUNTRY

1.CultureFAISAL of MOSQUE country (traditional dresses) 2. THE PAKISTAN MONUMENT This mosque was designed by a Turkish The Pakistan Monument was inaugurated in architect Vedat Dalokay. Construction work began in 1976 and was finally on 23 March 2007 as a national Religions monument embodying the country’s history. The completed ten years later. The mosque architect of this monument is Arif Masood. has a capacity to hold 100,00 worshippers.

3. THE TOMB OF MOHD. ALI JINNAH 4. DERAWAR FORT Foods This is named as Mazar-e-Quaid in Pakistan. A visit to this monument requires you to travel for Jinnah was a pivotal figure in leading the country 3-4 hours. But if you are a person with a soft spot to independence from the British empire. He was for military structures, you will not regret it. This Learning from the past and present for the futur also the first Prime Minister of independent monument was built in the year 1733. The fort Pakistan. It is built using White marble. There are has an impressive circumference of 1.5 numerous fountains too. kilometres.

TRADITIONAL CLOTHES The kameez is the national dress of Pakistan and is worn by men and women. Salwar refers to loose trousers and kameez refers to shirts. Since 1982, all officials working in the secretariat are required to wear the national dress

RELIGIONS IN THE COUNTRY

Islam is the state religion of Pakistan, and about 95-98% of are Muslim. Pakistan has the second largest number of Muslims in the world after Indonesia. The majority are Sunni (estimated at 75- 95%), with an estimated 5-20% Shia. A PEW survey in 2012 found that 6% of Pakistani Muslims were

Shia.

LANGUAGES IN THE COUNTRY

Pakistan's national language is , which, along with English, is also the official language. In 2015, the announced plans to make Urdu the sole official language and abolish English as the second official language.[1] The country is also home to several regional languages, including Punjabi, Saraiki, , Sindhi, Balochi, Kashmiri, , Brahui, Shina, Balti, Khowar, Dhatki, Marwari, Wakhi and .

TYPES OF FOOD EATEN IN THE COUNTRY

Pakistani cuisine is a blend of various regional cooking traditions of South as well as elements from its

Mughal legacy. Some of them are-

1.A Punjabi/Sindhi-style wooden woven plate for chapati (flat )

2.A variety of Pakistani dinner dishes. 3.Lahori Beef Karahi, usually served with freshly made tandoori naan.

4.Sindhi biryani.

5.Chapati (bread) with a piece of chicken .

WEATHER OF THE COUNTRY

Pakistan recorded one of the highest temperatures in the world – 53.5 °C (128.3 °F) – on 26 May 2010. As Pakistan is located on a great landmass north of the Tropic of Cancer (between latitudes 25° and 36° N),

it has a continental type of climate characterized by extreme variations of temperature, both seasonally and daily.

NEIGHBOURS OF THE COUNTRY

NATIONAL ANIMAL

Markhor also known as the screw horn goat, is a large species of wild goat that is found in northeastern , northern and central Pakistan, Kashmir in northern India, southern Tajikistan, southern and in the Himalayas. The species was classed by the IUCN as Endangered until 2015 when it was downgraded to Near Threatened, as their numbers have increased in recent years by an estimated 20% for the last decade. The is the national animal of Pakistan.

NATIONAL BIRD

This partridge has well marked black and white bars on the flanks and a black running from the forehead across the eye and running down the head to form a necklace that encloses a white throat. The species has been introduced into many other places and feral populations have established themselves in parts of North America and New Zealand. This bird can be found in parts of Middle East.

NATIONAL SPORT

Hockey is the national sport of Pakistan. The game can be played on a grass field, turf field or synthetic field as well as an indoor board surface. Each team plays with eleven players, including the goalie. The most popular is cricket, while field hockey, polo, and squash are also popular in Pakistan. Traditional sports like kabaddi and other well-known games are also played. The was created in 1962

NATIONAL TREE

Deodar is the national tree of Pakistan. It is a species of cedar native to the western Himalayas in Eastern Afghanistan, Northern Pakistan (especially in ) and

India. It is a large evergreen coniferous tree reaching 40–50 m (131–164 ft.) tall. It has a conic crown with level branches and drooping branchlets.

NATIONAL

Mangoes are juicy stone fruit (drupe) from numerous species of tropical trees belonging to the flowering plant genus Mangifera, cultivated mostly for their edible fruit. The majority of

these species are found in nature as wild mangoes. The genus belongs to the cashew family Anacardiaceae. Mangoes are native to .

CURRENCY OF THE COUNTRY

The is the currency of Pakistan. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the , the central bank of the country. The most commonly used symbol for the rupee is Rs, used on receipts when purchasing goods and services. In Pakistan, the rupee is also spelled as "rupees", "rupaya" or "rupaye”. Mohammad Ali Jinnah’s photo is on the rupee.

NATIONAL EMBLEM

The national emblem of Pakistan was adopted in 1954. It features the green color of the flag, and the star and crescent symbols of Islam. A shield is depicted in the center of the emblem featuring the four major crops of Pakistan: cotton, jute, tea and wheat.

COUNTRY CAPITAL

It is the capital city of Pakistan located within the federal Islamabad Capital Territory. With a population of 1.01 million, it is the 9th largest city of Pakistan, while the larger Islamabad- metropolitan area is the third largest in Pakistan with a population exceeding four million. The city is the political seat of Pakistan and is administered by the Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation, supported by the Capital Development Authority (CDA).

NATIONAL FLOWER

Jasmine (taxonomic name Jasminum) is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family. It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia, Australasia and Oceania. Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers.

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