Of the International Language Esperanto, Although Materials for Its Study Are Fairly Complete

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Of the International Language Esperanto, Although Materials for Its Study Are Fairly Complete DOCUMENT RESUME ED 135 202 FL 007 996 AUTEOR Tonkin, Eumphrey TITLE Introduction to Esperanto Studies. Esperanto Documents, New Series, Number 6A (1976).. INSTITUTION Universal Esperanto Association, Rotterdam (Netherlands). PUB DATE 75 NOTE 17p.; Paper delivered at meeting of the Chicago Esperanto Society (Chicago, Illinois, March 1975) AVAIIABLE FROM Esperanto Book Service, P. 0. Box 508, Burlingame, California ($1.25) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 BC-$1.67 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Prtificial Languages; International Relations; 1.4:1.1,uage Attitudes; *Language Research; Language Rolez Linguistic Theory; Literature; *Research Needs; Second Language Learning IDENTIFIERS *Esperanto ABSTRACT Relatively few studies have been made of the history of the international language Esperanto, although materials for its study are fairly complete. As a linguistic phenomenon, that is, a language in continuous use for almost a century but without national roots, it has also had little systematic study, though a considerable literature cn the subject exists in Esperanto itself. There are now several native speakers of Esperanto, who might merit special investigation. It would also be useful to have more extensive study of psychological and sociological aspects of the Esperanto speech community. Esperanto has an extensive literature, original and translated, little known by outside scholars. There is also a need for the study of Esperanto's practical application and its potential as a solution to international language problems. Some attention bas been given to the pedagogy of Esperanto, but more work is needed. The language is seldom mentioned in major reference works or adequately represented in libraries, and for these reasons it is often overlooked by scholars. The largest collections of Esperanto materials are in London, Rotterdam and Vienna.(Author/CFM) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials nct available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to ottais the best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDR4. EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** ESPERANTO DOCUMENTS new series 6 U S DEPARTMENTOF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT DUCED EXACTLYHAS BEEN REPRO- THE PERSON AS RECEIVED OR ORGANIZATION FROM ATING T POINTS ORIGIN- OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT SENT OFFICIAL NECESSARILY REPRE- NATIONAL INSTITUTE EDUCATION POSITION OF OR POLICY Universal Esperanto Association Nieuwe Binnenweg 176, Rotterdam-3002, Netherlands 2 organization, culture and Esperanto documentsHQscribe the work, for the adoption ofthe InternationalLanguage history of the movement use. They arepublished Esperanto as a secondlanguage for international in Esperanto andEnglish. in the English series) Subscriptions (coveringthe next ten documents publisher, UniversalEsperanto are available forHf I. 25. from the Rotterdam-3002, Netherlands. Association, NieuweBinnenweg 176, Single issues costHf I. 3.00 each. Research and those documents ofthe Centre for The series replaces dealt with the Documentation on theLanguage Problem which Esperanto movement. 3 Esperanto Documents, new series, number 6 A (1976) AN INTRODUCTION TO ESPERANTO STUDIES ' by Humphrey Tonkin (A lectui-e delivered to the Chicago Esperanto Suciety,March 1975) The history of scholarship is full of has been up to now almost exclusively amazing accidents. Whole fields have a realm of amateurs. The serious grown up through the discoveries of a sociologists, linguists, and single person, or through the historians who have devoted time to energies of a small group of pioneers. Esperanto cannot number more than a Whole areas of research have been dozen or so. The purpose of the mapped out because of the presence, of present survey is to suggest a few a particular group of people in one ways in which we can change this place at one time. The coming into state of affairs and to explain why being of the discipline of sociology, it is important to do so. the growth of the study of American civilization, the establishment of tne The langUage dates from 1887, the year discipline of comparative literature, of publication of the first booklet the beginnings of psychiatry-- all by its creator, Ludwig Zamenhof (1). these are the products of small groups Ten years went into the preparation of brilliant people, who combined of this booklet (2). The social and genius with a measure of hard-headed cultural movement that grew out of practicality. these small beginnings is surely one of the most interesting of the 8y the same token, whole areas have period. All across Europe people yet to receive the attention they heard about Esperanto. Many began to deserve. We often find ourselves learn it. In the United States the saying, of some book or article in American Philosophical Society our own field, that it should have reported on it (3), and in France it been written years ago; or expressing was examined by the Academy of amazement that this or that task has Sciences (4). Esreranto speakers still not been completed, this or that came together for the first time in essential work still not been under- 1905, in a congress in Boulogne-sur- taken. Esperanto studies seem to Mer. Zamenhof was.there. He was at belong in this latter category.They the next congress in Geneva. In 1907 constitute a field whose exploration he went to the conference_in is long overdue. In fact it is a Cambridge, was received by the Lord constant source of amazement to me Mayor in London, visited the!!new that the study of the language and town" of Letchworth Garden City. In movement associated with Esperanto --1910The-came to the United States ifo , Hence, for the conference in Washington. to speakers of Esperanto. Adepts of Esperanto were everywhere. thnugh we know a good deal about the Esperantists travelled through Russia ez,-ly history of the language, there and Central Asia, the language was has been little attempt to link this introduced into China, in Japan it early movement with similar social caught hold. In the euphoria of the movements of the period; though we early Soviet period it played its know a good deal about the development part. Later, Stalin persecuted it. of Esperanto literature in the So did Hitler. Many of its leaders twenties and thirties, it has not been died in his concentration camps (5). set in the context of the national The League of Nations gave it literary histories of the time; consideration but rejected it (6). though we know our own international Many conscientious objectors learned movement well, it has not been it in prison in the First World War, studied in relationship to other Yugoslav revolutionaries learned it, modern international groupings. in China its beginnings were linked with attempts to introduce western Remedying these deficiencies, and othography, in Japan its use is Other that I shallmention, is a today linked with one of the largest task both difficult and easy -- national religious movements. Today, difficult in that it involves you can hear Esperanto on the radio, learning another language and working buy numerous books in the language, often with a paucity of materials, reed periodicals, pray and fight in easy in that the language is atleast it (7) a manageable language and the materials, though often hard to come It is an extraordinary history, and by, are in many areas marvellously it is linked to an extraordinary complete. American libraries are shockingly deficient in materials for language. Speakers of Esperanto apparently of every kind of linguistic the study of Esperanto. I know of no background communicate successfully public or university library with more through the language. As for the than a handful of Esperanto titles. speech community itself, it is unlike The largest collection in this any other in that most of its members continent is probably the library of are geographically scattered, the vast the Canadian Esperanto Association, majority of them are (by definition) with a mere 3500 volumes. By contrast at least bilingual, they are all of the International Esperanto Museum, in them literate. Their level of Vienna, a public, state-supported educational attainment is institution founded in 1929, has in its extraordinarily high, they are well possession 15,000 volumes. The British read, they travel a great deal, they Esperanto Association, in London, has are generally well inforned about 33,000 titles listed (not all of them international affairs.Their actually books), and the Hodler organization, largely amateur, spans Library of the Universal Esperanto Association, in Rotterdam, contains the world.They support a flourishing Other large literature. The language itself is some 10,000 volumes. largely a poatertioni in make-up :it collections are in the Bulgarian is based on existing languages. But National Library (Sofia), and in it has characteristics quite unlike Prague, Tokyo, Amsterdam, Paris and the European languages known to its several German universities (6). inventor. It contains also a potioni elements, it is basically agglutinat- Any systematic study
Recommended publications
  • American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
    Approved in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic June 14, 2016 During the Forty-sixth Ordinary Period of Sessions of the OAS General Assembly AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Organization of American States General Secretariat Secretariat of Access to Rights and Equity Department of Social Inclusion 1889 F Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 | USA 1 (202) 370 5000 www.oas.org ISBN 978-0-8270-6710-3 More rights for more people OAS Cataloging-in-Publication Data Organization of American States. General Assembly. Regular Session. (46th : 2016 : Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples : AG/RES.2888 (XLVI-O/16) : (Adopted at the thirds plenary session, held on June 15, 2016). p. ; cm. (OAS. Official records ; OEA/Ser.P) ; (OAS. Official records ; OEA/ Ser.D) ISBN 978-0-8270-6710-3 1. American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2016). 2. Indigenous peoples--Civil rights--America. 3. Indigenous peoples--Legal status, laws, etc.--America. I. Organization of American States. Secretariat for Access to Rights and Equity. Department of Social Inclusion. II. Title. III. Series. OEA/Ser.P AG/RES.2888 (XLVI-O/16) OEA/Ser.D/XXVI.19 AG/RES. 2888 (XLVI-O/16) AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES (Adopted at the third plenary session, held on June 15, 2016) THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, RECALLING the contents of resolution AG/RES. 2867 (XLIV-O/14), “Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples,” as well as all previous resolutions on this issue; RECALLING ALSO the declaration “Rights of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas” [AG/DEC.
    [Show full text]
  • Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in Catalonia: the Case of the Esperanto Movement
    Student ID: 1560509 Cosmopolitanism and nationalism in Catalonia: the case of the Esperanto movement Student ID: 1560509 INTRODUCTION 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 ESPERANTO AND CATALONIA 8 NATIONALISM(S) AND COSMOPOLITANISM(S) 11 CATALAN IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM 17 IDENTITY AND ESPERANTO 21 THE STUDY 24 METHODOLOGY 24 FIRST CONTACTS WITH THE LANGUAGE, KEA AND THE IDEALS OF ESPERANTO 30 CATALAN IDENTITY AND ESPERANTISM 38 NATIONALISM, COSMOPOLITANISM AND ESPERANTO 45 CONCLUSIONS 55 BIBLIOGRAPHY 59 2 Student ID: 1560509 Introduction This essay aims to explore the idea and the practice of cosmopolitanism within the Catalan Esperanto community and its interaction with the strong self- identification of Catalan Esperantists as ‘Catalans’ (Alòs i Font, 2010). More spe- cifically, the study focuses on the members of the Catalan Association of Esperan- to ([eo]: Kataluna Esperanto-Asocio, hereinafter KEA) who reside in Barcelona, where the headquarters of the association are.1 The main research question is the following: How do the members of the Catalan Association of Esperanto balance their nation- alistic sentiments towards Catalonia and the Catalan language with the core cos- mopolitan ideology of the Esperanto movement they are part of? The question is interesting because the strong nationalism of Catalan Esperan- tists, apart from being in contrast with the traditional Esperanto ideology and culture (Zaft, 2003; Blanke, 2015), is not in line with what seems to be the reality of most Esperanto communities in Europe, as emerged from the available empir- ical studies on the subject (Rašič, 1996; Alòs i Font, 2010; Puškar, 2015). These studies show that European Esperantists have in general a weaker national iden- tity than the average citizens of their respective countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction: in Search of Esperanto
    Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 13(2), 182-192, 2015 INTRODUCTION: IN SEARCH OF ESPERANTO Humphrey Tonkin* University of Hartford West Hartford, USA DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.2.12 Regular article ABSTRACT After almost one hundred years of continuous use, Esperanto has achieved the status and character of a fully-fledged language, functioning much as any other language does. Research on Esperanto is hampered because knowledge of the subject is often regarded, ipso facto, as evidence of a lack of objectivity, and also because Esperanto, as largely an L2, is elusive, and its speakers hard to quantify. The problem is compounded by the rapid shift in its community from membership-based organizations to decentralized, informal web-based communication. Also shifting are the community’s ideological underpinnings: it began as a response to lack of communication across languages but is now often perceived by its users as an alternative, more equitable means of communication than the increasingly ubiquitous English. Underlying these changes is a flourishing cultural base, including an extensive literature and periodical press. There is a need for more research – linguistic, sociolinguistic, and in the history of ideas. In intellectual history, Esperanto and related ideas have played a larger role than is generally recognized, intersecting with, and influencing, such movements as modernization in Japan, the development of international organizations, socialism in many parts of the world, and, in our own day, machine translation. KEY WORDS Esperanto, Esperanto community, interlinguistic research, language ideology CLASSIFICATION JEL: O20 *Corresponding author, : [email protected]; +1 860 768 4448; *Mortensen Library, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA Introduction: in search of Esperanto INTRODUCTION In an influential essay some years ago, the late Richard Wood described Esperanto as “a voluntary, non-ethnic, non-territorial speech community” [1].
    [Show full text]
  • In Search of Esperanto
    Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 13(2), 182-192, 2015 INTRODUCTION: IN SEARCH OF ESPERANTO Humphrey Tonkin* University of Hartford West Hartford, USA DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.2.12 Regular article ABSTRACT After almost one hundred years of continuous use, Esperanto has achieved the status and character of a fully-fledged language, functioning much as any other language does. Research on Esperanto is hampered because knowledge of the subject is often regarded, ipso facto, as evidence of a lack of objectivity, and also because Esperanto, as largely an L2, is elusive, and its speakers hard to quantify. The problem is compounded by the rapid shift in its community from membership-based organizations to decentralized, informal web-based communication. Also shifting are the community’s ideological underpinnings: it began as a response to lack of communication across languages but is now often perceived by its users as an alternative, more equitable means of communication than the increasingly ubiquitous English. Underlying these changes is a flourishing cultural base, including an extensive literature and periodical press. There is a need for more research – linguistic, sociolinguistic, and in the history of ideas. In intellectual history, Esperanto and related ideas have played a larger role than is generally recognized, intersecting with, and influencing, such movements as modernization in Japan, the development of international organizations, socialism in many parts of the world, and, in our own day, machine translation. KEY WORDS Esperanto, Esperanto community, interlinguistic research, language ideology CLASSIFICATION JEL: O20 *Corresponding author, : [email protected]; +1 860 768 4448; *Mortensen Library, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA Introduction: in search of Esperanto INTRODUCTION In an influential essay some years ago, the late Richard Wood described Esperanto as “a voluntary, non-ethnic, non-territorial speech community” [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Esperanto Phraseology
    Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 13(2), 250-263, 2015 ESPERANTO PHRASEOLOGY Sabine Fiedler* University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.2.5 Received: 22 April 2014. Regular article Accepted: 9 June 2014. ABSTRACT The contribution deals with the phrasicon of Esperanto, i.e. the inventory of idioms, phrases, proverbs, catchphrases and other items of pre-fabricated speech that are stored in speakers’ mental lexicon. On the basis of origins, Esperanto phraseology can be classified into three groups: First, many phraseological units have entered the language through various other languages. This group includes classical loan translations especially from the Bible as well as ad-hoc loans introduced by speakers from their mother tongues more or less spontaneously. Secondly, there is a group of planned, i.e. consciously created, phraseological units. They mainly go back to Zamenhof, the initiator of the language, who published an Esperanto Proverb Collection (Proverbaro Esperanta) in 1910. Thirdly, there are phraseological units which have their origin in the language and the cultural life of the speech community. The paper will show that the planned language Esperanto, with its agglutinative character, free word order and flexible word formation, possesses the prerequisites for creating stylistically appealing and catchy phraseological units. An analysis of literary and journalistic texts as well as oral communication in Esperanto reveals that its phraseology is widely used and that authors like to modify phrases and idioms according to the textual situation. The use of phraseological units proves that Esperanto is a living language. Phraseology can be considered a criterion for assessing the successful development of the planned language system from a project to a full-fledged language.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazil: Background and U.S. Relations
    Brazil: Background and U.S. Relations Updated July 6, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46236 SUMMARY R46236 Brazil: Background and U.S. Relations July 6, 2020 Occupying almost half of South America, Brazil is the fifth-largest and fifth-most-populous country in the world. Given its size and tremendous natural resources, Brazil has long had the Peter J. Meyer potential to become a world power and periodically has been the focal point of U.S. policy in Specialist in Latin Latin America. Brazil’s rise to prominence has been hindered, however, by uneven economic American Affairs performance and political instability. After a period of strong economic growth and increased international influence during the first decade of the 21st century, Brazil has struggled with a series of domestic crises in recent years. Since 2014, the country has experienced a deep recession, record-high homicide rate, and massive corruption scandal. Those combined crises contributed to the controversial impeachment and removal from office of President Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016). They also discredited much of Brazil’s political class, paving the way for right-wing populist Jair Bolsonaro to win the presidency in October 2018. Since taking office in January 2019, President Jair Bolsonaro has begun to implement economic and regulatory reforms favored by international investors and Brazilian businesses and has proposed hard-line security policies intended to reduce crime and violence. Rather than building a broad-based coalition to advance his agenda, however, Bolsonaro has sought to keep the electorate polarized and his political base mobilized by taking socially conservative stands on cultural issues and verbally attacking perceived enemies, such as the press, nongovernmental organizations, and other branches of government.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Esperanto?
    Fiat Lingua Title: The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community Author: Adelina Solis MS Date: 01-12-2013 FL Date: 01-01-2013 FL Number: FL-000010-01 Citation: Solis, Adelina. 2013. “The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community.” FL-000010-01, Fiat Lingua, <http:// fiatlingua.org>. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. Copyright: © 2013 Adelina Solis. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Fiat Lingua is produced and maintained by the Language Creation Society (LCS). For more information about the LCS, visit http://www.conlang.org/ The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community by Adelina Mariflor Solís Montúfar 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 3 1.1 Definitions 4 1.2 Political support for a universal language 5 1.3 A brief history of language invention 9 1.4 A brief history of Esperanto 14 1.5 The construction, structure, and dissemination of Esperanto 17 1.6 Esperanto and the culture question 24 1.7 Research Methods 29 Chapter 2: Who Speaks Esperanto? 34 2.1 Number and distribution of speakers 34 2.2 Gender distribution 47 Chapter 3: The Esperanto Speech Community 58 3.1 Terminology and definitions 58 3.2 Norms and Ideologies 65 3.3 Approach to language 70 Chapter 4: Why Esperanto? 81 4.1 Ideology-based reasons to speak Esperanto 83 4.2 Practical attractions to Esperanto 86 4.3 More than friendship 94 4.4 The congress effect 95 4.5 Esperanto for the blind 100 4.6 Unexpected benefits 102 Chapter 5: Esperantist Objectives 103 5.1 Attracting new speakers 103 5.2 Teaching Esperanto 107 Chapter 6: Conclusion 116 Works Cited 121 2 Chapter 1: Introduction When we think about invented languages, we may think of childhood games.
    [Show full text]
  • American Self-Government: the First & Second Continental Congress
    American Self-Government: The First and Second Continental Congress “…the eyes of the virtuous all over the earth are turned with anxiety on us, as the only depositories of the sacred fire of liberty, and…our falling into anarchy would decide forever the destinies of mankind, and seal the political heresy that man is incapable of self-government.” ~ Thomas Jefferson Overview Students will explore the movement of the colonies towards self-government by examining the choices made by the Second Continental Congress, noting how American delegates were influenced by philosophers such as John Locke. Students will participate in an activity in which they assume the role of a Congressional member in the year 1775 and devise a plan for America after the onset of war. This lesson can optionally end with a Socratic Seminar or translation activity on the Declaration of Independence. Grades Middle & High School Materials • “American Self Government – First & Second Continental Congress Power Point,” available in Carolina K- 12’s Database of K-12 Resources (in PDF format): https://k12database.unc.edu/wp- content/uploads/sites/31/2021/01/AmericanSelfGovtContCongressPPT.pdf o To view this PDF as a projectable presentation, save the file, click “View” in the top menu bar of the file, and select “Full Screen Mode” o To request an editable PPT version of this presentation, send a request to [email protected] • The Bostonians Paying the Excise Man, image attached or available in power point • The Battle of Lexington, image attached or available in power
    [Show full text]
  • Semester in Washington, D.C. Program
    Semester in Washington, D.C. Program Offered Fall, Spring, and Summer Explore a Learning New Kind of Semester Through a Expand your intellectual and cultural horizons in the heart of the nation’s capital through Georgetown University’s Semester in Washington, D.C. Program (SWP). Offered during Different Lens the Fall, Spring, and Summer semesters, this program features a combination of challenging academics and hands-on practice. Immerse yourself in the vibrant Internship political and cultural landscape of D.C. as you engage with key policymakers, build Georgetown takes pride in providing you with an your professional skills, and take your college experience to the next level. unparalleled real-world experience. After enrolling in the program, you will be paired with As a student in SWP, you will spend part of your time in a classroom setting, Choose Your an internship advisor, who will offer guidance on engaging in stimulating group discussions, listening to guest lectures from everything from developing a strong resume to preparing international experts and business leaders, and examining the complex Semester for your initial interview. issues facing nations, organizations, and decision makers today. Throughout the semester, you will also complete a guided independent Fall (15 credit hours) research project, working closely with a Georgetown research advisor As a full-time student enrolled at Georgetown Academic Seminar as you explore a topic of interest and apply the concepts you University for the semester, you will engage in In these small, interactive sessions, you will learn from have learned. academic and research pursuits while interning distinguished Georgetown faculty while exploring key issues on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin America and the Caribbean: U.S. Policy Overview
    Updated June 30, 2021 Latin America and the Caribbean: U.S. Policy Overview U.S. interests in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) almost every country in recession. As a result, poverty and are diverse and include economic, political, security, and inequality have increased throughout the region, and many humanitarian concerns. Geographic proximity has ensured countries may struggle with protracted economic strong economic linkages between the United States and recoveries. The economic setback associated with the LAC, with the United States a major trading partner and pandemic contributed to increased protests in the region in source of foreign investment for many regional countries. late 2020 and 2021. Beginning in late April 2021, mass Free-trade agreements (FTAs) have augmented U.S. protests in Colombia against a pandemic-related tax reform economic relations with 11 countries in the region. LAC is turned into broader anti-government protests. also a large source of U.S. immigration, both authorized and unauthorized; economic and security conditions are Concern about democracy and human rights has increased major factors driving migration trends. in several countries in 2021. Haiti is experiencing heightened insecurity and political unrest against President Curbing the flow of illicit drugs from LAC has been a key Jovenel Moïse, who has ruled by decree since January component of U.S. relations with the region for decades. 2020; legislative and presidential elections are scheduled The flow of illicit drugs—including heroin, for September 2021. The government of Nicaraguan methamphetamine, and fentanyl from Mexico and cocaine President Daniel Ortega has arrested prominent opposition from Colombia—poses risks to U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • La Ondo De Esperanto, 2018, №10, P
    La Ondo de Esperanto Internacia sendependa magazino en Esperanto. 2018. №12 Bazaj informoj pri La Ondo de Esperanto Internacia sendependa magazino en Esperanto. 2018. №12 (290) Ekde 2017 La Ondo de Esperanto aperas nur elektronike, kiel bitgazeto laŭ la normoj “pdf” kaj “ePub”. Aperas ĉiumonate, krom aŭgusto. Senpaga literatura suplemento jarfine. Fondita en 1909 de Aleksandr Saĥarov. Refondita en 1991. Eldonas kaj administras: Halina Gorecka Redaktas: Aleksander Korĵenkov Konstantaj kunlaborantoj: Paweł Fischer-Kotowski (vicredaktoro), Peter Baláž, István Ertl, Irina Gonĉarova, Dafydd ab Iago, Wolfgang Kirschstein, Aleksej Korĵen- kov, Floréal Martorell, Valentin Melnikov, Paŭlo Moĵa jevo, Sergio Pokrovskij Poŝta adreso: RU-236039 Kaliningrad, ab. ja. 1205, Ruslando Retpoŝtaj adresoj: [email protected], [email protected] Retejoj: http://esperanto-ondo.ru, http://sezonoj.ru Perantoj. Vidu la liston sur p. 66-67. Abontarifo por 2019 Internacia eŭra tarifo: 15 eŭroj Internacia dolara tarifo: 17 usonaj dolaroj Pollando: 60 zlotoj Ruslando kaj Belarusio: 850 ruslandaj rubloj Anonctarifo Plena paĝo: 50 eŭroj (3000 ruslandaj rubloj) Duona paĝo: 30 eŭroj (1800 rubloj) Kvarona paĝo: 15 eŭroj (900 rubloj) Okona paĝo: 10 eŭroj (600 rubloj) Triona rabato pro ripeto. Donacoj: La donacoj estas danke akceptataj ĉe la redakcia adreso (ruslandaj rubloj) aŭ ĉe nia UEA-konto “avko-u” ĉe UEA. Recenzoj: Bonvolu sendi du ekzemplerojn de la recenzota libro, kasedo, disko k. a. al la redakcia adreso. Represoj: Oni povas represi tekstojn kaj bildojn nur kun permeso de la redakcio aŭ de la aŭtoro kaj kun indiko de la fonto. “La Ondo de Esperanto” (Волна эсперанто). 2018, №12 (290). Ежемесячный журнал на языке эсперанто. Журнал зарегистрирован Министерством Российской Федерации по делам печати, телерадиовещания и средств массовых коммуникаций.
    [Show full text]
  • The Practical Internationalism of Esperanto
    nº 24 - SEPTEMBER 2015 PACIFISTS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN DEPTH The Practical Internationalism of Esperanto Xavier Alcalde International Catalan Institute for Peace “The Esperantists from around the world who went to France to attend the 10th World Congress of Esperanto, in Paris, and who, once there, witnessed the war in- vasion and experienced the hardship and misery of that tragic retreat by road and rail; those of us who went to France to sing pacifist songs and were answered by cannons; (…) those of us who, refusing to abandon our ideals, locked ourselves up in cellars lacking light and air, we must inevitably be Esperantists.” Josep Prat i Bonet (1) At the beginning of the 20th century, the rise of nationalism among European powers on the one hand and the need for the internationalization of scientific research on the other had situated the debate about the auxiliary language among the main issues of the international agenda. It was a debate related to the intellectual dilemmas of the time that went from scientific to spiritual issues, from national or ethnic identity to the so-called Jewish problem and, especially, the possibility of peace in international relations.(2) According to a contemporary sociological study, if there was something that charac- terized a large part of a movement as diverse and plural as the Esperantist movement, it was its pacifist nature. In this respect, it is no exaggeration to say that, had it taken place, the World Congress of Paris in 1914 would have been the largest gathering of pacifists in all of history.(3) But war broke out and Esperantists had to adapt to the new situation and perform various tasks either through the press, through humanita- rian actions or in pacifist organizations.
    [Show full text]