Invasion of Religious Boundaries
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Shri Guru Nanak Dev Life, Travels and Teachings Other Books by the Author
Shri Guru Nanak Dev Life, Travels and Teachings Other Books by the Author The other books by the author, Dr. G.S. Chauhan are: 1. Guru Nanak Dev's Japji Sahib. 2. Guru Arjan Dev's Sukhmani Sahib 3. Bani of Bhagats 4. The Gospel of the Sikh Gurus 5. Rahras & Kirtan Sohila 6. Nitnem All these books are being distributed 'free of cost' among the general public by the All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.), Amritsar. Shri Guru Nanak Dev Life, Travels and Teachings Dr G.S. Chauhan Dr Meenakshi Rajan Publisher : Dr. Inderjit Kaur President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.) Amritsar Shri Guru Nanak Dev Life, Travels and Teachings by Dr. G.S. Chauhan Dr. Meenakshi Rajan © Writer March : 2012 ISBN: 978-81-923150-1-0 Publisher : Dr. Inderjit Kaur President All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.) Amritsar Printed at: Printwell 146, Industrial Focal Point, Amritsar Dedication This Humble effort to describe Shri Guru Nanak Dev's Life, Travels and Teachings is dedicated to the great saint of twentieth century, Bhagat Puran Singh, founder of All India Pingalwara Charitable Society (Regd.) Amritsar. It was due to his blessings when I met him in July 1991 that an ignorant person like me could study and understand Gurbani and write about the Guru' teachings. Bhagat Puran Singh was a great soul and even now, he guides and removes suffering of those who help his mission of running Pingalwara. I have seen that in many cases, when some people sent donations with full faith, their diseases were cured and problems solved. -
Guru Tegh Bahadur
Second Edition: Revised and updated with Gurbani of Guru Tegh Bahadur. GURU TEGH BAHADUR (1621-1675) The True Story Gurmukh Singh OBE (UK) Published by: Author’s note: This Digital Edition is available to Gurdwaras and Sikh organisations for publication with own cover design and introductory messages. Contact author for permission: Gurmukh Singh OBE E-mail: [email protected] Second edition © 2021 Gurmukh Singh © 2021 Gurmukh Singh All rights reserved by the author. Except for quotations with acknowledgement, no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or medium without the specific written permission of the author or his legal representatives. The account which follows is that of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Nanak IX. His martyrdom was a momentous and unique event. Never in the annals of human history had the leader of one religion given his life for the religious freedom of others. Tegh Bahadur’s deed [martyrdom] was unique (Guru Gobind Singh, Bachittar Natak.) A martyrdom to stabilize the world (Bhai Gurdas Singh (II) Vaar 41 Pauri 23) ***** First edition: April 2017 Second edition: May 2021 Revised and updated with interpretation of the main themes of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Gurbani. References to other religions in this book: Sikhi (Sikhism) respects all religious paths to the One Creator Being of all. Guru Nanak used the same lens of Truthful Conduct and egalitarian human values to judge all religions as practised while showing the right way to all in a spirit of Sarbatt da Bhala (wellbeing of all). His teachings were accepted by most good followers of the main religions of his time who understood the essence of religion, while others opposed. -
Class Notes Class: VII Topic: Ch.10
Class Notes Class: VII Topic: Ch.10 . 18th Century Political Formations Subject: Our Pasts –II(History) Exercise questions and answers. Let’s Recall . 1. Match the following subadar – a revenue farmer faujdar – a high noble ijaradar – provincial governor misl – Maratha peasant warriors chauth – a Mughal military commander kunbis – A band of Sikh warriors umara – tax levied by the Marathas Ans: subadar – provincial governor faujdar – a Mughal military commander ijaradar – a revenue farmer misl – A band of Sikh warriors chauth – tax levied by the Marathas kunbis – Maratha peasant warriors umara – a high noble 2. Fill in the blanks: (a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the ………………… (b) Umara and Jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal (c) Asaf Jah founded the Hyderabad state in …………………. (d) The founder of the Awadh state was ……………….. Ans: (a) Deccan (b) administration (c)1724 (d)Burhan-ul-Mulk Sa’adat Khan 3. State whether true or false: (a) Nadir Shah invaded Bengal. (b) Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore. (c) Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs. (d) Poona became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century. Answer: (a)—False, (b)—False, (c)—True, (d)—True 4. What were the offices held by Sa’adat Khan? Answer: Offices held by Sa’adat Khan were: Subadari Faujdari Diwani He was responsible for managing political, military and financial affairs. 5. Why did the Nawab of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the jagirdari system? Answer : Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal tried to do away with the jagirdari system because: 1. -
Geothermal Development in India
Advancing the Role of Geospatial THEME Knowledge in Indian Economy 24-26 August 2021 HICC Hyderabad, India CLICK TO KNOW MORE Geothermal Development in India Mahesh Thakur Assistant Professor Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Panjab University Sector 14, Chandigarh India-160014 Outline Basic Concept Heat flow, Heat Production and Geothermal Geothermal Exploration Techniques Case Study of Dixie Valley, Nevada, USA Geothermal Resources in India Hot springs, Volcanoes Center of Advanced Study for Geothermal Energy (CASGE) PU Efforts for Geothermal Sector in India Future Scope Challenges to Geothermal Development in India Earth Age and Structure 4.54 Billion Years Present day Worldwide distribution of geothermal fields Active tectonic belts / plate boundaries / regions of high heat flow Sites of Quaternary volcanism (e.g., Pacific Ring of Fire) Gupta & Roy, 2006 Sources of Heat Flow Surface heat flow on Earth is due to 1) Secular cooling of the Earth (24 Tera Watt) 2) The remainder originates in the Earth interior through the radioactive decay of U, Th and K. (20 Tera Watt) Surface Heat Flow on the Continents Determination of Heat Flow Q= K dt/dz Q= Surface Heat Flow (mWm-2) K= Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) dt/dz= Geothermal gradient (oC/Km) SMU What is geothermal? • The word geothermal comes from the Greek words geo (Earth) and therme (heat). • The heat continuously flowing from the Earth’s interior, which travels primarily by conduction in the lithosphere, is estimated to be equivalent to 44 TW of power, and is expected to remain so for billions of years to come, ensuring an inexhaustible supply of energy. -
Know Your Heritage Introductory Essays on Primary Sources of Sikhism
KNOW YOUR HERIGAGE INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS ON PRIMARY SOURCES OF SIKHISM INSTITUTE OF S IKH S TUDIES , C HANDIGARH KNOW YOUR HERITAGE INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS ON PRIMARY SOURCES OF SIKHISM Dr Dharam Singh Prof Kulwant Singh INSTITUTE OF S IKH S TUDIES CHANDIGARH Know Your Heritage – Introductory Essays on Primary Sikh Sources by Prof Dharam Singh & Prof Kulwant Singh ISBN: 81-85815-39-9 All rights are reserved First Edition: 2017 Copies: 1100 Price: Rs. 400/- Published by Institute of Sikh Studies Gurdwara Singh Sabha, Kanthala, Indl Area Phase II Chandigarh -160 002 (India). Printed at Adarsh Publication, Sector 92, Mohali Contents Foreword – Dr Kirpal Singh 7 Introduction 9 Sri Guru Granth Sahib – Dr Dharam Singh 33 Vars and Kabit Swiyyas of Bhai Gurdas – Prof Kulwant Singh 72 Janamsakhis Literature – Prof Kulwant Singh 109 Sri Gur Sobha – Prof Kulwant Singh 138 Gurbilas Literature – Dr Dharam Singh 173 Bansavalinama Dasan Patshahian Ka – Dr Dharam Singh 209 Mehma Prakash – Dr Dharam Singh 233 Sri Gur Panth Parkash – Prof Kulwant Singh 257 Sri Gur Partap Suraj Granth – Prof Kulwant Singh 288 Rehatnamas – Dr Dharam Singh 305 Know your Heritage 6 Know your Heritage FOREWORD Despite the widespread sweep of globalization making the entire world a global village, its different constituent countries and nations continue to retain, follow and promote their respective religious, cultural and civilizational heritage. Each one of them endeavours to preserve their distinctive identity and take pains to imbibe and inculcate its religio- cultural attributes in their younger generations, so that they continue to remain firmly attached to their roots even while assimilating the modern technology’s influence and peripheral lifestyle mannerisms of the new age. -
The Doctrinal Inconsistencies in Dasam Granth : in Relation to Avtarhood(Part I)
The Doctrinal inconsistencies in Dasam Granth : In relation to Avtarhood(Part I) Prof.Gurnam Kaur* (A) Introduction:- This paper is concerned with the authenticity of the compositions included in the Dasam Granth or we can say with the doctrinal inconsistencies in the Dasam Granth in relation to the idea of avtarhood,i.e. incarnation of God in different forms human or any, devi pooja (worship of goddess) shastar as Pir i.e. to worship weapons as the highest spiritual person, bias against unshorn hair, supporting the use of intoxicants and bias against woman. To judge all these things we have to take the help of Sikh tenants and adopt some basic criterion or methodology because these days animated discussions are going on about the Dasam Granth. The text has already been analyzed by known scholars from the historical, religious and theological points of view. Being the student of Sikh philosophy, with due regards to the analysis already done, I will try to analyze the text in the light of Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Sri Guru Granth Sahib is the basic and primary scripture of Sikh religion. No other scripture can be considered equal to it. This is the only Scripture in the history of the world religions which was compiled by its founder Gurus themselves. The fifth Guru Arjan Dev compiled the first recension and installed it at Harmander Sahib on Bhadon sudi. I, 1604 A.D. Bhai Gurdas was the first scribe and Baba Budha Ji was made the first Granthi. Guru Gobind Singh, the Tenth and last physical Guru, added the bani composed by Guru Teg Bahadur, the ninth Nanak Joti and bestowed 1 Guruship on the Granth before his final departure in samat 1765 from this mundane world. -
Statement of Changes in History Books of XI & XII Classes in Punjab
Statement of changes in History books of XI & XII classes in Punjab Name of the book: History Class XI Sl No. Class XII (Old) Class XI (New) Chapte Chapter Name Chapt Chapter Name r No. er No. 1. I Physical features of the Punjab This chapter has been included in and their influence on its class IX history. 2. II Sources of the History of the I Sources of History of Punjab Punjab. 3. III Political, Social and Economic II Foundation of Sikh Faith” (Guru conditions of the Punjab in the Nanak Dev Ji) beginning of the 16th Century 4. IV Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s life and his teachings 5. V Development of Sikhism under III Evolution of Sikhism From Guru Guru Angad Dev Ji, Guru Amar Angad Dev Ji to Guru Arjan Dev Ji Das Ji and Guru Ram Das Ji. 6. VI Guru Arjan Dev Ji and his martyrdom. 7. VII Guru Hargobind Ji and IV Transformation of the Sikh transformation of Sikhism Religion from Guru Hargobind Ji to Guru Teg Bahadur Ji 8. VIII Guru Teg Bahadur Ji and his martyrdom 9. IX Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the V "A New Phase of Sikhism (Guru foundation of Khalsa, his Gobind Singh Ji and The Creation battles and his personality. of Khalsa)" 10. X Banda Bahadur. This chapter has been retained in Class XII as a part of Chapter 10- Towards Sikh state 11. XI Abdus Samad Khan, Zakaria This chapter has been included in Khan and Mir Mannu, their class X. Also this topic has been relations with partly discussed in chapter 10 of the Sikhs class XII 12. -
Guru Gobind Singh
GURU GOBIND SINGH MADHU KALIMIPALLI Coin depicting Guru Gobind Singh from 1747 CE BIRTH OF GURU GOBIND SINGH • Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1661 - 1708), born "Gobind Rai" at Patna Sahib, Bihar, India, was the tenth and last of the ’Human form of Gurus’ of Sikhism. • He was born to Mata Gujri and Guru Tegh Bahadur Jin in 1661. • He became Guru on November 24, 1675 at the age of nine, following the martyrdom of his father, the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. GURU GOBIND SINGH LAST OF 10 SIKH GURUS The ten Sikh gurus in order are: • Guru Tegh Bahadur (1665 - 1675). • Guru Nanak (1469 - 1539). ... • Guru Gobind Singh (1675 - 1708). • Guru Angad (1539 - 1552). ... • Guru Amar Das (1552 - 1574). ... • Guru Ram Das (1574 - 1581). ... • Guru Gobind Singh was the last of the • Guru Arjan (1581 - 1606). ... human gurus. He introduced the Khalsa, • Guru Hargobind (1606 - 1644). ... or ‘pure ones’ and the ‘five Ks'. Just before he died in 1708, he proclaimed • Guru Har Rai (1644 - 1661). ... Guru Granth Sahib - the Sikh scripture - • Guru Har Krishan (1661 - 1664). as the future guru. Guru Gobind Singh with his horse LIFE OF GURU GOBIND SINGH • Guru Gobind Singh was a divine messenger, a warrior, a poet, and a philosopher. • He was born to advance righteousness and Dharma , emancipate the good, and destroy all evil-doers. • He molded the Sikh religion into its present shape, with the institution of the Khalsa fraternity, and the completion of the sacred scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib Ji, in the Before leaving his mortal body in 1708, Guru Gobind Singh final form that we see today. -
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and Its Text in Literature*
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and its Text in Literature* By: Jasbir Singh Mann M.D. Granths with title as Sri Dasam Granth/or Dasam Patshahi Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, also known as Standard Version of Dasam Granth has been seen since 1897 AD in Circulation in Title prints with fixed compositions/contents with and arrangement of contents in 1428 pages, which was published after correction of 32 Granths by a Sodhak committee 1896AD and in Print form since 1900AD. Review of Literature shows no such Granth with Title Sri Dasam Granth or Dasmi Patshahi Ka Granth (with fixed pattern of Compositions/contents and arrangement) was seen in Punjab or Delhi area Sikh institutions in 18th century. Indian sources, Persian sources & over 30 European sources were silent about this Granth during 18th Century. In Literature Title “Dasmi Patshahi Granth” was first time reported by Malcolm in 1810 AD (early 19th century). Then onwards in early 19th century, such Granths started appearing in Sikh institutions in Punjab, initially in hand written Birs and then in print form in 19th century. By 1895AD, over 32 versions, with variable patterns of compositions in hand written birs, including six printed versions were available in Punjab. Sodhak committee prepared final standard version in 1897 AD which has been extensively used in literature during 20th century (1900AD-2000AD). This Granth has always remained controversial among scholars and Sikh community and issues of authenticity of its compositions can be traced during Cunningham during Pre-Singhsabha /Singh Sabha period and from 1947AD onwards till 2013. -
The Institution of the Akal Takht: the Transformation of Authority in Sikh History
religions Article The Institution of the Akal Takht: The Transformation of Authority in Sikh History Gurbeer Singh Department of Religious Studies, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] Abstract: The Akal Takht is considered to be the central seat of authority in the Sikh tradition. This article uses theories of legitimacy and authority to explore the validity of the authority and legitimacy of the Akal Takht and its leaders throughout time. Starting from the initial institution of the Akal Takht and ending at the Akal Takht today, the article applies Weber’s three types of legitimate authority to the various leaderships and custodianships throughout Sikh history. The article also uses Berger and Luckmann’s theory of the symbolic universe to establish the constant presence of traditional authority in the leadership of the Akal Takht. Merton’s concept of group norms is used to explain the loss of legitimacy at certain points of history, even if one or more types of Weber’s legitimate authority match the situation. This article shows that the Akal Takht’s authority, as with other political religious institutions, is in the reciprocal relationship between the Sikh population and those in charge. This fluidity in authority is used to explain and offer a solution on the issue of authenticity and authority in the Sikh tradition. Keywords: Akal Takht; jathedar; Sikh institutions; Sikh Rehat Maryada; Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC); authority; legitimacy Citation: Singh, Gurbeer. 2021. The Institution of the Akal Takht: The 1. Introduction Transformation of Authority in Sikh History. Religions 12: 390. https:// The Akal Takht, originally known as the Akal Bunga, is the seat of temporal and doi.org/10.3390/rel12060390 spiritual authority of the Sikh tradition. -
School Diary 2020 - 2021
SCHOOL DIARY 2020 - 2021 GURU GOBIND SINGH PUBLIC SCHOOL Head Office : Sector-V/B, Bokaro Steel City, Tel.: 268589, 267989 (P&T), 267783 (Fax) E-mail: [email protected], Website : www.ggpsbokaro.org Branches : • GGPS, Chas, Tel. : 06542-265655, E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.ggpschas.org • GGPS, Sector II (Gurudwara Premises) B.S.City, Tel. : 06542-224601 • GGPS, Dhanbad, Tel. : 0326-2301035, E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.ggpsdhanbad.org • Mata Draupadi Namdhari Guru Gobind Singh Public School Daltonganj, Dist- Palamu, Tel No.: 06562-290405/9430164332 Email : [email protected] • GGPS, Mohali, Chandigarh, Tel: 0172-5094030 • GGPS, Hoshiarpur, E-mail : [email protected] Tel: 01882-266557, Ph. : 6283564268 1 THE EMBLEM/COAT OF ARMS BAAZ : A glorious symbol of Nawabs, Maharajas & Rajas KIRPAN : Kirpa + Aan (Power with Honour) An emblem of courage and adventure which is to be used for defence and not for offence. GURU GRANTH SAHIB : "Shabad Guru" of the Sikh Panth. SAT SANTOK HVICHAR : He, who is truthful, content and rational, is learned. "TO SERVE THE HUMANITY AT LARGE" 2 [PARENTS MUST FILL UP THIS PAGE] (To be retained by the Class Teacher) Name:............................................................................................. Photo Adm. No...................................Class/Section :............................ Stamp Size Roll No.:..........................House.................................................... Bus Stop :......................................Bus No.............................................................. -
(1469-1539) (Ii) Guru Angad Dev Ji (1504-1552) (Iii
13. Who is the spiritual father of the Khalsa? 1. Name the ten Gurus of the Sikhs in the right order. Guru Gobind Singh Ji (i) Guru Nanak Dev Ji (1469-1539) 14. Who is the spiritual mother of the Khalsa? (ii) Guru Angad Dev Ji (1504-1552) Mata Sahib Kaur Ji (iii) Guru Amardas Ji (1479-1574) 15. What is the birth place of the Khalsa? (iv) Guru Ramdas Ji (1534-1581) Anandpur Sahib (v) Guru Arjan Dev Ji (1563-1606) 16. What is the Sikh Salutation? (vi) Guru Hargobind Ji (1595-1644) Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa (vii) Guru Har Rai Ji (1630-1661) Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh! (viii) Guru Harkrishan Ji (1656-1664) 17. What is the Sikh Jaikara? (ix) Guru Teg Bahadur Ji (1621-1675) Boley So Nihaal (x) Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1666-1708) Sat Sri Akaal! 2. Name the present Guru of the Sikhs. 18. What is the literal meaning of the word ‘Sikh’? Guru Granth Sahib Ji and Guru Panth Khalsa Disciple 3. Who were the four Sahibzade? 19. What is the literal meaning of the word ‘Singh’? They were the sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Lion 4. Name the four Sahibzade. 20. What is the literal meaning of the word ‘Kaur’? 1. Baba Ajit Singh Ji (1687-1704) Princess 2. Baba Jujhar Singh Ji (1689-1704) 21. Name the five prayers that comprise Nitnem, the daily prayer 3. Baba Zorawar Singh Ji (1696-1704) of the Sikhs (according to the SGPC Rehat Maryada) 4. Baba Fateh Singh Ji (1698-1704) • Morning (Dawn - Amrit Vela) 5.