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Orking Rough, Living Poor Working Rough, Living Poor Employment and Income Insecurities faced by Racialized Groups and their Impacts on Health Published by Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services, 2011 Study funded by: To be cited as: Wilson, R.M., P. Landolt, Y.B. Shakya, G. Galabuzi, Z. Zahoorunissa, D. Pham, F. Cabrera, S. Dahy, and M-P. Joly. (2011). Working Rough, Living Poor: Employment and Income Insecurities Faced by Racialized Groups in the Black Creek Area and their Impacts on Health. Toronto: Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services. The content for this report was collaboratively analyzed and written by the core team of the Income Security, Race and Health research working group. The research was designed and implemented with valuable feedback from all our Advisory Committee members and other community partners (see list in Acknowledgement section) The views expressed in this report do not necessarily represent the views of The Wellesley Institute or the Metcalf Foundation. Requests for permission and copies of this report should be addressed to: Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services 500-340 College Street Toronto, ON M5S 3G3 Telephone: (416) 324-8677 Fax: (416) 324-9074 www.accessalliance.ca © 2011 Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services About the Income Security, Race and Health Research Working Group The Income Security, Race and Health (ISRH) Research Working Group is a interdisciplinary research group comprising of academics, service providers, and peer researchers interested in examining racialized economic and health inequalities. The group was established in Toronto in 2006 under the leadership of Access Alliance. The key goals of the ISRH team are to investigate the systemic causes of growing racialized inequalities in employment and income, and to document the health impacts of these inequalities. We plan to use evidence generated from this study to mobilize progressive policy solutions to overcome the systemic employment and health inequalities faced by racialized groups in Canada. Our research is guided by principles of Community-Based Research (CBR). The ISRH team decided to focus the initial phases of the research in the Black Creek area, a low-income marginalized area in the northwest peri-urban region of Toronto. The team developed strong local partnerships in the Black Creek area and trained and engaged 10 low-income racialized residents from the Black Creek area as research collaborators (―peer researchers‖) at all phases of the project. In 2007, we used photovoice methodology to document the impact of poverty on racialized residents of the Black Creek area. See www.accessalliance.ca/research/publications for a pdf copy of the “Exposed‖ photo book from this project. For the second phase (2008-2009), we conducted 8 focus groups with different racialized groups in the Black Creek area and 3 focus groups with service providers (management and frontline). This study has generated rich evidence about the strategies that racialized groups use to achieve employment/income security, the multiple systemic barriers and discriminations that they experience in the labour market, and the compounding negative impacts these experiences have on their health (at the individual, family and community levels). The present report, Working Rough, Living Poor, is based on findings from the second phase of research. Research bulletins and other outputs from this study is available from www.accessalliance.ca The salient findings from the second phase have already raised many new questions and have catalyzed new research projects. The third phase of our research (to be completed by end of 2011) involves conducting two rounds of in-depth family interviews with 12 precariously employed racialized families in the Black Creek area to better understand everyday family strategies for achieving employment/income security and family-level impacts of precarious employment and income insecurity. At the same time, Access Alliance has brought together another interdisciplinary research team to investigate the gendered barriers and de-professionalization that racialized immigrant women in Toronto face. This study on gendered barriers faced by racialized immigrant women is one of the six case studies of the Poverty and Precarious Employment in Southern Ontario (PEPSO) project led by Dr. Wayne Lewchuck and United Way Toronto with funding from a Community University Research Alliance (CURA) grant. Results from this study will be available in 2012. i │Working Rough, Living Poor Acknowledgements This report is a result of several years of hard work with input and support from many collaborators, partners, advisors and students. Our sincere gratitude to everyone who helped with this study (and apologies if we forgot to include your name below). Your contributions enriched the quality of the study process as well as it findings. Thank you to our dedicated Project Advisory Committee members who were instrumental in helping us design the study, set project priorities and provide ongoing advice along the way. Core Project Team members (tagged with a ‗*‘) responsible for everyday implementation of the research are the heart and soul of this study. The project would not have been possible with the tremendous effort from each member of the Core Project Team and Advisory Committee: Safy Abouzaid, Peer Researcher Michelle Ashem, Toronto Public Health Kenza Belaid, Peer Researcher Dianne Broad, Griffin Centre Lisa Brown, Black Creek Community Health Centre *Felix Cabrera, Peer Researcher *Sherine Mohamed Abdel Aziz Dahy, Peer Researcher Sarah Flicker, York University *Grace-Edward Galabuzzi, Ryerson University Michaela Hynie, York University Celena Knight, Peer Researcher *Patricia Landolt, University of Toronto *Darren Pham, Peer Researcher Adriana Pazos, Peer Researcher Nury Rugeles, Delta Family Resource Centre *Yogendra Shakya, Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services *Ruth Marie Wilson, Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services *Z. Zahoorunnisa, Lead Peer Researcher We would also like to thank the following partners for various supports and advice to the project including providing meeting space, helping with recruitment, promoting our events, providing relevant references/resources and other assistance: Jackeline Barragan, Black Creek Community Health Centre Sue Levesque, YorkU-TD CEC Seneca College in Yorkgate Mall Black Creek Community Collaborative Laura Metcalfe, Community Development Officer, City of Toronto Farid Chaharlangi, Jane and Finch Action Against Poverty Sabrina ‗Butterfly‘ Gopaul, Jane and Finch Action Against Poverty Delia Ta, Yorkgate Employment Resource Centre, JVS Toronto Lorna Weignand, Doorsteps Diane Patychuk, Steps to Equity Elaine Ebach, Toronto Public Health ii │Working Rough, Living Poor Naomi Ives, Parkdale Community Legal Services (previously at Delta Family and Resource Centre) Michael Kerr, Colour of Change – Colour of Poverty Avvy Go, Colour of Change – Colour of Poverty Thank you to the following research assistants for helping to co-facilitate (with peer researchers) the focus groups in first language of study participants: Hannan Harb, Qamar Zaidi, Sugandha Nagpal, Nayrouz Abu-Hatoum, Paloma Villegas, Francisco Villegas, Diana Younes. Hats off to students who helped with this project as part of the student placement: Alberto Almeida, Denise Chung, Davina Balram, Theon Harrichand, Nyembezi Zviuya, Marie-Pier Joly, and Sana Siddiqui. Thank you to Marguerite Pigeon for editing and proofreading this report, Victor Szeto for design (cover and graphical components), and Alvin Ng (DraganSnap Design) for printing. Thank you to George Wilson for lending us his car for project related travel. Our gratitude to our funders Metcalf Foundation and The Wellesley Institute. Special thank you to Colette Murphy from Metcalf Foundation and Brenda Roche and Bob Gardner from The Wellesley Institute for advice along the way, including input about policy implications of study findings. Thank you to Cities Center, University of Toronto for providing space and other support. Of course we could not have done this without the help of several Access Alliance staff. Thank you to our creative Research Trainers, Rabea Murtaza and Matt Adams, for facilitating our Collaborative Research Design sessions and for providing relevant training. Special thank you to Carolina Rios for taking care of all the administrative logistics. Thank you to Helene Gregoire and Sharmila Shewprasad for initial groundwork on this project. Thank you to our resourceful Data and Evaluation Coordinator, Andrew Koch, for providing relevant data and for assistance with project evaluation. Thank you to Thuy Tran for helping with recruiting Vietnamese-speaking participants and for co-facilitating the Vietnamese speaking focus group. And thank you to our Executive Director, Axelle Janczur, for overall guidance and for providing internal resources to the project. iii │Working Rough, Living Poor List of Acronyms AAMHCS Access Alliance Multicultural Health and Community Services CBR Community-Based Research CCHS Canadian Community Health Survey CDA Collaborative Data Analysis CMA Census Metropolitan Area CRD Collaborative Research Design CURA Community University Research Alliance EMCONET Employment Conditions Knowledge Network EI Employment Insurance ESA Employment Standards Act FG Focus Group ILO International Labour Organization ISRH Income Security, Race and Health LSIC Longitudinal
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