DOCSLIB.ORG

Beatriz Bernal and Her Cristalián De España: A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Beatriz Bernal and Her Cristalián De España: A i CHIVALRY THROUGH A WOMAN’S PEN: BEATRIZ BERNAL AND HER CRISTALIÁN DE ESPAÑA: A TRANSCRIPTION AND STUDY ________________________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board _____________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________________________________________ By Jodi Growitz Shearn August, 2012 Examining Committee Members: Montserrat Piera, Advisory Chair, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Hortensia Morell, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Teresa Scott Soufas, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Stacey Schlau, External Member, Department of Languages and Cultures, West Chester University ii © Copyright 2012 by Jodi Growitz Shearn All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Title: Chivalry through a Woman’s Pen: Beatriz Bernal and Her Cristalián de España: A Transcription and Study Candidate’s Name: Jodi Growitz Shearn Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Temple University, 2012 Doctoral Advisory Committee Chair: Dr. Montserrat Piera This doctoral dissertation is a paleographic transcription of a Spanish chivalric romance written by Beatriz Bernal in 1545. Cristalián de España, as the text is referred to, was printed twice in its full book form, four parts and 304 folios. It was also well-received outside of the peninsula, and published twice in its Italian translation. This incunabulum is quite a contribution to the chivalric genre for many reasons. It is not only well-written and highly entertaining, but it is the only known Castilian romance of its kind written by a woman. This detail cannot be over-emphasized. Chivalric tales have been enjoyed for centuries and throughout many different mediums. Readers and listeners alike had been enjoying these romances years before the libros de caballerías reached the height of their popularity in Spain. Hundreds of contributions to the genre are still in print today and available in numerous translations. Given this reality, it seems highly suspect that this romance, penned by a woman, and of excellent quality, is not found on the shelves next to iv other texts of the genre. Cristalián, despite what scholars of the genre have erroneously posited, was not an obscure text in sixteenth-century Spain. Bookstore and print-shop inventories of its time list numerous copies of Bernal’s romance in bound book form, which confirm that Cristalián was circulating for at least sixty years. The purpose of this dissertation is two-fold. In order for Cristalián to be included in conversations of any nature, it must be made available. This transcription of Book I and II seeks to accomplish that. Secondly, current scholarship must re-imagine erroneous constructions of sixteenth-century reader’s preferences. These prevalent constructions have often excluded noteworthy contributions to literature, especially those written by women. My aim is to redress this imbalance by analyzing Beatriz Bernal’s written text and her writing strategies. The first three sections of the accompanying study more thoroughly address the challenges facing women writers in sixteenth-century Spain while also considering issues of literacy, reader preferences, and text distribution of the period. The last sections of the study are devoted specifically to the chivalric genre, and to Bernal’s exemplary romance, Cristalián de España. Also included in the appendix are woodcuts from both Castilian editions, the proemio from the second edition, the chapter rubrics from Book I and II, and an index of characters from the narration. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I give great thanks to the many teachers and professors who have shaped my ideals as both a teacher and a scholar. Most specifically, Dr. Montserrat Piera, who, for me, opened the door to women writers of the past. She has encouraged me to be ambitious, to take risks and to finish well. She has sacrificed hours of time to help me cultivate my language and writing skills, Spanish, Catalan, and English, and has continually believed in my abilities as a writer, scholar and new mother. This project could not have been realized without her support and friendship. I dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Joanne and Richard Growitz and to my godmother Audrey Larvey who have supported me unconditionally throughout my adventures. Words cannot express the gratitude I have for them. And to my husband Tim who has supported every step of this process, my appreciation for your understanding and encouragement of my commitment to these endeavors is beyond measure. Above all I thank God for lighting the path toward the many outstanding women scholars who have made this goal possible, and toward the commendable women writers of the past like Beatriz Bernal. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................v CHAPTER 1: APPROACHING THE ROMANCE OF CHIVALRY: Illuminating the Obscured........................................................................................1 2: BEATRIZ BERNAL AND THE WRITERS OF SIXTEENTH-CENTURY SPAIN ................................................................................................................................11 3: CRISTALIÁN DE ESPAÑA: APPROACHING THE TEXT AND ITS POPULARITY IN SPAIN AND BEYOND ...............................................................................................16 The Evolution of the Chivalric Romance ..............................................................33 The Chivalric Code ................................................................................................42 Cristalián de España: Replicating or Refashioning? ............................................47 The Characters of Cristalián de España ................................................................51 Plot-sketch: The Structure of Cristalián de España ..............................................56 4: TRANSCRIPTION PROCESS......................................................................................65 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..............................................................................................................69 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................................78 A. PROEMIO .....................................................................................................................79 B. WOODCUTS ................................................................................................................82 C. PHOTOS .......................................................................................................................86 vii D. INDEX OF CHAPTERS ...............................................................................................89 E. INDEX OF CHARACTERS .......................................................................................110 F. CRISTALIAN DE ESPAÑA: BOOK I ..........................................................................115 G. CRISTALIAN DE ESPAÑA: BOOK II .....................................................................1,011 1 CHAPTER I APPROACHING THE ROMANCE OF CHIVALRY Illuminating the Obscured Stories of fantasy are a fundamental facet of culture both past and present. Fable, myth, fairy tale, legend, fantasy, speculative and science fiction are just a few categories that can be placed under the large umbrella of fantasy literature. All classifications aside, it is irrefutable that tales of fantasy have entertained the masses for centuries. Readers and listeners of sixteenth-century Spain, for example, tirelessly explored the microcosms of the chivalric romances circulating at that time. This same enthusiasm for the fantastic is easily observed in twenty-first century consumers who continue to enjoy the chivalric romances of the past. In fact, contemporary writers still compose epic tales of fantasy, often with chivalric undertones. 1 This considered, one can easily conclude that present- day consumers are attracted to the same chivalric themes (albeit altered) as those presented in sixteenth-century Spanish romances of chivalry. A more concrete example of this connection can be found in a post from the website amadisofgaul.blogspot.com2 on June 11, 2009. This blog site, dedicated to the well- known Spanish chivalric romance Amadís de Gaula, showcased fantasy fiction author and translator José Miguel Pallarés3 and his article entitled “An Approach to Novels of Chivalry”. Upon considering “The Imaginary in Spanish Literature,” Pallarés, through a 1 Concrete examples of this phenomenon are given on page 16. 2 I refer to this blog site solely for the purpose of establishing a useful and telling link between readers and composers of fantasy (romances of chivalry) in the sixteenth century and their present day counterparts. I do not wish to imply that the website mentioned should be recognized as high academic discourse, although I do value Pallares' insights as a reader, writer and translator of fantasy literature. 3 Pallarés is a very appropriate example of this connection. He is not only interested in chivalric romances of the past, but is committed to the translation and publication of popular epic fantasy novels written in English, the Twilight Saga, for example. 2 retrospective
Load more

  1731
Copy Link
Recommended publications
  • The Christian Recovery of Spain, Being the Story of Spain from The
    ~T'^~r''m»^ STORY OF r>.e N ATJONS^rrrr: >' *•=• ?(¥**''' ^'i^^J^^^^'^'^^rP'.'fiS- «* j; *!v'---v-^^'--: "'I'l "i .'^l^lllL""ll'h i' [i^lLl^lA^AiiJ rr^^Tf iii Di ii i m im wmV' W M»\immmtmme>mmmm>timmms6 Digitized by the Internet Arciiive in 2008 witii funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.arcliive.org/details/cliristianrecoverOOwattricli THE STORY OF THE NATIONS 2MO, ILLUSTRATED. PER VOL., $1.50 THE EARLIER VOLUMES ARE THE STORY OF GREECE. By Prof. Jas. A. Harrison THE STORY OF ROME. By Arthur Oilman THE STORY OF THE JEWS. By Prof. Jas. K. Hosmer THE STORY OF CHALDEA. By Z. A. Ragozin THE STORY OF GERMANY. By S. Baring-Gould THE STORY OF NORWAY. By Prof. H. H. Bovesen THE STORY OF SPAIN. By E. E. and Susan Hale THE STORY OF HUNGARY. By Prof. A. V.^MBfiRY THE STORY OF CARTHAGE. By Prof. Alfred J. Church THE STORY OF THE SARACENS. By Arthur Oilman THE STORY OF THE MOORS IN SPAIN. By Stanley Lane-Poole THE STORY OF THE NORMANS. By Sarah O. Jewett THE STORY OF PERSIA. By S. G. W. Benjamin THE STORY OF ANCIENT EGYPT. By Geo. Rawlinson THE STORY OF ALEXANDER'S EMPIRE. By Prof. J. P. Mahaffy THE STORY OF ASSYRIA. By Z. A. Ragozin THE STORY OF IRELAND. By Hon. Emilv Lawless THE STORY OF THE GOTHS. By Henry Bradley THE STORY OF TURKEY. By Stanley Lane-Poole THE STORY OF MEDIA, BABYLON, AND PERSIA. By Z. A. Ragozin THE STORY OF MEDIEVAL FRANCE. By Gustave Masson THE STORY OF MEXICO.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Tales: Spanish
    Conditions and Terms of Use TABLE OF CONTENTS Copyright © Heritage History 2009 Some rights reserved THE GOOD KING WAMBA ....................................................... 3 THE GREEK KING'S DAUGHTER .............................................. 5 This text was produced and distributed by Heritage History, an organization dedicated to the preservation of classical juvenile history books, and to the THE ENCHANTED PALACE ....................................................... 7 promotion of the works of traditional history authors. THE BATTLE OF GUADALETE .................................................. 9 HE ABLE OF OLOMON The books which Heritage History republishes are in the public domain and T T S ...................................................... 11 are no longer protected by the original copyright. They may therefore be reproduced THE STORY OF QUEEN EXILONA ........................................... 15 within the United States without paying a royalty to the author. PELISTES, THE DEFENDER OF CORDOVA ............................... 18 The text and pictures used to produce this version of the work, however, are THE STRATAGEM OF THEODOMIR ......................................... 21 the property of Heritage History and are licensed to individual users with some THE CAVE OF COVADONGA .................................................. 23 restrictions. These restrictions are imposed for the purpose of protecting the integrity HE DVENTURES OF A UGITIVE RINCE of the work itself, for preventing plagiarism, and for helping to assure
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF Datastream
    AN ‘AMIABLE ENMITY’: FRONTIER SPECTACLE AND INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS IN CASTILE AND CYPRUS by Thomas C. Devaney B.A., Trinity College, 1998 M.A.T., Boston College, 2000 M.A., University of Chicago, 2004 Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History at Brown University PROVIDENCE, RI MAY 2011 This dissertation by Thomas Connaught Devaney is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date:___________________ ____________________________________ Amy Remensnyder, Director Recommended to the Graduate Council Date:___________________ ____________________________________ Sheila Bonde, Reader Date:___________________ ____________________________________ Tara Nummedal, Reader Approved by the Graduate Council Date:___________________ ____________________________________ Peter M. Weber, Dean of the Graduate School ii CURRICULUM VITAE Thomas Devaney was born December 27, 1976 in New York City. He attended Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut from 1994 to 1998, where he earned a B.A. in History and received the Ferguson Prize in History for the honors thesis, “Fragmenting Social Tensions within the United Irish Movement, 1780-1797.” He later attended the Lynch School of Education at Boston College from 1999-2000, finishing with an M.A.T. in Secondary Curriculum and Instruction. After teaching history and social studies in several middle and high schools in the Boston area, he returned to graduate school in 2003 at the University of Chicago, where he studied with Walter Kaegi and Rachel Fulton. He completed his studies at Chicago in 2004, earning a M.A. in Social Sciences. After a year of study in Latin, French, and German at the University of Illinois at Chicago, he enrolled at Brown to work with Amy Remensnyder in the Department of History.
    [Show full text]
  • Xavier Mina Between Spain and America, 1789-1817
    Intellèctus Ano XIX, n. 1, 2020 ISSN: 1676-7640 A transitional man: Xavier Mina between Spain and America, 1789-1817 Karen Racine Professor, University of Guelph, Canada [email protected] Resumo: Francisco Xavier Mina foi a Abstract: Francisco Xavier Mina was the personificação física da natureza physical embodiment of the essentially essencialmente transitória da Era das transitional nature of the Age of Revolutions. Revoluções. Integrou uma nova geração de He was part of a new generation of leaders líderes que nasceram quando os antigos who had been born as the ancién régimes regimes estavam morrendo e que não tinham were dying and who had absolutely no absolutamente nenhum apego sentimental a sentimental attachment to monarchs, monarcas, tradições ou privilégios especiais. traditions, or special privileges. As a guerrilla Como líder de guerrilha na Espanha e no leader in both Spain and Mexico, he and his México, ele e seus homens derrubaram men toppled hidebound institutions and instituições ocultas e abriram o caminho para cleared the way for others to come after them que outros os seguissem e realizassem o and do the work of building new societies. As trabalho de construção de novas sociedades. a political thinker, Mina‟s ideas were a sort of Como pensador político, as ideias de Mina unschooled but enthusiastic liberalism based eram uma espécie de liberalismo não on the simple and self-evident truths that all escolarizado, mas entusiasmado, baseado nas people were equal before God and the law, verdades simples e evidente de que todas as and that everyone deserved a decent, dignified pessoas eram iguais perante Deus e a lei e que life.
    [Show full text]
  • Greatest Nations: Spain
    Conditions and Terms of Use Copyright © Heritage History 2010 Some rights reserved This text was produced and distributed by Heritage History, an organization dedicated to the preservation of classical juvenile history books, and to the promotion of the works of traditional history authors. The books which Heritage History republishes are in the public domain and are no longer protected by the original copyright. They may therefore be reproduced within the United States without paying a royalty to the author. The text and pictures used to produce this version of the work, however, are the property of Heritage History and are subject to certain restrictions. These restrictions are imposed for the purpose of protecting the integrity of the work, for preventing plagiarism, and for helping to assure that compromised versions of the work are not widely disseminated. FERDINAND AND ISABELLA RECEIVING THE KEYS OF GRANADA. In order to preserve information regarding the origin of this text, a copyright by the author, and a Heritage History distribution date are included at the foot of every page of text. We require all electronic and TABLE OF CONTENTS printed versions of this text include these markings and that users adhere to the following restrictions. BEGINNINGS OF SPAIN—THE GOTHIC KINGDOM............. 3 1. You may reproduce this text for personal or educational purposes as SPAIN UNDER THE MOORS ................................................. 9 long as the copyright and Heritage History version are included. RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS ............................... 16 2. You may not alter this text or try to pass off all or any part of it as your FERDINAND AND ISABELLA .............................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Queen of Queens & the Making of Spain, by Christopher Hare
    L^a^U^a^ Tf^^ p4^^ — — By thi Autin DANTE THE WAYFARER CHRISTOPHER HARE Author of "The Most Illustrious Ladies of the Italian Renaissance." I OS. 64 Profusely Illustrated. Demy 8vo, cloth extra, gilt tops. The author has followed, step by step, the poet's many wanderings and presents to the reader scenes and incidents which inspired some of Dante's finest descriptive passages. No better way to gain an insight into the ife and genius of Dante than under the guidance of Mr. Hare." —Daily Telegraph. " Illustrated copiously with most beautiful and romantic pictures of the fair land of Italy, through which the poet's tragic footsteps pressed." Liverpool Courier. THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS LADIES OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE CHRISTOPHER HARE I OS. 6d. Profusely Illustrated. Demy 8vo, cloth extra, gilt tops. •' Profound knowledge is here united to considerable literary gifts. These great ladies (Lucrezia and Clarice dei Medici, Lucrezia Borgia, Vittoria Colonna, Beatrice and Isabella d'Este, &c.) of past ages seem very real. The volume is handsomely bound, and there are in- teresting and beautiful illustrations, including por- traits by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Titian, and Sandro Botticelli." The Scotsman. A QUEEN OF QUEENS ^ THE MAKING OF SPAIN =„..Z.u^e^v cJ^/:k:t'C^/' o^ ^a^)-u/-^. A QUEEN OF QUEENS ^ THE MAKING OF SPAIN By CHRISTOPHER HARE author OF "DANTE THE WAYFARER," "THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS LADIES OF THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE," "FELICITA: A ROMANCE OF OLD SIENA," ETC. ^ ^ ^ ^ ILLUSTRATED LONDON AND NEW YORK HARPER & BROTHERS 45 ALBEMARLE STREET, W. 1906 CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE Introduction i I.
    [Show full text]
  • A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1
    A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. Carlton J. H. Hayes The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1., by Carlton J. H. Hayes Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the header without written permission. Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is important information about your specific rights and restrictions in how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. **Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** **eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** *****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!***** Title: A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1. Author: Carlton J. H. Hayes Release Date: September, 2004 [EBook #6417] [Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule] [This file was first posted on December 8, 2002] Edition: 10 Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF EUROPE V1 *** Produced by Anne Soulard, Charles Franks and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. A POLITICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE VOLUME I 1500-1815 BY CARLTON J.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Don Quijote: Ch. I, Cervantes and the Libros De
    Home: A Study of Don Quixote, by Daniel Eisenberg <http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/deisenbe/Cervantes/StudyOfDQ.htm> A part of: Index to works by Daniel Eisenberg <http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/deisenbe/index.htm> URL for this document: <http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/deisenbe/Study_of_DQ/ASODQ_Ch_1.pdf> Copyright © 1987 by Juan de la Cuesta–Hispanic Monographs I. Cervantes and the Libros de caballerías La caterva de los libros vanos de cavallerías . I, 38, 29-30 Lo primero que hizo fue ir a ver sus libros . I, 108, 10 N THE PROLOGUE TO Part I of Don Quixote, we are told that "si bien caigo en la cuenta, este vuestro libro . es una invectiva contra los libros de cavallerías" (I, 36, 31-37, 3), that Cervantes has "la mira puesta a derribar la máquina mal fundada destos cavallerescos libros" (I, 38, 4-5). Part I ends with a long discussion of the books of chivalry, spread over several chapters; Part II begins with a discussion of chivalric literature, and Cide Hamete tells us in the concluding sentence of the work that "no ha sido otro mi desseo que poner en aborrecimiento de los hombres las fingidas y disparatadas historias de los libros de cavallerías" (IV, 406, 8-11). The libros de caballerías, we learn in the first chapter, are the source of the protagonist's knowledge of knight-errantry (I, 53, 5-12), and the premise of the whole book is his desire to become a knight-errant, a perfect one at that (I, 351, 6-8). His identification with the books, so far as chivalry is concerned, is total.1 It is therefore appropriate for us to begin our study of Don Quixote by examining Cervantes' relationship with this genre.
    [Show full text]
  • SMOTJ Vol 1 Issue 2
    the Victor Balgonie Castle, Scotland http://www.grandprioryofthescots.org/ Newsletter April 2013 Vol. 1 Issue 2. The Supreme Military Order of the Temple of Jerusalem News from the Bailiwick By H.E. Dame Patricia Tennyson, Bell , GCTJ, GMTJ, Executive Officer – Grand Bailiwick The Privy Council is very pleased with all the charity The price remains the same except they are offering events that our members have initiated and/or participated chicken instead of beef. Wine will be available and will be in for those who are less fortunate and need such purchased as needed and paid for by each individual. help. This is our mission and we strive to continue with Stuart and Kelly are getting married on April 20th and I this goal in mind. will be attending the wedding. I will look into the caterer The Priory of St. Columba had an investiture in Spring- situation when I am in Markinch at that time. field on March 9th and the Grand Bailiff was in atten- There are five postulants scheduled to be invested on dance. It was a pleasure to renew old friendships August 5 and so far I have 28 reservations. and create new ones. The Bailiwick has received a new bolt The plans for the investiture in Scotland of our tartan. It has gone up in price on August 5th are coming along and is now selling at $63 a yard and this nicely. We will have the investiture at 6:00 includes postage. Please get in touch p.m. and the dinner at 7:30 pm.
    [Show full text]
  • Washington Irving Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada
    WASHINGTON IRVING CHRONICLE OF THE CONQUEST OF GRANADA 2008 – All rights reserved Non commercial use permitted CHRONICLE OF THE CONQUEST OF GRANADA by Washington Irving from the mss. of FRAY ANTONIO AGAPIDA Author's Revised Edition CONTENTS. I..........Of the Kingdom of Granada, and the Tribute which it Paid to the Castilian Crown. II.........Of the Embassy of Don Juan de Vera to Demand Arrears of Tribute from the Moorish Monarch. III........Domestic Feuds in the Alhambra--Rival Sultanas--Predictions concerning Boabdil, the Heir to the Throne--How Ferdinand Meditates War against Granada, and how he is Anticipated. IV.........Expedition of the Muley Abul Hassan against the Fortress of Zahara. V..........Expedition of the Marques of Cadiz against Alhama. VI.........How the People of Granada were Affected on Hearing of the Capture of the Alhama; and how the Moorish King sallied forth to Regain it. VII........How the Duke of Medina Sidonia and the Chivalry of Andalusia Hastened to the Relief of Alhama. VIII.......Sequel of the Events at Alhama. IX.........Events at Granada, and Rise of the Moorish King, Boabdil el Chico. X..........Royal Expedition against Loxa. XI.........How Muley Abul Hassan made a Foray into the Lands of Medina Sidonia, and how he was Received. XII........Foray of Spanish Cavaliers among the Mountains of Malaga. XIII.......Effects of the Disasters among the Mountains of Malaga. XIV........How King Boabdil el Chico Marched over the Border. XV.........How the Count de Cabra sallied forth from his Castle in Quest of King Boabdil. XVI........The Battle of Lucena. XVII.......Lamentations of the Moors for the Battle of Lucena.
    [Show full text]
  • William H Prescott History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic
    WILLIAM H PRESCOTT HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA, THE CATHOLIC VOLUME I 2008 – All rights reserved Non commercial use permitted HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA, THE CATHOLIC. BY WILLIAM H. PRESCOTT. IN THREE VOLUMES. VOL. I. TO THE HONORABLE WILLIAM PRESCOTT, LL.D., THE GUIDE OF MY YOUTH, MY BEST FRIEND IN RIPER YEARS, THESE VOLUMES, WITH THE WARMEST FEELINGS OF FILIAL AFFECTION, ARE RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. English writers have done more for the illustration of Spanish history, than for that of any other except their own. To say nothing of the recent general compendium, executed for the "Cabinet Cyclopaedia," a work of singular acuteness and information, we have particular narratives of the several reigns, in an unbroken series, from the emperor Charles the Fifth (the First of Spain) to Charles the Third, at the close of the last century, by authors whose names are a sufficient guaranty for the excellence of their productions. It is singular, that, with this attention to the modern history of the Peninsula, there should be no particular account of the period which may be considered as the proper basis of it,-- the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella. In this reign, the several States, into which the country had been broken up for ages, were brought under a common rule; the kingdom of Naples was conquered; America discovered and colonized; the ancient empire of the Spanish Arabs subverted; the dread tribunal of the Modern Inquisition established; the Jews, who contributed so sensibly to the wealth and civilization of the country, were banished; and, in fine, such changes were introduced into the interior administration of the monarchy, as have left a permanent impression on the character and condition of the nation.
    [Show full text]
  • View / Open Tribit Oregon 0171A 12022.Pdf
    MAKING KNIGHTHOOD: THE CONSTRUCTION OF MASCULINITY IN THE ORDENE DE CHEVALERIE, THE LIVRE DE CHEVALERIE DE GEOFFROI DE CHARNY AND THE ESPEJO DE VERDADERA NOBLEZA by ANTHONY PATRICK TRIBIT A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Romance Languages and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2017 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Anthony Patrick Tribit Title: Making Knighthood: The Construction of Masculinity in the Ordene de chevalerie, the Livre de chevalerie de Geoffroi de Charny and the Espejo de verdadera nobleza. This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Romance Languages by: David A. Wacks Chairperson Barbara K. Altmann Core Member F. Regina Psaki Core Member Stephanie Clark Institutional Representative and Sara D. Hodges Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded September 2017 ii © 2017Anthony Patrick Tribit iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Anthony Patrick Tribit Doctor of Philosophy Department of Romance Languages September 2017 Title: Making Knighthood: The Construction of Masculinity in the Ordene de chevalerie, the Livre de chevalerie de Geoffroi de Charny and the Espejo de verdadera nobleza This dissertation applies the concept of hegemonic masculinity.proposed by R.W Connell in her book Masculinities, to three works of medieval chivalric conduct literature. This dissertation asserts that the authors of the Ordene de chevalerie, the Livre de chevalerie of Geoffroi de Charny and the Espejo de verdadera nobleza create an image of knightly masculinity that demonstrates its superiority over other forms of medieval masculinity.
    [Show full text]