Malaria Journal
Ngatu et al. Malar J (2019) 18:53 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2679-0 Malaria Journal RESEARCH Open Access Environmental and sociodemographic factors associated with household malaria burden in the Congo Nlandu Roger Ngatu1* , Sakiko Kanbara2, Andre Renzaho3, Roger Wumba4, Etongola P. Mbelambela5, Sifa M. J. Muchanga6, Basilua Andre Muzembo1, Ngombe Leon‑Kabamba7, Choomplang Nattadech1, Tomoko Suzuki1, Numbi Oscar‑Luboya8, Koji Wada1, Mitsunori Ikeda2, Sayumi Nojima2, Tomohiko Sugishita9 and Shunya Ikeda1 Abstract Background: Malaria is one of the most severe public health issues that result in massive morbidity and mortality in most countries of the sub‑Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aimed to determine the scope of household, accessibility to malaria care and factors associated with household malaria in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods: This was a community‑based cross‑sectional study conducted in an urban and a rural sites in which 152 households participated, including 82 urban and 70 rural households (1029 members in total). The ‘malaria indicator questionnaire’ (MIQ) was anonymously answered by household heads (respondents), reporting on malaria status of household members in the last 12 months. Results: There were 67.8% of households using insecticide‑treated bed nets (ITN) only, 14.0% used indoor residual spraying (IRS) only, 7.3% used ordinary bed nets (without insecticide treatment), 1.4% used mosquito repelling cream, 2.2% combined ITN and IRS, whereas 7.3% of households did not employ any preventive measure; p < 0.01). In addi‑ tion, 96.7% of households were afected by malaria (at least one malaria case), and malaria frequency per household was relatively high (mean: 4.5 3.1 cases reported) in the last 12 months.
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