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Fao/Wfp Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission to South Sudan

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Fao/Wfp Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission to South Sudan World Food Programme S P E C I A L R E P O R T FAO/WFP CROP AND FOOD SECURITY ASSESSMENT MISSION TO SOUTH SUDAN 15 March 2019 Photographs: ©FAO/Md Islam. This report has been prepared by Alessandro Costantino and Wondimagegne Shiferaw (FAO) and Rogério Bonifácio (WFP) under the responsibility of the FAO and WFP Secretariats with information from official and other sources. Since conditions may change rapidly, please contact the undersigned for further information if required. Mario Zappacosta Erika Joergensen Senior Economist, EST/GIEWS Regional Director Trade and Markets Division, FAO East and Central Africa (RBN), WFP E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Please note that this Special Report is also available on the Internet as part of the FAO World Wide Web www.fao.org at the following URL address: http://www.fao.org/giews/ and http://www.wfp.org/food- security/reports/CFSAM The Special Reports can also be received automatically by e-mail as soon as they are published, by subscribing to the GIEWS/Alerts report ListServ. To do so, please send an e-mail to the FAO-Mail-Server at the following address: [email protected], leaving the subject blank, with the following message: subscribe GIEWSAlertsWorld-L To be deleted from the list, send the message: unsubscribe GIEWSAlertsWorld-L Please note that it is possible to subscribe to regional lists to only receive Special Reports by region: Africa (GIEWSAlertsAfrica-L), Asia (GIEWSAlertsAsia-L), Europe (GIEWSAlertsEurope-L) and Latin America (GIEWSAlertsLA-L). These lists can be subscribed to in the same way as the worldwide list. S P E C I A L R E P O R T FAO/WFP CROP AND FOOD SECURITY ASSESSMENT MISSION TO SOUTH SUDAN 15 March 2019 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME Rome, 2019 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-131325-1 (FAO) © FAO, 2019 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition. Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. 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Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. - 5 - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acronyms and abbreviations .....................................................................................................................6 Mission Highlights .......................................................................................................................................7 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT ....................................................................................................................9 Population and population movements .........................................................................................................9 Economy ..................................................................................................................................................... 11 Economic growth and national budget ........................................................................................... 11 Exchange rate ................................................................................................................................ 12 Inflation .......................................................................................................................................... 13 Agriculture .................................................................................................................................................. 14 CEREAL PRODUCTION IN 2018 .............................................................................................................. 16 Cereal harvested area and yield estimates ................................................................................................ 16 Factors affecting yields ............................................................................................................................... 22 Rainfall ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Inputs in the traditional smallholder sector .................................................................................... 26 Pests, diseases and weeds ........................................................................................................... 27 Agricultural production in 2018 ................................................................................................................... 28 Cereal production ........................................................................................................................... 28 Other crops .................................................................................................................................... 34 Livestock ........................................................................................................................................ 35 CEREAL SUPPLY/DEMAND SITUATION ................................................................................................ 36 Cereal balance ............................................................................................................................................ 36 Cereal and livestock markets ..................................................................................................................... 38 HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY SITUATION.......................................................................................... 42 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................... 42 Main drivers of food insecurity in 2019 ....................................................................................................... 42 Current and projected food security outcomes for 2019 ............................................................................ 43 Evolution of the food security situation ....................................................................................................... 44 Household staple food supply: Markets vs household production ............................................................. 46 Food expenditure: Recent patterns and at-harvest situation...................................................................... 48 Household coping strategies ...................................................................................................................... 49 Estimated food assistance requirements in 2019 ....................................................................................... 50 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR 2019 ...........................................................................................................
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