DOCSLIB.ORG

Andrew Kettler on Human Bondage and Abolition: New

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Andrew Kettler on Human Bondage and Abolition: New Elizabeth Swanson, James Brewer Stewart, eds.. Human Bondage and Abolition: New Histories of Past and Present Slaveries. Slaveries since Emancipation Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. 376 pp. $99.95, cloth, ISBN 978-1-107-18662-0. Reviewed by Andrew J. Kettler Published on H-Empire (January, 2019) Commissioned by Gemma Masson (University of Birmingham) Human Bondage and Abolition, a recent edi‐ forced to contend with mercurial terminology to tion in the Slaveries since Emancipation series walk a fne line between concluding that using from Cambridge University Press, considers history occludes modern abolitionist movements whether comparisons between past slavery and and contending that the use of history can assist current systems of slavery obscure or illuminate with modern abolitionism. To clarify this debate, the goals of anti-slavery in the contemporary the editors apply Joseph Miller’s broad gerund of world. The editors, Elizabeth Swanson and James “slaving” as a way to draw comparisons between Brewer Stewart, have collected essays that expose abolitionist movements against chattel slavery different aspects of this often troubling compari‐ and current goals against human trafficking. son. The work begins with an important preface David Richardson starts the frst section with from David Blight that uses the fgures of French a secondary introduction that counters the gener‐ historian Marc Bloch and Nigerian-born writer al assessment that there is little comparable be‐ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to discuss the impor‐ tween modern and chattel slavery. He examines tance of using forms of history for activist goals. diverse histories of slavery to show how past ac‐ The editors follow with a lengthy introduction to counts can educate activists to challenge illegal the three sections of their volume. Their synopsis forms of current slaving. Richardson exposes nu‐ presents current tactics of the anti-slavery move‐ merous case studies from the modern world, ment that hope to free the over forty-six million pointing to questions of the different historical contemporary slaves estimated by the Global Slav‐ scales of slavery, the diverse geographies of slav‐ ery Index of 2016. ery, and the excessive cruelty of human traffick‐ In their introduction, Swanson and Stewart ing. To continue the frst section, James Sidbury argue that modern slavery has nearly nothing in offers a historiographical foray into questions of common with the chattel slavery that dominated civic death. Exploring methods of control applied the Atlantic World. However, despite the lack of by slaveholders and modern traffickers alike, Sid‐ mutual practices, the manner in which past bury uses exploitation as a key term for discover‐ slaveries were defeated can often inform modern ing similarities between social death in chattel movements. Even with this open activist space, slavery and the regulation over bodies and minds the editors note that their authors are frequently within modern slaveries. Consequently, Sidbury H-Net Reviews presents an important discussion of the blurred explores the modern idea of shanghaiing, or mar‐ lines between slavery and freedom that existed itime kidnapping, for labor on the high seas. within chattel systems and in the modern world, Anne Ma Duane continues the second section even as many activists disengage the use of past on everyday practice with her comparison of slavery because of the memory of a falsely singu‐ childhood enslavement within American slavery, lar antebellum plantation paradigm. The follow‐ through a reading of Frederick Douglass, to mod‐ ing chapter from Allison Mileo Gorsuch engages ern issues of childhood slavery, sex trafficking, legal questions of anti-slavery in the nineteenth and citizenship. The terms of profitability offer century to conclude that modern movements Duane a way to clarify how child slavery existed must enforce existing laws. Gorsuch then probes within historical settings and continues to ex‐ the case of United States v. Kozminski (1988), the pand. Jessica Pliley follows with an analysis on Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, and the rhetoric of sex trafficking in the modern United States v. Kaufman (2008) to clarify legal world. Exposing a debate between anti-sex traf‐ terminology while concluding that anti-slavery ficking activists and their opponents, Pliley looks activists should avoid using comparisons to past at a history of engagements against white slavery slaveries in favor of developing precedent that in the West. Examining a common trajectory from more correctly defines present human trafficking exposure to reform, Pliley judges the modern anti- and labor exploitation. trafficking movement as still buying into much- Following the editors’ aspiration to look into too-vague language that frequently limits female the everyday practices of past and present slaver‐ agency. ies, John Donoghue begins the second section by The fnal section looks at how history is exploring the forms of kidnapping that took la‐ rhetorically applied within modern anti-slavery borers into the Atlantic World while showing how movements. Dave Blair compares the British cam‐ those patterns are similar to modern slaving. paigns against foreign slave traders in the nine‐ Specifically highlighting the importance of traf‐ teenth century to modern transnational efforts to ficking networks, Donoghue locates the kidnap‐ limit illegal trading throughout the developing pers, or spirits, who took countless bodies from world. Exploring individual efforts within the European ports into the Atlantic World, portray‐ West Africa Squadron, Blair highlights the impor‐ ing that labor acquisition was never fully legal. tance of human agency to lead efforts to combat This chapter highlights the organized crime syndi‐ modern cyberspace trading of slaves as compared cates that spirited away laborers in the past to the webbed networks of the Atlantic World. through comparisons to the spiriting away of con‐ The penultimate chapter, from the editors, ex‐ tract laborers into the horrific bondages of the plores a discussion of human rights within aboli‐ modern world, often created by corporate out‐ tionist rhetoric, whereby the authors offer a com‐ sourcing of labor procurement to subsidiaries like parison between the language used by antebellum the engineering frm Kellog, Brown and Root. Con‐ slaveholders to evade moral questions and the tinuing analysis of practice, Kerry Ward looks at use of justifications of free trade and paternalism the specific roles of maritime traders within both used by modern proponents of sex trafficking. The past and present slaveries. Using the Trafficking final chapter, from Stewart and Monti Narayan in Persons Report (2012), Ward reads case studies Darta, offers a reading of the events of Charlottes‐ regarding the shipping of slaves in the modern ville in the summer of 2017 through exploring the world alongside the trafficking of slaves like importance of deconstructing neo-Confederate Solomon Northrup during the antebellum era. Like the spiriting that Donoghue discusses, Ward 2 H-Net Reviews memory as a means to decompose global slaver‐ ies. The collection presents both supporters and detractors of the idea that current anti-slavery discussions can be informed by historical aboli‐ tionist movements. Generally, the volume lacks at‐ tention to nationalism within either historical or contemporary settings. This wanting investigation may prove detrimental to the lasting power of the activist edition, especially as the burdens of grow‐ ing populism and ethnic nationalism may impede the many attempts to grow transnational efforts against slaving in the modern world. Despite that open analytical space, the book is an important contribution to historical activist literature on dis‐ cussions of slaving in the modern world and should be read by both current activists and scholars of historical slavery. If there is additional discussion of this review, you may access it through the network, at https://networks.h-net.org/h-empire Citation: Andrew J. Kettler. Review of Swanson, Elizabeth; Stewart, James Brewer, eds. Human Bondage and Abolition: New Histories of Past and Present Slaveries. H-Empire, H-Net Reviews. January, 2019. URL: https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=53145 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. 3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nigeria: a New History of a Turbulent Century
    More praise for Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century ‘This book is a major achievement and I defy anyone who reads it not to learn from it and gain greater understanding of the nature and development of a major African nation.’ Lalage Bown, professor emeritus, Glasgow University ‘Richard Bourne’s meticulously researched book is a major addition to Nigerian history.’ Guy Arnold, author of Africa: A Modern History ‘This is a charming read that will educate the general reader, while allowing specialists additional insights to build upon. It deserves an audience far beyond the confines of Nigerian studies.’ Toyin Falola, African Studies Association and the University of Texas at Austin About the author Richard Bourne is senior research fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London and a trustee of the Ramphal Institute, London. He is a former journalist, active in Common wealth affairs since 1982 when he became deputy director of the Commonwealth Institute, Kensington, and was the first director of the non-governmental Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative. He has written and edited eleven books and numerous reports. As a journalist he was education correspondent of The Guardian, assistant editor of New Society, and deputy editor of the London Evening Standard. Also by Richard Bourne and available from Zed Books: Catastrophe: What Went Wrong in Zimbabwe? Lula of Brazil Nigeria A New History of a Turbulent Century Richard Bourne Zed Books LONDON Nigeria: A New History of a Turbulent Century was first published in 2015 by Zed Books Ltd, The Foundry, 17 Oval Way, London SE11 5RR, UK www.zedbooks.co.uk Copyright © Richard Bourne 2015 The right of Richard Bourne to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 Typeset by seagulls.net Index: Terry Barringer Cover design: www.burgessandbeech.co.uk All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • A General Model of Illicit Market Suppression A
    ALL THE SHIPS THAT NEVER SAILED: A GENERAL MODEL OF ILLICIT MARKET SUPPRESSION A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government. By David Joseph Blair, M.P.P. Washington, DC September 15, 2014 Copyright 2014 by David Joseph Blair. All Rights Reserved. The views expressed in this dissertation do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. ii ALL THE SHIPS THAT NEVER SAILED: A GENERAL MODEL OF TRANSNATIONAL ILLICIT MARKET SUPPRESSION David Joseph Blair, M.P.P. Thesis Advisor: Daniel L. Byman, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This model predicts progress in transnational illicit market suppression campaigns by comparing the relative efficiency and support of the suppression regime vis-à-vis the targeted illicit market. Focusing on competitive adaptive processes, this ‘Boxer’ model theorizes that these campaigns proceed cyclically, with the illicit market expressing itself through a clandestine business model, and the suppression regime attempting to identify and disrupt this model. Success in disruption causes the illicit network to ‘reboot’ and repeat the cycle. If the suppression network is quick enough to continually impose these ‘rebooting’ costs on the illicit network, and robust enough to endure long enough to reshape the path dependencies that underwrite the illicit market, it will prevail. Two scripts put this model into practice. The organizational script uses two variables, efficiency and support, to predict organizational evolution in response to competitive pressures.
    [Show full text]
  • 330183 1 En Bookfrontmatter 1..15
    Kidnapping and Violence Stephen Morewitz Kidnapping and Violence New Research and Clinical Perspectives 123 Stephen Morewitz California State University, East Bay San Francisco, CA, USA ISBN 978-1-4939-2116-4 ISBN 978-1-4939-2117-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2117-1 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Stalin's Apologist; Great Fire Of
    The Robert F. Cairo Book Collection Lot # #Bks Book Titles &/or Topics of Books on Shelf Author(s) in order of lot listing Loc. 1 14 Mask of Treachery; The Hollow Men; Who Tell the People; Breaking from Costello; Sykes; Greider; Shainback; the KGB; Stalin's Apologist; Great Fire of London; No More Heroes; The Taylor; Hanson; Gabriel; Kennon; Dailey & DR Twilight of Democracy; Soviet Strategic Deception; The Kinder, Gentlier Parker; Gutman; Sterling Military; The Terror Network 2 10 Wartime Washington; Southern Bivouac, vol 1-6 (1992), Diary of Edmund Ruffin, Laas vol 1-3 (1990) DR 3 30 Official Records of the Union & Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion, DR Series I: Vol. 1-27; Series II: Vol 1-3. (1987 reprint). (3 shelves) 4 127 Official Records of the Union & Confederate Armies in the War of the Rebellion, Series I: vol 1-53 (1985 reprint); Series II: vol 1-8; Series III: Vol 1-5; Series IV: vol DR 1-3 plus Index. Vol Series #112 & 113 are missing (7 shelves) 5 15 Military & political subjects DR 6 15 Prescott's (1869 Ed): Conquest of Peru, vol 1-2; Biographical & Critical Miscellaneous; Conquest of Mexico vol 1-3; Ferdinand & Isabella vol 1-3; Phillip DR the Second vol 1-3; Robetson's Charles the Fifth vol 1-3 7 20 The Grand Failure; Profile of Deception; Dringk; Stolen Valor; The Leopard's Spots; An Enormous Crime; Great Houses of San Francisco; History of Food; God DR Men & Wine 8 30 Various subjects: History, Woodworking, American flag, warfare, flim & DR folklore.
    [Show full text]
  • Perfidious Albion: Britain, the USA, and Slavery in Ther 1840S and 1860S Marika Sherwood University of London
    Contributions in Black Studies A Journal of African and Afro-American Studies Volume 13 Special Double Issue "Islam & the African American Connection: Article 6 Perspectives New & Old" 1995 Perfidious Albion: Britain, the USA, and Slavery in ther 1840s and 1860s Marika Sherwood University of London Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cibs Recommended Citation Sherwood, Marika (1995) "Perfidious Albion: Britain, the USA, and Slavery in ther 1840s and 1860s," Contributions in Black Studies: Vol. 13 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cibs/vol13/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Afro-American Studies at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Contributions in Black Studies by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sherwood: Perfidious Albion Marika Sherwood PERFIDIOUS ALBION: BRITAIN, THE USA, AND SLAVERY IN THE 1840s AND 1860s RITAI N OUTLAWED tradingin slavesin 1807;subsequentlegislation tight­ ened up the law, and the Royal Navy's cruisers on the West Coast B attempted to prevent the export ofany more enslaved Africans.' From 1808 through the 1860s, Britain also exerted considerable pressure (accompa­ nied by equally considerable sums of money) on the U.S.A., Brazil, and European countries in the trade to cease their slaving. Subsequently, at the outbreak ofthe American Civil War in 1861, which was at least partly fought over the issue ofthe extension ofslavery, Britain declared her neutrality. Insofar as appearances were concerned, the British government both engaged in a vigorous suppression of the Atlantic slave trade and kept a distance from Confederate rebels during the American Civil War.
    [Show full text]
  • Untitled [Bradley Cesario on Shanghaiing Sailors: A
    Mark Strecker. Shanghaiing Sailors: A Maritime History of Forced Labor, 1849/1915. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, 2014. 260 pp. $39.95, paper, ISBN 978-0-7864-9451-4. Reviewed by Bradley Cesario Published on H-War (August, 2017) Commissioned by Margaret Sankey (Air University) “Shanghaiing” conjures up tales of the sea--of the legal history of the court cases that ended the forced voyages, secret liaisons, and oceanic cross‐ practice in the United States in 1915. ings. While fully understanding and drawing Unfortunately, it must be said that there are upon the romantic side of these tales, Mark two major issues with Strecker’s work. The frst is Strecker sets out to undertake a more scholarly a question of definition. The author notes early in examination of the phenomenon. His work the frst chapter that shanghaiing specifically Shanghaiing Sailors: A Maritime History of refers to “the kidnapping and forcing of a man to Forced Labor, 1849-1915 “presents not only a com‐ serve on board a merchant ship” (p. 3). However, prehensive history of shanghaiing, which peaked many of the examples and anecdotes used relate roughly between 1850 and 1915 … but also exam‐ to entirely separate maritime activities--impress‐ ines the nineteenth-century seafarer’s world and ment/the press gang, privateering, and piracy. All the circumstances that created the perfect storm three of these are covered as activities distinct of events which made shanghaiing a lucrative from shanghaiing, with the result that the reason business” (p. 1). for their inclusion in the volume is somewhat un‐ To accomplish this, Strecker divides his work clear.
    [Show full text]
  • Navies and Soft Power Historical Case Studies of Naval Power and the Nonuse of Military Force NEWPORT PAPERS
    NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT PAPERS 42 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WAR NAVAL Navies and Soft Power Historical Case Studies of Naval Power and the Nonuse of Military Force NEWPORT PAPERS NEWPORT 42 Bruce A. Elleman and S. C. M. Paine, Editors U.S. GOVERNMENT Cover OFFICIAL EDITION NOTICE The April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil-rig fire—fighting the blaze and searching for survivors. U.S. Coast Guard photograph, available at “USGS Multimedia Gallery,” USGS: Science for a Changing World, gallery.usgs.gov/. Use of ISBN Prefix This is the Official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its au thenticity. ISBN 978-1-935352-33-4 (e-book ISBN 978-1-935352-34-1) is for this U.S. Government Printing Office Official Edition only. The Superinten- dent of Documents of the U.S. Government Printing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled as a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. Legal Status and Use of Seals and Logos The logo of the U.S. Naval War College (NWC), Newport, Rhode Island, authenticates Navies and Soft Power: Historical Case Studies of Naval Power and the Nonuse of Military Force, edited by Bruce A. Elleman and S. C. M. Paine, as an official publica tion of the College. It is prohibited to use NWC’s logo on any republication of this book without the express, written permission of the Editor, Naval War College Press, or the editor’s designee. For Sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 Fax: (202) 512-2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402-00001 ISBN 978-1-935352-33-4; e-book ISBN 978-1-935352-34-1 Navies and Soft Power Historical Case Studies of Naval Power and the Nonuse of Military Force Bruce A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genevie Who Sel]Ls Herself A
    N.Dffi IHJCCANI )fi£CATttAKpan noR&u « 'Cav V ( V Av ^ GREAT er and commandM+a great criminal was Henry MnrKan. He lifted ,j piracy to a height it never reached PjBZ' before or since, and f IB he became such a Jl power that an lish king madeEngohim W a knight. But 90k knighthood «l'd not * &> vtv^1^^ satisfy his He dreamed and he plannedambition.to make himself emperor of the West JBvj BUWmtI to levy toll upon all the commerceIndies, of the gulf and to break the power of 8paln in the western world. If Morgan had any virtue other than courage there is no record of it. Not one >?BB9HHMKliLi«y/''^D^^^^ deed Is credited kindly act. not one good was a joy and all a man had to do when other hand, there are he ry and infantry alike. The pirates to him. On the needed money was to got to sea and > atrocities, more rob a IP ^» i_^to|J&r up this advantage, but it was onlyfollowed charged against him more ship. after three hours' fighting that the horrors. more terrible crimes against retired defeated, leaving WO Spaniardsdead and defenseless men than .% . and wounded on the field. The women against When reached Jamaica loss pirate other man In history*. The Henry Morgan uILtjVVmi afi&b 1 was heavy. perhaps any the business had to such heard a body of i Panama at that time had were of his stripe and kind. piracy developed had perished Morgan to Ha|A 2.000 flna men he led an sea tu en route from 8anta J ago seven monasteries, two vicious, savage and extent that it spread out from the troops short and MMnSR residences.
    [Show full text]
  • RICE UNIVERSITY Maritime Networks: the Oceanic Imaginary in The
    RICE UNIVERSITY Maritime Networks: The Oceanic Imaginary in the British Long Nineteenth Century by Mark Celeste A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE Doctor of Philosophy APPROVED, THESIS COMMITTEE Helena Michie, Chair Agnes C. Arnold Professor in Humanities, Professor of English Betty Joseph Associate Professor of English Leo Costello Associate Professor of Art History HOUSTON, TEXAS April 2019 Copyright Mark Celeste 2019 ABSTRACT Maritime Networks: The Oceanic Imaginary in the British Long Nineteenth Century by Mark Celeste This project argues that maritime history and culture shape both the form and the content of the nineteenth-century British novel. Each chapter takes up a different historical genre of maritime writing—the shipwreck tale, the steamship story, the logbook, the sea chantey, and the ship surgeon’s manual—as a heuristic for oceanic reading. In recovering these maritime contexts, I track what I call the “oceanic imaginary”: not only how novels literally represent life on and around the ocean, but also how novels draw upon oceanic circulations and exchanges to imagine and craft complex literary systems. Specifically, I chart how novels incorporate historically specific maritime styles, allusions, and structures and how those texts, in so doing, register the flows and frictions of a radically networked world—a world connected and divided, more often than not, by water. As I show, we can read any novel as maritime fiction— regardless of whether the action takes place on land or at sea—if that novel registers the influence of maritime history upon its textual world. My project merges the historicist concerns of oceanic studies with the renewed critical attention to form.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Banjul, the Gambia, 1816 -1965
    HEART OF BANJUL: THE HISTORY OF BANJUL, THE GAMBIA, 1816 -1965 By Matthew James Park A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of History- Doctor of Philosophy 2016 ABSTRACT HEART OF BANJUL: THE HISTORY OF BANJUL, THE GAMBIA, 1816-1965 By Matthew James Park This dissertation is a history of Banjul (formerly Bathurst), the capital city of The Gambia during the period of colonial rule. It is the first dissertation-length history of the city. “Heart of Banjul” engages with the history of Banjul (formerly Bathurst); the capital city of The Gambia. Based on a close reading of archival and primary sources, including government reports and correspondences, missionary letters, journals, and published accounts, travelers accounts, and autobiographical materials, the dissertation attempts to reconstruct the city and understand how various parts of the city came together out of necessity (though never harmoniously). In the spaces where different kinds of people, shifting power structures, and nonhuman actors came together something which could be called a city emerged. Chapter 1, “Intestines of the State,” covers most of the 19 th century and traces how the proto-colonial state and its interlocutors gradually erected administration over The Gambia. Rather than a teleology of colonial takeover, the chapter presents the creation of the colonial state as a series of stops and starts experienced as conflicts between the Bathurst administration and a number of challengers to its sovereignty including Gambian warrior kings, marabouts, criminals, French authorities, the British administration in Sierra Leone, missionaries, merchants, and disease. Chapter 2, “The Circulatory System,” engages with conflicts between the state, merchants, Gambian kings, and urban dwellers.
    [Show full text]
  • FINAL FINAL CHECK.Pdf
    Liberated Africans in the Atlantic World: The Courts of Mixed Commission in Havana and Rio de Janeiro 1819-1871 Jennifer Louise Nelson Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Languages, Cultures and Societies June 2015 - ii - The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Jennifer Louise Nelson to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © 2015 The University of Leeds Jennifer Louise Nelson - iii - Acknowledgements I am incredibly grateful to my supervisors, Manuel Barcia and Stephanie Dennison for their guidance, revisions of my work and their encouragement. For financial support I was helped enormously by a bursary from the School of Languages, Cultures and Societies at the University of Leeds. I am also grateful to the University of Leeds and the Society of Latin American Studies for their contributions towards travel and conferences. I owe special thanks to several people in Rio de Janeiro and Havana where I carried out research. In particular Belkis Quesada Guerra of the Instituto Histórico de Cuba for her help with my visa arrangements, as well as to René Gonzalez and his family for being wonderful hosts and for helping with the same.
    [Show full text]
  • The Port of Bristol in the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century
    The port of Bristol in the second half of the eighteenth century: An examination of the organisational structure of the port pertaining to the management and operation of its shipping with special reference to ships trading with the West Indies and America. Volume 1 of 2. Submitted by John Gilbert MacMillan to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in August 2015. This thesis is available for library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other university. Signature………………………………… 1 Abstract. In comparison to the amount of research that has been carried out on Royal Navy affairs and its ports and dockyards, few studies have been done on the day to day operations of merchant shipping and civilian ports, especially in the eighteenth century. This thesis attempts to partly redress this by examining at depth the workings of the Port of Bristol and its shipping in this period, using contemporary records where they have survived and a system of cross-referencing where they have not. The physical structure and amenities of the port were subject to close examination, not only to establish whether they were suitable for their purpose, but to observe the effectiveness of the systems that were in place regarding their use.
    [Show full text]