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PAULINE CHRISTIANITY: Luke-Acts and the Legacy of Paul PAULINE CHRISTIANITY: Luke-Acts and the Legacy of Paul CHRISTOPHER MOUNT BRILL NTS.Mount.vw104e 07-11-2001 13:58 Pagina 1 PAULINE CHRISTIANITY NTS.Mount.vw104e 07-11-2001 13:58 Pagina 2 SUPPLEMENTS TO NOVUM TESTAMENTUM EDITORIAL BOARD C.K. BARRETT, Durham - P. BORGEN, Trondheim J.K. ELLIOTT, Leeds - H. J. DE JONGE, Leiden A. J. MALHERBE, New Haven M. J. J. MENKEN, Utrecht - J. SMIT SIBINGA, Amsterdam Executive Editors M.M. MITCHELL, Chicago & D.P. MOESSNER, Dubuque VOLUME CIV NTS.Mount.vw104e 07-11-2001 13:58 Pagina 3 PAULINE CHRISTIANITY Luke-Acts and the Legacy of Paul BY CHRISTOPHER MOUNT BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2002 NTS.Mount.vw104e 07-11-2001 13:58 Pagina 4 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Die Deutsche Bibliothek – CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Mount, Christopher Luke-acts and the legacy of Paul Boston ; Köln : Brill, 2002 (Supplements to Novum testamentum ; Vol. 104) ISBN 90–04–12472–1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is also available ISSN 0167-9732 ISBN 90 04 12472 1 © Copyright 2002 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands Typographica Academica Traiectina. Mount. Proef 3, 6-11-2001:917, page -5. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................... vii Abbreviations ......................................................... ix I. The Acts of the Apostles and Pauline Christianity ............. II. TheActsoftheApostlesinEarlyChristianity ................. Irenaeus ........................................................ Traditions of Authorship and Titles .............................. Acts and the Apocryphal Acts in the Second Century .............. III. Lk-Acts, Its Audience, and the History of Christianity ......... ThePrefacesofLk-Acts......................................... Paul’s Farewell Speech and the Literary Paulinism of Lk-Acts ..... Jesus’ apocalyptic discourse and the coming of the kingdom .... Jesus’ farewell and the coming of the kingdom ................ Paul’s farewell and the coming of the kingdom ................ IV. The Paul of Acts and Pauline Communities in Early Christianity....................................................... Ephesus ........................................................ Paul’s Farewell ................................................. Corinth ........................................................ Thessalonica and Beroea ........................................ Philippi ........................................................ Paul’s Mission with Barnabas .................................. Rome .......................................................... V. Lk-Acts and the Construction of Christian Origins in the Second Century .................................................. Bibliography .......................................................... IndexofAncientLiterature .......................................... This page intentionally left blank Typographica Academica Traiectina. Mount. Proef 3, 6-11-2001:917, page -7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This volume is a revised version of my dissertation accepted by the University of Chicago. I am grateful to the Editorial Board of Supple- ments to Novum Testamentum for accepting this study for publication. Any work such as this takes place in a web of social relationships that shape the thinking of the author. I owe special thanks to my teachers, Hans Dieter Betz, Adela Yarbro Collins, and Arthur Droge. Their perceptive criticisms, careful scholarship, and support made this volume possible. I also wish to extend thanks to D. Dale Walker and Matt Jackson- McCabe, colleagues with whom I have engaged in many a profitable conversation about Christian origins. The University of Iowa School of Religion generously supplied the resources for Travis Voth to help proofread the manuscript and compile the index. I am grateful for his assistance. This page intentionally left blank Typographica Academica Traiectina. Mount. Proef 3, 6-11-2001:917, page -9. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AB Anchor Bible ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary ANRW Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt BBET Beiträge zur biblischen Exegese und Theologie BDAG W. Bauer, F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt, and F. W. Gingrich, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, rd edition BETL Bibliotheca Ephemeridum theologicarum Lovaniensium BHT Beiträge zur historischen Theologie BWANT Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly—Monograph Series EKKNT Evangelisch-katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament ErFor Erträge der Forschung FRLANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments GNT Grundrisse zum Neuen Testament GTA Göttinger theologische Arbeiten HTKNT Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament HUT Hermeneutische Untersuchungen zur Theologie JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament—Monograph Series LCL Loeb Classical Library LSJ Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon PWSup Supplement to Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswisssenschaft SANT Studien zum Alten und Neuen Testament SBL Society of Biblical Literature SBLDS SBL Dissertation Series SBLMS SBL Monograph Series SBLSBS SBL Sources for Biblical Study SBT Studies in Biblical Theology Typographica Academica Traiectina. Mount. Proef 3, 6-11-2001:917, page -10. SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series TDNT G. Kittel and G. Friedrich, eds., Theological Dictionary of the New Testament WUNT Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Concerning references to the four canonical gospels In general, the abbreviations Mt, Mk, Lk, and Jn are used when refer- ring to the texts that have come to be included as gospels in the New Testament canon. Matthew, Mark, Luke and John are used when refer- ring to a specific theory of authorship associated with these texts. The major exception to this practice is in the title of this monograph, in which Luke-Acts is used instead of Lk-Acts, in deference to the stan- dard practice of referring to this text. Also, ‘Gospel’ is capitalized when it refers to the Christian story about Jesus as it came to be understood by ecclesiastical writers after the first century, particularly in relation to texts about Jesus associated with the apostles; otherwise, ‘gospel’ is not capitalized. Concerning references to secondary literature All references are given in the form author (last name only, in most cases), title (sometimes shortened), page numbers. The full bibliograph- ical information can be found in the bibliography at the end. Typographica Academica Traiectina. Mount. Proef 3, 6-11-2001:917, page 1. THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES AND PAULINE CHRISTIANITY In F. C. Baur outlined the Tendenz of the Acts of the Apostles in relation to his understanding of the influence of Paul’s legacy on the development of early Christianity.1 [The sacrifice of historical truth to bias in the portrayal of Paul in the Acts of the Apostles] took place at a time when, in consequence of all those efforts of his Judaeo-Christian opponents, of which his own Epistles show us the by no means trivial beginnings,2 Paulinism [German: Paulinismus]was so far overcome that it could only maintain itself in the way of concession, by modifying the hardness and directness of its opposition to the law and Judaism; when it was reduced to come to an understanding with the pow- erful Jewish-Christian party by which it was opposed, so as to harmonise conflicting views and interests, and form a unity on a new basis.3 In his reconstruction of the place of the Acts of the Apostles in early Christianity, Baur correlated the Acts of the Apostles with the Pauline letters in terms of the category of ‘Paulinism.’ For Baur, this ‘Paulinism’ stood in opposition to Jewish Christianity and was the historical mani- festation of the decisive role played by Paul in the origin of Christianity. 1 On Tendenz-criticism in relation to the Acts of the Apostles, see Haenchen, The Acts of the Apostles,pp.–; for Baur’s general place in the history of scholarship, see Kümmel, The New Testament: The History of the Investigation of Its Problems,pp.–; Baird, History of New Testament Research. Volume One: From Deism to Tübingen,pp.–. On Baur’s place in the history of scholarship on Acts, see Gasque, A History of the Interpretation of the Acts of the Apostles,pp.–. 2 See Baur, Paul, the Apostle of Jesus Christ. His life and work, his epistles, and his doctrine. A contribution to a critical history of primitive Christianity (translated from the second German edition; translation revised by A. Menzies), vol. , p. v, with reference to his article ‘Die Christuspartei in der korinthischen Gemeinde, der Gegensatz des petrinischen und paulinischen Christentums in der ältesten Kirche, der Apostel Petrus in Rom.’ On the importance of Baur’s formulations of party conflict in this article, see Kümmel, The New Testament: The History of the Investigation of Its Problems,pp.–. 3 Baur, Paul, the Apostle
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