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Rebuilding Lebanon by Amine Gemayel
U.N. Security Council Resolution 338 October 22, 1973 Rebuilding Lebanon by Amine Gemayel Preface The publication at this time of a work advocating the reform of Lebanon's political system and economy may seem paradoxical: Lebanon is still occupied by foreign troops and its sovereignty is in doubt. But such a work is urgently needed to turn the thought of the international community toward Lebanon's reconstruc‐ tion and to give clear direction to the hopes of its citizens, especially its youth. Soon after the inception of the Lebanese war in 1975, I began to think about plans for the reconstruction of my country: its identity, its institutions, and its economy. When the war was at its height in 1978, 1 created the House of the Future, a documentation and research center aimed at building a peaceful future based on dialogue. After being elected President of the Republic in 1982, I set to work to create a new country, mak‐ ing renewal and peace my top priorities. At my request the Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR), a governmental organism created in 1976, undertook research and then worked out plans to finance and set in motion the country's reconstruction. The Lebanese people were eager to participate in the re‐ form, and it received wide‐spread international support. I also undertook a series of initiatives in the politi‐ cal, diplomatic, and economic spheres, in order to guarantee Lebanon's influence in the region as well as revitalize its production and service activities. At the same lime I refused to give in to the regional powers that wanted to reduce Lebanon's sovereignty. -
The Druze: Culture, History and Mission
The Druze A New Cultural and Historical Appreciation Abbas Halabi 2013 www.garnetpublishing.co.uk 1 The Druze Published by Garnet Publishing Limited 8 Southern Court South Street Reading RG1 4QS UK www.garnetpublishing.co.uk www.twitter.com/Garnetpub www.facebook.com/Garnetpub blog.garnetpublishing.co.uk Copyright © Abbas Halabi, 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review. First Edition 2013 ISBN: 9781859643532 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Jacket design by Garnet Publishing Typeset by Samantha Barden Printed and bound in Lebanon by International Press: [email protected] 2 To Karl-Abbas, my first grandson And the future generation of my family 3 Preface Foreword Introduction Chapter 1 Human geography Chapter 2 The history of the Druze, 1017–1943 Chapter 3 Communal and social organization Chapter 4 Traditional culture and the meaning of al-Adhā feast Chapter 5 Civil status law Chapter 6 The diaspora and cultural expansion Chapter 7 The political role of the Druze from independence to the present time Chapter 8 The Druze message: plurality and unity Summary and conclusion Appendix 1 The impact of European influences on the Druze community: “The new look” Appendix 2 Sheikh Halīm Taqī al-Dīn: a man of knowledge, -
Les Rôles Du Vétérinaire Militaire De L'armée Du Levant Dans Les Théâtres Des Opérations Extérieures De 1935 a 1942
Année 2019 LES RÔLES DU VÉTÉRINAIRE MILITAIRE DE L'ARMÉE DU LEVANT DANS LES THÉÂTRES DES OPÉRATIONS EXTÉRIEURES DE 1935 A 1942 THÈSE pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR VÉTÉRINAIRE, présentée et soutenue publiquement devant LA FACULTÉ DE MÉDECINE DE CRÉTEIL le…………… par Auriane Marine Madeleine Josseline SCHMITT Née le 24 septembre 1994 à Saint-Cyr-l’Ecole (Yvelines) DIRECTEUR DE THESE : Pr Henry CHATEAU, Président Pr Professeur à la Faculté de Médecine de CRÉTEIL 1er Assesseur Pr Henry CHATEAU Professeur à l’EnvA 2nd Assesseur Dr Lélia BERTONI Maître de Conférences à l’EnvA INVITÉS : Mme Sandrine HAON, Conservateur de la Bibliothèque de l’ENVA Dr Christophe DEGUEURCE, Directeur de l’ENVA Remerciements Au Président du jury Qui me fait l’honneur de présider mon jury de thèse, Respectueux hommage. A Monsieur le Professeur Henry Chateau, Qui m’a fait l’honneur d’accepter la direction de cette thèse atypique Pour votre collaboration à l’établissement de ce projet, Sincères remerciements. A Madame le Docteur Lélia Bertoni, Pour avoir accepté d’être mon assesseur, Ma profonde reconnaissance. A Madame Sandrine Haon, Pour tous vos conseils précieux tant sur le fond que sur la forme, toutes vos relectures attentives, tout le temps que vous avez accordé à ce travail, Ma très profonde gratitude. A Monsieur le Professeur Christophe Degueurce, Qui m’a fait l’honneur de me proposer ce sujet Pour votre passion de l’histoire des vétérinaires, Hommage reconnaissant. A Madame Jacqueline Mongellaz, Madame Estelle Geraud et Madame Nathalie Halgand, Sans qui cette thèse n’aurait jamais vu le jour et sans qui le Fonds Mourot n’existerait pas. -
Truthful, Factual and Unbiased [email protected] Eye on The
Eye on the News [email protected] Truthful, Factual and Unbiased Vol:XI Issue No:128 Price: Afs.20 www.afghanistantimes.af www.facebook.com/ afghanistantimeswww.twitter.com/ afghanistantimes TUESDAY . DECEMBER 05. 2017 -Qaws 14, 1396 HS running by caretakers as well as the members of the high Supreme Court to the Wolesi Jirga to get vote of confidence General Tariq Shah Bahrami received vote of confidence as Defense Minister, Wais Ahamad Barmak as Interior Minister, Mustafa Mastoor as Economic Minister, Gul Agha Sherzoi as Border and Tribal Affairs, Nasir Ahamd Dorani as Agriculture Minister, Mujib-U- Rahman Karimi as Rural Rehabilitation and Development Minister, Shahzad Gul Aryobi as AT Monitoring Desk participation in the upcoming Telecommunication Minister, meetings. Mohammad Hamid Tahmasi as KABUL: China’s Special This comes as on Sunday the Transport Minister, Najibullah Representative for Afghanistan and Ministry of Finance (MoF) said Khwaja Omari as Higher Education Pakistan Deng Xijun has invited that the third meeting of the Minister, Faizullah Zaki as Labor President Ashraf Ghani to next Afghan-China Joint Economic and and Social Affairs Minister and year’s summit of the Shanghai Trade Commission will be held, Yama Yari as Public work minister. Cooperation Organization (SCO). where they will discuss Only one female candidate for The envoy briefed Ghani on strengthening economic and trade Minister of Mine and Petroleum the China-Afghanistan-Pakistan ties between the two nations. Narges Nehan failed to receive vote meeting aimed at regional economic From Afghanistan, finance minister of confidence. Lawmaker Qazi cooperation and stability, a Iklil Hakimi and a delegation will Nazir Ahamad Hanifi while statement from the Presidential attend the meeting. -
Northumbria Research Link Northumbria Research Link
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Northumbria Research Link Northumbria Research Link Citation: Hill, Peter (2020) How Global Was the Age of Revolutions? The Case of Mount Lebanon, 1821. Journal of Global History. ISSN 1740-0228 (In Press) Published by: Cambridge University Press URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of... <https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global-history> This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/42680/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/pol i cies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher’s website (a subscription may be required.) How Global was the Age of Revolutions? The Case of Mount Lebanon, 18211 [Note: This is an Author Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication, in February 2020, in the Journal of Global History: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global- history. -
Threshold for Regional Stabilitydownload
Lebanon: Threshold for Regional Stability Amine Gemayel President of the Republic of Lebanon, 1982-1988 Remarks Delivered at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Washington, D.C. 8 February 2007 1 Contents Introduction The Centrality of Lebanon Lebanon as a Threshold The Threshold Option and the Need for Internal Dialogue The Threshold Option and the Need for Regional Diplomacy Conclusion Introduction It is an honor to participate in this Director’s Forum at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. This Center is a great venue for respectful dialogue and reasoned debate and is recognized as such throughout the world. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Wilson Center, which operates under the skillful direction of Lee Hamilton and Michael Van Dusen. As co-chairman of the Iraq Study Group, Mr. Hamilton again demonstrated why he enjoys a well-deserved reputation as one of America’s wisest statesmen. The Centrality of Lebanon Ladies and Gentlemen, the Middle East region is desperately in need of peace. Most obviously, the Middle East needs peace in Iraq and in Palestine. Additionally, intensifying sectarian tremors threaten to tear open fault lines throughout the Arab world. Given the realities of persistent and widespread conflict, what justifies calling Lebanon, as I do today, “The Threshold for Regional Stability?” The answer to this question begins with an understanding of how the Lebanese situation is central to the conditions in the Middle East and beyond. The centrality of Lebanon derives, I believe, from three key factors: cultural, economic, and strategic. First, taking the long view which history provides, Lebanon is intimately connected to, and a part of, both the Mediterranean cultural zone and the Middle Eastern cultural zone, and it also enjoys strong cultural links with Europe. -
Arab Secularism's Assisted Suicide
Arab Secularism’s Assisted Suicide A Brief History of Arab Political Discourse on Religion and the State APRIL 25, 2019 — MARK FARHA The Century Foundation | tcf.org Arab Secularism’s Assisted Suicide A Brief History of Arab Political Discourse on Religion and the State APRIL 25, 2019 — MARK FARHA Few would contest that the Arab world today is still ideological impasse. Relying on a range of Arabic primary struggling to accept, let alone institutionalize, the core pillars sources, it begins with a panoramic historical overview of of secularism and a civic state. In part, this crisis of secularism the usage of the term “madani” (meaning “civil” or “civic”) might be seen as a global phenomenon in light of the among a selection of key liberal and reformist Arab proliferation of populism tinged with communal prejudice. intellectuals, from the nineteenth century to the present.2 But while there is a global component to this problem, there The report also examines recurrent patterns in the use of are also particular regional characteristics. This report seeks “dawlah madaniyyah” as a means of either asserting or to go beyond the current crisis surrounding secularism avoiding an egalitarian, secular state in the present context as a symptom of a broader, universal failure of liberal of post-Arab-uprising states struggling with ideological and democracy and economic inequalities, and to specifically sectarian fragmentation. I explore how the concepts of the link the enfeebled state of secularism in Arab states to the civil state and citizenship have actually been used, in some region’s intellectual and political history since the nineteenth cases, to completely skirt secularism proper. -
H. Res. 1088 in the House of Representatives, U
H. Res. 1088 In the House of Representatives, U. S., December 8, 2006. Whereas on November 21, 2006, Pierre Gemayel, a Member of the March 14 parliamentary coalition, was assas- sinated in New Jdeide´, north of Beirut, Lebanon; Whereas a series of targeted attacks and killings of public leaders working to promote democracy and autonomy in Lebanon has placed a heavy toll on Lebanon’s intellectual and democratic freedoms; Whereas the prosecution by the proposed International Inde- pendent Investigation Commission of persons accused in the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri could deter future assassinations; Whereas Pierre Gemayel was born on September 24, 1972, into a prominent Lebanese family; Whereas Pierre Gemayel was first elected to the Lebanese Parliament in 2000; Whereas Pierre Gemayel was named Minister of Industry in the Lebanese Government in 2005; Whereas Amine Gemayel, the father of Pierre Gemayel and former President of Lebanon, has urged the Phalange party supporters and all Lebanese citizens to promote co- operation and solidarity and hamper attempts to instigate civil strife; 2 Whereas, on November 21, 2006, following Pierre Gemayel’s assassination, President George W. Bush stated that ‘‘the United States remains fully committed to sup- porting Lebanon’s independence and democracy in the face of attempts by Syria, Iran, and their allies within Lebanon to foment instability and violence’’; Whereas supporting the development of democratic institu- tions in Lebanon is critical to promoting the interests of the -
Italian Forces in Ethiopia Surrender; 120 Amerieans On
T *d,gmop ---------- ---- -■ .... .... Italian Forces in Ethiopia Surrender; 120 Amerieans on '_______________ _________ ;------- C Chosen to Wear Crown of Croatia cean’s Broad Reach Fascist Forces Up to British Today Uoaks Liner’s Fate; Duke of Aosta List of Passengers Surrender Necessary Re- i Capitulation of Last Ma« 24 Ambulance Drivers Japs Believe Urges. Goods cause Italians Rail Out jor - Stronghold hi Included Among Those O f Food, and Water; Northeast Ethiopia ] «.299-T oh EgypUan America Will About Egyptian Steam* Be Delivered Amba Alaji Defenders Conies After Italian^: er 2amzam Several m > TgT • : Liner Reported Sunk Reduced to Material Go into War Allowed One Day ^ Groups of Missionar* 1 0 J M a Z l f o e s On voyage from New Impossibility of Tak Collect the Woundedjl ics Also Aboard Ves - - - - - - I York to Alexandria No ing Care of Wounded Own Position Is One of Duke and General .t|$ Nelson Rockefeller Says' Definite Word as to sel Reported Sunk in And Cease Fighting. Waiting for Roosevelt Surrender Tomontraf* South Atlantic Ocean, Trade in HUler-Domi- What Occurred to Ship To Move Must Abide noted W orld Would Rome, M ay 19.— (A>)— The Cairo, Egypt, May 19. , New York, May 19.— (/P)— New York, May 19.— (A*)— Duke of Aosta, viceroy of By AxU Pact Terms. — About 7,000 Italian aoldiem Be Impossible Task. The broad expanse of the Philip Faversham, 33-year- Ethiopia, has surrendered are surrendering in E ^ o ” " old son of the late William V ■ South Atlantic— or possibly Tokyo, May 19.—(JP)—The Japa today and their commai New York, May 19.-r(P)—Nel limself and his troops to the Faversham, actor, was among {he Indian ocean— cloaked the nese press declared today that at Alma Alaji, the Duke son A. -
Sex Work in French Mandate Lebanon and Syria: a History of Representations and Interventions (1920-1946)
Sex Work in French Mandate Lebanon and Syria: A History of Representations and Interventions (1920-1946) Pascale Nancy Graham Institute of Islamic Studies McGill University, Montréal August 2019 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Pascale Nancy Graham Table of Contents Abstract/Résumé iii Acknowledgements vii List of Abbreviations of Archives ix Chapter One: Introduction 1 Regulatory Structures of Sex Work through the Early Modern Ottoman Empire 8 From Ottoman Administration to the French System: Sex Work as Pathology 25 Implicating the League of Nations 39 Public Debates and the Creation of “Diametrically Opposed States of Existence” 46 Colonialism and Humanitarianism: Power and Exclusion 57 Primary Sources and Methodology 61 Thesis Overview 66 Chapter Two: The Power of Medicine: Sex Work, Containment, and the New Discourse of Public Health 71 The Insertion of Scientific Vocabulary into the State Apparatus: The “Truth” about Sex Work 75 Research on Sex Work in the Metropole: The “Indispensable Excremental Phenomenon” 78 The Transmission of Knowledge: The Pathologizing of Sex Work Comes to the Levant 85 The Commission of Medical Reports with the Same Old Message under the New Regime 95 Assessing the Risk of Social Contagion in a Rural Context 108 Conclusion 114 Chapter Three: The Paradox of Liminality: Medico-Administrative and Legal Discourses in Defense of Public Health 119 Those Existing Outside the Law: The Paradox of the French System in the Levant -
Lebanon's Catalyst for Renewal
LEBANON’S CATALYST FOR RENEWAL BILAL Y. SAAB FEBRUARY 2021 Photo above: Lebanese President, Michel Aoun (C) meets Former Prime Minister of Lebanon, Saad Hariri (R), and Speaker of the Parliament Nabih Berri (L) in Beirut, Lebanon on October 22, 2020. Photo by Lebanese Presidency/Handout/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images. The Arab uprisings of the past decade have produced some of the most glorious and memorable phrases. From al-shaab yurid isqat al-nizam (“the people want to topple the regime”) and irhal! (“leave!”) to thawra! (“revolution!”) and Killon yaani killon silmiya, silmiya (“peaceful, peaceful”), Arabs from various parts (“all of them means of the region and all walks of life have joined together in chant expressing their desire for justice, dignity, and opportunity. all of them”) is an incredibly heavy Though revolutionary slogans by definition are imbued with lift. Probably an idealism, one seemed to stand out from the rest for its boldness impossible one too. and rejection of compromise. Killon yaani killon (“all of them means all of them”)1 was heard across Lebanon in 2019 when thousands of Lebanese took to the streets demanding the removal of not just a political leader or a government but the entire political class for its systematic corruption and direct role in leading the country to financial ruin and humanitarian catastrophe. 2 “What might serve as a catalyst for change is civil society and reform- oriented political parties coming together to form a larger political force that can … gradually alter the political rules of the game.” Though this wasn’t the first time the Lebanese fought for their rights change in the country because on its own, it’s unlikely it will be — they did it in spectacular fashion on March 14, 2005 when they able to drastically reform what is a deeply entrenched sectarian and called for the ousting of Syrian troops from the country and again feudal system. -
Lebanon's Political Dynamics
Lebanon’s political dynamics: population, religion and the region Salma Mahmood * As the Lebanese political crisis deepens, it becomes imperative to examine its roots and find out if there is a pattern to the present predicament, in examination of the past. Upon tracing the historical background, it becomes evident that the Lebanese socio-political system has been influenced by three major factors: the population demographic, regional atmosphere and sub-national identity politics. Though not an anomaly, Lebanon is one of the few remaining consociational democracies1 in the world. However, with the current political deadlock in the country, it is questionable how long this system will sustain. This article will take a thematic approach and begin with the historical precedent in each context linking it to the current situation for a better comprehension of the multifaceted nuclei shaping the country‟s turbulent course. Population Demographics Majority of the causal explanations cited to comprehend the contemporary religio-political problems confronting the Middle East have their roots in the imperialist games. Hence, it is in the post First World War French mandate that we find the foundations of the Lebanese paradigm. In 1919, the French decision was taken to concede the Maronite demands and grant the state of a Greater Lebanon. Previously, under the Ottoman rule, there existed an autonomous district of Lebanon consisting solely of Mount Lebanon and a 1914 population of about 400,000; four-fifth Christian and one-fifth Muslim. Amongst