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Rapporto 2006 Sulla Libertà Religiosa Nel Mondo

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Rapporto 2006 Sulla Libertà Religiosa Nel Mondo Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre www.acs-italia.org Rapporto 2006 Segretariato Italiano Piazza S. Calisto, 16 00153 Roma sulla Libertà Telefono 06 6989.3911 Telefax 06 6989.3923 e-mail: [email protected] Religiosa Bressanone Rio Scaleres, 14 39042 Bressanone nel Mondo Telefono 0472 832.746 nel Mondo Telefax 0472 832.746 e-mail: [email protected] Milano Corso Monforte, 1 20122 Milano Telefono 02 7602.8462 Telefax 02 7602.8469 e-mail: [email protected] Siracusa Viale Zecchino, 156 96100 Siracusa Telefono 0931 412.277 Telefax 0931 412.277 Rapporto 2006 sulla Libertà Religiosa nel Mondo Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre Q UADERNI DELLA C HIESA CHE S OFFRE QUADERNI DELLA CHIESA CHE SOFFRE Rapporto 2006 sulla Libertà Religiosa nel Mondo Rapporto 2006 sulla Libertà Religiosa nel Mondo Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre Q UADERNI DELLA C HIESA CHE S OFFRE In qualità di Presidente della Sezione Italiana di “Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre” (ACS) ho l'onore di presentare il «Rapporto 2006 sulla libertà religiosa nel mondo», giunto ormai all’ottava edizione. Anno dopo anno, il Rapporto si è imposto all’attenzione di uomini di Chiesa, diplomatici, A cura di - Edited by Attilio Tamburrini politici e giornalisti, come uno strumento indispensabile per chi voglia conoscere la situazione della libertà religiosa in tutti i Paesi del mondo. Nell’anno appena trascorso, il Rapporto Editore - Publisher è stato citato anche da autorevoli personalità della Santa Sede e della Chiesa italiana così Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre come in Commissioni parlamentari nazionali e dell’Unione Europea, quale fonte affidabile Piazza San Calisto 16 - 00153 Roma nel campo della libertà religiosa. Comitato di redazione Marta Allevato (AsiaNews), Pur redatto da una Associazione cattolica al servizio della Chiesa dovunque essa sia perse- Pierluigi Baccarini, guitata o minacciata, questo Rapporto mantiene un approccio non confessionale perché Massimiliano Boccolini, Daniela Bricca, padre Bernardo Cervellera (AsiaNews), prende in esame la situazione di ciascun Paese, con riferimento a ogni tipo di violazione della Camille Eid, Vincenzo Faccioli Pintozzi (AsiaNews), libertà religiosa riguardante i credenti di qualsiasi fede. Non si limita quindi a monitorare Caterina Maniaci, Giovanni Montalbetti, la situazione delle Comunità cattoliche o soltanto cristiane. Andrea Morigi, Giovanna Parravicini, Anna Pozzi, Anna Sanguinetti, La difesa della libertà religiosa nel mondo è uno degli impegni prioritari del pontificato Oscar Sanguinetti, padre Fernando Rogelio Velasco, di Benedetto XVI. Si può dire che ne è un tema strategico. Al diritto alla libertà religiosa Chiara Verna «va riconosciuto un posto di primo piano tra i diritti fondamentali dell’uomo», affermò il Coordinamento redazionale Pontefice nel discorso al Corpo diplomatico (9 gennaio 2006). E nell’Angelus del 4 dicembre Andrea Morigi, Marco Invernizzi 2005, ricordando i 40 anni della dichiarazione del Vaticano II sulla libertà religiosa, aveva Segreteria di redazione differenziato gli agenti che ne violano l’esercizio: «La libertà religiosa è ben lontana dall'essere Elvira Zito, Laura Fioravanti ovunque effettivamente assicurata: in alcuni casi essa è negata per motivi religiosi o ideologici; altre volte, pur riconosciuta sulla carta, viene ostacolata nei fatti dal potere politico oppure, Grafica svr in maniera più subdola, dal predominio culturale dell'agnosticismo e del relativismo». Stampa Questa denuncia di Benedetto XVI trova nelle pagine che seguono un puntuale riscontro. Tipografia Città Nuova della P.A.M.O.M. Ed è un onore per noi poter documentare la sua analisi come pure la ripetuta denuncia Via San Romano in Garfagnana 23 - 00148 Roma della Santa Sede sulle gravi persecuzioni dei cristiani nei Paesi islamici. Questo Rapporto vuol far conoscere a un vasto pubblico le realtà nelle quali opera ACS che non è una organizzazione caritativa o assistenziale e nemmeno una sorta di Amnesty cattolica. © Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre Il suo obiettivo è la raccolta di fondi, grazie alla generosità di oltre 500.000 benefattori in Piazza San Calisto 16 - 00153 Roma È consentita la riproduzione parziale o integrale del testo tutto il mondo, per soccorrere la Chiesa cattolica – vi è però anche un’importante azione a pubblicato con obbligo di citazione della fonte. favore della Chiesa ortodossa russa – ovunque la mancanza di mezzi economici o la violazione Tutte le informazioni riportate sono riferite di norma della libertà religiosa rendano difficile o impossibile la sua missione evangelizzatrice. all’anno 2005. Fanno eccezione i fatti che hanno avuto rilevanti sviluppi fino alla data di andare in stampa. Informare e denunciare la violazione di un diritto fondamentale come la libertà religiosa è un Immagine di copertina fattivo contributo alla pace. Nella strategia del Fondatore di “Aiuto alla Chiesa che Soffre”, © Images.com/Dave Cuttler padre Werenfried van Straaten, scomparso il 31 gennaio 2003, la condivisione della denuncia non può avvenire senza una concreta risposta di generosità alle invocazioni di aiuto che La cartografia contenuta nella presente opera è di giungono da tutto il mondo. © GEOnext - De Agostini, 2006 Dr. Orazio Petrosillo ISBN 88-87567-13-1 Presidente ACS Italia Dal Presidente Guida alla consultazione pag. 9 Aree tematiche Indice 13 Europa 17 America 73 Asia I NDICE 103 Africa 281 Oceania 373 Paesi senza scheda 379 Fonti consultate 395 Indice analitico dei Paesi 401 Storia di ACS 407 ACS nel mondo 411 Pubblicazioni di ACS 415 Come aiutare ACS 421 G UIDA ALLA CONSULTAZIONE Guida alla consultazione SCHEDE FILES Nel Rapporto sono contenute schede In this Report you will find updated di aggiornamento e, per un quadro storico information. For an overview of single delle singole situazioni, è necessario fare situations with in their historical context, riferimento ai Rapporti ACS degli anni please refer to previous editions of the ACS precedenti. Da questa edizione, i Paesi che Report. Starting with this edition, countries nel corso dell’anno non hanno fatto registrare that have not reported changes or in which mutamenti o fatti rilevanti in materia there are no significant events concerning di libertà religiosa, sono elencati nella parte freedom of worship, will be listed in the part denominata “Paesi senza scheda”. entitled “Countries with no report chart”. STATISTICHE STATISTICS Sono ricavate dalle fonti internazionali più Statistical data is provided by reliable accreditate. Siamo consapevoli che per molti international sources. We are aware that many Paesi esistono valutazioni numeriche differenti, Countries have different rating standards, ma nell’impossibilità di effettuare verifiche but as it was not possible to make a survey sul campo, abbiamo dovuto operare delle on the spot, we have had to decide for the best. scelte. As far as religious composition is concerned, Per quanto riguarda l’Appartenenza religiosa, we believe that the most reliable data is ci è sembrato che i dati più attendibili provided by team Professor David Barrett’s fossero forniti dall’equipe del professor team, a writer for the World Christian David Barrett che redige la World Christian Encyclopaedia (New York, 2001). Encyclopedia (New York, 2001). Data concerning the number of those Il dato dei Battezzati e delle Circoscrizioni Baptised and the Ecclesiastic Territories Ecclesiastiche è tratto dall’ultima edizione is provided by the most recent available disponibile dell’Annuario Statistico della edition of the Church’s Yearly Book of Chiesa. Statistics. Per i Rifugiati ci siamo affidati ai dati forniti As far as refugees are concerned, we have dall’Alto Commissariato delle Nazioni relied on data from the United Nations Unite per i Rifugiati, organismo dell’Onu High Commissioner for Refugees, a U.N. che solo può avere il quadro di insieme body which is the sole to have an overall anche se, su singoli casi, i dati non picture of the situation. Nonetheless, coincidono con quelli forniti dai governi there are single cases in which data does dei Paesi interessati. not coincide with that supplied by the Il numero degli Sfollati, peraltro difficile da Governments of the Countries in question. indicare con precisione per le problematiche The source used for indicating the number legate al fenomeno, è tratto da quanto segnalato of internally displaced people in various da “The Global IDP Project” che fa countries, also difficult to indicate due to riferimento al Norwegian Refugee Council. problems linked to this phenomenon, is provided by “The Global IDP Project” which Naturalmente, ringraziamo fin da ora chiunque refers to the Norwegian Refugee Council. volesse segnalarci eventuali inesattezze, scusandoci per ogni involontario errore o We wish to thank whoever might like to report imprecisione. any possible imprecision and we apologise in advance for any involuntary mistakes we may have made. 11 A REE TEMATICHE Aree tematiche Area islamica, in verde Islamic Area, in green Paesi a maggioranza islamica dove sono Nations which are Islamic by a large presenti discriminazioni fondate sulla legge majority, where there are discriminations islamica che vanno dal divieto per i musulmani based on the Islamic law. These range from di convertirsi ad altra religione, fino alla the prohibition for Muslims to convert to sottomissione degli altri cittadini ai dettami another religion to the sujection of the other dell’ordinamento giuridico musulmano. citizens to the Muslim juridical system. Area islamica, con tratteggio verde Islamic areas indicated by green
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