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“La Bocca Sollevò Dal Fiero Pasto Quel Peccator...” Martedì Si Conclude Il dal quotidiano on line Notizie Cronaca Sport Politica Economia “La bocca sollevò dal fiero pasto quel peccator....” Martedì si conclude il trittico sull'inferno della Commedia dantesca alla Sala Colonne a cura della Dante Alighieri di Renato Passerini Martedì 19 novembre alle ore 16 alla Sala Colonne di Palazzo Vescovile si conclude, con il canto XXXIII dell’Inferno la storia drammatica del conte Ugolino: “La bocca sollevò dal fiero pasto quel peccator.... “, canto nel quale si "avverte" tutta la tragedia umana e interiore di un personaggio del tempo di Dante, assai in vista nella politica toscana, il Conte Ugolino della Gherardesca ; "canto" dal quale non è affatto assente un tristissimo sentimento di pietà di fronte alla vicenda tremenda che avvolge il dannato. Il trittico di convegni sulla Divina Commedia è promosso dalla Società Dante Alighieri di Piacenza. Le trascorse conferenze - che hanno avuto per tema il canto V “Paolo e Francesca” e il canto XXVI “Ulisse e Diomede”- sono state seguite da un pubblico molto numeroso, particolarmente attento ed interessato ad annotare analisi e commenti alle terzine del prof. Padre Stelio Fongaro, scalabriniano, profondo conoscitore della Commedia dantesca che come pochi la sa aiutare e comprendere bene e amare. I Canti sono stati letti con fluidità e armonia sincera, appassionata dal dottor Roberto Laurenzano, presidente della Dante Alighieri piacentina. Occorre che la critica rimanga aderente al testo e alla visione di Dante. Questa la premessa generale di padre Fongaro. Relativamente al canto V, dove Dante incontra Francesca da Rimini, colei che alla fine del Duecento fu uccisa dal marito Gianciotto Malatesta che aveva scoperto il tradimento della moglie con il cognato Paolo Malatesta, il prof. Fongaro contrasta la tesi degli autori provenzali e i poeti stilnovisti che giustificano “l’amor cortese “ anche nell’adulterio, quando il sentimento nasce da una passione irresistibile. Attraverso il suo personaggio Dante compie una parziale ritrattazione della sua precedente produzione poetica stilnovistica, che avendo l'amore come argomento poteva spingere il lettore a mettere in pratica gli esempi letterari e cadere nel peccato di lussuria. L'episodio del Canto V° resta comunque uno dei più densi momenti di amaro dolore ed amore, mai soddisfatto a mai satisfattibile fra due amanti trascinati senza sosta dal vento infernale. Un "Canto" infernale, sì, ma ricco di profondo sentimento umano, ad un tempo di amore e di colpa fortemente racchiusi nei celeberrimi versi "... soli eravamo e sanza alcun sospetto. / ... la bocca mi baciò tutto tremante ./ Galeotto fu il libro e chi lo scrisse : /quel giorno più non vi leggemmo avante”. Nel canto XXVI Dante viene a sapere che tra i dannati vi è pure Ulisse in compagnia dell'amico Diomede. Di fronte alla grandezza d'un personaggio così noto nella letteratura, il poeta non s'arrischia d'interrogarlo e lascia che al suo posto lo faccia Virgilio. Tra i motivi politici e morali per cui Ulisse viene condannato vi è l'inganno del cavallo per conquistare Troia, perché con Diomede sottrasse alla città sconfitta il Palladio (statua di Atena), mostrando così il loro disprezzo per le cose sacre; perché rinunciò ai familiari per inseguire sogni di avventura convincendo i suoi compagni marinai a tentare una folle impresa, che mai nessuno aveva rischiato: quella di costeggiare l'Africa sino alla punta estrema superando il limite delle colonne d'Ercole (presso lo stretto di Gibilterra) posto dagli stessi dei. Ulisse, accentua il prof. Fongaro, è sorretto da grande coraggio che prorompe nella forte esortazione "Fatti non foste a viver come bruti,/ma per seguir virtute e canoscenza" : parole che scuotono l'equipaggio. Ma Ulisse ma non sa moderare l’ambizione di conoscenza, porta i suoi compagni al nubifragio: un turbo d’acque percosse il suo “legno”, “il fè girar con tutte l’acque; e la quarta levar la poppa in suso e la prora ire in giù, com’altrui piacque, infin che ‘l mar sopra noi rinchiuso”. .
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