Assessment of Short-Term Effectiveness of Artificial Resting
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Museum of Natural History
p m r- r-' ME FYF-11 - - T r r.- 1. 4,6*. of the FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY THE COMPARATIVE ECOLOGY OF BOBCAT, BLACK BEAR, AND FLORIDA PANTHER IN SOUTH FLORIDA David Steffen Maehr Volume 40, No. 1, pf 1-176 1997 == 46 1ms 34 i " 4 '· 0?1~ I. Al' Ai: *'%, R' I.' I / Em/-.Ail-%- .1/9" . -_____- UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY am published at irregular intervals Volumes contain about 300 pages and are not necessarily completed in any one calendar year. JOHN F. EISENBERG, EDITOR RICHARD FRANZ CO-EDIWR RHODA J. BRYANT, A£ANAGING EMOR Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publications and all manuscripts should be addressed to: Managing Editor. Bulletin; Florida Museum of Natural Histoty, University of Florida P. O. Box 117800, Gainesville FL 32611-7800; US.A This journal is printed on recycled paper. ISSN: 0071-6154 CODEN: BF 5BAS Publication date: October 1, 1997 Price: $ 10.00 Frontispiece: Female Florida panther #32 treed by hounds in a laurel oak at the site of her first capture on the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge in central Collier County, 3 February 1989. Photograph by David S. Maehr. THE COMPARATIVE ECOLOGY OF BOBCAT, BLACK BEAR, AND FLORIDA PANTHER IN SOUTH FLORIDA David Steffen Maehri ABSTRACT Comparisons of food habits, habitat use, and movements revealed a low probability for competitive interactions among bobcat (Lynx ndia). Florida panther (Puma concotor cooi 1 and black bear (Urns amencanus) in South Florida. All three species preferred upland forests but ©onsumed different foods and utilized the landscape in ways that resulted in ecological separation. -
The 2008 IUCN Red Listings of the World's Small Carnivores
The 2008 IUCN red listings of the world’s small carnivores Jan SCHIPPER¹*, Michael HOFFMANN¹, J. W. DUCKWORTH² and James CONROY³ Abstract The global conservation status of all the world’s mammals was assessed for the 2008 IUCN Red List. Of the 165 species of small carni- vores recognised during the process, two are Extinct (EX), one is Critically Endangered (CR), ten are Endangered (EN), 22 Vulnerable (VU), ten Near Threatened (NT), 15 Data Deficient (DD) and 105 Least Concern. Thus, 22% of the species for which a category was assigned other than DD were assessed as threatened (i.e. CR, EN or VU), as against 25% for mammals as a whole. Among otters, seven (58%) of the 12 species for which a category was assigned were identified as threatened. This reflects their attachment to rivers and other waterbodies, and heavy trade-driven hunting. The IUCN Red List species accounts are living documents to be updated annually, and further information to refine listings is welcome. Keywords: conservation status, Critically Endangered, Data Deficient, Endangered, Extinct, global threat listing, Least Concern, Near Threatened, Vulnerable Introduction dae (skunks and stink-badgers; 12), Mustelidae (weasels, martens, otters, badgers and allies; 59), Nandiniidae (African Palm-civet The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most authorita- Nandinia binotata; one), Prionodontidae ([Asian] linsangs; two), tive resource currently available on the conservation status of the Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis and allies; 14), and Viverridae (civ- world’s biodiversity. In recent years, the overall number of spe- ets, including oyans [= ‘African linsangs’]; 33). The data reported cies included on the IUCN Red List has grown rapidly, largely as on herein are freely and publicly available via the 2008 IUCN Red a result of ongoing global assessment initiatives that have helped List website (www.iucnredlist.org/mammals). -
Interspecific Killing Among Mammalian Carnivores
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital.CSIC vol. 153, no. 5 the american naturalist may 1999 Interspeci®c Killing among Mammalian Carnivores F. Palomares1,* and T. M. Caro2,² 1. Department of Applied Biology, EstacioÂn BioloÂgica de DonÄana, thought to act as keystone species in the top-down control CSIC, Avda. MarõÂa Luisa s/n, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; of terrestrial ecosystems (Terborgh and Winter 1980; Ter- 2. Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology and borgh 1992; McLaren and Peterson 1994). One factor af- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, fecting carnivore populations is interspeci®c killing by California 95616 other carnivores (sometimes called intraguild predation; Submitted February 9, 1998; Accepted December 11, 1998 Polis et al. 1989), which has been hypothesized as having direct and indirect effects on population and community structure that may be more complex than the effects of either competition or predation alone (see, e.g., Latham 1952; Rosenzweig 1966; Mech 1970; Polis and Holt 1992; abstract: Interspeci®c killing among mammalian carnivores is Holt and Polis 1997). Currently, there is renewed interest common in nature and accounts for up to 68% of known mortalities in some species. Interactions may be symmetrical (both species kill in intraguild predation from a conservation standpoint each other) or asymmetrical (one species kills the other), and in since top predator removal is thought to release other some interactions adults of one species kill young but not adults of predator populations with consequences for lower trophic the other. -
Mammal Watching in the Pacific Northwest, Summer 2019 with Notes on Birding, Locations, Sounds, and Chasing Chipmunks
Mammal watching in the Pacific Northwest, summer 2019 With notes on birding, locations, sounds, and chasing chipmunks Keywords: Sciuridae, trip report, mammals, birds, summer, July Daan Drukker 1 How to use this report For this report I’ve chosen not to do the classic chronological order, but instead, I’ve treated every mammal species I’ve seen in individual headers and added some charismatic species that I’ve missed. Further down I’ve made a list of hotspot birding areas that I’ve visited where the most interesting bird species that I’ve seen are treated. If you are visiting the Pacific Northwest, you’ll find information on where to look for mammals in this report and some additional info on taxonomy and identification. I’ve written it with a European perspective, but that shouldn’t be an issue. Birds are treated in detail for Mount Rainier and the Monterey area, including the California Condors of Big Sur. For other areas, I’ve mentioned the birds, but there must be other reports for more details. I did a non-hardcore type of birding, just looking at everything I came across and learning the North American species a bit, but not twitching everything that was remotely possible. That will be for another time. Every observation I made can be found on Observation.org, where the exact date, location and in some cases evidence photos and sound recordings are combined. These observations are revised by local admins, and if you see an alleged mistake, you can let the observer and admin know by clicking on one of the “Contact” options in the upper right panel. -
An Opportunity to Bring Together Marten, Fisher, Sable, Wolverine, and Tayra Biologists Gilbert PROULX1 and Keith B
CWBM 2014: Volume 3, Number 1 ISSN: 1929-3100 Point to Ponder The Martes“ Complex” — An Opportunity to Bring Together Marten, Fisher, Sable, Wolverine, and Tayra Biologists Gilbert PROULX1 and Keith B. AUBRY2 1 Alpha Wildlife Research & Management Ltd., 229 Lilac Terrace, Sherwood Park, Alberta, T8H 1W3, Canada. Email: [email protected] 2 USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3625 93rd Ave. SW Olympia, Washington 96512, USA. Email: kaubry.fs.fed.us Abstract Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that the genus Martes is polyphyletic with respect to the Fisher (Pekania pennanti), which is more closely related to the Wolverine (Gulo gulo) and Tayra (Eira barbara) than it is to the martens. We refer to the 11 species in the genera Martes, Pekania, Gulo, and Eira as the “Martes Complex”. Because the species comprising the Martes Complex share many physical, behavioural, and ecological traits, we believe that biologists and managers interested in any of these species would benefit from meeting with colleagues and exchanging information and ideas to address challenging conservation issues. Key Words: Fisher, Pekania pennanti, martens, Martes, Martes Complex, Sable, Tayra, Eira barbara, Wolverine, Gulo gulo. During the last 20 years, fossil records and molecular genetic Japanese Marten (M. melampus) in Japan and the Korean Peninsula; studies have provided the scientific community with new insights the Yellow-throated Marten (M. flavigula) in southeast Asia; and about the Martes lineage. Hughes (2012:15) described its the Nilgiri Marten (M. gwatkinsii) in southern India (Proulx et al. evolutionary history as “a series of dispersals and speciations against 2004; Aubry et al. -
Feasibility Assessment for Reinforcing Pine Marten Numbers in England and Wales
Feasibility Assessment for Reinforcing Pine Marten Numbers in England and Wales Jenny MacPherson The Vincent Wildlife Trust 3 & 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury, Herefordshire, HR8 1EP November 2014 Co-authors and contributors ELIZABETH CROOSE The Vincent Wildlife Trust, 3 & 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury, Herefordshire HR8 1EP DAVID BAVIN The Vincent Wildlife Trust, 3 & 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury, Herefordshire HR8 1EP DECLAN O’MAHONY Agri-Food and Bioscience Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland JONATHAN P. SOMPER Greenaway, 44 Estcourt Road, Gloucester, GL1 3LG NATALIE BUTTRISS The Vincent Wildlife Trust, 3 & 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury, Herefordshire HR8 1EP Acknowledgements We would like to thank Johnny Birks, Robbie McDonald, Steven Tapper, Sean Christian and David Bullock for their input and helpful comments and discussion during the preparation of this report. We are also grateful to Paul Bright, Liz Halliwell, Huw Denman, Kenny Kortland, Colin Seddon, Roisin Campbell-Palmer, Peter Lack, Roger Powell, Pete Turner, Catherine O’Reilly, members and staff of the Dutch Mammal Society, Henry Schofield, Hilary Macmillan, Kate McAney, Orly Razgour and Matthieu Lundy for their help and advice. The questionnaire survey in chapter 5 was carried out as part of the People & Pine Martens in Wales project, funded by the Welsh Co-operative to whom we owe thanks. We are grateful to all organisations and individuals who publicised the online survey, including the People’s Trust for Endangered Species, the Federation of City Farms and Community Gardens, The Mammal Society, Denmark Farm, Gwent Wildlife Trust and Brecknock Wildlife Trust, and to all those who took time to complete the survey. -
Os Nomes Galegos Dos Carnívoros 2019 2ª Ed
Os nomes galegos dos carnívoros 2019 2ª ed. Citación recomendada / Recommended citation: A Chave (20192): Os nomes galegos dos carnívoros. Xinzo de Limia (Ourense): A Chave. https://www.achave.ga"/wp#content/up"oads/achave_osnomes!a"egosdos$carnivoros$2019.pd% Fotografía: lince euroasiático (Lynx lynx ). Autor: Jordi Bas. &sta o'ra est( su)eita a unha licenza Creative Commons de uso a'erto* con reco+ecemento da autor,a e sen o'ra derivada nin usos comerciais. -esumo da licenza: https://creativecommons.or!/"icences/'.#n #nd//.0/deed.!". Licenza comp"eta: https://creativecommons.or!/"icences/'.#n #nd//.0/"e!a"code0"an!ua!es. 1 Notas introdutorias O que cont n este documento Neste documento fornécense denominacións galegas para diferentes especies de mamíferos carnívoros. Primeira edición (2018): En total! ac"éganse nomes para 2#$ especies! %&ue son practicamente todos os carnívoros &ue "ai no mundo! salvante os nomes das focas% e $0 subespecies. Os nomes galegos das focas expóñense noutro recurso léxico da +"ave dedicado só aos nomes das focas! manatís e dugongos. ,egunda edición (201-): +orríxese algunha gralla! reescrí'ense as notas introdutorias e incorpórase o logo da +"ave ao deseño do documento. A estrutura En primeiro lugar preséntase a clasificación taxonómica das familias de mamíferos carnívoros! onde se apunta! de maneira xeral! os nomes dos carnívoros &ue "ai en cada familia. seguir vén o corpo do documento! unha listaxe onde se indica! especie por especie, alén do nome científico! os nomes galegos e ingleses dos diferentes mamíferos carnívoros (nalgún caso! tamén, o nome xenérico para un grupo deles ou o nome particular dalgunhas subespecies). -
Conservation Status of Plains Spotted Skunk in Texas, by Clint Perkins
CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE PLAINS SPOTTED SKUNK IN TEXAS CLINT PERKINS PRESENTED TO EL CAMINO REAL CHAPTER TMNP 11 MAY 2017 SKUNKS OF TEXAS •Hooded Skunk •Striped Skunk •Hog-nosed Skunk •Western Spotted Skunk •Eastern Spotted Skunk PLAINS SPOTTED SKUNK • Order: Carnivora • Family: Mephitidae • Genus: Spilogale • Scientific name: Spilogale putorius interrupta • Colloquial Name: Civet Cat NATURAL HISTORY • Small in size: Body < 12”; tail • Habitats: Prairies, closed canopy < 4-6” forests, juniper forests (thicker is better) • Weight: Males – 1.25lbs; • Will readily acclimate to man- Females - < 1 lb. made structures (especially • 1.43lbs in Waller County! farms) • Pelage: black with multiple • Diet: insects, fruits (persimmons), small mammals, broken white stripes • More carnivorous skunk species • Body elongate and weasel like • Arboreal! HISTORICAL CONTEXT • The plains subspecies has experienced a range wide decline • In Texas, harvest records did not distinguish between “civet cats” DISTRIBUTION • 3 recognized subspecies • Plains subspecies found from southern Canada to Tamaulipas, Mexico DISTRIBUTION • Texas Ecoregions: high plains, rolling plains, cross timbers, blackland prairie, post oak savannah, gulf prairie • Edwards plateau (?), south Texas plains (?), piney woods (?) BACKGROUND INFORMATION • Is being considered for listing under the Endangered Species Act (2012) • Texas species of greatest conservation need (S4) PROJECT GOALS • Create a species distribution model. • Test the efficacy of survey methods • Locate existing populations and areas with high localized abundance • Establish baseline genetic data to examine and test the overall genetic health of the species in Texas FIELD SURVEYS • Surveyed 10 counties • Used multiple techniques • 7 day sampling period • Deploy 120 devices SURVEY DEVICES TRACK PLATES TRAIL CAMERAS CROWD SOURCING • Historical museum records • Call for spotted skunk observations • Collaboration with academic, rehab, biological, and citizen scientist groups. -
The Role of Mustelids in the Transmission of Sarcocystis Spp. Using Cattle As Intermediate Hosts
animals Article The Role of Mustelids in the Transmission of Sarcocystis spp. Using Cattle as Intermediate Hosts Petras Prakas *, Linas Balˇciauskas , Evelina Juozaityte-Ngugu˙ and Dalius Butkauskas Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected] (L.B.); [email protected] (E.J.-N.); [email protected] (D.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Members of the genus Sarcocystis are worldwide distributed protozoan parasites. Sarcocystis infections cause great losses in economically important animals. There is a lack of studies on Sarcocystis in naturally infected wild predators, especially of the family Mustelidae which represent a presumably important group of definitive hosts of these parasites. The objective of the present study was to examine the small intestine samples of various mustelid species from Lithuania serving as a possible source of Sarcocystis spp. using cattle as intermediate hosts. Overall, 84 samples collected from five mustelid species were analyzed. Oocysts/sporocysts of Sarcocystis spp. were detected in 75 animals (89.3%). Using molecular methods four Sarcocystis spp., S. bovifelis, S. cruzi, S. hirsuta and S. hominis were identified, with the first two being the most prevalent. These results indicate that mustelids are involved in the transmission of Sarcocystis spp. using cattle as intermediate hosts. The determined high prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. rates cause concerns about food safety issues. To control the spread of infection, further studies on the way carcasses of cattle or beef waste become Citation: Prakas, P.; Balˇciauskas,L.; accessible to mustelids are needed. Juozaityte-Ngugu,˙ E.; Butkauskas, D. The Role of Mustelids in the Abstract: There is a lack of research on the role of mustelids in the transmission of various Sarco- Transmission of Sarcocystis spp. -
Forest Carnivore Research in the Northern Cascades of Oregon (Oct 2012–May 2013, Oct 2013–Jun 2014)
Final Progress Report Forest Carnivore Research in the Northern Cascades of Oregon (Oct 2012–May 2013, Oct 2013–Jun 2014) 2 July 2014 Jamie E. McFadden-Hiller1,2, Oregon Wildlife, 1122 NE 122nd, Suite 1148, Portland, OR 97230, USA Tim L. Hiller1,3, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Wildlife Division, 4034 Fairview Industrial Drive SE, Salem, OR 97302, USA One of several red foxes detected in the northern Cascades of Oregon. Suggested citation: McFadden-Hiller, J. E., and T. L. Hiller. 2014. Forest carnivore research in the northern Cascades of Oregon, final progress report (Oct 2012–May 2013, Oct 2013–Jun 2014). Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Salem, Oregon, USA. 1 Current address: Mississippi State University, Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9690, USA 2 Email: [email protected] 3 Email: [email protected] Oregon Cascades Forest Carnivore Research, Final Progress Report, Jun 2014 2 Habitat for American marten (Martes americana)4 typically includes late successional coniferous and mixed forests with >30% canopy cover (see Clark et al. 1987, Strickland and Douglas 1987). The Pacific Northwest has experienced intensive logging during the past century and the distribution of martens in this region is largely discontinuous because of fragmented patches of forest cover (Gibilisco 1994). Based on state agency harvest data, the average annual number of martens harvested in the Oregon Cascades (and statewide) has decreased substantially during recent decades, but disentangling the potential factors (e.g., decreasing abundance, decreasing harvest effort) attributed to changes in harvest levels continues to prove difficult (Hiller 2011, Hiller et al. -
Standards for Caniform Sanctuaries
Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries Standards For Caniform Sanctuaries Version: February, 2018 ©2012 Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries – Standards for Caniform Sanctuaries Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 1 GFAS PRINCIPLES ................................................................................................................................................... 1 ANIMALS COVERED BY THESE STANDARDS ............................................................................................................ 1 STANDARDS UPDATES……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 CANIFORM STANDARDS ........................................................................................................................................ 4 CANIFORM HOUSING ............................................................................................................................ 5 H-1. Types of Space and Size ..................................................................................................................................... 5 H-2. Containment ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 H-3. Ground and Plantings ........................................................................................................................................ -
North American Hog−Nosed Skunk (Conepatus Leuconotus)
FIELD GUIDE TO NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS North American Hog−nosed Skunk (Conepatus leuconotus) ORDER: Carnivora FAMILY: Mephitidae Conservation Status: A subspecies, the Big Thicket Hog−nosed Skunk, Conepatus mesoleucus telmalestes, is Extinct. Skunks are seldom thought of as useful animals, but Hog−nosed Skunks can be helpful to farmers because they eat crop−destroying Conepatus leuconotus − eastern variant (base of tail is black) insects. They have powerful forelimbs and long claws, suited to Credit: painting by Consie Powell from Kays and Wilson's Mammals of North America, © Princeton University Press digging up insect larvae and grubs. They also eat plant matter and (2002) sometimes small rodents if the opportunity arises. Like Striped and Spotted skunks, they are best known for the scent produced by, and sprayed from, their anal glands. Spraying is a last resort. The skunk's dramatic black and white coat serves as a warning signal to other mammals, and its first response is to run. A frightened Hog−nosed Skunk may then turn around to face its adversary, stand on its hind feet, and take a few steps forward, then come down on all fours and hiss. If that doesn't work, the next step is to bare its teeth, raise its tail, and bite, spray, or both. Also known as: Gulf Coast Hog−nosed Skunk, White Backed Skunk, Rooter Skunk, Texan Skunk, Badger Skunk, Conepat Length: Average: 636.5 mm males; 589.7 mm females Range: 444−934 mm males; 445−840 mm females Weight: Range: 1,135−4,500 g http://www.mnh.si.edu/mna 1 FIELD GUIDE TO NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS Hooded Skunk (Mephitis macroura) ORDER: Carnivora FAMILY: Mephitidae The Hooded Skunk is a desert animal, preferring rocky canyons and valleys, and the vegetation along stream edges.