MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL www.portoenorte.pt general coordination City Council of Vila Pouca de Aguiar 4 Preface Valongo Isabel Ferreira de Castro Roman Mine Complex of Tresminas 6 Map 50 Palaeozoic Park of Valongo City Council of Vila Real/Fernando 52 Lousa Museum technical coordination Real Geology Museum - University of Arouca Directorate-General of Energy and Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro - 8 Arouca Geopark Vila Pouca de Aguiar Geology - DGEG UTAD 54 Roman Mine Complex of Tresminas Mining Development Company - EDM Boticas Paula reis – TPNP translation 12 Archaeological Park of Terva Valley Vila Real BabeliUM - PAVT 58 Fernando Real Geology Museum, technical team Centro de Línguas da Universidade do University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Pedro Botelho Minho Gondomar Douro (UTAD) Sandra Martins 16 S. Pedro da Cova Mining Museum – design Malta House 62 Tourist Information texts and photographs Cristina Lamego Arouca Geopark Association - AGA, Macedo de Cavaleiros (Avelino Vieira)/City Council of printing 20 Terras de Cavaleiros Geopark Arouca Lidergraf City Council of Valongo Marco de Canaveses Archaeological Park of Terva Valley legal deposit 24 Marco de Canaveses Stone Museum - PAVT 442573/18 City Council of Gondomar / Malta Matosinhos House – S. Pedro da Cova Mining edition 28 Museum of Portuguese Mineral Museum tpnp©2018 Deposits City Council of Macedo de Cavaleiros Terras de Cavaleiros Geopark/City Montalegre Council of Marco de Canaveses 32 Barroso Ecomuseum – Interpretation Marco de Canaveses Stone Museum Centre of the Mines of Borralha City Council of Matosinhos/Museum of Portuguese Mineral Deposits Paredes City Council of Paredes/Castromil 36 Castromil Mines Mines Foz do Douro Geological Tour Porto Museum of the Higher Institute of 40 Foz do Douro Geological Tour Engineering of Porto - ISEP 42 Museum of the Faculty of Engineering Museum of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto - FEUP of the University of Porto - FEUP 44 Museum of the Higher Institute of City Council of Torre de Moncorvo Engineering of Porto - ISEP Region of Moncorvo and Iron Museum City Council of Valongo/Palaeozoic Torre de Moncorvo Park of Valongo/ Lousa Museum 46 Region of Moncorvo and Iron Museum 2 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL 3 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL Set within the scope The primary objectives of the project promoted by the Directorate-General for of an institutional Energy and Geology, EDM – Empresa de framework, the “Guide Desenvolvimento Mineiro SA and a vast and of the Portuguese diversified group of partners and stakeholders which have come together for Geological and Mines this purpose, are to raise scientific Sites” promotes awareness towards the mining and geological activity and to make better use of different initiatives its potential role in the local development, and locations that are namely in terms of tourist demand. significant in terms of The project is built around a unique (material and intangible) heritage, which is size and characteristics, extremely important so as to understand the provided they are history of mankind and their relationship with nature. Thus, the project is aimed at related to geology and safeguarding such heritage, its “marks” and mining and that the the profitability and revival of the territories, Preface visitor’s interpretation while promoting and attracting a growing This guide represents a new and relevant number of tourists seeking different step that was taken in order to promote the is duly supported. experiences associated with this theme potential of the different mining and (mines, miners, etc.). geological relevant Sites, which in this case Set within the scope of an institutional can be found in the northern region. The framework, the “Guide of the Portuguese drafting of this guide was only possible given Geological and Mines Sites” promotes the teamwork between the Guide different initiatives and locations that are management teams, the people responsible significant in terms of size and for the different sites and the Regional characteristics, provided they are related to Tourism Board of Porto and Northern geology and mining and that the visitor’s Portugal that have supported the project interpretation is duly supported. The from the beginning. initiatives and locations associated with the Come and “Travel” through the “Guide of the guide are characterized as recreational, Portuguese Geological and Mines Sites” at cultural, educational and scientific in nature, www.roteirodeminas.pt, and discover these as for example: abandoned or working wonderful places. mines; museums; curiosities, natural landscapes, scientific centres, etc. 4 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL 5 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL AROUCA geoparK AROUCA The famous “Rocks Delivering Stones” are part of a geological heritage that includes a total of 41 geological heritage sites opening hours Since 2009, the Arouca Geopark stands out from Monday to Friday: 9h00-12h30/14h00-17h30 for its internationally relevant geological Saturday and Sunday: 9h30-13h00/14h00-17h30 heritage, which is the reason why UNESCO Geosites: variable according to the sites, whether classified it as a Global Geopark. The region’s they are located in an open-air space or there’s an valuable and unique heritage includes 41 interpretation centre available (upon request) geological heritage sites (geosites). The famous “Rocks Delivering Stones”, whose contact secrets can be uncovered at Casa das Pedras address: Loja Interativa de Turismo do Arouca Geopark Parideiras – Interpretation Centre are R. Abel Botelho, nº4 - Arouca noteworthy, as well as the gigantic trilobites tel.: +351 256 940 258/256 940 254 of Canelas. This can be discovered at the e-mail: [email protected] Geological Interpretation Centre of Canelas www.aroucageopark.pt / www.roteirodeminas.pt (CIGC), the old mining complexes of Regoufe GPS: N 40.929283 O -8.248117 and the Frades river, whose histories date back to the First and Second World Wars, or the Paiva Walkways, where the geodiversity and biodiversity of the Paiva river transforms the 8-km-long trail into an unforgettable view. 8 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL 9 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL Arouca Located about an hour drive from the large urban centres of Porto and Aveiro, Arouca grew around its Monastery. D. Mafalda, daughter of King Sancho I, came to live here and as a result the region became well known. In addition to the important historical and cultural heritage of the region, its natural heritage is also highly valuable. At Freita and Montemuro Mountains in particular, as well as in the Paiva river, you can feel Nature’s beating heart and be dazzled by the beauty of the region’s landscapes, which rest upon shale and granite that tell us the 550-million-year-old history of planet Earth. Last but not least, they are the very reason why the territory was classified as a UNESCO Global Geopark. 10 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL 11 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL TERVA VALLEY ARCHAEOLOGICAL PARK OF BOTIcaS Crossing the great trench, visitors are faced with the most extraordinary ancient scenery of the Upper Valley of the Terva river Stretching across a territory with nearly 60 The information, presented in a didactic, km2 on the north side of the municipality of appealing and sensory way, enables the Boticas, which comprises five villages visitors to discover the territory’s multiple (Ardãos, Bobadela, Nogueira, Sapelos and heritage assets while enjoying the landscape Sapiãos), the Terva Valley Archaeological and the heritage in loco, through routes that Park (PAVT) is characterized by a continuous include thematic tours. From this point, you geographical feature, with a set of historical, can start your visit to the different sites, of archaeological, ethnographic, environmental which we should like to highlight the Roman and heritage assets. These are considered Gold Mines: Limarinho Mine (point 2), Poço relevant heritage elements of the several das Freitas Mine (point 3) and Brejo Mine landscapes that shape the long human (point 4). Located east of the Calvão Stream, occupation of the territory. The the operation front of Limarinho corresponds Interpretation Centre (point 1 of the guide), to an open-pit gold mine, exploited located in Bobadela, is an open door to the extensively from the mid-1st century and the Terva Valley Archaeological Park - visitors 4th century onwards. Crossing the great are welcomed here and given all the relevant trench, which provides access to the information, allowing them to visit/explore exploitation’s core from the stream shore, the territory autonomously. you can admire in detail the most 12 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL 13 | MINES AND GEOLOGY NORTHERN PORTUGAL extraordinary ancient scenery of the Upper opening hours Land of historical, cultural and natural Valley of the Terva river today. The Poço das from Tuesday to Saturday: 10h00-12h30/14h00- legacies, the beauty of Boticas is beyond Freitas Mine is located south of Limarinho 17h30 compare. Centuries-old mills, hill forts, and is characterized by a lagoon with a small dolmen ruins, Roman milestones and sacred “islet” at the centre. The Poço das Freitas is contact constructions are part of its vast heritage. also the result of the mining activity during address: CI PAVT / Terva Valley Archaeological Park The Guerreiro Calaico-Lusitano (warrior the Roman period. The Brejo Mine is another Interpretation Centre figure), a landmark of Portuguese one of the large mining fronts dating back Bobadela archaeology, can be found here. The “Chegas from the Roman period in the Upper Valley of tel.: +351 276 410 200 de Bois of Barroso” (bullfights) are a legacy the Terva river, covering an area of e-mail: [email protected] of the communitarianism still alive today. approximately 12 ha, in the vicinity of www.cm-boticas.pt / www.roteirodeminas.pt The Barrosã Meat and Barroso’s Honey are Bobadela village. After the mining activity GPS: N 41.73086 O -7.61837 products of excellent quality, as well as the was abandoned, a lagoon was formed, cozido Barrosão (typical dish made with teeming with life.