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An Iowan with Buffalo Bill: Charles Eldridge Griffin in Europe. 1903-1906

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An Iowan with Buffalo Bill: Charles Eldridge Griffin in Europe. 1903-1906 Masthead Logo The Palimpsest Volume 54 | Number 1 Article 2 1-1-1973 An Iowan with Buffalo Bill: Charles Eldridge Griffin inur E ope. 1903-1906 H Roger Grant Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.uiowa.edu/palimpsest Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Grant, H R. "An Iowan with Buffalo iB ll: Charles Eldridge Griffin inur E ope. 1903-1906." The Palimpsest 54 (1973), 2-13. Available at: https://ir.uiowa.edu/palimpsest/vol54/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the State Historical Society of Iowa at Iowa Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in The alP impsest by an authorized administrator of Iowa Research Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 2 Palimpsest the industry by the turn of the century An Iowan with Buffalo and in 1907 the Ringlings took control of Bill: Charles Eldridge the latter two firms.1 2 With the end of frontier conditions in Griffin in Europe, the late nineteenth century, the American public, now nostalgically viewing the In­ 1903-1906 dian as a “noble savage,” and craving the raw excitement of a vanishing phase of by their history, flocked to a new variation H. Roger Grant" of the circus, the Wild West show.“ Unlike the circus, the Wild West show featured scenes and events depicting life in the trans-Mississippi West. The first true Since colonial times Americans have Wild West show appeared in 1882 when enjoyed live entertainment. Troupes of William Frederick Cody, “Buffalo Bill, jugglers, aerialists, acrobats, magicians, launched his “Cowboy Fun” extravaganza and clowns have toured the country just in North Platte, Nebraska. as they have done in Europe since the Born in Scott County, Iowa in 1846, Middle Ages. During the late eighteenth Cody embodied all the romance of the century some of these performers began West.3 In his youth he was a daring pony to join animal trainers to form the circus express rider. Later, he became a profes­ as we now know it. Circuses enjoyed al­ sional hunter supplying buffalo meat to most universal popularity. They were an construction gangs of the Kansas Pacific exciting form of entertainment and as Railroad. He also was a scout and guide Hamlin Garland would later note, “The for the army during several post-Civil circus relieved the dullness of farm life.’ War Indian campaigns. In the 1870 s, In the 1880’s more than fifty circuses however, Cody left the frontier for the operated in America, although most were melodrama stage. A born showman and small and shortlived. By World War I the organizer, Buffalo Bill converted popular number of circuses dropped considerably 1 There are numerous circus histories. The best over-all while their size steadily increased. Just as studies are Earl Chapin May, The Circus from Rome to Ringling (New York: Duffield & Green, 1932) and consolidation movements swept American George L. Chindahl, A History of the Circus in America industry following the great depression of (Caldwell, Ida.: The Caxton Printers, 1959). 2While the complete history of the Wild West show the 1890’s, circus companies, too, banded has not been written, the leading work is Don Russell, The Wild West: A History of the Wild West Shoves together or bought out their principal (Fort Worth: Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, rivals. Ringling Brothers, Barnum & 1970). 3For Buffalo Bill’s own colorful story see Don Russell, Bailey, and Forepaugh-Sells dominated The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill (Norman: Uni­ versity of Oklahoma Press, I960) and William Frederick *The author is indebted to John W. Griffin of Albia Cody, Story of the Wild West and Camp-Fire Chats for supplying material relating to Mr. Griffin’s uncle. (Philadelphia: Historical Publishing Company, 1888). Palimpsest 3 interest in the West into a prosperous 1892, but then did not return to Europe business venture. His new show featured until a decade later. a variety of riding, roping, and shooting Although Buffalo Bill’s troupe is per­ acts along with pageant-like productions haps the best known Wild West show, characterizing Western life: stage coach many others appeared from the late robberies, cavalry-Indian shoot-outs, and eighties well into the twentieth century. buffalo hunts. By 1887 the Cody com­ Pawnee Bill’s Historic Wild West, Col. pany had toured the United States and Zack Mulhall’s Wild West, Dr. E. F. Car­ Europe in an extensive and successful ver’s Wild America, and the Miller Broth­ series of engagements. In fact, Buffalo ers’ 101 Ranch Show were among the Bill and his show continued to visit Eng­ more famous. Like Buffalo Bill’s Wild land and the continent until the fall of West, these shows stressed the colorful and episodic. FOUR YEARS IN EUROPE An Iowan, Charles Eldridge Griffin, WITH was associated with both the circus and BUFFALO BILL the Wild West show during their golden age. Although Griffin was never a central figure in either entertainment form, he authored the only book-length commen­ tary on Buffalo Bill’s second great tour of Europe. Published in Albia, Iowa in 1908 by the Stage Publishing Company, Four Years in Europe with Buffalo Bill is not only a valuable collector’s item (only 500 copies were printed) but pro­ vides useful glimpses into the operations of the show and the attitudes of one troupe member toward a variety of sub­ Br jects. Moreover, Griffin the entertainer CHARLES ELDRIDGE GRIFFIN represents an important social type. His A Descriptive Narrative of the Big American Show’s Successful Tour in Foreign Lands, Illustrated background, activities, and triumphs were With O riginal P hotos i;y the Author. probably typical of hundreds of other per­ 4 é é AIWA. IOWA: formers during the years between the siAGR rmi.isiiiNi; co. 1ÎH>S. Civil War and World War I. Griffin was born on June 16, 1859 in St. Joseph, Missouri. When a child, his The title page of Four Years in Europe. Most of the photographs which accompany this article are from family moved to Albia, the seat of Monroe Griffins book. County. Here Griffin’s father, John W. H. 4 Palimpsest i Griffin, served as Monroe County sup­ he left Peter and Lewis Sells to become a erintendent of schools and later as county* member of the newly formed Hurlburt & clerk of courts. Charles’ mother, Fanny, Hunting Circus in New York City, later quickly became known for her musical known as Bob Hunting’s New York Cir­ abilities, particularly organ playing. Tal­ cus. Griffin stayed with Hunting for ent, however, was not limited solely to twelve seasons. Here he owned and op­ Mrs. Griffin. In time Charles and three erated the side show, and in 1898 he held other Griffin children, Frank, Fred, and a similar position with Frank A. Robbin’s Lucia B., gained a degree of fame for Circus. their special abilities. Frank and Fred In the 1890’s Griffin began writing and joined Charles in the circus business and publishing side-show books and pamph­ Lucia B. became a popular platform lets. While never best sellers, his works speaker. All of the Griffins were known were read widely by fellow entertainers for their extroverted personalities. and starry-eyed youngsters who hoped to Although information concerning leave home for an exciting life with the Charles Griffin’s early show business circus. In all, Griffin penned fourteen career is tantalizingly obscure, it is known specialty publications, including Griffins that as a sixteen year-old he toured coun­ Book of Wonders: A Description of Vari­ try school houses, town halls, and county ous Acts, Strange Phenomena, Illusions, fairs with his own “one man valise troupe.” be, Taught at the Griffin Conjuring Col­ In all probability it was here that young lege; How to Charm Snakes; Satan s Sup­ Griffin began to perfect his talents as a per; or Secrets of a Fire King (which magician and ventriloquist. went through nineteen editions); New and In 1881, Griffin, now an established Sure Key to Ventriloquism; and How to Iowa entertainer, joined his first show, Become a Contortionist. After the turn of Hilliard & DeMott’s Circus, as a “magi­ the century he acquired his own publish­ cian and lecturer.” After that company ing house in Albia, the Stage Publishing folded, he traveled to France to become Company, which reprinted earlier works general manager of the Paris Pavilion and published additional titles, including Shows. Next, Griffin, who called himself his well-known Four Years in Europe with The Comic Yankee Conjurer,” joined Btiffalo Bill. Between 1897 and 1901 he Pullman & Mack’s Circus. He stayed with was part owner of the Maquoketa (Iowa) this group for its short existence, 1884 to Weekly Excelsior. 1885. As a sign of his growing popularity Griffin took a giant step professionally and skill, he then affiliated with the na­ after leaving the Robbin’s Circus. In 1899 tionally famous Sells Brothers’ Circus as he became a performer and stage manager a ‘lecturer in side show and featured in for Ringling Brothers side show. Based concert (Fire Act).” In 1886, however, in Baraboo, Wisconsin, the five Ringling 6 Palimpsest “Les Gallerie (le les Phenomen” or the Side Show, Paris, 1906. Brothers had built their circus into a CHARLES ELDRIDGE GRIFFIN, gigantic corporation by the late nineties. The Comic Yankee Conjurer. Little is known about Griffins four years with the Ringlings, except that he enter­ iVho (.* lour >t«r» plrtKd and p eriled Iht Royally ard Peasantry ft Eunpt. tained thousands with his sleight of hand Re-engaged for Season of Hi07 as Manager of Privileges wilh Buifalo Rill's Wild West.
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