A New Record of Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from Korea

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Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol. 6, No. 4 419-422, 2013

http://dx.doi.org/10.7229/jkn.2013.6.4.00419

A New Record of Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from Korea

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*
Jin-Kyung Choi , Jong-Chul Jeong and Jong-Wook Lee

1Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea 2National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Namwon, 590-811, Korea

Abstract: Pristaulacus comptipennis Enderlein, 1912 is redescribed and illustrated based on a recently collected specimen in Korea. With a newly recorded species, P. comptipennis Enderlein, a total of six Korean aulacids are recognized: Aulacus salicius Sun and Sheng, 2007, Pristaulacus insularis Konishi, 1990, P. intermedius Uchida, 1932, P. kostylevi Alekseyev, 1986, P. jirisani Smith and Tripotin, 2011, and P. comptipennis Enderlein, 1912. A key to species of Korean Aulacidae is provided with, redescription and diagnostic characteristics of Pristaulacus

comptipennis.

Keywords: Aulacidae, Pristaulacus comptipennis, new record, Korea

of Yeungnam University (YNU, Gyeongsan, Korea). Also, for identification of Korean Aulacidae, type materials of some species were borrowed from NIBR. Images were obtained using a stereo microscope (Zeiss Stemi SV 11 Apo; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany). The key characters shown in the photographs were produced using a Delta imaging system (i-Delta 2.6; iMTechnology, Daejeon, Korea). The following abbreviations for biometric measurements and collection locality are used: A, antennal flagellomere; OOL, distance between posterior ocellus and eye; POL, distance between posterior ocelli; JN, Jeollanamdo.

Introduction

Family Aulacidae currently includes 244 extant species placed in two genera: Aulacus Jurine, 1807 with 76 species and Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 with 168 species. Members of this family are distributed in all zoogeographic regions except Antarctica (e.g. Benoit 1984; Lee & Turrisi 2008; Smith and Tripotin 2011; Turrisi and Smith 2011). The identity of the family had previously been elusive. Konishi (1990), Mason (1993) and Gauld (1995) recognized Aulacidae as a distinct family in superfamily Evanioidea while some authors (e.g. Rasnitsyn 1988) as a subfamily in Gasteruptiidae. Recently Jennings and Austin (2000) provided the results of cladistics analyses suggesting the monophyly of the family.

Systematic Accounts

Members of Aulacidae are koinobiont endophagous parasitoids of wood-boring Hymenoptera (Xiphydriidae) and Coleoptera (mostly Cerambycidae and Buprestidae) (Skinner & Thompson 1960; Whitfield 1998; Jennings & Austin 2004). In this study, we report a newly recognized species, Pristaulacus comptipennis Enderlein, 1912 from Korea. Redescription, illustrations of the species, and a key to species of Korean Aulacidae are provided.

Key to species of Korean Aulacidae (modified from Smith and Tripotin 2011)

1. Hind tarsal claws simple; occipital carina absent; hind coxa of female with ventro-apical lobe projecting; fore wing with long 2SR+M vein --------- Aulacus salicius
- Hind tarsal claws with 2-4 inner teeth; occipital carina present; hind coxa of female without ventro-apical lobe projecting; fore wing 2SR+M vein short or absent ------------------------------------------------------- 2
2. Occipital margin with a deep groove medially (Fig.
2B); fore wing with wide and irregular brown spots on basal part, below stigma and on apex (Fig. 2F) --------- -------------------------------- Pristaulacus comptipennis
- Occipital margin without a groove medially; fore wing hyaline or with only small dark spot basally ---------- 3
3. Occipital margin sharply indented medially (Smith and Tripotin 2011: 523, Fig. 9); fore wing with small

Materials and Methods

The specimens used for the present study were collected by sweeping, and deposited at the Animal Systematic Laboratory

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +82-53-810-2376; Fax: +82-53-811-2376 E-mail: [email protected]

420 Jin-Kyung Choi, Jong-Chul Jeong and Jong-Wook Lee

Fig. 1. Pristaulacus comptipennis. A. Habitus in lateral view; B. Habitus in dorsal view.

dark spot below stigma --------- Pristaulacus insularis
- Occipital margin straight or slightly concave; fore wing completely hyaline or with large, broad dark band below stigma ---------------------------------------- 4
4. Wings completely hyaline; tarsal claws with 2 inner teeth; pronotum without projecting tooth anteriorly (Smith and Tripotin 2011: 527, Figs. 17, 18, and 22); occipital carina small ----------- Pristaulacus kostylevi
- Fore wing with broad, dark band under stigma, and usually with apex black; tarsal claws with 4 inner teeth; pronotum with or without projecting tooth anteriorly --------------------------------------------------- 5
5. Pronotum without projecting tooth anteriorly; fore wing with dark band below stigma extending about two-thirds width of wing and with small dark spot in basal half; occipital carina narrow, one fifth or less diameter of an ocellus ------------ Pristaulacus jirisani
- Pronotum with projecting tooth anteriorly; fore wing with short dark band below stigma, not more than half width of wing and without dark spot in basal half of wing; occipital carina broad, nearly half diameter of an ocellus --------------------- Pristaulacus intermedius

Pristaulacus comptipennis Enderlein, 1912 (Figs 1 and 2)

Korean name: 날개무늬어리호리벌 (New Korean name) Pristaulacus comptipennis Enderlein, 1912: 265; 1913:

J. ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY

A New Record of Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) from Korea 421

Fig. 2. Pristaulacus comptipennis. A. Head in lateral view; B. Head in dorsal view; C. Head in frontal view; D. Mesosoma in lateral view; E. Mesosoma in dorsal view; F. Wings; G. Hind coxa in ventral view; H. Hind tarsal claws. Scale bars=1 mm (F-G), 0.5 mm (A-E), 0.1 mm (H).

319, 326; Hedicke, 1939: 7; Konishi, 1990: 652; 1991: 564; Smith, 2001: 282; Turrisi, 2007: 28; Turrisi et al., 2009: 56; Turrisi and Smith, 2011: 14.
Head: In dorsal view, 1.33 times wider than long and shiny; occipital margin straight with wide and deep medial groove (Fig. 2B); temple well developed, 0.42 times shorter than eye length, strongly widened posteriorly, and weakly convex; occipital carina wide; POL:OOL=1.14; ocellar area 1.94 times wider than long; antenna length 0.78 times as long as fore wing length; A3 5.83 times longer than wide; A4 5.0 times longer than wide, and 0.94 times shorter than A3; A5 4.4 times longer than wide, and 0.79 times shorter than A3; following antenna flagellomeres progressively shorter, with apex rounded. Mesosoma: Notauli well developed (Fig. 2E); pronotum with anteriorly projecting tooth; mesoscutum rounded in lateral view; scutellum with transverse carina; propodeum with linear spiracle; fore wing without vein 2SR+M (Fig. 2F); hind coxa with fine sculpture and numerous transverse carinae, inner margin of hind coxa simple (Fig. 2G); trochanters shiny; hind basitarsus 12.0 times longer than wide, and 2.0 times longer than tarsomeres 2-5; hind tarsal claw with three well-developed teeth (Fig. 2H).

Material Examined. [Korea] 1 ♂ , JN, Yeosu, Dolsan,

Hyangilam, E127o47'57''N34o35'34'', 1.viii.2008, J.C. Jeong.

REDESCRIPTION.

Male. Body length: 13.2 mm; fore wing length: 9.0 mm. Color: Body mostly black except antennal flagellomeres blackish brown and scape yellowish brown (Fig. 2C); mandible extensively reddish brown, except base and apex blackish brown (Fig. 2C); fore tibia and tarsus brown; mid tibia and tarsus dark brown; wing mainly infuscate with veins and stigma dark brown; fore wing with wide brown spot below stigma and basal area (Fig. 2F); costal cell, basal cell, subbasal cell and subdiscal cell 2 with brown spots; hind wing slightly brown near base; metasoma mostly blackish with first tergite yellow apically, second tergite

  • yellow basally (Fig. 1A).
  • Metasoma: First metasomal segment elongate, moderately

J. ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY

422 Jin-Kyung Choi, Jong-Chul Jeong and Jong-Wook Lee

Aulacidae and Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea). In: Austin AD, Dowton M (eds) Hymenoptera: Evolution, Biodiversity and Biological Control, pp. 154-164. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.

slender, 3.1 times longer than wide; first tergite polished and shiny; tergite 8 with very finely and moderately dense punctures, clasper of male genital capsule with apex obliquely truncated.

Jennings JT, Austin AD. 2004. Biology and host relationships of aulacid and gasteruptiid wasps (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea): a review. In: Rajmohana K, Sudheer K, Girish Kumar P, Santhosh S (eds) Perspectives on Biosystematics and Biodiversity, pp. 187-215. University of Calicut, Kerala, India.
Kieffer JJ. 1912. Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidea, Evaniidae. Das
Tierreich. Verlag von R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin 431 pp.
Konishi K. 1990. A revision of the Aulacidae of Japan (Hymenoptera,
Evanioidea). Japanese Journal of Entomology 58: 637-655.
Konishi K. 1991. New distributional and host records of
Pristaulacus comptipennis (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea, Aulacidae) from Okinawa-honto Is. Japanese Journal of Entomology 59: 564.

Female. Not examined (Body length: 14.2 mm; fore wing length: 10.5 mm; excerpted from Turrisi, 2007: 28). DISTRIBUTION. Korea (new record), China, Japan, Taiwan. HOST. Ceresium elongatum Matsushita, 1993 (Coleoptera; Cerambycidae) (Konishi, 1991). REMARKS. This species is recorded for the first time from Korean insect fauna. It is easily distinguished from other Korean Aulacidae by the presence of a deep median occipital groove.

Lee JW, Turrisi GF. 2008. First record of the family Aulacidae in
Korea (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea). Entomological Research 38: 114-118.

Acknowledgments

Mason WRM. 1993. Superfamilies Evanioidea, Stephanioidea,
Megalyroidea, and Trigonalyoidea. In: Goulet H, Huber JT (eds) Hymenoptera of the world: An Identification Guide to Families, 11, pp. 510-520. Publ. 1894/E. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa.
Skinner ER, Thompson GH. 1960. Film: The Alder Woodwasp and its Insect Enemies. World Educational Films.
Smith DR. 2001. World catalog of the family Aulacidae
(Hymenoptera). Contributions on Entomology., International 4(3): 261-319.
Smith DR, Tripotin P. 2011. Aulacidae (Hymenoptera) of Korea, with notes on their biology. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 113(4): 519-530.
Turrisi GF. 2007. Revesion of the Palaearctic species of Pristaulacus
Kieffer, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae). Zootaxa 1433: 1- 76.
Turrisi GF, Jennings JT, Vilhelmsen L. 2009. Phylogeny and generic concepts of the parasitoid wasp family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea). Invertebrate Systematics 23: 27-59.
Turrisi GF, Smith DR. 2011. Systematic revision and phylogeny of the endemic southeastern Asian Pristaulacus comptipennis species group (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae). Zootaxa 2959:1- 72.
Uchida T. 1932. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Japonischen Aulaciden
(Hym.). Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society 12: 189-193.
Whitfield JB. 1998. Phylogeny and evolution of host-parasitoid interactions in Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology 43: 129-151.

We thank Pierre Tripotin (Mont Saint-Aignan, France) for providing us with the material and references for study and Dr. David R. Smith (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA) for his kind help in the identification. Also, we thank Dr. Choi Won Young (National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon Korea) for providing type specimens used in this study. This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR No. 2013-02-001).

References

Alekseyev VN. 1986. Aulacidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea,
Aulacidae) of the Eastern Siberia and Far East of the USSR 15-18.
Benoit PLG. 1984. Aulacidae, famille nouvelle pour la faune de l’Afrique tropicale (Hymenoptera). Revue de Zoologie Africaine 98: 799-803.
Enderlein G. 1912. H. Sauter’s Formosa-Ausbeute. Braconidae,
Proctotrupidae und Evaniidae (Hym.). Entomologische Mitteilungen 1: 257-267.
Enderlein G. 1913. Die Evaniidenfauna von Formosa. Zoologischer
Anzeiger, 42: 318-327.
Gauld ID. 1995. Aulacidae. In: Hanson PE, Gauld ID (eds) The
Hymenoptera of Costa Rica, p. 893. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Hedicke H. 1939. Aulacidae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus, Pars
10. Verlag Gustav Feller, Neubrandenburg.
Jennings JT, Austin AD. 2000. Higher-level phylogeny of the

Received: 4. Sep 2013 Revised: 9. Nov. 2013 Accepted: 11. Nov. 2013

J. ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY

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    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences 2009 Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana Celia K. Boone Diana Six University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Steven J. Krauth Kenneth F. Raffa Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Boone, Celia K.; Six, Diana; Krauth, Steven J.; and Raffa, Kenneth F., "Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana" (2009). Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications. 33. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs/33 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 172 Assemblage of Hymenoptera arriving at logs colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its microbial symbionts in western Montana Celia K. Boone Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin,
  • Fossil Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Ancient Diversity and the Rise of Modern Lineages

    Fossil Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Ancient Diversity and the Rise of Modern Lineages

    Myrmecological News 24 1-30 Vienna, March 2017 Fossil ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): ancient diversity and the rise of modern lineages Phillip BARDEN Abstract The ant fossil record is summarized with special reference to the earliest ants, first occurrences of modern lineages, and the utility of paleontological data in reconstructing evolutionary history. During the Cretaceous, from approximately 100 to 78 million years ago, only two species are definitively assignable to extant subfamilies – all putative crown group ants from this period are discussed. Among the earliest ants known are unexpectedly diverse and highly social stem- group lineages, however these stem ants do not persist into the Cenozoic. Following the Cretaceous-Paleogene boun- dary, all well preserved ants are assignable to crown Formicidae; the appearance of crown ants in the fossil record is summarized at the subfamilial and generic level. Generally, the taxonomic composition of Cenozoic ant fossil communi- ties mirrors Recent ecosystems with the "big four" subfamilies Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae comprising most faunal abundance. As reviewed by other authors, ants increase in abundance dramatically from the Eocene through the Miocene. Proximate drivers relating to the "rise of the ants" are discussed, as the majority of this increase is due to a handful of highly dominant species. In addition, instances of congruence and conflict with molecular- based divergence estimates are noted, and distinct "ghost" lineages are interpreted. The ant fossil record is a valuable resource comparable to other groups with extensive fossil species: There are approximately as many described fossil ant species as there are fossil dinosaurs. The incorporation of paleontological data into neontological inquiries can only seek to improve the accuracy and scale of generated hypotheses.
  • Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea

    Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea

    Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e8013 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 Taxonomic Paper Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea Natalie Dale-Skey‡, Richard R. Askew§‡, John S. Noyes , Laurence Livermore‡, Gavin R. Broad | ‡ The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom § private address, France, France | The Natural History Museum, London, London, United Kingdom Corresponding author: Gavin R. Broad ([email protected]) Academic editor: Pavel Stoev Received: 02 Feb 2016 | Accepted: 05 May 2016 | Published: 06 Jun 2016 Citation: Dale-Skey N, Askew R, Noyes J, Livermore L, Broad G (2016) Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e8013. doi: 10.3897/ BDJ.4.e8013 Abstract Background A revised checklist of the British and Irish Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea substantially updates the previous comprehensive checklist, dating from 1978. Country level data (i.e. occurrence in England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland and the Isle of Man) is reported where known. New information A total of 1754 British and Irish Chalcidoidea species represents a 22% increase on the number of British species known in 1978. Keywords Chalcidoidea, Mymarommatoidea, fauna. © Dale-Skey N et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2 Dale-Skey N et al. Introduction This paper continues the series of checklists of the Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland, starting with Broad and Livermore (2014a), Broad and Livermore (2014b) and Liston et al.
  • Studies on the Ichneumonidae of New England (Hymenoptera)

    Studies on the Ichneumonidae of New England (Hymenoptera)

    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1938 Studies on the Ichneumonidae of New England (Hymenoptera). Harry D. Pratt University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Pratt, Harry D., "Studies on the Ichneumonidae of New England (Hymenoptera)." (1938). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 2761. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2761 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Studies on the Ichneuraonidae of New England (Hymenoptera); Part I The External Morphology of Arotes Amoenus Cresson Part II A Study of the Subfamily Ichneumoninae Harry D. Pratt t .*'j Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science Massachusetts State College Amherst 1938 \ / * Part I The External Morphology df -Al?dt:egJafnjg>ehud Cresson i 1938 SEP'20 Page Introduction ....... I The Hoad .............•*.••.«•••• 4 Head Capsule .......... 4 Appendage® of the Head .. 14 Neck or Cervix .... 22 Thorax 24 prothorax ... 24 Mesothorax *.......... 25 Meta thorax ....... 28 The Wings «». ..... 50 Fore Wings ...... 51 Hind Wings «.... 37 Pteralla of the Fore ring *..*.*... 40 Pteralia of the Hind Wing ... 48 Colls of tho Wing® .... 45 The Legs ...... 45 The Abdomen ........ 49 Femal a