A Statistical Model for Hangeul-Hanja Conversion in Terminology Domain
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PARK JIN HYOK, Also Known As ("Aka") "Jin Hyok Park," Aka "Pak Jin Hek," Case Fl·J 18 - 1 4 79
AO 91 (Rev. 11/11) Criminal Complaint UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the RLED Central District of California CLERK U.S. DIS RICT United States ofAmerica JUN - 8 ?018 [ --- .. ~- ·~".... ~-~,..,. v. CENT\:y'\ l i\:,: ffl1G1 OF__ CAUFORN! BY .·-. ....-~- - ____D=E--..... PARK JIN HYOK, also known as ("aka") "Jin Hyok Park," aka "Pak Jin Hek," Case fl·J 18 - 1 4 79 Defendant. CRIMINAL COMPLAINT I, the complainant in this case, state that the following is true to the best ofmy knowledge and belief. Beginning no later than September 2, 2014 and continuing through at least August 3, 2017, in the county ofLos Angeles in the Central District of California, the defendant violated: Code Section Offense Description 18 U.S.C. § 371 Conspiracy 18 u.s.c. § 1349 Conspiracy to Commit Wire Fraud This criminal complaint is based on these facts: Please see attached affidavit. IBJ Continued on the attached sheet. Isl Complainant's signature Nathan P. Shields, Special Agent, FBI Printed name and title Sworn to before ~e and signed in my presence. Date: ROZELLA A OLIVER Judge's signature City and state: Los Angeles, California Hon. Rozella A. Oliver, U.S. Magistrate Judge Printed name and title -:"'~~ ,4G'L--- A-SA AUSAs: Stephanie S. Christensen, x3756; Anthony J. Lewis, x1786; & Anil J. Antony, x6579 REC: Detention Contents I. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................1 II. PURPOSE OF AFFIDAVIT ......................................................................1 III. SUMMARY................................................................................................3 -
Democratic People's Republic of Korea INDIVIDUALS
CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK Last Updated:21/01/2021 Status: Asset Freeze Targets REGIME: Democratic People's Republic of Korea INDIVIDUALS 1. Name 6: AN 1: JONG 2: HYUK 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. Title: Diplomat DOB: 14/03/1970. a.k.a: AN, Jong, Hyok Nationality: Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) Passport Details: 563410155 Address: Egypt.Position: Diplomat DPRK Embassy Egypt Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DPR0001 Date designated on UK Sanctions List: 31/12/2020 (Further Identifiying Information):Associations with Green Pine Corporation and DPRK Embassy Egypt (UK Statement of Reasons):Representative of Saeng Pil Trading Corporation, an alias of Green Pine Associated Corporation, and DPRK diplomat in Egypt.Green Pine has been designated by the UN for activities including breach of the UN arms embargo.An Jong Hyuk was authorised to conduct all types of business on behalf of Saeng Pil, including signing and implementing contracts and banking business.The company specialises in the construction of naval vessels and the design, fabrication and installation of electronic communication and marine navigation equipment. (Gender):Male Listed on: 22/01/2018 Last Updated: 31/12/2020 Group ID: 13590. 2. Name 6: BONG 1: PAEK 2: SE 3: n/a 4: n/a 5: n/a. DOB: 21/03/1938. Nationality: Democratic People's Republic of Korea Position: Former Chairman of the Second Economic Committee,Former member of the National Defense Commission,Former Vice Director of Munitions Industry Department (MID) Other Information: (UK Sanctions List Ref):DPR0251 (UN Ref): KPi.048 (Further Identifiying Information):Paek Se Bong is a former Chairman of the Second Economic Committee, a former member of the National Defense Commission, and a former Vice Director of Munitions Industry Department (MID) Listed on: 05/06/2017 Last Updated: 31/12/2020 Group ID: 13478. -
Emplacing Dizang Bodhisattva on Mt. Jiuhua with Local Dramas During the Late Imperial and Republican Eras (1368–1949)
Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies (2020, 33: 49–75) New Taipei: Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies 中華佛學學報 第三十三期 頁 49–75(民國一百零九年)新北:中華佛學研究所 ISSN: 2313-2000 e-ISSN: 2313-2019 Emplacing Dizang Bodhisattva on Mt. Jiuhua with Local Dramas during the Late Imperial and Republican Eras (1368–1949) Nan Ouyang Postdoctoral Fellow, Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore Abstract This article focuses on local dramas of late imperial China that speak to the conflation of Dizang Bodhisattva and Jin Dizang who is a prince-turned-monk from Silla and identified as the earthly incarnation of Dizang on Mt. Jiuhua. Drawing on local legends of Jin that evolved after the Tang period, the article selects four one-act plays that feature Jin to examine how local legends were adapted into the scripts by looking into the storylines, characters, language styles, and place-names associated with Mt. Jiuhua. It also investigates the similarities between these one-act plays and well-known acts of a typical Mulian drama, while taking into account the performative context of those plays in relation to the Dizang cult. It shows that the playwrights vigorously assimilated local religious dynamics in their creation of an onstage persona of Jin as an ascetic Buddhist monk. Lastly, the article discusses the distinctive strategies by which the four plays promoted the Dizang cult on Mt. Jiuhua, analyzes gender issues in the scripts, and further illustrates the dynamics between religion and performative literatures such as local drama. Keywords: local -
Silla Korea and the Silk Road: Golden Age, Golden Threads Korea Society
SillaSilla KoreaKorea andand thethe SilkSilk Road:Road: GoldenGolden Age,Age, GoldenGolden ThreadsThreads AA lessonlesson bookbook forfor worldworld history,history, worldworld geographygeography andand AsianAsian studiesstudies classesclasses (published(published byby TheThe KoreaKorea Society)Society) AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments The Friends of The Korea Society The Freeman Foundation The Academy of Korean Studies The Organizations and Individudualsals who provided images Project Director: Yong Jin Choi Consultants: Jong-wook Lee, Bangryong Park, Richard D. McBride II, Gari Ledyard and Ned Shultz Curriculum Writers: Marjorie Wall Bingham and Yong Jin Choi Editor: Frederick F. Carriere Editorial Assistants: Rebecca Brabant, Grace Chon and Delmas Hare Mini-Lesson Writer: Ane Lintevedt Graphic and Book Designer: Seho Kim Power Point Presentation: Mary Connor and Yong Jin Choi ObjectivesObjectives ofof thethe SillaSilla KoreaKorea andand thethe SilkSilk RoadRoad LessonLesson BookBook ExpandExpand thethe viewview ofof thethe SilkSilk Road,Road, internationalinternational trade,trade, andand culturalcultural exchangeexchange foundfound inin mostmost worldworld historyhistory textbookstextbooks andand classes.classes. UpdateUpdate maps,maps, timelinestimelines andand descriptionsdescriptions ofof thethe SilkSilk Road,Road, includingincluding Korea’sKorea’s integralintegral involvementinvolvement inin thethe SilkSilk RoadRoad tradetrade andand thethe transmissiontransmission ofof SilkSilk RoadRoad ideasideas andand goodsgoods -
Names of Chinese People in Singapore
101 Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 7.1 (2011): 101-133 DOI: 10.2478/v10016-011-0005-6 Lee Cher Leng Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore ETHNOGRAPHY OF SINGAPORE CHINESE NAMES: RACE, RELIGION, AND REPRESENTATION Abstract Singapore Chinese is part of the Chinese Diaspora.This research shows how Singapore Chinese names reflect the Chinese naming tradition of surnames and generation names, as well as Straits Chinese influence. The names also reflect the beliefs and religion of Singapore Chinese. More significantly, a change of identity and representation is reflected in the names of earlier settlers and Singapore Chinese today. This paper aims to show the general naming traditions of Chinese in Singapore as well as a change in ideology and trends due to globalization. Keywords Singapore, Chinese, names, identity, beliefs, globalization. 1. Introduction When parents choose a name for a child, the name necessarily reflects their thoughts and aspirations with regards to the child. These thoughts and aspirations are shaped by the historical, social, cultural or spiritual setting of the time and place they are living in whether or not they are aware of them. Thus, the study of names is an important window through which one could view how these parents prefer their children to be perceived by society at large, according to the identities, roles, values, hierarchies or expectations constructed within a social space. Goodenough explains this culturally driven context of names and naming practices: Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore The Shaw Foundation Building, Block AS7, Level 5 5 Arts Link, Singapore 117570 e-mail: [email protected] 102 Lee Cher Leng Ethnography of Singapore Chinese Names: Race, Religion, and Representation Different naming and address customs necessarily select different things about the self for communication and consequent emphasis. -
Seo Hui's Compromise and Demands for the Goryeo Dynasty
Territorial Diplomacy: Seo Hui's Compromise and Demands for the Goryeo Dynasty Jungmin Bae, Jin Young Kim, Do Hyun Choi, Sunyoung Hwang, Andrew Chanho Kim Senior Division Group Performance Process Paper: 477 words The brilliant diplomacy demonstrated by Seo Hui, a civil servant during the Goryeo dynasty, when dealing with the Khitans in 993 C.E. is literally a textbook case of “conflict and compromise”—many Korean history textbooks include the famous story of how Seo Hui averted war with the Khitans and expanded his country’s territory with only his wits. The compromise he engineered in the face of serious conflict is still praised as a solution that effectively solved the problem at hand by accurately assessing the geopolitical situation of that time. Although we knew Seo Hui’s territorial diplomacy would be a good topic for this year’s National History Day, we had significant difficulty finding primary sources to corroborate our performance. We were puzzled at the dearth of original documents dating back to the Goryeo dynasty, as most of us had expected detailed records like The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, which were written during the dynasty which succeeded Goryeo. Through research, we learned that the lack of primary documents from the Goryeo era could be attributed to the Japanese Invasions of Korea(1592-1598) during which Goryeo documents were destroyed. However, we were luckily able to gain access to online versions of Goryeosa and Goryeosajeolyo, historical records of Goryeo written during the Joseon dynasty. Although these are secondary sources, they were written before Goryeo records were lost, thus ensuring their accuracy. -
Manchuria from the Fall of the Yuan to the Rise of the Manchu State (1368-1636)
137 Manchuria from the Fall of the Yuan to the Rise of the Manchu State (1368-1636) Aisin Gioro Ulhicun and Jin Shi 1 peoples and cultures of Manchuria In the non-Chinese materials, the word “Jurchen” was firstly recorded in the Aice of the Liao emperor Daozong. In the Khitai small scripts, it was pronounced as “julisen”. In the Nüzhen yiyu compiled by Siyiguan (the Bureau of Translations) of the Ming dynasty in the early fifteenth century, it was “jushen” in pronunciation. In the Yongningsi inscription inscribed in 1413, the pronunciation of the Jurchen scripts was jushe. In the Jiumanzhoudang edited in the early seventeenth century, the Manchu scripts were written as jushen or jusen. By comparison, it is evident that the second syllable in “Julsen” is only a foot consonant “l”. The fact that Nüzhen and Nüzhi were interchangeable in Chinese materials has been usually accounted for that the latter was employed as the taboo against using the name of the Liao emperor Xingzong whose name was Zongzhen. But according to julisen in Khitai small scripts and the coexistence of jushen, jushe in Jurchen scripts in the Ming era, Nüzhi was not coined for the sake of taboo, but a reflection of the uncertainty of the consonant “n” in transliteration. In the epitaphs written in Khitai small scripts, the terminal consonant “n” in the tribe names are sometimes kept and sometimes omitted. For example, the word Kithai was written both as kita-i and kita- in. From the Jurchen stone inscription in the Jin era, it could be found dialect differences in the Jurchen language in the Jin era, which still existed in the Ming era. -
A Comparison of the Korean and Japanese Approaches to Foreign Family Names
15 A Comparison of the Korean and Japanese Approaches to Foreign Family Names JIN Guanglin* Abstract There are many foreign family names in Korean and Japanese genealogies. This paper is especially focused on the fact that out of approximately 280 Korean family names, roughly half are of foreign origin, and that out of those foreign family names, the majority trace their beginnings to China. In Japan, the Newly Edited Register of Family Names (新撰姓氏錄), published in 815, records that out of 1,182 aristocratic clans in the capital and its surroundings, 326 clans—approximately one-third—originated from China and Korea. Does the prevalence of foreign family names reflect migration from China to Korea, and from China and Korea to Japan? Or is it perhaps a result of Korean Sinophilia (慕華思想) and Japanese admiration for Korean and Chinese cultures? Or could there be an entirely distinct explanation? First I discuss premodern Korean and ancient Japanese foreign family names, and then I examine the formation and characteristics of these family names. Next I analyze how migration from China to Korea, as well as from China and Korea to Japan, occurred in their historical contexts. Through these studies, I derive answers to the above-mentioned questions. Key words: family names (surnames), Chinese-style family names, cultural diffusion and adoption, migration, Sinophilia in traditional Korea and Japan 1 Foreign Family Names in Premodern Korea The precise number of Korean family names varies by record. The Geography Annals of King Sejong (世宗實錄地理志, 1454), the first systematic register of Korean family names, records 265 family names, but the Survey of the Geography of Korea (東國輿地勝覽, 1486) records 277. -
A Guide to Names and Naming Practices
March 2006 AA GGUUIIDDEE TTOO NN AAMMEESS AANNDD NNAAMMIINNGG PPRRAACCTTIICCEESS This guide has been produced by the United Kingdom to aid with difficulties that are commonly encountered with names from around the globe. Interpol believes that member countries may find this guide useful when dealing with names from unfamiliar countries or regions. Interpol is keen to provide feedback to the authors and at the same time develop this guidance further for Interpol member countries to work towards standardisation for translation, data transmission and data entry. The General Secretariat encourages all member countries to take advantage of this document and provide feedback and, if necessary, updates or corrections in order to have the most up to date and accurate document possible. A GUIDE TO NAMES AND NAMING PRACTICES 1. Names are a valuable source of information. They can indicate gender, marital status, birthplace, nationality, ethnicity, religion, and position within a family or even within a society. However, naming practices vary enormously across the globe. The aim of this guide is to identify the knowledge that can be gained from names about their holders and to help overcome difficulties that are commonly encountered with names of foreign origin. 2. The sections of the guide are governed by nationality and/or ethnicity, depending on the influencing factor upon the naming practice, such as religion, language or geography. Inevitably, this guide is not exhaustive and any feedback or suggestions for additional sections will be welcomed. How to use this guide 4. Each section offers structured guidance on the following: a. typical components of a name: e.g. -
SILLA KOREA and the SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 the Korea Society All Rights Reserved
SILLA KOREA AND THE SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 The Korea Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without written permission from the publisher except in the context of reviews. ISBN # 0-9729704-1-X Project director: Yong Jin Choi Consultants: Jong-wook Lee, Bangryong Park, Richard D. McBride, II, Gari Ledyard and Ned Shultz Curriculum writers: Marjorie Wall Bingham and Yong Jin Choi Editor: Frederick F. Carriere Editorial assistants: Rebecca Brabant, Grace Chon, Delmas Hare, Jennifer Kim and Louis Wittig Mini lesson writer: Ane Lintvedt Graphic designer/ Illustrator: Seho Kim Book design: Seho Kim (Cover) Gold crown ornament from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Back cover) Gold crown from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Right page) Photo caption and credit– Sword hilt, gold, Silla period; 5th–6th century Reproduced by permission of the Samsung Foundation of Culture. Grateful acknowledgement is made to the friends of The Korea Society, The Freeman Foundation and The Academy of Korean Studies for their support. We also are grateful to the organiza- tions and individuals who provided images for this publication. This publication has been made possible by the generous fi- nancial support of the northeast asian history foundation. Table of Contents Introduction iv I. Was Silla Part of the Silk Road? A. WHY STUDY SILLA? A CASE STUDY IN CREATIVITY Handout 1 1 B. A COMPARATIVE TIMELINE Handout 2 8 C. -
Rhetoric and Reality of the Tribute System: Interstate Relations in the 10 Th -11 Th Century East Asia Peter Yun (Youngsan University)
1 Rhetoric and Reality of the Tribute System: Interstate Relations in the 10 th -11 th Century East Asia Peter Yun (Youngsan University) I. Rhetoric and Reality of the “Tribute System” Chinese states in the premodern period approached interstate relations in terms of the so called tribute system. By the Han dynasty, the tribute system was “a continuous quest on the part of the Chinese empire for a proper form in which Sino-foreign relations could be regulated in keeping with the general imperial order” (Yü 1967, 39), and “the Chinese had begun to believe that the tributary relationship was the only normal one which did not conflict with their view of the known world” (Wang 1968, 41). It has also been asserted that China’s size, culture, power, and wealth would induce foreign people to voluntarily accept inferior status and seek recognition as “tributaries” in the hierarchical “Chinese World Order.” Indeed, the conduct of regular interstate exchanges in traditional East Asia utilized mostly Chinese [or Confucian] in concept, ritual, and rhetoric. The tribute system model has been useful in providing its basic features in theory and practice, and in understanding how such a system had become so deeply embedded in premodern Chinese political ideology. However, there have been efforts to rethink the model on both empirical and conceptual grounds. The Chinese superiority in the East Asian World Order was not based on its “cultural advancement” but had to be demonstrated through economic wealth and military power. The Han Chinese states often did not dominate surrounding states and peoples, and at times parts or all of China fell under the direct rule of foreign peoples. -
The Baekje Historic Areas As Cultural Landscapes 12 38
K O R E A N HERITAGE 가을 autumn 2015 | Vol. 8 No. 3 가을 AUTUMN 2015 Vol. 8 No. 3 Vol. ISSN 2005-0151 KOREAN HERITAGE Quarterly Magazine of the Cultural Heritage Administration KOREAN HERITAGE 가을 AUTUMN 2015 On the Cover This Five-story Stone Pagoda at Jeongnimsa Temple Site (National Treasure No. 9) is part of the recently inscribed Baekje Historic Areas World Heritage Site. The five-tired body stands erect on its low, narrow foundation stone. The entasis expressed in the stone pillars of the first tier and the thin raised manifestations of the roofs are features borrowed by this stone pagoda from the preceding wooden examples. It does not simply mimic timber architecture, however, but creatively applies these elements to engender an aesthetic and solemn posture. Alongside the Stone Pagoda of Mireuksa Temple Site (National Treasure No. 11), this is one of only two stone pagodas remaining from Baekje. The images shown on the back are some of the artifacts excavated from the Baekje Historic Ar- eas: from the left, a sarira reliquary from the stone pagoda of Mireuksa Temple Site, the Stone Guardian from the Tomb of King Muryeong (National Treasure No. 162), the Gold Diadem Ornaments of the Queen Consort of King Muryeong (National Treasure No. 155), and the Great Gilt-bronze Incense Burner of Baekje (National Treasure No. 287). KOREAN HERITAGE is also available on the website (http://English.cha.go.kr) and smart devices. 04 | 05 CONTENTS Korean Heritage in Focus The Young Guardians of World Heritage Program 04 47 Korean Heritage for the World