1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4795 The PRESIDING OFFICER

Just compen· Just compen· Vessel Court citation Owner's claim sation deter- . sation deter­ mined by WSA mined by court

Alaskan. ______• ____ _ American-Hawaiian Steamship Co. v. United States, Southern District of New York, No. 1$1,350, 000. 00 2 $776, 003. 00 a $983, 250. 00 A 133-397, decided Jan. 21, 1949; 85 F. Supp. 815 (D. C. N. Y. 1949). Cheerio ______. ______Shain E. Baitary v. United-States, eastern district of South Carolina, Civil Action No. 1138, 14, 400. 00 11, 500. 00 14, 400. 00 decided Nov. 28, 1944. ' Dona Aurora ______De La Rama Steamship Co. v. United States, southern district of New York, No. A 134-158, 1, 960, 000. 00 ' 1, 333, 333. 33 2, 082, 000. 00 decided July 27, 1950. Elna. ------Ramselius v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 48538, decided May 19, 1950: Value·------6 6147, 700. 00 2 6 188, 025. 00 Charter hire ______------______-----______------______7 49, 512. 04 8 139, 138. 50 Gene. __ ------­ Kendall v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 46199, decided Apr. 7, 1947; 108 Ct. Cls. 497 50, 000. 00 15, 000. 00 25, 000. 00 (1947). Geoanna. ------Seven-up Bottling Co. v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 45868, decided Dec. 2, 1946; 107 175, 000. 00 20, 000. 00 30, 000. 00 Ct. Cls. 402 (1946); cert. den. 332 U. S. 757 (1947). George Washington ______Eastern Steamship Lines v. United States, Circuit Court of Appeals, First Circuit, No. 4366, decided Dec. 31, 1948; 171 F. (2d) 589 (C. C. A., 1st, 1948)------1, 739, 872. 00 667, 500. 00 l, 100, 000. ()() Governor Cobb ______Trailerships, Inc. v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 45923, decided Apr. 1, 1946; 106 Ct. Cls. 215 (1946) _____ . ------.. _------. _------_------600, 000. 00 100, 000. 00 125, 000. ()() Hourless. ----___ •••••••• -••••• -- Wilson v. United States, District Court, Massachusetts, No. 2237, 0. A. decided Nov. 12, 1943 .•.. -. ------· ------. ------· ------12, 500. 00 4, 000. 00 4, 000. 00 International. ______Smith-Douglas, Inc. v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 46289, decided Dec. 6, 1948; 81 F. Supp. 215 (1948) •.... __ ...... __ ... __ --.... __ ---_. __ .... ______---_------. ----___ ... . 586, 592.05 8 236, 018. 78 10 11 290, 000. 00 MacArthur------____ _ Richard S. Cors v. United &ates, Court of Claims, No. 46796, decided Jan. 5, 1948; 110 Ct. Cls. 66 (1948); 337 U S. 325 (1949) ______20,000.00 9,000.00 15, 500.00 Commissioner's Report, July 12, 1950 (rehearing). Maitland No. L------Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Nav. Co. v. U.S., Court of Claims, No. 46435, decided Dec. 6, 1948; 112 Ct. Cls. 240 (1948); 338 U.S. 396 (1949); 116 Ct. Cls. -; 1950 A. M. C. 681.. ______766, 128. 00 72, 500.00 u 142, 500. 00 Mariner.• ______----·------__ _ Charles Zubik v. United States, Western District, Pennsylvania, No. 2815, decided June 22, 15, 000. 00 7,000.00 IO, 000.00 1945; 61 F. Supp. 4 (W. D. Penn. 1945). Mary Kay_------Hugo Menke v. United States, Northern District, California, No. 22447-R, decided July 21, 17, 000. 00 6, 500.00 6, 500.00 1943. Mayflower ___ ------Broadfoot v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 47091, decided Mar. 7, 1949; 113 Ct. Cls. 280 300, 000. 00 12, 670. 00 30, 000 .. 00 (1949). . Mizpah._------McDonald v. United States, Court of Claims, No. 45876, decided June 5, 1950 ______435, 750. 00 116, 000. 00 175, 000.00 N. G. Arfaras ______John E. Green v. United States, Southern District Florida, No. 818-T, decided July 1945 •... 14, 426. 00 9, 050. 00 11, 500. 00 Norfolk. ___ ------United States v. Buxton Line, 165 F. (2d) 993 (C. C. A. 4th 1948) ______.____ _ 9, 960.00 399. 28 4, 000. 00 Off DutY------Victor F. Sheronas v. United States, District Court, Delaware, Civil Action No. 367, decided 11, 500. 00 5,000.00 6, 000.00 August 1946. P. Kremasco .• ------John E. Green v. United States, Southern District, Florida, No. 819-T, decided July 1945 ___ _ 12, 168. 00 8, 195. 00 9, 500.00 Pacific._------·· Turkington v. United States, 108 Ct. Cls. 571 (1947) ______47, 500.00 11, 500. 00 25, 000.00 President Warfield ______Baltimore Steam Packet Co. v. U.S., 112 Ct. Cls. 469 (1949).------l, 934, 905. 00 525, 000. 00 990, 000. 00 Robert Henjes ______Helen K. Henjes v. United States, 115 Ct. Cls. 264 (1950) ______91, 900. 00 51, 781. 00 60, 000.00 State of Delaware ______Wilson Line, Inc. v. United States, 111 Ct. Cls. 764 (1948) ______642, 068. 00 275, 000. 00 488, 400. 00 State of Maryland ______Baltimore Steam Packet Co. v. United States, 112 Ct. Cls. 448 (1949) ______1, 448, 000. 00 400, 000. 00 800,000.00 State of Virginia ______Baltimore Steam Packet Co. v. United States, 112 Ct. Cls. 433 (1949) ______1, 498, 000. 00 400, 000. 00 825, 000.00 Stella Maris------Brunson v. United States, Southern District, California, No. 3659, O'C Civ;J, decided Oct. 30, 22, 000. 00 13, 500. 00 15, 000. 00 1944. Virginia.------__ . ____ .------National Bulk Carriers, Inc. v. United States, 169 F. (2d) 943 (C. C. A., 3d 1948)______3, 800, 000. 00 2, 100, 339. 04 3, 584, 000. 00 William C. McTarnaban .....•• National Bulk Carriers, Inc. v. United States, 82 F. Supp. 495 (D. C. Del.1949) ______.,;_____ 2, 612, 696. 04 1, 619, 591. 07 2, 273, 502. 61 Yorktown ______.•.. Baltimore Steam Packet Co. v. United States, 112 Ct. Cls. 458 (1949)______1, 231i, 100. 00 425, 000. 00 815, 000. 00 Zoric •• ------Robert Capoit v. United States, Eastern District of Louisiana, No. CA 667, decided May 11, 15, 625. 00 7, 500. 00 15, 000. 00 1945. Total.._----•• ------______-----______-----______------______9, 436, 092. 54 15, 282, 216.11

1 $130 per dead-weight ton. 2 $75 per dead-weight ton. a $95 per dead-weight ton. 4 No determination made. This figure is based on amount paid on account. 6 WSA determination was based on a dead weight of 2,082 tons; the court's on a dead weight of 2,507 tons. 6 $71 per dead-weight ton. 1 $1.25 per dead-weight ton. s $3 per dead-weight ton. o $54 per dead-weight ton. . 10 The Commissioner found that the value of the vessel as of September 1939 was $88,800 or $18 per dead-weight ton. 11 $66 per dead-weight ton. 12 The court originally determined $161,833.72 but on rehearing reduced the amount to $142,500. NoTE.-The court's determinations in the 31 cases amounted to 161.95 percent of Administrator's determinations. Mr. JONAS. Mr. Chairman, will the spect the great ability of the legal fra­ I have asked the Commission myself gentleman yield? ternity here and I want to see the courts what they would do with respect to con­ Mr. BONNER. I yield to the gentle­ sustained and so forth. The gentleman tracts already made. You gentlemen man from Illinois. can examine this himself. The Court of who are attorneys know mo:re about con­ Mr. JONAS. Is the gentleman able Claims I imagine. tracts than I do. But certainly a con­ to tell from his memoranda there what Mr. JONAS. I thought the gentleman tract with the Government is a pretty court made the award? Was it the Court might have that knowledge. sacred sort of thing, I would think, of Claims or was it another court? Mr. BONNER. I will say, since the stronger than any contract with an indi­ Mr. BONNER. I do not happen to gentleman asked me that question, if vidual in all probability. The Govern­ be a lawyer. I am one of the few laymen that p:rovision in this bill becomes law it ment is going to have an awful job get­ in this body and I am proud of it. I re- will be a heyday for the lawyers because ~ing away from tl:).ese contracts. 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4819 Mr. JONAS. With reference to the grain aid to India, we are suffering ment is fcund on page 45 at line 12 of gentleman's statement about the -possi­ added serious damage to our position the bill and is the provision which limits bility of the lawyers having a heyday, as there which might well prove to be irre­ the number of voyages during any one the gen~leman probably recalls he and I parable. year. In that connection I was very served on the same committee together What is said to deter certain Members much concerned because I thought the and took up this subject matter. If there is what Mr. Nehru says about his position language which was originally proposed is to be a heyday, judging from what lit­ between the east and the west. Well, almost indicated that the committee did tle knowledge I gained in serving on that I think we know enough about political not wish to have additional shipping committee, by the action of the Maritime life in this House so that we can cut concerns come under the subsidy pro­ Commission it is merely switching the through political situations like that in gram. - I submitted language to the gen­ heyday away from the Maritime Com­ India and get at the heart of the reason tleman from Texas that might change mission and putting it in the hands of for this measure, and that is that this that apparent indication. He was good the legal profession, neither of which aid to India must come as a good will enough to include in the proviso which appeals to me very much. gesture from one democracy to another, is in the bill one of the phrases which I Mr. I.JONNER. The gentleman ren­ regardless of who heads it. Let us re­ suggested to him, and I think it does dered distinguis11ed service on the com­ member, too, that the measure is now definitely show that it is not the inten­ mittee, and his feelings and my feelings before us as a repayable loan and that tion that this subsidy program should are not so far apart, not at all. I re­ India is known for paying her debts. be limited to those who now have sub­ gret and I am sorry that all these things The riots that have taken place in In­ sidies. However, I also submitted lan­ transpired, but I must be charitable dia recently and the enormous advan­ guage which would permit an increase a:ild say that some of the c::.1arges tage which the Communists take from in the number of voyages every year to made against the Maritime Commission, them is at least in material partly due to provide voyages for the new people who which look so awful now, reflect a pic­ the fact that India is not yet getting aid want to get into the industry. He did ture of the time that the contracts and from us in grain, which we have the not agree on this point. His view was the transactions w~re taking place as capability to send them. That is what that the new people should be included against another time when the picture is proving to be so damaging to our posi­ under the provisions for the total num­ is entirely different. tion in the Far East currently. ber of voyages. Well, that led us to the Mr. JONAS. In that respect the gen­ Let us not forget that there are situation in which w~ found ourselves tleman is entirely right. 600,000,000 people in south and southeast this morning. Mr. BONNER. I thank the committee Asia who are not in the Communist Our committee had a meeting, and be­ for the privilege of addressing them, column, and two-thirds of those are in fore it came Mr. ·Gatov, a member of the but I must say that when the bill is read India. Yet, so ~ar, we stay our hands Federal Maritime Board and Assistant for amendment I shall offer an amend­ from aiding these people contrary to the Administrator under Admiral Cochrane. ment which I hope will meet the ap­ great democratic and humanitarian tra­ Mr. Gatov pointed these facts out to us. proval of the committee and the mem­ ditions of the United States, and at the· The shipping operators who are now un­ bership of the House. same time we talk about building up our der the subsidized program have con­ Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield position in Asia. tracts. Most of them, I believe, are 20- 3 minutes to the gentleman from New Competition is what counts in this year contracts, or 10 years, I have for­ York [Mr. JAVITS]. world, as well as other factors, and we gotten. Most of them have 3, 4, or 8 Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Chairman, I ask have competition in respect to giving years more to run. Under those con-· unanimous consent to proceed out of food aid to India, because the Chinese tracts the operators each agree that they order and to revise and extend my re­ Communists and the Soviet Russians are will sail a definite miniml:m number of marks. moving in where we are leaving a vac­ voyages during each year, and. if they The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection uum. They are tr!ring to make their fail to sail those voyages they have brok­ to the request of the gentleman from deals with India today, Communist China en their contracts. New York? for 100,000 tons of rice, and Soviet Rus­ On the other hand, it is agreed that There was no objection. sia for -1,000,000 tons of wheat. And they may sail a maximum number of what kind of deals are they making? GRAIN FOR INDIA voyages, and any number they sail with­ We know that people who are desperate in that maximum the Maritime Admin­ Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Chairman, I am for food will make any kind of deals in istration is bound to pay for. Here is informed, that our distinguished col- order to get them food. The Commu­ where the squeeze comes. If the opera­ ·1eague the gentleman freim Georgia nists will fasten the halter right around tors sail the number of voyages which [Mr. CoxJ said that an effort was being the neck of India if we let them. Russia under their contract they are entitled to made to put something over in respect to is now trying to tie up all the burlap sail, they will use up more than the 1,450 the bill for grain aid to India-giving available in India, and thereby depriving voyages which it is proposed to author­ India and in the present overhanging us of one of - ~he most vital materials in ize. If they do that, there will obviously famine situation there..:::__and that I was the world; anJ let us ask ourselves be no voyages left for assignment to the trying to work out some plan of mirie whether that is going to do us any good other companies which wish to come in. -for another ECA under the guise of that in our own grim struggle against com­ There are some seven applications, I particular bill. munism. believe, that are pending for 48 ships I think the gentleman gives me much No; we _ought to act on this grain for that would sail possibly another 400 too much credit. I happen to be far India bill and it is my deep hope that we voyages. Mr. Gatov said that the Ad­ down in seniority on the Committee on will do so now at long last, promptly. ministration would not create a defi­ Foreign Affairs and not at all the master Mr. PHIL:JIPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield ciency by setting up the voyages for the mind he wants to make me out tu be. 5 minutes to the gentleman from Cali­ new operators, and that if the bill stays Though, I would like very much to be fornia [Mr. ALLEN]. as it is there will be no new lines started. considered as a leader in respect to this Mr. ALLEN of California. Mr. Chair­ I am interested in seeing some new lines India grain bill. Now the reasons why man, I am pleased to follow my distin­ started. I am more familiar with thei this bill has not been brought to a vote guished fellow member of the Merchant Pacific coast situation than any other. as yet have not been much discussed on ·Marine Committee, the ger~tleman from I know that the services to China and the floor and probably the question North Carolina, because I believe that Japan and the Philippines furnished by would not have been raised today had his expe :· ~ence on that committee, his two companies have been very valuable the gentleman not raised it, but it having very fine recollection of the problems in the past few years in carrying the been raised, I think it is very worthy of that have come before it, will give us as commerce that goes across the Pacific the consideration of the House. ·good a basis for judgment as any Mem­ Ocean .. I think that we ought to have ' We today hear speeches about how ber of the House could. I compliment an expanding merchant marine, and _I our position has suffered in Asia; that the him on his views and I share them. think there is no question but that this cause of the free peoples has suffered the · I would like to say at the outset that language will stop it. most damaging blows in Asia, yet we I appreciate the cooperation of the gen­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Chair­ apparently fail to observe that while the tleman from Texas [Mr. THOMAS]. The man, will the gentleman yield? Congress is not taking action on this provision upon which I am going to com- Mr. ALLEN of California. I yield. 4820 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'--HOUSE MAY 3 - Mr. MILLER of California. In that or conveniences except a temporary can· Tropical Tuna Corµmission. That particular field, is it not true that these stairway installed through the hatch Commission -was ratified by .the other companies have had to go out there and cover, through which there was some body ill' 1949, and then it set out its pre­ practically reestablish the business that ventilation and on which they . could liminary steps in organization. Explor­ was completely destroyed during the reach the open deck. It :s not surprising atory work in developing the biological war? that I should favor the maintenance of a facts about tuna is particularly needed . . Mr. ALLEN of California. That is ex­ reasonable number of fairly good ships In our :t>articular fishing industry we do actly correct. The operators are, in the · during peacetime in order that they not use the seine operation, but we em- . main, new people. There is another might be available to give reasonable ploy large boats, some as long as this problem that goes with this. Our sub­ comfort and safety to the men and ma­ room. They ply 6,000 miles south of sidy program requires that the shipping terials which are carried in them during California, off the coast of South and companies use American labor, which is wartime. Central America. They churn the wa­ accustomed to a higher standard of liv­ An operating subsidy in the shipping ters with small bait, and when the tuna ing than foreign labor. It requires that business is not a guaranty of profits. On arrives to take the bait they catch the repairs be made in American yards, the contrary, an operator who makes an tuna with hooks. They do not have where the same situation applies to the unreasonable profit finds th~ excess ap­ much trouble with Latin-American gov­ standards of American shipyard labor. plied in reduction of the subsidy. Our ernments so far as actually catching the If we do not have our ships running, we laws properly require the use of American tuna because they are several hundred do not have our shipyards operating to labor on American ships and that repairs miles off the coast. But in order to get take care of them. be made in American shipyards. All but bait to chum the tuna with, these boats I was rather astounded to learn the · a minor part of the subsidy involved is to have to put into the coastal waters of figures from a letter recently received offset the disparity between the cost of ·the South and Central American coun­ concerning the shipyards on San Fran­ American labor as against foreign labor tries. In doing so they often run into cisco Bay. On April 19, 1951, in the three with regard to the wages, subsistence, complications with these governments. yards which have survived the war, repairs and maintenance of . the ships These governments fear our industries there were 2,250 men employed. A year that are subsidized. might take their natural resources, and, ago, on July 1, roughly when the Ko­ I hope that the language of the pro­ while they do not need them .today, in rean incident broke out, · there were viso, which is found on page 45 at line some future time they may want . this about 6,600. There has been a decrease 12 of the bill, will be stricken from it bait fish, and therefore they resent our of 65.91 percent during that intervening by amendment. American boats coming in. As a result period. Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Chairman, I they have set up a high tax on fishing To show what we need in emergency yield to the gentleman from California rights in those waters. times during World . War II, for exam­ [Mr. McKINNON]. Our industry men have negotiated ple, the three yards employed some­ Mr. McKINNON. Mr. Chairman, I ask from time to time with these govern­ thing over 63,000. There has been a 96- unanimous consent to revise and extend ments, but it has been impossible to. plus percent drop-off. · If we include the my remarks and also that I may speak arrive at satisfactory long-term agree .. · temporary war-industry yards, Kaiser out of order. ments. We need a larger scope of cov .. and Marin Ship, and so forth, we now The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection erage-one that can only be encom­ have something like 1 percent of the to the request of the gentleman from passed by government-to-government men working now that we needed dur­ California? · discussions and cooperative explorative ing the war period. There was no objection. methods on the habits of the tuna and .I know something about the shortage Mr. McKINNON. Mr. Chairman, yes­ the bait fish. of ships. Let me give you two or three terday during the course of the debate I would like to point out to you that examples. We had a tramp fleet about our friend and colleague the distin­ this industry represents a big factor in 2 years ago consisting of about 1,100 guished gentleman from Virginia CMr. our economy on the West Coast. Last American ships, which was an extraor­ SMITH] in talking about his amendment year, for instance, 11,000,000 cases of dinary number, but which was required made reference to the love life of a tuna. tuna were consumed, which represents at that time to carry our commerce. I know oftentimes when you get into an average of ·3 Y2 cans per man, woman; During the period of a year it dropped something like that you get into some­ and child. It represented about $100,- off to about 100. The tramp fleet is not thing you do not know very much about. 000,000 valuation. About $125,000,000 is subsidized. It does not survive in for­ I think the gentleman from Virginia invested in the industry in: the way of eign competition. At the outset of the [Mr. SMITH] got to talking about some­ canning equipment and boats. Korean war we had about 100 operat­ thing there that, while his intentions Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman,. will ing. In the nature of things·, about half were good, is a subject about which he the gentleman yield? cannot claim to be an expert. of them were in port and half of them Mr. . McKINNON. I have very limited ·away. We found ourselves with 46 ships I would like to review the program that time, but I am glad to yield to my col .. available, ready to operate, fully manned our tuna industry on the West Coast has league. and equipped, and available to the mili­ been engaged in during the past 25 or 30 tary service. It was necessary for us to years. We have built an industry out Mr. PHILLIPS. The reason I asked charter 13 foreign vessels to carry our there that has grown to be the largest the gentleman to yield to me is because cargo. The Navy got some Iranian, fishirig industry in the entire United I think there is a distinction which is Greek, Panamanian, Canadian, and States. In the course of the last few not being made. What the tuna indus .. British ships to fill the immediate need years we have had a lot of complications try really wants is not necessarily until we got some of our own ships from and a lot of troubles in our fishing opera­ money. They have a very large income. the laid-up fleet in operation a few · tions off the coast of South America and They have been willing to do their own weeks later. Central America to such a degree that a research work. But they have to have In time of war the passenger ships be"." few years ago the American Government certain authority and certain backing come troop transports. We now have and the Government of Costa Rica and ·from the .United States or from some in operation only three which travel at several of the South and Central Ameri­ international board before they ·can do a speed greater than 22 knots, which is can governments met and discussed some the research that they want to do. · That the speed usually attributed to modern of the fishing operations. and fishing carries out .what I said a moment ago enemy submarines. I well remember the problems that our fleet was involved on the floor that we have to go out to personal experience while in the Navy with. It was hoped that some of the ·the States and to private industry and go In 1943 of traveling in an old Hog very complicated and bitter controversies Islander built in 1917 during World War that were growing out of the fishing op­ ·back to the people and say, "We do not I, travelin5 at a speed of about 8 knots, erations in the waters down as far south have to pay all that. We can give yop unescorted, for 19 days, in waters · in as the Galapagos Islands could be ·help· on those things. But why should which enemy submarines were occasion­ ·cleared up and settled .tn a friendly way. · we· put up Federal money when we are ally operating. Something over 20 of the As a result of these talks a convention r $257,000,000,000 in the red to pay for men aboard were carried in a forward was formed, and out of that there was ! something that you can afford to pay or cargo hold, where they had no comforts formed what is called the Inter-Ameri- · the State can afford to pay~" 1951 CONGR~ ESSIQNAL_ RECORD-HOUSE 4821 I think that ought to entn into the lacks an industry that might have provided The CHAIRMAN. The time of the discusslon and Mr. Chairman, I yield extensive employment for her population and gentleman from California has again ex­ one additional minute to the gentleman. a change in diet for the diabetics of the ·Nation. pired. Mr. McKINNON. The gentleman has Now the work of the Inter-American Trop­ Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman, I made a very good point and a point that ical. Tuna Commission is threatened by. yield one additional minute to the gen­ I was going to bring out. Our industry stories going arnund on Capitol Hill about the tleman from California. has developed itself independently from love life of the tuna, and a story on the love Mr. McKINNON. Mr. Chairman, in its own private funds. We want to keep life of ·halibut was printed in a Washington closing I would just like to bring home independent. We do not want Govern­ n ewspaper last week. three points: The first is we do not ask ment interference if we can get away, Nothing is more dangerous to the fishing industry of America than for responsible per­ for a specific subsidy; we want to be in­ from it.. The point is that this indus­ sons in public life to ridicule our industry by dependent. Second, we need to en­ try cannot go to the South American satirical remarks concerning the sex life of courage good relationships with the governments. We have to have a Gov­ fish and shellfish. The existence of the sea­ countries south of the border. This ernment-to-Government approach, and food industry depends upon sex life to the convention will assist in better relations that is why we have asked the State De­ same extent as does the cattle and hog and with Latin America and a mutual in· partment to come in and assist us offi­ poultry industries, yet we seldom hear of otease in prosperity for all our peoples. cially in getting this problem worked farmers' appropriations for research being Third, if we. are going to study the love curtailed because the meat, poultry, and out. We are not asking for a free ride even the honeybee industries are dependent life of cattle, hogs, and everything else at all. We can · pay our way, but we on sex life, as indeed are all agriculture in this country, certainly there can be must have a Government-to-Govern­ crops, not to mention the perpet uation of nothing wrong in studying the love life ment approach to get any action. humanity itself. of the tuna which also is a very impor-· · Mr. ROONEY. Mr. · Chairman, will . The fishing industry resents these love life tant segment of the American economy. the gentleman yield? stories that are told, for the purpose of kill­ Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman, I Mr. McKINNON. I yield. ing Federal appropriations for research. In­ yield 5 minutes to the gentle11an from I deed, the public itself is gradually becoming Iowa [Mr. MARTIN]. Mr. ROONEY. have asked the gen­ aware of the fact that mankind must de­ tleman to yield to me in order that I pend more and more on the products of the Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. Mr. Chairman, might emphasize the point that this sea for maintaining the human race. Those about 12 years ago I became interested problem should not be ref erred to face ... nations r"cognizing this fact by amply pro­ in the stockpile program for strategic tiously as one of studying the love life of viding research facilities for utilizing the ex­ and critical materials. I was amazed to the tuna fish. There is nothing wrong tensive protein and mineral resources of the find that we had no law establishing a with studying the love life or sex habits seas and lakes and rivers will still be around, stockpile. The Military Affairs Commit· of the tuna fish or the love life or sex while those nations who laugh off their re­ tee went about the business of writing a· sponsibilities for sea-food research will be in habits of halibut as has been done in co­ the category of ancient . law known on its enactment as Public operation with the Canadian Govern· Ask your Congressman why he discrimi­ Law 117 of the Seventy-sixth Congress. ment for almost 30,years. This is an im­ nates against ·the love life of fish, but en­ That was the first stockpiling law in our portant international problem. It affects courages the love life of cattle and hogs and Nation's history. In 1046 we revised that a ·large segment of our population, and corn an4 cotton. Let him know ·that the law ill the Seventy-ninth Congress as affects an industry of which this country fishing industry resents being laughed out of Public Law 520 of the Seventy-ninth may well be proud. It -should not be court, to defeat appropriations. Con~ress, which is the present stockpile Fifteen years is a long time, but that much laughed down, as I understand was done time and effort and patience has been ex• law. yesterday in talking about the love life of pended to bring the work of the Inter-Ameri­ I have throughout the past 12 years racoons. So far as I am concerned, and can Tropical Tuna Commission through an had occasion to study this matter in­ I know a little about the subject, the international treaty, and even the exigencies tensively, and I see on the floor here State Department very properly negoti­ of -war do not necessitate complete abandon­ just now men who have worked with me ated the treaty. and formed the Inter· ment of 15 years of work that gives such great in that field. I refer to the gentleman. American Tropical Tuna . Commission promise for the utilization and wise conserva­ from North Carolina [Mr. DURHAM], the because without it you folks on the low· tion of the tuna resources of North and South gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. FEN­ er west coast of California could not America. TON]-! saw him here a moment ago; get the bait you must have to fis:1 for Mr. McKINNON. The gentleman be is gone now. I have seen several men the tuna, and you would have a $100,000,-. makes a very good point. here this afternoon who have a like in­ 000 industry ruined. You will find the . Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. terest with mine regarding the welfare following article just written by Charles Chairman, will the gentleman yield? and well-being and adequacy of our E. Jackson, general manager of the Na· The CHAIRMAN. The time of the stockpile of strategic and critical ma­ tional Fisheries Institute, Inc., highly gentieman from California has expired. terials. I will say this, that back in 1946· _interesting: Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, I yield when we wrote Public Law 520 of the LoVE LIFE OF TUNA, HAi.muT, AND FROGS? one additional minute to the gentleman. Seventy-ninth Congress, the gentleman Efforts are unwittingly being made for Mr. McKINNON. I yield. from North Carolina and. I had definitely political purposes to laugh out of existence · Mr. MILLER of California. As a fo mind a yardstick, an objective, to give the work of the Inter-American · Tropical former executive of the California Di· this Nation a little better protection in ·Tuna Commission and the Halibut Commis­ vision of Fish and Game, I think I know the matter of strategic and crftical ma­ sion, just as Senator Pat Harrison, by a sin­ terials for any war challenge that might gle·speech some twenty-odd years ago, killed something about the problem that con· research on bullfrogs in the United States fronts us. The gentleman from New come. I notice also the gentleman from for perhaps all time. Meanwhile, frog legs York [Mr. RooNEY] touched on it when New Jersey [Mr. CANFIELD] who has al­ have become an expensive luxury in the he spoke about it, and the gentleman ways been active with us. United States at prices so high that this val­ from California [Mr. McKINNON] . We have watched this program care­ uable food is not available for thousands of touched on it when he spoke about the fully and very· diligently throughout all people suffering from diabetes who, like other bait and the so-called lovelife of the the years. The objective was set in 1946 citizens, would like a change in their diet. sardine, which is used for ba·it. We before we had what we now recognize Had the Fish and Wildlife Service had a reasonable amount of research funds these nearly lost the sardine industry on the as a known adversary; but when the past years, frog legs might now be available Pacific Coast because we were not famil­ Korean war came along we had not at reasonable cost to diabetic patients; As it iar enough with the biological facts sur· achieved over 34 percent of the planned is, t he supply must come fron;i. wild stocks rounding the propagation of the fish and objective of ·what was originally esti­ ln the southern swamps and from imports because we overfished.. We' have run mated as our need. When the Korean .from Cuba. Supplies cannot be maintained into great difficulties. I may say that war came along those needs were also ~ onsistently and the price range is high. the State of California spends a great boosted tremendously, so that here even Meanwhile, Japan developed a very profitable with the added acquisitions of the past · frog leg industry which employs many peo­ sum of money on this each year. What , ple. Senator Pat Harrison's famed ridicule we need is a greater study of the fishery year we have still only approximately 40 made the news headlines, but destroyed any resources of this country which can be percent of the stockpile on hand. hope for Federal appropriat ions for bullfrog increased only by knowing more about . I am very pleased with the stepped-up research and today the St_ate of Mississippi its love life. i:ecord of the responsible offic ~ als of the . XCVII-304: 4822 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE MAY 3 Munitions Board and GSA in the matter This stockpile is the point where we' all, it is the arm of Congress. It is the of the acquisition of stockpiles during start the adequacy of our defense. This auditor. It is the watchdog for the Con­ the past year. But I was alarmed when is where we look to get the materials to gress. It is headed by a very distin­ I saw in this bill no item for additional build modern weapons, and we need guished a:::id able American, a man who funds for stockpiling. I then turned to more and more modern weapons and we is in my judgment doing an excellent. the hearings and the committee report. cannot get them unless we have these job in his position. This is one agency I find from the hearings reference to the particular materials. I know thtre is that I would not want to see crippled in fact that there is a billion-dollar item in controversy in private industry about any respect. the President's budget message, and also this stockpiling. I know that we were In looking at the hearings it would that there is a plan for the Committee very wise when we placed in Public Law appear that this committee has seen fit on Appropriations to take that matter 520 of the Seventy-ninth Congress that to cut down some of the kp-flight posi­ up later on. May I inquire of the chair­ no part of the stockpile material could be tions for"that office and has also reduced man of the subcommittee if that is not taken out of the stockpile without au­ the amount of funds. I would like to the plan? thority from the Congress. It is because have that explained, because I do not. Mr. THOMAS. First, may I make an there are people who are watching that want this particular agency crippled in observation, then I will answer the ques­ stockpile with an eye to getting some of any respect. To reduce its efficiency and tion. This subcommittee wants to com~ it for their needs for civilian production its ability to carry on will cost the Gov­ mend the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. that we have got to be careful. But we ernment many times in expenditures MARTIN] for his careful study and hard cannot have better· insurance than this what mig:1t be saved by comparatively work on the stockpiling program. A stockpile if we are going to match our small reductions to this agency. large part of its success is certainly due strength against a world power at any Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Chairman, will the to his untiring efforts. time in the future. That is my real deep gentleman yield? Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. I thank the concern in the matter. Mr. RE~S of Kansas. I yield to the gentleman. I commend the committee and hope distinguished gentleman from Texas. Mr. THOMAS. Let me say that at no they will continue their attention in this Mr. THOMAS. Let me say to our dis­ time in the last 3 years or any other field and appreciate their giving me this ttnguished friend from Kansas that the· time-if I am in error I wish to be cor­ informatk.n. I am looking forward to committee shares his point of view ex­ rected but if my memory serves me cor­ further developments. t am not going actly 100 percent. It is an agency that rectly-has this committee ever denied to stop with just this committee because is an arm of the Congress. As a matter one 5-cent piece for the stockpiling of I am going to keep everlastingly on the of fact, they have a tremendous budget, critical material. As a matter of fact, trail of the Munitions Board-they know and we reduced them a little less than in the fiscal year 1951 here is what this it down there, I do not have to acquaint $500,000, and that reduction has come committee granted them in dollars and them with the fact I am constantly on about by virtue of the fact that they cents: First, in the 1950 bill we gave them their trail-also GSA-to make sure that transferred some of their activities to $525,000,000, no reduction, for the stock­ they do not take their eyes off the real the Post Office Department where here­ piling of critical material. In 1951 they objective-that we may have an ade­ tofore have been in the General Account­ came in with a regular bill requesting quate national defense stockpiie as the ing Office. Instead of cutting down the $605,000,000, which was granted. There protection that we are entitled to have. top-flight positions, I will say to the gen­ was a supplemental bill for 1951, $598,- Our action on these appropriation bills tleman from Kansas, if he will read the 637 ,000, then a second supplemental in will help guarantee to my son and his report carefully, we did a little legislat­ 1951 for $1,834,000,000, a totalfor 1951 of buddies who are now fighting in Korea, ing, and I hope the House will forgive $3,038,000,000. that we are back of them with the sinews us, but we increased his top-flight posi­ The CHAIRMAN. The time of the of war. · tions by five. He wanted eleven and we gentleman from Iowa has expired. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gave him five. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Chairman, I yield gentleman from Iowa has expired. Mr. REES of Kansas. I appreciate the gentleman three additional minutes.- Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman, I yield that. This is one agency that is headed Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. I thank the 3 minutes to the gentleman from Kansas by a group of outstanding, efficient men, gentleman very much. I yield to the [Mr. REES]. Mr. THOMAS. I know the gentleman gentleman from California [Mr. PHIL­ · Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Chairman, will agree with us and he will not think LIPS]. I have requested these few minutes to we are sinning when we gave him those Mr. PHILLIPS. The total we · have make an inquiry with respect to only five. given, the gentleman from Iowa should one or two items in this bill. One of Mr. REES of Kansas. Certainly not. know, in 1951 alone was $3,038,548,370. them is with regard to the Government's If the Ccmptroller General felt he should The total we have given to date, includ­ contribution to the retirement fund of have more than five in those higher posi­ ing both cash and contract, is $4,458,548,- the Civil Service Commission. I notice tions, he would favor doing so. He would 370. The total they have on hand, the appropriation calls for $300,000,000 not ask for them unless they were needed. which. may interest the gentleman from while the amount requested was $320,- He would be sure to· select capable men Iowa, presently is $1,623,543,734. 000,000. The request has been cut by qualified under civil service, and as I Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. That is not $20,000,000. I think the membtrship of stated before, expenditures .here will yet expended? the House should know that we really do mean gre.ater economies in other depart­ Mr. PHILLIPS. That is not yet ex­ not save anything by reducing this par­ ments of the Government. pended. ticular item. The fact remains that the Mr. THOMAS. The gentleman made Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. I thank the retirement fund lacks about $5,000,000,- a fine statement, and we greatly appre­ gentleman. That brings out the infor­ 000 of being actuarily sound. In other ciate it. mation I wanted to have in this discus­ words, it would take approximately $5,- Mr. REES of Kansas. I thank the sion. 000,000,000 if the retirement fund were gentleman. Mr. rHILLIPS. That is not obligated. placed on a basis similar to that of life Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Chairman, I yield Mr. MARTIN of Iowa. I thank the insurance companies. 5 minutes to the gentleman from Illi­ gentle~i,n from Texas and the gentle­ The other matter I wanted to call at­ nois [Mr. SABATH]. man from California for the informa­ tention to is the appropriation for the. Mr. SABATH. Mr. Chairman, earlier tion. I think it is highly important to Comptroller General's Office. today I opposed this rule because I con-. get that before the Nation today in the It appears the committee has seen fit sidered that the provisions in this bill, course of this debate because the absence· to reduce considerably the amount re­ especially as they relate to housing, were of any fund for stockpiling of strategic quested by the Office of Comptroller Gen­ manifestly unfair and unjustifiable. No and critical materials in this appropria­ eral. In all probability the members one can deny that there is still a great tion bill may be misunderstood. I un­ of the committee felt they had reasons shortage in housing; but, unfortunately, derstand from the hrnrings that you are for doing it, but ::: just want to say this my Republican friends, especially the going to give the budget item for stock­ is one agency of the Government that is leaders, never seem to realize that the piling further attention in the near fu- an extremely important one, and is ef­ ex-servicemen and the people of this ' ture and I am behind that 100 percent. ficiently operated and managed. After Nation a.re entitled to have a roof over 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4823 their heads. I called their attention to Merchant Marine and Fisheries. I say ministrative Services Act and vesting the it years ago. Unfortunately, they have this, that our committee 2 years ago authority and complete responsibility for always more or less opposed housing started that investigation. It is due to the management of the affairs and ac­ legislation. In this bill they actually the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. tivities of the General Services Admin­ scuttled the laws that we passed in airl HART], its present chairman, and many istration within the Administrator. of housing, wbich I greatly regret. Of of its members, that the old Board, that Likewh~e. this recommendation seems to course, they did that under the pretense was altogether too liberal, from my view­ me to be in con:tlict with the objectives that they desire economy and to save point, and that I criticized, was elimi­ and legislative concepts as expressed by money, which is only said on the :floor nated. The new Board is trying to safe­ the Congress in the Budget and Account­ of the House for political reasons and guard the rights and interests of our ing Procedures Act of 1950. for no other. They have even inveigled Treasury and our country. · The recommendations of the Hoover some of the Democrats to vote with them Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Chairman, I yield Commission and provisions of the Fed-· to make possible the adoption of some 10 minutes to the gentleman from Vir­ eral Property and Administrative Serv­ of these outrageous restrictions as to ginia [Mr. HARDY]. ices Act recognize the necessity of elimi­ public housing, Mr. HARDY. Mr. Chairman, in look­ nating duplicative management and Mr. YATES. Mr. Chairman, will tile ing over the report on this appropria­ administrative elements of related activ­ gentleman yield? tion bill1 I was somewhat puzzled by one ities. They permit the responsible ad­ Mr. SABATH. I yield to the g~ntle­ of the recommendations dealing with the ministrative official, in this case the man from Illinois. estimates of the General Services Ad­ Administrator of General Services Ad­ Mr. YATES. I agree with what the ministration. In serving as a member of ministration, to consolidate such un­ gentleman has said. In committee I this body it has been my pleasure to necessary and overlapping independent opposed the provisions of the bill relat­ worl~ with the Administrator of General activities. An essential ingredient of ing to housing. As a matter of fact, the Services Administration on several mat­ this facility is the establishment of an Bureau of the Budget attempted to cut ters and although this agency has not appropriation structure which is conso­ the 10-percent allotment to publi.c hous­ been in operation long I have been im­ nant with this over-all management con­ ing which had been created by the Pub­ pressed with the abilities of the Admin­ cept. The relative proportions of funds lic Housing Act of 1949, when it was istrator and the manner in which the to be utilized on individual programs thought there would be 810,000 housing activities of the General Services Ad­ under the single general management units started this year. That was the ministration are managed and super­ actually are not significant. reason for the · cut of public housing vised. I have also familiarized myself Without reasonable consolidation and units from 135,000 to 75,000 by the Bu­ somewhat with the provisions of the without control in the Administrator, reau of the Budget. I agree with the Federal Property and Administrative budgeting, financing, accounting, and gentleman, we need more. But certainly S;rvices Act, as amended by Public Law reporting transactions are multiplied in this cut is unwarranted. 754 of the Eighty-first Congress. As I almost geometric proportion. Informa­ Mr. SABATH. I agree with the g_en­ recall, this legislation was one of tl).e tion recently developed by the Expendi­ tleman. The other side does not obJect first enactments of the Congress imple­ tures Committee points up the almost to using the materials for the construc­ menting . the recommendations of the unbelievable amount of paper work re­ tion of plants here and there, many of Hoover Commission. It merged several quired in procurement and related them unnecessary, but when it comes to semiautonomous bureaus and adminis­ financing and accounting operations at housing they always seem to be opposed trations into the General Services Ad­ the Detroit Ordnance Arsenal. The to it and I have called their attention ministration, vesting the complete au­ proposed change in the appropriation to it: that the people wi_ll resent it, and thority for the management of affairs structure of the General Services Admin­ they will. in the Administrator. As previously in­ istration differs only in degree and not in Mr. PHILLIPS. Mr. Chairman, will dicated, this legislation was consonant principle. the gentleman yield? with the recommendations of the Hoover The Budget and Accounting Proce­ Mr. SABATH. I yield to the gentle­ Commission to eliminate the specific dures Act of 1950 provides in section 113 man from California. legislative authorities running directly

finding the ·quantity· and· quality· of~ pro~ · -Mr. ·PHILLIPS ·asked- and,was · -gi-v-en: the-current-revisien- ef.-the-n-ational-akpert f essional-men and-w<:>me-n -if-the--hospi-ta1s­ permissien- ta include extraneous· mate•: · plan.and,.whichshoµld be undei;taken during are ·not located in! isolated localities .. rial in the remarks -he made in Commit• the. fisca,l y.ear. 1~52, Bursuant to section 8 of . .the Federal . Airport Act, P.ublic .. La.w _3 .77, . ·In closing-, I .want to ~tress the great tee· of the Whole.- Seventy'."ninth Congress;' t.o the CQmmittee rieed for more hospitals-for the Veterans' . Mr. ALLEN ·of-California· o:&:rs ·. f:>Fi co:tviMIT'I'EEs oN PVBLic · •BILLs ANP RF.SdtuJ'rnNs . __ of the need exists in TB and NP type fa­ include extraneous matter.- cilities,· where· patient· turn-over is ·slow Mr: VAN ZANDT· ill --tq ·prqvid~ for the tl'aflsfer ~r i:JlilitcJ-aim of-title · EXTENSiO?:l .OF RE:MAJ;?;Ks Austin', United· States Representativ-e. to the United -1'ia.tions. · . . to-certain lands in-Florlda; with·amendment Mr. McCORMACK asked and was ·(Rept. ~o. 418). Refer-red to the Committee : Mr. · WHITA:K;E~ <~t tpe requei:;t of · of the .. Whole· House on the State. of the ·given permission to extend his remarks -Mr. _CHELF) w;:ts given permission ~o ·ex"". and include ·an article by Char-les -A. tend his remarks; ;m~~:~ENTSEN ; ccim~iit~e o~ Inte~ior' an~ Merrill appearing in :the Bost.on Globe, ·-Mr. ROONEY asked and was giveri -Insular Affairs. a: R~ 2889. A bili to ·require April 29. _ , permission to revise and extend the re­ the recordation : ·of .scrip, lien selection, · Mr. MULTER asked and . was ..given marks he ma.de.in colloquy with -the gen­ and similar rights; without amendment permission.to extend.his remarks in.four tleman from California [Mr. McKIN.; :(Rept, No. 419). ·Referred to· the Committee instanc.es.and include extraneous matter; of · the Whole· ·House on the State of the .NON] in Committee of the Whol~ toa~i ,Union. .. , , - .Mr. DOLLIVER asked and-was. giv_en E. and include- an article by Charles· , M~s. BOSON~: · Committee on Il].terior and .permission _to. extend his· -own: remarks. .Jackson; general manager ··of the -Na"' _ Mr. :LEONARD W. 'HALL :. - . Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray .:was .. given _permission to. ex_tend his r~~ ADJOpR~ME~~ Reservation, to authorize a per capita pay­ marl{s and_include extr.aneous_matter. Mr. -MACHROWICZ. '.Mr. Speaker, I ment- eut -of -such funds, to pr-ovide- for -the MF.- -BURDICK asked and -was given ·move that the.House do now·adjourn; . · -division -of certain tribal funds .with . the permission to extend his remarks. , . The motion was .a'gteed to; . ~ccording..;. .southern lJtes, arid tor other purposes; with Mr. -ELSTON asked and was given per­ ·1y ·s.. o'clock and· 39 ,minutes .. p . .m.r, .amendment (Rept. --No. 420). · Referred to mission :to extend his remarks and in:.. the ~orµmit~ee . of -the Whole Hci~se · · o? the under i previous oi·der, the House · ad~ f:?tate of th.e Urlion: ·· ·. - : · · . · - elude an editorial. · ·journed u til. t.omJtrow, Friday; May 4', Mr. POULSON ·asked -and was "given : i~~: l, a~ 11 o;~1o~k. a. m. · :: . permission, to eX:t~nd his · remarks ·in, . PUBLIC BIJ.L.3 :-~~ -- R~SOLU'l!ONS three instances and include extraneous : EXECUTIVE · COMMUNI'CATIONS, . ETC. Under Clause · 3 of rule XXIl, public ·matter. bills and resolutions were Jntrodu c ~i Rnd Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, .executive - Mr.-HOFFMAN of Michigan asked and ·seyerally referred a~ fol~ows: ·was · given· permission- to revise· a:h.d ex­ communicaticns were taken · fr.om ~he Speaker's. tat.Ile and referred as fallows: By Mrs. BOSONE: .tend the remarks he intends to make H~ $,3~9.5~. I>ende~ list; w~ic~ . proj~cts are· ~n9lude.d i_n ~ te~: on th~ . J\1d~ciaJY· 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECO-RD-SENATE 484J H. R. 3961. A bill to provide for a jury 267. Also, resolution of the Rock County a proposed rev1s1on of a supplemental commission for each Unite·d States , district Dental Auxiliary, ·Rohk County~ Wis:, re­ appropriation, involving an increase of court, to regulate its compensation; to pre­ a~ming_ faith: in the American, voluntart scribe its duties, and for other purp'oses; to way to: safeguard the Nation's health and in­ $13,000,000, for the Atoinic Energy Com­ . the Committee on the Judiciary. sure against the costs of -illness and un­ mission, :fisc.al year 1951, which, with the By Mr. DOYLE: . equivocally oppose· any form of national accompanyin·g paper, was referred to the H.J. Res. 250. Joint resolution to authorize compulsory he.alth insurjl.nce as a danger­ Committee · on 'Appropriations and or~ the President of the United States to ap­ ous step toward com.Pl~te acceptance of a dered to be printed. point a committee to· designate the niost p~anned secialistic economy; to the Com­ UNITED STATES APPRAISERS. STORES; appropriate day for National Children's Day; mittee on Interstate and Foreign Co:rrimerce. to the Committee on the Judiciary. BALTIMORE-RESOLUTION OF CITY By Mr. CELLER: COUNCIL OF BALTIMORE, MD. H. Res. ~21. Resolution to authorize the Mr. O'CONOR. Mr. President, I pre­ Committee on the Judiciary to conduct sent for appropriate reference a reso1u.:. studies in the conduct of hearings before SENATE committees of the House of Representatives; tion adopted by the City Council of Bal.:. to the Committee on Rules. FRIDAY, MAY 4, 1951 timore, Md., on April 23, 1951, relative By Mr. BUSBEY: to improving conditions at the United H. Res. 222. Resolution to provide for an