80898 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 240 / Monday, December 14, 2020 / Proposed Rules

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION • Instructions: You must include the devices, which is to promote the safe agency name and docket number or the and efficient utilization of the highways Federal Highway Administration Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) and streets through an uninterrupted for the rulemaking at the beginning of uniform system of signs, signals, and 23 CFR Parts 470, 635, and 655 your comments. All comments received markings as road users travel between [FHWA Docket No. FHWA–2020–0001] will be posted without change to http:// jurisdictions. Uniformity and www.regulations.gov, including any consistency in message, placement, and RIN 2125–AF85 personal information provided. operation of traffic control devices have FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. been shown to address the expectancy National Standards for Traffic Control Kevin Sylvester, Office of of the road user, resulting in a more Devices; the Manual on Uniform Traffic Transportation Operations, (202) 366– predictable response. The system of Control Devices for Streets and 2161, [email protected], or Mr. uniform traffic control devices works in Highways; Revision William Winne, Office of the Chief concert with the natural tendencies of AGENCY: Federal Highway Counsel, (202) 366–1397, the road user in the various high- Administration (FHWA), U.S. [email protected], Federal judgment situations that the road user Department of Transportation (DOT). Highway Administration, 1200 New will encounter. ACTION: Proposed rule; notice of Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC II. Summary of the Major Provisions of proposed amendments (NPA). 20590. the Regulatory Action in Question SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: SUMMARY: The Manual on Uniform Key proposed changes in this NPA Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Electronic Access and Filing include the following: Highways (MUTCD) is incorporated in This document and all comments Incorporation of provisional traffic FHWA regulations and recognized as received may be viewed online through control devices currently under Interim the national standard for traffic control the Federal eRulemaking portal at Approval, including pedestrian-actuated devices used on all public roads. The http://www.regulations.gov. The website rectangular rapid-flashing beacons at purpose of this NPA is to revise is available 24 hours each day, 365 days uncontrolled marked crosswalks, green- standards, guidance, options, and each year. An electronic copy of this colored pavement for bicycle lanes, red- supporting information relating to the document may also be downloaded by colored pavement for transit lanes, and traffic control devices in all parts of the accessing the Office of the Federal a new traffic signal warrant based on MUTCD. The proposed changes are Register’s home page at: https:// crash experience; intended to update the technical www.federalregister.gov. Improvements to safety and provisions to reflect advances in accessibility for pedestrians, including technologies and operational practices, Executive Summary the location of pushbuttons at signalized incorporate recent trends and I. Purpose of the Regulatory Action crosswalks, crosswalk marking patterns, innovations, and set the stage for and accommodations in work zones; This regulatory action seeks to collect Expanded traffic control devices to automated driving systems as those comments from the public on proposed continue to take shape. The proposed improve safety and operation for revisions to the MUTCD. The proposed bicyclists, including intersection bicycle changes would promote uniformity and changes are intended to streamline incorporate technology advances in the boxes, two-stage turn boxes, bicycle processes and reduce burdens on State traffic signal faces, and a new design for traffic control device application, and and local agencies by including many of ultimately improve and promote the the U.S. Bicycle Route sign; the successful devices or applications Considerations for agencies to prepare safe and efficient utilization of roads that have resulted from over 180 official that are open to public travel. These roadways for automated vehicle experiments that FHWA has approved, technologies and to support the safe proposed changes are being designated including congestion-reduction as the 11th edition of the MUTCD. deployment of automated driving strategies such as variable speed limits, systems; DATES: Comments must be received on dynamic lane control and shoulder use, Clarifications on patented and or before March 15, 2021. Late-filed and pedestrian safety enhancements proprietary traffic control devices to comments will be considered to the such as the rectangular rapid-flashing foster and promote innovation; and extent practicable. beacon. Safety and operational improvements, ADDRESSES: To ensure that you do not The proposed changes would update including revised procedures for the duplicate your docket submissions, the technical provisions to reflect posting of speed limits, new criteria for please submit them by only one of the advances in technologies and warning signs for horizontal alignment following means: operational practices, incorporate recent changes, new application of traffic • Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to trends and innovations, and set the control devices for part-time travel on http://www.regulations.gov and follow stage for automated driving systems as shoulders to manage congestion, and the online instructions for submitting those systems continue to take shape. new application of traffic control comments. These changes would promote devices at busway crossings. • Mail: Docket Management Facility, uniformity and incorporate In addition, this regulatory action U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 technological advances in traffic control amends the following: New Jersey Ave. SE, West Building device design and application, and 23 CFR part 470, subpart A, appendix Ground Floor Room W12–140, ultimately improve and promote the C; Washington, DC 20590–0001; safe and efficient utilization of roads 23 CFR 635.309(o); and • Hand Delivery: West Building that are open to public travel. 23 CFR 655.603(b)(1). Ground Floor, Room W12–140, 1200 With this proposed rule, FHWA seeks New Jersey Ave. SE, between 9 a.m. 5 to address any existing provisions that III. Costs and Benefits p.m., e.t., Monday through Friday, might have contributed to situations FHWA has estimated the costs and except Federal holidays. The telephone that inhibit or contravene the purpose of evaluated potential benefits of this number is (202) 366–9329; a nationwide standard for traffic control rulemaking and believes the rulemaking

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is being proposed in a manner that conforming traffic control devices is available in two formats. The first fulfills the requirements under 23 U.S.C. through systematic upgrading, format shows the current MUTCD text 109(d) and 23 CFR part 655, while also proportionally each year until the with proposed additions in blue providing flexibility for agencies. The compliance date. The analysis period is underlined text and proposed deletions estimated national costs are 10 years starting with an as red strikeout text, and also includes documented in the economic analysis implementation date of 2021 and notes in green boxes to provide helpful report titled, ‘‘Manual on Uniform extending through 2030. The costs of explanations where text is proposed to Traffic Control Devices Assessment of five substantive revisions could not be be relocated or where minor edits are Economic Impacts of Notice of Proposed estimated due to lack of information, proposed. The second format shows a Amendment,’’ which is available on the but all are expected to have net benefits ‘‘clean’’ version of the complete text docket. based on per-unit or per-mile costs and proposed for the next edition of the The proposed rulemaking introduces benefits of the proposed revision. Costs MUTCD, with all the proposed changes a variety of revisions resulting in for each substantive revision with incorporated. Though the proposed text, clarification of language and appreciable impacts are estimated based figures, and tables are available only as organization of the MUTCD, on the cost of the traffic control device, separate documents for inspection, all deregulation through increased the removal and installation costs of the three elements will be integrated when flexibility and alternatives for agencies, device, the current and future the new edition of the MUTCD is deregulation through relaxation of deployment of the traffic control device, published in a consistent format, similar standards to guidance, and the and the compliance date if applicable. to the current edition. The complete introduction of new traffic devices. For The benefits of the revisions include current 2009 edition of the MUTCD the purposes of this analysis, where operational and safety benefits. with Revision No. 1 and Revision No. 2 revisions improve the clarity of existing Operational benefits include the incorporated is also available on the content, those revisions have been capacity of the traffic control device to same website. considered non-substantive. All other convey necessary information to road This NPA is being issued to provide revisions are considered substantive as users and any mobility impacts from an opportunity for public comment on they materially change the requirements efficient operation. Currently, no the desirability of these proposed of the MUTCD. specific data or studies exist to measure amendments to the MUTCD. This NPA This NPA provides quantitative operational benefits or efficiency gains, does not address the proposals estimates of the expected compliance and these benefits are evaluated contained in FHWA’s ongoing costs associated with the proposed qualitatively. Ideally, safety benefits rulemaking titled, ‘‘Maintaining substantive revisions. There are 132 would be measured by the revision’s Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity,’’ substantive revisions in total. There are impact on crashes, but there are no data (RIN 2125–AF34; Docket No. FHWA– 124 substantive revisions with minimal that correlate the direct impact of traffic 2009–0139) at 82 FR 770 (January 4, or no impact, including the introduction control devices with crash rates, and the 2017). Based on the comments received of 37 new traffic control device safety benefits of these revisions could and its own experience, FHWA may applications. These revisions materially not be quantified. Potential safety issue a final rule concerning the change the MUTCD requirements but benefits are evaluated qualitatively as proposed changes included in this have no cost impacts or minimal cost well. document. impacts. For each substantive revision with The NPA is being published to The remaining eight substantive measurable costs, FHWA expects that address the many advances in revisions have quantifiable economic the benefits will exceed costs. Based on technology, research results, and impacts. For the three substantive the qualitative and quantitative improved traffic and safety management revisions for which costs can be information presented, FHWA expects strategies that have occurred since the quantified, the total estimated cost that, in general, the potential benefits of 2009 edition of the MUTCD. FHWA measured in 2018 dollars is $541,978 the rulemaking will exceed its costs. invites comments on these proposed when discounted to 2018 at 7 percent; changes to the MUTCD. FHWA requests and $589,667 when discounted at 3 Background that commenters cite the page number percent. These costs are estimated as the This rule is proposed under 23 U.S.C. and line numbers of the proposed sum of the price of the traffic control 109(d), 315, and 402(a), which give the MUTCD text for which each specific device and the removal and installation Secretary of Transportation the comment to the docket about the costs of the device, applied to the authority to promulgate uniform proposed text is concerned, to help current and future deployment rate of provisions to promote the safe and make FHWA’s docket comment review the traffic control device, considering efficient utilization of the highways. process more efficient. A form is the compliance date for the provision This authority is delegated to FHWA provided on the docket to simplify the relating to the device. The proposed under 49 CFR 1.85. comment submission process. FHWA revisions differ in their compliance The text, figures, and tables of a requests that commenters download and dates, the date after which the traffic proposed new edition of the MUTCD utilize this form to submit comments control devices must comply with the incorporating the proposed changes the docket, but it is not required. MUTCD revisions. The cost estimates from the current edition are available for A summary of the proposed general reflect whether the proposed revision inspection and copying, as prescribed in changes and proposed changes for each includes a compliance date. For those 49 CFR part 7, at FHWA Office of of the parts of the MUTCD is included proposed changes without a compliance Transportation Operations, 1200 New in the following discussion. In general, date, the analysis assumes that agencies Jersey Avenue, SE, Washington, DC the proposed changes are based on the would make traffic control devices 20590. Further, the text, figures, and goal of achieving uniformity in the comply with the proposed revisions at tables of a proposed new edition of the appearance, meaning, application, and the end of the service life of a device. MUTCD incorporating changes from the other critical attributes of traffic control For those proposed changes with a current edition are available on the devices to promote the safe and efficient compliance date, the analysis assumes MUTCD website http:// utilization of the streets and highways. that agencies would upgrade non- mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov. The proposed text Uniformity and consistency in message,

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placement, and operation of traffic instead of ‘‘wide solid white line,’’ information during declared states of control devices have been shown to ‘‘DOUBLE SOLID YELLOW line’’ emergency are not being considered as accommodate the expectancy of the instead of ‘‘double solid yellow line,’’ traffic control devices and, therefore, road user, resulting in a more and ‘‘CHEVRON HATCH markings’’ provisions regarding their design and predictable response which, in turn, instead of ‘‘chevron hatch markings.’’ use are not included in the MUTCD. results in a safer, more efficient This proposed change is not shown in FHWA proposes this revision because operation of the roads nationwide. It is the proposed text of the MUTCD, but these two types of messages are specific under this premise that the provisions would be incorporated in the new exceptions to the use of a traffic control of the MUTCD are developed and edition of the MUTCD if adopted in the device expressly allowed by statute. promulgated. These proposals are based Final Rule. FHWA requests comment on They are referenced in the MUTCD on the best available research, this reformatting proposal for because the device on which they are professional judgment, and data implementation throughout the entire displayed is a traffic control device, demonstrating that road user confusion Manual. even though the specific messages are would be avoided had a non-uniform 2. In the proposed consolidated Part not traffic control device messages. traffic control device been uniform. 1, FHWA proposes to reorganize the Lastly, FHWA proposes to relocate the Where this NPA proposes regulatory retained material from the existing Standard and Support pertaining to requirements prescribing specific Introduction and existing Part 1 into advertising to Section 1D.09. FHWA conduct that regulated entities must four new chapters, to create a more proposes this revision to align proposed adopt, FHWA has determined that these logical flow of information and make it content and material in each Section. regulations are necessary to address the easier for users to find the content they 5. FHWA proposes to add a new compelling need for nationwide need. The four chapters of the new Part Section 1A.03, titled, ‘‘Target Road uniformity to ensure the safety and 1 are Chapter 1A (General), Chapter 1B Users,’’ with new text recommended by efficiency of the traveling public. (Legal Requirements for Traffic Control Item 526 of the 20-Year Vision and Devices), Chapter 1C (Definitions, Strategic Plan for the MUTCD.2 The Discussion of Proposed Amendments to Acronyms, and Abbreviations Used In Part 1 General proposed text describes the This Manual), and Chapter 1D characteristics of the two groups of 1. As part of the reorganization, (Provisions Applicable to Traffic target road users for traffic control FHWA proposes to delete the existing Control Devices in General). devices—operators of vehicles Introduction and relocate most of that 3. In Chapter 1A General, FHWA (including bicyclists) and pedestrians. material into a proposed expanded/ proposes to create Section 1A.01, titled, FHWA proposes this revision because restructured Part 1. The purpose of this ‘‘Purpose of the MUTCD,’’ with new text proper use of traffic control devices can consolidation is to present more recommended by Item 525 of the 20- be optimized by stating the expectations logically the general information about Year Vision and Strategic Plan for the for road users responding to the traffic the MUTCD and traffic control devices 1 MUTCD. FHWA proposes this revision control devices. and to eliminate duplicative material because a clear statement of the 6. FHWA proposes to add a new that appears in both the Introduction MUTCD’s purpose is critical in defining Section 1A.04, titled, ‘‘Use of the and sections of Part 1. As a part of this what content should be in the MUTCD MUTCD,’’ with two new Standard change, FHWA also proposes to remove and how that content should be used. paragraphs and one new Guidance the existing text and table regarding the 4. In Section 1A.02 (existing Section paragraph consisting of text historical development of the MUTCD 1A.01), FHWA proposes to retitle the recommended by items 528 and 529 of and paragraphs pertaining to the use of section to ‘‘Traffic Control Devices— the 20-Year Vision and Strategic Plan metric units, as this material is not Definition.’’ FHWA also proposes to for the MUTCD, plus additional text needed in the MUTCD or can be instead change the Standard (relocated from the relocated from the Introduction.3 The posted on the MUTCD website for those Introduction, Paragraph 1) to Support, proposed text establishes minimum who are interested in it. restating and referring to the definition qualifications for those responsible for In addition to the changes described of ‘‘traffic control devices’’ (as proposed performing traffic control device herein and shown in the proposed text to be revised in Section 1C.02). FHWA activities in order to reduce the of the MUTCD, FHWA proposes a new also proposes to add a new Support potential for unqualified individuals format for each specific traffic control paragraph about infrastructure elements performing traffic control device device that is consistent with the format and certain operational devices, to activities, specifically recommending currently used in Part 4 of the Manual, explain that these are not considered that traffic control device decisions which uses all upper-case letters for traffic control devices. FHWA proposes should be made with consideration of each type of traffic signal indication these revisions to align proposed multiple factors. (e.g., ‘‘CIRCULAR RED signal content and material being relocated Lastly, FHWA proposes to change indication’’). For example, the title of a from the Introduction and from other Support paragraphs to provide clarity sign would be shown in the MUTCD as sections within existing Part 1. ‘‘SPEED LIMIT sign’’ instead of ‘‘Speed FHWA also proposes to include a new and to reflect the new use of Limit sign,’’ ‘‘CHEVRON ALIGNMENT list item (labeled ‘‘F’’), stating that unnumbered sub-chapter headings. sign’’ instead of ‘‘Chevron Alignment messages displayed on changeable 7. In Section 1A.05 (existing Section sign,’’ and ‘‘EXIT DIRECTION sign’’ message signs for America’s Missing: 1A.11) Relation to Other Publications, instead of ‘‘Exit Direction sign.’’ (The Broadcast Emergency Response FHWA proposes to add three additional sign title would not depend on whether (AMBER) alerts and homeland security publications to the list of useful sources any word legend on a sign is displayed of information (‘‘Manual for Assessing in upper-case or upper- and lower-case 1 ‘‘20-Year Vision and Strategic Plan for the Safety Hardware’’ 2009 Edition letters.) A similar format would be used Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices,’’ for pavement markings: ‘‘NORMAL National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control 2 ‘‘20-Year Vision and Strategic Plan’’ can be Devices, January 9, 2014, can be viewed at the viewed at the following internet website: http:// WIDTH DOTTED WHITE lane line’’ following internet website: http://ncutcd.org/wp- ncutcd.org/wp-content/uploads/MUTCD/MUTCD- instead of ‘‘normal width dotted white content/uploads/MUTCD/MUTCD-20-Year-Vision- 20-Year-Vision-NCUTCD-Appvd-1-9-14-FINAL.pdf. lane line,’’ ‘‘WIDE SOLID WHITE line’’ NCUTCD-Appvd-1-9-14-FINAL.pdf. 3 Ibid.

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AASHTO, ‘‘Equipment and Materials FHWA also proposes a new Standard device and whether it would adversely Standards of the Institute of paragraph to clarify the fact that, in impact uniformity. Transportation Engineers’’ 1988 Edition addition to State MUTCDs or FHWA also proposes to combine a ITE, and ‘‘Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Supplements, any policies, directives, Standard paragraph and an Option Heads: Light Emitting Diode (LED) or other supplemental documents that a paragraph regarding the replacement of Vehicle Arrow Traffic Signal State or other agency might issue to non-compliant traffic control devices, Supplement’’ 2007 Edition ITE). FHWA address traffic control devices are relocated from the Introduction, into a also proposes to delete four publications considered supplements to the MUTCD single Standard. FHWA proposes this from the existing list of useful sources and must be in substantial conformance revision to streamline existing language. of information (‘‘Roundabouts—An with the national MUTCD. This Informational Guide (FHWA–RD–00– proposed change is for clarification FHWA also proposes to remove 12 067)’’ 2000 Edition FHWA, ‘‘Purchase purposes and does not represent a rows in Table 1B–1 (existing Table I–2), Specification for Flashing and Steady change to existing requirements. titled, ‘‘Target Compliance Dates Burn Warning Lights’’ 1981 Edition ITE, Lastly, FHWA proposes to add Established by the FHWA.’’ FHWA ‘‘Traffic Detector Handbook’’ 1991 Guidance indicating that traffic control proposes this revision since these rows Edition ITE, and ‘‘Traffic Signal Lamps’’ devices that have been granted Interim contain requirements with previously 1980 Edition ITE). Lastly, FHWA Approval, but which have not yet been established compliance dates that have proposes to update several of the listed adopted into the national MUTCD, passed or will have passed by the date publication editions. FHWA proposes should not be included in State of the publication of the Final Rule these revisions to reflect the most MUTCDs or Supplements. FHWA resulting from this NPA. Related to this current and applicable supporting proposes this revision to clarify the proposed change, FHWA proposes to publications and to delete any process for such cases because the delete additional compliance dates from references to publications that are technical conditions or status of an the table that are in effect at the time obsolete or have been superseded. In Interim Approval are provisional in this NPA is published, but expire prior concert with this change, FHWA also nature and can change before adoption to the effective date of the Final Rule. into the MUTCD. Adoption into State proposes Standard and Support FHWA also proposes to add three new Manuals or Supplements can create a paragraphs to explain how specific compliance dates to Table 1B–1 editions of the resources listed apply to burden for those States for which a (existing Table I–2). For Section 2C.25 the new edition of the MUTCD. legislative change would be required to 8. FHWA proposes to add a new comply with any new or revised Low Clearance Signs, the compliance Section 1A.06, titled, ‘‘Uniform Vehicle provisions that FHWA might issue. date of five years from the effective date Code—Rules of the Road,’’ with text FHWA proposes this change to ensure of the final rule for this edition applies relocated from the existing Introduction that an Interim Approval can to the proposed new Standard requiring and from existing Section 1A.02, plus accommodate flexibility by responding that if used, Low Clearance Overhead additional new Support text to explain readily to any changes that might signs shall indicate the portion of the the current status of the Uniform become necessary. structure with low clearance if the Vehicle Code. FHWA proposes these 11. FHWA proposes to add a new posted clearance does not apply to the revisions to provide clear guidance on Section 1B.03, titled, ‘‘Compliance of entire structure to indicate the point of the application of the Uniform Vehicle Devices,’’ with text relocated from the applicability. The proposed changes Code. existing Introduction and existing were based on recommendations from 9. FHWA proposes to add a new Sections 1A.07 and 1A.10. FHWA the National Transportation Safety Section 1B.01, titled, ‘‘National proposes this revision to consolidate Board (NTSB) H–14–11 4 to provide Standard,’’ with text relocated from the information regarding the compliance of signing indicating the proper lane of existing Introduction. As a part of this traffic control devices to streamline and travel for over height vehicles traveling change, FHWA proposes to revise improve the usability of the MUTCD. under an arched structure. existing Paragraph 2, Sentence 2, of the FHWA also proposes to revise an For Section 8B.16 High-Profile Introduction, from a Standard to a existing Standard relocated from Grading Crossings, the compliance date Support, as it is a statement of fact Section 1A.07 to Support. FHWA of five years from the effective date of rather than a mandate of the MUTCD. proposes this revision since the the final rule for this edition applies to Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a new statement is of fact rather than a the proposed new Guidance Standard indicating the types of mandate of the MUTCD. recommending the installation of Low FHWA also proposes to add a new facilities to which the MUTCD shall Ground Clearance and/or Vehicle Support paragraph clarifying the status apply and not apply, per 23 CFR Exclusion and detour signs for vehicles of devices or applications not 655.603(a). FHWA proposes this with low ground clearances that might specifically addressed in the Manual. revision to make the MUTCD easier for hang up on high-profile grade crossings. FHWA proposes this revision to address users to understand its applicability, The proposed compliance date applies a common misperception that an particularly for smaller agencies and only to those locations with known application of a device is allowed if it individual owners of roads open to histories of vehicle hang-ups occurring is not explicitly prohibited in the public travel. because sufficient geometric criteria do 10. FHWA proposes to add a new Manual, even if that application is not not currently exist by which agencies Section 1B.02, titled, ‘‘State Adoption addressed in the Manual. In those cases could evaluate crossings to determine and Conformance,’’ with text relocated in which there might be some question the specific types of vehicles that could from the existing Introduction and as to whether an application that is not be problematic. The proposed changes existing Section 1A.07. FHWA proposes specifically mentioned in the MUTCD were based on recommendation from this revision to consolidate information might be allowed, an individual is about the adoption of the MUTCD by encouraged to seek an official 4 The NTSB report can be viewed at the following States and other Federal agencies and interpretation, in which FHWA can internet website: https://www.ntsb.gov/ substantial conformance of State evaluate whether such application is investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/ MUTCDs and Supplements. consistent with the provisions for that HAR1401.pdf.

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NTSB H–18–24 5 to provide signing for Interim Approvals, FHWA proposes to of ‘‘engineering study’’ is a specific high-profile grade crossings. add Support paragraphs to provide recommendation of Item 531 of the 20- For Section 8D.10 through 8D.13 further clarity on official rulings. Year Vision and Strategic Plan for the Highway Traffic Signals at or Near 16. In proposed new Chapter 1C MUTCD.7 Grading Crossings, the compliance date Definitions, Acronyms, and FHWA also proposes to add of ten years from the effective date of Abbreviations Used in this Manual, definitions for the following: ‘‘active the final rule for this edition applies to FHWA proposes to replace existing grade crossing,’’ ‘‘agency,’’ the determination and installation of the Section 1A.13 with two new Sections. ‘‘application,’’ ‘‘bicycle signal face,’’ appropriate treatment (preemption, Section 1C.01, titled, ‘‘Definitions of ‘‘bicycle symbol signal indication,’’ movement prohibition, pre-signals, or Headings Used in this Manual’’ would ‘‘blank-out sign,’’ ‘‘busway,’’ ‘‘diagnostic queue cutter signals) at highway-rail cover definitions of the headings used team,’’ ‘‘driveway,’’ ‘‘driving aisle,’’ grade crossings in close proximity to in the MUTCD (such as Standard, ‘‘dynamic message sign,’’ ‘‘engineer,’’ signalized intersections. FHWA Guidance, etc.). Section 1C.02, titled, ‘‘exclusive alignment,’’ ‘‘fail-safe,’’ proposes this compliance date due to ‘‘Definitions of Words and Phrases Used ‘‘four-quadrant gate system,’’ ‘‘general- the high potential for train-vehicle in this Manual’’ would cover definitions purpose lane,’’ ‘‘gore area,’’ crashes at locations where a vehicle of the words and phrases used in the ‘‘identification marker,’’ ‘‘jughandle traveling in a platoon can come to a stop MUTCD. FHWA proposes this revision turn,’’ ‘‘loading zone,’’ ‘‘low-volume on a crossing unintentionally due to a to provide clarity between definitions of rural road,’’ ‘‘mixed-use alignment,’’ queue from a downstream signalized the headings and definitions of words ‘‘on-street parking,’’ ‘‘option lane,’’ intersection. and phrases used throughout the ‘‘parking space,’’ ‘‘professional engineer 12. FHWA proposes to replace Manual. (P.E.),’’ ‘‘queue cutter signal,’’ existing Section 1A.10 with seven new FHWA also proposes to revise the ‘‘reconstructed,’’ ‘‘rectangular rapid- Sections numbered from 1B.03 through definition of a Standard in Section flashing beacon,’’ ‘‘right-of-way, public 1B.09. The seven new Sections are 1C.01 to indicate that in limited cases, highway,’’ ‘‘semi-exclusive alignment,’’ Section 1B.03 (Compliance of Devices), the results of a documented engineering ‘‘serviceable,’’ ‘‘shoulder,’’ ‘‘sidewalk Section 1B.04 (Issuance of Official study might indicate that a deviation grade crossing,’’ ‘‘signal dimming,’’ ‘‘site Rulings Related to this Manual), Section from one or more requirements of a roadways open to public travel,’’ ‘‘swing 1B.05 (Official Interpretations), Section Standard provision to be appropriate. gate,’’ ‘‘through train,’’ ‘‘toll road 1B.06 (Experimentation), Section 1B.07 FHWA proposes this revision based on (facility),’’ ‘‘uncontrolled approach,’’ (Changes to the MUTCD), Section 1B.08 Official Ruling No. 1(09)–1(I).6 and ‘‘variable message sign.’’ FHWA (Interim Approvals), and Section 1B.09 17. In proposed Section 1C.02 proposes these revisions because these (Requesting Official Interpretations, Definitions of Words and Phrases Used terms either are used or are proposed for Experiments, Changes to the MUTCD, or in this Manual, FHWA proposes to use in the MUTCD. Interim Approvals). FHWA proposes revise the existing definitions for the In addition, FHWA proposes to delete this revision to improve the following: ‘‘active grade crossing the existing definitions for the organization of material regarding warning system,’’ ‘‘actuated operation,’’ following: ‘‘advance preemption,’’ official interpretations, ‘‘actuation,’’ ‘‘channelizing line ‘‘advance preemption time,’’ ‘‘average experimentations, changes to the markings,’’ ‘‘constant warning time train day,’’ ‘‘cantilevered signal structure,’’ MUTCD, interim approvals, and detection,’’ ‘‘conventional road,’’ ‘‘concurrent flow preferential lane,’’ procedures for requesting any of these ‘‘crashworthy,’’ ‘‘delineator,’’ ‘‘end of roadway marker,’’ ‘‘interval actions. ‘‘emergency-vehicle traffic control sequence,’’ ‘‘maximum highway traffic 13. In proposed Section 1B.06 signal,’’ ‘‘engineering judgement,’’ signal preemption time,’’ ‘‘minimum Experimentation, FHWA proposes to ‘‘engineering study,’’ ‘‘flashing,’’ ‘‘full- warning time,’’ ‘‘right-of-way transfer revise existing Section 1A.10, Paragraph actuated operation,’’ ‘‘highway traffic time,’’ ‘‘simultaneous preemption,’’ and 11, and change from Guidance to signal,’’ ‘‘in-roadway lights,’’ ‘‘wayside equipment.’’ FHWA proposes Standard. In addition, FHWA proposes ‘‘intersection,’’ ‘‘logo,’’ ‘‘median,’’ these revisions because these terms are to add Standards, Support, and ‘‘minimum track clearance distance,’’ either proposed for deletion from the Guidance paragraphs further addressing ‘‘overhead sign,’’ ‘‘parking area,’’ Manual as part of this document or used the experimentation process. FHWA ‘‘paved,’’ ‘‘pedestrian clearance time,’’ only once in a specific section of the proposes these revisions to clarify and ‘‘pedestrian facility,’’ ‘‘pictograph,’’ Manual. streamline the experimentation process ‘‘preemption,’’ ‘‘pre-signal,’’ ‘‘private FHWA also proposes to delete the for agencies wishing to experiment with road open to public travel,’’ ‘‘queue definition for ‘‘safe-positioned’’ and novel traffic control devices or clearance time,’’ ‘‘quiet zone,’’ ‘‘raised relocate this information to Part 6. applications. pavement marker,’’ ‘‘road user,’’ ‘‘semi- FHWA proposes this revision because 14. In proposed Section 1B.08 Interim actuated operation,’’ ‘‘sign,’’ ‘‘sign this term is only used in that Part of the Approvals, FHWA proposes to revise panel,’’ ‘‘sequence of indications,’’ MUTCD. existing Section 1A.10, Paragraph 18, ‘‘statutory speed limit,’’ ‘‘traffic,’’ FHWA also proposes to delete the and change from Guidance to Standard. ‘‘traffic control device,’’ ‘‘traffic control definitions for ‘‘average day,’’ FHWA proposes this revision to clarify signal (traffic signal),’’ and ‘‘worker.’’ ‘‘cantilevered signal structure,’’ and streamline the interim approval FHWA proposes these revisions to ‘‘concurrent flow preferential lane,’’ and process. reflect accepted practice and ‘‘end-of-roadway marker.’’ FHWA 15. In proposed Section 1B.09 terminologies, and for consistency in proposes these revisions because these Requesting Official Interpretations, the usage of these terms in the MUTCD. 7 ‘‘20-Year Vision and Strategic Plan for the Experiments, Changes to the MUTCD, or The proposed revision to the definition Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices,’’ National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control 5 The NTSB report can be viewed at the following 6 Official Ruling No. 1(09)–1(I), dated October 1, Devices, January 9, 2014, can be viewed at the internet website: https://www.ntsb.gov/ 2010, can be viewed at the following internet following internet website: http://ncutcd.org/wp- investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/ website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ content/uploads/MUTCD/MUTCD-20-Year-Vision- HAR1801.pdf. reqdetails.asp?id=30. NCUTCD-Appvd-1-9-14-FINAL.pdf.

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terms are not used anywhere in the a single Section 1D.04, titled, the octagon for the STOP sign, shall not MUTCD. ‘‘Responsibility and Authority for be obscured by another sign mounted on 18. In Section 1C.03 (existing Section Traffic Control Devices.’’ With this the back of the assembly. This proposed 1A.14), retitled, ‘‘Meanings of Acronyms revision, FHWA proposes to delete the change is consistent with existing and Abbreviations Used in this last two sentences of Paragraph 1 as this provisions in proposed Section 2B.18 Manual,’’ FHWA proposes to delete the text is redundant with Section 1B. (existing Section 2B.10). FHWA acronyms/abbreviations ‘‘EPA’’ and FHWA also proposes to relocate proposes this revision to ensure that ‘‘TDD’’ and relocate the information to several existing paragraphs since they sign shapes that are of critical Part 2. FHWA proposes these revisions better align with content presented in importance are easily recognized, because these terms are only used in other Sections. because their unique shapes instantly that Part of the MUTCD. FHWA also proposes to delete an convey a unique message to road users. FHWA also proposes to delete the existing Support paragraph since all acronyms/abbreviations ‘‘HOT,’’ States have a law on the adoption of, Lastly, FHWA also proposes to add a ‘‘HOTM,’’ ‘‘HOTO,’’ ‘‘PCMS,’’ and and have adopted, the MUTCD. new Standard indicating that colors ‘‘RRPM.’’ FHWA proposes these FHWA also proposes to delete an shall be consistent across the face of a revisions because the terms are not used existing Guidance paragraph since this sign or panel, and that color gradients in the MUTCD text. text is redundant to paragraphs shall not be allowed. FHWA proposes Lastly, FHWA proposes to add the contained in other Sections. this revision to provide clarification due abbreviations ‘‘cd/lx/m2,’’ ‘‘ft,’’ ‘‘in,’’ FHWA also proposes to revise an to the technological capabilities of sign and ‘‘mi.’’ FHWA proposes these existing Standard paragraph to change printers, which have entered the market revisions because these abbreviations the word ‘‘advertisements’’ to ‘‘public in just the last few years. for light intensity and distances are used announcements or notices’’ because the 24. In Section 1D.07 (existing Section throughout the MUTCD. existing term can be misinterpreted to 1A.12) Color Code, FHWA proposes to 19. In Section 1D.01 (existing Section refer only to announcements of a add a Standard indicating that colors 1A.02), retitled, ‘‘Purpose and commercial nature. Principles of Traffic Control Devices,’’ In addition, FHWA proposes to delete shall be used only as prescribed in this FHWA proposes to revise the title to an existing Guidance paragraph because Manual for specific devices or reflect the content with the proposed the Standard paragraphs in this and applications. FHWA proposes this relocation of a paragraph from existing other sections define (1) the revision to clarify that the listed color Section 1A.01 to this section. Also, authorization for placement and, by definitions are general designations and FHWA proposes to revise the Guidance inference, removal of traffic control do not mean that any color can be about what makes a traffic control devices; and (2) the criteria or warrants applied in any combination or device effective by changing ‘‘meet five for the installation of traffic control orientation for non-standard signs. This basic requirements’’ to ‘‘be consistent devices. proposed change is for clarification with these principles.’’ FHWA proposes Lastly, FHWA proposes to add two purposes and does not represent a these revisions to clarify that the additional Support paragraphs to change to existing requirements. principles are recommendations rather emphasize further that the highway 25. FHWA proposes to create a new than requirements, as they are contained right-of-way is reserved for highway within a Guidance provision. Section 1D.08, titled, ‘‘Public Domain, related purposes in accordance with 23 Copyrights, and Patents,’’ with new In addition, FHWA proposes to add a CFR 1.23(b), and that States may adopt Standard and Support paragraphs. new Standard indicating that traffic restrictions on outdoor advertising that FHWA proposes this revision to clarify control devices used on site roadways resembles official traffic control devices, the existing provisions on this topic open to the public shall have the same which is required by 23 CFR 750.180 in shape, color, and meaning as those certain cases. with respect to traffic control devices, required by the MUTCD, unless 22. In Section 1D.05 (existing Section and that the meaning, appearance, exceptions are noted in the Manual. 1A.09) Engineering Study and operation, and application of traffic 20. FHWA proposes to add a new Engineering Judgment, FHWA proposes control devices as a road user Section 1D.02, titled, ‘‘Traffic Control to revise existing Support paragraphs. experiences them shall not be protected Device Characteristics and Activities,’’ FHWA proposes this revision based on by a patent, trademark, or copyright due with new text recommended by Item Official Ruling No. 1(09)–1(I),9 and to to its adverse impact on the very 527 of the 20-Year Vision and Strategic emphasize a clear understanding of the uniformity the MUTCD is intended to 8 Plan for the MUTCD. The proposed application of engineering studies and promote. However, their method of text describes seven characteristics and engineering judgement in this Manual. assembly, their method of manufacture, activities associated with traffic control 23. In Section 1D.06 (existing Section and their component parts can be, and devices. FHWA proposes this revision 1A.03) Design of Traffic Control often are, protected. since clarifying distinctions between Devices, FHWA proposes to revise Uniformity in the display of traffic types of traffic control device activities existing Guidance to clarify that a traffic would assist agencies in establishing the control devices is central to the control device’s design should be underlying foundation of the MUTCD. qualifications needed to perform the modified only in unusual circumstances As such, FHWA establishes the criteria selected activities. based on an engineering study or therein with uniformity in mind, 21. FHWA proposes to combine engineering judgment. existing Sections 1A.07 and 1A.08 into FHWA also proposes to add a new including a limitation on patents, Standard requiring that shapes that are trademarks, and copyrights associated 8 ‘‘20-Year Vision and Strategic Plan for the exclusive to a particular sign, such as with traffic control devices. This limited Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices,’’ prohibition on intellectual property National Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, January 9, 2014, can be viewed at the 9 Official Ruling No. 1(09)–1(I), dated October 1, associated with a traffic control device following internet website: http://ncutcd.org/wp- 2010, can be viewed at the following internet is stated in the MUTCD to be associated content/uploads/MUTCD/MUTCD-20-Year-Vision- website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ with the device’s ‘‘design and NCUTCD-Appvd-1-9-14-FINAL.pdf. reqdetails.asp?id=30.

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application provision contained in [the] MUTCD) must remain in the public delete existing P3 referencing Manual.’’ 10 domain and must not be covered by any definitions for various roadway types, FHWA occasionally receives requests patent that would preclude others from because the information is repetitive to approve patented traffic control freely producing the traffic control and not necessary. device concepts for potential open-road device. As a result, the road user will FHWA also proposes to revise this experimentation under the MUTCD always experience the same traffic Section to expand on the language from provisions, with the ultimate intent of control device for similar conditions in existing P1 regarding the use of signs on having the devices adopted in the the same way. a frequent basis to confirm rules of the provisions of the MUTCD through The purpose of addressing this aspect road or statutes. FHWA proposes a new rulemaking. FHWA believes that those of traffic control devices is due to the Guidance provision recommending that involved in the development of new adverse effect that protections on what agencies use temporary signs when traffic control devices, as well as the road user experiences would have determined necessary to advise of new highway agencies being requested to on uniformity in the message to the road regulations or as part of an educational experiment with these devices, could user. By virtue of patent or other campaign. FHWA also adds a benefit from further clarification of the protections on the message itself, recommendation on the placement of term ‘‘design and application provision’’ alternate messages would have to be permanent signs for rules of the road in of a traffic control device as provided allowed to address the same conditions adjacent jurisdictions. FHWA proposes for in the MUTCD, to understand better so as not to include infringement by this new paragraph to limit the amount which aspects of devices can be competitors. of signing along a given route to reduce patented, trademarked, or copyrighted. Based on the varying views that the sign clutter and the informational load In addition, FHWA continues to public has expressed in the past on this imposed on the road user and to reduce receive inquiries related to its recent topic, FHWA requests that commenters sign maintenance burdens on the rulemaking 11 that rescinded regulations provide sufficient detail and responsible maintaining agency. related to the procurement of patented explanation of how the proposal or 30. In Section 2A.02 (existing Section or proprietary products on highway alternatives would support both 2A.03) Standardization of Application, projects, which did not change the uniformity and cost-effectiveness of FHWA proposes to add a Support patent provisions of the MUTCD. Some traffic control devices, and enable their paragraph relocating certain information stakeholders believed that the removal manufacture without infringement on from existing Part 5 regarding the use of of restrictions on the procurement of protections enjoyed by patent holders. traffic control devices on low-volume patented or proprietary products either Specific references should be made to rural roads. FHWA proposes to did extend or should have extended to the proposed MUTCD text and to the redistribute the provisions of existing the patent provisions of the MUTCD as explanation provided in this document. Part 5 among the remaining parts. 26. FHWA proposes to create a new well. However, the limitation in the FHWA also proposes to delete the Section 1D.09 Advertising, with text MUTCD is based on uniformity and its second sentence of the Standard relocated from existing Section 1A.01. purpose is separate and distinct from 23 paragraph because the statement is In this Section, FHWA proposes to add CFR 635.411, which addresses the redundant and is implied throughout Acknowledgment signs to the existing procedures for the procurement of the Manual. items that are not considered proprietary products in highway 31. In Section 2A.04 (existing Section construction using Federal-aid funds. advertising, consistent with existing text in Part 2 for that type of sign. 2A.06) Design of Signs, FHWA proposes The MUTCD limitation on proprietary to eliminate the provision in the products necessarily excludes 27. In Section 1D.10 (existing Section 1A.15) Abbreviations Used on Traffic existing Standard P8 that allows for proprietary traffic control devices which minor changes to the proportion of claim protection on the message Control Devices, FHWA proposes to revise an existing Guidance paragraph symbols. FHWA proposes this change conveyed. The purpose of this because symbol designs are limitation is to ensure uniformity in the to be consistent with the notes in Table 1D–2 (existing Table 1A–2). standardized for recognition based on message. However, any other aspects of the specific proportions of the symbol, a device may be patented so long as the 28. In Section 1D.11 (existing Section 1A.04) Placement and Operation of and this statement contradicts the appearance, audible message, or other subsequent standard. aspects of the message conveyed remain Traffic Control Devices, FHWA proposes to add a Standard statement FHWA also proposes to delete the freely reproducible by all without existing Option P10 because the subject infringing on any proprietary rights or that, before any new highway, site roadway open to public travel, detour, of orientation is addressed in Section interests. 2A.09 (existing Section 2A.12). The proposed MUTCD language, or temporary route is opened to public travel, all necessary traffic control FHWA also proposes to add a new along with this document, provides Standard to clarify that, except where further clarification and background on devices shall be in place. FHWA proposes this revision to consolidate explicitly allowed, the substitution of a this subject matter. The information word legend for a symbol legend is clarifies what aspects of a traffic control similar Guidance text in existing Section 3A.01 regarding markings and prohibited where the standard sign device can and cannot be patented or legend uses the specific symbol, as it otherwise protected. In general, the similar Standard text in existing Section 6B.01 regarding signs, and because it is contravenes uniformity in recognition component parts of a traffic control and messaging to road users. This device may be patented or otherwise important that all necessary traffic control devices be in place before new proposed change is for clarification protected, but how the device is to purposes and does not represent a appear and operate to the observer (i.e., roads, detours, or temporary routes are opened to public travel. change to existing requirements, and is how it would be specified in the consistent with changes included in the Discussion of Proposed Amendments to 2009 MUTCD, which discontinued a 10 From the Introduction, Paragraph 4, 2009 Chapter 2A Signs—General MUTCD, which is available at the following number of alternate standard signs with internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/. 29. In Section 2A.01 Function and word legends for which the primary 11 84 FR 51023 (September 27, 2019). Purpose of Signs, FHWA proposes to standard sign included a symbol legend.

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FHWA proposes to add a new specifying the location, maximum letter accompanied by an educational plaque Standard that prohibits an alternative heights, and letter color. where engineering judgment determines sign design or dimensions when there is 32. In Section 2A.05 (existing Section that the plaque would improve road a standard sign provided in the Manual 2A.09) Shapes, FHWA proposes to add user comprehension during the or detailed in the ‘‘Standard Highway a new Guidance provision with transition from word message to symbol Signs’’ publication, except where recommendations for mounting a signs. specifically allowed. FHWA also diamond-shaped warning sign where FHWA also proposes to change the proposes a related Standard for lateral space is constrained. FHWA also existing Option regarding the use of standardized sign layouts that might proposes a new Option to allow a mirror images of symbols from a have a variable length legend, but vertically oriented rectangle for the Guidance to an Option to allow the use otherwise have a standard dimension. legend of the warning sign when the of mirror images, rather than FHWA proposes this change because the methods contained in the Guidance are recommend their use, thereby allowing standardized designs are often of impractical. Further, FHWA proposes to more flexibility. recognizable form as well as message. add a new Standard prohibiting other Finally, FHWA proposes to eliminate FHWA also proposes to add a Support modifications to sign shapes, such as the Option to use recreational and paragraph regarding the use of special cutting off the left and right points of a cultural interest area guide sign symbols word legend signs that may be unclear diamond, resulting in a vertical on streets or highways outside of a to road users. FHWA proposes this hexagon. FHWA proposes these changes recreational and cultural interest area. addition to encourage evaluation of to ensure consistency and recognition of FHWA proposes this change for such signs to determine comprehension sign shapes and to clarify that consistency with other proposed or possible misinterpretation. ‘‘modifying’’ a sign to fit into changes in Chapter 2M. FHWA proposes to delete Guidance constrained locations cannot result in a 36. In section 2A.10 (existing Section P15 and revise Standard P14 that new, non-standard shape. 2A.14) Sign Borders, FHWA proposes to describes provisions related to the range 33. In Section 2A.07 (existing 2A.11) revise the Standard by incorporating of allowable information and graphical ‘‘Dimensions,’’ FHWA proposes to add language from existing Section 2E.16 symbols affixed to the face and back of a Standard to prohibit the use of larger requiring the border of a sign be the a sign. FHWA updates this paragraph to sign sizes where a maximum allowable same color as the legend to outline the reflect similar forms of information to sign size is prescribed. FHWA proposes shape and ease recognition. those listed in the existing P14 and this to provide consistency in sign FHWA proposes this change to proposes to prohibit the following dimensions. account for the proposed elimination of additional items unless otherwise FHWA also proposes to revise the Standard in Section 2E.16 and specified for a specific sign: Telephone existing Guidance P8 to allow for provide more specific justification for numbers, metadata tags (‘‘hash-tags’’), specific exceptions to the increase in the Standard, and because this quick-response (QR) codes, bar codes, or size of supplemental plaques for larger provision applies to all signs in general. other graphics for optical scanning. In signs. FHWA proposes this change FHWA proposes to revise the conjunction with this change, FHWA because some plaques are not allowed to Guidance to recommend that, on proposes to revise Option P16 to allow be enlarged beyond the size specified. unusually large signs with oversized for the use of these items for signs that 34. In Section 2A.08 (existing Section letter heights and other legend elements, are intended and oriented for viewing 2A.13) Word Messages, FHWA proposes the border width be 21⁄2 inches wide by pedestrians only. FHWA proposes to add a new Standard requiring all and not exceed 3 inches in width. these changes to consolidate like word messages to be aligned FHWA also proposes to add a Support information. horizontally across a sign, reading left to statement that provides reference to FHWA proposes to revise the right, except as provided otherwise in Section 2A.20 (existing Section 2A.07) Standard regarding pictographs to the Manual. FHWA proposes this regarding the use of LED units within require that they be devoid of QR codes, change to allow for signs that require a the border of a sign. bar codes, or other graphics designed for vertically oriented message, such as 37. In Section 2A.11 (existing Section optical scanning for the purpose of Reference Location signs and the Depth 2A.15) Enhanced Conspicuity for obtaining information to be consistent Gauge sign, and to make explicit that Standard Signs, FHWA proposes to with the Standard language described words are prohibited on retroreflective revise Option P1 to add a maximum above. sign post strips for enhanced period of 6 months for the NEW plaque FHWA proposes to add a Standard to conspicuity. Though this requirement to be displayed, adding DO NOT ENTER clarify the existing prohibition of has always been inherent in the designs and WRONG WAY signs to the signs Business Identification (formerly Logo) of the standardized signs in the that are not allowed to be supplemented sign panels from being displayed on MUTCD, the proposed statement by a warning beacon, and allow a signs except as specifically provided in clarifies the intent. rectangular rapid-flashing beacon the Manual. FHWA proposes this FHWA also proposes to add a (RRFB) to supplement a Pedestrian or change as a conforming edit, which Standard statement that requires School warning sign at an uncontrolled, would not change the existing distances displayed on signs to be in a midblock crosswalk. FHWA proposes underlying requirement. fraction format, not decimal, except as these changes based on common FHWA proposes to reiterate and provided otherwise in the Manual. practice and the proposed addition of expand the existing Standard from FHWA proposes this change to be the RRFB to the Manual (proposed Section 2B.10 prohibiting items other consistent with language found in other Chapter 4L). than traffic control signs from being Chapters and standardized signs FHWA proposes to delete the existing mounted on the back of a sign. throughout the Manual. Standard prohibiting the use of the FHWA proposes to add an Option 35. In Section 2A.09 (existing Section NEW plaque alone, because plaques by permitting the display of date of 2A.12) Symbols, FHWA proposes to definition may not be used alone. As a fabrication, sign designation, sign size, clarify the Guidance statement to result, this text is unnecessary. and manufacturer name on the front of indicate that new standardized warning FHWA also proposes to revise the a sign face, as well as a Standard or regulatory symbol signs should be Standard to clarify that the display of

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any legend or other information on the reinforce the importance of separating their proliferation in order to maintain retroreflective strip on a sign support is critical regulatory and warning their effectiveness; that signs should be prohibited. FHWA adds this Standard information from guidance information used conservatively; and that sign because some agencies have added so that road users are not overloaded clutter be avoided. FHWA also proposes vertically arranged supplemental with important information all at one to modify the second sentence to specify legends in substandard letter sizes on location. that route signs and directional guide retroreflective strips. The existing 39. In Section 2A.14 (existing Section signs for primary routes and Option allowing retroreflective strips 2A.18) Mounting Height, FHWA destinations should be used frequently does not allow for supplemental proposes to add a new Standard stating at strategic locations because their use legends. FHWA adds this language to that minimum mounting heights promotes efficient operations by clarify the existing provisions. prescribed in this Section shall not keeping road users informed of their FHWA also proposes to add a supersede those necessary for crash location. Standard statement that prohibits the performance of sign installations that In concert with this change, FHWA installation of duplicate signs on the are required to be crashworthy. FHWA proposes a new Support statement same post facing the same direction of proposes this change to remind users of describing sign clutter consistent with traffic. The allowable methods of the importance of crash performance of Official Ruling No. 2–669(I) 12 as well as enhancing conspicuity do not currently sign installations that are required to be information regarding vanity signs, allow this practice, and FHWA proposes crashworthy, as stated in existing which are signs that are requested by an this addition to clarify that current provisions of the Manual. interested party, but are not essential practices of this type are not appropriate 40. In Section 2A.15 (existing Section for, or have no relation to, traffic means for enhancing conspicuity. 2A.19) Lateral Offset, FHWA proposes control. As part of these changes, FHWA 38. In Section 2A.12 (existing Section to relocate existing P7 to Section 2A.17 also proposes new Guidance statements 2A.16) Standardization of Location, (existing Section 2A.21) because the recommending that signs and other FHWA proposes to add a new Figure Option statement permitting the use of traffic control devices be installed and 2A–5 to illustrate the relative locations existing supports is more appropriate in maintained from a systematic of Regulatory, Warning, and Guide the Posts and Mountings section. In standpoint rather than individually. Signs on an urban signalized concert with this change, FHWA FHWA proposes these changes because intersection approach to help clarify proposes to delete P8 because the of the increased proliferation of signs, typical signing at these complex Standard is unrelated to the lateral often installed separately over time, situations for practitioners. offset of the sign installation and serves which reduces the effectiveness of signs FHWA proposes to change the second no purpose since the location is and distracts road users at decision sentence of the existing Standard to a prescribed under other provisions in the points and other locations requiring Guidance, because the use of the posted Manual. heightened attention. or 85th-percentile speed for determining 41. In Section 2A.17 (existing Section 43. In Section 2A.20 (existing Section the appropriate sign spacing is just one 2A.21) Posts and Mountings, FHWA 2A.07), retitled, ‘‘Retroreflection and factor, and there may be other factors proposes to add the Option statement Illumination,’’ FHWA proposes to add a that are more appropriate. Changing this relocated from Section 2A.15 (existing new Standard that requires the use of an to a Guidance statement provides Section 2A.19) permitting the use of opaque or non-retroreflective material agencies with more flexibility to use the existing supports. As part of this for a black legend or background. Under factors they determine, through change, FHWA proposes to add a headlamp illumination, retroreflective engineering judgment or study, to be Support statement referring readers to black appears as white, which creates a most appropriate. lateral and height placement criteria for conflict with the existing requirement FHWA also proposes to add a Guidance and Standards contained in for signs to appear similar under Guidance provision to recommend that this Manual for such signs. where certain signs indicate an action FHWA also proposes to delete the daytime and nighttime conditions. by a road user in the left lane or at the Option paragraph regarding adding FHWA proposes this addition to resolve left-hand side of a one-way road, such retroreflective strips to sign posts this conflict. FHWA also proposes to add two as Merge signs, the sign should be because it is redundant to Section 2A.11 Support statements regarding the use of located on the left-hand side of the (existing Section 2A.15). In concert with LED units. In concert with these roadway. In the case of a divided road, this change, FHWA proposes to retain a additions, FHWA also proposes to the sign should be located in the median reference and relocate the Standard revise existing Standards P7 through if adequate width is available. paragraph to Section 2A.11 (existing P10 and add two new Standards FHWA also proposes revising the Section 2A.15). existing Guidance to recommend that at FHWA also proposes to add a regarding the pitch and placement along locations where there are conflicts Standard with requirements regarding the edge of a sign to incorporate between the installation of regulatory the placement of equipment for additional provisions for LED units to and warning signs and a guide sign, that powering electronic components of a ensure that adequate legibility would be the guide sign should be relocated to sign, including solar panels, when such maintained. another appropriate location where it equipment is mounted to a sign support. 44. In Section 2A.21 (existing Section would still be effective. FHWA also FHWA proposes these requirements to 2A.08) Maintaining Minimum proposes the recommendation that in retain crashworthiness performance of Retroreflectivity, FHWA proposes to other cases, such as at a decision point, the sign installation as well as to avoid add to Guidance recommendations for the guide sign should take precedence obscuring the face or shape of the sign. the visual inspection and revised over other signs whose locations are not 42. FHWA proposes to relocate and assessment or management methods as critical to an immediate decision or renumber existing Section 2A.04 that should be used to maintain sign action necessary by the road user. In all Excessive Use of Signs, to Section 12 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 2–669(I), dated cases, careful attention should be given 2A.19. FHWA proposes clarifications in November 20, 2009, can be viewed at the following to minimizing sign clutter. FHWA P1 recommending signs should be used internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ proposes this additional information to and located judiciously, minimizing resources/interpretations/2_669.htm.

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retroreflectivity at or above the because they are already covered in distance between the stop line and the minimum levels in Table 2A–5 (existing existing Section 2A.06. far side sign is more than 120 feet. Table 2A–3) and that signs that are FHWA also proposes to revise P5 FHWA proposes this to provide below the minimum levels should be from Guidance to Standard. FHWA also additional signing for turning vehicles replaced. In addition, FHWA proposes proposes to apply the Standard to LED at the near side of the intersection to to add paragraph headings to define signs for a part-time message and supplement the far side sign at an which methods are management indicate the color scheme of regulatory increased distance. methods and which are assessment messages displayed with LEDs. In 50. FHWA proposes to delete existing methods, and to include the three concert with this change, FHWA also Sections 2B.04 (Right-of-Way at procedures that make up the visual proposes adding an Option and two Intersections), 2B.06 (STOP Sign assessment method. FHWA proposes Standard paragraphs pertaining to the Applications), 2B.07 (Multi-Way Stop these additions to clarify the types of use of LEDs in the border of a sign and Applications), and 2B.09 (YIELD Sign methods and to place information that the display of regulatory signs in a full Applications) and replace them with is currently available in other resources matrix changeable message sign, new Sections 2B.06 through 2B.18, as in one location. respectively. FHWA proposes these described below, to address 45. In Section 2A.22 (existing Section changes to provide uniformity in the comprehensively the need for warrants 2A.23), retitled, ‘‘Median Opening application LEDs in traffic control signs for no control, yield control, stop Treatments for Divided Highways,’’ and changeable message signs. These control, or all-way stop control. FHWA FHWA proposes to delete the existing changes are necessary to ensure a proposes these changes to incorporate Guidance and add new consistent appearance in the sign legend the results of a NCHRP Project 03–109,14 recommendations for signing a divided regardless of the type of display, which proposed general considerations, highway crossing as separate whether static, illuminated, or alternatives to changing right-of-way intersections when specific conditions changeable. control, and forms of unsignalized are present. FHWA also proposes to add 49. In Section 2B.03 Size of control from least restrictive to most a new Figure 2A–6 to illustrate the new Regulatory Signs, FHWA proposes to restrictive, beginning with no control recommendations. FHWA proposes add a Standard statement regarding the and concluding with all-way stop these changes to provide additional size of regulatory signs on low-volume control. details for road user safety, based on the roads with operating speeds of 30 mph 51. In Section 2B.04 (existing Section results of recently completed research or less, to capture the language provided 2B.05) STOP Sign (R1–1) and ALL– on this topic.13 in the existing Part 5 text that has been WAY Plaque (R1–3P), FHWA proposes redistributed among the remaining to delete P5 regarding the use of the Discussion of Proposed Amendments to parts. FHWA also proposes to delete P6, ALL–WAY Plaque because it is Chapter 2B Regulatory Signs, requiring the use of 36″ x 36″ STOP redundant with the preceding Barricades, and Gates signs on multi-lane approaches, because paragraph. 46. As part of the reorganization to that requirement already exists in 52. FHWA proposes to add a new improve usability of the MUTCD, existing P3 and Table 2B–1. FHWA also section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section FHWA proposes to include subchapter proposes to delete P7 and P8 requiring 2B.06 General Considerations,’’ headings in Chapter 2B to organize the use of 36″ x 36″ STOP signs on side incorporating some paragraphs from sections into related groupings. FHWA roads that intersect with multi-lane existing Section 2B.04 and proposed proposes the following subchapters in streets of 45 mph or higher speed limits, new general Support and Guidance Chapter 2B: General; Signing for Right- even if the side road is not multi-lane, paragraphs regarding signing for right- of-Way at Intersections; Speed Limit because this may place an undue of-way at intersections. FHWA proposes Signs and Plaques; Movement and Lane burden on agencies to change existing adding the Support regarding the types Control Signs; Passing Keep Right and 30″x 30″ signs at such locations. of right-of-way control that can exist at Slow Traffic Signs; Selective Exclusion FHWA proposes to revise existing an unsignalized intersection based on Signs; Do Not Enter, Wrong Way; One- Guidance P9 and add a new Guidance the research results of NCHRP Project Way and Related Signs and Plaques; paragraph to allow the use of single lane 03–109.15 FHWA proposes adding Item Parking, Standing, Stopping, and or multi-lane conventional road sign G, suggesting the presence of a grade Emergency Signs; Pedestrian Signs; sizes on ramps that connect crossing near an intersection as a factor Traffic Signal Signs; Road Closed and expressways or freeways to intersections to consider when selecting a form of Weight Limit Signs; Other Regulatory with a conventional roadway. FHWA traffic control. FHWA proposes this Signs, and Barricades and Gates. proposes this change, because the additional item to address the potential 47. In Section 2B.01 Application of operating characteristics of exit ramps for resultant queues at an intersection Regulatory Signs, FHWA proposes to connecting expressways or freeways to that may extend toward a nearby grade delete portions of existing Standard P3 other expressways or freeways are crossing. and all of P4 requiring signs to be the different from those connecting 53. FHWA proposes to add a new same shape and similar color by day expressways or freeways to section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section and by night and restricting street conventional roads. As a result, signs on 2B.07 Determining the Minor Road for lighting use for sign illumination, exit ramps connecting to conventional Unsignalized Intersections,’’ that because the information is repetitive roads do not require the larger size signs includes one Guidance paragraph from and covered elsewhere in the Manual. associated with a freeway or an existing Section 2B.04 and one 48. In Section 2B.02 Design of expressway. additional Guidance regarding criteria Regulatory Signs, FHWA proposes to Finally, FHWA proposes to add a for selecting the minor road to be delete existing Option P2 and P3 Standard requiring the use of a near side NO TURN ON RED or RIGHT (LEFT) 14 Potential MUTCD Criteria for Selecting the 13 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices and Measures for ON RED ARROW AFTER STOP sign, as Type of Control for Unsignalized Intersections, Deterring Wrong-Way Movements’’ NCHRP 881, http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/172596.aspx. 2018, can be viewed at the following internet applicable, to supplement a far side, 15 Potential MUTCD Criteria for Selecting the website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ single-lane sized R10–11, R10–11a, Type of Control for Unsignalized Intersections, 178000.aspx. R10–11b, or R10–17a sign when the http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/172596.aspx.

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controlled by YIELD or STOP signs. 2B. 14 All-Way Stop Control Warrant B: (R1–5 Series),’’ FHWA proposes to add FHWA proposes these criteria based on Sight Distance,’’ consisting of a portion a Support statement describing the the result of NCHRP Project 03–109.16 of one Support paragraph relocated from intent of the R1–5 series signs, which is 54. FHWA proposes to add a new existing Section 2B.07, plus a proposed to mitigate scenarios associated with section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section new Option paragraph regarding the pedestrian and vehicle visibility. 2B.08 Right-of-Way Intersection Control selection considerations for all-way stop FHWA proposes to revise the first Considerations,’’ with proposed new control based on sight distance. sentence of Standard P1 to address Guidance paragraphs regarding the 61. FHWA proposes to add a new confusion on the existing limitation of alternative treatments to consider prior section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section the R1–5 series signs that are only to converting to a more restrictive right- 2B.15 All-Way Stop Control Warrant C: appropriate for use on multi-lane of-way control. Transition to Signal Control or YIELD approaches where there is a multiple- 55. FHWA proposes to add a new Control at a Roundabout,’’ consisting of threat scenario that can block other section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section one proposed Option paragraph drivers’ and pedestrians’ views of one 2B.09 No Intersection Control,’’ regarding the selection considerations another. FHWA also proposes to change consisting of new Guidance and Option for all-way stop control based on a the last sentence of Standard P1 to statements regarding factors to consider transition plan to convert an correct an oversight in the 2009 Edition, when making a decision not to use intersection to signal control. prohibiting, rather than allowing, the intersection control. FHWA proposes 62. FHWA proposes to add a new use of the STATE LAW legend to be this new section specifically to include section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section displayed at the top of these signs information in the MUTCD regarding 2B.16 All-Way Stop Control Warrant D: because the sign applies to the specific conditions for consideration when 8-Hour Volume (Vehicle, Pedestrians, location for yielding or stopping in determining the need for intersection Bicycles),’’ consisting of one proposed advance of a specific crosswalk that is control. new Option paragraph regarding the occupied, rather than to the general 56. FHWA proposes to add a new selection considerations for all-way stop requirement to yield or stop at occupied section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section control based on the criteria included in crosswalks. 2B.10 Yield Control,’’ consisting of Table 2B–2. In addition, FHWA proposes to some text relocated from existing 63. FHWA proposes to add a new change the advance placement distance Sections 2B.06 and 2B.09, plus new section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section portion of Guidance P2 to a Standard, Guidance paragraphs regarding the use 2B.17 All-Way Stop Control Warrant E: requiring that the R1–5 series signs be of YIELD signs to control an Other Factors,’’ consisting of portions of placed 20 to 50 feet in advance of the intersection. FHWA proposes this an existing Option paragraph relocated nearest crosswalk line to ensure that change to combine information from existing Section 2B.07, plus one they adequately mitigate the multiple- regarding yield control in one location. proposed new Option paragraph threat scenario on a multi-lane 57. FHWA proposes to add a new regarding the selection considerations approach, which places pedestrians at section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section for all-way stop control based on other risk when a second vehicle blocks other 2B.11 Minor Road Stop Control,’’ factors. drivers’ view of pedestrians and the 64. In Section 2B.18 (existing Section consisting of one paragraph relocated pedestrians’ view of the vehicles 2B.10) STOP Sign or YIELD Sign from existing Section 2B.06, plus approaching in the adjacent lanes. Placement, FHWA proposes to remove proposed new Guidance paragraphs FHWA proposes this change to ensure existing Standard P4 through P6 regarding stop control on the minor road that the placement of the signs does not restricting the use of inventory stickers approach only. FHWA proposes this interfere with signs at the intersection and other items on STOP and YIELD new section to provide information and/or potentially cause signs, because those restrictions apply specific to the use of stop control on a misinterpretation as a Stop-controlled to all signs, not just STOP and YIELD minor approach. intersection either by approaching 58. FHWA proposes to add new signs, and therefor and proposes to traffic or traffic on the cross street, as section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section relocate this text to Chapter 2A. FHWA has observed in practice. 2B.12 All-Way Stop Control,’’ consisting FHWA proposes to add a Guidance FHWA also proposes to add an of one paragraph relocated from existing limiting supplemental plaques used in Option for the R1–5a and R1–5c signs Section 2B.07 and proposed new conjunction with a STOP or YIELD sign with the schoolchildren symbol in place Guidance and Standard paragraphs to those specified in the MUTCD. of the pedestrian symbol, provided that regarding warrants for all-way stop FHWA proposes this change to ensure the signs are only used in advance of a control. FHWA proposes this new consistency in the use of supplemental marked crosswalk that crosses an section to clarify the application of all- plaques mounted beneath STOP and uncontrolled multi-lane approach way stop control and provide an YIELD signs. within school zones. FHWA proposes introduction to the proposed new FHWA also proposes to add an this change to reflect Official sections (Sections 2B.13 through 2B.17) Option allowing the use of a TO Interpretation 2(09)–40(I),17 allowing related to all-way stop control warrants. TRAFFIC IN CIRCLE (R1–2bP) or TO 59. FHWA proposes to add a new ALL LANES (R1–2cP) plaque, mounted the use of the schoolchildren symbol in section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section below the YIELD sign, for locations the R1–5 series signs, similar to the R1– 2B.13 All-Way Stop Control Warrant A: where drivers must yield to traffic in a 6 series In-Street Pedestrian Crossing Crash Experience,’’ consisting of one multi-lane roundabout. FHWA proposes signs when used at an unsignalized proposed new Option paragraph this option to address situations that school crossing. 66. FHWA proposes to renumber and regarding the selection considerations occur when drivers at a multi-lane retitle existing Section 2B.12, ‘‘Section for all-way stop control based on crash roundabout are not anticipating the 2B.20 In-Street and Overhead Pedestrian experience. vehicle in the inside lane to maneuver 60. FHWA proposes to add a new to exit the roundabout. 17 65. In section 2B.19 (existing Section FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 2(09)–40(I), June 4, section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2012, can be viewed at the following internet 2B.11) Yield Here to Pedestrians Signs website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ 16 Ibid. and Stop Here for Pedestrians Signs interpretations/2_09_40.htm.

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and Trail Crossing Signs (R1–6 and R1– proposes to add an Option statement FHWA also proposes to add Support 9 Series)’’ to reflect the additional permitting the use of the In-Street to this section directing users to proposed Trail Crossing sign. FHWA Pedestrian and Overhead Pedestrian and FHWA’s Engineering Speed Limits web also proposes to revise existing Trail Crossing sign at intersections or page, which provides information on Standard P3 through P5 to include the midblock pedestrian crossings with where to find additional resources on proposed new Trail Crossing sign. flashing beacons, because flashing the methods and practices for setting FHWA proposes to clarify in Standard beacons do not display a green Speed Limits for specific segments of P3 that no more than one in-street sign indication, and therefore the use of this roads as well as tools to assist shall be placed in the roadway, on a sign would not conflict with the signal practitioners, such as USLIMITS2. lane line for a one-way roadway indication. FHWA also proposes to change the application, or on a median island. Finally, FHWA proposes to reword second sentence of P4 from Standard to FHWA proposes this change to existing Option P15 to clarify that both Guidance to recommend, rather than minimize sign proliferation in the the in-street and overhead mountings of require, that additional Speed Limit roadway and to prevent potential signs may be used together at the same signs be installed beyond major distraction due to an overuse of signs at crosswalk. intersections and at other locations a single location. FHWA proposes this 67. In Section 2B.21 (existing 2B.13) where it is necessary to remind road change as a conforming edit, which Speed Limit Sign (R2–1), FHWA users of the applicable speed limit. would not change the existing proposes to reorganize and revise FHWA proposes this change because underlying requirement, in response to material based on the NTSB’s engineering judgment is involved to an apparent misinterpretation of the recommendation 18 to review how speed determine what constitutes a major existing provisions as evidenced by a limits are determined. FHWA proposes intersection. number of technical inquiries and to move and revise Guidance P10, 12, FHWA also proposes to modify observations of noncompliant field and 13 and Option P16 to earlier in the existing paragraph 9 to reference the deployments. section to clarify the factors that should Reduced Variable Speed Zone (W3–5b) FHWA proposes to change existing be considered when establishing or and Truck Speed Zone (W3–5c) signs in Option P7 to a Standard and add a new reevaluating speed limits within speed conjunction with their addition to Standard to require that if used, the In- zones. FHWA proposes changes to Chapter 2C. As part of this change, Street or Overhead Pedestrian or Trail reinforce the stated understanding that FHWA also proposes to add an Option Crossing sign shall be used as a other factors, in addition to the 85th- for the use of an END VARIABLE SPEED supplement to a Pedestrian Crossing percentile speed, have a role in setting LIMIT (R2–13) sign at the downstream (W11–2) or Trail Crossing (W11–15) speed limits. FHWA retains reference to end of a variable speed zone to provide notice to road users of the termination warning sign with a diagonal 85th-percentile speed as a factor that downward-pointing arrow (W16–7P) of the zone. should be considered, particularly for plaque at the crosswalk location. FHWA FHWA also proposes, in conjunction freeways and expressways, as well as for proposes this change to ensure that if an with the above, a Standard statement rural highways, except those in in-street or overhead sign is used, that requiring an END TRUCK SPEED LIMIT urbanized locations within rural the appropriate non-vehicular warning (R2–14) sign be installed at the regions. FHWA also retains reference to sign is in place to ensure uniformity in downstream end of the zone. This the setting of speed zones in broad application at crosswalks. FHWA Standard is necessary to ensure that terms, thereby allowing agencies to proposes this change as a conforming road users receive notice of the establish detailed criteria based upon edit, which does not change the existing termination of a truck speed zone where national guidance or based upon underlying requirement, in response to trucks are allowed to resume the general an apparent misinterpretation of the research, outside the MUTCD. In regulatory speed limit. existing provisions as evidenced by a addition to providing comment on this In addition, FHWA proposes to revise number of technical inquiries and proposed change, FHWA also requests existing P18 to replace the term observations of noncompliant field comment on the following additional ‘‘changeable message sign’’ with deployments. recommendations of the NTSB report: ‘‘variable speed limit sign’’ to reflect the FHWA proposes to add an Option (1) Removal of the 85th-percentile speed sign type more accurately. FHWA also allowing In-Street Pedestrian or Trail as a consideration in setting speed proposes to add a Standard statement Crossing signs to be mounted back to limits regardless of the type of roadway requiring the variable speed limit sign back in the median or on the centerline (this recommendation was based in part legend ‘‘SPEED LIMIT’’ to be a black of an undivided roadway. FHWA on the assumption that that the 85th- legend on a white retroreflective proposes this option to minimize the percentile speed can increase over time background, consistent with the number of in-street obstructions at the as a result of the posted speed limit); standard legend and background on a crossing. and (2) the requirement to use an expert Speed Limit sign. FHWA also proposes FHWA also proposes to clarify in system to validate a speed limit that has in this Standard statement to require the Standard P8 that the In-Street been determined through engineering variable speed limit legend on a variable Pedestrian or Trail Crossing sign and the study. Commenters are also requested to speed limit sign to be indicated by Overhead Pedestrian Crossing or Trail address likely outcomes if one or more white LEDs on an opaque black sign shall not be used at crosswalks on of the other recommendations in the background. FHWA proposes to add this approaches controlled by a traffic report, such as increased automated Standard to clarify the text, as indicated control signal, pedestrian hybrid enforcement, were not implemented in in Official Ruling No. 2(09)–3(I). beacon, or an emergency vehicle hybrid conjunction with the speed-setting Finally, FHWA proposes to delete beacon. FHWA proposes this recommendations outlined in the report. existing Option P19 and Guidance P20 clarification to eliminate conflict and add a Support statement referencing between the sign that says STOP or 18 NTSB report ‘‘Reducing Speeding-Related Section 2C.14 for provisions for the use Crashes Involving Passenger Vehicles,’’ can be YIELD and a green signal indication on viewed at the following internet website: https:// of a Vehicle Speed Feedback sign, to a traffic control signal or hybrid beacon. www.ntsb.gov/safety/safety-studies/Documents/ group that information in Chapter 2C In concert with this change, FHWA SS1701.pdf. Warning signs.

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68. FHWA proposes to renumber and operation of the sign. In concert with far side of the intersection is determined retitle existing Section 2B.14 to ‘‘Section this change, FHWA proposes to add a to be needed, then the proposed 2B.22 Vehicle Speed Limit Plaques (R2– Standard statement regarding the use of revision to Standard P1 would allow for 2P Series)’’ to reflect proposed changes blank-out LED signs and the allowable other signs to be mounted overhead and in the section to clarify that a legend LED colors, to reflect current practice. aligned with each lane adjacent to the similar to TRUCKS XX may be used for FHWA also proposes to add a new signals. FHWA proposes this change as other vehicles on a speed limit plaque. Option statement to allow the use of a conforming edit, which would not FHWA proposes this change to provide permanently mounted signs change the existing underlying agencies with more flexibility in speed incorporating a supplementary legend requirement. limit signing for various vehicle types, showing the vehicle class restriction FHWA also proposes to delete the and to streamline processes by making where the movement restriction applies first phrase of Standard P4, which it easier for agencies to specify and to certain vehicle classes. FHWA specifies the use of the Mandatory fabricate such plaques by standardizing proposes to add this language to provide Movement Lane Control symbol signs the more common legends. agencies with flexibility in signing when the number of lanes available to 69. FHWA proposes to retitle existing movement prohibitions for various through traffic is three or more. FHWA Section 2B.16 to ‘‘Section 2B.24 vehicle classes without having to mount proposes to remove this requirement to Minimum Speed Limit Plaque (R2–4P) a plaque. promote uniformity, since there is and Combined Maximum and Minimum FHWA also proposes to add a already an existing post-mounted Speed Limits (R2–4a) Sign’’ to reflect Standard statement describing the version of the sign (R3–7). In concert both the plaque and sign that are design of the blank-out part-time with this change, FHWA proposes to currently discussed in the existing electronic display for the Movement delete existing Guidance P5 in this Section. In concert with this change, Prohibition sign. This Standard is section. FHWA also proposes to add a sentence necessary to ensure design consistency FHWA proposes to add a Guidance to the existing Standard to clarify that and uniformity in appearance with statement recommending the use of the the R2–4P plaque, if used, must be static signs used for the same purpose. EXCEPT BUSES or EXCEPT BICYCLES installed below the R2–1 sign, which is 72. In Section 2B.27 (existing Section plaque where the lane restriction does a stated condition of the existing Option 2B.19) Intersection Lane Control Signs not apply to buses or bicycles. paragraph that immediately follows. (R3–5 through R3–8), FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes to delete FHWA proposes this change as a to change Standard P6 to Guidance to existing Option P9 regarding the back- conforming edit, which would not reinforce that the use of an overhead to-back mounting of a Mandatory change the existing underlying intersection lane control sign on one Movement Lane Control (R3–5) sign for condition of the Option. lane of an approach does not require the a left-turn lane and Keep Right (R4–7) 70. In Section 2B.25 (existing Section use of overhead intersection lane signs, because the Mandatory Movement 2B.17) Higher Fines Signs and Plaque control signs on the other lanes of that Lane Control (R3–5) sign is for overhead (R2–6P, R2–10, and R2–11), FHWA same approach, yet such signs can be mounting and therefore installing a proposes to change the first sentence of used. In concert with this change, Keep Right (R4–7) sign on the back is existing Standard P1 to Guidance to FHWA proposes a slight modification to not appropriate. reflect the recommendation, rather than Guidance P3 to clarify the independent FHWA proposes to add an Option the requirement, to use a BEGIN use of signs. FHWA proposes this allowing the use of proposed new post- HIGHER FINES ZONE (R2–10) sign or a change to clarify the application of these mounted LANE FOR LEFT TURN ONLY FINES HIGHER (R2–6P) plaque to signs and eliminate potential confusion and LANE FOR U AND LEFT TURNS provide notice to road users. This with the use of the signs. ONLY (R3–19 series) signs on the proposed change would give agencies FHWA also proposes to remove median at the start of the taper to be more flexibility in determining whether Option P7 as the mounting requirements used in situations where a left-turn lane to install such signs and plaques, are specifically outlined in the specific is added at a median location. FHWA particularly those States that have Intersection Lane Control sections that proposes these new signs to standardize higher fines by statute in school zones, follow. the message for which a number of work zones, and other locations. 73. In Section 2B.28 (existing Section States use a variation. 71. In Section 2B.26 (existing Section 2B.20) Mandatory Movement Lane FHWA proposes to revise Option P11 2B.18) Movement Prohibition Signs Control Signs (R3–5, R3–5a, R3–7, R3– to indicate that the BEGIN RIGHT TURN (R3–1 through R3–4, R3–18, and R3–27), 19 Series, and R3–20), FHWA proposes LANE (R3–20R) and the BEGIN LEFT FHWA proposes to add a Guidance to change the second sentence of TURN LANE (R3–20L) signs may be recommending the use of Movement Standard P1 to Guidance to provide used in situations where the turn lane Prohibition signs only to prohibit a turn flexibility as to where to place certain may not be apparent. FHWA proposes or through movement from an entire Mandatory Movement Lane Control this revision to clarify when it is approach and not to designate signs. appropriate to use the sign because movements that are required or In concert with this change, FHWA other standard signs exist to indicate a permitted from a specific lane or lanes also proposes to revise existing mandatory turn lane. on a multi-lane approach. FHWA Standard P3 to prohibit explicitly the FHWA proposes to add a new proposes this additional language to R3–7 sign from being mounted at the far Guidance statement describing the prevent the use of multiple conflicting side of the intersection, incorporating recommended use of the DO NOT movement prohibition signs along an the existing Standard P1 that requires DRIVE ON SHOULDER (R4–17) sign at approach where lane use signs and these signs to be located in advance of locations where the transition from a pavement markings would be more the intersection. FHWA proposes this paved shoulder to a mandatory turn appropriate. change to reinforce the existing lane might not be apparent and traffic FHWA proposes to revise the first requirement, which is intended to avoid regularly enters the shoulder to access item under Option P12 to replace the confusion with the sign applying to a the turn lane. FHWA proposes this term ‘‘changeable message sign’’ with downstream intersection as has been language to clarify the method to less specific language describing the demonstrated in practice. If a sign at the address this condition. Use of the

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BEGIN RIGHT TURN LANE sign is not because, if used in advance of the lane are present, all traffic should be in the intended for these situations. tapers, the sign and the available lanes right lane. The meaning of this sign is 74. In Section 2B.29 (existing Section would not match; therefore, the sign to indicate that the left lane is for 2B.21) Optional Movement Lane Control would not help a driver discern which passing only; therefore, the message on Sign (R3–6 Series), FHWA proposes to lanes are added and could result in the sign is only appropriate for change the 2nd sentence of Standard P1 uncertainty due to its ambiguous roadways with two-lanes in the same to Guidance to provide flexibility as to message. direction of travel. where to place the Optional Movement FHWA proposes a new Standard 80. In Section 2B.40 (existing Section Lane Control signs. statement to prohibit mounting an 2B.32), retitled, ‘‘Keep Right and Keep FHWA proposes to add a standard U- Advance Intersection Lane Control sign Left Signs (R4–7 Series, R4–8 Series),’’ and Left-Turn symbol Optional at the far side of an intersection to FHWA proposes to add a new Guidance Movement Lane Control sign R3–6a and which it applies. FHWA proposes this statement recommending the word a standard oblique multiple left symbol statement to reinforce placement in legend (R4–7a, R4–7b, R4–8a, or R4–8b) Optional Movement Lane Control sign advance of the intersection either along signs should be used instead of the R3–6b with specific reference in the the lane tapers or at the beginning of the symbol (R4–7 or R4–8) signs to Standard P1. FHWA proposes this turn lane. This Standard is necessary in emphasize the degree of curvature away change to provide for left-turn lanes order to avoid potential confusion with from the approach direction where the from which a U-turn is allowed, such as the sign applying to a downstream approach end of the island channelizes at median left-turn lanes as well as intersection. traffic away from the approach where there are multiple left turn angled FHWA proposes a new Standard direction, such as on a loop ramp, to movements that can be made from the statement requiring the R3–5bP and R3– define the intended uses of signs that lane. 5fP to be mounted above the R3–8 sign, have similar legends better. FHWA proposes to relocate and revise when the R3–8 sign only shows the two FHWA also proposes additional existing Standard P5 to incorporate the outermost lanes of the roadway. FHWA Option, Support, and Standard requirement that the Optional adds this sign to display a complete statements regarding the use of the Keep Movement Lane Control sign be message to the road user to comprehend Right sign on medians on divided mounted overhead in Standard P1. In the application when not all of the lanes highways, as the result of recent concert with this change, FHWA are being shown on the R3–8 series sign. research,19 to provide more clarity proposes to delete existing Guidance P6, 76. FHWA proposes to renumber and regarding the proper use and placement because Optional Movement Lane retitle existing Section 2B.23 ‘‘Section of these signs. Control signs are mounted overhead, not 2B.31 Right (Left) Lane Must Exit Signs 81. FHWA proposes to add a new post-mounted. The R3–8 Advance (R3–33, R3–33a)’’ to provide specific section numbered and titled, ‘‘2B.45 Intersection Lane Controls signs are reference to and information regarding ALL TRAFFIC Sign (R4–20) and RIGHT post-mounted. the use of the proposed new R3–33a (LEFT) TURN ONLY Sign (R4–21)’’ to FHWA proposes to delete existing sign, a vertical rectangle version of the include new Options, Guidance, and Option P7 because the arrows on the R3–33 sign for use in limited right-of- Standards regarding the use of the sign indicate permitted movements and way situations. subject signs. FHWA proposes to add the text ‘‘OK’’ is repetitive and not 77. In Section 2B.33 (existing Section this section to allow for additional signs needed. 2B.25) BEGIN and END Plaques (R3– at intersections where movement 75. In Section 2B.31 (existing Section 9cP, R3–9dP), FHWA proposes to delete prohibition and One-Way signs do not 2B.22) Advance Intersection Lane the Standard statement, and instead adequately convey the allowable Control Signs (R3–8 Series), FHWA proposes to incorporate the proper direction of travel. proposes to add TAXI, BUS, BIKE or placement of the plaque into the Option 82. In Section 2B.46 (existing Section bicycle symbol to the allowable word statement, because placement of the 2B.39) Selective Exclusion Signs, messages that may be used within the plaque does not warrant a Standard FHWA proposes to add provisions for a border in combination with arrow statement. new No Snowmobiles Symbol sign (R9– symbols on Advance Intersection Lane 78. In Section 2B.34 (existing Section 15) that may be used where Control signs. FHWA proposes to 2B.26) Reversible Lane Control Signs snowmobiles are prohibited on remove OK and ALL from the optional (R3–9e through R3–9i), FHWA proposes roadways or shared-use paths. FHWA word messages as the lane control to add an Option statement indicating proposes this new symbol sign based on arrows are indicating this movement as that where longitudinal barriers separate research indicating that this symbol has allowable. opposing directions of traffic, the R3–9g high recognition value.20 FHWA also In addition, FHWA proposes to add or R3–9h signs may be omitted. proposes to include provisions for the an Option statement allowing the R3–8 FHWA also proposes to add a NO THRU TRAFFIC, NO THRU sign to be modified to show the bicycle Guidance statement to provide for TRUCKS, AND EXCEPT LOCAL lane with a white legend on a black consistency between parking signs and DELIVERIES plaque as typical exclusion background where bicycle lane is reversible lane signs where curb parking messages to reflect common practice. between two general purpose lanes. is allowed. FHWA proposes this to FHWA also proposes to add a FHWA proposes these changes to avoid confusion. reference to R5–10, which would provide additional options for alerting 79. In section 2B.38 KEEP RIGHT replace the current R5–10a sign. FHWA motor vehicles and bicyclists of EXCEPT TO PASS Sign (R4–16) and appropriate lane usage in advance of an SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT Sign 19 NCHRP Report 881 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices intersection. (R4–3), FHWA proposes to make and Measures for Deterring Wrong-Way FHWA also proposes to change revisions to Option P1 and Guidance P2 Movements,’’ can be viewed at the following existing Guidance P3 to clarify that the to clarify that the KEEP RIGHT EXCEPT internet website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ Advance Intersection Lane Control sign TO PASS sign is to be used where there 178000.aspx. 20 are two lanes in one direction of travel. ‘‘Synthesis of Non-MUTCD Traffic Signs’’, should be placed either along the lane FHWA, December 2005, p. 19, can be viewed at the tapers or at the beginning of the turn As currently written, ‘‘multi-lane’’ following internet website: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/ lane. FHWA proposes this change implies that no matter how many lanes view/dot/34772/dot_34772_DS1.pdf.

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proposes to revise the R5–10a to include the DO NOT ENTER sign to enhance the change because the statement is the legend ‘‘ON FREEWAY’’ below the conspicuity of the sign. nonspecific and Chapter 2A already primary legend. 85. In Section 2B.48 (existing Section contains language specifying that a Finally, FHWA proposes to eliminate 2B.38) WRONG WAY Sign (R5–1a), decision to use a particular device at a the word legend version of the NO FHWA proposes to add a Guidance particular location should be made on TRUCKS (R5–2a) as an alternate to the statement recommending the WRONG the basis of either an engineering study No Trucks (R5–2) symbol sign. FHWA WAY sign be placed on the same side or the application of engineering proposes this change for consistency of the road as the DO NOT ENTER sign. judgment. with word message signs where a FHWA proposes this language, as the In addition, FHWA revises Option P6 symbol sign exists. result of recent research,23 to provide to clarify that the low mounting height 83. In the proposed Sub-Chapter DO additional notification to road users that for an independent installation of a DO NOT ENTER, WRONG WAY, AND they are not to enter the roadway and NOT ENTER or WRONG WAY sign is ONE-WAY Signs and Related Signs and clarify the placement of the WRONG for locations along the exit ramp rather Plaques, FHWA proposes to reorganize WAY sign as it supplements the DO than at the intersection with the the sections so signs associated with NOT ENTER sign. crossroad. FHWA also proposes an wrong-way movements are consecutive FHWA proposes to add an Option Option to allow the installation of a sections rather intermixed with statement allowing the use of white or low-mounted WRONG WAY sign on the Selective Exclusion signs. In concert red LEDs within the border to enhance DO NOT ENTER assembly at the with these changes, FHWA proposes to the conspicuity of the sign. intersection with the crossroad, provide clarifications and correct 86. In section 2B.49 (existing 2B.41) provided that the DO NOT ENTER sign inconsistencies between the text and Wrong-Way Traffic Control at is mounted at a height consistent with figures related to wrong-way movement Interchange Ramps, FHWA proposes to the requirements for signs in general. signing, as the result of recent add items F (Lane control or movement FHWA proposes this change to ensure research.21 prohibition signs) and G (Keep Right that the basic signing is at the typical 84. In Section 2B.47 (existing 2B.37), signs) as traffic control devices that may mounting height a road user would ‘‘DO NOT ENTER Sign (R5–1),’’ FHWA be used to supplement the signs and expect to see, while still allowing signs proposes, as the result of recent pavement markings at interchange exit at a lower mounting height as a research,22 to clarify Standard P1 to ramp terminals where the ramp supplement that are intended for a require DO NOT ENTER signing where intersects a crossroad in such a manner potentially disoriented driver whose a two-way roadway becomes a one-way that wrong-way entry could vision might be focused at a lower roadway and near the downstream end inadvertently be made. FHWA proposes height. of an interchange exit ramp. FHWA this new language, as the result of recent 87. In Section 2B.50 (existing Section proposes to add a Standard paragraph research, to provide additional tools for 2B.40) ONE WAY Signs (R6–1, R6–2), requiring a DO NOT ENTER (R5–1) sign agencies to use to prevent vehicles from FHWA proposes, as the result of recent be installed at an intersection with a entering interchange exit ramps in the research,24 to replace all language divided highway where the crossing wrong direction. describing an intersection with a functions as two separate intersections, FHWA proposes to add a new Option divided highway that has a median except on low speed urban streets. In statement for the use of a NO LEFT width at the intersection itself of 30 feet concert with this change, FHWA TURN (R3–2) sign on the left side of with proposed new language that proposes to add Option statements interchange entrance ramps where the describes the crossing of a roadway with allowing the use of DO NOT ENTER ramp merges with the through roadway a divided highway as an intersection signs at an intersection with a divided and the design of the interchange does operating as single or separate highway where crossing functions as a not clearly make evident the direction of intersections. FHWA proposes these single intersection, as well as allowing traffic. This text supports the sign changes because it is important to base the omission of DO NOT ENTER signs shown in existing Figure 2B–19. FHWA the application of ONE WAY signing on at an intersection with a low speed also proposes that a supplemental R3– how the intersection functions, rather urban street that is a divided highway 2 sign may be located on the right side than the width of the median. at a crossing that functions as two of the entrance ramp at the gore if one FHWA also proposes to revise Option separate intersections. As part of these is installed on the left to provide P11 to indicate that a One-Direction changes, FHWA proposes to recommend agencies with greater flexibilities in Large Arrow sign may be used instead that if used at an intersection with a signing for wrong-way traffic control. of or in addition to a ONE WAY sign in divided highway that functions as a FHWA also proposes a new Option the central island of a circular single intersection, DO NOT ENTER statement and accompanying figure for intersection. FHWA proposes this signs should be placed on the outside the use of a ONE WAY sign and/or a NO change to reflect the proposed removal edge of the roadway facing traffic that TURNS (R3–3) sign on interchange of the Roundabout Directional Arrow might enter the roadway in the wrong entrance ramps where the ramp merges from the MUTCD. direction. Finally, FHWA proposes to with the through roadway and the In addition, FHWA proposes to add a delete existing Option P4, since it is design clearly indicates the direction of Standard statement specifying that incorporated in the proposed new flow, to provide agencies with greater when a One-Direction Large Arrow sign language in this section. flexibilities in signing for wrong-way is used without a ONE WAY sign, the FHWA also proposes to add an traffic control. R6–5P plaque shall be mounted below Option statement regarding the use of FHWA proposes to delete Option P5 the Yield sign on the approach to a white or red LEDs within the border of referencing special needs or prohibitive roundabout. FHWA proposes this to information. FHWA proposes this ensure that when only the One- 21 NCHRP Report 881 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices and Measures for Deterring Wrong-Way 23 NCHRP Report 881 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices 24 NCHRP Report 881 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices Movements,’’ can be viewed at the following and Measures for Deterring Wrong-Way and Measures for Deterring Wrong-Way internet website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ Movements,’’ can be viewed at the following Movements,’’ can be viewed at the following 178000.aspx. internet website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ internet website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ 22 Ibid. 178000.aspx. 178000.aspx.

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Direction Large Arrow is used that a flexibility for agencies to modify Symbol of Accessibility and not a regulatory message indicating the legends for specific regulations. modification thereof. FHWA proposes direction of movements is provided. To improve consistency in the this change as a conforming edit, which FHWA also proposes to delete P10 information provided in parking signs, would not change the existing and 13 because they are duplicative and FHWA proposes to expand the list of underlying requirement in Chapter 2A. contradictory, respectively, and parking information that should be FHWA proposes a new Guidance therefore not necessary to include in the displayed on signs existing in Guidance statement to incorporate provisions for MUTCD. P5 to include qualifying or Electronic Vehicle parking. The 88. In Section 2B.51 (existing 2B.42) supplementary information, exemptions proposed language is based on FHWA’s Divided Highway Crossing Signs (R6–3, to the restriction of prohibition, and Memorandum on Regulatory Signs for R6–3a), FHWA proposes similar tow-away message or symbol. Electric Vehicle Charging and Parking changes as the result of recent FHWA proposes to add a Standard Facilities.26 research,25 as described in proposed requiring the times and days for which FHWA proposes to delete the second Section 2A.22, to the text regarding the parking regulations are in effect to be and third sentences of existing Option description of a divided highway at a displayed on the signs if they are not in P14 regarding the color of the bus crossing that functions as separate effect all times of day or all days of the symbol and the use of transit logos on intersection(s), rather than referring to week. FHWA proposes this to ensure the R7–107 sign, or alternates, because the median width at the intersection. consistent signing methods in order to the text is not necessary and the use of 89. FHWA proposes to relocate and improve clarity for drivers wanting to transit logos on a sign may not be renumber existing Section 2B.44 as park. practical. In concert with this change, ‘‘Section 2B.52 Roundabout Circulation FHWA proposes to modify Option FHWA also proposes to delete the Plaque (R6–5P).’’ P18 regarding the use of word message existing R7–7 sign, because the R7–107, 90. FHWA proposes to delete existing plaques with the R8–3 series signs. as well as the R7–107a sign, are more Section 2B.43 Roundabout Directional FHWA proposes to remove the EXCEPT distinguishable, and there is no need for Arrow Signs, because the design of the SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS (R8–3bP), an additional sign. R6–4 series signs, for which there are 3 LOADING ZONE (R8–3gP), and X:XX FHWA proposes to delete P19 and 20 versions, confounds a warning sign with A.M to X:XX P.M.(R8–3hP) plaques as regarding color coding of parking time a regulation and, as a result, have these are generally in urban conditions limits. FHWA proposes this change to become prone to misuse. To address the and are already covered by the R7 series streamline the design of parking signs condition for which these signs were parking signs. FHWA proposes to and because the standard colors of the intended, this proposed change also modify the ON PAVEMENT (R8–3cP), parking signs have specific meanings as includes associated changes to the use ON BRIDGE (R8–3dP), ON TRACKS prescribed by the manual. In addition, of ONE WAY signs and the Large Arrow (R8–3eP), and EXCEPT ON the time limits are adequately displayed sign, as described above. SHOULDERS (R8–3fP) by removing the by the numbers on the signs. 91. As discussed above, FHWA plaque designations and combining the Finally, FHWA proposes new proposes to relocate and renumber word legends with the standard NO Guidance paragraphs at the end of the existing Section 2B.44 as ‘‘Section 2B. PARKING symbol (R8–3) sign. section regarding the use of legends 51 Roundabout Circulation Plaque (R6– FHWA proposes to change the legend other than those on standard parking 5P).’’ of the Emergency Snow Route (R7–203) signs and the letter height of the 92. FHWA proposes to delete existing sign to ‘‘Snow Emergency Route’’ to be principal legend. FHWA proposes these Section 2B.45 Examples of Roundabout consistent with the prevailing current new paragraphs to provide agencies Signing. Roundabouts have become very practice and the fact that the restrictions flexibility in creating specific signs common. The figures have been retained apply during a declared snow while maintaining uniformity in design in Chapter 2B; however, a separate emergency. provisions. section dedicated to examples is not FHWA proposes several changes in 95. In Section 2B.55 (existing Section needed. this section to incorporate electronic 2B.48) Placement of Parking, Stopping, 93. In Section 2B.53 (existing Section payment, change the term ‘‘pay and Standing Signs, FHWA proposes to 2B.46) Parking, Standing, and Stopping parking’’ to ‘‘metered parking’’ and add a Guidance statement Signs (R7 and R8 Series), FHWA other editorial changes to reflect current recommending signs placed at the head proposes to expand the Support practice and commonly used of perpendicular parking stalls to be statement to categorize parking signs nomenclature. This includes a proposed parallel to the roadway facing the into two categories: Prohibited parking Option statement to accompany a parking stall. FHWA proposes this and permitted parking with restrictions proposed new Mobile Parking Payment addition to promote uniformity and and provide examples of each category. plaque that may be installed below a clarity in signing parking stalls. 94. In Section 2B.54 (existing Section Metered Parking sign. FHWA proposes to change P4 from a 2B.47) Design of Parking, Standing, and FHWA also proposes to add an Standard to a Guidance to recommend, Stopping Signs, FHWA proposes to Option statement to allow the display of rather than require mounting parking revise Standard paragraphs 2–4 to maximum time limits that vary by time signs back to back at the transition point incorporate the proposed prohibitive of day or day of the week on the R7– between two parking zones, to provide and permissive parking sign 20 sign to be omitted and instead jurisdictions with flexibility when it classifications and provide additional displayed on the multi-space parking might be impractical to mount signs information on the design of such signs meter so that they are visible to back-to-back. in order to maintain consistency in pedestrians as they make payments. FHWA also proposes to relocate and general sign design, while also allowing FHWA also proposes to add a revise the Option statement regarding Standard statement immediately 25 NCHRP Report 881 ‘‘Traffic Control Devices preceding existing Standard P8, to 26 FHWA’s Memorandum on Regulatory Signs for and Measures for Deterring Wrong-Way Electric Vehicle Charging and Parking Facilities can Movements,’’ can be viewed at the following reiterate the existing requirement that be accessed at the following web address: https:// internet website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ the Accessible Parking (R7–8) sign mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/policy/ 178000.aspx. display only the official International rsevcpfmemo/.

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the use of signs to display blanket ON FLASHING YELLOW ARROW as R10–11b. FHWA proposes this regulations from existing Section 2B.47 (R10–12a) sign with Flashing Yellow change to designate consecutively the to this section, because this section Arrow signals. FHWA proposes this word only message sign designations. deals specifically with sign placement. change to promote uniformity in the use FHWA proposes to relocate existing 96. In Section 2B.56 (existing Section of signing for these signal applications. Option P4 and revise Option P5 to 2B.49) Emergency Restriction Signs FHWA proposes to add new Standard, indicate that a blank-out sign is the (R8–4, R8–7, R8–8), FHWA proposes to Support, Guidance, and Option primary Option for displaying a part- move existing Standard P3 to the statements regarding the use of a time NO TURN ON RED restriction. In beginning of the section and delete the proposed new LEFT TURN YIELD TO concert with this change, FHWA color red as a legend color, for Bicycles (R10–12b) sign to provide proposes an Option statement that consistency with non-standard legends, agencies with information regarding the allows the use of white LEDs in the as only black legends are allowed on use of this sign to notify turning border, and activated during periods of Emergency Restriction signs. motorists of the possibility for turn prohibition, to enhance sign 97. In Section 2B.57 (existing Section unexpected conflicting bicycle conspicuity. 2B.50), ‘‘WALK ON LEFT FACING movement at certain locations. 101. In Section 2B.62 (existing TRAFFIC and No Hitchhiking Signs FHWA also proposes to add Section 2B.55), retitled, ‘‘Photo (R9–1, R9–4, R9–4a),’’ FHWA proposes provisions for a new WAIT ON STEADY Enforced Signs and Plaques (R10–18, to change Standard P2 to Guidance to RED—YIELD ON FLASHING RED R10–19P, R10–19aP, R10–18a),’’ FHWA allow agencies greater flexibility in the AFTER STOP (R10–23a) sign as an proposes to add a new optional Traffic installation of the signs. alternative to the R10–23 sign at Signal Photo Enforced (R10–18a) sign 98. In Section 2B.59 (existing Section pedestrian hybrid beacons. The 2017 that may be installed on an approach to 2B.52) Traffic Signal Pedestrian and Traffic Control Devices Pooled Fund a signalized location where red-light Bicycle Actuation Signs (R10–1 through Study 27 evaluated the comprehension cameras are present on any approach to R10–4, and R10–24 through R10–26), and legibility of various alternatives for the signalized location. FHWA proposes FHWA proposes to revise Standard P1 signing at midblock hybrid beacon this new sign, and associated Option to clarify that where manual actuation pedestrian crossings. The results and Standard provisions, in accordance of a traffic signal is required for indicated that no significant differences with Interim Approval (IA–12) issued pedestrians or bicyclists to call a signal were found between the alternatives; November 12, 2010.28 phase to cross a roadway, traffic signs however, they did highlight the need for 102. In Section 2B.66 (existing related to pushbuttons at those traffic a sign, at least initially, while drivers Section 2B.59) Weight Limit Signs signals are required. FHWA proposes are learning what actions to take based (R12–1 through R12–7), FHWA this change to reduce the burden of sign on the flashing beacon. As a result, proposes to add Guidance statements installation on agencies. FHWA proposes to add a word message regarding the use of weight limit signs In addition, FHWA proposes to add a to indicate a structure has a vehicle new sign to the Option statement, sign for jurisdictions that determine the weight restriction. FHWA proposes to allowing for the use of a PUSH operational need at pedestrian hybrid add a Guidance statement BUTTON IS FOR AUDIBLE MESSAGE beacons. FHWA also proposes to add an recommending that the term used for ONLY (R10–3j) sign to provide agencies Option for a STOP HERE ON units shown on weight limit signs be with the option where a pedestrian FLASHING RED (R10–14b) sign to consistent within a State or region with pushbutton is only used to activate provide extra emphasis at an respect to pounds or tons. FHWA also accessible pedestrian features. emergency-vehicle hybrid beacon. proposes that the vehicle weight Similarly, FHWA proposes to add a new FHWA also proposes to add a restrictions be depicted based on gross sign to the Option statement allowing Standard to accompany a proposed new vehicle weight, and that weight per axle for the use of a sign that indicates the optional Turning Vehicles Stop for or empty vehicle weight should only be pedestrian button can be activated by Pedestrians (R10–15a) sign to remind used when required by local laws to either pushing or waving. Lastly, FHWA proposes to modify the drivers who are making turns to stop for depict weight restrictions in that legend of the R10–25 sign to ‘‘PUSH pedestrians, which shall be used only in manner. In conjunction with this BUTTON FOR WARNING LIGHTS— jurisdictions where laws, ordinances, or change, FHWA proposes to delete WAIT FOR GAP IN TRAFFIC.’’ FHWA resolutions specifically require that a existing Guidance P2 and P4 regarding proposes this change because these driver must stop for a pedestrian. axle weight limits. FHWA proposes this signs are used only at uncontrolled Lastly, FHWA proposes to add an change, in concert with the new Option crosswalk locations where pedestrian- Option statement allowing the use of a provisions related to Specialized activated warning beacons only alert U TURN SIGNAL (R10–10a) sign Hauling Vehicles and the proposed approaching traffic to the presence of a adjacent to a signal face that exclusively R12–6 sign which allows for a more pedestrian, but do not assign right-of- controls a U turn movement. comprehensive posting gross weight way to conflicting traffic streams, such 100. In Section 2B.61 (existing based on axle configurations and as with a traffic signal or hybrid-beacon. Section 2B.54) No Turn on Red Signs vehicle types. The proposed sign allows In such cases, pedestrians are required (R10–11 Series, R10–17a, and R10–30), for distinguishing a single-unit vehicle to wait for an acceptable gap in FHWA proposes to change the and a combination vehicle while vehicular traffic and not enter the designations of the No Turn on Red restricting to other vehicle types or roadway in the path of a vehicle which signs such that the word only message reducing the mobility of vehicles that is so close as to constitute an immediate signs are designated R10–11 and 10–11a should not be restricted. hazard. and the NO TURN ON RED with the FHWA proposes to delete existing 99. In Section 2B.60 (existing Section symbolic circular red sign is designated Guidance P3 regarding restrictions on 2B.53) Traffic Signal Signs (R10–5 27 ‘‘Comprehension and Legibility of Selected 28 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–12, November through R10–30), FHWA proposes to Symbol Signs Phase IV’’ Pooled Fund Study can be 12, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet add Option and Guidance for the use of viewed at the following internet website: http:// website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ a text version of a LEFT TURN YIELD www.pooledfund.org/Document/Download/7559. interim_approval/ia12/index.htm.

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trucks in residential areas, because the that station. FHWA also proposes to proposes the following subchapters in sign is not conveying a weight delete the existing Option statement Chapter 2C: General, Horizontal restriction, but rather a selective allowing the reverse color combinations Alignment Warning Signs, Vertical prohibition of trucks in a neighborhood. of the signs in order to support Grade Warning Signs and Plaques, A new NO THRU TRUCKS sign is being uniformity. Roadway Geometry Warning Signs, proposed in conjunction with this 104. In Section 2B.68 (existing Roadway and Weather Condition Signs change in 2B.52 to convey more Section 2B.61) TRUCK ROUTE Sign and Plaques, Traffic Control and effectively the intent of the restriction. (R14–1), FHWA proposes to change Intersection Signs and Plaques, Merging FHWA also proposes to add Support Option P2 to Support and revise the and Passing Signs and Plaques, and Option provisions related to statement to provide specific reference Miscellaneous Warning Signs, Specialized Hauling Vehicles, which are to existing Section 2D.20 regarding the Supplemental Plaques, and Object single-unit trucks with closely spaced use of the TRUCK auxiliary sign on Markers. axles, for which weight limit signs numbered alternative routes. FHWA 110. FHWA proposes to delete displaying restrictions based on the proposes this change so as not to existing Section 2C.01 Function of number of axles may be used. duplicate or conflict with the Warning Signs because this information FHWA proposes to add several information contained in Chapter 2D. is captured in Chapters 1A and 2A. Standard statements regarding the 105. FHWA proposes to add a new 111. FHWA proposes to renumber and symbols shown on the R12–5 and R12– section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section retitle existing Section 2C.02 to ‘‘Section 6 Weight Limit signs. The symbols used 2B.71 Move Over or Reduce Speed Sign 2C.01 Function and Application of are required to apply to all trucks of the (R16–3)’’ with an Option statement Warning Signs.’’ FHWA also proposes to type shown (single-unit, single-trailer or regarding the use of the subject sign to add a new Standard, referencing the multi-trailer) regardless of the shape of require motorists to change lanes and/or existing requirements in Chapter 2A, the vehicle. Symbolic representations of reduce speed when passing stopped requiring that all warning signs shall be other vehicle shapes or modifications of emergency vehicles on the shoulder. retroreflective or illuminated. FHWA standard symbols shall not be used in 106. FHWA proposes to renumber and proposes this change for consistency accordance with existing requirements retitle existing Section 2B.65 to ‘‘Section with Section 2B.01. in Chapter 2A. 2B.71 Minor Crashes Move Vehicles FHWA also proposes to delete all the FHWA also proposes to add a from Travel Lanes Sign (R16–4)’’ and Option and Support statements because Guidance statement recommending that rephrase the subject sign from ‘‘FENDER they restate information already covered Weight Limit signs show no more than BENDER’’ to ‘‘MINOR CRASHES.’’ in Chapter 1A. 3 symbols in order to promote driver FHWA proposes this change to align 112. In Section 2C.02 (existing comprehension. better with the various State laws and Section 2C.03) Design of Warning Signs, FHWA proposes to incorporate describe the type of crashes for which FHWA proposes to add a Support Guidance P7 into Standard P6 to the sign is intended. regarding the use of shapes other than require, rather than recommend that, if 107. FHWA proposes to add a new diamond-shaped for freeway overhead used, the Weight Limit sign, with an section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section installations and a reference to Chapter advisory distance ahead legend, shall be 2B.73 No Hand-Held Phones by Driver 2A for information on modifications located in advance of the applicable Signs (R16–15, R16–15a)’’ with an where lateral space is constrained. section of highway or structure so that Option statement regarding the use of FHWA proposes to revise Option P4 prohibited vehicles can detour or turn the subject sign, as State law applies, to to clarify that word message warning around prior to the limit zone. FHWA notify drivers that they are prohibited signs other than those provided in this proposes this change to give vehicles from using hand-held telephones while Manual may be developed and installed affected by weight limit restrictions driving. by State and local highway agencies for adequate information about the distance 108. In Section 2B.77 (existing conditions not addressed by standard to the restricted area so that they can Section 2B.68) Gates, FHWA proposes signs. FHWA proposes this additional properly change their route and to to delete Support P2 through P4 as they language to clarify the allowable use of minimize potential damage to highway are not needed. word message warning signs that are not infrastructure as a result of an FHWA also proposes to revise in the MUTCD. FHWA proposes this overweight vehicle. existing Standard P5 to include a clarification in response to an apparent FHWA proposes provisions for the minimum width of the reflective misinterpretation of the existing use of proposed new Emergency Vehicle sheeting. FHWA proposes this change to provisions, in which noncompliant field Weight limit signs to address conditions be consistent with the information deployments have unnecessarily where emergency vehicles can create provided in Part 8. modified the word legends of standard higher load effects compared to legal FHWA also proposes to delete signs where used for the condition loads. The R12–7 sign is for existing Standard P9 and 10 and stated in the MUTCD. independent use and the R12–7aP Guidance P12 regarding lateral offset of Finally, FHWA proposes to add an plaque is for use only in a sign assembly the gate arm and support, because this Option statement allowing the use of below a primary regulatory Weight is addressed in AASHTO design criteria static or flashing LEDs within the sign Limit sign. and reflects a design aspect better suited border to enhance the conspicuity of the 103. FHWA proposes to renumber and for other design manuals. sign. retitle existing Section 2B.60 to ‘‘Section 113. In Section 2C.03 (existing 2B.68 Vehicle Inspection Area Signs Discussion of Proposed Amendments to Section 2C.04) Size of Warning Signs, (R13–1 Series)’’ to provide more Chapter 2C Warning Signs and Object FHWA proposes to revise the Guidance flexibility in the use of R13–1 signs for Markers paragraph regarding the minimum size various types of inspections. In concert 109. As part of the reorganization to of diamond-shaped warning signs to with this change, FHWA proposes to improve usability of the MUTCD, restrict the provision to exit and add an Option statement allowing FHWA proposes to include subchapter entrance ramps at major interchanges modification to the legend to match the headings in Chapter 2C to organize connecting an expressway or freeway specific type of inspection conducted at sections into related groupings. FHWA with an expressway or freeway. FHWA

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also proposes to add a new Guidance horizontal alignment or to provide location of the hazard. To address the statement recommending 36″ x 36″ as guidance in navigation. FHWA also need to remind road users of the the minimum size for all diamond- proposes to delete existing Table 2C–5 advisory speed at a location shaped warning signs facing traffic on and replace it with two tables in downstream of the advance warning exit and entrance ramps at all other proposed Section 2C.06. As part of this location, FHWA proposes the interchanges. FHWA proposes these change, FHWA proposes to move the Confirmation Advisory Speed Plaque changes because the operating portion of the Standard related to speed (W13–1aP) described in proposed characteristics of a single lane ramp can differential to proposed Section 2C.06 Section 2C.59. be closer to that of a single lane so that it appears in the same section 120. In Section 2C.10 (existing conventional roadway than that of a with the referenced tables. FHWA Section 2C.12) One-Direction Large freeway, with the exception of freeway/ proposes these changes based on a Arrow Sign (W1–6), FHWA proposes to expressway to freeway/expressway research study 29 that evaluated advance revise Option P1 to allow use of the connections. The proposed language warning treatments at horizontal curves. One-Direction Large Arrow sign either reaffirms the minimum recommended 116. FHWA proposes to add a new as a supplement or alternative to sizes and larger sizes can be used based section numbered and titled ‘‘Section Chevron Alignment signs or delineators on engineering judgement, when 2C.06 Device Selection for Changes in to delineate a change in horizontal appropriate. Horizontal Alignment.’’ This proposed alignment. FHWA proposes this change FHWA also proposes to add a new section contains Standard, Support, to reflect the results of a recent study on Guidance statement regarding the size of and Option statements, as well as new driver response to traffic control warning signs used on low-volume rural tables, to assist practitioners in devices 30 and resulting desire to revise roads with operating speeds of 30 mph determining the type of device to be MUTCD language to clarify the use of or less to capture language in existing used in advance of horizontal curves on devices in areas with change in Part 5 FHWA proposes to redistribute freeways, expressways, and roadways. horizontal alignment. among the remaining parts. FHWA proposes this new section to FHWA also proposes to delete 114. In Section 2C.04 (existing assist practitioners with the selection of Standard paragraph 7 prohibiting the Section 2C.05) Placement of Warning the appropriate device for warning of a use of the One-Direction Large Arrow Signs, FHWA proposes to delete the change in horizontal alignment. sign in the central island of a second sentence of P3 because it is not 117. In Section 2C.07 Horizontal roundabout and instead proposes to needed as the preceding guidance Alignment Signs (W1–1 through W1–5, allow its use in a new Option. FHWA discusses placement with respect to W1–11, W1–15), FHWA proposes to edit proposes to allow the use of the sign in perception-reaction time and the use of and move P2 from a Standard to conjunction with the proposed changes engineering judgment as well as Guidance. FHWA proposes to to remove existing Section 2B.43 for referencing Section 2A for the recommend the use of a Turn (W1–1) Roundabout Directional Arrow Signs. placement of warning signs. sign instead of a Curve sign in advance FHWA proposes these changes to FHWA also proposes to delete P6 of curves where the advisory speed is provide agencies with an Option to use regarding the placement of warning half or less of the posted speed or a a warning sign within the roundabout signs that advise road users about speed differential of 25 mph or more. instead of, or in addition to, a One-Way conditions that are not related to a FHWA proposes these changes to allow sign to direct traffic counter-clockwise specific location, and instead include engineering judgment if a Turn sign around the central island. As part of that information in Table 2C–4. does not fit the field conditions. Also, these changes, FHWA proposes to add FHWA also proposes updates to Table the proposed change in criteria to a a Support statement referencing figures 2C–4 by referencing the 2018 AASHTO speed differential limits the use of the in Chapter 2B that show examples of Policy on Geometric Design of Turn sign where the sign would regulatory and warning signs for Highways and Streets, 7th Edition and otherwise be required on lower speed roundabouts. providing for advance placement roadways with small differentials 121. In Section 2C.11 (existing distances at higher speeds. FHWA also between the posted speed and the Section 2C.13), retitled, ‘‘Truck Rollover proposes to modify Condition B to place advisory speed. Sign (W1–13),’’ FHWA proposes to the AASHTO Stopping Sight Distance 118. In Section 2C.08 (existing revise the existing Option statement to minimum design guidelines in the ‘‘0’’ Section 2C.09) Chevron Alignment Sign be more specific regarding locations column for STOP conditions placing (W1–8), FHWA proposes to add Option where it may be appropriate to use the Advance Traffic Control signs further in and Standard statements regarding the sign in lieu of a horizontal alignment advance of the intersection providing use of LEDs when used within Chevron warning sign. In addition, FHWA greater advance notice of the critical Alignment signs to enhance the proposes to add a Guidance statement intersection stop condition, a factor of conspicuity. regarding the placement of the Truck safety for legibility distance, and more 119. FHWA proposes to delete Rollover sign. FHWA also proposes to space on the intersection approach for existing Section 2C.10 Combination add an Option allowing the use of a lane control and guide signing. Supplemental Horizontal Alignment/ Vehicle Speed Feedback (W13–20) sign 115. In Section 2C.05 (existing Advisory Speed Signs (W1–1a, W1–2a), in conjunction with a Truck Rollover Section 2C.06), retitled, ‘‘Horizontal because there is considerable evidence Warning sign. Alignment Warning Signs—General,’’ that the signs are not being used as a 122. FHWA proposes to combine FHWA proposes to delete the Standard supplement in accordance with the existing Sections 2C.14 and 2C.15 and statement regarding use of horizontal Standard, since many take on the form renumber and retitle the resulting alignment warning signs. Instead, of an Advance Warning sign and are section as, ‘‘Section 2C.12 Advisory Exit FHWA proposes new Option and placed in advance, rather than at the and Ramp Speed Signs (W13–2 and Guidance statements regarding various treatments, including items other than 29 ‘‘Traffic Control Device Guidelines for Curves,’’ 30 ‘‘Traffic Control Device Guidelines for Curves,’’ traffic control devices, and factors to Preliminary Draft Final Report, NCHRP Report 03– Preliminary Draft Final Report, NCHRP Report 03– 106, can be viewed at the following internet 106, can be viewed at the following internet consider for other traffic control devices website: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/ website: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/ to warn road users of a change in nchrp/docs/NCHRP03-106_FR.pdf. nchrp/docs/NCHRP03-106_FR.pdf.

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W13–3) and Combination Horizontal In a revised Option, where there is a vertical curve, the sign for the specific Alignment/Advisory Exit and Ramp need to remind road users of the condition beyond the vertical crest Speed Signs (W13–6 through W13–13).’’ recommended advisory speed, FHWA should be used rather than the HILL FHWA proposes to add Standard, proposes to allow a horizontal BLOCKS VIEW sign. FHWA proposes Guidance, and Option statements alignment warning sign with an these changes to provide agencies with clarifying the use of these signs, advisory speed plaque to be installed at options to provide more specific including how they are to be used a downstream location along the ramp. guidance to conditions to road users together, where applicable. FHWA also FHWA proposes new Guidance for about conditions ahead. proposes to reference the proposed new the installation of a horizontal 126. In Section 2C.18 (existing tables in Section 2C.06. alignment warning sign if there are Section 2C.20), retitled, ‘‘NARROW In the proposed new Standard, FHWA changes to the ramp curvature and the BRIDGE and NARROW UNDERPASS proposes to require that the ramp subsequent curves have advisory speeds Signs (W5–2, W5–2a)’’ and in Section geometries depicted on the Advisory that are lower than the initial ramp 2C.19 (existing Section 2C.21), retitled, Exit or Ramp Speed signs be limited to curve speed. ‘‘ONE LANE BRIDGE and ONE LANE the standard designs of the proposed FHWA also proposes a new Option UNDERPASS Signs (W5–3, W5–3a),’’ Combination Horizontal Alignment/ for the use of the One-Direction Large FHWA proposes to add Option Advisory Exit Speed and Combination Arrow (W1–6) sign beyond the exit gore statements that allow for the respective Horizontal Alignment/Advisory Ramp on the outside of the curve to provide sign to be omitted on low-volume rural Speed signs. While this limitation is additional warning of an immediate roads to capture language from existing implicit in the existing provisions of change in curvature. Part 5 that FHWA proposes to Section 2A.04 (existing Section 2A.06) FHWA proposes the changes in this redistribute among the remaining parts. that prohibit alternatives to standard new combined section to clarify the use In addition, FHWA proposes to add signs or other uses of symbols, FHWA of these signs and provide additional NARROW UNDERPASS and ONE LANE believes that a specific statement in this flexibility for their use on ramps where UNDERPASS signs where the same proposed Section would help to ensure the speed differential is small, or where conditions exist for an underpass. that the proposed Combination signs are road users need reminding of the 127. In Section 2C.24 (existing used only for those conditions at exit advisory speed. Section 2C.26), retitled, ‘‘DEAD END, ramps that are atypical or unexpected. 123. FHWA proposes to add a new NO OUTLET, and ROAD ENDS Signs This limitation would minimize overuse section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section (W14–1, W14–1a, W14–2, W14–2a, W8– of the Combination signs, which could 2C.13 Vehicle Speed Feedback Sign 26, W8–26a),’’ FHWA proposes to result in a reduction of their (W13–20, W13–20aP),’’ that contains change the term ‘‘cul-de-sac’’ to ‘‘turn- effectiveness. Where typical or expected Option, Standard, and Guidance around’’ in Option P1 to reflect the geometry exists at or near the ramp paragraphs regarding the use of an LED roadway geometry more accurately. terminal, the Advisory Exit or Ramp sign to displays the speed of an FHWA proposes to delete Standard P4 Speed (W13–2 or W13–3) signs would approaching vehicle back to the vehicle prescribing the design of the sign, continue to be used. FHWA proposes operator to provide warning to drivers because sign design details are required these new signs to provide agencies and of their speed in relation to either a to comply with existing requirements in practitioners greater flexibility to sign speed limit or horizontal alignment Chapter 2A. for various unexpected conditions at or warning advisory speed sign. FHWA Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a new near ramp terminals. In addition to the proposes this new section to provide Option for signs for ROAD ENDS and existing signs in the Manual that display additional information regarding the use STREET ENDS for use on the approach the 270-degree loop arrow (W13–6 and of these signs and plaques, as well as to the end of a conventional road or W13–7), FHWA proposes Exit and references to other portions of the street. In concert with these new signs, Ramp Combination signs depicting the Manual to assist with uniformity in the FHWA also proposes a Guidance following geometric conditions: The use of the signs and plaques. paragraph recommending the use of 180-degree horseshoe curve arrow, the 124. In Section 2C.14 (existing object markers to mark the end of the 90-degree turn arrow, and the truck Section 2C.16) Hill Signs (W7–1, W7– road or street if the new signs are used, rollover symbol and arrow. In this new 1a), FHWA proposes to remove the presuming that the need for the sign Standard, FHWA also proposes to Standard in P5 requiring that the would be based on low visibility of the incorporate an existing requirement percent grade supplemental plaque be end of the road or street. FHWA also previously contained in Table 2C–5 for placed below the Hill (W7–1) sign as the proposes a Standard statement the use of Advisory Exit Speed and Standard for the placement of a plaque prohibiting the use of the proposed new Advisory Ramp Speed signs on turning below a sign is contained in Section ROAD ENDS and STREET ENDS signs roadway exits and ramps when the 2C.57 ‘‘Use of Supplemental Warning at the entrance to a dead end road or difference between the speed limit and Plaques.’’ FHWA proposes this change street as the DEAD END and NO the advisory speed is 20 mph or greater. to remove unnecessary or repetitive OUTLET signs are designated FHWA also proposes to recommend content and streamline the Manual. specifically for that purpose. in a new Guidance that the Advisory 125. In Section 2C.16 (existing 128. In existing Section 2C.27, Exit Speed and Advisory Ramp Speed Section 2C.18) HILL BLOCKS VIEW renumbered and retitled, ‘‘Section 2C.25 signs on turning roadway ramps be used Sign (W7–6), FHWA proposes to revise Low Clearance Signs (W12–2, W12–2a, when the difference between the speed the Option and to add Guidance to W12–2b),’’ FHWA proposes several limit and the advisory speed is 15 mph indicate that the HILL BLOCKS VIEW revisions to clarify the signing practice or greater. FHWA also proposes to add sign may be used on the approach to a for locations where the clearance is less that Regulatory Speed Limit signs crest vertical curve where the vertical than 12 inches above the statutory should not be located in the vicinity of curvature provides inadequate stopping maximum vehicle height. FHWA exit ramps or deceleration lanes, sight distance at the posted speed limit, proposes these changes to provide particularly where they would conflict and that where such curve results in a agencies with additional information for with the advisory speed displayed on sight distance obstruction to a specific placing signs in advance of and on the Advisory Exit or Ramp Speed signs. condition beyond the crest of the structures with low clearance. The

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proposed changes were based on FHWA also proposes to combine and proposes to remove Option P5 regarding recommendations from NTSB H–14–11 revise existing Option statements to the design of intersection warning signs to provide signing indicating the proper allow for the use of LEDs within the to remove language that implies certain lane of travel for over height vehicles border of the sign to enhance classifications of roadways at an traveling under an arched structure.31 conspicuity. intersection may be of lesser As part of these changes, FHWA 135. FHWA proposes to add a new importance. proposes to designate the existing W12– section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section FHWA proposes to revise Guidance 2 sign as a Low Clearance Ahead sign, 2C.37 Actuated Advance Intersection P8 to exclude Grade Crossing and and the existing W12–2a and a proposed Signs (W2–10 through W2–12),’’ that Intersection Advance Warning (W10–2 new W12–2b sign as a Low Clearance contains Support, Option, and Standard and W10–3) signs from Intersection Overhead sign, to indicate the portion of paragraphs regarding the use of Warning signs that are prohibited on the structure with low clearance if the Actuated Advance Intersection Signs to approaches controlled by STOP signs, posted clearance does not apply to the allow agencies flexibility in YIELD signs, or signals. FHWA proposes entire structure. FHWA proposes a implementing warning systems in the this change because of the safety compliance date of 5 years based on the vicinity of traffic signals or other importance associated with these signs. critical nature of the infrastructure. intersection conflict areas. FHWA 140. In Section 2C.43 (existing 129. In Section 2C.26 (existing proposes these signs, and the associated Section 2C.47) Two–Direction Large Section 2C.28) BUMP and DIP Signs legends, based on information from a Arrow Sign (W1–7), FHWA proposes to (W8–1, W8–2), FHWA proposes to Pooled Fund Study.32 delete Standard P4 prohibiting the use change P3 from a Standard to a 136. FHWA proposes to renumber and of a Two–Direction Large Arrow Sign in Guidance statement to discourage, retitle existing Section 2C.52 as, the central island of a roundabout. rather than prohibit, the use of the DIP ‘‘Section 2C.39 NEW TRAFFIC FHWA proposes this change because the sign at a short stretch of depressed PATTERN and SIGNAL OPERATION MUTCD provides considerable guidance alignment that might hide a vehicle AHEAD Signs (W23–2, W23–2a)’’ to add and numerous examples of proper momentarily. FHWA proposes this a proposed new optional sign that signing at roundabouts and the use of change to give agencies more flexibility agencies may use to warn road users of the sign as described in the statement is in the placement of the DIP sign. changes in signal phasing. contrary to the definition of a 130. In Section 2C.28 (existing 137. In Section 2C.40 (existing roundabout and relevant MUTCD Section 2C.39) DRAW BRIDGE Sign Section 2C.38) Reduced Speed Limit provisions. (W3–6), FHWA proposes to delete the Ahead Signs, FHWA proposes to add 141. FHWA proposes to renumber and exception for use of a DRAW BRIDGE the Variable Speed Zone (W3–5b) and retitle existing Section 2C.48 to ‘‘2C.44 sign in urban conditions because it is Truck Speed Zone (W3–5c) Ahead signs Traffic Signal Oncoming Extended not necessary. in the Guidance and Standard Green Signs (W25–1, W25–2).’’ FHWA 131. In Section 2C.30 (existing paragraphs to provide agencies with proposes to delete the last sentence of Section 2C.31) Shoulder Signs (W8–4, standard signs to be used to inform road Standard P1 regarding the sign shape W8–9, W8–17, W8–23, and W8–25), users in advance of these reduced speed and orientation because the design is FHWA proposes to delete Standard P7 zone types. standardized. requiring that Shoulder signs be placed 138. FHWA proposes to add a new 142. In Section 2C.45 (existing in advance of the condition, because section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Section 2C.40) Merge Signs (W4–1, W4– that requirement is applicable to almost 2C.41 WATCH FOR STOPPED TRAFFIC 5), FHWA proposes to add a new all warning signs, and therefore is not Sign (W23–3).’’ The new section Guidance paragraph with needed as a separate Standard in this contains an Option to use a new recommendations for the orientation section. WATCH FOR STOPPED TRAFFIC Sign and location of the Merge signs. FHWA 132. FHWA proposes to add a new (W23–3) to warn road users of the also proposes to add a new Figure 2C– section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section possibility of vehicles stopped 11 illustrating the use of Merge signs. 2C.34 NO TRAFFIC SIGNS Sign (W18– unexpectedly in the travel lane. FHWA Lastly, FHWA proposes to change the 1),’’ that contains an Option statement proposes this change based on Synthesis existing Guidance P7 to a Standard to 33 that captures language from existing of Non-MUTCD Signing, which found prohibit the Merge sign from being used Part 5 that FHWA proposes to that at least 20 State agencies currently for a lane reduction rather than a redistribute among the remaining parts. use a sign that warns of the possibility merging roadway. FHWA proposes this 133. In Section 2C.35 Weather of stopped or almost stopped traffic due change to clarify the purpose of the Condition Signs (W8–18, W8–19, W8– to turns or other unexpected conditions, signs because standard signs already 21, and W8–22), FHWA proposes to and therefore recommends adding the exist to sign for the condition of a lane change Standard P2 to a Guidance to sign to the MUTCD. In accordance with termination and the Merge symbol sign provide agencies with flexibility in the this recommendation, FHWA proposes is not intended for any general merging placement of the Depth Gauge sign. to add the W23–3 to Figure 2C–4 and action. Rather, it is intended specifically 134. In Section 2C.36 Advance Traffic Table 2C–1. for the condition in which two Control Signs (W3–1, W3–2, W3–3, W3– 139. In Section 2C.42 (existing roadways merge, such as two ramps or 4), FHWA proposes to change the last Section 2C.46) Intersection Warning a ramp and main highway. sentence of Standard P1 related to Signs (W2–1 through W2–8), FHWA 143. In Section 2C.46 (existing visibility criteria for traffic control Section 2C.41), ‘‘Added Lane Signs 32 Intersection Conflict Warning System Human signals based on distances specified in (W4–3, W4–6),’’ FHWA proposes to add Table 4D–2 to a Guidance to allow Factors: Final Report, dated November 2016 can be viewed at the following internet website: https:// a new Guidance paragraph with agencies more flexibility. www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/ recommendations for the orientation 16061/16061.pdf. and location of the Added Lane signs. 31 NTSB Safety Recommendation H–14–11, is 33 Synthesis of Non-MUTCD Signing can be available at the following internet website: https:// viewed at the following internet website: https:// FHWA also proposes to illustrate the www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/ rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/34772/dot_34772_ use of the Added Lane signs on new Reports/HAR1401.pdf. DS1.pdf. Figure 2C–12.

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144. In Section 2C.47 (existing (RIGHT) Sign (W4–7).’’ The new section supplemental plaques to expand the Section 2C.42), retitled ‘‘Lane Ends contains an Option to use a new HEAVY options available to agencies to indicate Signs (W4–2, W9–1),’’ FHWA proposes MERGE FROM LEFT (RIGHT) XX FT that non-motorized users may be in the several changes to reflect the proposed Sign (W4–7) to provide supplemental roadway. FHWA proposes to delete the deletion of the LANE ENDS MERGE warning to advise road users of SHARE THE ROAD supplemental LEFT (RIGHT) (W9–2) sign. FHWA congested lanes at interchanges. A sign plaque, as discussed below. proposes deleting this sign, and instead with the legend THRU TRAFFIC 150. FHWA proposes to renumber and adds new Support and Guidance MERGE LEFT (RIGHT) was proposed in retitle existing Section 2C.08 as, statements to clarify the use of the Lane the 2008 NPA but was not adopted in ‘‘Section 2C.59 Advisory Speed Plaque Ends (W4–2) and RIGHT (LEFT) LANE the Final Rule. FHWA received a (W13–1P) and Confirmation Advisory ENDS (W9–1) signs, including how to request to include the THRU TRAFFIC Speed Plaque (W13–1aP)’’ to reflect the use them together, where applicable, to sign based on the Synthesis of Non- proposed addition of a new use for the warn road users of the reduction in the MUTCD Signing,35 which found that at optional plaque to supplement a One- number of lanes. FHWA proposes a least 11 State agencies currently use Direction Large Arrow Sign (W1–6) to Guidance statement to clarify the Lane such a sign and it should therefore be remind road users of the advisory speed Ends (W4–2) sign should be used to added to the MUTCD. FHWA proposes through the curve. The proposed W13– indicate the approximate location of the to add the W4–7 with a HEAVY MERGE 1aP plaque is redesignated from E13–1P, start of the lane taper. FHWA proposes FROM LEFT (RIGHT) XX FT legend to which is an existing plaque currently these changes and the deletion of the Figure 2C–8 and Table 2C–2 as this allowed beneath Exit Gore signs to W9–2 sign to provide consistency in legend depicts the warning to drivers confirm the advisory exit speed posted signing for a reduction in the number of more accurately of the potential for a at an upstream location. FHWA lanes, as the W9–2 sign is a word large volume of entering traffic rather proposes to resdesignate this plaque and message for which a symbol sign (W4– than the THRU TRAFFIC legend, which expand its use to the similar application 2) already exists. In addition, a research warns through traffic to vacate those on the outside of the beginning of any study 34 which examined the use of lanes, because it implies that the lane is alignment change following a these signs, as well as new alternatives, ending. The MUTCD already contains Horizontal Alignment Advance Warning showed that the W4–2 and W9–1 had standard signs to indicate that a lane is sign assembly. The proposed expanded the best recognition, while the W9–2 either ending or is for exit traffic only. use of this plaque would replace the sign had a greater legibility distance. 147. FHWA proposes to renumber and existing Combination Horizontal FHWA proposes a new Option that retitle existing Section 2C.43 to ‘‘Section Alignment/Advisory Speed signs in allows the W9–1 sign to be located at 2C.50 RIGHT (LEFT) LANE FOR EXIT existing Section 2C.10. In concert with the far-side of the intersection on low- ONLY Sign (W9–7).’’ FHWA also this change, FHWA proposes a new speed roads in urban environments proposes to delete Standard P2 Standard paragraph limiting the where space is limited at a signalized regarding the sign shape and color allowable use of the Confirmation intersection. FHWA also proposes because the design is standardized. Advisory Speed plaque only to allowing supplemental RIGHT (LEFT) In addition, FHWA proposes to add supplement a One-Direction Large LANE ENDS (W9–1) signs upstream of an Option statement that allows for the Arrow (W1–6) or an Exit Gore (E5–1 the W9–1 that is installed at the advance addition of a third line of legend that series) sign and not as a separate sign placement distance. displays the distance to the exit if it is installation. FHWA proposes this FHWA proposes a new Guidance more than 1 mile away. limitation on the use of the plaque statement to recommend that if 148. FHWA proposes to add a new because the plaque was designed and supplemental W9–1 signs are installed, section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section intended specifically for these two uses, a Distance plaque should be installed 2C.52 Two-Way Traffic on a Three-Lane which are to supplement, near the below the W9–1 sign. beginning of the alignment change, an 145. FHWA proposes to add a new Roadway Sign (W6–5, W6–5a)’’ with an Option and Standard statement advisory speed that is posted at the Section numbered and titled, ‘‘2C.48 advance location in an Advance Lanes Merge Signs (W9–4, W4–8)’’ and associated with the new sign. FHWA proposes this new optional sign to Warning sign assembly. proposes new LANES MERGE (W9–4) FHWA also proposes to delete provide agencies with a standardized and Single-Lane Transition (W4–8) existing Items A through C in Support sign to use in locations where such a signs to warn of the reduction of two P7 and all of Support P8, and instead lanes to one in the same direction of sign may be necessary to provide road refer to the Traffic Control Devices travel. users with the proper warning for the Handbook for information on FHWA proposes new Guidance roadway configuration. established engineering practices for 149. In Section 2C.54 (existing paragraphs for the Lanes Merge (W9–4) determining advisory speeds for a Section 2C.49), ‘‘Vehicular Traffic sign to be used to warn that the traffic horizontal curves. As part of this Warning Signs (W8–6, W11–1, W11–5, lane is merging with the adjacent lane change, FHWA proposes to add items A W11–8, W11–10, W11–11, W11–12P, and a merging maneuver would be through E, which list established W11–14, W11–15, and W11–15a),’’ required, and for the Single-Lane engineering practices. Transition (W4–8) sign to be used to FHWA proposes eliminating sign W11– 151. In Section 2C.60 (existing indicate the approximate location of the 5a because the secondary version of the Section 2C.62) NEW Plaque (W16–15P), start of the lane taper. Farm Machinery sign is isometric and FHWA proposes to delete Standard P2 146. FHWA proposes to add a new inconsistent with the standard symbol prohibiting the NEW plaque from being section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section design principles. used alone because Section 2C.57 2C.49 HEAVY MERGE FROM LEFT FHWA also proposes to add the IN (existing Section 2C.53) already STREET and IN ROAD optional contains a similar Standard. 34 ‘‘Comprehension and Legibility of Selected FHWA also proposes to change Service Symbol Signs Phase IV’’ Final Report, dated 35 The Synthesis of Non-MUTCD Signing can be December 2017 can be viewed at the following viewed at the following internet website: https:// Standard P3 to Guidance to give internet website: https://pooledfund.org/Document/ rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/34772/dot_34772_ agencies more flexibility to retain the Download/7559. DS1.pdf. NEW plaque longer than 6 months after

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the regulation has been in effect, if this change to clarify the intent of the consistency in the use of destinations on necessary. provisions. guide signs. 152. FHWA proposes to delete FHWA also proposes to change FHWA also proposes a new Support existing Section 2C.60 SHARE THE existing Standard P2 and P3 to statement to indicate that guide signs, ROAD Plaque (W16–1P) and replace it Guidance and revise the language other than Street Name signs, are with a new proposed Section 2C.66 IN regarding object markers applied to generally not used on low-volume rural ROAD and IN STREET Plaques (W16– approach ends of guardrail and other roads, except as needed to guide road 1P, W16–1aP) that contains Option and roadway appurtenances to specify crash users back to major roadways. Standard statements regarding the use of cushion terminals as the other roadway FHWA also proposes to add new these optional signs to warn drivers to appurtenances. The revision also Support and Guidance statements, along watch for other forms of slower recommends that the Type 3 object with a new figure, describing signing for transportation traveling along the marker should be directly affixed, airport facility roadways. This highway, such as bicycles, golf carts, or without a substrate, and generally information is based on a study by the horse-drawn vehicles. Since its conform to the size and shape of the National Academy of Sciences 37 that adoption in the 2000 MUTCD, approach end of the guardrail or crash examined airport roadway user 36 research has shown that the ‘‘share cushion. FHWA proposes this change informational needs and limitations. the road’’ message when applied to because the term ‘‘roadway 156. In Section 2D.05 (existing bicyclists does not adequately appurtenances’’ is not defined in the Section 2D.06), FHWA proposes to add communicate the responsibilities of MUTCD and FHWA wants to eliminate a Standard statement that the minimum either user group on the roadway. Road any potential confusion that may occur letter and numeral height of the users are unclear whether ‘‘share the between this Guidance paragraph and principal legend on conventional road road’’ means that drivers should give the existing Support statement in this overhead signs be at least 12 inches in space when passing or that bicyclists section which lists numerous height for upper-case letters and 9 should pull to the side to allow drivers obstructions where object markers are inches in height for lower-case letters. to pass. FHWA is proposing the IN applied. An Option is also proposed to allow ROAD/IN STREET plaques to replace 10.67 inches in height for upper case Discussion of Proposed Amendments to the SHARE THE ROAD plaque based on letters and 8 inches in height for lower- Chapter 2D Guide Signs—Conventional this research and for consistency with case letters for such roadways with Roads all in road vehicle types. posted speed limits of 40 miles per hour 153. FHWA proposes to add a new As part of the reorganization to or less. FHWA proposes this change to section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section improve usability of the MUTCD, ensure adequate letter height to meet 2C.67 Except Bicycles Plaque (W16– FHWA proposes to include subchapter road user legibility needs for 20P).’’ The new section contains an headings in Chapter 2D to organize conventional roadway overhead guide Option to use a new Except Bicycles sections into related groupings. FHWA signs based on speed of travel. plaque below a warning sign where it is proposes the following subchapters in 157. FHWA proposes to add a new appropriate to notify bicyclists that the Chapter 2D and associated sections section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section conditions depicted by a warning sign (referenced to the proposed section 2D.07 Abbreviations.’’ FHWA proposes are not applicable to bicycles. An numbers): General Design (Sections to relocate information from existing example is a roadway which terminates 2D.01 through 2D.08), Route Signs and Section 2E.17 to Chapter 2D because it as a dead end or cul-de-sac but serves Auxiliary Plaques (Sections 2D.09 also applies to guide signs for as a continuous route for bicycle travel through 2D.28), Sign Assemblies conventional roadways. FHWA also through the use of connecting paths or (Sections 2D.29 through 2D.34), proposes to add a new figure and two barrier opening and the plaque would Destination and Distance Signs new tables that are specific to the use of be used to supplement a DEAD END or (Sections 2D.35 through 2D.44), Street the types of abbreviations described in NO OUTLET warning sign. This section Name and Parking Signs (Sections 2D.45 this Section. also includes a new Standard statement through 2D.48), Freeway Entrance Signs that if used with a warning sign, the FHWA proposes a new Support (Sections 2D.49 and 2D.50), Weigh plaque shall be a rectangle with a black statement identifying that the use of Station, Truck, and Crossover Signs legend and border on a yellow commonly recognized abbreviations for (Sections 2D.51 through 2D.54) and background, consistent with similar certain words can be useful in reducing Other Guide Signs (Sections 2D.55 provisions for the color of supplemental the complexity of the sign message. through 2D.59). plaques. 158. In Section 2D.08 Arrows, FHWA 154. In Section 2C.71 (existing 155. In Section 2D.01 (existing proposes to designate ‘‘curved-stem Section 2C.65) Object Markers for Section 2D.02), retitled, ‘‘Scope of arrows’’ as ‘‘Type E directional arrows’’ Obstructions Adjacent to the Roadway, Conventional Road Guide Sign and that they be associated exclusively FHWA proposes to add a new Option Standards and Application,’’ FHWA with circular intersections. FHWA permitting the use of Type 2 or Type 3 proposes to relocate existing Guidance proposes this change to provide object markers to mark an obstruction and Support statements regarding low- consistency in terminology throughout adjacent to the roadway. The existing volume roads from Chapter 5D. FHWA the Manual. In concert with this change, MUTCD has a Standard that currently proposes the change to place all related FHWA proposes several revisions implies this optional use of Type 2 and material regarding guide signs together. within this section to reflect this Type 3 object markers. FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes a new Guidance terminology and to provide additional statement recommending that the flexibility for agencies to represent 36 The Article, ‘‘Bicycles May Use Full Lane’’ primary or control destinations Signage Communicates U.S. Roadway Rules and displayed on guide signs be meaningful 37 ‘‘Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Increases Perception of Safety,’’ by George Hess and to road uses in navigation and Airport Terminals and Landside,’’ TRB’s Airport M. Nils Peterson, published August 28, 2015, can Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 52, be viewed at the following internet website: https:// orientation, and that such destinations 2011, can be viewed at the following internet journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/ be identifiable on official maps. FHWA website: http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/ journal.pone.0136973#sec013. proposes this change to provide 165910.aspx.

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intended driver paths on guide signs for conforming edit, which would not FHWA also proposes an Option circular intersections. change the existing underlying paragraph allowing Route Signs to be 159. In Section 2D.09 Numbered requirement in Chapter 2A. omitted for routes that are part of an Highway Systems, FHWA proposes to FHWA proposes to amend the agency’s internal numbering system, revise the Standard regarding route subsequent Guidance paragraph to limit such as for maintenance or other system order preference to provide an the use of complex graphics to maintain purposes, and are not publicly mapped exception to the order because there consistency. or intended to be used for navigational may be instances where a different FHWA also proposes to revise the purposes by the general public. FHWA prioritization might better accommodate Standard paragraph regarding Route proposes this Option to allow agencies driver expectancy. In concert with the Signs for parks and forest roads to flexibility as to whether to post signs in Standard revision, FHWA also proposes clarify the existing requirement to certain areas. to add an Option statement allowing the comply with the existing provisions of 165. In Section 2D.34 (existing modification of the prioritization of Chapter 2A, and to clarify that the Section 2D.35) Trailblazer Assembly, route systems. provisions for the design of park and FHWA proposes to revise the Option FHWA also proposes to add a forest Route signs apply to non-National statement to clarify the use of a Cardinal Standard reflecting the existing Forest routes. Direction auxiliary plaque only for requirement that Interstate route 161. In Section 2D.12, retitled, routes that provide access to one numbering be approved by FHWA ‘‘Design of Route Sign Auxiliary direction of the route. consistent with 23 CFR 470.115(a). Plaques,’’ FHWA proposes to delete the 166. In Section 2D.35 (existing 160. In Section 2D.11 Design of Route Guidance paragraph regarding Route Section 2D.36) Destination and Distance Signs, FHWA proposes to revise the first Signs of larger heights because the sizes Signs, FHWA proposes to relocate a Standard paragraph to clarify the are standardized based on roadway Guidance paragraph previously requirement that Interstate Route, Off- contained in Section 5D.01 regarding classification, corresponding to the Interstate Business Route, U.S. Route, destination names on low-volume roads. Route Sign sizes. State Route, County Route, and Forest 167. In Section 2D.36 (existing Route sign legends are required to FHWA also proposes to change the Section 2D.37) Designation Signs (D1 comply with existing requirements in existing Guidance paragraph to a Series), FHWA proposes to add a new Chapter 2A. Standard regarding the color and design Support paragraph to describe the use of FHWA also proposes to revise the of a combination route sign with overhead destination guide signs on Standard paragraph regarding County auxiliary plaques into a single guide multi-lane conventional roadways with Route sign dimensions to require a sign, consistent with sign color complex or unusual roadway minimum size of 24 x 24 inches for requirements for guide signs elsewhere alignments to help drivers. consistency with the minimum sizes for in the MUTCD. FHWA also proposes to add a new other Route signs. 162. In Section 2D.16, retitled, Option paragraph suggesting overhead FHWA also proposes to revise Option ‘‘Auxiliary Plaque for Alternative signs using the Arrow-Per-Lane sign paragraph 4 to designate the existing Routes (M4–1P through M4–4P),’’ design configuration may be used to optional sign (Interstate Route sign that FHWA proposes to modify the section provide lane assignments for some or all includes the State name) as M1–1a and title because the Option and Standard lane designations at the approach to a to allow the optional use of this sign in paragraphs contained within this multi-lane intersection for clarification. place of the M1–1 sign when the section do not apply to the entire M4 168. FHWA proposes to add a new Interstate Route sign is used in a Route series of signs. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Sign assembly. In concert with this 163. In Section 2D.17, retitled, 2D.37 Overhead Arrow-Per-Lane change, FHWA proposes a new ‘‘ALTERNATE Auxiliary Plaques (M4– Destination Guide Signs,’’ to provide Standard statement limiting the use of 1P, M4–1aP),’’ FHWA proposes to add information, requirements, guidance, the M1–1a sign to Route Sign assemblies a Standard paragraph to prohibit the use and a figure related to the use of these to clarify that the allowable optional use of the M4–1P Series plaques to sign signs on multi-lane conventional does not extend to other types of signs, alternative routing not officially roadway intersections, often associated such as when the Interstate Route sign incorporated into the numbered with complex or unusual roadway is used within a guide sign, to limit the highway system, such as alternative alignments using innovative informational load imposed on the road routings for incident management or intersection designs to improve traffic user and because the relative scale of emergency detours. FHWA proposes flow and safety. the State name to other legend elements this additional paragraph to ensure the 169. In Section 2D.39 (existing displayed on the guide sign would be M4–1P Series plaques are used in a Section 2D.38) Destination Signs at considerably smaller. consistent manner with their stated Circular Intersections, FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes to delete the meaning in this section. to revise the Support paragraph Option P7 and P16 statements regarding 164. In Section 2D.29 Route Sign regarding the use of diagrammatic guide Route Signs used on a green guide sign Assemblies, FHWA proposes to add a signs for circular intersections to help that allow for the use of a white or Guidance paragraph and new figure ensure that the basic principles of yellow background to improve contrast, recommending that when more than limiting the amount of legend and because FHWA has revised the design of four Route signs are needed in a single aligning the arrows with each the Off-Interstate Business Route and Advance Route Turn or Directional destination are applied. FHWA County Route signs to include a wider assembly, the Route signs should be proposes this clarification to aid road border to address contrast. mounted in a Guide sign. FHWA users in understanding the sign and FHWA also proposes to add a proposes this guidance as this would navigation through the area. Standard statement to reiterate the reduce the significant informational 170. In Section 2D.40 (existing existing requirement of the legend on load on the road user of such assemblies Section 2D.39) Destination Signs at State Route signs to conform to by reducing the repetition of the Jughandles, FHWA proposes to delete Standard Alphabets, for consistency. cardinal direction and directional the Option allowing the use of FHWA proposes this change as a arrows. diagrammatic guide signs depicting the

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travel path and turns through several remainder of the first sentence and the Finally, FHWA proposes to add a intersections, because diagrammatic second sentence in existing Option in Support statement referring users to signs are limited to circular or P9 regarding the use of conventional Section 2I for information on the successive intersections. abbreviations for all information on the identification of streets at overcrossings 171. FHWA proposes to add a new Street Name sign other than the street and undercrossings. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section name itself to Guidance, and to provide 173. In Section 2D.46 (existing 2D.41 Destination Signs at Intersections a new table of acceptable street name Section 2D.44), retitled, ‘‘Advance with Indirect Turning Movements,’’ that descriptors and a table of street name Street Name Signs (D3–2 Series),’’ contains a Guidance paragraph descriptors that should not be used. FHWA proposes to revise the Standard regarding the use of guide signs and FHWA proposes these changes to statement regarding the legend and pavement markings to direct traffic, and provide consistency with guide signs background color of Advance Street a new figure illustrating examples of and to encourage the use of Name signs to clarify that the use of destination signs at intersections with conventional abbreviations to reduce alternative colors is prohibited, indirect turning movements. FHWA the size of the sign and for more rapid repeating an existing Standard proposes this new section to provide recognition. statement from Section 2D.43. FHWA agencies with examples of proper FHWA also proposes to add a proposes this change as a conforming signing for locations with displaced left Guidance statement regarding the edit, which would not change the turn and intercepted crossroad proportional letter height of a existing underlying requirement, to intersections, which are newer supplemental legend to be consistent clarify that Advance Street Name signs intersection designs and becoming more with guide signs and the letter heights must have green backgrounds. common in practice and provide for that are used. 174. In Section 2D.47 Parking Area consistency. FHWA also proposes to add Option Guide Sign (D4–1), FHWA proposes to 172. In Section 2D.45 (existing and Guidance statements allowing the revise the Standard paragraph to delete Section 2D.43), retitled, ‘‘Street Name use of block or house numbers as a the design and color information for the Signs (D3–1, D3–1a),’’ FHWA proposes supplemental legend on Street Name sign, because design is standardized in accordance with the existing to add a Guidance paragraph regarding signs and recommending the the use of Street Name signs at requirements in Chapter 2A. application of house numbers for the intersections of freeway exit ramps with 175. In Section 2D.49 (existing left and right blocks of the cross street. cross roads to help minimize the Section 2D.45) Signing on Conventional FHWA also proposes to delete a potential for wrong-way movements Roads on Approaches to Interchanges, sentence in existing P14 regarding onto the freeway ramp. FHWA proposes to add a Support FHWA also proposes to add Guidance requirements for sign color and statement that provides reference to new regarding the engineering retroreflectivity because allowable figures that offer examples of guide considerations that should be used to colors for the legend and border are signing for single-point urban determine the letter heights used on already included in existing P18 of this intersection and transposed-alignment Street Name signs at specific locations. section and requirements for crossroads, which are becoming more FHWA also proposes to revise the retroreflectivity are covered in existing common in practice. Support paragraph regarding minimum Section 2A.07. 176. In Section 2D.51 (existing letter heights to clarify that the FHWA also proposes to add a Section 2D.49), WEIGH STATION minimum letter heights apply to the Guidance statement regarding the Signing (D8 Series), FHWA proposes to roadway that each sign faces, rather omission of the border on a post- add a Support paragraph that defines than to the street that has its name mounted Street Name sign to clarify that the areas where certain vehicles might displayed on the Street Name sign. the decision to omit the border should be directed to stop to be weighed or FHWA also proposes to add an be based on factors related to providing inspected and that such an area can be Option paragraph to allow different for adequate recognition of the sign by permanent or a temporary mobile letter heights in a sign assembly based road users. facility. FHWA adds this provision to on the speed limit in order to clarify FHWA also proposes to add a give agencies more flexibility. that agencies may use different letter Guidance statement that recommends FHWA proposes to revise existing heights on different signs at the same that Street Name signs display the street Standard P2, and reference the figure, to intersection. name on both sides of the sign to indicate the appropriate sequence of FHWA also proposes to revise facilitate navigation for pedestrians. signs for Weigh Station signing on a existing Option P9 to clarify that the FHWA also proposes to revise the conventional highway and revises the letter height of the street name Option regarding the use of arrows sign terminology to match the typical descriptor, the directional legend, or where the same road has two different sequence of other types of guide signs. any other supplemental legend on the street names. Additional information The resulting sign sequence includes D3–1 and D3–1a signs may be smaller has been added to clarify that this Advance Weigh Station Distance, Weigh than that of the street name itself, while option is not allowed where arrows Station Next Right, and Weigh Station maintaining the letter size proportions would point in a movement direction Exit Direction Signs. In concert with between the street name and that is not allowed. this change, FHWA proposes to add a supplemental information on the sign. FHWA also proposes to add a Guidance statement recommending an In concert with this Option, FHWA Guidance paragraph regarding streets or Exit Gore sign with the same basic proposes to add Guidance that smaller segments thereof that have been legend as the Weigh Station Exit letter legend should be at least two- memorialized or dedicated. Second Direction sign be used to emphasize the thirds of the letter height of the street Street Name signs should not be used to entrance to the weigh station. FHWA name itself, but not less than 3 inches display the memorial or dedication proposes these revisions to provide for the initial upper-case letters and not name. Memorial or Dedication signs more clarity on Weigh Station signing. less than 2.25 inches for the lower-case should be located to minimize FHWA also proposes to add an letters for adequate legibility. In conspicuity the potential for confusion Option statement that allows the use of addition, FHWA proposes to change the by road users. the alternate legend COMMERCIAL

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VEHICLE INSPECTION AREA for the proposes to add this information to distinguishes between highway names, D8 series Weigh Station signs. FHWA provide practitioners with needed which are used for navigation and proposes this revision to be consistent guidance on the use of these signs, and mapping, and memorial, honorary, or with the type of activity being their respective locations. secondary names, which are not conducted at the station. 179. In existing Section 2D.54, considered to be highway names. This FHWA also proposes to add a renumbered and retitled, ‘‘Section 2D.54 information is needed for agencies to Standard statement indicating what Emergency and Slow Vehicle Turn-Out understand the applicability of the when the WEIGH STATION legend of Signs (D17–5 through D17–7),’’ FHWA Standard, Guidance, and Option the D8 series signs is replaced with the proposes to add a Guidance paragraph statements in this section. COMMERCIAL VEHICLE INSPECTION regarding the recommended use of AREA legend, the WEIGH STATION emergency turn-out advance and 182. In Section 2D.57 (existing legend of the R13–1 sign shall be directional signs including placement Section 2D.55), retitled, ‘‘National replaced with the alternate legend location ranges consistent with advance Scenic Byways Sign and Plaque (D6–4, INSPECTION area. FHWA proposes this guide sign placement and deceleration D6–4aP),’’ FHWA proposes a new change for consistency in sign legends. distance for lower speed maneuvers. Support statement to indicate that 177. FHWA proposes to relocate and FHWA also proposes to add a new direction along routes and to sites is renumber existing Section 2D.54 as figure illustrating an example of signing related to touring maps rather than Section 2D.52 Crossover Signs (D13–1, for an emergency turn-out. directional signing and route marking of D13–2). FHWA proposes to delete 180. In Section 2D.55 (existing the byway itself. portions of existing Standard P2 and all Section 2D.50) Community Wayfinding FHWA also proposes to add four of Standard P5 pertaining to the design Signs, FHWA proposes to add a Guidance paragraphs regarding the of the Crossover and Advance Crossover Guidance paragraph recommending the placement of signs displaying the name signs because the language is evaluation of the entire existing system of the byway and associated byway unnecessary since the sign designs are of signs for serviceability and general Directional Assemblies. FHWA standardized in accordance with the conformance with the Manual when a proposes these guidance statements to existing requirements in Chapter 2A. community wayfinding guide sign encourage uniformity and to separate 178. In Section 2D.53 (existing system is being considered. FHWA Route Directional Assemblies from Section 2D.51), retitled, ‘‘Truck and proposes this new Guidance because the byway Directional Assemblies. Passing Lane Signs (D17–1, D17–2, condition and serviceability of existing FHWA also proposes to add a D17–3, and D17–4),’’ FHWA proposes to higher priority signs, such as regulatory, Standard that prohibits the use of the revise the existing Guidance statement warning, and major Designation signs, to remove the word ‘‘NEXT’’ from a Byway sign or plaque as part of a guide should have priority over the sign assembly, as these signs are Truck Lane sign used immediately in installation of the new community advance of a truck lane in order to intended only for use in independent wayfinding signs. Directional Assemblies. FHWA reserve the use of the word ‘‘NEXT’’ for FHWA also proposes to change the proposes this change as a conforming areas where there is a series of extra existing Guidance statement regarding edit, which would not change the lanes added along a highway for trucks the shape of wayfinding guide signs to existing underlying requirement, to use, as proposed in the new Guidance a Standard to eliminate conflict with consistent with the existing Standard statement. In concert with this change, overall sign shape requirements. requiring that other signs have primary FHWA proposes to recommend that the FHWA also proposes to add a visibility. sign include a distance of 1⁄2 mile in the Guidance statement regarding the legend. As part of these changes, FHWA letters, numerals, and other characters 183. FHWA proposes to add a new clarifies that a truck lane is a lane added should be composed of the Standard section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section to the right of the travel lane to be used Alphabets in accordance with the 2D.58 State-Designated Scenic Byway, by trucks and other slow-moving provisions of Chapter 2A to maintain Historic Trail, and Auto Tour Route vehicles. This allows the faster vehicles consistency of signs. Signs,’’ that contains relocated to pass without leaving the travel lane. FHWA also proposes to add a provisions from existing Section 2H.07, FHWA also proposes to add Guidance Standard paragraph requiring Auto Tour Routes, as well as new statements describing the use of Passing conventional lettering style, prohibiting provisions for State scenic byway and Lane and Next Passing Lane signs in a the use of italic, oblique, script, highly historic trails. FHWA proposes this new similar manner as Truck Lane signs. As decorative, or other unusual forms. Section to address inconsistencies in part of these changes, FHWA FHWA proposes this new Standard to how these facilities are signed. distinguishes that a passing lane is an help identify letter style types that, by 184. FHWA proposes to add a new added lane to the left of the travel lane their nature, would not meet the letter section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section to be used by vehicle passing those in style requirements provided in this 2D.59 EMERGENCY ROUTE and the travel lane. section for maintaining adequate EMERGENCY ROUTE TO Signs and FHWA also proposes to delete the legibility under driving conditions. Plaques’’ that contains provisions and existing Option allowing alternate FHWA also proposes to revise the accompanying figure for permanently legends, because provisions for the use Standard paragraph pertaining to signing emergency routes for the of Passing Lane signs are proposed in internet and email addresses to be purposes of corridor management. the new Guidance. In addition, because consistent with changes made to the FHWA proposes these changes based on a climbing lane is simply another name same provision in Section 1D.09. Official Ruling No. 6(09)–42(I) 38 for a truck lane, FHWA proposes to 181. FHWA proposes to retitle Section ‘‘Signing for Rerouting Due to Traffic remove this option to improve on 2D.56 (existing Section 2D.53), ‘‘Signing Incidents.’’ uniformity in signing. of Named Highways for Mapping and FHWA also proposes a new Support Address Purposes,’’ to clarify the intent 38 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–42(I), April, statement to include a new figure that of the section. 21, 2017, can be viewed at the following internet illustrates an example of signing for an FHWA also proposes to add a Support website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ intermittent passing lane. FHWA paragraph to provide information that interpretations/6_09_42.htm.

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Discussion of Proposed Amendments to this change to clarify the application of shielded by a rigid barrier. FHWA Chapter 2E Guide Signs-Freeways and the ‘‘Overhead’’ columns when a larger proposes this change to provide greater Expressways size is specified in the same tables based design flexibility for agencies. 197. In Section 2E.21 (existing Section 185. As part of the reorganization to on interchange classification. 191. In Section 2E.14 (existing Section 2E.30) Interchange Guide Signs, FHWA improve usability of the MUTCD, 2E.16) Sign Borders, FHWA proposes to proposes to change P3 from Guidance to FHWA proposes to include subchapter relocate the Standard statement Support, to provide references to headings in Chapter 2E to organize regarding the color of the sign border to applicable provisions related to sign sections into related groupings. FHWA Section 2A.14, because that section descriptions and the order in which proposes the following subchapters in already contains information about sign they appear at the approach to and Chapter 2E: General, Sign Design, borders, while maintaining the beyond an interchange. FHWA makes Installation, Guide Signing for recommendations on border width, as this change because the provisions for Interchanges, Other Guide Signs, Signs that is commonly needed information each are contained in the individual for Intersections at Grade, and Interface for the larger size signs on these types sections. with Conventional Roadways. of highways. FHWA proposes this FHWA also proposes to revise the 186. In Section 2E.01 Scope of change to remove unnecessary or wording of P4 to clarify the intent that Freeway and Expressway Guide Sign repetitive content and streamline the the use of Supplemental Guide signing Standards, FHWA proposes to add Manual to improve its usability. should be minimized. Support, Option, Guidance, and 192. In Section 2E.15 (existing Section 198. In Section 2E.22 (existing Section Standard statements regarding the 2E.10), FHWA proposes to add a 2E.31) Interchange Exit Numbering, application of design provisions for Support statement to describe the use of FHWA proposes to provide specific freeway and expressway guide signs in street names on Advance guide and Exit requirements for exit number suffix tunnels, which can present unique Direction signs, based on the number of assignments and order based on challenges not encountered elsewhere interchanges that serve a community. direction of travel and interchange due to the extended and continuous FHWA proposes this new statement, numbering, while deleting a size distances of constrained vertical and including references to other sections requirement for the Exit Number plaque horizontal clearances in which to place with Chapter 2E, to provide users with that is standardized in existing Table signs. FHWA proposes these new additional information regarding proper 2E–1. FHWA proposes this change to provisions to provide flexibility to and efficient community interchange improve interchange exit numbering standard sign layouts when needed to signing. consistency in response to driver accommodate such situations in 193. In Section 2E.16 (existing Section expectancy, and to reduce unnecessary tunnels. 2E.17) Abbreviations, FHWA proposes duplication of information. 187. In Section 2E.06 (existing Section to delete the Guidance and Standard FHWA also proposes to change the 2E.09) Signing of Named Highways, paragraphs and replace them with a new existing Guidance statement regarding FHWA proposes to change P1 from Standard that requires abbreviations on exit number plaques for right-side exits Support to Guidance to recommend, not freeway and expressway guide signs to to a Standard for consistency in just state, that signing of named comply with Section 2D.07. FHWA placement of exit number plaques and highways should comply with proposes this change to remove consistency with similar provisions for provisions of Section 2D.56. FHWA repetitive content and streamline the left-side exits. proposes this change to convey more Manual to improve its usability. 199. In Section 2E.23 (existing Section effectively what was intended by the 194. In Section 2E.17 (existing Section 2E.33) retitled, ‘‘Advance Guide Signs existing Support statement. 2E.18) Symbols, FHWA proposes to (E1 Series),’’ FHWA proposes to add a 188. In Section 2E.07 (existing Section delete the Standard paragraph regarding new Standard requiring at least one 2E.13) Designation of Destinations, symbol designs because it duplicates Advance guide sign for all interchange FHWA proposes to add Support and language in Section 2A.12. classifications with two exceptions. Guidance statements, as well as a new FHWA also proposes to delete the FHWA proposes this change to clarify figure, regarding signing for destinations Option statement permitting the use of the intent of existing language, which that are accessed from different exits in educational plaques below symbol signs confounds the criteria for locating the opposing directions of travel. FHWA where needed. FHWA proposes this sign with the criteria for when to use the proposes these new provisions to change because symbols, if used on sign. FHWA believes it is important to provide clarity and flexibility regarding freeway or expressway signs, are provide at least one guide sign in the appropriate signing for destinations incorporated into the legend of the sign, advance of a freeway or expressway based on the local roadway network. and the addition of an educational interchange because advance notice of 189. In Section 2E.08 (existing Section plaque could distort and overly exits provides road users the time 2E.04) General, FHWA proposes to complicate the intended message. necessary to change lanes to position delete the Standard statement regarding 195. In Section 2E.18 (existing Section themselves to take an exit safely, standard traffic sign shapes and colors 2E.19) Arrows for Interchange Guide avoiding last-minute weaving conflicts because the provisions are already Signs, FHWA proposes several editorial and erratic maneuvers. This covered in Chapter 2A. FHWA proposes changes to attain consistency in the requirement has been implicit in this change to remove unnecessary and placement of arrows on Exit Direction subsequent sections but not as clearly repetitive content and streamline the guide signs, depending on their stated for Advance guide signs as it is Manual to improve its usability. placement either overhead or post- for Exit Direction signs. 190. In Section 2E.12 (existing Section mounted, and position over the exit FHWA proposes to modify P4 to 2E.14) Size and Style of Letters and lane. FHWA also proposes a new figure recommend displaying distances to the Signs, FHWA proposes to revise the to illustrate the provisions. nearest 100 feet on Advance guide signs Standard paragraph regarding the 196. In Section 2E.20 (existing Section less than 1⁄4 mile from the exit. FHWA minimum numeral and letter sizes to be 2E.26) Lateral Offset, FHWA proposes to also proposes to change the last as shown in the ‘‘Overhead’’ columns of add an exception to permit a narrower sentence from Guidance to Standard Tables 2E–2 and 2E–4. FHWA proposes lateral offset for sign supports when requiring, instead of recommending,

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that fractions of a mile be displayed FHWA also proposes to change P5 the Option statement regarding the rather than decimals, for all cases to aid from Support to Standard to describe placement of the W16–16P plaque in quick recognition of the sign message. the proper use of Interchange Sequence because it does not promote uniformity. FHWA proposes this change to signs and require the display of the next 202. In Section 2E.26 (existing Section eliminate conflicts with other two or three interchanges by name or 2E.37) retitled, ‘‘Exit Gore Signs and provisions of the Manual. route number with distances to the Plaque (E5–1 Series),’’ FHWA proposes In addition, FHWA proposes to add a nearest 1⁄4 mile. FHWA proposes this to clarify that Exit Gore signs are new Standard requiring that an Exit change because, by definition, these required for each ramp that departs from Number (E1–5P through E1–5eP) plaque signs are intended for use in a series and the main roadway of a freeway or be positioned at the top right-hand edge to provide consistency in the signing for expressway. of the sign for numbered exits to the the sequence of the closely spaced FHWA also proposes to modify P5 to right. FHWA proposes this change interchanges. specify a height of 4 feet above the clarifying the position of the plaque for 201. In Section 2E.25 (existing Section ground line for installing the optional consistency with similar provisions for 2E.36) retitled, ‘‘Exit Direction Signs (E4 Type 1 object markers on supports to Exit Direction signs. Series),’’ FHWA proposes to change the Exit Gore signs. FHWA also proposes to change P10 existing Guidance statement regarding 203. In Section 2E.27 (existing Section regarding omitting the word EXIT(S) placement of the exit number plaque on 2E.12) retitled, ‘‘Pull-Through Signs from the distance message where signs for numbered exits to the right to (E6–1 Series and E6–2 Series),’’ FHWA interchange numbering is used from a Standard. FHWA proposes this change proposes to revise the Guidance Guidance to Standard and incorporate to provide consistent placement of exit statement to indicate that Pull-Through the provision into P9. FHWA proposes number plaques for numbered exits to signs should not be used at exits that are this change for consistency in sign the left and right. This proposed change signed with Overhead Arrow-Per-Lane legend and to reduce unnecessary is a companion to the existing or Diagrammatic guide signs. FHWA legend on signs. requirement that exit number plaques proposes to add this exception because FHWA proposes to revise the for numbered exits to the left are signing for option lanes is unique, and paragraph regarding the use of required to be on the left-hand edge of because either the Overhead Arrow-per- Interchange Sequence signs, clarifying the sign, thereby meeting driver Lane or Diagrammatic guide sign that the recommended distance of 800 expectation in similar situations. designs are required to be used for all feet is between the theoretical gores of FHWA also proposes to change P14 freeway and expressway splits that successive interchange entrance and from an Option to Guidance to include an option lane, and both of exit ramps. FHWA proposes this change recommend, instead of allowing, the those sign designs already provide the because the existing language is overhead Exit Direction sign for the through roadway direction guidance to ambiguous and can imply that the second exit to be placed either on the road users. distance is between the interchange 204. In Section 2E.28 (existing Section overcrossing structure or on a separate crossroads, which is not relevant to the 2E.24) Signing for Interchange Lane structure immediately in front of the locations of ramps between which signs Drops, FHWA proposes to add an overcrossing structure. FHWA proposes can be located. Option statement allowing the exit Lastly, FHWA proposes to delete the this change for consistency with signing arrow to be positioned to the left or right Option statement allowing the W16–16P provisions for cloverleaf interchanges of the words ‘‘EXIT ONLY’’ when the plaque to be installed below the and to clarify the fact that overhead position of the sign panel is constrained. Advance guide sign. FHWA proposes mounting is recommended in this FHWA proposes this change to provide this change because the current situation. agencies flexibility in sign design where In addition, FHWA proposes to add a language does not promote uniformity. needed due to size constraints. new Option allowing the use of warning The provision for locating the W16–16P FHWA also proposes to modify beacons with the E13–2 sign panel. In at the top of sign is Guidance, which Standard P6 to clarify that in retrofit concert with this change, FHWA also provides sufficient flexibility for an situations where the E11–1a and E11–1b proposes to add a Standard requiring agency to decide differently based on sign panels are used, the references to the warning beacons to be placed at engineering factors when necessary. the white down arrow apply to Advance least 12 inches from the edges of the FHWA believes that the presence of an guide signs. FHWA also proposes to add E13–2 sign panel, from the edge of the Exit Number plaque is not sufficient a provision regarding placement of the sign, and from any other legend within justification for a categorical Option. E11–1a and E11–1b sign panels when 200. In Section 2E.24 (existing Section the guide sign, to provide adequate used on Exit Direction signs. Similarly, 2E.40) retitled, ‘‘Interchange Sequence space around the beacons to reduce FHWA proposes to clarify that the Signs (E9–1 Series, E9–2 Series),’’ glare that can adversely impact the position specified for the E11–1c sign FHWA proposes to change the existing legibility of the sign legend, consistent panel requirement for retrofit situations with existing provisions in Chapter 4L Option statement regarding signing for 39 applies to Advance guide signs. closely spaced interchanges to a of the MUTCD. FHWA proposes these FHWA proposes to add a new Support to be consistent with the changes because the use of warning Guidance provision to accommodate language provided in existing Sections beacons is implied by Figure 2E–7 lane drop situations where it is 2E.33 and 2E.50. (existing Figure 2E–31), but no impossible to locate an Advance guide FHWA also proposes to switch the provisions previously existed in Chapter sign either overhead or above the order of existing Guidance P3 and P2 2E that would allow the beacons within dropped lane for the down arrow to and revise the language to match that of the sign face. point to the dropped lane. This Section 2E.23 Advance Guide Signs Similar to the change discussed in the provision is intended to be used with respect to the use of Interchange previous item, FHWA proposes to delete sparingly and only in limited situations. Sequence signs where there is less than To compensate for this otherwise 39 Information on the concept of irradiation and 800 feet between the theoretical gores of disability glade can be viewed at the following inconsistent condition, the addition of a successive interchange entrance or exit internet website: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ post-mounted warning sign is ramps. doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2003.tb03080.x. recommended.

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Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a accommodate the road user’s FHWA also proposes to add a Guidance statement, and accompanying expectancy of positive, continuous Standard requiring the signing for the example figure, recommending the use guidance in signing to a destination that roadway for the off-route to be signed as of overhead and or post-mounted is displayed on the highway on an an exit from the main route, requiring warning signs where a mainline lane is approach to an interchange. that signs comply with Section 2E.22 to dropped immediately after an exit ramp. 207. In Section 2E.32 (existing Section provide continuity in exit numbering FHWA proposes this recommendation 2E.49) Diamond Interchange in Urban along the route, and that the distance to provide additional warning to road Area, FHWA proposes to revise the messages on the Advance guide signs users of a lane drop. existing Option provision regarding comply with Section 2E.23. FHWA 205. In Section 2E.29 (existing Section closely spaced interchanges to clarify proposes this change for signing 2E.43) Signing by Type of Interchange, that the distances under consideration consistency and continuity in FHWA proposes to delete the Standard are those specified in another Section of navigational guidance, which reduces that requires interchange guide signing Chapter 2E. FHWA proposes this change potential confusion to road users, thus to be consistent for each type of to improve the usability of the Manual. improving operation and safety. interchange along a route, because there 208. In Section 2E.33 (existing Section FHWA proposes to delete the Option are instances where the signing for 2E.45) Cloverleaf Interchange, FHWA regarding the omission of the control similar interchanges along a route proposes to revise the Standard city on Pull-Through signs because would need to vary due to interchange statement to remove redundant there is no requirement to display the spacing and other geometric features. In information contained in Section 2E.23 control city on a Pull-Through sign. concert with this change, FHWA (existing Section 2E.33) and Section FHWA proposes to change P8 from an proposes to revise the Guidance to 2E.26 (existing Section 2E.37). Option to a Guidance statement to recommend that the signing layout be 209. In Section 2E.34 (existing Section recommend that the Advisory Exit similar for interchanges of the same 2E.46) Cloverleaf Interchange with Speed (W13–2) be used where an type. Collector-Distributor Roadways, FHWA engineering study shows that it is FHWA also proposes to add a new proposes to revise the existing Option necessary. FHWA proposes this change Guidance provision recommending that provision regarding exit numbering to to be consistent with the same change the main roadway major guide signing Guidance. FHWA proposes this change in Section 2E.31 (existing Section should be determined by the specific to accommodate driver expectancy by 2E.48). interchange type for that particular more consistently numbering these Finally, FHWA proposes to delete the direction of travel where a single types of interchanges and more readily Option regarding extra emphasis of an interchange combines a different type of facilitate navigation, in concert with especially low advisory ramp speed ramp configuration for each direction of other changes in this Chapter to make because it is redundant with Section travel. exit numbering more consistent. FHWA 2E.25 (existing Section 2E.36). FHWA proposes to add two figures to believes that Guidance should still 213. FHWA proposes to add a section this section to provide practitioners provide sufficient discretion to States in numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2E.38 with examples for interchange signing. those limited situations where Freeway Split with Dedicated Lanes,’’ to Figure 2E–15 shows an example of conditions might warrant. provide Standard and Guidance 210. In Section 2E.35 (existing Section signing for a complex interchange that paragraphs regarding freeway splits 2E.47) Partial Cloverleaf Interchange, combines intermediate interchange with dedicated lanes to accompany FHWA proposes to delete P3 regarding ramps within a major interchange, and Figure 2E–24 (existing Figure 2E–34). post-mounted Exit Gore signs because Figure 2E–16 shows an example of FHWA proposes this new section to the requirement is redundant with signing for an interchange exit ramp provide important information about Section 2E.26 (existing Section 2E.37). with a downstream split. guide signing for freeway splits with 206. In Section 2E.31 (existing Section 211. FHWA proposes to add a new dedicated lanes that was previously 2E.48) Diamond Interchange, FHWA section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section implied by existing 2E.14, but not proposes to delete P2 regarding the 2E.36 Collector-Distributor Roadways described in the text. EXIT message because the requirements for Successive Interchanges,’’ with 214. In Section 2E.40 (existing Section are redundant with Section 2E.22 Support and Guidance statements, along 2E.21) Design of Overhead Arrow-per- (existing Section 2E.31) and Section with a new Figure 2E–21, describing Lane Guide Signs for Option Lanes, 2E.23 (existing Section 2E.33). signing for collector-distributor FHWA also proposes to delete P5 roadways that provide access to FHWA revises P2 to clarify the Option regarding the use of Advisory multiple interchanges. FHWA proposes requirement to use Overhead Arrow- Exit Speed signs based on an this new section to assist agencies with per-Lane guide signs at ‘‘reconstructed’’ engineering study, and revise to refer signing these configurations. locations on freeways and expressways. 212. In Section 2E.37 (existing Section In accordance with Official Ruling No. instead to the provisions contained in 40 Chapter 2C that cover the Advisory Exit 2E.44) Freeway-to-Freeway Interchange, 2(09)–5(I), a ‘‘reconstructed’’ location Speed signs to determine when they are FHWA proposes to change the existing is defined as one where the replacement necessary. FHWA proposes this change Standard paragraph regarding splits of an existing sign support structure is to remove redundant and potentially where the off-route movements to the necessitated by reconstruction. conflicting information, thus left to a Support statement to refer users FHWA proposes to add an Option streamlining the Manual and improving to Section 2E.23 for the use of the Left statement and accompanying figure its ease of use. Exit Number plaque. Similarly, FHWA permitting signs indicating destinations Lastly, FHWA proposes a new proposes to add a reference to Section to be added along unusually long gore Guidance provision to recommend that 2E.39 and Section 2E.40 for use of areas with narrow lane marking tapers. a Destination guide sign be placed along Overhead Arrow-per-lane or FHWA proposes this to allow agencies the ramp where traffic is allowed to turn Diagrammatic guide signs for freeway 40 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 2(09)–5(I), October in either direction onto the crossroad. splits with an option lane and for multi- 22, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet FHWA proposes this provision, which lane freeway-to-freeway exits having an website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ reflects common practice, to option lane. interpretations/2_09_5.htm.

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to add these signs to reinforce positive revise existing Guidance statements Supplemental guide signs, and it is guidance. recommending the use of a modified important to limit amount of FHWA also proposes to add an form of the Overhead Arrow-per-Lane information provided to drivers to that Option permitting the use of warning guide signs at exit locations with an which is necessary for basic beacons with the E13–2 sign panel option lane that also carries the through navigational purposes. when used on an Overhead Arrow-per- route. FHWA also proposes to add FHWA also proposes to relocate and Lane guide sign, consistent with similar figures to provide examples. FHWA revise existing Guidance P5 to earlier in changes proposed for Exit Direction proposes these revisions to provide the section, recommending that signs. practitioners with provisions to sign this Supplemental guide signs should not be 215. In Section 2E.41 (existing Section type of exit, which can often be used unless the destination meets the 2E.22) Design of Freeway and confusing to road users, in a uniform, criteria established by the State or Expressway Diagrammatic Guide Signs consistent manner. agency policy. FHWA proposes this for Option Lanes, FHWA proposes to 217. In Section 2E.45 (existing Section addition because use of a policy is add a Standard statement clarifying that 2E.34), retitled, ‘‘Next Exit Plaques (E2– important to establishing and retaining it is not allowed to use a diagrammatic 1P, E2–1aP),’’ FHWA proposes to delete signing consistency and signing is for guide sign on the mainline to depict a the Option statement regarding the Next justified destination only. downstream split of an exit ramp. Exit plaque with one or two lines FHWA proposes to revise existing FHWA proposes this change to clarify because the designs are standardized. In Guidance to limit the number of lines of the existing provisions, which allow addition, FHWA proposes to destination information to no more than only the depiction of the simplified incorporate the Support information three, retaining the limit of the number geometric configuration at the exit regarding the desirable use of the Next of destinations to two, consistent with departure, but not beyond the Exit plaque designs into a Guidance other destination guide signs. bifurcation, to avoid an undue statement because the language FHWA proposes to add a new informational load imposed on road establishes a preferred practice. Guidance recommending that a users. FHWA proposes to include this 218. FHWA proposes to add a section Supplemental guide sign not be clarification to address situations that numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2E.48 installed in the same location with or have been observed in practice. Post-Interchange Travel Time Sign (E7– where it would detract from guide signs FHWA also proposes to add an 4 Series)’’ with Support and Standard for a different interchange. Option permitting the use of warning paragraphs regarding a new Post- FHWA proposes to add a Standard beacons with the E13–2 sign panel Interchange Travel Time Sign. FHWA that prohibits signing more than four when used on a Diagrammatic guide proposes this new sign series because at supplemental traffic generator sign, consistent with similar changes certain locations on freeways and destinations from a single interchange proposed for Exit Direction signs. expressways it may be more meaningful along the main roadway, consistent with As an alternative to these changes, to road users to display the travel time the limitation on the number of FHWA proposes to delete in its entirety rather than the distance to a destination, Supplemental guide signs and the Section 2E.41 and the concept of and to standardize the sign designs to number of destinations allowed on each Freeway and Expressway diagrammatic ensure that an undue informational load sign allowed at each interchange. guide signs for option lanes. FHWA is not imposed on the road user. FHWA proposes to add a Standard offers this alternative proposal because 219. FHWA proposes to add a section that prohibits the installation of most States have now had experience numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2E.49 supplemental guide signs at the same implementing overhead arrow-per-lane Distance and Travel Time Sign and location as Advance guide, Exit signs, which have been shown to be Comparative Travel Time Sign (E7–5, Direction, or other signs related to the superior to diagrammatic signs at option E7–6)’’ with Support, Standard, and exit. FHWA adds this Standard because lanes, especially for older road users; Guidance paragraphs regarding the new the function of a Supplemental guide and because FHWA also proposes the Distance and Travel Time Sign (E7–5) sign is to supplement the major guide Partial-Width Overhead Arrow-per-Lane and the Comparative Travel Time Sign signs at a separate location with non- sign (Section 2E.42), which would allay (E7–6). FHWA proposes these new signs primary destination information so as concerns expressed in response to the because some locations on freeways and not to increase the informational load NPA for the 2009 MUTCD regarding expressways might benefit from a travel displayed on the Advance guide and excessive sign sizes or costs at non- time message displayed with the Exit Direction signs. major interchange exits with an option distance or comparative travel times for FHWA also proposes to add a lane. This alternative proposal would alternative routes to a common Standard that classifies guide signs for retain the diagrammatic sign concept for destination, and to standardize the sign recreational or cultural interest conventional roads and for circular designs to ensure that an undue destinations as Supplemental guide roads to show general or relative informational load is not imposed on signs, except where the interchange direction, but not lane use indicated by the road user. provides direct access to such a lane lines within the diagrammatic 220. In Section 2E.50 (existing Section destination and is therefore displayed arrow, as diagrammatic signs have been 2E.35), retitled, ‘‘Supplemental Guide on the Advance guide and Exit shown to be ineffective for that purpose. Signs (E3 Series),’’ FHWA proposes to Direction signs. FHWA seeks comment from the public add a new Guidance paragraph Finally, FHWA proposes several on this alternative proposal, including recommending limiting Supplemental changes near the end of the section to the technical merits, advantages and guide signs to situations where there is reflect the results of a human factors disadvantages, and comparative cost a demonstrated need to sign for more evaluation of pictographs 41 that information. than two primary destinations from an revealed that pictographs are not 216. In Section 2E.42 (existing Section interchange. FHWA proposes this effective, resulting in longer or 2E.23) Signing for Intermediate and change because, consistent with the additional glances, or both, toward Minor Interchange Multi-Lane Exits established guidelines for the use of with an Option Lane, FHWA proposes Supplemental guide signs, most 41 ‘‘Sports Logo Evaluation Report,’’ Perez, W. et to add a Guidance statement as well as interchanges would not have a need for al., November 2011.

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Guide signs on which they are used, and appropriate. These changes are in beginning of the section to assist users the subsequent termination of Official concert with proposed changes in in finding the appropriate sections. Ruling No. 2–650(E).42 FHWA proposes Chapter 2D. As part of these changes, 229. In Section 2F.02, FHWA to delete the Option statement allowing FHWA proposes to delete the existing proposes to retitle the section ‘‘Sizes of pictographs on a Supplemental guide Standard statement, since the proposed Toll Road Signs and Electronic Toll sign and add a Standard statement that new text replaces the existing standard. Collection (ETC) System Pictographs’’ to prohibits the use of pictographs on 224. In Section 2E.54 (existing Section reflect the proposed relocation of supplemental guide signs, except for 2E.27) Route Signs and Trailblazer material from existing Section 2F.04 to transit system pictographs on the Park— Assemblies, FHWA proposes to delete this section. Ride supplemental guide sign, and add the Standard statement regarding the 230. In Section 2F.03, FHWA a Guidance statement regarding the use color of the route sign shield for the proposes to retitle the section, ‘‘Color’’ and size of transit pictograph and the Interstate Highway System sign, as the to reflect the content of the section more carpool symbol on the Park-Ride design is standardized and must comply accurately. Supplemental guide sign. Finally, with the existing provisions of Chapter 231. In Section 2F.04 (existing Section FHWA proposes to delete existing 2A. 2F.05) Regulatory Signs for Toll Plazas, Standards P8, P10, and P11 regarding 225. In Section 2E.55 (existing Section FHWA proposes to change Option P8 the use of pictographs as general 2E.28) Eisenhower Interstate System pertaining to speed limit sign placement conditions on the use of pictographs Signs (M1–10, M1–10a), FHWA at toll plazas to Guidance to describe the would be addressed in Chapter 2A. proposes to incorporate the existing intent of the provision better. 232. In Section 2F.05 (existing Section Since there would be no provision Guidance into the Standard that follows. 2F.12) retitled, ‘‘Electronic Toll explicitly allowing use of a pictograph, This change is consistent with the intent Collection (ETC) Account-Only such use, therefore, would be of the design of the M1–10a sign, which Regulatory Sign and Plaque (R3–31, R3– prohibited. uses a letter style designed for facilities 32P),’’ FHWA proposes to change the 221. In Section 2E.51 (existing Section that are not part of an Interstate main ETC Account-Only and NO CASH sign 2E.41) retitled, ‘‘Community roadway or ramps. FHWA believes the designations from auxiliary to Interchanges Identification Signs (E9–4 M1–10 sign provides sufficient regulatory sign and plaque for Series, E9–5 Series),’’ FHWA proposes opportunity for agencies to sign to add a Guidance statement consistency with a similar change to toll Interstates and agencies may use this recommending that the legend auxiliary signs. sign in place of the M1–10a sign if they displayed on the Advance Guide and 233. In Sections 2F.06 through 2F.09, wish to have a single standard, as the Exit Direction signs for each interchange FHWA proposes to add the Take Ticket M1–10a sign is not required to be used. should be consistent with the (W9–6e) Advance Warning sign, Take interchange names displayed on the 226. FHWA proposes a new section Ticket (W9–6bP, W9–6gP) advance Community Interchanges Identification numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2E.56 warning plaque, Stop Ahead Take sign, and that the name of the Signs for Route Diversion by Vehicle Ticket (W9–6f) warning sign, and Stop community should not be repeated on Class’’ that includes Support, Guidance, Ahead Take Ticket (W9–6hP) warning the Advance guide and Exit Direction and Option statements and an plaque, respectively. FHWA proposes signs. FHWA proposes this new associated figure showing an example of these new signs and plaques to provide Guidance to maintain uniformity in signing for a route diversion based on practitioners with a standard sign for signing for Community Interchanges. vehicle class. FHWA proposes these use on those facilities where tickets are 222. In Section 2E.52 (existing Section provisions to create a more uniform issued to determine the length of travel 2E.42), retitled, ‘‘NEXT XX EXITS Sign approach to diversion signing based on for assessing toll fees. (E9–3 Series),’’ FHWA proposes to add vehicle class. In Sections 2F.06 through 2F.09, a Guidance statement recommending 227. In Section 2E.57 (existing Section FHWA also proposes to delete the last that the legend displayed on the 2E.29) Signs for Intersections at Grade, sentence of the Standard requiring that Advance Guide and Exit Direction signs FHWA proposes to replace the existing the legend PAY TOLL shall be replaced for each interchange should not display Option with a paragraph allowing exit with a suitable legend such as TAKE the region or area name that is displayed numbering to be maintained when a TICKET where road users entering a toll on the NEXT XX Exits sign. FHWA freeway or expressway route is ticket facility are issued a toll ticket. proposes this new Guidance to maintain interrupted by a short segment of at- In Sections 2F.06 through 2F.08, uniformity in this type of signing and to grade intersections. FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes to add Guidance reduce the informational load within a this change because the existing Option that a Take Ticket Advance Warning guide sign sequence. is inconsistent with grade-separated sign should be installed overhead at 223. In Section 2E.53 (existing Section roadway signing principles and the new approximately 1 mile and 1⁄2 mile in 2E.54) Weigh Station Signing, FHWA Option allows continuity in navigation advance of mainline toll plazas to proposes to add Support, Standard, and signing along the length of an provide sufficient advance warning to Option and Guidance statements, as otherwise grade-separated route. road users of this required action. 234. In Section 2F.10 retitled, ‘‘LAST well as a new figure, to provide Discussion of Proposed Amendments to EXIT BEFORE TOLL Warning Plaques provisions for the standard sign Chapter 2F Toll Road Signs sequence for a Weigh Station on an (W16–16P, W16–16aP),’’ FHWA expressway or freeway to align better 228. As part of the reorganization to proposes to add a new W16–16aP with typical signing conventions used improve usability of the MUTCD, plaque as a two-line alternative to the on these types of roadways and to FHWA proposes to include subchapter W16–16P plaque. FHWA proposes this provide flexibility in the legend to allow headings in Chapter 2F to organize change to provide agencies design an alternate message COMMERCIAL sections into related groupings. FHWA flexibility where the plaque is used VEHICLE INSPECTION AREA, where proposes the following subchapters in above a narrow-width guide sign. Chapter 2F: General, Regulatory Signs, FHWA also proposes to require the 42 FHWA Official Ruling No. 2–650(E), ‘‘Sports Warning Signs, and Guide Signs. FHWA Exit Number Plaque, if used, to be Team Logos on Guide Signs.’’ proposes to include a list at the installed above the LAST EXIT BEFORE

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TOLL plaque for numbered exits. at toll plazas. In concert with this 2F.18 Guide Signs for Entrances to ETC- FHWA proposes this change to reiterate change, FHWA also proposes changing Only Facilities’’ and ‘‘Section 2F.19 and clarify the existing requirements in the Standard for word messages such as Guide Signs for ETC-Only Entrance Chapter 2E for the position of the Exit FULL SERVICE, CASH, CHANGE, or Ramps to Non-Toll Highway’’ that Number plaque. FHWA proposes this RECEIPTS to an Option to supplement contain provisions related to guide signs change as a conforming edit, which the required symbol panel. FHWA on facilities that are electronically tolled would not change the existing proposes this change to standardize and but do not require an ETC account. underlying requirement. use symbols in place of word messages FHWA proposes to add these sections FHWA proposes to delete the where a symbol has been developed that because of the increasing use of ETC- Standard, since the design of the W16– provides at least equivalent levels of Only facilities. The proposed new 16P is standardized and compliance is comprehension, legibility, and provisions are intended to provide required in accordance with the existing recognition, based on relevant consistent and uniform signing, much of provisions of Chapter 2A. research.43 which is already depicted in existing 235. In Section 2F.11 retitled, ‘‘TOLL Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a figures within this Chapter. Warning Plaque (W16–17P),’’ FHWA Standard statement requiring the use of 240. In proposed new Section 2F.18, proposes to change the TOLL auxiliary an Overhead-Arrow-Per-Lane Guide FHWA proposes to include a new sign from the Marker series (M4–15) to sign in advance of a location where the Standard regarding signs used to a warning plaque and change the mainline lanes split to separate traffic identify ETC-Only facilities that collect designation of the sign accordingly. entering Open-Road ETC lanes from tolls by post-travel billing of registered FHWA proposes this change because the lanes entering a toll plaza where other vehicle owners through postal mail, yellow background with black legend methods of payment are accepted and including if an ETC account program ‘‘TOLL’’ is used to call drivers’ attention an option lane is provided at the split. registration is also accepted. In concert to the tolled condition of a highway or FHWA proposes this standard to be with this change, FHWA proposes to highway segment to which they are consistent with the use of Overhead- add an Option allowing the addition of being guided and is not consistently Arrow-Per Lane Guide signs in Chapter a plaque with the legend NO CASH on used in the same manner as an auxiliary 2E where there is a split in the highway these signs. sign. with an option lane. FHWA also proposes to include an 236. In Section 2F.12 (existing Section 237. FHWA proposes to add a new Option statement providing flexibility to 2F.13) Toll Facility and Toll Plaza section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section display pictographs for other accepted Guide Signs—General, FHWA proposes 2F.13 Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) ETC toll programs on separate to add an Option to allow a State Toll Signs—General,’’ that contains information signs if the post-travel Route system sign to be used in lieu of information from paragraphs 9 through billing program also allows payment the State Route sign in combination paragraph 17 of existing Section 2F.13. through those ETC accounts without with the TOLL warning plaque. FHWA FHWA also proposes to relocate the restriction in the agencies’ primary ETC proposes this change to allow those existing Option statement regarding the program. States that have developed a unique use of a toll highway by non-registered FHWA also proposes to add an Route Sign design for tolled State toll account program drivers to new Option statement for flexibility highways to continue to use those types Section 2F.18. regarding signs that may be used to let of signs whose designs conform to the 238. In Section 2F.17 Guide Signs for motorist know if a surcharge is added to prescribed criteria, rather than requiring Entrances to ETC Account-Only the toll amount for those not registered a separate auxiliary sign. Facilities, FHWA proposes to relocate in toll account program. FHWA also proposes to add a and modify an Option statement from 241. In proposed new Section 2F.19, Standard statement requiring State Toll existing Section 2F.18 to permit a FHWA proposes to add Standard Route signs to incorporate the word separate information sign displaying the statement requiring guide signs for these TOLL into its design using the same route number, TOLL warning panel, and ramps to comply with the provisions of letter height, legend, background colors, the legend NO CASH within the 2F.18 to ensure consistency in signing and overall plaque dimensions specified sequence of the advance guide signs on between toll facilities and ramps. for the W16–20P plaque. FHWA the approach to the entrance to an ETC FHWA also proposes to add an proposes this change to maintain Account-Only facility, which is already Option statement allowing a NO–TOLL uniform legibility criteria for either depicted in existing Figure 2F–6. FHWA panel to be included on the top of the method. proposes this change to provide Exit Gore sign for an exit that provides In addition, FHWA proposes to agencies flexibility to use additional access to the facility without charging a supplement an existing Standard advance signing if needed. toll to provide clarification to the statement prohibiting the modification FHWA also proposes an Option to drivers. of Interstate, Off-Interstate, and U.S. allow the Exit Gore signs for entrance Route signs for tolled facilities. FHWA ramps to ETC Account-Only facilities to Discussion of Proposed Amendments to proposes this change to maintain incorporate the pictograph of the ETC Chapter 2G Preferential and Managed uniformity of these signs because they payment system with the word ONLY in Lane Signs apply to national systems. FHWA the header panel or plaque. FHWA 242. In Section 2G.01 Scope, FHWA proposes this change as a conforming proposes this change to allow agencies proposes to add a new Standard edit, which would not change the to reinforce that an ETC account is statement excluding bike lanes from the existing underlying requirement, as required to use the facility. provisions of the Chapter unless modification of these signs has never 239. FHWA proposes to add two new otherwise provided. FHWA proposes been allowed. sections numbered and titled, ‘‘Section this change because, in general, FHWA also proposes to modify information specific to bike lanes is existing Standard P20 to require, rather 43 Traffic Control Devices Pooled Fund Study: included in Part 9. Comprehension and Legibility of Selected Symbol than allow as an Option, the Signs, Phase III, dated June 2012 is available at the 243. In Section 2G.03 Regulatory incorporation of the Toll Taker (M4–17) following internet website: https:// Signs for Preferential Lanes—General, symbol panel in signs for attended lanes www.pooledfund.org/details/study/281. FHWA proposes to revise Option P14 to

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increase the minimum vertical clearance signs for locations where regulations are 247. In Section 2G.11 retitled, from 14 feet to 17 feet for post-mounted in place more than one time period of ‘‘Signing for Initial Entry Points to preferential lane regulatory signs on a the day to accommodate additional lines Preferential Lanes,’’ FHWA proposes to median barrier where lateral clearance of legend. add a new Standard to require an is limited. FHWA proposes this change In addition, FHWA proposes to Advance Guide sign approximately 1 for consistency with Standard P15 change the requirement to show 24 mile in advance of the entry point which references a requirement in HOURS when a preferential lane where a general-purpose lane becomes a Section 2A.18 to provide a 17-foot restriction is in effect on a full-time preferential lane that does not provide minimum vertical clearance for basis to an Option. FHWA proposes this continuous access with the adjacent overhead signs that are over the lane or change because typically traffic general-purpose lanes. FHWA also shoulder. FHWA proposes similar regulations are assumed to be in effect proposes to require a yellow panel with changes in 2G.08, ‘‘Warning Signs on on a full-time basis. However, FHWA black legend and border displaying a Median Barriers for Preferential Lanes,’’ retains the option to use the 24 HOURS down arrow and the word ONLY on the and Section 2G.10, ‘‘Preferential Lane legend because there are situations Advance Guide and Entrance Direction Guide Signs—General.’’ where it is necessary to reinforce that a signs and to add a new Figure to FHWA also proposes to delete Option restriction is in place at all times as part illustrate an example of these signs. P19 and Standard P20 allowing the of a change in operation or where FHWA proposes this change to provide HOV abbreviation or the diamond several facilities in the same area have road users with sufficient advance symbol on signs because all the different hours of operation. notice to change lanes if they desire to standard signs for HOV lanes include FHWA proposes to add a new Option continue in the general-purpose lanes, the diamond symbol and therefore the statement that allows the use of posted consistent with signing for dropped option is not needed. mounted Periods of Operation (R3–11 lanes at interchanges. Lastly, FHWA proposes to relocate series) signs instead of overhead Periods FHWA also proposes to indicate that paragraphs 23 through 26 from Section of Operation (R3–14 series) signs on several of the Standards and Guidance 2G.03 to Section 2G.16. conventional roads with preferential in this section apply to freeways and 244. In Section 2G.04 retitled, lane operations. FHWA proposes this expressways, because such provisions ‘‘Vehicle Occupancy Definition Signs are not appropriate for conventional (R3–10 Series and R3–13 Series),’’ option to provide clarity to an existing provision. roads. FHWA proposes to remove Guidance 248. In Section 2G.17 (existing FHWA proposes to delete existing paragraphs 4 and 5, because the legend Section 2G.16) Signs for Priced format of these signs is standardized Guidance P13 recommending the use of Managed Lanes—General, FHWA and must comply with existing overhead or post-mounted Period of proposes to delete the last Standard requirements of Chapter 2A. Operations signs at periodic intervals statement regarding the use of the FHWA also proposes to change the along the length of a contiguous or diamond symbol because it is redundant Standards in paragraphs 9 and 10 and buffer-separated preferential lane where with the provisions of Section 2G.03. add an Option to allow, rather than continuous access with the adjacent 249. In Section 2G.19 (existing 1 general-purpose lanes is provided, require, the placement interval of ⁄2 Section 2G.18) Guide Signs for Priced mile for R3–11a and R3–10 signs along because the use of these signs is Managed Lanes, FHWA proposes to add the length of an HOV lane where access required a Section 2G.05 Standard. a new Standard statement and is denied, to provide agencies greater Finally, FHWA proposes to delete accompanying figure prohibiting the use flexibility. existing Option P15 regarding the use of of ETC-account pictographs on the Finally, FHWA proposes to revise the overhead Periods of Operation (R3–14 primary guide sign directing traffic to last Guidance statement to specify that series) signs at the beginning or entry the managed lane when registration in the Preferential Lane regulatory sign points and/or at intermediate points a toll-account program is not required sequence spacing of 800 to 1,000 feet is along preferential lanes on conventional for travel in a managed lane in which applicable to freeways and expressways roads, because stating this as an Option tolls are charged. In such cases, FHWA and proposes to recommend that sign is unnecessary. proposes that the purple header panel spacing on conventional roads should 246. In Section 2G.07 retitled, shall be replaced with a warning header be determined by engineering judgment ‘‘Preferential Lane Ends Signs (R3–12a, panel with a black legend and border on based on speed, block length, distances R3–12b, R3–12c, R3–12d, R3–12g, R3– yellow background displaying the word from adjacent intersections, and other 12h, R3–15b, R3–15c, R3–15e),’’ FHWA TOLL. FHWA proposes this change to site-specific considerations. FHWA proposes to specify that the provide consistency in signing for toll proposes these changes due to the requirements for installing a Preferential facilities where registration is not differences in types and speeds of Lane Ends sign 1⁄2 mile in advance of required for travel for the purpose of conventional roads and the need to the termination of the lane or where it improving traffic efficiency and safety. provide agencies with more flexibility to becomes a general-purpose lane apply FHWA also proposes to add an provide appropriate signing based on specifically to freeways and Option provision allowing the legend site-specific conditions. expressways. FHWA also proposes to TOLL BILLED BY MAIL ONLY on a 245. In Section 2G.05 retitled, add a new Guidance statement to separate information sign within the ‘‘Preferential Lane Operation Signs (R3– determine the location of the sequence of primary guide signs in 11 Series, R3–14 Series),’’ FHWA Preferential Lane Ends sign on advance of an entrance to the managed proposes to change the Guidance conventional roads based on lane if the managed lane does not accept statement regarding the size of post- engineering judgment. FHWA proposes toll payments from an ETC account mounted R3–11 series signs to a these changes due to the differences in system and collects tolls only by post- Support statement to describe why the types and speeds of conventional roads travel billing of registered vehicle sizes are standardized. and to provide agencies with more owners. FHWA also proposes to add a flexibility to provide appropriate FHWA proposes to add another Guidance statement regarding signing based on site-specific Option allowing pictographs of the increasing the height of the R3–11 series conditions. accepted ETC account programs and the

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legend TOLL BILLED BY MAIL on a FHWA also proposes a Standard FHWA also proposes Guidance separate information sign within the requiring use of the TRAVEL ON recommending the use of Emergency sequence of primary guide signs in SHOULDER ENDS (R3–52A), END Turn-Out directional signs (D17–6) advance of an entrance to the managed TRAVEL ON SHOULDER (R3–52), and where turnouts are provided for lane if the managed lane accepts DO NOT DRIVE ON SHOULDER (R4– emergency stopping to provide road payments from registered ETC accounts 17) signs, appropriately sequenced, to users with notice of where stopping is but does not require registration to use indicate the termination of the shoulder allowed in the case of an emergency. the lane. travel allowance. FHWA proposes this 254. In new Section 2G.24, Lane-Use 250. In new Section 2G.20, Signs for sequence of signs to provide consistency Control Signals for Part-Time Travel on Part-Time Travel on a Shoulder— in signing and improve safety at all a Shoulder, FHWA proposes an Option General, FHWA proposes to add a locations that allow part-time travel on to allow the use of overhead lane-use Support statement regarding the general shoulder by providing a common control signals to indicate when a applicability of part-time travel on understanding of when shoulder travel shoulder is open or closed to travel. shoulders and factors to consider when is no longer allowed. FHWA also proposes a Standard that planning traffic control for such FHWA also proposes Guidance when lane-use control signals are used operations. FHWA also proposes to add regarding the BEGIN EXIT LANE (R3– for part-time travel on a shoulder, they a figure showing an example of signing 56) sign, the EMERGENCY STOPPING shall follow the provisions of Chapter for part-time travel on a shoulder. ONLY (R8–7) sign, and the TO TRAFFIC 4T; that lane-use control signals are not FHWA proposes a Standard stating ON SHOULDER (R3–57P) plaque used required to be used on adjacent travel that shoulders open to travel on a at the beginning of deceleration lanes lanes; and that a steady red X signal permanent full-time basis shall be where traffic is allowed to enter during indication shall be used to close the signed and marked as a standard travel the periods that travel is prohibited on shoulder to all travel except lane to be consistent with other travel the shoulder, at turnouts provided for emergencies. FHWA also proposes to lanes open on a full-time basis and to emergency stopping during periods require that when part-time travel on a accommodate the expectancy of road when travel is allowed on the shoulder, shoulder is allowed for variable periods users. and below YIELD signs where traffic on of operation, lane-use control signals 251. In new Section 2G.21, Regulatory an entrance ramp is required to yield to shall be used and evenly spaced Signs and Plaques for Part-Time Travel traffic using the shoulder, respectively. approximately evenly 1 2 on a Shoulder, FHWA proposes a FHWA proposes these ⁄ mile or less Standard requiring signs and plaques to recommendations to provide traffic and centered over the shoulder to notify road users of the periods of control devices to manage traffic more indicate the status of the shoulder travel operation that travel is allowed on a effectively in these circumstances. allowance. FHWA proposes the use of paved shoulder. FHWA proposes to 252. In new Section 2G.22, Warning the green down arrow during times require the use of a Part-Time Travel on Signs for Part-Time Travel on a when travel is allowed on the shoulder, Shoulder Operation (R3–51) sign where Shoulder, FHWA proposes Guidance to a yellow X just before the shoulder is to traffic is allowed to travel on the use the TRAFFIC USING SHOULDER be closed to travel, and a red X when shoulder during certain fixed periods of (W3–9) sign at entrances to freeways shoulder travel is discontinued. As part operation and the use of the Part-Time and expressways where part-time of this proposal, FHWA proposes to Travel on Shoulder Variable Operation shoulder travel is allowed in order to require that during the period when the (R3–51d) sign with two flashing beacons provide adequate warning to entering shoulder is open to travel, a lane-use mounted above it when the period of traffic. control signal that continuously operation is variable. FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes to add an displays a yellow X be used these two signs to provide road users Option to use the W3–9 sign on approximately 1⁄2 mile in advance of the with specific signing that distinguishes conventional roads where traffic that is location where part-time travel on the between fixed period and variable required to stop for or yield to the shoulder ends, and then displays a red operation, along with beacons to through street or highway on which X when the travel on shoulder ends. In indicate when use of the shoulders is part-time travel is allowed on the addition, FHWA proposes to require the allowed for variable operation. FHWA shoulder, to provide flexibility for this use of a lane-use control signal with a also proposes to require the use of sign’s use. red X display at all times at the location Selective Exclusion plaques to convey 253. In new Section 2G.23, Guide where part-time travel on the shoulder any restriction on certain types of Signs for Part-Time Travel on a ends. For part-time travel on shoulder vehicles. Shoulder, FHWA proposes a Standard with variable periods of operation, FHWA also proposes an Option to that the Advance and Exit Direction FHWA proposes an Option allowing the allow an EMERGENCY STOPPING guide signs shall be modified to include use of post-mounted TRAVEL ON ONLY OTHER TIMES (R3–51cP) plaque a blank-out or changeable EXIT ONLY SHOULDER ALLOWED WHEN to be mounted below the R3–51 sign if message if an interchange lane drop is FLASHING (R3–51d) signs with flashing the Selective Exclusion plaques are not created during the periods when a beacons be used lieu of the lane-use used. shoulder is open to travel. This is to control signals at the same intervals. FHWA proposes Guidance ensure adequate warning to road user FHWA also proposes an Option recommending the use of the TRAVEL and create consistency with allowing the use of the TRAVEL ON ON SHOULDER BEGINS 1⁄2 MILE (R3– requirements for such guide signs in SHOULDER ON GREEN ARROW ONLY 52c) sign be used in advance of the similar lane configurations. (R3–51e) sign with a lane-use control location where part-time travel on the FHWA also proposes a Standard signal. The R3–51e sign may be shoulder first begins followed by the DO requiring other Guide signs used in mounted adjacent to the signal head, NOT DRIVE ON SHOULDER (R4–17) conjunction with these facilities to be elsewhere on the signal support, or post- sign appropriately spaced downstream compliant with the provision of mounted next to, or in advance of, the in order to provide road users with Chapters 2D and 2E to ensure signal. FHWA proposes these additions additional information regarding the use consistency of all guide signs on the to provide consistency with other lane- of the shoulder. roadway. use control signal applications.

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255. In new Section 2G.25, Lane-Use considering multiple factors including demonstrated observers generally Control Signals for Active Lane known congestion points to adjust the required longer reading times for signs Management on Freeway and operating speed to minimize the extent that added pictographs, while the Expressways, FHWA proposes a of vehicle queuing and improve safety. pictographs themselves did not improve Standard that lane-use control signals comprehension of the sign message. Discussion of Proposed Amendments to used in this application shall be Chapter 2H General Information Signs In addition, FHWA proposes to compliant with the provisions of change the provision regarding Chapter 4T to ensure consistency across 257. In Section 2H.01 (existing trailblazer signs from a Standard to all applications to road users. Section 2H.02) retitled, ‘‘Scope,’’ FHWA Guidance to recommend, and not FHWA also proposes an Option to proposes to add a Standard indicating require, these signs prior to the airport allow a steady yellow X signal there are circumstances where guide signs. FHWA proposes this indication to be displayed on one or descriptive messages not relevant to change to make the provisions more more lane-use control signals in navigation and orientation shall not be flexible in applying engineering advance of the steady yellow X signal included in the legends of General judgment in specific situations. indication required before on the last Information signs. This clarification is 260. In Section 2H.04 (existing signal before the point of lane closure. needed to ensure that traffic control Section 2H.03) Traffic Signal Speed FHWA proposes this to provide devices are employed only for their Sign (I1–1), FHWA proposes to add a flexibility where more advance warning intended purpose of regulating, new Standard requiring the electronic- of a lane closure ahead is considered warning, and guiding road users. display changeable section of the Traffic necessary. FHWA proposes to revise existing P3 Signal Speed sign to be a white legend FHWA also proposes a Standard that to provide an exception for the color on a black opaque or green background. lane-use control signals shall be used and shape of State Welcome signs, FHWA proposes this change to provide only to supplement temporary traffic Acknowledgement signs, and uniformity for this portion of the sign, control devices when used during a Alternative Fuels Corridor signs, rather consistent with the provisions for planned road closure. FHWA proposes than jurisdictional boundary signs. changeable message signs that allow the this language to clarify the existing FHWA also proposes to re-designate background portion of the sign to match requirement for temporary traffic all signs in this Chapter to be consistent the static sign. control devices in this application as with the alphanumeric designations for FHWA also proposes to remove the provided for in Part 6 of the MUTCD. all other signs in the Manual. Standard describing the minimum size FHWA also proposes Guidance on 258. In Section 2H.02 (existing of the Traffic Signal Speed Sign as that spacing lane-use control signals at 1⁄2 Section 2H.01) Sizes of General information is contained in existing mile intervals, or closer spacing when Information Signs, FHWA proposes to Table 2H–1. certain geometric conditions exist, or revise the Option allowing sign sizes to 261. FHWA proposes to add a new when intervening interchange ramps are be larger than those contained in Table 1 section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section not adequately served by ⁄2-mile 2H–1 to add an exception that larger 2H.05 Jurisdictional Boundary (I2–1) spacing. This is to ensure road users sizes may not be used where a Signs,’’ to provide Option, Guidance, have adequate warning of lane-use maximum allowable size is specified. Standard and Support statements restrictions at all times. FHWA proposes this change to restrict specifically related to Jurisdictional FHWA also proposes Guidance to the use of over-sized signs only to those Boundary signs, which are referred to as minimize the combining of lane-use situations where appropriate. control signals with overhead sign FHWA also proposes to delete the Political Boundary signs in the current structures. This is proposed to minimize Recycling Collection Center (I–11) MUTCD. FHWA proposes this new the informational load on the road user symbol sign from the MUTCD because section in concert with the proposed and avoid conflict or incorrect residential and curbside recycling make change in Section 2H.01 (existing messaging. the need for this sign obsolete and Section 2H.02) to differentiate between 256. In new Section 2G.26, Variable separate Recycling Centers, apart from State Welcome signs and Jurisdictional Speed Limits for Active Traffic waste disposal facilities, generally do Boundary signs. Management on Freeways and not exist anymore. 262. FHWA proposes to renumber and Expressways, FHWA proposes a FHWA proposes to relocate existing retitle section 2H.04 Miscellaneous Standard requiring the regulatory speed Standard P14 regarding the height of a Information Signs (I2–2) to, ‘‘Section display on a changeable speed limit pictograph on a political boundary 2H.06, Geographic Feature (I2–2) Sign,’’ signs comply with Paragraph 2 of General Information sign to new Section and to make appropriate sign title Section 2B.22 of the MUTCD. This is 2H.05 to consolidate information in one changes throughout this section to have proposed to ensure that variable speed location. the sign title better align with the stated limit sign designs are consistent across 259. FHWA proposes to add a new intent of these signs, which is to orient all roadways to improve recognition, Section 2H.03 titled, ‘‘Airport Signs,’’ road users on the roadway based on which leads to better traffic operations which contains portions of existing geographic features. and increased safety. Section 2H.02. FHWA proposes to add 263. FHWA proposes to add a new FHWA also proposes to add Guidance a new Standard prohibiting the use of section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section that the location and positioning of airport pictographs or other graphical 2H.07 State Welcome Signs,’’ to provide Variable Speed Limit signs should representation of the specific airport information regarding the design, associate the speed displayed on them with or in place of the specific airport placement, and function of State to the lane or lanes intended to be name on guide signs. FHWA proposes Welcome signs, which have a different regulated to avoid potential confusion this change in concert with similar purpose from Jurisdictional Boundary as to the applicability of the speed limit. changes throughout the Manual based signs that identify and mark State lines. FHWA also proposes Guidance that on human factors research 44 45 that The new section contains provisions for variable speed limit signs, in addition to post-interchange placement, should be 44 FHWA Official Ruling No. 2–650(E), ‘‘Sports 45 ‘‘Sports Logo Evaluation Report,’’ Perez, W. et spaced based on an engineering study Team Logos on Guide Signs.’’ al., November 2011.

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the location, display, and size of State 268. In Section 2H.12 (existing is proposed to ensure these signs are Welcome signs. Section 2H.06), retitled, ‘‘Enhanced consistent with other service type signs 264. FHWA proposes to add a new Reference Location Signs (D10–4) and and maintain their purpose of section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Intermediate Enhanced Reference acknowledging sponsors of services 2H.08 Future Interstate Signs (I2–4, I2– Location Signs (D10–5),’’ FHWA only. 4a),’’ to provide provisions for Future proposes to add a Standard statement to FHWA proposes to add an Option Interstate Route and Future Interstate clarify that the display of a decimal allowing new Rest Area and Welcome Corridor signing along an existing route point and zero numeral is required on Center Acknowledgement signs (I20–4 that has been designated to be Intermediate Enhanced Reference and I20–4a) that provides the name of reconstructed as an Interstate route or Location (D10–5) signs used at the the rest area and welcome center along an existing route adjacent to a integer mile point. FHWA proposes this sponsor. In concert with this change, corridor through which an Interstate addition to improve recognition of the FHWA proposes a new Standard route will be constructed. The new sign message through the use of a prohibiting the names or representations section contains provisions for the consistent numbering nomenclature and of specific products or services provided location, spacing, and legend of Future provide consistency with the same by the sponsor within the rest area to be Interstate and Future Interstate Corridor requirement in Section 2H.10 for included on the sign. FHWA also signs. In concert with this change, Reference Location Signs (D10–4) and proposes to add a Standard prohibiting FHWA amends 23 CFR part 470, subpart Intermediate Reference Location Signs the use of program names or slogans on A, appendix C, ‘‘Policy for the Signing (D10–5). rest area guide signs or other traffic and Numbering of Future Interstate FHWA also proposes to remove the control devices. Corridors Designated by Section 332 of allowance of blue background enhanced FHWA proposes to revise the the NHS Designation Act of 1995 or reference location signs, requiring them Standard paragraph regarding Designated Under 23 U.S.C. to be green, to establish uniformity. acknowledgment signs and plaque 103(c)(4)(B).’’ Specifically, FHWA FHWA also proposes to remove the designs to include additional provisions proposes to delete the existing text of sign design provisions for these signs as related to orientation, dimension, area the section entitled, ‘‘Sign Details,’’ and the designs are standardized and are of the sign, and sizing the sign based on instead refer to the MUTCD for any required to comply with the existing standard sizes specified in Table 2I–1. criteria involving highway signing for provisions of Chapter 2A. FHWA proposes these changes so that this purpose. 269. FHWA proposes to relocate the MUTCD provisions for these signs 265. FHWA proposes to add a new Section 2H.07, ‘‘Auto Tour Route are consistent with FHWA Order Section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Signs,’’ to Chapter 2D and combine with 5160.1A 48 and sign size requirements 2H.09 Project Information Sign (I2–5)’’ Section 2D.57, ‘‘State-Designated Scenic established earlier in this Chapter. with Support and Standard statements Byway, Historic Trail, and Auto Tour FHWA proposes an Option paragraph related to signs that are used to provide Route Signs.’’ allowing for the name of the limited information about ongoing 270. In Section 2H.13 (existing municipality or neighborhood in which highway construction projects. FHWA Section 2H.08) retitled, the sponsoring outlet of a business is proposes this section to standardize the ‘‘Acknowledgment Signs and Plaques located if there are multiple locations in design and use of signs provided for in (I20 Series),’’ FHWA proposes several the same area. FHWA proposes this 23 CFR 635.309(o). In concert with this revisions to reflect FHWA Order No. change to allow for the acknowledgment 46 change, FHWA proposes to amend 23 5160.1 A, that cancels FHWA Order of the specific franchisee in cases in 47 CFR 635.309(o) to refer to the MUTCD 5160.1, both of which are related to which the corporation itself is not the for any criteria involving Project FHWA Policy on Sponsorship sponsor. Information signs. Acknowledgement and Agreements FHWA proposes to add an Option 266. FHWA proposes to add a new within the Public Right-of-Way. FHWA permitting Acknowledgement plaques section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section proposes this change to minimize the to be mounted below General Service 2H.10 Grade Separation Identification number of additional signs and signs to acknowledge a sponsor of a Signs (I2–43, I2–43a),’’ to provide informational load imposed on road corridor- or region- based highway- Option and Guidance on these signs users. related service including Radio-Weather FHWA proposes to change the used for identifying a grade separation Information (D12–1), Radio-Traffic Guidance related to acknowledgment from another highway or transportation Information (D12–1a), TRAVEL INFO sign policy provisions to a Standard to facility such as a railway, bikeway, or CALL 511 (D12–5 and D12–5a), and ensure sign design and placement of pathway. Roadside Assistance (D12–6) signs. In these signs does not conflict with other 267. In Section 2H.11 (existing concert with this change, FHWA provisions in the MUTCD. proposes Standard paragraphs Section 2H.05), retitled, ‘‘Reference FHWA also proposes to add a Location Signs (D10–1 through D10–3) prohibiting the installation of an Standard requiring that Acknowledgment plaque in conjunction and Intermediate Reference Location Acknowledgment signs and plaques Signs (D10–1a through D10–3a),’’ with other signs or traffic control have a white legend on a blue devices and limiting the legend that can FHWA proposes to revise the Option to background and be independent post- indicate that Intermediate Reference be displayed on an Acknowledgment mounted roadside installations only and plaque. Location (D10–1a to D10–3a) signs may not be overhead-mounted. This change also be installed at two tenths of a mile 271. FHWA proposes to add a new or one-half mile intervals. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 46 FHWA Order 5160.1A, issued April 7, 2014, 2H.14 Alternative Fuels Corridor Sign’’ FHWA also proposes to delete two can be viewed at the following internet website: Standard Statements in this section https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/ to provide Standard, Option, Guidance, describing the sign design requirements orders/51601a.cfm. 47 FHWA Order 5160.1, issued March 13, 2012, 48 FHWA Order 5160.1A, issued April 7, 2014, as these designs are standardized and can be viewed at the following internet website: can be viewed at the following internet website: must comply with the existing https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/ https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/ provisions of Chapter 2A. orders/51601.cfm. orders/51601a.cfm.

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and Support provisions for the use of recognizing that it may be appropriate to from Section 2I.09 pertaining to the Alternative Fuels Corridor signs. FHWA include business names. EMERGENCY CALL XX Sign (D12–4). also proposes new Figures 2H–9 and FHWA proposes to delete Guidance 279. In Section 2I.12 (existing Section 2H–10 to illustrate Alternative Fuels text indicating that Interstate Oasis signs 2I.10), ‘‘TRAVEL INFO CALL 511 Signs Corridor Sign Assembly examples and should have a white legend with a letter (D12–5, D12–5a),’’ FHWA proposes to an Alternative Fuels Corridor Signing height of at least 10 inches and a white revise the Option statement to allow a layout example, respectively. This border on a blue background as the pictograph of the transportation agency, section adds the provisions of FHWA designs of these signs are standardized or the travel information service or policy memorandum entitled, and must comply with the existing program to be displayed in place of the ‘‘MUTCD—Signing for Designated provisions of Chapter 2A. TRAVEL INFO CALL 511 legend on the Alternative Fuels Corridors,’’ dated FHWA proposes to delete the D12–5a sign. This is proposed to December 21, 2016.49 Interstate Oasis symbol panel, along provide agencies greater flexibility in with the related Standard, based on program identification. Discussion of Proposed Amendments to poor comprehension of the symbol and Chapter 2I General Service Signs FHWA also proposes to delete the the fact that no State currently uses the Guidance paragraph related to the 272. In Section 2I.02 General Service symbol. maximum pictograph height and add a Signs for Conventional Roads, FHWA Finally, FHWA proposes to add a new new Standard establishing the Interstate Oasis Directional (D5–12b) proposes a new Standard paragraph maximum height of the transportation sign to provide road users the direction limiting the use of the Hospital sign to agency or travel information service or and distance to the Interstate Oasis from facilities that operate on a full-time program pictograph to be the height of an exit ramp. basis. FHWA proposes this change to the 511 pictograph that would otherwise accommodate the expectation of road 275. In Section 2I.08, retitled, be used on the D12–5a sign for the type users that a hospital operates on a full- ‘‘Tourist Information and Welcome of roadway it is located. FHWA time basis. In concert with this change, Center Signs (D5–7 Series, D5–8),’’ proposes this change to provide FHWA proposes an Option paragraph FHWA proposes to revise the Guidance uniformity in the size of travel allowing the Emergency Medical statement regarding the supplemental information signing. Services sign to be used for medical care signs installed with Tourist Information 280. FHWA proposes to add a new facilities that operate only on a part- or Welcome Center signs to suggest section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section time basis. limiting the number of supplemental 273. In Section 2I.03 General Service sign panels to three (3). FHWA proposes 2I.13 Roadside Assistance Sign (D12– Signs for Freeways and Expressways, this change for consistency with other 6),’’ which would permit the use of a FHWA proposes a new Guidance provisions in Part 2 related to the new Roadside Assistance sign along a paragraph recommending the use of D9– amount of information on a sign legend highway that is served by an authorized 18 or D9–18a signs for numbered and driver comprehension, thus road assistance program with authorized interchanges. FHWA also proposes new minimizing the informational load service vehicles and personnel that Support and Option statements imposed on drivers. provide roadside vehicle repair regarding motorist expectations for 276. In Section 2I.09, retitled, ‘‘Radio assistance to road users free of charge. facilities providing alternative fuels, as Information Signing (D12–1 Series),’’ FHWA proposes this change to provide well as policy criteria for alternative FHWA proposes to add two new signs: agencies with a consistent sign that fuel vehicles to address issues specific (1) A Radio-Traffic Information (D12– would be recognized by road users. to alternative fuel vehicles. 1a) sign and (2) an Urgent Message 281. In Section 2I.14 (existing Section FHWA also proposes to change the When Flashing (D12–1bP) plaque. 2I.11), retitled, ‘‘Carpool and Standard requiring sign space be left FHWA also proposes to add an Option Ridesharing Signing (D12–2),’’ FHWA blank for future services to a Guidance statement allowing the Urgent Message proposes to revise the existing Standard to provide agencies with greater When Flashing plaque to be mounted to add a maximum horizontal flexibility based on the agency’s below a D12–1 or D12–1a sign when dimension of 30 inches for consistency knowledge of local conditions. supplemented by warning beacons that with similar applications to maintain 274. In Section 2I.04 retitled, flash only when a message related to primacy of other more critical signs. ‘‘Interstate Oasis Signing (D5–12 adverse travel conditions is being FHWA also proposes to remove the Series),’’ FHWA proposes to delete the broadcast. FHWA proposes these existing Guidance pertaining to legend, Guidance recommending that names or changes to provide additional signs that border, and background colors as the logos of businesses designated as may be beneficial to agencies that design requirements of this sign are Interstate Oasis not be included in the provide radio services. As discussed in standardized and must comply with the Interstate Oasis sign and instead the following two items, FHWA existing provisions of Chapter 2A. proposes to add a new Option proposes to create two new sections that 282. FHWA proposes to add a new permitting the name of the business contain material from existing Section section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section designated as an Interstate Oasis to be 2I.09 to assist practitioners better in 2I.15 Signing for Truck Parking provided below the Interstate Oasis finding information. Availability (D9–16b through D9–16e),’’ legend on the D5–12 sign if Specific 277. FHWA proposes add a new with Option, Standard, Support, and Service signing is not used at the section, numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Guidance statements, as well as two interchange. FHWA proposes this 2I.10 Channel 9 Monitored Sign (D12– new figures, related to the use of Truck change based on experience with 3)’’ containing existing Option and Parking Availability General Service signing for the Interstate Oasis areas and Standard statements from Section 2I.09 signs that may be used to display the pertaining to the Channel 9 Monitored number of available truck parking 49 FHWA Policy Memorandum, ‘‘MUTCD— Sign (D12–3). spaces at roadside areas such as rest Signing for Designated Alternative Fuels 278. FHWA proposes a new section, areas, welcome centers, and weigh Corridors,’’ issued December 21, 2016, can be stations, and at facilities off a highway viewed at the following internet website: https:// numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2I.11 mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/policy/alt_fuel_ EMERGENCY CALL XX Sign (D12–4)’’ that are open to the public and provide corridors/index.htm. containing an existing Option statement parking for commercial vehicles.

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Discussion of Proposed Amendments to panels for alternative fuel facilities on the sign as indicating that this type of Chapter 2J Specific Service Signs GAS Specific Service Signs for those service is still available, similar to the 283. FHWA proposes to replace facilities that offer only alternative fuels, message on a General Service sign. Finally, FHWA proposes to add a new ‘‘logo’’ with ‘‘business identification’’ but not gasoline. This addition is Figure 2J–1 to illustrate an example of signs throughout Chapters 2J and 2K to because driver expectancy for General Service Signs in Conjunction recognize that a word legend can and businesses on the GAS sign is that the with Specific Service Signs. often is used in lieu of a logo to identify business sells gasoline, even if one of the several alternative fuels might also 286. In Section 2J.03 Logos and the business on the Specific Service Business Identification Sign Panels, sign. This generally occurs when the be available. In concert with this change, FHWA also proposes to add a FHWA proposes to add a Guidance business to be identified does not have Support paragraph identifying the statement recommending that graphic or a logo, their logo is not widely option to sign for alternative fuel trademarked logos used on a logo sign recognized, or their logo is otherwise facilities with General Service signs and panel should be consistent with the on- unsuitable for display on the sign. The directing users to Chapter 2I for more premise business identification signs at reclassification does not change the information on those provisions. the location of the business that are allowance for a business or service FHWA also proposes Standard, visible from the roadway. FHWA provider to use a corporate logo on a Guidance, and Support statements proposes this recommendation to Specific Service sign. limiting the allowable number of provide consistency between the logo 284. In Section 2J.01 Eligibility, business identification sign panels for sign panel and the signing on the FHWA proposes to delete the 24-hour each Specific Service to six and business and accommodate driver Pharmacy Specific Service category recommending that when there are more expectancy and positive guidance. because there has been little demand than six eligible facilities for one or FHWA also proposes to delete the and most pharmacies that did obtain a more categories of service, General Option allowing the border to be logo on a Specific Service sign have Service signs for those services should omitted where business identification since withdrawn from the associated be used instead. The proposed Support symbols or trademarks are used alone agency program. Instead, the 24-hour statement explains that Specific Service for a logo. FHWA proposes this change pharmacy would remain as General signs are intended for areas primarily to ensure consistent apparent size and Service only. FHWA also proposes to rural in character, and that when visibility of the individual logos. remove references to 24-hour services at an interchange are abundant, FHWA also proposes to revise the pharmacies from Section 2J.02. the character of the area is no longer Standard regarding supplemental FHWA also proposes to remove primarily rural and the need to identify messages on logo sign panels to prohibit alternative fuels from the qualifications specific types or brands of facilities is specifically additional amenities or for a GAS business identification sign generally unnecessary and General products unrelated to the service panel to eliminate any potential driver Service signs would be more category because those items are expectancy confusion should a facility appropriate. considered promotional advertising. offer one or more of the many FHWA also proposes to add a FHWA proposes this revision to clarify alternative fuels only and not gasoline. Guidance statement recommending that the existing provisions, which do not FHWA also proposes to change the ATTRACTION Specific Service sign allow for such messages. existing Guidance P10 to Standard, should have no more than four business FHWA also proposes to add a new because it is important for States to have identification sign panels. FHWA Standard explicitly prohibiting the a statewide policy for Specific Signing proposes to explain in the Support display of messages related to the for the program to be successfully statement that, because of the promotion or availability of logo space implemented in a consistent manner. considerable variation in the types of on Specific Service signs. Such policies already exist in a majority attractions found on these signs, and the Further, FHWA proposes to add an of the States. fact that many do not include well Option to clarify that supplemental 285. In Section 2J.02 Application, known services or national logos, it is messages identifying an alternative fuel FHWA proposes to delete 24-hour generally more difficult and requires available may be added only to the Pharmacy Specific Service category significantly more time to decipher business identification sign panels on from Standard P2 because there has between types of attractions shown on the GAS Specific Services sign for a gas been little demand and most pharmacies an ATTRACTION sign than for other facility that provides that alternative that did obtain a logo on a Specific categories of Specific Service signs fuel in addition to, rather than in lieu Service sign have since withdrawn from where the types of facilities are more of, gasoline. FHWA proposes this the associated agency program. FHWA uniform. change as a clarification of the Option also proposes to revise existing P2 to FHWA also proposes to revise provision allowing supplemental address the display of distances existing Standard P3 to clarify that messages for essential motorist explicitly to eligible facilities on the configurations or arrangements of logo information and to accommodate driver Specific Service signs on the approach sign panels other than those listed are expectancy of the nature of the services to the interchange. While this practice not allowed. displayed. has never been allowed, FHWA FHWA proposes to add a new FHWA also proposes to revise the proposes this language to provide Guidance and a new Option statement Guidance provision regarding the clarification based on the results of recommending that if a service is no legend and background colors of the official experimentation and studies longer available from an interchange or supplemental messages, recommending demonstrating that the display of intersection, then the legend displaying they be a black legend on a yellow distances requires too much time to read the service type and direction background for that portion of the and reduces the effectiveness of these information should be removed, or may business identification sign panel. signs. only be covered if there is indication FHWA proposes this change to make it FHWA also proposes to add a new that this service may become available easier for motorists to recognize Standard statement prohibiting the in the near future. This is proposed so supplemental information that is critical inclusion of business identification sign that the road user does not misinterpret to their decision making.

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FHWA also proposes to delete the FHWA also proposes to add a Service signs establish a general signing Option and Standard for the alternative Guidance statement that recommends policy and add a requirement for a circular RV ACCESS supplemental distances of less than 1⁄4 mile, when Statewide policy on the eligibility of message to standardize the RV ACCESS displayed, be displayed to the nearest service providers. FHWA proposes this supplemental message for consistency. 1⁄10 mile. change to ensure that States have a Finally, FHWA proposes to revise the Finally, FHWA proposes to delete the policy on eligible businesses for their Standard regarding business Option allowing the use of an exit Specific Service sign program that identification sign panel displays to number plaque on Specific Service signs provides businesses equitable and prohibit a panel from displaying more in advance of an interchange, because consistent qualifications for signs, than one name or identification logo/ the standardized sign already contains thereby meeting road user expectations trademark for the same business and to the exit number. while maintaining the recommendations prohibit marketing slogans. This 289. FHWA proposes to add a new on minimum sign policy criteria to be Standard also does not allow a sign section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section considered. panel to be used to display messages 2J.09 Collector-Distributor Roadways for related to the promotion or availability Successive Interchanges,’’ to include Discussion of Proposed Amendments to of adding a business identification sign Support, Guidance, and Standard Chapter 2K Tourist-Oriented panel. FHWA proposes this change statements regarding signing for a Directional Signs because promotional advertising is not collector-distributor roadway that 292. In Section 2K.01 Purpose and allowed on traffic control devices. provides access to multiple Application, FHWA proposes to revise 287. In Section 2J.06 Signs at interchanges. This proposal includes the requirement in Standard P4 to Interchanges, FHWA proposes a requirements and recommendation on clarify that tourist-oriented directional revision to the Standard indicating that the number and location of signs based signs shall be limited to use on rural Specific Service signs shall not be used on the number of service facilities highways. FHWA also proposes to at freeway-to-freeway interchanges, available at the multiple interchanges. change the terminology from ‘‘rural except at ramps that also provide access FHWA proposes this new Section to conventional roads’’ to ‘‘rural to a conventional road within that address the application of mainline highways’’ to match that used for such interchange. FHWA proposes this to Specific Service signing when more facilities as provided in Section 1C.02 ensure drivers are not confused by than one interchange is accessed from for clarity. indicating a service is available on the the collector-distributor roadway. FHWA also proposes to delete the freeway itself. FHWA proposes to add a new Figure requirement in Standard P5 that the To complement the existing Guidance 2J–7 to illustrate an example of Specific specific service information be providing recommended minimum Services Signing from Collector- incorporated into the tourist-oriented spacing between Specific Service ramp Distributor Road. directional signs at intersections on signs, FHWA also proposes 290. In Section 2J.11 (existing Section conventional roads or expressways recommended minimum spacing 2J.10) Signs at Intersections, FHWA when both tourist-oriented directional between Specific Service ramp signs proposes to delete Standard P1 that signs and Specific Service signs are and other signs along the ramp. FHWA requires that the specific service needed. This is proposed for proposes this change to ensure that information be incorporated into the consistency with the removal of the adequate spacing between critical tourist-oriented directional signs at same requirement in Section 2J.11 destination, warning, and regulatory intersections on conventional roads or (existing Section 2J.10). signs along the ramp is maintained. expressways when both tourist-oriented 293. In Section 2K.02 Design, FHWA Finally, FHWA proposes to add a new directional signs and Specific Service proposes to add a new Standard Figure 2J–6 to illustrate an example of signs are needed. FHWA proposes requiring recreational and cultural Specific Services Signing for a removing this requirement to provide interest area symbols to be white on a Conventional Road Accessed within a agencies the flexibility to provide brown background. In addition, Freeway-to-Freeway Interchange. continuity of information on these sign business identification sign panels shall 288. In Section 2J.07 Single-Exit types as may be expected by road users. not exceed 24 inches in width and 15 Interchanges, FHWA proposes to revise FHWA also proposes to add Guidance inches in height. FHWA proposes these Standard P2 to clarify that the provision recommending that sufficient space be requirements to comply with sign colors applies only to those ramps that allow provided between these different types as required in Chapter 2A and ensure a traffic to turn in either direction of the of signs used at the same intersection so the business identification sign panels crossroad. FHWA proposes this that the road user is not overloaded with are proportional in size with a tourist- clarification to provide greater information, and a requirement that if oriented sign. flexibility to agencies by not requiring sufficient space is not available to add 294. In Section 2K.04 Arrangement the ramp signs when the ramp requires these signs to the other guide, warning, and Size of Signs, FHWA proposes to all traffic to turn in one direction of the and regulatory signs that either or both change the Guidance regarding the crossroad, resulting in cost savings to of these service sign types shall not be maximum number of signs installed in agencies and participating businesses. used. each assembly from four to three to be FHWA proposes to change the FHWA also proposes to revise the consistent with guidance provided in Guidance statement to an Option Guidance to remind users that the use Section 2E.10 that no more than two statement to allow, rather than of Specific Service signs in non-rural or destination names or street names recommend that Specific Service ramp conventional roadways is subject to an should be displayed on any Advance signs display distances to a facility engineering study in compliance with Guide sign or Exit Direction sign, and when not visible from the ramp Section 2J.01. consistency with research completed by intersection. FHWA proposes this 291. In renumbered Section 2J.12 the Quebec Ministry of Transport 50 that change to provide agencies greater Signing Policy, FHWA proposes to flexibility in determining whether to change to a Standard the 50 The research report can be viewed at the display the distance on Specific Service recommendation that each highway following internet website: http://conf.tac-atc.ca/ ramp signs. agency that elects to use Specific english/resourcecentre/readingroom/conference/

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found road users cannot adequately FHWA also proposes to add a new FHWA also proposes to revise process the information when more than Guidance statement recommending that Support P4 to clarify examples of three destination panels are present in CMS not be used in place of static guide acceptable traffic safety campaign a sign assembly. sign messages except for blank-out type supporting and transportation-related 295. In Section 2L.01 Description of signs used to display regulatory, messages. Changeable Message Signs, FHWA warning, and guidance information that FHWA also proposes to add new proposes to add a paragraph to the routinely reoccurs but only on a part- Guidance and Standard paragraphs Support statement to clarify that time basis. In addition, only elements of regarding the appropriate and allowable Changeable Message Signs (CMS) are a sign that are subject to change should use of traffic safety campaign messages traffic control devices, and therefore be in an electronic display. FHWA on CMS displays. FHWA proposes this fundamental principles for the design proposes these changes to help ensure new language to clarify that safety and and application apply, regardless of the consistency in sign design by transportation-related messages should type of message. The statement further controlling the potential variability of be clear and direct, and meaningful to explains that Chapter 2L is not a stand- information that should not change on the road user on the roadway that the alone chapter and criteria and use of a sign. message is displayed. FHWA engineering processes in other areas of In addition, FHWA proposes to delete recommends that messages with obscure the MUTCD also apply to CMS. Support Item D, messages pertaining to meaning, references to popular culture, FHWA proposes to relocate and revise control at crossing situations, from the that are intended to be humorous, or list of types of messages for which CMS otherwise use nonstandard syntax, not Standard P3 to Section 2L.02, because are applicable. FHWA proposes this be displayed because they can be this language applies to the applications change, because ‘‘control at crossings’’ misunderstood or understood only by a of CMS and not the description of them. is not well understood and such limited segment of road users and, FHWA proposes to add a new messages would be covered under the therefore, degrade the overall Standard prohibiting information other other more general categories within the effectiveness of the sign as an official than inventory or maintenance-related list, such as ‘‘Warning situations’’ or traffic control device. FHWA proposes information from being displayed on the ‘‘Traffic regulations.’’ in the Standard that only traffic safety front or back of a CMS or portable CMS. FHWA proposes to change existing campaign messages that are part of an This prohibition also includes names or Guidance P3 to a Standard to require active, coordinated safety campaign that logos of the manufacturer either in the that agencies that have permanently uses other media forms as its primary message display or on the exterior installed or positioned CMS have a means of outreach be displayed on housing. FHWA proposes this change to policy regarding their use and the CMS. Based on the widely varying ensure the traffic control messages display of all types of messages used on views that have been expressed on the displayed on these signs are not CMS. Such policies shall define the topic of uses of CMS and message compromised by other miscellaneous or types of messages that would be content, including the use of promotional information, consistent allowed, the priority of messages, the unconventional syntax and humor, with the provisions for all traffic control syntax of messages, the timing of FHWA requests that commenters devices. messages, and other important provide sufficient detail and 296. In Section 2L.02 Applications of messaging elements to ensure messages explanation of how their position would Changeable Message Signs, FHWA displayed meet the basic principles that maintain the uniformity and proposes to relocate and revise Standard govern the design and use of traffic effectiveness of CMS for their intended P3 from Section 2L.01 because this control devices in general and traffic purpose of displaying real-time traffic language applies to the applications of signs in particular as provided for in the regulatory, warning, or guidance CMS and not the description of them. MUTCD. In concert with this change, information. FHWA requests that As part of the revisions, FHWA FHWA proposes that State and local commenters address, in particular, the proposes to clarify that CMS are to agencies that use CMS that are not use of CMS for messages outside the display only information as provided for permanently installed or positioned scope of traffic-related messages, such in this chapter and other types of should develop and establish a similar as those that are intended only to messages not related to traffic control policy. FHWA proposes these changes modify driver behavior, the frequency and not provided for in this chapter in order to ensure urgent and real-time and extent of use for this purpose, and shall not be displayed on CMS. FHWA traffic operational and safety messages its overall effect on the efficacy of traffic proposes this additional language to developed to address varying roadway messages when displayed. Specific promote uniformity in the use of CMS and traffic conditions are easily references should be made to the and to discourage the use CMS to understood, timely, and relevant. proposed MUTCD text and the display messages not provided for in the FHWA proposes to include explanation provided in this document. MUTCD, ensuring that the CMS adhere recommendations specific to the display In addition, FHWA requests that to the basic principles of an effective of AMBER alerts, including limiting the commenters provide supporting traffic control device that are stated in length of messages, and details, such as objective and empirical data, such as the existing provisions of Part 1. description of persons, vehicles or those from human factors evaluations, FHWA also proposes to change license plate numbers. In addition, engineering studies, and similar existing Option P2 to a Guidance and FHWA proposes to add a new Standard nonsubjective assessments. move the statement earlier in this paragraph prohibiting other ‘‘alert’’ FHWA also proposes Support, section to clarify the types of messages messages that are not related to traffic or Standard, and Guidance statements to be used on CMS in support of the travel conditions that are not otherwise regarding the use of messages related to proposed Standard relocated from permitted in P2. FHWA proposes this to homeland security and emergencies that Section 2L.01. emphasize that AMBER alert messages affect traffic patterns, movement, or are a result of a statutory requirement present other situations that are conf2010/docs/j4/audet.pdf. and are the only ‘‘alert’’ exception to the atypical. FHWA proposes these Proposed Amendments to Chapter 2L Changeable statute that requires traffic control statements to provide provisions for Message Signs devices to be related to traffic control. messaging on CMS for such events

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while maintain the integrity of and FHWA also proposes to revise of message construction for CMS. respect for CMS as a traffic control Guidance P6 regarding CMS word FHWA proposes these tables to ensure device. message lettering heights to clarify what that message recognition, FHWA also proposes to add Guidance types of CMS the letter heights apply to, comprehension, and effectiveness is that safety campaigns using CMS should and to clarify that the provisions do not maintained for all road users. include coordinated enforcement efforts apply to blank-out signs. 300. FHWA proposes a new section FHWA also proposes to change when penalties or enforcement numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2L.06 warnings are part of the CMS message existing Guidance P15 regarding legend color when there is a black background Frequency of Display of Messages.’’ In displayed to road users. FHWA this new section, FHWA proposes proposes this to maintain the credibility to a Standard for sign consistency since changeable message signs can Support and Guidance paragraphs to of these signs and improve safety. address the potential for habituation to 297. In Section 2L.03 Legibility and accommodate multiple colors. FHWA also proposes to delete the last changeable message signs due to Visibility of Changeable Message Signs, excessive use for the display of FHWA proposes to add a Guidance sentence of Support P17 regarding messages that are not related to real- statement specifying that changeable newer technologies of CMS and add time traffic conditions. message regulatory and warning signs reference to a new figure that provides displayed individually or as part of the a comparative example of the effects of 301. FHWA proposes a new Section legend of a larger sign should conform varying pixel densities. 2L.07 titled, ‘‘Travel Time Messages.’’ In FHWA also proposes to revise to the minimum size requirements as this new Section, FHWA proposes a Guidance P18 to recommend where an the static versions of those signs. FHWA Guidance paragraph limiting the LED matrix is used to form the also proposes to add a Figure number of travel times displayed to one changeable legend, signs with pixel illustrating an example. FHWA when destination and distance are used spacing greater than 20mm should proposes this change to ensure that all as the point of reference, also proposing display only word legends, and no components of a sign legend’s legibility an Option to display up to two travel symbols or route shields. FHWA are maintained for all road users. times when reference-location-based proposes this change based on a review 298. FHWA proposes to change the exit numbering is used as the point of of manufacturer products and visual title of existing Section 2L.04 to ‘‘Design reference in place of destination and inspections of the appearance of legends Characteristics of Messages,’’ to describe distance. FHWA proposes this new on these types of signs, which indicate better the content of the section. Section based on the established that these signs do not provide adequate FHWA proposes to add a new principles regarding informational load resolution to display symbols with Standard paragraph requiring portable sufficient clarity for road user instant and the road user’s ability to process CMS used as an arrow board with recognition and therefore should only information while operating a vehicle in flashing or sequential display for a lane be use for word messages. traffic. closure to conform with provisions in 299. In Section 2L.05 Message Length 302. FHWA proposes a new section Section 6F.61. FHWA proposes this and Units of Information, FHWA numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 2L.08 change for consistency of device proposes to revise Standard P4 to clarify Traffic Safety Campaign Messages.’’ In operation used for the same application, that when a CMS contains more than this new section, FHWA proposes because a CMS used in this manner is one message phase, each phase shall be Support, Guidance, and Standard operating as an arrow board, which is communicated so that the road user may paragraphs describing the display of allowed to have dynamic display. understand each phase by itself traffic safety campaign messages as an FHWA proposes to add a new regardless of the sequence in which it is ancillary use of CMS. FHWA proposes Standard paragraph requiring all read, and the message shall have the a Guidance paragraph recommending message displays on CMS, whether for same meaning regardless of the that traffic safety campaign messages be regulatory, warning, or guidance sequence it is read. FHWA proposes this coordinated with the national safety information on traffic operations, or for change, because it is important that road campaigns on NHTSA’s other allowable message types as users be able to understand the intent of communications calendar. Lastly, defined in the section, follow the same the message if they can only read one FHWA proposes a Standard paragraph design and display principles found in of the phases or when the phases are that requires traffic control messages to the MUTCD used for other traffic read in different order. have primacy over traffic safety control signs, except as provided FHWA proposes to delete Standard P5 campaign messages. FHWA proposes elsewhere in this chapter. FHWA since the text is already covered in this new Section to ensure that CMS be proposes this Standard to promote Section 2L.04. used only for their intended purpose uniformity in the display of CMS and FHWA proposes to change Guidance and that traffic-related messages take maintaining its effectiveness as a traffic P8 to an Option to clarify that adding control device. precedence over other types of additional CMS is an option available to allowable messages. FHWA also proposes to provide agencies for displaying longer messages Guidance that warning beacons should that would require more than two 303. In Section 2L.09 (existing Section not be used on CMS for the purpose of phases, which is the most number of 2L.06) retitled, ‘‘Location of Permanent drawing attention to certain types of phases allowed on a CMS. Changeable Message Signs,’’ FHWA messages over others, but instead FHWA proposes to change and proposes to add a Support paragraph should be limited to those messages that relocate Guidance P9 regarding that provides reference to factors that are critical to real-time conditions on a abbreviations within a CMS message to should be considered when deciding on more frequent basis. FHWA proposes a Standard. FHWA proposes this change proposed locations for CMS. FHWA this provision to ensure that CMS because the provisions contained in the proposes this change as proper location maintain the same level of respect of referenced Section are Standards. of signs helps ensure that message road users expected of all traffic control FHWA also proposes to add a Support recognition, comprehension, and devices at all times, regardless of paragraph that provides reference to two sufficient reaction time is maintained message being displayed. proposed new tables that list examples for all road users.

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Discussion of Proposed Amendments to 309. In Section 2M.09 Destination revise Standard P2 to clarify that signs Chapter 2M Recreational and Cultural Guide Signs, FHWA proposes to change normally in place that conflict with Interest Area Signs the Guidance paragraph regarding the Emergency Management signs shall be 304. In Section 2M.02 Application of shape and colors of destination guide removed or covered until such time as Recreational and Cultural Interest Area signs to a Standard and limit the shape the Emergency Management signs are no Signs, FHWA proposes to add a new of Supplemental Guide signs to longer necessary. FHWA proposes to Standard paragraph requiring that rectangular with an Option to use a expand the Standard to indicate that standard symbols prescribed outside of trapezoidal shape sign on conventional except for Evacuation Route signs, this section within the Manual that are roadways. In concert with this change, Emergency Management signs that are FHWA also proposes to add a Standard no longer necessitated by the emergency used on a roadway outside of a describing the required shape of the shall be promptly removed and signs recreational and cultural interest area trapezoidal sign when used with a that normally provide guidance, shall use the design and size as directional arrow. FHWA proposes warning, or regulation that were prescribed. FHWA proposes this change these changes to eliminate a conflict removed or covered during the to clarify existing standards that with existing standards that define the emergency shall be promptly displayed prohibit the use of alternative symbol exclusive uses of sign shapes in Chapter again. FHWA proposes these changes to signs. The legend and color of the sign 2A and does not result in a new provide clarity in the appropriate use of shall be as prescribed for the standard requirement. Emergency Management signs. symbol sign. In concert with that 310. In Section 2M.10 Memorial or FHWA also proposes to change change, FHWA proposes to add a table, Dedication Signing, FHWA proposes to Standard P3 to a Support statement referenced in the Support statement, delete the Option language related to the regarding the Federal Government that indicates which symbols are for use installation of memorial or dedication providing guidance to the States as only within recreational and cultural signing along the mainline if installation necessitated by changing circumstances interest area facilities. off the main roadway is not practical. because it is outside the scope of the 305. In Section 2M.04 General Design FHWA proposes this change because an MUTCD to make such a requirement Requirements for Recreational and Option is not needed for deviation from that does not involve traffic control Cultural Interest Area Symbol Guide a Guidance paragraph based on devices. Signs, FHWA proposes to add two new engineering judgment and the 313. In Section 2N.03, retitled, Standard statements requiring that provisions for locating such signs on the ‘‘Evacuation Route Signs (EM1 Series),’’ symbols contained in Chapters 2H and highway are provided in the existing FHWA proposes to delete certain design 2I used in conjunction with recreational Standard provision. information provided in Standard P1 and cultural interest area signing on FHWA also proposes to revise and because the design is standardized and roadways outside a recreational and expand the existing Guidance statement must comply with the existing cultural interest facility shall have the and change an existing Option to provisions of Chapter 2A. legend and background color of the Guidance regarding the design of FHWA proposes to relocate Option symbol sign as prescribed in those memorial or dedication signs. FHWA text regarding Advance Turn and respective chapters. FHWA proposes also proposes to add a Guidance Directional Arrow auxiliary plaques to this change as a clarification that the paragraph referencing Section 2A.03 for Standard P3. The new Standard text standard colors for General Information locating memorial or dedication signs to would require that Advance Turn and and General Service signs are applicable ensure adequate visibility of higher Directional Arrow auxiliary signs have a even when located with a recreational priority signs. white arrow and border on a blue or cultural interest area destination and Finally, FHWA proposes to add a new background when used with EM1–2 that brown as a sign background color Standard prohibiting memorial or series signs to provide consistency with applies only to recreational and cultural dedication signs from displaying a similar provisions of Chapter 2D, which interest destinations or activities. legend that implies that the highway has requires the colors of auxiliary plaques 306. In Section 2M.06 Use of been officially renamed. FHWA to be consistent with the route sign in Educational Plaques, FHWA proposes to proposes this change to ensure positive a directional assembly. delete the Guidance recommending that guidance, consistency, and FHWA also proposes to delete the the educational plaque remain in place minimization of confusion in the Option permitting the use of an for at least 3 years after the initial information displayed to road users approved Emergency Management installation. FHWA proposes this along a particular route. symbol near the bottom of an deletion to provide agencies with Evacuation Route sign because the Civil greater flexibility and for consistency Discussion of Proposed Amendments to Defense pictograph is no longer used in with similar provisions elsewhere in the Chapter 2N Emergency Management emergency management applications. MUTCD. Signs FHWA also proposes to change the 307. In Section 2M.07, retitled, ‘‘Use 311. In Chapter 2N, retitled, Standard statement to a Guidance of Prohibitive Circle and Diagonal for ‘‘Emergency Management Signs,’’ statement regarding placement of the Non-Road Applications,’’ FHWA FHWA proposes to revise the Evacuation Route sign in advance of an proposes to revise Standard P1 to designations of all standard signs to approved evacuation route. provide reference to the existing conform to the dual-numbering Finally, FHWA proposes to add a requirements of Chapter 2A to ensure convention used throughout the rest of Guidance statement recommending the consistency in sign design. the MUTCD. For example, EM–1 would use of the specific Evacuation Route 308. In Section 2M.08 Placement of be redesignated EM1–1. This change (EM1–2 series) be limited to areas where Recreational and Cultural Interest Area would result in each Section’s title different evacuation conditions use Symbol Signs, FHWA proposes to delete reflecting a revised sign numbering different evacuation routes to minimize Option P3 regarding the placement of convention. unnecessary use of additional sign the symbol on the Wildlife Viewing 312. In Section 2N.02, retitled, legends and associated auxiliary Area sign. FHWA proposes this deletion ‘‘Design and Use of Emergency plaques instead of the general to ensure consistency in sign designs. Management Signs,’’ FHWA proposes to Evacuation Route (EM1–1) sign.

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314. In Section 2N.04, retitled, ‘‘Area to Chapter 3F (existing Chapter 3E) Discussion of Proposed Amendments Closed Sign (EM2–1),’’ FHWA proposes Markings for Toll Plazas and Chapter 3H Within Chapter 3B to change the Standard to a Guidance to (existing Chapter 3G) Colored Pavement 321. In Section 3B.01, retitled, recommend, rather than require, the and retain a reference to those locations. ‘‘Yellow Center Line Pavement provisions related to AREA CLOSED In addition, FHWA proposes to Markings,’’ FHWA proposes revising P6 change existing P7 from Option to sign placement, to provide agencies to specify that reversible lanes and two- Standard since markings that simulate with flexibility. way left turn lanes are exceptions to the 315. In Section 2N.05, retitled, official route signs, when used, shall requirement for two normal solid yellow ‘‘Traffic Control Point Sign (EM2–2),’’ have the same colors as those used for lines for undivided roadways with four FHWA proposes to change the usage the signs. FHWA proposes this change or more lanes. The proposed provisions provisions of the first three paragraphs to ensure uniformity in the application explicitly state exceptions that are in the Standard statement to Guidance that aids in recognition of the message. currently implied in existing Section to provide agencies with greater 320. In Section 3A.04 (existing 3B.03. flexibility. FHWA also proposes to Section 3A.06) Functions, Widths, and 322. FHWA proposes a new section delete the Standard describing the Patterns of Longitudinal Pavement numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 3B.02 design of the TRAFFIC CONTROL Markings, FHWA proposes to add Item Warrants for Yellow Center Lines’’ POINT sign, because the design is E to the list of general functions of comprised of existing P9 through P13 standardized. longitudinal lines to clarify the functions of dotted lane lines and dotted from existing Section 3B.01. FHWA Discussion of Proposed Amendments to lines used as a lane line or edge line proposes this change to make it easier Part 3—Pavement Markings extensions. to locate the warrant information. Discussion of Proposed Amendments In the list of widths and patterns of 323. In Section 3B.03 (existing Within Part 3—General longitudinal lines, FHWA proposes to Section 3B.02), retitled, ‘‘No-Passing indicate that 6-inch wide lines are to be Zone Pavement Markings,’’ FHWA 316. FHWA proposes to reorganize proposes to change the second and third Part 3 to improve the continuity and used for freeways, expressways, and ramps as well as for all other roadways sentences in existing P4 from Standard flow of information regarding the to Support because they contain design application of markings in the MUTCD with speed limits greater than 40 mph and that 4- to 6-inch wide lines are to information and not traffic control by relocating various paragraphs and device requirements and are supported sections throughout the part, dividing be used for all other roadways. FHWA 53 proposes this change to improve by an NCHRP research report. long sections into several sections each FHWA also proposes to change visibility and consistency on ‘‘high having a clearly understandable title existing P9 from Option to Support speed’’ facilities and based on research and function, and creating a new because no-passing zone signing showing improved machine vision Chapter 3C Crosswalks to compile information is contained in Part 2. detectability.51 52 information across multiple chapters In addition, FHWA proposes deleting FHWA also proposes to change the into one location. The proposed existing P14–P16 since they are definition of a wide line to at least 8 reorganization is reflected in the redundant with existing provisions inches in width if 4-inch or 5-inch descriptions below. contained in Section 3B.12 (existing normal lines are used, and at least 10 Section 3B.09). Discussion of Proposed Amendments inches in width if 6-inch normal lines 324. FHWA proposes to separate Within Chapter 3A are used. This change is proposed to existing Section 3B.03 into two new clarify the definition based on varying 317. In Section 3A.01 (existing sections, titled, ‘‘Section 3B.04 Yellow practices for ‘‘normal’’ width lines and Section 3A.02) Standardization of Pavement Markings for Reversible to reduce the impact on agencies that Application, FHWA proposes to relocate Lanes’’ and ‘‘Section 3J.03 Islands use 6 inch lines as their ‘‘normal’’ existing P2 to Part 1 to make this Designated by Pavement Markings’’ to width. provision applicable to all traffic control separate the content for islands into the Also, FHWA proposes to expand the devices. FHWA proposes this change chapter devoted to marking and because all traffic control devices, not definition for a double line to clarify delineation of islands. that the pavement surface must be just markings, should be in place prior 325. FHWA proposes a new section visible between the lines except when to the opening of any new highway or numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 3B.05 contrast markings are used based on private road open to public travel. Pavement Markings for Two-Way Left- 318. In Section 3A.02 (existing FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 3(09)-41(I). Turn Lanes’’ containing P3 through P5 Section 3A.04) Materials, FHWA In addition, FHWA proposes to add a from existing Section 3B.03 and P28 proposes changing existing P2 from new Guidance statement regarding the through P30 from existing Section Support to Option because the use of width of the discernible space separating the parallel lines of a double 3B.20. clumps or droplets of material is FHWA also proposes to add a new line so that they can be recognized as a permissible and the statement is more Guidance paragraph to discourage double line rather than two, separate appropriate as an Option. extending two-way left-turn lane FHWA also proposes to relocate disassociated single lines. markings to intersections and proposes existing P5 to Section 3G.04 (existing to add a Support statement indicating Section 3F.04) because it describes 51 ATSSA Report, ‘‘Evaluation of the Effects of that two-way left turn lanes can be delineator placement. Pavement Marking Width on Detectability by 319. In Section 3A.03 (existing Machine Vision: 4-Inch vs 6-Inch Markings’’ 2018 transitioned to exclusive left turn lanes. can be viewed at the following internet website: Section 3A.05) Colors, FHWA proposes FHWA proposes to modify Figure 3B–7 https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.atssa.com/ to correspond to the new to clarify that the use of black markings Communications/Booklet_2018PMForMV4vs6in_ is an Option that can be used to enhance FinalReport.pdf. recommendations. FHWA proposes this the contrast of markings on a light- 52 NCHRP 20–106(6) Report in Progress ‘‘Road Markings for Machine Vision’’ 2019 can be viewed 53 NCHRP Report 605, ‘‘Passing Sight Distance colored pavement. at the following internet website: https:// Criteria’’ 2008, can be viewed at the following FHWA also proposes to relocate apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp? internet website: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/ information regarding purple markings ProjectID=4004. onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_605.pdf.

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change to improve intersection safety by 328. In Section 3B.08 (existing and the application can be determined minimizing conflict between Section 3B.05), retitled, ‘‘Channelizing using engineering judgment. corresponding left-turn movements. Lines,’’ FHWA proposes to change FHWA also proposes to relocate to 326. In Section 3B.06 (existing existing P2 from Option to Support this section an existing Standard Section 3B.04), retitled, ‘‘White Lane because the information about requiring that extensions of center lines Line Pavement Markings,’’ FHWA channelizing lines provides general through intersections, if used, shall be proposes to expand existing P25 by information and does not provide an dotted lines. This Standard is an changing existing P26 from Option to option. existing requirement contained only in Guidance to recommend, rather than FHWA also proposes to add two new a Note on existing Figure 3B–13 (D) just allow, solid white lane lines on Standard paragraphs requiring Examples of Lane Extensions through approaches to intersections to separate channelizing lines on both sides of the Intersections. This Note is proposed for adjacent mandatory turn lanes, and to neutral area for bifurcations created deletion from the figure to avoid add a recommended use of solid white from open-road tolling lanes that bypass duplication. lane lines at toll collection points to a conventional toll plaza and on both FHWA proposes to relocate P2 from separate toll lanes, payment methods, sides of the neutral area formed at Section 3B.09 (existing Section 3B.06) channelized movements, or access and egress points to and from a and change from Standard to Guidance obstructions. managed-lane facility. FHWA proposes for restricting the use of edge line FHWA also proposes to add an this change to guide road users around extensions through intersections. FHWA Option paragraph allowing solid white the neutral area either to general also proposes to relocate and revise P5 lane lines to separate contiguous purpose lanes or the tolling and/or from Section 3B.09 (existing Section through traffic lanes on an approach to managed lanes. 3B.06) for maintaining edge lines at an intersection, to separate through In addition, FHWA also proposes to driveways that do not meet the traffic lanes from auxiliary lanes, and on modify existing P3 to change definition of an intersection. FHWA approaches to crosswalks across multi- ‘‘channelizing lines’’ to ‘‘neutral area’’ proposes the relocations to consolidate lane roadways, reflecting a common regarding the requirement that other provisions regarding markings through current practice. markings in the area be white. In intersections. In addition, FHWA proposes to add addition, FHWA proposes a new Also, FHWA proposes to modify new Option and Support paragraphs for Support listing chevron markings, Standard P6 to provide an exception to providing curved transitions where an retroreflective raised pavement markers, allow solid lines to extend edge lines edge line, channelizing line, or dotted and internally illuminated raised through intersections or major driveway extension line changes direction. FHWA pavement markers as items within the when there is no intersecting approach. proposes this change based on the neutral area, with section references. FHWA proposes this change based on recognition that many agencies 329. In Section 3B.09 (existing feedback from designers so markings currently use curved, rather than Section 3B.06), FHWA proposes to add will send intended effect and not angular, transitions for changes in a Guidance recommending that edge communicate a conflict where none direction. lines on two-lane roadways should be at exists, and to provide additional user 327. FHWA proposes a new section least 6 inches wide, regardless of the flexibility for situations like the top of numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 3B.07 width of the normal line used on the a T-intersection when the prohibition of White Lane Line Markings for Non- roadway. FHWA proposes to modify solid lines through the intersection is Continuing Lanes’’ consisting of P6– existing P2 from Standard to Guidance not applicable. P19, and P23 of existing Section 3B.04. to recommend against, instead of In addition, FHWA proposes to add a FHWA proposes to revise existing prohibit, the use of edge line markings new Guidance paragraph recommending Standard P13 to add a new Item C through intersections or major that solid lines not be used to extend requiring a wide dotted white lane line driveways. FHWA proposes this change edge lines into or through intersections in advance of freeway route splits with to provide additional practitioner or major driveways except through that an option lane. FHWA proposes this flexibility. part of the intersection with no change to provide consistency with FHWA also proposes to add intersecting approach (such as at the top existing requirements for similar exceptions for dotted edge line of a T-intersection). FHWA proposes situations in which traffic in one of the extensions and the part of the this change to provide drivers a visual lanes must depart from the main route. intersection with no intersection cue of side street traffic. In concert with this change, FHWA approach (such as the top of a T- Further, FHWA proposes to delete proposes to add Drawing E showing an intersection) since these are locations existing Guidance P8 because the example of a route split with option where edge lines are commonly used in information is related to design and not lane to Figure 3B–10 Examples of practice. traffic control device uniformity. 331. In Section 3B.12 (existing Applications of Freeway and 330. In Section 3B.11 (existing Section 3B.09), retitled, ‘‘Lane- Expressway Lane-Drop Markings. Section 3B.08), retitled, ‘‘Application of FHWA also proposes to change two Pavement Markings Through Reduction Transitions,’’ FHWA Options to Standards requiring dotted Intersections or Interchanges,’’ FHWA proposes to revise the Standard P3 to white line extensions for deceleration proposes to change part of P1 requiring state the criteria for lane-reduction lanes at exit ramps and for acceleration that pavement markings extended into transitions more clearly, rather than lanes at entrance ramps based on or continued through an intersection or referring to the Figure, which contains recommendations from the National interchange be the same width from elements that are required, Committee on Uniform Traffic Control Standard to Guidance. FHWA proposes recommended, and optional. FHWA also proposes to add a new Devices’ (NCUTCD) CAV Task Force this change because the combination of Guidance paragraph and list for and NCHRP 20–102(06).54 the provision with the existing Option in P2 is more appropriate as Guidance recommended markings for lane- reduction transitions, comprising 54 NCHRP 20–106(6) Report in Progress ‘‘Road Markings for Machine Vision’’ 2019 can be viewed apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/ information throughout the Section and at the following internet website: https:// TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=4004. contained in existing Figure 3B–14.

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FHWA also proposes to delete all the device that requires vehicles to Yield FHWA also proposes to add a new notes in Figure 3B–14 and retitle it to when installing a yield line. This Option paragraph allowing the use of a ‘‘Examples of Applications of Lane change clarifies ambiguity in the pedestrian symbol pavement marking Reduction Transitions.’’ previous Option statement that the that may be used on portions of In addition, FHWA proposes to add a pavement marking cannot be installed facilities such as shared-use paths that new Option paragraph permitting the without an enforceable regulatory sign. are reserved exclusively for pedestrian minimum taper length to be less than FHWA also proposes a new Support use. 100 feet on roadways where operating paragraph to provide a reference to 340. In Section 3B.25 (existing speed is less than 25 mph based on Section 9B.12 regarding a sign signing Section 3B.24), retitled, ‘‘Chevron and common practice and to provide applicable to bicycles also subject to a Diagonal Markings,’’ FHWA proposes to practitioner flexibility on low speed yielding requirement at a crosswalk. delete the term ‘‘crosshatch’’ and roadways. 337. In Section 3B.20, retitled, ‘‘Word, instead just use the words ‘‘chevron’’ 332. In Section 3B.13 (existing Symbol, and Arrow Pavement and ‘‘diagonal’’ to describe the marking Section 3B.10), Approach Markings for Markings—General,’’ FHWA proposes to better and provide more situations Obstructions, FHWA proposes to add a add a new Option paragraph allowing where each can be used. new Option paragraph allowing the pavement words, symbols, and arrows FHWA also proposes to change the minimum taper length to be less than to be reduced in size no less than 1⁄4 existing Option paragraph into separate 100 feet on site roadways open to public size, but in relative proportion to the Guidance paragraphs for chevron and travel where the operating speed is less associated full-size word, symbol, or diagonal markings to recommend the than 25 mph based on engineering arrow on roadways where the operating intended applications for each. FHWA judgment to provide practitioner speed is less than 25 mph to provide based this on the NCUTCD CAV Task flexibility on low speed roadways. practitioner flexibility on low speed Force and Automated Driving Systems 333. In Section 3B.17 (existing roadways. Task Force joint recommendations that Section 3B.14) Raised Pavement FHWA also proposes to delete were approved by the Markings Markers Substituting for Pavement existing Standard P3 because it not Technical Committee in June 2019. Markings, FHWA proposes to upgrade needed to explain that word, symbol, In addition, FHWA proposes to add a existing Guidance P8 from existing and arrow markings shall be white, new Guidance paragraph recommending Section 3B.11 to a Standard and relocate except as otherwise provided. white markings for diagonal markings it to Section 3B.17, to require that non- 338. In new Section 3B.21 titled, used in on-street no-parking zones and retroreflective raised pavement markers ‘‘Word Pavement Markings’’ that is a new Option to allow lines used for shall not be used alone, without comprised of P5, P7, P14, P15, P26, P32, diagonal markings in no-parking zones supplemental retroreflective or and P33 from existing Section 3B.20, to be 4 inches wide. internally illuminated markers, as a FHWA proposes to delete the existing Further, FHWA proposes to modify a substitute for other types of pavement Standard P14 that allows the word Guidance paragraph to recommend that markings due to lack of retroreflectivity STOP to be used in conjunction with a the lines used for chevron and diagonal and difficulty for machine vision stop line but does not require a STOP markings to be at least 4 inches wide on systems. sign. FHWA proposes this change roadways where the operating speed is 334. FHWA proposes to delete because the MUTCD explicitly does not less than 25 mph to provide practitioner existing Section 3B.15 Transverse apply to driving aisles within parking flexibility on low speed roadways. Markings because transverse markings areas per Section 1A, and a STOP sign 341. In Section 3B.27 (existing are already defined in Part 1 and the is required with a stop line for all Section 3B.19) Parking Space Markings, section does not provide information situations that are covered by the FHWA proposes to revise the Standard related to the application or operation of MUTCD. by adding the phrase ‘‘on-street’’ to traffic control devices. Also, FHWA proposes to revise describe the parking space markings 335. In Section 3B.18 (existing existing Guidance P5 to note that the that shall be white. FHWA proposes this Section 3B.23), retitled, ‘‘Curb Markings bicycle detector symbol is not intended change to clarify that off-street parking for Parking Regulations,’’ FHWA to be 6 feet or more in height. space markings, such as those used in proposes to change P2 related to curb In addition, FHWA proposes to delete shopping center parking lots, are not markings for parking regulations from the second sentence of existing governed by the MUTCD as provided in Standard to Guidance to allow paragraph 26 since this is related to Item C of Paragraph 3 in the existing engineering judgment to determine if traffic control design and not uniformity Introduction. signs should be provided based on site of the application. 342. FHWA proposes to delete conditions. FHWA also proposes to add a new FHWA also proposes to change P6 existing Section 3B.21 Speed Option paragraph allowing the ONLY Measurement Markings because they are from Support to Guidance because word marking to be used or to yellow and white curb markings used not traffic control devices. In concert supplement a preferential lane work or with this change, FHWA proposes to frequently for curb delineation and symbol marking based on common visibility of parking regulations should remove the optional speed measurement practices. marking shown on Figure 3B–10, be established through the installation 339. In new Section 3B.22 titled, of standard signs and the provision is ‘‘Examples of Applications of Freeway ‘‘Symbol Pavement Markings’’ that is and Expressway Lane-Drop Markings.’’ more appropriate as a recommendation. comprised of P12, P16, P17, P18, and 336. In Section 3B.19 (existing 343. In Section 3B.28 (existing P19 from existing Section 3B.20, FHWA Section 3B.22) Speed Reduction Section 3B.16), Stop and Yield Lines, proposes two Guidance statements FHWA proposes to change existing P3 Markings, FHWA proposes to change related to the use of route shield the second sentence in P3 from from Option to Standard to require, markings in option lanes based on a TTI rather than just allow, a Yield (R1–2) 55 study. Symbols at Freeway Interchanges’’ 2009, can be sign, Yield Here to Pedestrians (R1–5 or viewed at the following internet website: https:// R1–5a), or Bikes Yield to Pedestrians 55 TTI Report FHWA/TX–10/0–5890–1 static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-5890- (R9–6) sign, or some other traffic control ‘‘Guidelines for the Use of Pavement Marking 1.pdf.

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Standard to Guidance regarding crosswalk markings at non-intersection visibility by parking prohibitions on the longitudinal spacing between speed locations. approach to marked crosswalks. reduction markings. FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes to add a new In addition, FHWA proposes changing this change to allow engineering Standard paragraph requiring that P17 from a Guidance to Standard judgment to determine the longitudinal paving materials used to function as requiring, rather than recommending, pattern of the markings based on the site transverse lines to establish a marked crosswalk markings to be located so that conditions. crosswalk shall be white and the curb ramps are within the extension 344. In Section 3B.29 (existing retroreflective. FHWA also proposes of the crosswalk markings, where curb Section 3B.25) Speed Hump Markings, that the paving materials be required to ramps are provided. FHWA proposes FHWA proposes to add a new Option use a white additive in the mixture to this change to accommodate users with paragraph allowing discontinuing center produce a white surface. FHWA visual disabilities better. line markings, lane line markings, and proposes this change to improve target Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a new edge line markings on the profile of the value and visibility of the crosswalk for Guidance paragraph recommending that speed hump. pedestrian safety and to fulfill the transverse crosswalk markings extend FHWA also proposes to add a new retroreflectivity requirement for traffic the full width of the pavement or edge Standard paragraph requiring installing control devices, when paving materials, of intersecting crosswalk to discourage crosswalk markings when a speed hump instead of pavement markings, are used diagonal crossing between crosswalks. specifically incorporates a crossing to define the marked crosswalk. FHWA proposes these changes to movement for pedestrians, bicycles, or 347. FHWA proposes to add a new provide consistency in crosswalk equestrians. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section applications. 345. FHWA proposes adding a new 3C.02 Applications of Crosswalk 349. FHWA proposes to add a new section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Markings,’’ containing P7–P10 of section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 3B.31 Markings for Diamond existing Section 3B.18. FHWA proposes 3C.04 Basic Crosswalks,’’ with new Interchange with Transposed Alignment to modify Guidance P8 regarding Support and Option paragraphs to provide information about basic Crossroad’’ which contains Standards, criteria for engineering studies for crosswalks, which are comprised of two Guidance, and Support for markings crosswalk across uncontrolled roadways parallel transverse lines. FHWA also used at these types of interchanges. to include pedestrian ages, and to proposes to provide a new Figure 3C– FHWA proposes to add this information change ‘‘posted or statutory speed limit’’ 56 to ‘‘speed limit or the 85th-percentile 1 illustrating basic crosswalks. based on an FHWA research study 350. FHWA proposes to add a new that has shown that there is potential for speed.’’ FHWA also proposes to revise section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section wrong-way movements, especially at the Guidance P9 to discourage the 3C.05 High-Visibility Crosswalks,’’ to crossing points, at these unconventional installation of crosswalks across provide Support, Option, Standard, and interchanges. The new information uncontrolled roadways at locations with Guidance paragraphs about the various contains proposed Standards for edge posted speed limits 40 mph or greater types of high-visibility crosswalks lines, lane use arrows, and wrong-way and locations where there is a crash including longitudinal bar, arrows as well as a restriction for flush threat due to multiple lane crossings or perpendicular, and double-paired median islands. The section also limited sight distance. FHWA proposes designs. FHWA proposes this section to contains proposed Guidance this change to reduce pedestrian crash provide agencies with three standard recommending edge and lane line potential and based on an FHWA alternatives to improve crosswalk extensions through the crossing points study.57 visibility when desired consistent with and a Support paragraph referencing 348. FHWA proposes to add a new an FHWA research study.58 FHWA also crosswalk and pedestrian movement section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section proposes to illustrate these crosswalk information in Section 3C.11 and 9G.05. 3C.03 Design of Crosswalk Markings,’’ types in Figure 3C–2. FHWA also proposes to add Figure 3B– containing P4, P11, P12, and P17 of 351. FHWA proposes to add new 29 to illustrate an example of markings existing Section 3B.18. FHWA also sections numbered and titled, ‘‘Section at this type of interchange. proposes to add new Standard 3C.06 Longitudinal Bar Crosswalks,’’ Discussion of Proposed Amendments paragraphs requiring a minimum width ‘‘Section 3C.07 Perpendicular Within New Chapter 3C of 6 feet for marked crosswalks and a Crosswalks,’’ and ‘‘Section 3C.08 minimum width of 8 feet for crosswalks Longitudinal Bar Pair Crosswalks,’’ to 346. In Section 3C.01 (existing at non-intersections and where the provide provisions related to the design Section 3B.18), retitled, ‘‘General,’’ posted speed limit is 40 mph or greater. and spacing for the three new types of FHWA proposes to change a Support FHWA proposes this change to improve high-visibility crosswalks. statement to a Standard paragraph the visibility and recognition of 352. FHWA proposes to create a new requiring crosswalk markings at non- pedestrian crosswalks. Section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section intersection crossing locations to FHWA also proposes to modify 3C.10 Crosswalks for Exclusive improve safety for pedestrians at Guidance P11 to recommend using Pedestrian Phases that Permit Diagonal locations where vehicles may not expect high-visibility crosswalk markings at Crossings,’’ for crosswalks for exclusive pedestrian crossings. The previous marked crosswalks at non-intersection pedestrian phases that permit diagonal Support required crosswalk markings to locations to reduce pedestrian crash crossing, containing P16 of existing mark the crosswalk legally at non- potential. FHWA further proposes to Section 3B.18. FHWA also proposes to intersection locations. FHWA proposes reduce the second Guidance sentence in add a new Guidance paragraph to revise this Support into a Standard to P11 to an Option regarding improving recommending that the segments of the identify clearly the requirements of crosswalk markings that facilitate the 57 FHWA Report FHWA–HRT–04–100 ‘‘Safety 56 ‘‘Alternative Intersections/Interchanges: Effects of Marked versus Unmarked Crosswalks at 58 ‘‘Crosswalk Marking Field Visibility Study’’ Informational Report (AIIR)’’ FHWA–HRT–06–090, Uncontrolled Locations’’ 2005 can be viewed at the FHWA–HRT–10–068, November 2010, can be April 2009, can be viewed at the following internet following internet website: https:// viewed at the following internet website: http:// website: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/ www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/ www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/ research/safety/09060/. 04100/. pedbike/10068/index.cfm.

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diagonal crossing should not use high- multi-line roundabouts. For single-lane FHWA also proposes to add a new visibility crosswalk markings since roundabouts, the Option remains to Guidance paragraph recommending that diagonal crossings are typically allow a yield line on the entry before buffer space for a conventional road permitted only when all vehicular entering the roundabout. should be designed so that it is not movements are stopped at a signalized 358. FHWA proposes to add a new misinterpreted as a bicycle lane or other intersection and because high-visibility section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section type of lane. diagonal markings through the 3D.06 Arrow Pavement Markings for In addition, FHWA proposes to add intersection could be confusing to Roundabouts’’ containing revisions to new Figure 3E–4 to illustrate an turning vehicles. P1 and P4–P6 from existing Section example of pavement markings used for 353. FHWA proposes to add a new 3C.06. FHWA proposes new Guidance counter-flow preferential lanes on section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section paragraphs to recommend not using divided highways. 3C.11 Crosswalks at Diamond lane-use arrows on single-lane 361. In Section 3E.03 (existing Section Interchanges with a Transposed approaches to circular intersections. 3D.01) Preferential Lane Word and Alignment Crossroad’’ to provide FHWA also proposes to add Guidance Symbol Markings, FHWA proposes to Support, Guidance, and Option for two-lane approaches to circular change existing P3 regarding intersections and for approaches with paragraphs regarding pedestrian preferential lane longitudinal markings, dual left or dual right turns. FHWA movements through these word, and symbol markings at the proposes these changes to improve unconventional interchanges. FHWA downstream end of the lane from consistency in the application of lane- proposes this new section based on Standard to Guidance to provide use arrows at circular intersections information contained in a research agencies the flexibility to determine the 59 based on an NCHRP study.61 study that found that pedestrian ideal location based on site conditions. movements require special In addition, FHWA proposes to add a new Standard paragraph prohibiting FHWA also proposes to revise considerations to avoid violating driver Standard P6 and combine with P2 and expectancy or disorienting pedestrians. lane-use arrow pavement markings between a crosswalk and wide dotted remove Item C. Bicycle Lane since FHWA proposes to add a new Figure preferential lanes for bicycles are 3C–3 to illustrate locations of pedestrian line(s) entering the circular roadway. FHWA proposes this change because covered in Part 9 and no longer apply crossings at diamond interchanges with in this Chapter and Section. FHWA also a transposed alignment crossroad. road users need adequate advance notification of the permitted movements proposes to add BUS STOP and TAXI Discussion of Proposed Amendments within each lane and this area of the STAND as required word markings for Within Chapter 3D (Existing Chapter approach is often obscured by stopped their respective uses in preferential 3C) vehicles. lanes based on common practices. 354. FHWA proposes to retitle Further, FHWA proposes to change In addition, FHWA proposes to Chapter 3D (existing Chapter 3C) to the Option P6 to Guidance to change P7 regarding preferential lanes ‘‘Circular Intersection Markings’’ recommend, rather than just allow, lane- with two or more permitted uses in the because the provisions apply to a use arrows on the roundabout same lane from Standard to Guidance to variety of circular intersections, not just approaches to match the type of arrows remove the requirement for providing roundabouts. (normal or elongated) used on the both symbols or words and instead 355. In Section 3D.01 (existing corresponding regulatory lane-use signs, allow engineering judgment to prioritize Section 3C.01) General, FHWA proposes to improve consistency between signing and select either symbols or word to modify Guidance P3 to recommend and markings for better driver markings, or both. that markings should supplement signs comprehension. Lastly, FHWA proposes new Standard to help road users select the proper lane Discussion of Proposed Amendments and Support paragraphs restricting the in the approach to the circular roadway Within Chapter 3E (Existing Chapter 3D) use of word or symbol markings to avoid changing lanes through the denoting motorcycle and Inherently 359. FHWA proposes to revise the Low Emission Vehicles (ILEV). FHWA departure of the circular roadway based title of Chapter 3E (existing Chapter 3D) 60 proposes this change because on an NCHRP Report. to ‘‘Preferential Lane Markings for 356. In Section 3D.02 (existing motorcycle and ILEV vehicle use is Motor Vehicles’’ to exclude bicycles and communicated using regulatory signing Section 3C.02) White Lane Line move all bicycle lane information to to complement high occupancy vehicle Pavement Markings for Roundabouts, Part 9. regulations and simplifies enforcement FHWA proposes two new Option 360. In Section 3E.02 (existing Section functions. paragraphs related to longer lane lines 3D.02), retitled, ‘‘Longitudinal and striped buffer spaces to help Markings,’’ FHWA proposes to revise P3 362. FHWA proposes to add a new vehicles navigate the roundabout. to reference Table 3E–1 (existing Table section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 357. In Section 3D.04 (existing 3D–1), create a new Table 3E–2 3E.04 Markings for Part-Time Travel on Section 3C.04) Yield Lines for Standard Edge and Center Line a Shoulder’’ to provide Standard, Roundabouts, FHWA proposes to Markings for Counter-Flow Preferential Guidance, Option, and Support upgrade part of existing Option P1 to a Lanes, revise P9 and P10 to reference paragraphs for situations where Standard to require that a yield line be new Table 3E–2, and remove redundant shoulders are designated for use during used on the entries before entering text. FHWA proposes to make these peak hour conditions to increase changes to clarify the preferential lane roadway capacity. FHWA proposes this 59 ‘‘Alternative Intersections/Interchanges: marking requirements and improve change based on a Transit Cooperative Informational Report (AIIR)’’ FHWA–HRT–09–060, Research Program Report 62 as well as to April 2010, can be viewed at the following internet readability. website: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/ address increasing needs of agencies to research/safety/09060/09060.pdf. 61 ‘‘Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, 60 ‘‘Roundabouts: An Informational Guide’’ Second Edition’’ NCHRP 672, 2010, can be viewed 62 ‘‘A Guide for Implementing Bus On Shoulder NCHRP Report 672, 2010 can be viewed at the at the following internet website: http:// (BOS) Systems’’ TCRP Report 151, 2012, can be following internet website: http://www.trb.org/ onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_ viewed at the following internet website: http:// Publications/Blurbs/164470.aspx. 672.pdf. www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/166878.aspx.

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add roadway capacity in constrained 367. FHWA proposes to add a new nonstandard designs on pedestrians urban areas. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section with low visual acuity or other vision FHWA also proposes to add a new 3H.03 Aesthetic Treatments in impairments, and the ability of machine Figures 3E–5 and 3E–6 to illustrate an Crosswalks,’’ with P2 and P6 from vision of autonomous vehicles to detect example of markings for part time travel existing Section 3G.01 and to add new accurately and react appropriately to the on a shoulder. Standard, Guidance, Option, and markings as a crosswalk or, if not Support paragraphs describing installed with a crosswalk, other type of Discussion of Proposed Amendments appropriate use of aesthetic treatments marking. Within Chapter 3F (Existing Chapter 3E) within crosswalks and to provide 368. FHWA proposes to add a new Through Chapter 3K (Existing Chapter examples of acceptable materials and section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 3J) patterns. FHWA also proposes to add a 3H.04 Yellow-Colored Pavement’’ to 363. FHWA proposes to add a new new Figure 3H–1 to illustrate examples include Standard paragraphs limiting section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section of acceptable materials for interior use of yellow-colored pavement to flush 3F.02 Longitudinal Markings’’ portions of crosswalks. FHWA proposes or raised median islands separating consisting of P5–P8 from existing these changes to reflect FHWA’s Official traffic flow in opposite directions, left- Section 3E.01. In this section, FHWA Ruling No. 3(09)–24(I),63 which was hand shoulders of divided highways, proposes to add two new Guidance issued in response to a trend by some and left-hand shoulders of one-way paragraphs recommending solid white agencies toward installing aesthetic streets or ramps. lane line markings to separate toll lanes, treatments on roadway pavement that FHWA also proposes to add Standard payment methods, or to channelize include bright colors, visually complex paragraphs restricting yellow-colored movements at toll plazas and that the graphics, images, or words. FHWA pavement from being incorporated into solid lines should begin at the upstream believes that this proposed section is reversible lanes, two-way left-turn lanes, end of the full-width toll lane and necessary because it is important that or channelizing islands where traffic continue to the toll plaza. these treatments not resemble or travels in the same general direction on In existing P6 from existing Section interfere with the uniform appearance of both sides to be consistent with other 3E.01, FHWA proposes to change part of traffic control devices, which could provisions—existing and proposed—in the Standard paragraph for maximum confuse and distract road users. the Manual. widths of purple solid longitudinal FHWA’s longstanding position is that In addition, FHWA proposes to add markings to Guidance to provide these treatments, which are intended to an Option paragraph to indicate where additional practitioner flexibility. draw the attention of the road user, can yellow-colored pavement may be 364. In Section 3G.03 (existing distract from the task of operating a applied along a roadway. Further, FHWA proposes to add a Section 3F.03), retitled, ‘‘Application,’’ vehicle or crossing the roadway as a new Figure 3H–2 to illustrate an FHWA proposes to add a new Guidance pedestrian, and that many of the goals example of the use of yellow-colored paragraph recommending using of an agency installing these treatments can be accomplished through other pavement. delineators of the appropriate color to 369. FHWA proposes to add a new indicate lane-reduction transitions means that do not alter or compromise the uniform appearance of traffic control section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section where either an outside or inside lane 3H.05 White-Colored Pavement’’ to merges into an adjacent lane. FHWA devices. Based on the varying views that the include Standard paragraphs limiting proposes this change to provide use of white-colored pavement to flush consistency in the application of public has expressed on this topic, FHWA requests that commenters or raised island where traffic passes on delineators proposed in other Sections. both sides in the same direction, right- 365. In Section 3H.01 (existing provide sufficient detail and explanation of how their position would hand shoulders, exit gore areas, and Section 3G.01), retitled, entrance gore areas. ‘‘Standardization of Application,’’ maintain the uniformity and recognition of crosswalk markings. Since these FHWA also proposes to add a FHWA proposes to add two new Guidance paragraph recommending Standard paragraphs limiting the use of types of aesthetic treatments oftentimes are installed with the stated purpose of certain limitations on its use and Option colored pavement only where it paragraphs stating where it may be supplements other markings and improving safety (in addition to establishing community identity or for applied along a roadway to be prohibiting colors other than those consistent with other provisions— specified in Chapter 3H (existing ‘‘placemaking’’ purposes), FHWA requests comment on how allowing existing and proposed—in the Manual. Chapter 3G) Colored Pavement. FHWA Further, FHWA proposes to provide a more intricate designs and bright colors proposes this change to improve upon new Figure 3H–3 to illustrate an around standardized crosswalk the previously established widespread example of the use of white-colored markings improves the safety or system of uniformity in the application pavement. of colored pavement. operations at and around the crosswalk, 370. FHWA proposes to add a new 366. FHWA proposes to add a new while maintaining the recognition of the section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section crosswalk. FHWA requests that 3H.06 Green-Colored Pavement for 3H.02 Materials’’ to add new Option, commenters support their position by Bicycle Facilities’’ to include Standard Standard, Guidance, and Support providing quantifiable and objective paragraphs establishing the use of green- paragraphs related to retroreflectivity, data, such as from human factors colored pavement for a variety of minimizing the loss of traction, evaluations, about the safety and bicycle facilities and prohibiting its use differentials in skid resistance, and operation of vehicular and street traffic, on shared-use paths, shared-lane abnormal wear in colored pavement. safety and navigation of pedestrians, markings, crosswalks, and on separated FHWA proposes this section to provide any assessments of the effects of bicycle lanes on an independent agencies with information to assist in alignment. 63 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 3(09)-24 (I), dated FHWA also proposes Option the selection of appropriate colored August 15, 2013, can be viewed at the following pavement materials to improve road internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ paragraphs stating where green-colored user safety. resources/interpretations/3_09_24.htm. pavement can be applied and Guidance

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recommending installation of regulatory to provide a new Figure 3H–6 to improve consistency in the application and guide signing with green-colored illustrate an example of the use of of islands designated by pavement pavement. purple-colored pavement. markings. Further, FHWA proposes to provide a 373. In Section 3I.01 (existing Section 378. FHWA proposes to add a new new Figure 3H–4 and revise Figures in 3H.01) Channelizing Devices, FHWA section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Part 9 to illustrate examples of green- proposes to add an Option paragraph to 3J.04 Curb Markings for Raised Island’’ colored pavement. FHWA proposes clarify that orange-colored channelizing to include existing P7–P12 from existing these changes based on Interim devices are allowed to emphasize Section 3B.23 and P2 of existing Section Approval No. 14.64 pavement markings outside of 3I.04. 371. FHWA proposes to add a new temporary traffic control zones, as long FHWA also proposes to change P10 section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section as the devices are not permanent. from Support to Option to allow curb 3H.07 Red-Colored Pavement for Public FHWA proposes to add this Option to markings to be discontinued where the Transit Systems’’ to include Standard facilitate use of channelizing devices in curbs of the islands become parallel to paragraphs establishing the use of red- emergency incidents and planned the direction of traffic flow or where the colored pavement for lanes where special events, because it is usually not island is illuminated or marked with general purpose traffic is not allowed practical for police officers or other delineators, based on engineering and requiring regulatory signs authorized personnel to obtain and judgment or study. establishing the allowable use of the deploy channelizing devices that match In addition, FHWA proposes to lane. the color of the existing pavement change P11 from Support to Option to FHWA also proposes Option markings. allow curb markings to be omitted at paragraphs stating where red-colored FHWA also proposes to delete P5 openings in a continuous median island pavement can be applied and a since this information is related to based on engineering judgment or study. Guidance paragraph recommending red- maintenance and not related to traffic 379. FHWA proposes to add a new colored pavement not be used on public control device uniformity. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section transit facilities separated from the 374. FHWA proposes to add a new 3J.05 Pavement Markings for Raised roadway or on exclusive alignments. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Islands’’ to include a Standard, Options, In addition, FHWA proposes to 3I.02 Tubular Markers’’ to include Guidance, and Support paragraphs for provide a new Figure 3H–5 to illustrate Standard, Guidance, and Option the application of approach-end an example of the use of red-colored paragraphs to provide size requirements treatments, channelizing lines, edge pavement. FHWA proposes these and recommended spacing. FHWA lines, and chevron or diagonal markings changes based on Interim Approval proposes this change because the use of for raised islands. FHWA proposes these 22 65 and the results of multiple tubular markers have become more changes to improve consistency in the experimentations across the country, common and to enhance uniformity. application of markings for raised including in the following jurisdictions: 375. FHWA proposes to revise the islands, to improve operations and City of Chicago, IL; the City of New title of Chapter 3J (existing Chapter 3I) safety at islands and decision points, York, NY; the District of Columbia; the to ‘‘Marking and Delineation of Islands and to meet driver expectation when City of Santa Rosa, CA; and San Diego and Curb Extensions’’ to be more encountering these facilities. County, CA. descriptive on the content regarding FHWA also proposes to provide a new 372. FHWA proposes to add a new islands in this Chapter. Figure 3J–3 to illustrate an example of section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 376. In Section 3J.02 (existing Section the use of diagonal markings in buffer 3H.08 Purple-Colored Pavement for 3I.02) Approach-End Treatment, FHWA areas between the channelizing line and Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) proposes modifying existing P1 to the raised island. Account-Only Preferential Lanes’’ to recommend either an approach-end 380. FHWA proposes to add a new include Standard paragraphs limiting treatment, or curb markings, or both at section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section use of purple-colored pavement to lanes the ends of islands first approached by 3J.07 Curb Extensions Designated by approaching toll plazas that are traffic. FHWA proposes this change to Pavement Markings’’ to include restricted to registered ETC accounts improve operations and safety at islands Support, Standard, Guidance, and and lanes approaching an Open Road and decision points, and to meet driver Option paragraphs for the application of Tolling (ORT) collection facility, and expectation when encountering these curb extension pavement markings. prohibiting its use on an approach that facilities. FHWA proposes these changes to also facilitates other payment methods FHWA also proposes to revise P3 to improve consistency in the application downstream. add a recommendation for raised bars or of markings for curb extensions and FHWA also proposes Standard buttons that project more than 1 inch uniformity when the application of paragraphs regarding the use of above the pavement surface to be pavement markings is to be used. longitudinal and edge lines to flank the marked with retroreflective materials. 381. FHWA proposes to delete purple-colored pavement. FHWA proposes this change to enhance existing Section 3I.03 Island Marking In addition, FHWA proposes an conspicuity. Application and existing Section 3I.04 Option paragraph allowing its use for 377. FHWA proposes to add a new Island Marking Colors since the the entire length of the toll lane or ORT section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section paragraphs were either relocated to collection facility or for only a portion 3J.03 Islands Designated by Pavement other sections, are redundant with other (or portions). Further, FHWA proposes Markings’’ to include new Standard MUTCD provisions, or are not related to paragraphs for pavement marking color uniformity. requirements for islands and to clarify 64 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–14, April 15, Discussion of Proposed Amendments to 2011, can be viewed at the following internet criteria for islands previously located website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ throughout Part 3. FHWA also proposes Part 4 Highway Traffic Signals interim_approval/ia14/index.htm. a new Option paragraph allowing both 382. FHWA proposes to reorganize 65 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–22, December 4, Part 4 by dividing some existing long 2019, can be viewed at the following internet chevron and diagonal markings of the website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ same color within the same island. chapters and sections into several interim_approval/ia22/index.htm. FHWA proposes these changes to chapters and/or several sections, each

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having a clearly understandable title, research.68 FHWA also proposes the Standard paragraph requiring an and by moving certain material to new revisions to various paragraphs and engineering study to justify a traffic locations within Part 4 to consolidate sections throughout the part to reflect control signal. FHWA also proposes to similar information in one place. In these proposed changes. clarify in Guidance P10 that if a minor- some cases, this involves the proposed 384. FHWA proposes to add a new street approach has an exclusive left- creation of new chapters and sections section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section turn lane, the approach should either be that do not exist in the 2009 MUTCD. 4A.05 Meanings of Bicycle Symbol analyzed as a two-lane approach based FHWA believes this proposed Signal Indications.’’ This section defines on the sum of the traffic volumes using reorganization would create a more the meaning of the proposed bicycle both lanes or as a one-lane approach logical flow of information and make it traffic signal indications for bicyclists, based on only the traffic volume in the easier for users to find the content they described in proposed Chapter 4H, approach lane with the highest volume. need. In addition, FHWA proposes to based on Interim Approval 16.69 FHWA also proposes to change P12 delete text from various sections where 385. In Section 4A.08 (existing from Guidance to Option to allow such material duplicates or is very Section 4D.34) Use of Signs at agencies to determine whether a similar to existing text in other sections Signalized Locations, FHWA proposes location with a wide median is within Part 4 or elsewhere in the to change P5 from Standard to Guidance considered as one or two intersections MUTCD. These reorganizations and to provide agencies flexibility, based on for a signal warrant analysis based on elimination of redundancies are engineering judgement, to achieve an the site-specific conditions. FHWA editorial in nature and do not appropriate balance in visibility for both proposes these changes to allow significantly change the technical traffic signal signs and traffic signal additional flexibility. content or meaning, except as otherwise faces. The proposed text maintains In addition, FHWA proposes to add a discussed below. priority for the visibility of the traffic Guidance statement referring to the 383. FHWA proposes to allow the signal faces. alternatives to traffic control signals optional use of three-section signal faces 386. In Section 4B.02, retitled, ‘‘Basis listed in Section 4B.05. FHWA proposes using flashing yellow arrow (FYA) of Installation of Traffic Control this change to reflect Official Change signal indications that use the middle Signals,’’ FHWA proposes to add a Request 4(09)–76(C) and to remind users section to show both the FYA and the Guidance paragraph recommending of the Manual that there are several steady yellow arrow in Section 4F.08 against using traffic control signals to alternatives to traffic control signals. (existing Section 4D.02) retitled, ‘‘Signal penalize drivers who are speeding. 390. In Section 4C.02 Warrant 1, Indications for Protected/Permissive FHWA proposes this change because Eight-Hour Vehicular Volume, Section Mode Right-Turn Movements in a speeding issues should be addressed 4C.03 Warrant 2, Four-Hour Vehicular Shared Signal Face’’ and Section 4F.15 through a programmatic approach and Volume, Section 4C.04 Warrant 3, Peak (existing Section 4D.24) retitled, ‘‘Signal through roadway design features, rather Hour, Section 4C.05 Warrant 4, Indications for Protected/Permissive than through traffic control signals. Pedestrian Volume, Section 4C.06 Mode Right-Turn Movements in a 387. FHWA proposes to delete Warrant 5, School Crossing, Section Separate Signal Face.’’ This change existing Section 4B.05 Adequate 4C.07 Warrant 6, Coordinated Signal would allow agencies to convert Roadway Capacity because the System, Section 4C.08 Warrant 7, Crash existing three-section protected-only information does not relate to traffic Experience, Section 4C.09 Warrant 8, left- and right-turn signal faces to three- control uniformity and instead Roadway Network, and Section 4C.10 section FYA signal faces, and provide discusses roadway design philosophy Warrant 9, Intersection Near a Grade more opportunities to implement and therefore is not appropriate in the Crossing, FHWA proposes to change all variable mode left- and right-turn MUTCD. paragraphs describing the application of 388. In Section 4B.05 (existing phasing. the signal warrant criterion to be Section 4B.04) Alternatives to Traffic Similarly, FHWA also proposes to considered in an engineering study for Control Signals, FHWA proposes to allow the option of displaying both the installing a new traffic control signal clarify in Option Item M that to reduce FYA and the steady yellow arrow in the from Standard to Guidance. FHWA vehicular conflicts, a roundabout is an same section for five-section shared left- proposes this change to provide alternative to a traffic control signal. In turn/right-turn signal faces operating in agencies flexibility in performing signal addition, FHWA proposes to add a protected/permissive mode in Section warrant analyses. 4F.02 (existing Section 4D.17) Signal Support statement referencing Part 8 391. In Section 4C.02 Warrant 1, Indications for Left-Turn Movements— regarding installation of roundabouts in Eight-Hour Vehicular Volume, Section General, 4F.09 (existing Section 4E.21) proximity to grade crossings. FHWA 4C.03 Warrant 2, Four-Hour Vehicular Signal Indications for Right-Turn proposes these changes to reflect Volume, Section 4C.04 Warrant 3, Peak Movements—General, and Section Official Change Request 4(09)–76(C). Hour, and Section 4C.08 Warrant 7, 389. In Section 4C.01 Studies and 4F.16 (existing Section 4D.25) retitled, Crash Experience, FHWA proposes to Factors for Justifying Traffic Control ‘‘Signal Indications for Approaches with change the description of minor-street Signals, FHWA proposes to add an Shared Left-Turn/Right-Turn Lanes and approaches from higher volume to more exception for temporary traffic signals to No Through Movement.’’ FHWA critical based on FHWA’s Official proposes these changes based on Ruling No. 4(09)–59(I).70 66 68 ‘‘Evaluation of the Flashing Yellow Arrow Interim Approval 17, FHWA’s Official 392. In Section 4C.05 Warrant 4, 67 (FYA) Permissive Left-Turn and Yellow Arrow Ruling No. 4(09)–15(I), and supporting Change Indications in Protected/Permissive Left- Pedestrian Volume, FHWA proposes to Turn Control: The Impact of Separate and Shared add an Option allowing the criteria to be 66 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–17, August 12, Yellow Signal Sections and Head Arrangements,’’ applied separately to each direction of 2014, can be viewed at the following internet NCHRP Project 20–07/Task 283, June 2014, can be website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ viewed at the following internet website: http:// vehicular traffic where there is a interim_approval/ia17/index.htm. www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/171653.aspx. 67 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-15(I), 69 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–16, December 70 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–59(I), December 12, 2011, can be viewed at the following 24, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet September 12, 2016, can be viewed at the following internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ resources/interpretations/4_09_15.htm. interim_approval/ia16/index.htm. resources/interpretations/4_09_59.htm.

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divided street having a median of FHWA also proposes to change P7 Signal Faces, FHWA proposes to add a sufficient width for pedestrians to wait. restricting signalizing midblock new Guidance paragraph recommending This option is a variation of the second crosswalks if they are located within locating separate turn signal faces at sentence of Item B in Paragraph 2 of 300 feet of the nearest traffic control least 3 feet, horizontally and vertically, Section 4C.05 in the 2003 MUTCD and signal from Standard to Guidance. from the nearest traffic signal face for a is proposed by FHWA based on Official FHWA proposes this change to provide different movement on the same Ruling No. 4(09)–25(I).71 more flexibility for agencies when approach. FHWA proposes this change FHWA also proposes to change P4 considering placement of midblock to minimize driver confusion and prohibiting the application of the crosswalks. enhance signal visibility. Pedestrian Volume warrant if the 395. In Section 4D.02 (existing FHWA proposes to change P7 from distance to the nearest traffic control Section 4D.03) Provisions for Standard to Guidance to provide signal or Stop sign is within 300 feet Pedestrians, FHWA proposes to delete agencies flexibility in locating signal from Standard to Guidance. FHWA P2 in concert with the new Standard faces. proposes this change to provide more added in Section 4D.01 and relocate and FHWA also proposes to revise flexibility for agencies when revise P1 and relocate P3 from existing Standard P10 for supplemental post- considering installation of traffic signals Section 4E.03 to this Section. mounted signal faces to clarify that the for pedestrian crossings. FHWA also proposes to delete intent is to prohibit the display of left- 393. In Section 4C.08 Warrant 7, Standard P3 and add a new Guidance turn arrows to the right of adjacent Crash Experience, FHWA proposes to paragraph recommending pedestrian through and right-turn lanes, and not to revise Item B in P2 to include updated signal heads at each marked crosswalk prohibit such a display if an signal warrant criteria for 1-year and 3- at a location controlled by a traffic opportunity is available to post-mount a year periods, crash type, and severity, as control signal. signal face that is to the immediate right well as major street speed and Finally, FHWA proposes to revise of the left-turn lanes. FHWA proposes a intersection location. In conjunction existing Guidance in P4 to align better similar change for the display of right- with this change, FHWA proposes to with the recommendation for an turn arrows. add additional Support language engineering study with specific factors 399. In Section 4D.07 (existing regarding the critical minor-street for consideration as outlined in Section Section 4D.14) Longitudinal Positioning volume, and a new Option paragraph 4K.01. of Signal Faces, FHWA proposes to that accompanies new tables related to 396. FHWA proposes to add a new delete Item A.3 of P1 because it criteria for considering traffic control section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section redundant with information contained signals in rural areas. FHWA proposes 4D.03 Provisions for Bicyclists,’’ with an in Section 4D.06 (existing Section these changes based on Interim Option to allow bicycle signal faces to 4D.13). 72 Approval 19 and findings contained be used where it is desired to provide FHWA also proposes to change the 73 in a research study. separate signal indications to control existing Item B of P1 from Standard to 394. In Section 4D.01 General, add a bicycle movements at a traffic control Guidance to provide agencies flexibility new Standard paragraph requiring the signal, and a reference to new Chapter when deciding where to install design and operation of traffic control 4H Bicycle Signal Faces. FHWA supplemental near-side signal faces. signals to take into consideration the 400. In Section 4D.08 (existing proposes this change due to the needs of all modes of traffic to enhance Section 4D.15) Mounting Height of increasing bicycle activity and bicycle mobility and safety for all modes of Signal Faces, FHWA proposes to change infrastructure deployment throughout travel. all Standards related to the maximum the Country and based on Interim FHWA proposes to add a new height for vehicular signal faces from Approval 16.75 Guidance paragraph recommending that Standard to Guidance. FHWA proposes 397. In Section 4D.05 (existing covers placed over traffic control signal this change because increasing Section 4D.12) Visibility, Aiming, and faces not in operation include the maximum heights does not impact the Shielding of Signal Faces, FHWA backplate if it has a yellow safety of road and sidewalk users and proposes to change P1, P2, P3, P7, and retroreflective strip. The new paragraph therefore agencies should have the P13 from Standard to Guidance to also recommends that if a traffic signal flexibility to do so where they deem it provide agencies flexibility in locating with a retroreflective backplate is turned advisable to meet site conditions. signal faces. away it should not be oriented such that 401. In Section 4D.09 (existing FHWA also proposes to add a new the backplate border will reflect light Section 4D.16) Lateral Offset (Clearance) Standard prohibiting the use of ancillary back to road users on any approaches to of Signal Faces, FHWA proposes to legends on signal face backplates. the intersection. FHWA proposes this change the Standard paragraph to FHWA proposes this change because change based on Official Ruling No. Guidance to provide agencies flexibility 74 backplates are used to improve the 4(09)–1(I). when designing signal face placement. contrast between the traffic signal and 402. In Section 4D.10 (existing 71 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–25(I), its surroundings, and adding a legend Section 4D.32) Temporary and Portable November 19, 2012, can be viewed at the following reduces the contrast and could reduce Traffic Control Signals, FHWA proposes internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ driver comprehension. Section 2B.60 _ _ to delete Item C in P4 because existing resources/interpretations/4 09 25.htm. (existing Section 2B.53) allows the 72 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–19, February 24, Item D supersedes it, and to provide 2017, can be viewed at the following internet installation of signs adjacent to signal agencies more flexibility in temporary website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ faces to provide the purpose or traffic signal control operations. In interim_approval/ia19/index.htm. operation, as needed. 73 concert with this change, FHWA ‘‘Crash Experience Warrant for Traffic Signals,’’ 398. In Section 4D.06 (existing NCHRP 07–18, July 5, 2014, can be viewed at the proposes to add a new Option following internet website: http://www.trb.org/ Section 4D.13) Lateral Positioning of permitting temporary traffic signals to Main/Blurbs/171359.aspx. operate in semi-actuated mode instead 74 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-1(I), 75 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–16, December February 22, 2010, can be viewed at the following 24, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet of being placed in flashing mode. internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ 403. In Section 4E.01 (existing Section resources/interpretations/4_09_001.htm. interim_approval/ia16/index.htm. 4D.06) Signal Indications—Design,

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Illumination, Color, and Shape, FHWA (stop-and-go) mode of operation. FHWA this change to be specific about proposes to revise P9 to require that proposes this change to clarify the conflicting movements between left- displays meet the minimum application of flashing signal turns and opposing right-turns. requirements of ‘‘Equipment and indications in steady (stop-and-go) In addition, FHWA proposes to Materials Standards of the Institute of mode based on their addition to the modify Standard P6 to clarify which Transportation Engineers’’ for signal 2009 MUTCD. FHWA also proposes to signal displays are prohibited when a optical units that use incandescent clarify in Item H that except for under combined left-turn/through lane exists lamps within optical assemblies that certain circumstances, a steady green on an approach. include lenses. FHWA also proposes to arrow signal indication shall be FHWA proposes similar changes in add the requirements of the publications displayed only to allow vehicular Section 4F.09 (existing Section 4D.21) entitled, ‘‘Vehicle Traffic Control Signal movements in the direction indicated, for right-turn movements. Heads: Light Emitting Diode (LED) that are not in conflict with other 407. In new ‘‘Section 4F.04 Signal Circular Signal Supplement’’ and vehicles moving on a green or yellow Indications for Permissive Only Mode ‘‘Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads: signal indication, even if the other Left-Turn Movements in a Separate Light Emitting Diode (LED) Vehicle vehicles are required to yield the right- Signal Face,’’ new ‘‘Section 4F.06 Signal Arrow Traffic Signal Supplement’’ that of-way to the traffic moving on the Indications for Protected Only Mode pertain to the aspects of the signal head GREEN ARROW signal indication. Left-Turn Movements in a Separate design that affect the display of the FHWA proposes this clarification to Signal Face,’’ new ‘‘Section 4F.08 Signal signal indications shall be met for light reflect Official Change Request 4(09)– Indications for Protected/Permissive emitting diode (LED) traffic signal 75(C).78 Mode Left-Turn Movements in a modules, except during nighttime FHWA proposes to expand existing Separate Signal Face,’’ new ‘‘Section conditions, which is addressed in the Option P5 to include conditions where 4F.11 Signal Indications for Permissive revised paragraph 11. FHWA proposes a steady straight-through green arrow Only Mode Right-Turn Movements in a this change based on Official Ruling No. may be used to discourage wrong-way Separate Signal Face,’’ new ‘‘Section 4(09)–28(I).76 turns. FHWA proposes this clarification 4F.13 Signal Indications for Protected In addition, FHWA proposes to to reflect Official Change Request 4(09)– Only Mode Right-Turn Movements in a change P11 from Standard to Support 75(C).79 Separate Signal Face,’’ and new and combine with P12 because it FHWA also proposes to add a new ‘‘Section 4F.15 Signal Indications for contains general information about Standard, prior to existing Standard Protected/Permissive Mode Right-Turn signal lenses and is not a requirement P13, for signal displays on separate Movements in a Separate Signal Face,’’ for traffic control signals. signal faces at pre-signals for left-turn FHWA proposes to add a new Standard 404. In Section 4E.02 (existing Section and/or right-turn lanes that extend from in each section prohibiting the use of a 4D.07) Size of Vehicular Signal the downstream signalized intersection separate turn signal face on an approach Indications, FHWA proposes to require back to and across a grade crossing. that does not include an exclusive turn all arrow signal indications to be FHWA proposes this change to permit lane. FHWA proposes this change twelve-inch to enhance safety and agencies to display straight-through because if an exclusive lane does not conspicuity of the arrow legend. FHWA green arrow with circular red or circular exist, then a separate turn signal face also proposes to modify the existing yellow on the same approach to the pre- should not be provided because both the Option to allow 8-inch circular signal to improve safety by discouraging turning and through vehicles share the indications in a flashing beacon based road users from inadvertently turning same lane and a separate turn signal on Official Ruling No. 4(09)–7(I).77 onto railroad or light rail transit (LRT) face can be confusing to road users in FHWA also proposes to add a new tracks. this situation. 408. In new ‘‘Section 4F.06 Signal Option allowing the use of different 406. In Section 4F.02 (existing Section Indications for Protected Only Mode sizes of signal indications in the same 4D.17) Signal Indications for Left-Turn Left-Turn Movements in a Separate face or signal head. This option is a Movements—General, FHWA proposes Signal Face’’ which consists of P3 of variation of P5 of Section 4D.15 in the to change P1 from Standard to Support existing Section 4D.19, FHWA proposes 2003 MUTCD. Even though this was because the paragraph provides to delete the reference to signal implied in the 2009 MUTCD, this new information regarding the applicability instruction sign and requirement for the Option would provide agencies explicit of signal indications for U-turns to the LEFT ON GREEN ARROW ONLY (R10– flexibility to install twelve-inch arrows left and is more appropriate as a 5) sign. FHWA proposes this change to with eight-inch circular displays if the Support statement. conditions permit eight-inch circular FHWA also proposes to revise remove the undefined term ‘‘signal displays. Standard P5 to prohibit explicitly the instruction sign’’ and to provide 405. In Section 4F.01 (existing Section simultaneous display of a protected left- additional flexibility for the use of 4D.05), retitled, ‘‘Application of Steady turn movement with opposing right-turn traffic signal signs for separate left-turn and Flashing Signal Indications during green arrow or yellow arrow signal signal faces operating in a protected Steady (Stop-and-Go) Operation,’’ indication unless there are separate only mode. FHWA proposes a similar revision to FHWA proposes to add items E and G departure lanes available and there are new ‘‘Section 4F.13 Signal Indications to Standard P3 to include provisions for pavement markings or a channelizing for Protected Only Mode Right-Turn flashing red arrow and flashing yellow island clearly indicating which Movements in a Separate Signal Face’’ arrow signal indications for steady departure lane to use. This prohibition which consists of P3 of existing Section has been implicit in the description of 76 4D.23 to delete the reference to signal FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–28(I), what constitutes conflicting movements January 25, 2013, can be viewed at the following instruction sign and requirement for the elsewhere in Part 4, but FHWA proposes internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ RIGHT ON GREEN ARROW ONLY _ _ resources/interpretations/4 09 28.htm. (R10–5a) sign. 77 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–7(I), 78 An inventory of FHWA’s Official Rulings can February 8, 2011, can be viewed at the following be viewed at the following internet website: https:// 409. In new ‘‘Section 4F.08 Signal internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/orsearch.asp. Indications for Protected/Permissive resources/interpretations/4_09_7.htm. 79 Ibid. Mode Left-Turn Movements in a

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Separate Signal Face’’ which consists of FHWA also proposes to add an ability to slow, stop, or alter their course P3–P6 of existing Section 4D.20, FHWA Option to allow the continuous display if necessary to avoid a collision. proposes to modify the Standard (P1 in of a steady circular red signal indication FHWA also proposes to add a new existing Section 4D.20) to allow the during time when the traffic control Option permitting the display of a display of a steady left-turn red arrow signal is being operated in steady (stop- distinctive indication to inform law immediately following the steady left- and-go) mode. FHWA proposes to add a enforcement personnel who are turn yellow arrow signal indication to new Standard prohibiting the display of escorting traffic that the traffic control provide a red clearance interval, circular green and circular yellow signal signal has changed because it has been enabling the opposing traffic to start up indications to an approach with no preempted. FHWA proposes this change before releasing the permissive left-turn through movement and an approach based on an NTSB recommendation movement. speed 35 mph or greater, to an approach from the results of their investigation 410. In Section 4F.09 (existing Section where the one-way roadway that into the causes of the fatal truck/train 4D.21), Signal Indications for Right- opposes the approach is an exit ramp crash that occurred in Midland, Texas, Turn Movements—General, FHWA from a freeway or expressway, or to an when law enforcement officers were proposes to delete P6 to allow, when approach where the one-way roadway escorting a parade.80 needed, a yellow change interval for the that opposes the approach has a speed In addition, FHWA proposes to right-turn movement when the status of limit of 35 mph or greater. FHWA modify P11 to recommend that backup the right-turn operation is changing proposes the new Option and Standards power supply for traffic control signals from permissive to protected within any to improve safety by minimizing the with railroad preemption or coordinated given signal sequence. FHWA proposes potential for road users driving straight with flashing-light signal systems this change because this yellow change through in the wrong direction onto a should provide a minimum operating interval is frequently needed when a one-way roadway or exit ramp. period sufficient to allow the right-turn overlap is the next phase in 413. In Section 4F.17 (existing Section implementation of alternative traffic order to allow opposing permissive left- 4D.26) Yellow Change and Red control during a power outage. FHWA turn traffic to clear the intersection. Clearance Intervals, FHWA proposes to proposes this change to provide agencies with more guidance on the 411. In new ‘‘Section 4F.15 Signal change P2 from Standard to Support duration for backup power supplies. because the paragraph describes the Indications for Protected/Permissive 415. In Section 4G.02 (existing 4D.29) Mode Right-Turn Movements in a function of a yellow change interval, Flashing Operation—Transition Into Separate Signal Face,’’ which is rather than specific requirements. Flash Mode, FHWA proposes to change comprised of existing P2–P6 of existing FHWA also proposes to revise P1 from Standard to Option because the Section 4D.24, FHWA proposes to allow Support P7 to reference ‘‘Guidelines for language does not provide a the display of a steady right-turn red Determining Traffic Signal Change and requirement and is more appropriate as arrow signal indication immediately Clearance Intervals: A Recommended an Option. following the steady right-turn yellow Practice of the Institute of 416. In Section 4G.04 (existing arrow signal indication to provide a red Transportation Engineers,’’ which Section 4D.31) Flashing Operation— clearance interval, enabling the contains the current practices for Transition Out of Flashing Mode, opposing traffic to start up before determining the duration of yellow FHWA proposes to add a new Guidance releasing the permissive right-turn change and red clearance intervals. In paragraph providing two recommended movement. addition, FHWA proposes to revise display sequences for transitioning out FHWA also proposes to add a new Guidance P14 to recommend the of yellow-red flashing mode where there requirement to display a steady right- maximum duration of yellow change is a common major-street green interval. turn yellow arrow and if needed, steady interval for through movements should FHWA also proposes to revise the right-turn red arrow following the be 6 seconds and for turning movements existing recommendation for display flashing right-turn yellow arrow for should be 7 seconds. As part of this sequences for transitioning out of permissive right-turn movements change, FHWA proposes to delete the yellow-red flashing mode where there is changing to protected right-turn second sentence of Guidance P14 and not a common major-street green movements when there is an opposing Guidance P15. FHWA proposes these interval to provide a steady yellow permissive left-turn movement that is changes to reflect new guidance in the signal indication followed by a steady being terminated simultaneously. new ITE publication. red clearance interval on the major FHWA proposes this change because a 414. In new ‘‘Section 4F.19 traffic movement on the major street. yellow change interval and red Preemption Control of Traffic Control FHWA proposes these changes for safety clearance interval might be needed Signals’’ consisting of paragraphs from and consistency in signal operations. during a right-turn overlap to allow existing Section 4D.27, FHWA proposes 417. FHWA proposes to add a new opposing permissive left-turn traffic to to revise the Standard regarding Chapter, numbered and titled, Chapter clear the intersection. preemption control transitions to permit 4H Bicycle Signals, that includes 412. In Section 4F.16 (existing Section the shortening or omission of any provisions for the application, design, 4D.25), retitled, ‘‘Signal Indications for pedestrian change interval only when and operation of bicycle signals. This Approaches with No Through the traffic control signal is being chapter contains twelve sections and Movement,’’ FHWA proposes to expand preempted because a boat is provisions related to the use, warrants, information regarding signal displays in approaching a movable bridge or application, size, placement, mounting situations where all traffic on an because rail traffic is approaching a height, intensity and light distribution, approach must turn onto the grade crossing. FHWA proposes this and yellow change and red clearance intersecting roadway. Existing Section change to improve pedestrian safety. 4D.25 does not address situations for The existing MUTCD allows the 80 ‘‘Highway–Railroad Grade Crossing Collision, approaches where there is no through shortening or omission of the pedestrian Midland, Texas, Accident Report’’ NTSB/HAR–13/ change interval regardless of the reason. 02, November 15, 2012, can be viewed at the movement and there is not a shared left- following internet website: https://www.ntsb.gov/ turn/right-turn lane or the lanes operate Unlike boats and trains, emergency investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/ with variable lane-use regulations. vehicles and buses generally have the HAR1302.pdf.

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intervals for Bicycle Signal Faces. These FHWA proposes to clarify Standard P6 2 seconds. FHWA proposes this change sections and provisions are generally that countdown displays shall not be to provide additional flexibility to consistent with provisions for traffic used during the red clearance interval of agencies in optimizing the timing of control signals. A bicycle signal face a concurrent vehicular phase that is traffic signals. consists of RED BICYCLE, YELLOW ending simultaneously with or after the In addition, FHWA proposes to revise BICYCLE, and GREEN BICYCLE symbol end of the pedestrian phase because existing P7 to recommend calculating signal indications that controls bicycle countdown displays sometimes overlap pedestrian clearance time based on movements from a designated bicycle across more than one vehicular phase crossing distance measured from the lane or from a separate facility, such as and are used during the red clearance edge of the pavement and not from the a shared use path. The proposed interval of the first overlapped phase. shoulder or edge of the traveled way. provisions are based on the Interim 423. In Section 4I.05 (existing Section FHWA proposes this change because Approval 16 81 and multiple 4E.08) Pedestrian Detectors, FHWA pedestrians who are waiting for a walk experimentations across the Country. proposes adding an Option to address indication typically do not feel safe One notable change from IA–16 is the the need for ‘‘touch-free’’ pedestrian waiting on a paved shoulder and instead removal of the green arrow signal push buttons. wait at the edge of the pavement. indication requirement when there are FHWA also proposes in Guidance P4 conflicts with motor vehicles moving to clarify ‘‘easy activation’’ of pedestrian Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a concurrently from an adjacent lane. push buttons as no more than 5 pounds Standard requiring the minimum FHWA proposes this change to provide of force to activate to reflect required time for the Walk interval be agencies with an option to control accessibility requirements contained in displayed in addition to the time bikeways or bicycle lanes at signalized the Americans with Disabilities Act provided for the leading pedestrian intersections. Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG), interval at locations where leading 418. In existing Section 4E.03 309.4 Operable Parts. FHWA also pedestrian intervals are being utilized Application of Pedestrian Signal Heads, proposes several additional criteria for without accessible pedestrian signals. FHWA proposes to delete the section pushbutton locations to provide FHWA proposes this change to align and relocate P1 and P3 to Section 4D.02. practitioners with additional guidance with accessible pedestrian signal FHWA proposes to delete P2 in concert related to the placement of pedestrian guidance throughout Part 4. with the proposed new Guidance in push buttons in relation to curb ramps, 425. In Section 4J.01 (existing Section Section 4D.02 that provides additional crosswalks, shoulders, and the edge of 4F.01) Application of Pedestrian Hybrid flexibility to use pedestrian signals. pavement, as well as recommending a Beacons, FHWA proposes to add a new 419. In Section 4I.01 (existing Section minimum 4-foot continuous clear width Option to allow the reduction of the 4E.01) Pedestrian Signal Heads, FHWA for a pedestrian access route. These signal warrant criteria for pedestrian proposes to modify P2 to align better proposed changes reflect Official volume crossing the major street by as with the recommendation for an Change Request 4(09)–77(C).82 much as 50 percent if the 15th- engineering study with specific factors FHWA also proposes to delete P17 percentile crossing speed of pedestrians for consideration as outlined in Section since this is a repeat of P23 in existing 4K.01. is less than 3.5 feet per second. FHWA 4E.11. proposes this change for consistency 420. In Section 4I.02 (existing Section 424. In Section 4I.06 (existing Section 4E.04) Size, Design, and Illumination of with traffic control signal Warrant 4, 4E.06) Pedestrian Intervals and Signal Pedestrian Volume. Pedestrian Signal Head Indications, Phases, FHWA proposes to add a new FHWA proposes to revise P3 and add Standard requiring the display of a FHWA also proposes to add an new Standard and Guidance paragraphs flashing red signal indication when the Option to allow the separate application to provide more accurate references to pedestrian signal heads at a pedestrian of the major-street traffic volumes the ITE standards for pedestrian signal hybrid beacon are displaying a flashing criteria in each direction when there is heads. Upraised Hand signal indication. FHWA a divided street having a median of FHWA also proposes to change P5 proposes this change to be consistent sufficient width for pedestrians to wait from Standard to Guidance. FHWA with the specified operation of in accordance with Official Ruling No. proposes this change for clarification 84 pedestrian hybrid beacons in new 4(09)–25(I) and for consistency with and because the Walking Person and the proposed change in Section 4C.05. Upraised Hand symbols could be Section 4J.03 (existing Section 4F.03). FHWA also proposes to revise 426. In Section 4J.02 (existing Section slightly visible to pedestrians at the far existing P4 to reduce the minimum 4F.02) Design of Pedestrian Hybrid end of a crosswalk when not Beacons, FHWA proposes to add Item E illuminated, due to sun phantom and buffer interval from 3 seconds to 2 in Standard P1 requiring a Stop sign for other visual phenomena. seconds. FHWA proposes this change 421. In Section 4I.03 (existing Section based on the results of an official the minor-street approach when a 4E.05) Location and Height of experiment that was performed by the pedestrian hybrid beacon is installed at 83 Pedestrian Signal Heads, FHWA Delaware DOT. The experiment or immediately adjacent to an proposes to change Standard P2 to concluded there was no statistically intersection. FHWA also proposes to Guidance to provide agencies with significant difference from a safety delete existing items A and C of flexibility in the location of pedestrians perspective when the minimum buffer Guidance P4 regarding placement of signal heads with respect to vehicular interval was reduced from 3 seconds to pedestrian hybrid beacons with respect signal heads when mounted on the same to side streets and driveways and the support. 82 An inventory of FHWA’s Official Rulings can installation of signs and pavement 422. In Section 4I.04 (existing Section be viewed at the following internet website: https:// markings. FHWA proposes these mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/orsearch.asp. changes based on an FHWA evaluation 4E.07) Countdown Pedestrian Signals, 83 ‘‘MUTCD Experimentation with Countdown Pedestrian Signals and Change Intervals,’’ Delaware 81 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–16, December Center for Transportation, University of Delaware, 84 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-25(I), 24, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet October 2011, can be viewed at the following November 19, 2012, can be viewed at the following website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ internet website: http://sites.udel.edu/dct/files/ internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ interim_approval/ia16/index.htm. 2013/10/Rpt.-211-Pedestrian-Signals-2d65hei.pdf. resources/interpretations/4_09_25.htm.

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study of field implementations 85 of 427. In Section 4J.03 (existing Section push buttons be used to activate the pedestrian hybrid beacons installed at 4F.03) Operation of Pedestrian Hybrid accessible pedestrian signals at or near intersections, which found that Beacons, FHWA proposes to add a new locations where it is not necessary for there were no significant safety or Guidance paragraph recommending that pedestrians to push a push button operational problems with such pedestrian hybrid beacons operated as detector to receive a WALKING locations. part of a coordinated signal system PERSON signal indication, and to FHWA proposes to add a Guidance should not have a variable flashing provide information in non-visual statement recommending accessible yellow interval duration on a cycle-by- formats. FHWA proposes this revision pedestrian signals be installed in cycle basis. FHWA also proposes new to align with accessible pedestrian conjunction with a pedestrian hybrid Guidance that the pedestrian hybrid signal guidance throughout Part 4. beacon in response to Official Change beacon should remain in the dark 429. In Section 4K.03 (existing Request 4(09)–42(C). condition after a pedestrian actuation Section 4E.11), retitled, ‘‘Walk FHWA also proposes to change the has been received until the point in the Indications,’’ FHWA proposes to revise first sentence of Standard P8 to an background cycle when the flashing Standard P7 to clarify the existing Option, allowing the CROSSWALK yellow interval needs to begin to requirements for a percussive tone for STOP ON RED or STOP ON RED– maintain the system coordination. the audible walk indications. The only PROCEED ON FLASHING RED WHEN FHWA proposes this change in exception is for locations with two CLEAR signs to be installed facing each accordance with Official Ruling No. accessible pedestrian signals on the major street approach to provide 4(09)–32(I).87 same corner, or on a median, that are agencies flexibility on where to locate Further, FHWA proposes to add a associated with different phases and are these signs. FHWA proposes these new Option allowing the pedestrian located less than 10 feet apart, in which changes based on the field experience of hybrid beacon to remain in dark case a speech message is required for agencies that have extensively used condition after a pedestrian actuation the audible walk indication. FHWA pedestrian hybrid beacons. until the minimum dark time has been proposes this change in accordance with The 2017 Traffic Control Devices provided, if the minimum dark time has Official Ruling No. 4(09)–3(I).89 Pooled Fund Study—‘‘Comprehension been set on the controller. FHWA proposes to delete the second and Legibility of Selected Symbol Signs FHWA also proposes to add a new 86 sentence in Support P14 allowing the Phase IV’’ evaluated the Option allowing the use of a steady red use of transmitted speech messages, comprehension and legibility of various clearance interval after the steady because there is no assurance that all alternatives for signing at midblock yellow change interval. FHWA also impacted pedestrians would have a hybrid beacon pedestrian crossings. The proposes to add an Option allowing the transmitter. results indicated that no significant alternating flashing CIRCULAR RED FHWA proposes to remove the second differences were found between the signal indications to continue for a short sentence of Standard P17 limiting the alternatives; however, they did highlight period after the pedestrian change use of speech walk messages to specific the need for a sign, at least initially, interval has terminated to provide a locations. FHWA proposes this revision while drivers are learning what actions buffer interval for pedestrians. FHWA to avoid redundancy, since this is to take based on the flashing beacon. As proposes these two new Options to addressed in greater detail, in P8. a result, FHWA proposes to add a word increase safety and in accordance with FHWA also proposes to change P17 message sign for jurisdictions that Official Ruling No. 4(09)–14(I).88 through P20 from Standard to Guidance determine the operational need at In addition, FHWA proposes to add to provide agencies flexibility in pedestrian hybrid beacons. an Option to allow a pedestrian hybrid FHWA also proposes a new Standard developing speech walk messages. beacon in close proximity to an active FHWA also proposes a new Standard prohibiting the use of bicycle signal grade crossing to be preempted. faces at a pedestrian hybrid beacon. requiring accessible pedestrian signal Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a speech messages in a language other FHWA proposes this because the speed Standard requiring a pedestrian hybrid at which bicyclists are able to enter and than English to follow the message first beacon to flash circular yellow signal stated in English. FHWA proposes this traverse the crosswalk would make it indications to each major street unsafe to allow a green or yellow change to establish consistency in the approach and requiring the pedestrian order of such messages when an bicycle symbol signal indication to be signal heads to revert to the dark shown at the same time that a flashing optional secondary message in a condition when placed into a flashing language other than English is used, red signal indication is shown to mode by a conflict monitor or manual motorists. If the motorists are shown a thereby meeting the expectancy of switch. The proper signal and pedestrians. steady red signal indication for the pedestrian displays for pedestrian entire length of time that the bicycle 430. In Section 4K.04 (existing hybrid beacons placed into flashing Section 4E.12), retitled, ‘‘Vibrotactile signal face is showing a green or yellow mode are not addressed in the current bicycle symbol signal indication and a Arrows and Locator Tones,’’ FHWA MUTCD and this new standard is red clearance interval, the hybrid proposes to revise P1 and P2 to clarify intended to provide uniformity and beacon would essentially be functioning the requirements for vibrotactile arrows consistency for road users. and locator tones to improve safety for as a traffic control signal, and not as a 428. FHWA proposes to change pedestrian hybrid beacon. pedestrians with visual disabilities. existing Option P9 to Guidance and FHWA also proposes a new Option to revise the text to recommend pedestrian 85 ‘‘Safety Effectiveness of the HAWK Pedestrian allow the pushbutton locator tone to Crossing Treatment,’’ FHWA June 2010, can be default to deactivated mode during viewed at the following internet website: http:// 87 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-32(I), March periods when the steady UPRAISED www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/ 21, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet 10042/10042.pdf. website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ HAND is displayed for the associated _ _ 86 2017 Traffic Control Devices Pooled Fund interpretations/4 09 32.htm. Study—‘‘Comprehension and Legibility of Selected 88 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–14(I), August 89 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–3(I), July 30, Symbol Signs Phase IV’’ can be found at the 8, 2011, can be viewed at the following internet 2010, can be viewed at the following internet following internet website: https://pooledfund.org/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ Document/Download/7559. interpretations/4_09_14.htm. interpretations/4_09_3.htm.

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crosswalk if a passive pedestrian to supplement pedestrian warning signs. assist pedestrians with vision detection system is implemented that RRFBs consist of two rapidly-flashed disabilities. FHWA proposes this activates the locator tone when a rectangular-shaped yellow indications, revision to provide additional assistance pedestrian is present within a 12-foot each with an LED-array based pulsing due to the lack of audible traffic cues. radius from the push button location, in light source. The proposed provisions 433. In Section 4M.03 (existing accordance with Official Ruling No. are based on the Interim Approval 21,92 Section 4G.03) Operation of Emergency- 4(09)–26(I).90 a research study 93 performed on the Vehicle Traffic Control Signals, FHWA In addition, FHWA proposes to effectiveness of various flash patterns, proposes to change P3 and P4 from change the second portion of P6 from and FHWA official interpretations 94 Standard to Guidance to provide Standard to Guidance to recommend, and experimentations. One notable agencies additional flexibility in the rather than require, that pushbutton revision from the IA–22 is a new operation of emergency-vehicle traffic locator tones to be audible 6 to 12 feet Standard requiring the design of the control signals and warning beacons. from the pushbutton, or to the building RRFBs to conform to the requirements 434. In new ‘‘Section 4N.03 Operation line, whichever is less. FHWA proposes for post-mounted or overhead of Emergency-Vehicle Hybrid Beacons,’’ this change to provide agencies placement described in paragraph 3 of consisting of paragraphs from existing additional flexibility in locating Section 4L.02 if used at intersections. Section 4G.04, FHWA proposes to add pushbutton locator tones and RRFBs have been shown to achieve high a Standard requiring the beacon faces to pushbuttons. rates of compliance at a low relative cost display flashing yellow signal 431. In Section 4K.05 (existing in comparison to other more restrictive indications to each approach on the Section 4E.13), retitled, ‘‘Extended Push devices that provide comparable results, major street if placed into flashing mode Button Press Features,’’ FHWA proposes and they have been shown to provide an by a conflict monitor or manual switch. to change P7 from Option to Guidance enhanced level of pedestrian safety at FHWA proposes this change for to recommend that audible beaconing be uncontrolled crosswalks that has been consistency with requirements for traffic initiated by an extended pushbutton previously unattainable without costly control signals. press. FHWA makes this change to and delay-producing full traffic In addition, FHWA proposes to add provide more consistent applications of signalization. an Option to allow an emergency- audible beaconing. FHWA proposes to add a Guidance vehicle hybrid beacon in close FHWA also proposes to add a value statement in Section 4L.02 to proximity to an active grade crossing to of 100 dBA for the maximum volume of recommend the use of audible be preempted. the pushbutton locator tone during the information devices with RRFBs to 435. In Section 4P.02 (existing Section pedestrian change interval and to 4I.02) Design of Freeway Entrance Ramp require that the loudspeaker be mounted 92 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–21, March 20, Control Signals, FHWA proposes to 2018, can be viewed at the following internet at the far end of the crosswalk at a website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ reorder the paragraphs and revise height of 7 to 10 feet above the interim_approval/ia21/index.htm. existing P3 to clarify that a minimum of pavement. FHWA proposes this change 93 ‘‘Driver-Yielding Results for Three Rectangular two signal faces shall be provided on to be consistent with existing provisions Rapid-Flash Patterns—Overview,’’ TTI, June 18, ramps that have one controlled lane as for accessible pedestrian signals in 2014, can be viewed at the following internet website: http://tti.tamu.edu/2014/06/18/new-rapid- well as ramps that have more than one Section 4E.11, which are based on flash-beacon/. ‘‘Driver-Yielding Results for Three controlled lane and the ramp control ‘‘NCHRP 3–62 Accessible Pedestrian Rectangular Rapid-Flash Patterns—Executive signals are operated such that green Signals: A Guide to Best Practices.’’ 91 Summary,’’ TTI, June 17, 2014, can be viewed at the signal indications are always displayed Further, FHWA proposes to add a following internet website: https:// static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/TTI- simultaneously to all of the controlled new Guidance paragraph recommending 2014-5.pdf. lanes on the ramp. that the audible beaconing loudspeaker 94 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4–376 (I), For locations where there is more at the far end of the crosswalk should December 9, 2009, can be viewed at the following than one lane on an entrance ramp and be within the width of the crosswalk. internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ resources/interpretations/4_376.htm. FHWA’s the ramp control signals are not In addition, FHWA proposes to add Official Ruling No. 4(09)-5 (I), August 12, 2010, can operated such that the green signal an Option to permit the sound level of be viewed at the following internet website: http:// indications are always displayed the accessible pedestrian signal walk mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/4_ simultaneously, FHWA proposes to split indication and subsequent pushbutton 09_5.htm. FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-17 (I), January 9, 2012, can be viewed at the following the requirements between two-lane locator tone to be increased by an internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ entrance ramps and entrance ramps extended pushbutton press. resources/interpretations/4_09_17.htm. FHWA’s with three or more lanes. For two-lane FHWA proposes these changes to Official Ruling No. 4(09)-21 (I), June 13, 2012, can entrance ramps that are separately improve accessible pedestrian signals be viewed at the following internet website: http:// mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/4_ controlled, at least two ramp control for pedestrians with vision disabilities. 09_21.htm. FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-22 (I), signals shall be provided for each lane. 432. FHWA proposes to add a new August 8, 2012, can be viewed at the following For three or more entrance ramp lanes Chapter numbered and titled, ‘‘Chapter internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ that are separately controlled, one ramp 4L Rectangular Rapid-Flashing resources/interpretations/4_09_22.htm. FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-24 (I), September 27, 2012, control signal shall be provided over the Beacons’’ (RRFBs) that includes three can be viewed at the following internet website: approximate center of each lane. FHWA new sections and provisions for the http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ _ _ proposes these changes in accordance application, design, and operation of interpretations/4 09 24.htm. FHWA’s Official with Official Ruling No. 4(09)–6(I).95 rectangular rapid flashing beacons used Ruling No. 4(09)-37 (I), October 9, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet website: http:// FHWA also proposes a new Option to mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/4_ expand the existing exception to the 90 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–26(I), 09_37.htm. FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)-38 (I), requirement of 8-foot minimum lateral January 25, 2013, can be viewed at the following October 22, 2013, can be viewed at the following internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ separation of signal faces for one-lane resources/interpretations/4_09_26.htm. resources/interpretations/4_09_38.htm. FHWA’s 91 NCHRP Web-Only Document 117A can be Official Ruling No. 4(09)-41 (I), July 25, 2014, can 95 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–6(I), January viewed at the following internet website: http:// be viewed at the following internet website: http:// 5, 2011, can be viewed at the following internet onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_ mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/4_ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ w117a.pdf. 09_41.htm. interpretations/4_09_6.htm.

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entrance ramps to apply to entrance beacons within the border of the sign. due to the potential lack of audible ramps with two or more controlled FHWA proposes this revision to clarify traffic cues. lanes. FHWA proposes this change for the existing practice and for consistency FHWA proposes adding a new consistency with single-lane ramps. with Figure 2E–27. Standard prohibiting the use of Further, FHWA proposes to change P6 FHWA also proposes to add a new vibrotactile and percussive indications from Standard to Guidance to provide Standard establishing eight-inch and in conjunction with audible information agencies additional flexibility in the twelve-inch as the two nominal devices at pedestrian-actuated Warning location and design of ramp control diameter sizes for flashing beacon signal Beacons at a pedestrian crossing. FHWA signals. indications in accordance with Official also proposes a new Guidance 436. In Section 4P.03 (existing 4I.03) Ruling No. 4(09)–7(I).97 recommending that, if used, the audible Operation of Freeway Entrance Ramp 439. In Section 4S.02 (existing Section message should be a speech message Control Signals, FHWA proposes to 4L.02) Intersection Control Beacon, that says, ‘‘Yellow lights are flashing’’ revise Standard P3 to prohibit the use of FHWA proposes to add a new Standard and should be spoken twice. FHWA flashing light emitting diode (LED) units requiring twelve-inch signal indications proposes these changes because the within the legend or border of signs to for Intersection Control Beacons facing vibrotactile and percussive indications inform road users that ramp control approaches where road users view both are reserved for the Walk indication. signal is in operation. FHWA also flashing beacon indications and lane- 441. In Section 4S.04 (existing Section proposes similar revisions to Section use control signal indications 4L.04) Speed Limit Sign Beacon, FHWA 4S.03 (existing Section 4L.03) Warning simultaneously or where the nearest proposes to delete the second sentence Beacon and Section 4S.04 (existing flashing beacon signal face is more than of P2 to provide agencies more Section 4L.04) Speed Limit Sign Beacon 120 feet beyond the stop line, unless a flexibility in arranging two or more to prohibit the use of flashing LED units supplemental near-side flashing beacon indications. FHWA also proposes to modify P3 to within the legend or border of signs to signal face is provided. FHWA also expand the provision beyond two signal inform road users that a regulation is in proposes a new Guidance indications to address situations where effect or that a condition is present. recommending twelve-inch signal four signal indications are used. FHWA believes that warning beacons indications for Intersection Control should be used to inform road users that 442. In Section 4S.05 (existing Section Beacons facing approaches where the 4L.05) Stop Beacon, FHWA proposes to a regulation is in effect and that flashing speed is 40 mph or higher or where LED lights within the border or legend change P3 from Standard to Guidance to post-mounted flashing beacon signal provide agencies flexibility in designing of the sign should only provide added faces are used. FHWA proposes these conspicuity to sign legends. and installing the Stop Beacon with the changes to increase the signal indication Stop, Do Not Enter, and Wrong Way 437. In Section 4Q.02 (existing visibility for the road users and for Section 4J.02) Design and Location of signs. consistency with provisions for traffic 443. In Section 4T.01 (existing Movable Bridge Signals and Gates, control signals. FHWA proposes to change P9, the last Section 4M.01) Application of Lane-Use 440. In Section 4S.03 (existing Section Control Signals, FHWA proposes to add sentence of P13, P16, and P20 from 4L.03) Warning Beacon, FHWA Standard to Guidance and change P12 a new Option allowing the use of a USE proposes to delete P5 requiring a LANE(S) WITH GREEN ARROW (R10– from Standard to Support to provide minimum of 15 feet and a maximum of agencies with more flexibility in the 8) sign in conjunction with lane-use 19 feet clearance above the pavement for control signals, for consistency with design of movable bridge signals, gates, warning beacons suspended over the and signs. Section 2B.62 (existing Section 2B.53). roadway. FHWA proposes this change 444. In Section 4T.03 (existing 438. In Section 4S.01 (existing Section because P2 in new Section 4S.01 4L.01) General Design and Operation of Section 4M.03) Design of Lane-Use adequately addresses clearances and in Control Signals, FHWA proposes to Flashing Beacons, FHWA proposes to accordance with Official Ruling No. revise Standard P4 to discontinue the change P6 through P10 from Standard to 4(09)–11(I).98 Guidance to provide agencies flexibility existing allowance of a beacon within FHWA also proposes to modify P11 to the border of a sign for School Speed in the design of lane-use control signals. specify that the BE PREPARED TO 445. In Section 4T.04 (existing Limit Sign Beacons. FHWA proposes STOP (W3–4) sign and a WHEN Section 4M.04) Operation of Lane-Use this change because under certain light FLASHING (W16–13P) plaque is the Control Signals, FHWA proposes to and weather conditions, the flashing traffic signal warning sign assembly that change the second sentence of P3 from beacon causes irradiation that can may be used with the Warning Beacon Standard to Guidance to allow agencies obscure the sign message if the beacon interconnected with a traffic signal flexibility in the duration of the Red X is within the sign or too close to the sign controller. signal indication display. legend. This proposal is consistent with FHWA also proposes to add a 446. In Section 4U.01 (existing research demonstrating the Guidance statement to recommend the Section 4N.01), retitled, ‘‘Application of phenomenon of irradiation or disability use of audible information devices with In-Roadway Warning Lights,’’ FHWA glare.96 FHWA also proposes a pedestrian-actuated Warning Beacons to proposes to relocate and change P3 from corresponding revision to Section 4S.04 assist pedestrians with visual Standard to Guidance to provide (existing Section 4L.04) Speed Limit disabilities. FHWA proposes this agencies additional flexibility in Sign Beacon. revision to provide additional assistance designing the height above the roadway FHWA also proposes to add surface of in-roadway warning lights. Interchange Exit Direction signs with 447. In Section 4U.02 (existing advisory speed panels as an exception 97 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–7(I), February 8, 2011, can be viewed at the following Section 4N.02) In-Roadway Warning to the Standard prohibiting flashing internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ Lights at Crosswalks, FHWA proposes to resources/interpretations/4_09_7.htm. add a Guidance statement 96 Information on the concept of irradiation and 98 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 4(09)–11(I), June disability glade can be viewed at the following 29, 2011, can be viewed at the following internet recommending audible information internet website: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ devices be used with In-Roadway doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2003.tb03080.x. interpretations/4_09_11.htm. Warning Lights to provide assistance for

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pedestrians with visual disabilities. Considerations,’’ FHWA proposes a transitions, and minimum dimensions FHWA proposes this revision to provide Support statement that describes the for dashed lines. FHWA also proposes additional assistance due to the challenges related to the interaction to recommend that raised pavement potential lack of audible traffic cues. between traffic control devices and markers not be used as a substitute for FHWA also proposes a new Standard DAS. markings and that decorative elements prohibiting the use of vibrotactile and FHWA also proposes to include a in crosswalks be avoided to minimize percussive indications in conjunction Guidance statement recommending any potential confusion for automated with audible information devices at In- agencies adopt maintenance policies or systems. Roadway Warning Lights. FHWA also practices that consider both the human 456. In new ‘‘Section 5B.03 Highway proposes new Guidance recommending vehicle operator and DAS technology Traffic Signals,’’ FHWA proposes to that, if used, the audible message should needs, and to use engineering judgment include a Guidance statement with a list be a speech message that says, ‘‘Yellow to determine traffic control device of considerations that should be used to lights are flashing’’ and should be selection and placement with similar accommodate machine vision used to spoken twice. FHWA proposes these consideration. support the automation of vehicles and changes because the vibrotactile and FHWA also proposes Support and benefit the performance of the human percussive indications are reserved for Guidance statements regarding the vehicle operator. The list includes the Walk indication and pedestrians fundamental principles and consistency along a corridor of traffic with vision disabilities could considerations to be applied in signal design and placement with misinterpret the device as an accessible evaluating traffic control devices and respect to approach lanes, and pedestrian signal. other maintenance to support of AV consistent LED refresh rates greater than technologies during maintenance and 200 Hz. Discussion of Proposed New Part 5 infrastructure improvements. In concert with this change, FHWA Automated Vehicles 453. FHWA proposes a new chapter proposes a Support statement describing 448. As part of the relocation of titled, ‘‘Chapter 5B Provisions for Traffic the challenges in achieving corridor- material related to low-volume roads to Control Devices’’ with sections based consistency necessary for other parts within the Manual, FHWA regarding signs, markings, traffic machine vision. Information is provided proposes to provide content and retitle signals, and temporary traffic control, as on the benefits of using vehicle-to- Part 5 Automated Vehicles. FHWA well as provisions for traffic control at infrastructure (V2I) technology for proposes all new content for this part. railroad and light rail transit grade traffic signal systems to address The purpose of this new part is to crossings, and traffic control for bicycle inconsistencies in a corridor. provide agencies with general facilities. 457. In new ‘‘Section 5B.04 considerations for vehicle automation as 454. In new ‘‘Section 5B.01 Signs,’’ Temporary Traffic Control,’’ FHWA they assess their infrastructure needs, FHWA proposes to include Support and proposes Guidance and Standard prepare their roadways for automated Guidance statements regarding signs. In statements regarding the use of signs vehicle (AV) technologies, and to the Guidance statement, FHWA and pavement markings to support the safe deployment of AVs. recommends that signs be clearly accommodate machine vision better and 449. FHWA proposes a new ‘‘Section associated to the specific lane/road to benefit the performance of the human 5A.01 Purpose and Scope’’ which which they apply, such as parallel roads vehicle operator in and through work contains a Support statement with with different speed limits and that zones. FHWA proposes that type of general information about AV information spreading practices be signs, spacing, and mounting height technologies, the MUTCD, and the employed to minimize informational should follow the requirements in Part purpose of the new part. load. FHWA also proposes that standard 6 and that the END ROAD WORK sign 450. In new ‘‘Section 5A.02 Overview sign designs be retained as much as should be used to establish the end of of Connected and Automated Vehicles,’’ possible. Finally, FHWA proposes that the work zone. FHWA proposes to include a Support the illuminated portion of electronic In the Standard, FHWA proposes statement describing various types of signs should have a standard refresh/ existing pavement markings be AV technology and sensors used by flicker rate, greater than 200 Hz. FHWA maintained in all long-term stationary AVs. proposes this language to accommodate temporary traffic control zones in 451. In new ‘‘Section 5A.03 Definition machine vision technology, while also accordance with other referenced areas of Terms,’’ FHWA proposes to include helping human drivers. of the Manual. FHWA also proposes a Support statement with several 455. In new ‘‘Section 5B.02 pavement markings match the definitions for terms used extensively in Markings,’’ FHWA proposes to include alignment of the markings in place at AV technology. The definitions Support and Guidance statements with both ends of the Temporary Traffic proposed are summarized from those a list of considerations that should be Control (TTC) zone and that they be found in the Society of Automotive used to accommodate machine vision placed along the entire length of any Engineers Standard SAE J3016.99 The used to support the automation of paved detour or temporary roadway proposed terms include: Automated vehicles and benefit the performance of prior to the detour or roadway being Driving Systems, Advanced Driver the human vehicle operator. Most of opened to road users. FHWA also Assistance Systems, Automation Levels, these considerations are addressed in proposes pavement markings in the Cooperative Automation, Driving more detail in Part 3 and references are temporary traveled way that are no Automation Systems (DAS), Dynamic provided to the primary Sections. These longer applicable be removed or Driving Task, and Operational Design considerations include uniform line obliterated as soon as practical. As part Domain. widths, the use of dotted edge line of this requirement, FHWA proposes 452. In new ‘‘Section 5A.04 Traffic extensions along all entrance and exit that pavement marking obliteration Control Device and Use ramps, along all auxiliary lanes, and remove the non-applicable pavement along all tapers where a deceleration or marking material, the obliteration 99 The Society of Automotive Engineers’ Standard SAE J3016 can be viewed at the following internet auxiliary lane is added, use of chevron method minimize pavement scarring, website: https://www.sae.org/news/2019/01/sae- markings in exit gore areas, continuous and painting over existing pavement updates-j3016-automated-driving-graphic. markings in work zones and in all lane markings with black paint or spraying

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with asphalt shall not be accepted as a easier for users to find the content they usable by individuals with disabilities substitute for removal or obliteration. need. In addition, FHWA proposes to to the extent that it is not structurally FHWA proposes these changes to delete text from various sections where impracticable to do so. The ADA also accommodate machine vision of AVs, such material duplicates or is very requires that, when an existing facility which might not have the capabilities to similar to existing text in other sections is altered, the altered facility be made distinguish between markings that within Part 6 or elsewhere in the accessible and usable by individuals appear to conflict with one another in MUTCD. These reorganizations and with disabilities to the maximum extent the same way that a human road user elimination of redundancies are feasible. Section 504 of the can. editorial in nature and do not Rehabilitation Act of 1973, generally Finally, FHWA proposes a Guidance significantly change the technical referred to as Section 504, includes statement to recommend provisions to content or meaning, except as otherwise similar requirements for public entities enhance the visibility of vertical panels, discussed below. that receive Federal financial assistance. tubes, and other channelizing devices, 462. Throughout Part 6, FHWA FHWA proposes to eliminate text that as well as markings, to accommodate proposes to make various editorial refers to a level of usage by pedestrians machine vision as well as human revisions to eliminate the use of with disabilities as a basis for taking vehicle operators. unacceptably vague and undefined certain accessibility-related actions 458. In new ‘‘Section 5B.05 Traffic terms, such as ‘‘reasonably safe,’’ because the need to comply with the Control for Railroad and Light Rail replacing such phrases with more ADA does not depend on the frequency Transit Grade Crossings,’’ FHWA appropriate language. with which the facility is used by proposes a Guidance statement 463. FHWA is proposing to revise pedestrians with disabilities. FHWA recommending that placement of signs several Guidance statements related to also proposes to eliminate text and markings be consistent within a sidewalk closure during construction suggesting that the accommodation of corridor at both passive and active and accessible pedestrian access. Under pedestrians with disabilities is highway-rail grade crossings. In Title II of the Americans with sometimes unnecessary. addition, FHWA proposes Guidance Disabilities Act (ADA), all State and 464. In conjunction with the recommending that V2I communication local governments are required to take elimination of existing Part 5 Low- be employed at a highway-rail grade appropriate steps to ensure that their Volume Rural Roads, FHWA proposes crossing. Finally, FHWA proposes a communications with people with to add a new Support paragraph in Support statement recommending signs disabilities are as effective as Section 6A.01 General regarding and pavement marking associated with communications with others. [28 CFR temporary traffic controls on low- railroad crossings and tracks that are no 35.160(a)]. Effective communication volume rural roads. FHWA also longer active be removed. FHWA means that whatever information is proposes to change the last two proposes this language to accommodate conveyed by or on behalf of a public sentences of existing P10 from Standard machine vision better and benefit the entity must be as clear and to Guidance, to make this information performance of the human vehicle understandable to people with regarding statutory authority to be operator. disabilities as it is for people who do consistent with similar information in 459. In new ‘‘Section 5B.06 Traffic not have disabilities. The ADA requires Part 1. Control for Bicycle Facilities,’’ FHWA public entities to furnish auxiliary aids 465. In Section 6A.02 (existing proposes a Guidance statement and services—which include the Section 6B.01) Fundamental Principles recommending that bicycle facilities be acquisition or modification of of Temporary Traffic Control, FHWA segregated from other vehicle traffic equipment or devices—where necessary proposes to add information on the using physical barriers where to afford individuals with disabilities an spacing and number of signs in the practicable and that road markings are equal opportunity to participate in, and advance warning area in order to needed to denote the end of a bike lane enjoy the benefits of, a service, program, address excessive queue lengths based that is merged with traffic. FHWA or activity of a public entity. [28 CFR on the findings of NTSB/HAR–15/02 proposes this language to accommodate 35.160(b)(1)]. The provision of Multivehicle Work Zone Crash I–95 machine vision better and benefit the pedestrian facilities in the public right- Cranbury, New Jersey.100 FHWA performance of the human vehicle of-way is generally recognized as a proposes to clarify the language in the operator. service provided by the public entity Guidance statement of paragraph 7 parts 460. FHWA proposes to reserve that owns such facilities. See, e.g., 3A and 3B pertaining to pedestrian Chapter 5C for potential future Barden v. City of Sacramento, 292 F.3d accessibility in accordance with 28 CFR provisions. 1073 (9th Cir. 2002). When sidewalks 35.160(a)(1), which requires a public are closed temporarily due to entity to take appropriate steps to Discussion of Proposed Amendments to construction, it is important for the ensure that communications with Part 6 Temporary Traffic Control closure to be communicated to applicants, participants, members of the 461. FHWA proposes to reorganize pedestrians in a manner that is public, and companions with Part 6 by dividing some existing long accessible to pedestrians with vision disabilities are as effective as chapters and sections into several loss. FHWA proposes to strengthen the communications with others. chapters and/or several sections, each language in Part 6 to address this need. 466. FHWA proposes to divide having a clearly understandable title, Under Title II of the ADA, all State existing Section 6F.01 Types of TTC and by moving certain material to new and local governments must operate Devices into two new sections, 6A.03 locations within Part 6 to consolidate services, programs, and activities, ‘‘TTC Devices’’ and 6A.04 similar information in one place. In including pedestrian facilities in public ‘‘Crashworthiness of TTC Devices.’’ some cases, this involves the proposed street rights-of-way, such that, when FHWA proposes to revise the Standard creation of new Chapters and Sections viewed in their entirety, they are readily that do not exist in the 2009 MUTCD. accessible to and usable by individuals 100 ‘‘Multivehicle Work Zone Crash on Interstate FHWA believes this proposed with disabilities. The ADA requires that 95, Cranbury, New Jersey, June 7, 2014,’’ NTSB/ HAR–15/02, can be viewed at the following internet reorganization would create a more a public entity’s newly constructed website: https://ntsb.gov/investigations/ logical flow of information and make it facilities be made accessible to and AccidentReports/Pages/har1502.aspx.

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paragraph in new Section 6A.03 in roadways open to public travel to 476. In Section 6D.05 (existing defining ‘‘traffic control devices’’ and enhance pedestrian safety. FHWA Section 6E.07) Flagger Procedures, the Support paragraph in Section 6A.04 further proposes to delete the existing FHWA proposes to revise P2 to reflect regarding crashworthiness to be second sentence of P22 about the Official Ruling No. 6(09)–16(I) 106 consistent with the revised definitions upstream leading ends of temporary related to the use of hand movements proposed for these terms in Part 1. traffic barrier because this information alone by uniformed law enforcement 467. In Section 6B.01 (existing is adequately covered in Section 6M.02 officers to control road users Section 6C.01) Temporary Traffic (existing Section 6F.85). approaching a TTC zone. FHWA also Control Plans, FHWA proposes to add a 472. In Section 6C.03 (existing proposes further revisions to P2 that are Guidance statement recommending the Section 6D.02) Accessibility intended to allow hand movements development of a TTC plan for any Consideration, FHWA proposes to alone by uniformed law enforcement activity, either planned or unplanned, eliminate the first portion of the second officers when directing traffic at special that will affect road users, because TTC sentence in existing paragraph 3 that events. FHWA proposes to add an plans for such activities are an refers to a level of usage by pedestrians Option to allow the use of a STOP/ important element of roadway safety. In with disabilities as a basis for taking STOP or SLOW/SLOW paddle in certain addition, FHWA proposes to delete the certain accessibility-related actions situations where appropriate, consistent last three sentences of the Guidance because the need to comply with the with a similar proposed Option in paragraph about pedestrians with Americans with Disabilities Act does Section 6D.02. disabilities because this information is not depend on the frequency with 477. In Section 6D.06 (existing covered elsewhere in Part 6. which the facility is used by pedestrians Section 6E.08) Flagger Stations, FHWA 468. In Section 6B.04 (existing with disabilities. proposes to change P1 from Standard to Section 6C.04) Advance Warning Area, 473. In Section 6C.05 (existing Guidance, since the required flagger FHWA proposes to change the second Section 6E.02) High-Visibility Safety station location may not achievable in sentence in P4 from Guidance to Option Apparel, FHWA proposes to update the some geometric conditions and signing to clarify the intent of the language. text to reflect the latest ANSI Standard would have to be relied upon. FHWA proposes this change to provide 107 dated 2015, per Official Ruling Nos. 478. In Section 6E.04 (existing Section flexibility for cases such as low-speed 6(09)–2(I),101 6(09)–4(I),102 6(09)– 6C.13) Pilot Car Method, FHWA residential streets. 12(I),103 and 6(09)–37(I),104 and in proposes to revise the Standard 469. In Section 6B.05 (existing concert with these changes proposes to statement to allow mounting of the sign Section 6C.05) Transition Area, FHWA delete repetitive information covered by on top of the pilot vehicle as well as on proposes to clarify the intent of the the ANSI standard. the rear, and to clarify that pilot car Standard Statement by adding that 474. In Section 6D.02 STOP/SLOW operations shall be coordinated with signs, arrow boards, and/or Paddle for Hand-Signaling, FHWA flagging or other control methods, as channelizing devices are the appropriate proposes to delete the second, third, and this is necessary for safety. FHWA also devices for directing road users from the fourth sentences of the Standard proposes to add a new Standard to normal path to a new path, except in the regarding the design details of this require a flagger to operate an case of short-term mobile operations. device, because those details are Automated Flagger Assistance Device 470. In Section 6B.08 (existing standardized and must comply with the (AFAD) in pilot car operations based on Section 6C.08) Tapers, FHWA proposes existing provisions of Chapter 2A. Official Ruling No. 6(09)–15(I) 107 to to delete the first sentence of Guidance FHWA also proposes to add an Option clarify that an AFAD is not a temporary P15, because the use of flaggers or to allow the use of a STOP/STOP or traffic control signal and should not be temporary traffic control signals is SLOW/SLOW paddle in certain operated in an automatic manner. covered elsewhere. situations where appropriate, to provide 471. In Section 6C.02 (existing additional flexibility. 479. In conjunction with the Section 6D.01) Pedestrian 475. In proposed Section 6D.03 Flag elimination of existing Part 5 Low- Considerations, FHWA proposes to edit for Hand-Signaling, FHWA proposes to Volume Rural Roads, FHWA proposes and change existing P3 from Standard to incorporate information about the color to revise P9 of Section 6F.01 (existing Guidance because advance notification of flags to allow an alternate color of Section 6F.02) General Characteristics of of a sidewalk closing is not always fluorescent orange-red based on Official TTC Zone Signs, to integrate possible, especially in emergencies, Ruling No. 6(09)–1(I) 105 to provide information about low-volume rural therefore it is not appropriate to require flexibility during emergency situations. roads and to reduce the speed below advance notification. FHWA also which minimum sign sizes can be used proposes to delete the second sentence 101 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–2(I), April from 35 mph to 30 mph. FHWA of existing P4 regarding adequate 1, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet proposes to change P10 of this Section pedestrian access in TTC zones to website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ from Standard to Guidance because _ _ eliminate repetition with Section 6B.03 interpretations/6 09 002.htm. there may be cases where it is necessary (existing Section 6C.03). In addition, 102 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–4(I), May 10, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet to deviate from standard sign sizes in FHWA proposes to add an Option website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ increments other than in 6-inches. statement about accommodating interpretations/6_09_004.htm. FHWA proposes to remove the pedestrians if a short-term work zone is 103 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–12(I), requirement in P14 for sign material to attended by project personnel, in order February 1, 2012, can be viewed at the following internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ have a smooth, sealed outer surface, to provide more flexibility while resources/interpretations/6_09_12.htm. maintaining pedestrian safety and 104 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–37(I), June 106 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–16(I), convenience. FHWA also proposes to 1, 2016, can be viewed at the following internet September 20, 2012, can be viewed at the following add a Guidance statement to website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ recommend designing TTC zones to interpretations/6_09_37.htm. resources/interpretations/6_09_16.htm. 105 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–1(I), March 107 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–15(I), minimize conflicts between vehicular 10, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet September 19, 2012, can be viewed at the following and pedestrian movements due to the website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ likelihood of high pedestrian presence interpretations/6_09_001.htm. resources/interpretations/6_09_15.htm.

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since such requirement is not Signs’’ publication, and the allowable a Guidance statement because appropriate for the MUTCD. alternate legends are covered by the new ‘‘significant amount’’ is not defined. 480. In Section 6F.02 (existing Section Option. 496. FHWA proposes to create a new 6F.03) Sign Placement, FHWA proposes 489. In Section 6H.07, retitled, section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section to remove the support statement of (existing Section 6F.22) ‘‘Lane(s) Closed 6K.02 Pedestrian Channeling Devices’’ existing paragraph 18 because NCHRP Signs (W20–5, W20–5a, and W9–3),’’ that contains information relocated from Report 350 is no longer a valid method FHWA proposes to change part of P2 existing Section 6F.63 plus new of determining crashworthiness. from Standard to Option because the Standard, Guidance, Option, and 481. In Section 6G.07 (existing allowable alternate legends are covered Support information specific to Section 6F.11) STAY IN LANE Signs by the new Option. FHWA also pedestrian channelizing devices. Within (R4–9, R4–9a), FHWA proposes the proposes to combine existing Section this new section, FHWA proposes to STAY IN LANE TO MERGE POINT (R4– 6F.23 The CENTER LANE CLOSED add a new figure, Figure 6K–2, 9a) sign to support the Late Merge AHEAD (W9–3) sign into this section illustrating an example of a pedestrian option in Section 6N.19. channelizing device, including hand- 482. In Section 6G.10 (existing since Section 6H.07 includes all the other lane closure signs. trailing for visually-disabled Section 6F.14) SIDEWALK CLOSED pedestrians. Signs (R9–9, R9–10, R9–11, R9–11a), 490. In Section 6H.08 (existing 497. In Section 6K.07 (existing FHWA proposes to delete the last Section 6F.24) Lane Ends (W4–2, W9– Section 6F.68) Type 1, 2, or 3 sentence in the support statement of 2a) signs, FHWA proposes the Merge Barricades, FHWA proposes to change existing paragraph 6 because it Here Take Turns (W9–2a) sign to the second sentence of P22 from contradicts the Standard in 6C.03 identify the merge point and to take Standard to Guidance, because Accessibility Considerations. turns merging during Late Merge ‘‘adequate’’ is not defined and cannot be 483. FHWA proposes to add a new applications. achieved in all geometric conditions. Section 6G.11 Turn Off 2-Way Radio 491. In Section 6H.24 (existing 498. FHWA proposes to revise Section and Cellphone (R22–2) Sign and Section 6F.39) UTILITY WORK Sign 6K.11 (existing Section 6F.72) relocate the information about this sign (W21–7), FHWA proposes to change P3 Temporary Lane Separators, to reflect (which is currently numbered W22–2) from Standard to Option because the the intended use of these devices more from existing Section 6F.42 to this new primary legend is specified in the accurately. FHWA proposes to revise section, because the sign conveys a ‘‘Standard Highway Signs’’ publication, the two Standard statements and to add regulatory message rather than a and the allowable alternate legends are a new Guidance statement to clarify the warning message. covered by the new Option. design if these devices and to indicate 484. In Section 6H.01 (existing 492. In Section 6H.25 (existing that temporary lane separators should Section 6F.16) Warning Sign Function, Section 6F.40) Signs for Blasting Areas, not be used to shield obstacles or Design, and Application, FHWA FHWA proposes to consolidate existing provide positive protection for workers proposes to change the last phrase of Sections 6F.40 thru 6F.43 since they all for pedestrians. FHWA also proposes to existing P2 (new P3) regarding relate to signs in blasting areas. FHWA revise P5 to reflect the intentional fluorescent yellow-green backgrounds also proposes to revise P2 to reflect the movement of temporary lane separators from Standard to Option to be change of the W22–2 sign to a regulatory in a TTC zone per Official Ruling No. consistent with Part 2. 109 sign because the sign is requiring an 6(09)–14(I). 485. In Section 6H.03 (existing action and not warning about a hazard. 499. FHWA proposes to revise Section Section 6F.18) ROAD (STREET) WORK 6L.01 (existing Section 6F.84) 493. In Section 6J.01 (existing Section Sign (W20–1), FHWA proposes to Temporary Traffic Control Signals to 6F.77) Pavement Markings in TTC change P3 from Standard to Option conform to proposed changes in Section Zones, FHWA proposes to change the because the primary legend is specified 4K.01. first two sentences of P4 from Standard in the ‘‘Standard Highway Signs’’ 500. In Section 6L.03 (existing Section to Guidance, because ‘‘as soon as publication, and the allowable alternate 6E.05) STOP/SLOW Automated Flagger practical’’ is not defined and legends are covered by the new Option. Assistance Devices, FHWA proposes to obliteration of pavement markings 486. In Section 6H.04 (existing add an Option for use of a new WAIT cannot always be complete and without Section 6F.19) DETOUR Sign (W20–2), ON STOP–GO ON SLOW sign significant scarring. FHWA proposes to change P2 from combining the messages of the two Standard to Option because the primary 494. In Section 6J.03 (existing Section existing signs, to provide additional legend is specified in the ‘‘Standard 6F.79) Temporary Raised Pavement flexibility. Highway Signs’’ publication, and the Markers, FHWA proposes to revise the 501. In Section 6L.05 (existing Section allowable alternate legends are covered required spacing for temporary raised 6F.60) Portable Changeable Message by the new Option. pavement markers in P3 and P4 to Signs, FHWA proposes to revise P19 487. In Section 6H.05 (existing simplify layout in the field by providing regarding the use of portable changeable Section 6F.20) ROAD (STREET) specific distances rather than equations. message signs to simulate an Arrow CLOSED Sign (W20–3), FHWA proposes 495. In Section 6K.01 (existing Board display, per Official Ruling No. to change P2 from Standard to Option Section 6F.63) Channelizing Devices— 6(09)–18(I).110 because the primary legend is specified General, FHWA proposes to add P10 502. In Section 6L.07 (existing Section in the ‘‘Standard Highway Signs’’ and revise P12 to reflect changes 6F.83), retitled, ‘‘Flashing Beacons and publication, and the allowable alternate associated with Official Ruling No. legends are covered by the new Option. 6(09)–11(I).108 Also, FHWA proposes to 109 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–14(I), 488. In Section 6H.06 (existing change existing P18 from a Standard to August 8, 2012, can be viewed at the following Section 6F.21) ONE LANE ROAD Sign internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ (W20–4), FHWA proposes to change the resources/interpretations/6_09_014.htm. 108 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–11(I), 110 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–18(I), second sentence of P2 from Standard to January 3, 2012, can be viewed at the following December 4, 2012, can be viewed at the following Option because the primary legend is internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ specified in the ‘‘Standard Highway resources/interpretations/6_09_11.htm. resources/interpretations/6_09_18.htm.

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Warning Lights,’’ FHWA proposes to recommend that lighting should be estimate. FHWA also proposes to revise relocate a portion of Standard P11 from sufficient so as to identify a worker P8 to include an explanation of safe existing Section 6F.63 pertaining to the clearly as a person and care should be positioning of emergency vehicles use of flashing warning lights in order taken to minimize the potential for arriving at an incident. This information to place this information in the shadows to conceal workers within the is currently included in Part 1 in the appropriate section. FHWA also work area. definition of the term ‘‘safe-positioned’’ proposes to revise existing P9 to clarify 509. In Section 6N.01 (existing but, as noted previously, the definition that the only allowable use of a series Section 6G.02) Work Duration, FHWA is being deleted since the term is only of sequential flashing warning lights is proposes to change P2 from Standard to used in Section 6O.01. on channelized devices that form a Guidance to allow flexibility in the 516. In Section 6P.01 (existing Section merging taper. definition of the five categories of work 6H.01) Typical Applications, FHWA 503. FHWA proposes to add a new duration at a location. proposes to add eight new Typical Section 6M.01 General, consisting of a FHWA also proposes to add a new Application figures along with notes to Support statement to introduce the Support to describe the rolling accompany them. New Figures 6P–47 proposed new Chapter 6M, in which is roadblock method for temporary traffic through 6P–51 illustrate and describe grouped the existing information control based on findings from the five different situations involving work concerning TTC zone design features NTSB H–17–2 Bus Crash-US 101 San impacting bicycle facilities, to and devices that are not traffic control Jose, California.111 supplement proposed new text devices. 510. In Section 6N.04 (existing information in Section 6N.04 (existing 504. In Section 6M.02 (existing Section 6G.05) Work Affecting Section 6G.05). New Figures 6P–52 Section 6F.85) Positive Protection and Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities, through 6P–54 illustrate and describe Temporary Traffic Barriers, FHWA FHWA proposes to add new Guidance, procedures for work at a roundabout. In proposes to change P4 from Guidance to Support, and Standard statements, to addition, FHWA proposes to revise the Standard to improve worker safety provide additional information for existing drawings and/or notes for the within the work zone. accommodating bicycles through TTC following existing figures in Chapter 6P FHWA also proposes to revise zones. (existing Chapter 6H): existing P8 and delete P9 and P10 to 511. In Section 6N.05 (existing a. Notes for Figure 6P–3 (existing broaden the description of movable Section 6G.06) Work Outside of the Figure 6H–3) Work on Shoulders: barriers. Shoulder, FHWA proposes to revise FHWA proposes to add a new Option 505. In Section 6M.04 (existing from Option to Guidance a sentence note regarding the use of positive Section 6F.74) Detectable Edging for about the use of a SHOULDER WORK protection devices. Pedestrians, FHWA proposes to sign if work vehicles are on the b. Notes for Figure 6P–4 (existing eliminate the first portion of the first shoulder, for enhanced safety. Figure 6H–4) Short Duration or Mobile sentence in P2 that refers to a level of 512. In Section 6N.13 (existing Operation on a Shoulder: FHWA usage by pedestrians with disabilities as Section 6G.14) Work Within the proposes to add a new option note a basis for taking certain accessibility- Traveled Way of a Freeway or regarding the use of positive protection related actions because the need to Expressway, FHWA proposes to add a devices. comply with the Americans with new Support on the spacing and c. Notes for Figure 6P–6 (existing Disabilities Act does not depend on the number of since in the advance warning Figure 6H–6) Shoulder Work with frequency with which the facility is area due to excessive queue lengths Minor Encroachment: FHWA proposes used by pedestrians with disabilities based on the findings of NTSB/HAR–15/ to add a new Option note regarding the and to correct the edging distance in the 02 Multivehicle Work Zone Crash I–95 use of positive protection devices. second sentence of existing P2 from 6 Cranbury, New Jersey. d. Notes for Figure 6P–7 (existing inches to 8 inches to be consistent with 513. In Section 6N.14 (existing Figure 6H–7) Road Closure with a new Section 6K.02 Section 6G.15) Two-Lane, Two-Way Diversion: FHWA proposes to revise 506. In Section 6M.05 (existing Traffic on One Roadway of a Normally existing note 10 from Option to Section 6F.86) Crash Cushions, FHWA Divided Highway, FHWA proposes to Guidance, to recommend rather than proposes to delete the last existing revise P2 to clarify that Opposing Lane merely allow the use of delineators Guidance paragraph about use of these Traffic Divider (W6–4) signs on flexible along the diversion. devices in accordance with supports are one of the types of devices e. Notes for Figure 6P–10 (existing manufacturer’s specifications and that can be used to separate opposing Figure 6H–10) Lane Closure on a Two- instead insert this into P5 as part of the vehicular traffic. Lane Road Using Flaggers: FHWA Standard statement, to consolidate 514. FHWA proposes to add Section proposes to add a new Option note information about design and use. 6N.19 Late Merge to provide Guidance regarding the use of positive protection 507. FHWA proposes to delete and Option statements to provide devices. existing Section 6F.81 Lighting Devices, consistency when utilizing the Late f. Notes for Figure 6P–11 (existing because such devices are not defined. Merge concept with lane closures. Figure 6H–11) Lane Closure on a Two- As part of this change, FHWA proposes 515. In Section 6O.01 (existing Lane Road with Low Traffic Volumes: to relocate two of the existing Section 6I.01) General, FHWA proposes FHWA proposes to add a new Option paragraphs to Sections 6L.07 and to include an explanation to incorporate note regarding the use of positive 6N.01.510. estimated time durations in the protection devices. 508. In Section 6M.08 (existing planning and training initial incident g. Notes for Figure 6P–12 (existing Section 6F.82) retitled, ‘‘Lighting for Figure 6H–12) Lane Closure on a Two- Night Work,’’ FHWA proposes to change 111 ‘‘Motorcoach Collision with Crash Attenuator Lane Road Using Traffic Control existing P4 from a Standard to a in Gore Area US Highway 101, San Jose, CA,’’ Signals: FHWA proposes to revise Guidance statement to reflect the intent NTSB Recommendation H–17–002 can be viewed at Standard note 4 by deleting the the following internet website: https:// requirement to use stop lines for to minimize glare caused by www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/_ floodlighting. FHWA proposes to add layouts/ntsb.recsearch/ intermediate-term closures, to provide two new sentences to existing P5 to Recommendation.aspx?Rec=H-17-002. additional flexibility. FHWA also

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proposes to add a new Option note note regarding the use of continuous to add a new Option note regarding the regarding the use of positive protection channelizers and a new Option note use of positive protection devices. devices. regarding the use of positive protection y. Notes for Figure 6P–35 (existing h. Notes for Figure 6P–13 (existing devices. Figure 6H–35) Mobile Operation on a Figure 6H–13) Temporary Road Closure: q. Figure 6P–25 (existing Figure 6H– Multi-Lane Road: FHWA proposes to FHWA proposes to add a new Option 25) Multiple Lane Closures at an add a new Option note regarding the use note regarding the use of positive Intersection: FHWA proposes to revise of positive protection devices. protection devices. the drawing in this figure to correspond z. Notes for Figure 6P–37 (existing i. Notes for Figure 6P–14 (existing with proposed changes in the notes for Figure 6H–37) Double Lane Closure on Figure 6H–14) Haul Road Crossing: the figure as follows. FHWA proposes to a Freeway: FHWA proposes to add a FHWA proposes to revise Standard note delete Guidance note 1 regarding new Option note regarding the use of 7a for completeness and clarity, and to placement of a LEFT LANE MUST positive protection devices. add new Standard note 7b and TURN LEFT sign. FHWA also proposes aa. Notes for Figure 6P–38 (existing Guidance note 11 pertaining to the use to add a new Option note regarding the Figure 6H–38) Interior Lane Closure on of actuated signal operation per Official use of positive protection devices. a Freeway: FHWA proposes to delete Ruling No. 6(09)–7(I).112 r. Notes for Figure 6P–27 (existing two Guidance statements regarding j. Notes for Figure 6P–15 (existing Figure 6H–27) Closure at the Side of an visibility of the arrow boards because Figure 6H–15) Work in the Center of a Intersection: FHWA proposes to add a the statements are not needed and not Road with Low Traffic Volumes: FHWA new Option note regarding the use of consistent with the notes of other proposes to add a new Option note positive protection devices. similar figures. FHWA proposes to add regarding the use of positive protection s. Figure 6P–28 (existing Figure 6H– an Option Statement to allow the use of devices. 28) Sidewalk Detour or Diversion: a truck mounted attenuator to improve k. Notes for Figure 6P–17 (existing FHWA proposes to revise the drawing worker safety. FHWA also proposes to Figure 6H–17) Mobile Operations on a in this figure to correspond with the add a new Option note regarding the use Two-Lane Road: FHWA proposes to add proposed changes in the notes for the of positive protection devices. a new Option note regarding the use of figure as follows, to correspond with bb. Notes for Figure 6P–40 (existing positive protection devices. text changes in new Section 6N.04 Figure 6H–40) Median Crossover for an l. Notes for Figure 6P–18 (existing (existing Section 6G.05). FHWA Entrance Ramp: FHWA proposes to add Figure 6H–18) Lane Closure on a Minor proposes to delete existing Standard a new Option note regarding the use of Street: FHWA proposes to add a new note 1 and replace it with five new positive protection devices. Option note regarding the use of Standard notes. In addition, FHWA cc. Notes for Figure 6P–41 (existing positive protection devices. proposes to delete existing Guidance Figure 6H–41) Median Crossover for an m. Notes for Figure 6P–21 (existing note 2 and replace it with two new Exit Ramp: FHWA proposes to add a Figure 6H–21) Lane Closure on the Near Guidance notes, and to add one new new Option note regarding the use of Side of an Intersection: FHWA proposes Option note. FHWA also proposes to positive protection devices. dd. Notes for Figure 6P–42 (existing to add a new Option note regarding the change the existing Guidance note 3 to Figure 6H–42) Work in the Vicinity of use of positive protection devices. a Standard in order to comply with 28 an Exit Ramp: FHWA proposes to add n. Figure 6P–22 (existing Figure 6H– CFR 35.160(a)(1). These proposed a new Option note regarding the use of 22) Right-Hand Lane Closure on the Far changes are to correct discrepancies Side of an Intersection: FHWA proposes positive protection devices. between the figure for Sidewalk ee. Notes for Figure 6P–43 (existing to revise the drawing in this figure to Diversion and other sections in Part 6. correspond with proposed changes in Figure 6H–43) Partial Exit Ramp t. Figure 6P–29 (existing Figure 6H– Closure: FHWA proposes to add a new the notes for the figure as follows. In 29) Crosswalk Closures and Pedestrian Option note 2, FHWA proposes to Option note regarding the use of Detours: FHWA proposes to add two positive protection devices. relocate the third sentence to Support new Standard statements and move the for consistency with the notes for other ff. Notes for Figure 6P–44 (existing existing Guidance statement 3 to a Figure 6H–44) Work in the Vicinity of similar figures. FHWA also proposes to Standard in order to comply with 28 add a new Option note regarding the use an Entrance Ramp: FHWA proposes to CFR 35.160(a)(1). add a new Option note regarding the use of continuous channelizers and a new u. Notes for Figure 6P–30 (existing Option note regarding the use of of positive protection devices. Figure 6H–30) Interior Lane Closure on gg. Notes for Figure 6P–46 (existing positive protection devices. a Multi-Lane Street: FHWA proposes to Figure 6H–46) Work in the Vicinity of o. Notes for Figure 6P–23 (existing add a new Option note regarding the use a Grade Crossing: FHWA proposes to Figure 6H–23) Left-Hand Lane Closure of positive protection devices. add a new Option note regarding the use on the Far Side of an Intersection: v. Notes for Figure 6P–31 (existing of positive protection devices. FHWA proposes to add a new Option Figure 6H–31) Lane Closure on a Street note regarding the use of positive with Uneven Directional Volumes: Discussion of Proposed Amendments to protection devices. FHWA proposes to add a new Option Part 7 Traffic Control for School Areas p. Figure 6P–24 (existing Figure 6H– note regarding the use of positive 517. As part of the reorganization, 24) Half Road Closure on the Far Side protection devices. FHWA proposes to consolidate Chapter of an Intersection: FHWA proposes to w. Notes for Figure 6P–32 (existing 7A into two sections numbered and revise the drawing in this figure to Figure 6H–32) Half Road Closure on a titled, ‘‘Section 7A.01 Introduction’’ and remove the optional temporary Multi-Lane, High-Speed Highway: ‘‘Section 7A.02 School Route Plans and markings and also to correspond with FHWA proposes to add a new Option School Crossings.’’ The two sections the proposed addition of a new Option note regarding the use of positive consist of provisions from existing protection devices. Section 7A.01 through Section 7A.04. 112 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 6(09)–7(I), June 1, x. Notes for Figure 6P–33 (existing 518. 520. In Section 7A.01 2011, can be viewed at the following internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ Figure 6H–33) Stationary Lane Closure ‘‘Introduction,’’ FHWA proposes to interpretations/6_09_7.htm. on a Divided Highway: FHWA proposes change existing P1 in Section 7A.04

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from a Standard to Support because the FHWA also proposes to change a proposes a new sign, ‘‘STOP FOR general information in this paragraph portion of Standard P3 in existing SCHOOL BUS WHEN RED LIGHTS describing the scope of Part 7 is more Section 7B.12 prohibiting the use of FLASH’’ to remind drivers of the appropriate as a Support statement. School Crossing assemblies on requirement to stop for school buses FHWA also proposes to delete approaches controlled by a YIELD sign when the flashing red lights on the existing Support P2–4 and the first to Guidance. FHWA proposes this school bus are in operation. FHWA sentence of P5 that contain references to change to revert back to the language in proposes this new sign in response to a other sections, chapters, and parts in the the 2003 MUTCD. NCUTCD suggested recommendation from the NCUTCD as Manual, because this text is this change because the language in the many States currently use variations of unnecessary. The MUTCD users are 2009 Edition that prohibited the use of regulatory word messages for this accustomed to knowing that other areas School Crossing assemblies on purpose. The new sign would of the Manual should be consulted approaches controlled by a STOP or a standardize the message for drivers. when working in Part 7, because school YIELD sign was too restrictive. An 525. FHWA proposes to retitle Section areas include signs, pavement markings, NCUTCD task force working on this 7B.06 (existing Section 7B.15) ‘‘School and traffic signals. FHWA retains the issue cited that the School Crossing Speed Limit Signs and Plaques’’ and reference to the School Crossing signal assembly provides beneficial guidance incorporate information from existing warrant, because it is specific to school to road users on approaches where Section 7B.16. areas. vehicles are not required to stop; FHWA proposes to change Standard 519. FHWA proposes to delete therefore, prohibiting their use where P3 in existing Section 7B.15 to existing Section 7A.03 School Crossing YIELD signs are placed could have a Guidance to allow flexibility on Criteria. FHWA proposes to delete negative effect on the safety of school required signing for fines in school Support P1, because the information is children. In conjunction with this zones based on engineering judgment. not needed in the MUTCD, and relocate change, FHWA proposes two new Many States have higher fines by statute P2 to Section 7D.01 in order to place Options allowing a School Crossing in school zones, work zones, and other information about gaps in traffic with Assembly on Yield approaches to locations; therefore, requiring the use of similar information in new Section roundabouts and channelized right turn the FINES HIGHER, FINES DOUBLE, or 7D.01 (existing Section 7D.03). lanes controlled by a Yield sign. Also, $XX FINE plaques could place an undue 520. FHWA proposes to consolidate FHWA proposes to allow a Yield Here burden on States and municipalities to and combine information from existing To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians (R1–5a sign for every location where there are Sections 7B.01 through 7B.07 into one or R1–5c) sign in advance of a marked increased fines. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section crosswalk on a multi-lane approach in Also, FHWA proposes to revise 7B.01 Design of School Signs.’’ FHWA a school zone in accordance with the existing Guidance P7 to recommend that proposes to delete Standards and provisions in Section 2B.20. the maximum beginning point of a Guidance that are covered in Section FHWA proposes to change existing reduced school speed limit zone in 2A.11 as the information is redundant. Options P4, P5, P6, and existing advance of school grounds is 500 feet. 521. FHWA also proposes to create a Standard P8 in existing Section 7B.12 to new section numbered and titled, The recommendation was suggested by clarify the application of In-Street the NCUTCD and based on the results ‘‘Section 7B.02 School Area Signs and Pedestrian Crossing (R1–6 or R1–6a) Plaques’’ using information from of research conducted on Speeds in sign, In-Street School Crossing (R1–6b School Zones.114 existing Sections 7B.08 through Section or R1–6c) sign, Overhead Pedestrian 7B.10. Lastly, FHWAproposes to add a new Crossing (R1–9 or R1–9a) sign, and 12- Guidance paragraph to clarify that FHWA proposes to change Standard inch reduced size in-street School (S1– P1 in existing Section 7B.10 to duplicate plaques for fines should be 1) sign may be used at school crossings omitted if other traffic violations in Guidance because many States have on approaches that are not controlled by higher fines by statute in school zones, addition to exceeding the speed limit a traffic control signal, a pedestrian are subject to higher fines based on work zones, and other locations. hybrid beacon, or emergency vehicle Retaining this as a Standard may have Official Ruling No. 7(09)–3(I). hybrid beacon. FHWA proposes these 526. In Section 7D.01 (existing an unintended consequence of placing a changes to eliminate any potential financial burden on States and Section 7D.03) ‘‘Qualifications of Adult confusion whether the various types of Crossing Guards,’’ FHWA proposes to municipalities to sign for every location beacons are considered unsignalized where there are increased fines; incorporate the existing Option from intersections. existing Section 7D.02. therefore, FHWA believes that the use of FHWA proposes to modify the name engineering judgment is more 527. In Section 7D.02 (existing of the In-Street Schoolchildren Crossing Section 7D.05) ‘‘Operating Procedures appropriate. sign to In-Street School Crossing sign to FHWA also proposes to add new for Adult Crossing Guards,’’ FHWA be more consistent with other signs that proposes to incorporate the existing Guidance, Standard, and Option it supplements and more accurately paragraphs to clarify the application of Standard from existing Section 7D.04. describe the use of the sign. Also, FHWA proposes to add a Higher Fines Signs and Plaques in Lastly, FHWA proposes to add an Standard requiring that the STOP school areas based on Official Ruling Option to allow an In-Street Pedestrian 113 paddle comply with the provisions for No. 7(09)–3(I). Crossing or In-Street School Crossing a STOP/SLOW paddle and provide a 522. FHWA proposes to create a new sign at intersections or midblock section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section reference to Section 6D.02 for crossings with flashing beacons. 7B.03 School Crossing Signs’’ by 523. FHWA proposes to retitle Section information. FHWA also adds a combining information from existing 7B.04 (existing Section 7B.13) ‘‘School reference to STOP paddles in Section Sections 7B.11 and Section 7B.12. Bus Stop Signs’’ and incorporate 6D.02. Note: this proposed new information from existing Section 7B.14. 113 114 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 7(09)–3(I), August 524. FHWA proposed to add a new FHWA/TX–09/0–5470–1, ‘‘Speeds in School 17, 2020, can be viewed at the following internet Zones,’’ can be viewed at the following internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ Section 7B.05 ‘‘School Bus Stop When website: http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-5470- reqdetails.asp?id=1150. Flashing Signs.’’ In this section FHWA 1.pdf.

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language is intended to state an existing FHWA proposes this change because paragraph regarding raised median requirement specifically regarding the there might be locations where traffic islands installed supplemental to an provisions of the STOP paddle and is signal priority or preemption is automatic gate to discourage road users not a new requirement. appropriate. from driving around a lowered gate. Lastly, FHWA proposes to delete 530. In Section 8A.03 (existing FHWA also proposes to add a existing Options P4 and P5 and Section 8A.02), retitled, ‘‘Use of Guidance statement discouraging the Standard P6 regarding the flashing Standard Devices, Systems, and use of two-way center left turn lanes in lights because it is redundant Practices at Grade Crossings,’’ FHWA the immediate vicinity of grade information that is contained in Section proposes new Standard paragraphs to crossings and recommending other 6E.03. require that the Diagnostic Team shall treatments. FHWA proposes this change reach a determination through Discussion of Proposed Amendments to because two-way left turn lanes at grade consensus, documented in an Part 8 Traffic Control for Railroad and crossings are problematic, especially engineering study, on new grade Light Rail Transit Grade Crossings when automatic gates are or may be crossing traffic control systems and on installed. Only extending gates to the 528. In Section 8A.01 Introduction, proposed changes to an existing grade center of the two-way left turn lane on FHWA proposes a new Support crossing traffic control system. FHWA both sides of the crossing insufficiently statement that the highway agency or proposes this change, consistent with 49 discourages road users in that lane from authority with jurisdiction, the CFR part 222, appendix F, because there circumventing the gates and is in regulatory agency with statutory are a large number of significant conflict with 49 CFR 234.223. This authority, and the railroad company or variables to be considered and no single practice is consistent with the American transit agency jointly perform the standard system of traffic control Railway Engineering and Maintenance- engineering study of grade crossings and devices is universally applicable for all of-Way Association (AREMA) Manual the traffic control devices that are grade crossings. for Railway Engineering (MRE),115 associated with them. FHWA proposes FHWA also proposes a new Option current edition and the AREMA this new language to encourage statement that general maintenance Communication & Signals Manual.116 coordination and cooperation between activities or minor operational changes 534. FHWA proposes a new section the appropriate knowledgeable parties to the grade crossing traffic control numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8A.07 of interest. system that do not have a negative Minimum Track Clearance Distance’’ to FHWA also proposes new Support impact on the overall operation of the provide Support statements regarding statements regarding grade crossing traffic control system can be made the minimum track clearance distance at warning systems, which complement without a Diagnostic Team. FHWA a grade crossing. FHWA proposes this the existing support statement about proposes this change to provide new section to describe more fully the traffic control systems at grade agencies with more flexibility and to applications of Minimum Track crossings. reduce the burden on Diagnostic Team Clearance Distance that are too lengthy 529. FHWA proposes a new section members for minor changes. and complex to be included with the numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8A.02 Lastly, FHWA proposes to add a new definition in Part 1. All uses of the term Highway-LRT Grade Crossings,’’ which Guidance paragraph to recommend that within other sections of Part 8 include is comprised of existing P8 through 12 the Diagnostic Team distributes the a cross reference to Section 8A.07 so of Section 8A.01. FHWA proposes to determination made regarding traffic that readers would know where to go to revise Item B to highlight that LRT has control system at a grade crossing to the find out how this term is applied. the right-of-way over other road users at Diagnostic Team members. FHWA 535. FHWA proposes a new section grade crossings and intersections in a proposes this change to encourage numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8A.08 semi-exclusive alignment, and to revise documentation of the decisions made Adjacent Grade Crossings’’ to provide Item C to highlight that LRT does not regarding traffic control systems at grade Support and Guidance statements for have the right-of-way over other road crossings. adjacent grade crossings. FHWA users at grade crossings and 531. In Section 8A.04 (existing proposes this new section, because it is intersections in a mixed-use alignment. Section 8A.03) Use of Standard Devices, important to treat closely-spaced grade FHWA proposes this change to provide Systems, and Practices at Highway-LRT crossings properly, which sometimes clarity regarding right-of-way at semi- Grade Crossings, FHWA proposes to result from separate railroads or a exclusive and mixed-use alignments. delete several Support, Standard, railroad and an LRT alignment FHWA also proposes a revised Guidance, and Option paragraphs, operating in parallel corridors. FHWA Guidance statement to recommend that because most of this text is now also includes a reference to Part 3.1.11 if a highway-LRT grade crossing is proposed to be incorporated into of the ‘‘AREMA Communications & equipped with a flashing-light signal Sections 8A.02 and 8A.03. Signals Manual’’ 117 for more system and is located within 200 feet of 532. FHWA proposes a new section information about adjacent grade an intersection or midblock controlled numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8A.05 crossings that are located within 200 by a traffic control signal, a pedestrian Engineering Studies at Grade Crossings’’ feet of each other. hybrid beacon, or an emergency-vehicle comprised of P2 through P4 of existing 536. In Section 8A.09 (existing hybrid beacon, the highway traffic Section 8A.02 and P5 of existing Section Section 8A.05) Grade Crossing signal should be provided with 8A.03 as part of the reorganization to Elimination, FHWA proposes a new preemption. FHWA proposes this group similar information together. change to encourage use of preemption FHWA also proposes a new Guidance 115 The ‘‘Manual for Railway Engineering’’ can be in such locations. statement recommending the factors to viewed at the following internet website: https:// Finally, FHWA proposes a new be considered in the determining which www.arema.org/AREMA_MBRR/AREMAStore/ Option statement allowing the use of traffic control devices are appropriate to MRE.aspx. 116 traffic signal priority or preemption if install at a grade crossing. The ‘‘Communications & Signals Manual’’ can be viewed at the following internet website: https:// determined to be appropriate by a 533. In Section 8A.06 (existing www.arema.org/AREMA_MBRR/AREMAStore/ Diagnostic Team when LRT vehicles are Section 8A.04) Uniform Provisions, Communications_Signals_2019.aspx. operating in a mixed-use alignment. FHWA proposes a new Guidance 117 Ibid.

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Option statement permitting an regarding the requirements of the sign Option to adjust the height based on engineering study to determine the costs size and based on Official Ruling No. local conditions and to accommodate and benefits of eliminating a crossing 8(09)–7(I).118 signs below the Crossbuck sign. FHWA that appears to be redundant or 541. In Section 8B.03 Grade Crossing proposes this change to clarify the unnecessary. In concert with this (Crossbuck) Sign (R15–1) and Number dimension shown on Figure 8B–2. change, FHWA proposes to add of Tracks Plaque (R15–2P) at Active and 542. In Section 8B.04 Crossbuck Guidance paragraphs recommending the Passive Grade Crossings, FHWA Assemblies with YIELD or STOP Signs engineering study and subsequent steps proposes to upgrade an existing Option at Passive Grade Crossings, FHWA for eliminating the grade crossing if it is to a Standard to require a minimum of proposes a new Guidance paragraph determined to be appropriate. This one Crossbuck sign on each highway recommending the use of a STOP sign replaces the existing Guidance approach to a gated highway-LRT grade at the Crossbuck Assembly where a statement about eliminating grade crossing on a semi-exclusive alignment. passive grade crossing is located at the crossings that cannot be justified. FHWA proposes this change to make stem of a T-intersection with inadequate FHWA proposes this new material to sure that road users understand why a clear storage area between the tracks provide practitioners with information gate is present. and the parallel roadway. FHWA also to assist with eliminating grade FHWA proposes to revise existing proposes that if a STOP sign is installed, crossings, which are a potential source Paragraph 5 to require the Number of consideration should also be given to of crashes and congestion. FHWA also Tracks plaque below the Crossbuck sign installing a YIELD sign at the highway- proposes to delete a Guidance paragraph where there are two or more tracks at a highway intersection. FHWA proposes that seemed to recommend that grade crossing, regardless of the this new text to provide practitioners engineering studies regarding potential presence of automatic gates. This with additional information for grade crossing elimination should be revision is necessary because the crossings with this geometry. conducted for every grade crossing. presence of two or more tracks at a FHWA also proposes a new Standard 537. In Section 8A.12 (existing crossing adds complexity for road users paragraph requiring a Yield sign and TO Section 8C.12) Grade Crossings Within and additional risks, such as in TRAINS (R15–9P) supplemental plaque or In Close Proximity to Circular situations in which trains occupy both when Crossbuck Assemblies are used Intersections, FHWA proposes to change tracks, where the tracks are spaced such within the limits of a highway-highway the Standard regarding an engineering that a vehicle could become stuck intersection controlled by a traffic study to determine queuing impacts to between the tracks, or where the control signal not interconnected with a Guidance statement to provide visibility of the second track is limited. the grade crossing and not preempted by agencies with more flexibility in the This revision would improve safety by the approach of rail traffic. FHWA also engineering study and design of grade providing uniformity for multitrack proposes to prohibit the use of a Stop crossings near circular intersection. crossings that would accommodate the sign with the Crossbuck Assembly in 538. FHWA proposes a new section expectancy of the road user. this situation. FHWA proposes this numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8A.13 FHWA also proposes to revise change for consistency with Section Busway Grade Crossings’’ to provide existing Paragraph 7 to reduce the 4A.08 (existing Section 4D.34) regarding Standards, Guidance, Support, and requirement for retroreflective white the use of stop signs with traffic control Option statements for busway grade material on the back of the Crossbuck signals. FHWA proposes to revise existing warning and crossing systems. FHWA sign to apply only to passive grade Paragraph 10 regarding YIELD and proposes this new section to provide crossings. FHWA proposes this change STOP sign mounting heights on standardization of traffic control devices because active grade crossings have for grade crossings of highways with Crossbuck Assemblies to require at least signals or warning lights for traffic busways. 5 feet in rural areas and at least 7 feet control device conspicuity. 539. In Section 8A.14 (existing in areas where parking or pedestrian FHWA also proposes new Standard Section 8A.08) Temporary Traffic movements are likely to occur. FHWA paragraphs regarding minimum lateral Control Zones, FHWA proposes a new proposes this change to provide clearance between the edge of the Guidance paragraph regarding consistency throughout the Manual Crossbuck sign and the face of a vertical temporary traffic control zones that regarding vertical mounting height. curb, edge of traveled way, and/or edge extend over grade crossings equipped FHWA also proposes to revise the of paved or surfaced shoulder. FHWA with automatic gates and either one-lane existing Guidance paragraph regarding a proposes this change to be consistent two-way or reversible lane operation is Crossbuck Assembly on a separate with the dimensions shown in Figure used. support than the Crossbuck sign, to FHWA also proposes to add a new 8B–3 for Crossbuck Assemblies and to clarify the recommended location of Guidance paragraph recommending the be consistent with Paragraphs 6, 7, and YIELD or STOP sign in relationship to preparation of a traffic control plan 8 of existing Section 8C.01. the Crossbuck sign and to clarify the when traffic is detoured over an existing FHWA also proposes a new Guidance lateral clearances from a curb or edge of grade crossing with passive warning statement recommending the Crossbuck traveled way. FHWA proposes this devices. FHWA proposes this change sign to be at least 12 feet from the center change to provide consistency because it is important to analyze traffic of the nearest track. FHWA proposes throughout the Manual regarding lateral safety during detours. this change to formalize the dimensions offset. 540. In Section 8B.02 Sizes of Grade shown on Figure 8D–2. FHWA also proposes to revise the Crossing Signs, FHWA proposes to FHWA also proposes a new Guidance existing Standards regarding the vertical clarify that the sizes shown in Table 8B– paragraph recommending the mounting strip of retroreflective white material on 1 are minimum sizes. FHWA also height to the center of Crossbuck signs a Crossbuck support to clarify that a proposes to change the minimum to be approximately 9 feet and an white retroreflective strip wrapped required size of a Yield sign at multi- around a round support satisfies the 118 lane conventional road grade crossings FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–7 (I), April 8, requirement as long at the round ″× ″ ″× ″ 2011, can be viewed at the following internet from 48 48 to 36 36. FHWA website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ support has an outside diameter of at proposes this change to provide clarity interpretations/8_09_7.htm. least 2 inches. FHWA proposes this

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change to provide clarity regarding the Skewed Crossing (W10–12) to be left in W10–14aP)’’ to provide Option requirements of the white retroreflective place after tracks are taken out of service statements describing where the NEXT strip and based on Official Ruling No. to warn road users about physical CROSSING (W10–12P) plaque and USE 8(09)–1(I).119 roadway conditions that are still NEXT CROSSING (W10–14aP) plaque 543. In Section 8B.05 Use of STOP present. FHWA proposes this change to may be mounted. (R1–1) or YIELD (R1–2) Signs without provide agencies with flexibility to 551. FHWA proposes a new section Crossbuck Signs at Highway-LRT Grade retain signs for a longer period than numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8B.24 Crossings, FHWA proposes to eliminate other traffic control devices at the ROUGH CROSSING Plaque (W10–15P)’’ the Guidance statement regarding LRT crossing. to provide an Option statement for the speed and replace it with a Guidance FHWA also proposes two new installation of the ROUGH CROSSING statement in Section 8D.04 (Use of Standards requiring that Emergency (W10–15P) plaque. Active Traffic control Systems at LRT Notification System (I–13) signs be 552. In Section 8B.26 (existing Grade Crossings) with recommendations retained at grade crossings that are out Section 8B.18) Emergency Notification for active traffic control systems where of service until the tracks are removed System Sign (I–13), FHWA proposes LRT operating speeds are less than 25 or covered. Emergency Notification changing P1 from Guidance to Standard mph unless an engineering study System signs provide emergency contact to require installing Emergency determines that passive devices would information for the railroad responsible Notification signs for all highway-rail provide adequate control. FHWA for the crossing. Retaining the existing grade crossings and all highway-LRT proposes this change based on the signs until the tracks are removed grade crossings on semi-exclusive stopping distance of LRT vehicles at would ensure a contact number is alignments. FHWA proposes this change speeds less than 25 mph and consistent available for road users to reach if there to be consistent with regulations with industry practice. is a safety concern or another issue that promulgated by the FRA.121 544. In Section 8B.06 Grade Crossing requires the railroad to be contacted. FHWA also proposes a new Standard Advance Warning Signs (W10–1 547. FHWA proposes new Option and paragraph requiring minimum width through W10–4), FHWA proposes to Support statements in Section 8B.16 and height dimensions, as well as modify the Standard statement to (existing Section 8B.23) to address number and letter heights for the remove the requirement at all highway- warning, selective exclusion, and detour Emergency Notification sign to be LRT grade crossing in semi-exclusive signing for additional vehicle types and consistent with new requirements alignments and add a condition that the combinations that may encounter hang- promulgated by the Federal Railroad warning signs are not required where up situations at low ground clearance Administration (FRA). FHWA also Crossbuck signs are not used. FHWA crossings. The proposed changes are in proposes changing the provision for the proposes these changes to reduce the response to NTSB recommendation H– sign to be retroreflective from Guidance number of locations where Grade 18–24.120 to a Standard to be consistent with Crossing Advance Warning Signs are 548. FHWA proposes to relocate requirements promulgated by the required at highway-LRT grade existing Section 8.17 LOOK Sign (R15– FRA.122 crossings. 8) to Section 9B.21 to allow the use of FHWA proposes an Option statement 545. In Section 8B.07 (existing a LOOK sign on a shared-use path or allowing the seven-character grade Section 8B.09) DO NOT STOP ON separated bikeway at a grade crossing. crossing inventory number to be shown TRACKS Sign (R8–8), FHWA proposes FHWA proposes this change because on the sign as a black legend on a white a new Guidance paragraph these signs are no longer to be installed rectangular background. FHWA recommending the use of a DO NOT to communicate with drivers, as the proposes this change to allow additional STOP ON TRACKS (R8–8) sign if a YIELD or STOP sign on the Crossbuck flexibility. traffic control signal is installed within Assemblies at passive crossings imply FHWA also proposes a new Guidance 200 feet downstream from a grade that motorists should look for rail statement recommending Emergency crossing such that highway vehicle traffic. An Option was also added in Notification signs be attached to the queues are likely to extend onto the Section 8E.03 for using LOOK signs for Crossbuck Assemblies or grade crossing tracks except where a pre-signal is pathways and sidewalks. signal masts on the right-hand side of installed. FHWA proposes this change 549. In Section 8B.20 (existing each roadway approach to the grade to improve safety at grade crossings near Section 8B.24) Storage Space Signs crossing. FHWA proposes this signalized intersections. (W10–11, W10–11a, W10–11b), FHWA recommendation to provide uniformity FHWA also proposes to revise proposes a new Standard paragraph that in sign placement. existing Paragraph 1 to separate the clarifies that the Storage Space sign Finally, FHWA proposes an Option provision into two paragraphs and to shall not be used as a replacement for statement to allow Emergency delete the text regarding an engineering the Advanced Warning (W10–1) sign Notification signs to be located on a study. FHWA proposes this change to and that the signs shall be mounted on separate post and permitting additional provide agencies more latitude in separate posts. FHWA proposes this Emergency Notification signs to be installing the R8–8 sign based on change because it is important that the installed at a grade crossing. 553. FHWA proposes relocating the engineering judgment. Advance Warning sign have priority pavement markings sections from 546. In Section 8B.08 (existing over the Storage Space sign. Chapter 8B and placing them in a new Section 8B.10) TRACKS OUT OF 550. FHWA proposes a new section Chapter 8C to make it easier for the SERVICE Sign (R8–9), FHWA proposes numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8B.23 reader to find text in the MUTCD. a new Option statement allowing Next Crossing Plaques (W10–14P and FHWA proposes a new section warning signs such as Low Ground 120 ‘‘Collision Between Freight Train and Charter numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8C.01 Clearance Crossing (W10–5) and Motorcoach at High-Profile Highway-Railroad Purpose and Application’’ to provide Grade Crossing, Biloxi, Mississippi, March 7, Support statements to describe the 119 FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–1(I), March 2017,’’ NTSB/HAR1801, can be viewed at the 10, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet following internet website: https://www.ntsb.gov/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ investigations/_layouts/ntsb.recsearch/ 121 49 CFR 234.311. interpretations/8_09_001.htm. Recommendation.aspx?Rec=H-18-024. 122 49 CFR 234.309.

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purpose and application of markings at roadway user made an improper turn FHWA also proposes to eliminate the grade crossings to provide context for and turned onto the railroad tracks Support statement in existing Paragraph the remainder of new Chapter 8C. rather than at an adjacent intersection 15 regarding LRT typical speeds through 554. In Section 8C.02 (existing immediately beyond the grade crossing. semi-exclusive and mixed-use Section 8B.27) Pavement Markings, In these crashes, an arrow pavement alignment because the statement does FHWA proposes a Standard statement marking denoting an exclusive lane was not add useful information. In concert incorporating an existing requirement located on the roadway between the with this change, FHWA proposes to that pavement markings be placed in stop line for the grade crossing and the relocate existing Paragraph 16 to the each approach lane on all paved track area.30. FHWA proposes a new beginning of the Section with the other approaches to highway-LRT grade section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Support statements. crossings where a Crossbuck sign is 8C.05 Edge Lines, Lane Lines, Raised 559. In Section 8D.02 (existing placed at the grade crossing. FHWA Pavement Markers, and Tubular Section 8C.02) Flashing-Light Signals, proposes this change in conjunction Markers’’ to provide Guidance, Option, FHWA proposes to add a Guidance with making the first three paragraphs and Standard statements regarding the statement, and an accompanying of this section applicable only to use of edge lines, lane lines, raised Support statement regarding the highway-rail grade crossings. FHWA pavement markers, and tubular markers placement of the Number of Tracks proposes this change as a conforming on an approach to a grade crossing. plaque with respect to the flashing-light edit, which would not change the FHWA proposes this addition to address backgrounds, as well as the Crossbuck existing underlying requirement. recent train-auto crashes in which a sign. FHWA also proposes a new Standard roadway user made an improper turn FHWA also proposes adding a statement that if pavement markings are and turned onto the railroad tracks Guidance paragraph recommending that used on a multi-lane approach to a rather than at an adjacent intersection if flashing-light signals are used, at least grade crossing, identical markings shall immediately beyond the grade crossing. one pair of flashing lights should be be placed in each approach lane that In these crashes, the roadway edge line provided for each approach lane of the crosses the tracks. FHWA proposes this stopped near the stop line for the grade roadway. FHWA proposes this change because pavement markings crossing and did not continue across the Guidance to provide uniform flashing serve an important function to warn track area. light signals across the roadway. road users of the presence of a grade FHWA proposes three Guidance 557. In Section 8C.06 (existing crossing and drivers will always be able paragraphs to provide text that supports Section 8B.29) Dynamic Envelope to see the full message even when traffic the dimensions for placement and Markings, FHWA proposes to delete the is stopped in adjacent lanes by having mounting shown in Figure 8D–1 Support statement describing dynamic the entire symbol placed in their own (existing Figure 8C–1). envelope markings because the lane. FHWA also proposes Guidance FHWA also proposes to delete a definition is covered in Part 1. paragraphs recommending that where portion of P5 recommending that the X FHWA also proposes to revise the the storage distance for vehicles symbol and letters at grade crossings to existing Standard statement to allow approaching a grade crossing is less be elongated. FHWA proposes this dynamic envelope markings to be up to than a design vehicle length, the change because the standard layout for 24 inches wide. This change is proposed Diagnostic Team should consider the symbol is already elongated. to provide agencies with more flexibility providing additional flashing-light Finally, FHWA proposes a new to improve visibility and to provide signals aligned toward the movement Guidance statement recommending that easier maintenance of the markings. turning toward the grade crossing. if supplemental pavement marking FHWA also proposes to add a new FHWA also recommends that the symbols are placed between the Grade Option paragraph allowing white cross- Diagnostic Team consider the use of Crossing Advance Warning sign and the hatching lines to be placed on the additional flashing-light signals to grade crossing, then the downstream highway pavement within the dynamic provide supplemental warning to transverse line should be at least 50 feet envelope as a supplement to the 4-inch pedestrians. FHWA proposes these in advance of the stop or yield line at normal solid white lines and in areas changes to provide additional warning the grade crossing. FHWA proposes this adjacent to the dynamic envelope where of the grade crossing. change to provide uniform placement of vehicles are not intended to stop or Finally, FHWA proposes to delete the the supplemental pavement marking stand. FHWA proposes this addition, as last Standard statement in this section, symbols and to avoid the appearance well as a figure with examples, to because the provisions are covered that the downstream transverse line is provide agencies with additional elsewhere. the stop line or that the downstream options to emphasize the dynamic 560. In Section 8D.03 (existing transverse line and the stop line form a envelope and discourage vehicles from Section 8C.04) Automatic Gates, FHWA crosswalk. stopping in the approach to the dynamic proposes a Standard requiring the width 555. In Section 8C.03 (existing section envelope. of the retroreflective sheeting on the 8B.28) Stop and Yield Lines, FHWA 558. In Section 8D.01 (existing front of the gate arm to be at least 4 proposes to modify the last Guidance Section 8C.01) Introduction, FHWA inches. FHWA proposes this addition to and Standard statements in this section proposes to add a Guidance statement provide an adequate width of material to clarify the location of stop lines recommending that when the automatic for visibility. where active traffic control devices are gate is in its upright position, no portion FHWA also proposes a Standard used. of the physical features of flashing-light statement requiring that except for the 556. FHWA proposes a new section signals and gates should be closer than continuously illuminated light at the tip numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8C.04 12 feet from the center of the nearest of the gate, the left-most flashing gate Lane-Use Arrow Markings’’ to provide a track. FHWA proposes this language to light in each additional pair of lights Standard and Guidance on the provide adequate vertical clearance in flashes simultaneously with the left- placement of lane-use arrow markings. the vicinity of the tracks and to hand light of the flashing-light signals FHWA proposes this change to address formalize the dimensions shown in and the right-most flashing gate light in recent train-auto crashes in which a Figure 8D–2 (existing Figure 8C–2). each additional pair of lights flashes

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simultaneously with the right-hand light necessary to ensure that vehicles can FHWA also proposes changes to of the flashing-light signals. FHWA clear the tracks safely without becoming Guidance to include additional proposes this addition to provide entrapped between the gates on the measures for situations where the traffic uniformity in flashing patterns between tracks while a train is approaching. signal is located farther than 200 feet the flashing-light signals and the In addition, FHWA proposes to add a from the grade crossing. FHWA flashing lights on the gate. Guidance statement recommending that proposes the change to provide FHWA proposes a Guidance exit gates be independently controlled additional information to agencies to paragraph with recommendations for for each direction of roadway traffic. improve safety at grade crossing that do the location of the tip of the automatic FHWA proposes these additions to not have preemption. gate arm when it is in the down position provide consistency with industry FHWA also proposes new Guidance relative to the center of the nearest practice. paragraphs to provide additional track. FHWA proposes this addition to Lastly, FHWA proposes to delete recommendations for the use of active support the dimensions shown in Figure existing Paragraph 17 because this grade crossing warning systems near 8D–2 (existing Figure 8C–2). recommendation resulted in exit gates traffic signals, the use of automatic gates Finally, FHWA proposes Guidance being located significantly further from at traffic signals with preemption, and paragraphs with recommendations for the grade crossing than the entrance the annual inspection of the preemption the length, height, and position of the gates. operation. FHWA proposes the changes automatic gate arm. FHWA proposes 563. FHWA proposes a new section to reflect industry practices resulting these additions to support the numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.07 from investigation of train/vehicle dimensions shown in Figure 8D–1 Another Train Coming’’ to provide crashes. Guidance and Support for a new traffic (existing Figure 8C–1). FHWA proposes a new Standard 561. FHWA proposes a new section control device to provide warning of paragraph that requires preemption numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.04 another train approaching a grade where traffic signal faces are located Use of Active Traffic Control Systems at crossing. FHWA proposes this addition within 50 feet of a grade crossing that LRT Grade Crossings’’ that replaces to provide practitioners with has flashing-light signals. FHWA existing Sections 8C.03 and 8C.05. information for uniform application. proposes this change to avoid display of FHWA also proposes active traffic 564. In Section 8D.09 (containing traffic signal indications that conflict control system Standards for highway- portions of existing Section 8C.09), with the flashing-light signal system. LRT grade crossings based on the retitled, ‘‘Use of Traffic Control Signals maximum operating speed of the LRT at Grade Crossings,’’ FHWA proposes an FHWA also proposes new Support vehicles. Where the maximum LRT edit to the Option that allows traffic and Option statements to provide operating speed exceeds 40 mph, active control signals be used instead of additional information about double- traffic control systems with automatic flashing-light signals to control road break and supervised circuits. FHWA gates would be required. Where the users at industrial highway-rail grade proposes this change to provide maximum LRT operating speed is crossings and other places where the practitioners with information to make greater than 25 mph but is less than 40 maximum speed of trains is 10 mph or the preemption fail-safe. mph, active traffic control systems less. FHWA proposes this change to FHWA also proposes new Guidance would be required and automatic gates include a specific train speed to statements to provide recommendations would be optional. FHWA proposes this improve clarity and to be consistent for locations with track detection change based on the safety experience of with FRA track classifications. circuits at passive grade crossings and modern LRT systems and to replace 565. FHWA proposes a new section left turn movements at a preempted paragraphs that were previously in numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.10 traffic signal downstream from a grade existing Section 8C.03. Preemption of Highway Traffic Signals crossing. FHWA proposes the changes FHWA also proposes a Guidance at or Near Grade Crossings.’’ Several of to provide agencies with statement with recommendations for the paragraphs in the proposed new recommendations for situations that are active traffic control systems where LRT section are from existing Section 8C.09. not addressed in the existing MUTCD. operating speeds are less than 25 mph FHWA also proposes new Standards, FHWA also proposes new Guidance unless an engineering study determines Guidance, Options, and Support and Support statements to describe the that passive devices would provide statements regarding traffic signal considerations and recommendations adequate control. preemption at grade crossings. FHWA for application of simultaneous and FHWA also proposes a Guidance proposes this new material to provide advance preemption. FHWA proposes statement with a recommendation not to consistency with the changes in the these changes to provide practitioners use a traffic control signal alone at industry resulting from the investigation with more information to improve locations that are not intersections and into the causes of the fatal train/school consistency in the application of 123 LRT speeds are above 20 mph. bus crash in Fox River Grove, Illinois. preemption. 562. In Section 8D.05 (existing FHWA proposes new Support FHWA also proposes new Standard Section 8C.06), retitled, ‘‘Exit Gate and statements about the systems that are statements regarding the end of the track Four-Quadrant Gate Systems,’’ FHWA involved in preemption. FHWA clearance interval. FHWA proposes proposes to add Support paragraphs to proposes the change to provide agencies these changes to prohibit the track clarify the difference between Exit Gate with additional background information clearance interval from being terminated systems and Four-Quadrant Systems. about preemption. too early in situations when there is FHWA also proposes a Standard variability in train approach times. statement to require the queue clearance 123 ‘‘Highway/Railroad Accident Report Collision FHWA also proposes a new Guidance of Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad time be long enough to permit the exit Corporation (METRA) Train and Transportation statement recommending the use of gate arm to lower after a design vehicle Joint Agreement School District 47/155 School Bus advanced preemption with exit gates. of maximum length is clear of the at Railroad/Highway Grade Crossing in Fox River FHWA proposes this change because Grove, Illinois on October 25, 1995’’ NTSB/HAR– additional preemption time is needed minimum track clearance distance 96/02, can be viewed at the following internet where a Four-Quadrant Gate system is website: https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/ for the safe operation of the exit gate present. This proposed Standard is AccidentReports/Reports/HAR9602.pdf. system.

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FHWA also proposes new Guidance proposes this change to provide the queue cutter. FHWA proposes the statements recommending the ability of agencies with additional information changes to provide agencies with traffic signal equipment to restart or and flexibility in the operation of a pre- flexibility to install signing that reservice preemption requests. FHWA signal. discourages road users from stopping in proposes this change to provide FHWA also proposes a new Standard the grade crossing. consistent preemption operation where statement to define the calculation of FHWA also proposes new Guidance train movements may stop or start on the queue clearance time. FHWA and Options for the operation of queue the approach to the grade crossing. proposes the change to improve safety cutter signals. FHWA proposes the FHWA also proposes a new Standard of road users by ensuring the queue change to provide recommendations for statement to prohibit the flashing mode clearance time is long enough to clear the safe and effective operation of the of a traffic signal from beginning until vehicles out of the grade crossing after signal. rail traffic has entered the grade the pre-signal indications turn red. FHWA also proposes new Standards crossing. FHWA proposes this change to FHWA also proposes new Guidance that require interconnection and prevent road user confusion that could paragraphs to provide recommendations preemption of a queue cutter signal. result in stopping on the tracks. for indications over turn lanes that FHWA proposes the change to require Finally, FHWA proposes a new extend from a downstream intersection uniform application and to prevent Standard paragraph to require through a pre-signal. FHWA proposes conflicting or confusing displays by the evaluation of the priority of preemption the change to avoid road user confusion queue cutter signal and flashing-light calls when both boats and trains operate between indications at a pre-signal and signal system. at a grade crossing. FHWA proposes this a downstream traffic signal and based FHWA also proposes new Guidance change to require agencies to resolve on Official Ruling No. 8(09)–19(I).124 and Support paragraphs to provide competing preemption requests. FHWA also proposes new Standards recommendations and information for 566. In Section 8D.11 (existing and Support paragraphs that require indications over turn lanes that extend Section 8B.08), retitled, ‘‘Movements agencies to use specific indications at a from a downstream intersection through Prohibited During Preemption,’’ FHWA pre-signal. FHWA proposes the change a queue cutter. FHWA proposes the proposes new Guidance and Option to improve safety by discouraging road change to avoid road user confusion statements that prohibit movements users from inadvertently turning onto between indications at a pre-signal and towards a grade crossing using traffic railroad or LRT tracks. a downstream traffic signal. signal indications and blank-out signs. Finally, FHWA proposes new Option FHWA also proposes new Standards FHWA proposes this change to provide statements for the location of pre-signal and Support statements to require more detailed recommendations and indications and additional signing. additional measures for situations information to agencies for the FHWA proposes the changes to provide where a turn lane from a downstream prohibition of permissive-only turn agencies with flexibility to install intersection is controlled separately movements, protected-only turn indications where they will be most from through movements at a queue movements and straight-through visible and effective. cutter signal. FHWA proposes the movements towards a grade crossing. 568. FHWA proposes a new section change to avoid road user confusion FHWA also proposes new Guidance numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.13 when different indications are displayed statements for the recommended use of Queue Cutter Signals at or Near Grade in adjacent lanes at a queue cutter signal LRT-activated blank-out signs. FHWA Crossings’’ for the placement and and based on Official Ruling No. 8(09)– proposes this change to improve implementation of queue cutter signals 19(I).125 consistency in the application of the near grade crossings. Finally, FHWA proposes new Support signs. FHWA proposes new Support and statements that provides information Finally, FHWA proposes a revised Option statements to provide differentiating a queue cutter signal and Standard that requires blank-out signs information about the application, and a queue jump signal. FHWA proposes used in preemption be activated only operation of queue cutter signals. the change to prevent confusion by when the preemption is active. FHWA FHWA proposes the change to allow users of the MUTCD. proposes this change to improve the agencies explicitly to install queue 569. FHWA proposes a new section consistent operation of the signs. cutter signals which are not addressed numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.14 567. FHWA proposes a new section in the existing MUTCD. Warning Beacons or LED-Enhanced numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8D.12 FHWA also proposes a new Standard Warning Signs at Grade Crossings’’ for Pre-Signals at or Near Grade Crossings.’’ paragraph that requires agencies to use the utilization, activation, and operation Several of the paragraphs in this specific indications at a queue cutter of warning beacons and LED-enhanced proposed new section are from existing signal. FHWA proposes the change to warning signs at grade crossings. Section 8C.09. improve safety by discouraging road FHWA proposes new Option and FHWA proposes revised and new users from inadvertently turning onto Support paragraphs to provide Standards that require red signal railroad or LRT tracks. information about the considerations indications to be displayed during FHWA also proposes new Options for and application of warning beacons and preemption. FHWA proposes the change the locations of queue cutter enhanced signs. FHWA proposes the to prevent conflicting indications indications. FHWA proposes the change to provide consistency in the use between the pre-signal and the grade changes to provide agencies with of these devices. crossing flashing-light signal system. FHWA also proposes a new Guidance flexibility to install indications where FHWA also proposes new Standard paragraph to recommend measures at they will be most visible and effective. and Support statements to require downstream traffic signals. FHWA FHWA also proposes new Guidance preemption interconnection to control proposes this change to reduce vehicles and Options for signing associated with the activation of warning beacons and queuing from a downstream signal 124 FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–19(I), 125 FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–19(I), through a grade crossing. November 5, 2014, can be viewed at the following November 5, 2014, can be viewed at the following FHWA also proposes revised and new internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ internet website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ Options for the green interval. FHWA resources/interpretations/8_09_19.htm. resources/interpretations/8_09_19.htm.

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enhanced signs at grade crossings. grade crossing. FHWA proposes these FHWA proposes all of the changes in FHWA proposes the change to improve changes, as well as the following this section to be consistent with other safety through the consistent and fail- proposed changes in Chapter 8E, areas of the MUTCD. safe operation of the devices. because additional focus has been 575. In Section 8E.04 (existing Section FHWA also proposes new Option and placed on accessibility for all modes of 8D.04) Stop Lines, Edge Lines, and Guidance statements to recommend the travel at grade crossings, and as Detectable Warnings, FHWA proposes a timing of warning beacon and sign ridership has increased on light rail, new Guidance statement and activation. FHWA proposes the change commuter rail, and passenger rail accompanying new figure to provide for consistent operation of facilities, pedestrian interaction with recommending that pavement markings the devices. trains has led to an increasing trend in be installed in advance of the pathway Finally, FHWA proposes a new pedestrian and rail incidents. grade crossing if pathway users include Guidance paragraph that recommends 573. In Section 8E.02 (existing Section those who travel faster than pedestrians the use of back-up power for warning 8D.02) Use of Standard Devices, and that a stop line be provided at a beacons and enhanced signs. FHWA Systems, and Practices, FHWA proposes pathway grade crossing if the surface proposes the change to reflect best a new Guidance statement where the marking is to be applied is practices for devices at grade crossings. recommending that the pathway or capable of retaining the application of 570. In Section 8D.15 (existing sidewalk user’s ability to detect the the marking. FHWA also proposes an Section 8C.10) Traffic Control Signals at presence of approaching rail traffic Option that allows a stop line to be or Near Highway-LRT Grade Crossings, should be considered in determining the provided at a sidewalk grade crossing if FHWA proposes to delete existing P16 type and placement of traffic control the surface where the marking is to be that recommends that all existing devices at grade crossings, and that a applied is capable of retaining the turning movements toward the Diagnostic Team should design and marking. highway-LRT grade crossing be develop the traffic control devices. FHWA also proposes Standard and prohibited when a signalized FHWA also proposes a Support Guidance statements, consistent with intersection is preempted and located statement and accompanying new existing provisions in Part 3, regarding within 200 feet of a highway-LRT grade figures describing the pathway and the design, implementation, and crossing. FHWA proposes the change utilization of detectable warnings based because the Guidance is redundant with sidewalk design that best enhances on ADAAG criteria and to provide new Section 8D.10. pedestrian safety at grade crossings. 571. In Section 8D.16 (existing 574. In Section 8E.03 (existing Section clarity for the new figures that address Section 8C.11), retitled, ‘‘Use of LRT 8D.03), retitled, ‘‘Pathway and Sidewalk this issue. These provisions are Signals for Control of LRT Vehicles at Grade Crossing Signs and Markings,’’ restatements of the existing Highway-LRT Grade Crossings,’’ FHWA FHWA proposes a new Guidance requirements of Part 3, which were proposes to delete Paragraph 1 statement to recommend a 10-foot previously referenced only in a Support recommending special LRT signal vertical clearance between overhead statement. FHWA proposes these indications for LRT movements in semi- traffic control devices and the pathway changes as conforming edits, which exclusive alignments at non-gated grade surface directly under the sign or device would not change the existing crossings that are equipped with traffic on pathways used by equestrians. underlying provisions. control signals. FHWA proposes this FHWA also proposes Standard 576. In Section 8E.05 (existing Section change to be consistent with the statements requiring that if overhead 8D.05), retitled, ‘‘Passive Traffic Control updated definition of a semi-exclusive traffic control devices are placed above Devices—Crossbuck Assemblies,’’ LRT alignment. sidewalks, the clearance from the FHWA proposes changes to the FHWA also proposes to delete the bottom edge of the device to the Standard paragraph, requiring a LRT traffic signal configurations in sidewalk surface directly under the sign Crossbuck Assembly to be installed on Figure 8D–3 (existing Figure 8C–3). or device to be at least 7 feet, and traffic each approach to the pathway or FHWA proposes this change to provide control devices mounted adjacent to sidewalk grade crossing when the agencies with more flexibility in the sidewalks that are mounted at a height nearest edge of a pathway or sidewalk design of LRT signal configurations. of less than 7 feet must be at least 2 feet grade crossing is located more than 25 FHWA proposes to add Guidance, laterally offset from the sidewalk. feet from the center of the nearest traffic Standard, and Option statements FHWA proposes this change to control warning device at a grade regarding the positioning of signal faces incorporate existing provisions of Parts crossing. used to control LRT movements, 2 and 4, which require a minimum FHWA also proposes a new Option requiring special LRT signal indications mounting height of 7 feet when a traffic statement allowing the retroreflective to be white, and providing the option to control device extends above the strip on the back of the support to be allow individual LRT signal sections to sidewalk. Restatement of these omitted on the Crossbuck support at a be displayed to form clustered signal provisions within Part 8 is necessary to pathway or sidewalk grade crossing. faces, or for multiple LRT signal minimize situations where pedestrians Finally, FHWA proposes a new indications to be displayed using a may hit their heads and become injured Standard statement and accompanying single housing. FHWA proposes these while walking under a sign, signal, or new figure requiring the minimum changes to improve consistency in the other device. height of Crossbuck Assemblies use of LRT signal indications. FHWA also proposes Guidance and installed on pathways or sidewalks to be 572. In Section 8E.01 (existing Section Option statements for utilizing and 4 feet where the lateral offset to the 8D.01) Purpose, FHWA proposes to mounting the LOOK (R15–8) sign and nearest edge of the sign is at least 2 feet include sidewalks in the provisions in the Skewed Crossing (W10–12) sign. and 7 feet where the lateral offset to the Chapter 8E (existing Chapter 8D). FHWA also proposes accompanying nearest edge of the sign is less than 2 FHWA also proposes a new Figure 8E– revised and new figures to illustrate the feet. The proposed Standard also 1 and accompanying text to illustrate application of signing and pavement requires the minimum lateral offset to and describe the difference between a markings for pathways and sidewalk be 0 feet for sidewalks and 2 feet for pathway grade crossing and a sidewalk grade crossings. pathways.

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577. FHWA proposes a new section 579. FHWA proposes a new section FHWA proposes this change for numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8E.06 numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8E.08 pedestrian safety at grade crossings Passive Traffic Control Devices—Swing Active Traffic Control Devices— where higher speed trains operate. Gates, Fencing, and Pedestrian Barriers’’ Signals,’’ for pedestrian signal heads, FHWA also proposes a new Guidance for designing and implementing swing flashing red lights, and other active statement to recommend an emergency gates, fencing, and pedestrian barriers. traffic control devices at pathway and escape route at automatic pedestrian FHWA proposes new Support and sidewalk grade crossings. Some of the gates. FHWA proposes this change to Option statements for the application of material in this section was relocated reflect industry best practices in the automatic gates and swing gates for from existing Section 8C.13 and has design of automatic pedestrian gates. sidewalk or pathway grade crossings. been reorganized to provide all relevant FHWA also proposes new Standards FHWA proposes the change to provide information for flashing-light signals at to require at least one red light on the agencies with more information for the pathway and sidewalk grade crossings automatic pedestrian gate arm and if consistent and safe application of these in one section. there is more than one red light, they measures. FHWA proposes new Standard and must be flashed in an alternating FHWA also proposes a new Guidance Support paragraphs that prohibit the use pattern. FHWA also proposes a new statement for the signing recommended of pedestrian signal heads at pathway Option to omit the red light if the on swing gates. FHWA proposes the and sidewalk grade crossings. FHWA pathway or sidewalk crossing is within change to provide pedestrians with clear proposes the change to improve 25 feet of the roadway grade crossing. messages about the use of the swing pedestrian safety and prevent user FHWA proposes this change for gate. confusion at grade crossings. consistency with Section 8D.03, while Finally, FHWA also proposes a new FHWA also proposes a new Option providing agencies flexibility where the Support paragraph and accompanying statement that allows the use of pathway or sidewalk grade crossing is in revised figure for the application of pedestrian signal heads at pathway and close proximity to automatic gates for fencing near sidewalk or pathway grade sidewalk grade crossings with LRT. the roadway grade crossing. crossings. FHWA proposes the change FHWA proposes the change to provide FHWA also proposes a new Option to provide agencies with information agencies with flexibility where the LRT statement to clarify that a separate about measures that improve the movements are controlled by a traffic pedestrian gate is not required if the effectiveness of automatic and swing signal. vehicular gate mechanism does not gates at sidewalk and pathway grade FHWA also proposes new Standards allow it to be raised by a pedestrian crossings. for flashing-light signals at pathway and raising the pedestrian gate arm based on 578. In Section 8E.07 (existing Section sidewalk grade crossings. FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–3(I).126 8D.06), retitled, ‘‘Active Traffic Control proposes the changes to provide Finally, FHWA proposes new Option Systems,’’ FHWA proposes new uniformity in the design and operation and Guidance statements to provide Standard paragraphs and accompanying of flashing-light signals. revised figure requiring an active traffic FHWA also proposes a new Guidance information about the use of horizontal control system at pathway-LRT and statement for use of pedestrian gates in hanging bars from a pedestrian gate arm. sidewalk-LRT grade crossings where situations where flashing-light signals 581. FHWA proposes a new section LRT operating speeds on a semi- have not been effective. FHWA proposes numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8E.10 exclusive alignment exceed 25 mph. the change to improve pedestrian safety Active Traffic Control Devices— FHWA also proposes to add a new at pathway and sidewalk grade Multiple-Track Pathway or Sidewalk Standard requiring an active traffic crossings. Grade Crossing’’ that contains the first control system, including automatic Finally, FHWA also proposes changes sentence of P1 in existing Section 8C.13. gates at pathway-LRT and sidewalk-LRT to an existing Guidance statement to Discussion of Proposed Amendments to grade crossings where LRT operating clarify that flashing-light signals are Part 9 Traffic Control for Bicycle speeds on a semi-exclusive alignment recommended along semi-exclusive LRT Facilities exceed 40 mph. Both proposed new alignments. FHWA proposes the change 582. FHWA proposes to consolidate Standards include an exception to omit to improve pedestrian safety at LRT existing Sections 9A.02 through 9A.04 flashing-light signals, bells, and other grade crossings which typically have into one section numbered and retitled, audible warning devices when the much higher volumes of pedestrians ‘‘Section 9A.01 General.’’ This section pathway or sidewalk grade crossing is and rail traffic. provides an overview of traffic control located within 25 feet of an active 580. FHWA proposes a new section devices on bicycle facilities and warning device that is equipped with numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 8E.09 describes some of the benefits and those devices. Active Traffic Control Devices— FHWA also proposes a new Option Automatic Pedestrian Gates,’’ for the limitations thereof. statement that allows additional pairs of design, utilization, and implementation 583. FHWA proposes to remove flashing-light signals, bells, or other of automatic pedestrian gates including existing Sections 9A.01, 9A.05, 9A.06, audible warning devices to be installed accompanying figures. Some of the 9A.07, and 9A.08 because they are not on the active traffic control devices at a material in this section was relocated needed. grade crossing for pathway or sidewalk from existing Section 8D.06 and has 584. FHWA proposes to replace and users approaching the grade crossing been reorganized to provide all relevant retitle Section 9A.02 ‘‘Standardization from the back side of those devices. information for automatic gates at of Application for Signing,’’ which Lastly, FHWA proposes a new pathway and sidewalk grade crossings includes Standard, Guidance, and Guidance statement recommending that in one section. Option statements from existing if there is space, a pedestrian refuge area FHWA proposes a new Standard Sections 9B.01 and 9B.02. FHWA or island should be provided between statement to require automatic proposes to change P4 and P5 in the tracks and the roadway where pedestrian gates, swing gates and 126 FHWA Official Ruling No. 8(09)–3(I), August railroad or LRT tracks in a semi- fencing for pathway and sidewalk grade 24, 2010, can be viewed at the following internet exclusive alignment are immediately crossings where trains are permitted to website: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ adjacent to a roadway. travel 80 miles per hour and higher. interpretations/8_09_3.htm.

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existing Section 9B.01 from Standard to signals and to avoid conflicts between movements from a bicycle lane are Guidance to provide agencies the bicycle signal indications and signs. permitted in order to prevent discretion in placement of sign supports 588. FHWA proposes to add a new operational problems. FHWA proposes to accommodate field conditions that section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section these additional statements to provide may require modifications during 9B.02 Except Bicycles Plaque (R3– uniformity in signing. design or sign installation. 7bP).’’ This section describes the use of 591. In Section 9B.08 (existing Lastly, FHWA also proposes to add an this plaque for circumstances where Section 9B.09) Selective Exclusion Option statement allowing 18″ x 18″ bicycles are exempt from regulatory Signs, FHWA proposes the deletion of warning signs that are only applicable to restrictions that apply to other traffic. the Standard requiring that Selective bicyclists and pedestrians. FHWA FHWA proposes new Standard Exclusion signs clearly indicate the type proposes this change to allow agencies paragraphs to prevent Except Bicycles of traffic that is excluded. FHWA to use smaller signs where appropriate. Plaques from conflicting with STOP proposes this change, because the 585. FHWA proposes to relocate and signs or YIELD signs and requires the Selective Exclusion signs specify the consolidate existing Sections 9C.01 and plaques to be placed below the user type, therefore a separate Standard 9C.02 into a replaced and retitled, regulatory sign that it supplements. statement is not necessary. Section 9A.03 ‘‘Standardization of FHWA also proposes new Figure 9B–1 592. FHWA proposes to add a new Application for Markings.’’ FHWA also to show examples of how the Except section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section proposes to remove Guidance about Bicycles Plaque can be applied. FHWA 9B.10 Back-In Parking Sign (R7–10).’’ using bikeway design guides because proposes this new section because there This section provides Option and the sentence did not provide any are circumstances where it is Support statements and a figure specific information. appropriate to exempt bicyclists from regarding the application of the FHWA also proposes to modify the regulatory restrictions applied to other proposed new R7–10 sign, which may existing Standard in Section 9C.02 traffic. be used where back-in angle parking is requiring reflectorized markings on 589. FHWA proposes to add a new required by motor vehicles due to the bikeways to require that pavement section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section presence of a bike lane. markings on bicycle facilities that must 9B.03 Advance Intersection Lane 593. In Section 9B.11, retitled, be visible at night be retroreflective Control Signs for Bicycle Lanes (R3–8 ‘‘Bicycles Use Ped Signal (R9–5),’’ unless the pavement markings are Series)’’ to provide Standard, Guidance, FHWA proposes a new Option to visible under provided lighting. FHWA Option, and Support statements for remind drivers making turns that a proposes this change to clarify when accommodating bicycle lanes on the Turning Vehicles Yield to Pedestrians retroreflectivity is required. R3–8 series of signing where determined (R10–15) or Left Turns Yield to Bicycles FHWA also proposes to add new to be appropriate. FHWA proposes this (R10–12b) sign may be used. Also, to Guidance paragraphs discouraging new section because improper increase uniformity in placement raised pavement markers with bicycle dissemination of this information can location, FHWA proposes new lanes or shared-use paths and also result in unwieldy sign designs or Guidance for the location and recommending that if raised pavement legends. The amount of information that installation of the R9–5 sign to markers used around bicycle facilities can be legibly displayed and recommend placement where bicyclists that they are not immediately adjacent comprehended by road users on signs or cross the street. to the travel path of bicycles. FHWA in signing sequence on the same 594. FHWA proposes to add a new proposes this Guidance because raised approach to an intersection is limited. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section pavement markers create collision The number and combination of 9B.12 Bicycles Yield to Peds Sign (R9– potential for bicyclists by placing fixed permissible movements by both the 6).’’ While this sign exists in Section objects immediately adjacent to the motor vehicle and the bicycle may be 9B.11 of the 2009 MUTCD, FHWA travel path of the bicyclist. numerous, thereby complicating the proposes to add additional Standard 586. FHWA proposes to separate cognitive task of the road user at a paragraphs regarding the application existing Chapter 9B Signs into three decision point. and use of this sign, along with a new chapters—retitle Chapter 9B to 590. In Section 9B.04, retitled, ‘‘Bike figure, to provide practitioners with ‘‘Regulatory Signs,’’ add a new Chapter Lane Signs and Plaques (R3–17, R3– additional information and to promote 9C ‘‘Warning Signs and Object 17aP, R3–5hP),’’ FHWA proposes uniformity in its use. Markers,’’ and add a new Chapter 9D changing a portion of the existing 595. In Section 9B.14 (existing ‘‘Guide and Service Signs.’’ In addition, Guidance regarding the placement of Section 9B.06), FHWA proposes to FHWA proposes to separate Table 9B– Bike Lane signs and plaques change the legend of the existing R4–11 1 Bicycle Facility Sign and Plaque periodically along the bicycle lane to an (Bicycles May Use Full Lane) sign to Minimum Sizes into three tables—Table Option in order to give agencies the ‘‘Bicycles Allowed Use of Full Lane.’’ 9B–1 for regulatory signs, Table 9C–1 discretion of sign placement when The standardized sizes of the sign for warning signs and object markers, developing a policy for the use of Bike would not change and the proposed and Table 9D–1 for guide and service Lane signs. As part of this change, legend would continue to be of signs. These changes are for consistency FHWA also proposes to allow the use of commensurate size for its application, with how signs are organized in Part 2 other regulatory plaques such as BEGIN ensuring adequate levels of legibility and to make it easier to locate bicycle- (M4–14) and END (M4–6) with Bike and recognition. FHWA proposes this related signs by sign type. Lane signs. change because the legend of the 587. In Section 9B.01 (existing FHWA also proposes adding Option existing sign, which was introduced in Section 9B.03) STOP and YIELD Signs statements allowing the use of a BIKE the 2009 edition of the MUTCD, (R1–1, R1–2), FHWA proposes adding a LANE plaque to supplement Mandatory conveys a warning message on a Standard that prohibits a STOP sign or Movement Lane Control signs in places regulatory sign while the proposed a YIELD sign from being installed in where only a single bicycle movement legend would be consistent with conjunction with a bicycle signal face. is permitted from the bicycle lane and regulatory signs that display notification FHWA proposes this restriction to to supplement Optional Movement Lane of vehicle codes governing rules of the provide uniformity in the application of Control signs where two or more road.

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In addition to this change, FHWA 600. FHWA proposes to add a new 606. FHWA proposes to add a new proposes to redesignate this sign from section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section R4–11 to R9–20. FHWA proposes this 9B.19 Bicycle Jughandle Signs (R9–24, 9C.05 Except Bicycles Plaque (W16– change to group this sign with several R9–25, R9–26, and R9–27 Series).’’ 20P)’’ to provide information regarding other proposed bicycle-related signs FHWA proposes the new section to a proposed new plaque that can be used with the R9 series designations. define a bicycle jughandle turn and to notify bicyclists that a warning sign 596. FHWA proposes to add a new provide Guidance, Option, and Support, is not applicable to them. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section as well as a new Figure 9B–6, that 607. FHWA proposes to add a new 9B.15 Bicycle Passing Clearance Sign illustrates signing for such locations. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section (R4–19)’’ to describe the use of this 601. FHWA proposes to add a new 9C.06 Bicycle Cross Traffic Warning proposed new sign. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section Plaques (W16–21P, W21–16aP)’’ to Option and Guidance paragraphs are 9B.20 Bicycle Actuation Signs (R10–4, provide information regarding a added to provide details on the use and R10–22, R10–24, R10–25, and R10–26),’’ proposed new plaque recommended for restrictions of this sign that is only created from paragraphs in existing use below a STOP sign in isolated allowed in jurisdictions that have Section 9B.11 and Section 9B.13. FHWA locations to alert motor vehicles of passed a law or ordinance specifying a proposes to rename sign R10–22 from unexpected bicycle traffic. specific passing clearance. ‘‘Bicycle Signal Actuation’’ to ‘‘Bicycle 608. FHWA proposes to add a new 597. FHWA proposes to add a new Detector.’’ Also, FHWA proposes to add section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section a Guidance paragraph giving 9C.07 Bicycle Lane Ends Warning Sign 9B.16 Bicycles Use Shoulder Only Sign recommendations on where to place (W9–5) and Bicycle Merging Sign (W9– (R9–21)’’ to describe the use of this Bicycle Detector signs. 5a)’’ to provide Support, Option, and proposed new sign that is an option to 602. FHWA proposes to add a new Guidance for two new signs, W9–5 and use on freeways or expressways. Also, section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section W9–5a that can be used to alert road FHWA proposes a new plaque R5–10dP 9B.21 LEFT TURN YIELD TO Bicycles users when a bicycle lane is ending or that is an option to use on freeways to Sign (R10–12b)’’ to provide information a bicycle merge is occurring. prohibit bicycles on ramps leading to an regarding the proposed new R10–12b 609. In Section 9C.08 (existing adjacent or parallel freeway. The Guidance provided in this section sign and refers the user to Section Section 9B.19) Other Bicycle Warning proposes that the Bicycles Use Shoulder 2B.53. FHWA proposes this change Signs, FHWA proposes an Option to use Only sign (R9–21) only be placed because road users approaching a a plaque displaying the legend IN ROAD adjacent to the on-ramp or entrance to signalized intersection with opposing (W16–1p and W16–1aP) with the the freeway at or near the location counter-flow bicycle lanes may not Bicycle Warning Sign (W11–1) to where the full-width should resume expect to yield to oncoming bicycles. communicate to bicycles and motor beyond the entrance ramp taper. FHWA 603. FHWA proposes to add a new vehicles that bicycles are in the road. proposes this sign because there are section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section The SHARE THE ROAD plaque has places where bicycles are permitted on 9B.22 Bicycle SIGNAL Signs (R10–40, been removed from the MUTCD based a freeway but are required to travel on R10–40a, R10–41, R10–41a, R10–41b).’’ on research indicating that road users an available and usable shoulder. FHWA proposes this new section in do not understand the intended 598. FHWA proposes to add a new concert with the addition of bicycle message. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section signal faces in the MUTCD. The 610. In Section 9C.09 (existing 9B.17 Signing for Bicycles on Freeways proposed Standard in this section Section 9B.26) Object Markers, FHWA and Expressways’’ to provide Standard, requires that a Bicycle Signal sign be proposes to delete existing P3 and P4 Option, and Support paragraphs along installed immediately adjacent to every regarding how markers are striped and with a new figure, for bicycle signing on bicycle signal face to inform road users instead reference Section 2C.69. freeways and expressways. FHWA that the specialized signal control face 611. In Section 9D.01 (part of existing proposes to add a new Bicycles Must is intended only for bicyclists. FHWA Section 9B.20), retitled, ‘‘Bicycle Exit (R9–22) sign that is required in proposes this new section to be Destination Signs (D1–1b, D1–1c, D1– advance of a location where a freeway consistent with past FHWA action and 2b, D1–2c, D1–3b, D1–3c),’’ FHWA or expressway becomes prohibited to proposed changes to Part 4 to establish proposes to change the Guidance bicycle travel. FHWA also proposes a uniform signal control indications for regarding the substitution of Bicycle new Standard requiring the No bicycles on a national basis, which Destination signs for vehicular Bicycling Sign (R5–6) be placed would improve bicyclist safety, destination signs to a Standard to be downstream from the ramp departure especially at locations where separate consistent with existing provisions in point where the prohibited segment of signal phases are provided for motor- existing Section 9B.02. FHWA proposes freeway or expressway begins. FHWA vehicle and bicycle traffic. this change to prohibit the use of proposes this new section to provide 604. In Section 9B.23 (existing smaller size Bicycle Destination signs uniformity in signing for bicycles on Section 8.17) LOOK Sign (R15–8), when the message is also intended to be freeways and expressways. FHWA proposes to relocate this section applicable to motorists as well as 599. FHWA proposes to add a new from Part 8 and allow the use of a LOOK address an existing conflict in the section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section sign on a shared-use path or separated MUTCD. 9B.18 Two-Stage Bicycle Turn Box bikeway at a railroad or LRT grade FHWA also proposes to add a new Regulatory Signing (R9–23 series).’’ crossing. Support paragraph regarding the FHWA proposes Standard, Option, and 605. FHWA proposes to add a new purpose of Bicycle Destination signs Support for the new sign as well as a section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section and example locations for placement. new Figure 9B–5 that illustrates 9B.25 General Service Signing for FHWA also proposes to add an required signing for two-stage turn Bikeways’’ to provide information Option statement to permit Destination boxes that are used to simplify the regarding General Service signs and signs and Street Name signs to be turning task for bicyclists at certain their applicability for bicycles as installed instead of or in addition to intersections. referenced in Chapter 2I. Bicycle Destination signs if the

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Destination or Street Name sign applies and Option statements, as well as a new for a designated or numbered bicycle to motorists and bicyclists. Figure 9D–3, describing the proper route to be installed at locations and In addition, FHWA proposes to add signing for numbered bicycle routes. distances other than those prescribed in an Option statement to permit the use FHWA proposes this new section to Chapter 2B based on FHWA’s Official of an oversized bicycle symbol as the provide uniformity in the numbering Ruling No. 9(09)–39(I).129 top line of a Bicycle Destination sign and signing of bicycle route systems. Also, FHWA proposes adding instead of individual bicycle symbols 615. In Section 9D.05 (existing clarification to the Guidance paragraph for each of the destination/distance Section 9B.21), retitled, ‘‘Numbered regarding the M4–8 plaque and that the lines. FHWA proposes this option to Bicycle Route Signs (M1–8, M1–8a),’’ sign color should match the color facilitate legibility on these signs and in FHWA proposes a new Standard to combination of the route for uniformity. accordance with FHWA’s Official require a bicycle symbol when the FHWA proposes a new Guidance Ruling No. 9(09)–20(I).127 Numbered Bicycle Route (M1–8, M1–8a) paragraph regarding minimum route Also, FHWA proposes Guidance to sign is used on a roadway so that the sign sizes to improve visibility. clarify that the bicycle symbol should be bicycle route can be distinguished from FHWA also proposes a new Standard to the left of the destination legend other numbered route systems. FHWA to require the Junction, Cardinal where the arrow is located at the also proposes new Guidance to clarify Direction, or Alternative Route auxiliary extreme right. the dimensions and placement of use of plaque be installed above the Bicycle Finally, FHWA proposes to add a a pictograph, if used, on these signs. Route sign, and the Advance Turn Guidance statement to discourage FHWA also proposes to relocate text Arrow or Directional Arrow auxiliary displaying travel times on Bicycle related to U.S. Bicycle Route (M1–9) plaque be installed below the Bicycle Destination signs. FHWA proposes this signs to new Sections 9D.02, 9D.04, and Route sign where both are used on the recommendation because travel times 9D.07. same sign assembly. FHWA proposes vary greatly by bicycle user speed and 616. FHWA proposes to add a new this new section to provide uniformity experience. Further, in terms of bike section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section in placement of auxiliary plaques on travel, the travel time does not provide 9D.06 Non-Numbered Bicycle Route sign assemblies. any useful information that a distance Sign (M1–8b, M1–8c)’’ to provide Also, FHWA proposes to delete the would not already provide. Support, Option, Standard, and Option statement regarding destination 612. FHWA proposes to create a new Guidance statements on the use and sign mounting because it is redundant section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section design of the Non-Numbered Bicycle with Paragraph 4 of existing Section 9D.02 BIKE ROUTE Guide Signs (D11– Route (M1–8b, M1–8c) sign. FHWA 9D.20. 1, D11–1c, D11–1d, D11–1e, D11–1f, proposes this new section to provide FHWA proposes a new Standard D11–1g)’’ that contains relocated information for signing bicycle routes regarding the usage of Bicycle Route paragraphs from existing Section 9B.20 that are designated specifically by name Sign assembly that shall consist of a and new D11–1d, D11–1e, D11–1f, and or established using a distinctive route route sign and auxiliary sign. FHWA D11–1g signs. FHWA proposes to add identity but are excluded from a proposes this new Standard to improve these new signs to provide alternative numbered route system. uniformity and for consistency with layouts and eliminate the potential need 617. FHWA proposes to add a new provisions for other Route Sign for an additional, separate sign on the section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section assemblies, which provide positive same post. 9D.07 U.S. Bicycle Route Sign (M1–9)’’ direction to road users. FHWA also proposes to add a containing paragraphs from existing Also, FHWA proposes Guidance to Guidance statement to discourage Section 9B.21. FHWA also proposes to clarify that Bicycle Route Sign displaying travel times on BIKE ROUTE change the M1–9 sign layout in assemblies should be installed on all Guide signs or Alternative BIKE ROUTE accordance with FHWA Interim approaches where bicycle routes meet guide signs in concert with the Approval IA–15.128 other bicycle routes. This Guidance proposed change in Section 9D.01 618. In Section 9D.08 (existing would improve bicycle network (existing Section 9B.20). Section 9B.22) Bicycle Route Sign wayfinding. 613. FHWA proposes to add a new Auxiliary Plaques, FHWA proposes a In addition, FHWA proposes new a section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section new Standard to require the route sign Standard regarding the arrangement of 9D.03 BIKE ROUTE Plaque (D11–1bP)’’ and auxiliary plaques for bikeways to be information displayed on groups of to provide two new Options for installed on independent assemblies if a assemblies for bicycle routes to improve installing the D11–1bP plaque to designated or numbered bicycle route is uniformity and consistency with supplement the Alternative BIKE concurrent with a numbered highway. existing provisions for other types of ROUTE Guide (D11–1c) sign and a FHWA proposes this change to assemblies, which facilitates recognition Street Name (D3–1) sign, in addition to minimize road user confusion in route by the road user. FHWA proposes a new the Option contained in P3 of existing signing. Option allowing Bicycle Route Sign Section 9B.25 to supplement the Bicycle FHWA also proposes to add a assemblies to be installed on common Directional (D11–1a) sign. FHWA also Standard prohibiting installing route supports with numbered highway routes proposes to add three new Standards signs for bikeways on guide signs or to reduce sign clutter. regarding the use of the proposed new overhead because these signs are Also, FHWA proposes new Standard sign. typically intended for motorists and and Option statements for the required 614. FHWA proposes to add a new bicyclists may not expect or be able to signing of the Junction assembly and the section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section view the legends. optional placement in advance of an 9D.04 Numbered Bikeway Systems’’ to In addition, FHWA proposes to add intersection to improvement uniformity provide Support, Guidance, Standard, an Option permitting route assemblies and wayfinding for bicyclists.

127 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 9(09)–20(I), July 128 FHWA’s Interim Approval IA–15, June 1, 129 FHWA’s Official Ruling No. 9(09)–39(I), 29, 2011, can be viewed at the following internet 2012, can be viewed at the following internet December 26, 2012, can be viewed at the following website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/ internet website: http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/ interpretations/9_09_20.htm. interim_approval/ia15/index.htm. resources/interpretations/9_09_39.htm.

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Finally, FHWA proposes new retroreflective and limits the use of FHWA proposes a new Option Standard, Guidance, Option, and symbols to allowable modes on the statement to allow a bicycle lane to be Support statements for bicycle route path. FHWA also proposes new located on the outside of a turn lane if signs regarding the use and layout of Standards related to sign content and a bicycle signal face is used and the Directional signs or Directional layout requirements, including arrows, signal phasing and signing eliminates assemblies to improve uniformity and lettering, and pictographs. FHWA potential conflicts. wayfinding for bicyclists. proposes this new section to provide FHWA also proposes a new Standard 619. In Section 9D.09 (existing practitioners information for shared-use that requires bicycle lanes located at an Section 9B.23), retitled, ‘‘Bicycle path signing, the need for which has intersection approach between Parking Signs (D4–3, D4–4),’’ FHWA increased in recent years, as evidenced contiguous lanes for motor vehicle proposes to delete the Standard by an increasing number of technical movements be marked with a bicycle regarding the color of the legend and inquiries that FHWA has answered symbol and arrow pavement markings. border because the color for guide signs regarding this type of signing. FHWA also proposes a Standard to is covered elsewhere. 622. FHWA proposes to add a new prohibit bicycle lanes from being FHWA also proposes to add an section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section marked as contiguous with a general Option permitting a new Bicycle- 9D.13 Two-Stage Bicycle Turn Box purpose turn lane, either with dotted or Sharing Station (D4–4) sign to be Guide Signing (D11–20 series)’’ with any other line markings. FHWA installed to provide directional Standard, Option, and Support proposes these additions to alert motor information to a designated bicycle statements related to the use of the vehicles of the presence of bicyclists sharing system. FHWA proposes to add guide signs for two-stage bicycle turn and prevent potential conflicts. a Guidance recommending that, if used, boxes. FHWA also proposes a new In addition, FHWA proposes Option, the Bicycle-Sharing Station sign should Figure 9D–6 that illustrates the guide Guidance, and Support statements for be used in conjunction with a regulated signing for two-stage turn boxes that are shifting over of buffer separated or bicycle-sharing system. FHWA proposes used to simplify the turning task for separated bike lanes at intersections to these changes to establish uniformity bicyclists at certain intersections. improve visibility for motor vehicles with signing for these new bicycle 623. In Section 9E.01 (part of existing and bicycles to account for facilities. Section 9C.04), retitled, ‘‘Bicycle developments in bicycle facility design In addition, FHWA proposes to add a Lanes,’’ FHWA proposes to revise the since 2009 edition of the MUTCD. new Standard reiterating existing Standard to require the use of bicycle Finally, FHWA proposes new Option, prohibitions on promotional lane symbol or word markings, in Standard, and Support statements and a advertising, business logos, or other addition to longitudinal pavement new figure to provide an option and identification that would convey the markings, to define bicycle lanes. In requirements for the use of mixing involvement of a public-private concert with this change, FHWA zones, which are when general purpose partnership, in accordance with the proposes to add an Option statement and bike lanes must share the same existing provisions of Section 1A.02 that permitting the use of the word marking space through an intersection. prohibit promotional advertising on BIKE LANE as an alternative to the 625. FHWA proposes a new section traffic control devices. bicycle symbol. FHWA proposes these numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.03 620. In Section 9D.10 (existing changes to inform road users of the Extensions of Bicycle Lanes through Section 9B.24) Reference Location Signs bicycle lane and to reduce wrong-way Intersections’’ to provide Support, (D10–1 through D10–3) and bicycling. Standard, Guidance, and Option Intermediate Reference Location Signs In addition, FHWA proposes adding statements on the application of bicycle (D10–1a through D10–3a), FHWA clarification to the Guidance regarding lane extensions. In this section, FHWA proposes to delete existing Standard P5 the placement of the first symbol or proposes to clarify that shared-lane regarding the design of reference word denoting a bicycle lane. This markings and chevrons shall not be location signs because minimum sign proposed change makes the bicycle used through intersections. This is not sizes are specified in the existing table markings consistent with preferential a new Standard, rather a clarification of and sign designs are standardized and lane word and symbol markings. the Standard in existing Section 9C.07 must comply with the existing FHWA also proposes a new Option and of the use of chevrons. FHWA provisions of Chapter 2A. allowing the use of arrow markings in proposes new Standard statements FHWA also proposes to change conjunction with the bicycle lane requiring only dotted lane lines for existing P4 and P6 regarding the use of symbol or word markings. extensions of bike lanes through decimal points and a zero numeral on Finally, FHWA proposes to add a intersections, and requiring lane the integer mile point on intermediate Standard prohibiting the bicycle symbol extension markings to extend buffer- reference location signs and the or BIKE LANE pavement word marking separated or separated bicycle lanes placement of reference location signs and the pavement marking arrow in a through intersections and driveways. As from a Standard to a Guidance to shoulder. FHWA also proposes to part of these changes, FHWA proposes provide agencies flexibility in mile require that a portion of the travel way Support and Guidance statements point displays and sign placement. cannot be established as both a shoulder regarding pavement markings for 621. FHWA proposes to add a new and a bicycle lane because each serves bicycle lanes through intersections. section numbered and titled, ‘‘Section a different use and has differing FHWA also adds a Standard requiring 9D.12 Destination Guide Signs for regulations that apply. The uniform the lateral limits of bicycle lane Shared-Use Paths (D11–10a, D11–10b, marking of each type would minimize extensions through intersections when D11–10c)’’ to provide Support, any confusion and accommodate the the bicycle lane is contiguous to a Standard, Guidance, and Option expectancy of the road user. crosswalk. FHWA proposes this new statements regarding the application of 624. FHWA proposes a new section section because the uniform application Destination Guide signs for shared-use numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.02 of extensions of bicycle lanes through paths. FHWA proposes new Standards Bicycle Lanes at Intersection intersections assists all users of the that require the destination guide signs Approaches,’’ which contains material intersection in identifying where on shared-use paths, when used, to be from existing Section 9C.04. bicyclists are expected to operate.

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626. FHWA proposes a new section efficient operation of the bicycle lanes bike lane or separate bikeway on numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.04 by reducing conflicts between bicycles approach to the intersection. FHWA Bicycle Lanes at Driveways’’ to provide and pedestrians accessing parked proposes this new section to provide options for bicycle lanes at or through vehicles, and between bicycles and practitioners discretion when driveways. FHWA proposes this new motor vehicles turning across their path developing a policy for the use of the section to provide practitioners with on separate traffic signal phases. shared-lane markings on intersection options for marking bicycle lanes in the 630. FHWA proposes a new section approaches. vicinity of driveways and to promote numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.08 632. FHWA proposes a new section the uniform application of these Counter-Flow Bicycle Lanes’’ to provide numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.10 treatments. Support, Standard, and Guidance Shared-Lane Markings for Circular 627. FHWA proposes a new section statements, along with a new figure, for Intersections’’ to provide Guidance and numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.05 the application of counter-flow bicycle Support statements recommending that Bicycle Lanes at Circular Intersections,’’ lanes, which is when one direction shared-lane markings not be used in the which contains material relocated from bicycle lanes travel the opposite circulatory roadway of multi-lane existing section 9C.04. FHWA proposes direction of the general traffic that is circular intersections. FHWA proposes additional Support statements related to also traveling in one direction. FHWA this new section to assist practitioners the use of shared-lane markings and proposes Guidance to recommend that a with providing uniform treatments of bicycles on the sidewalk at circular counter-flow bicycle lane be placed on shared-use paths in the vicinity of intersections, since bicycle lanes are the right-hand side of the road with circular intersections based on an already prohibited through circular opposing traffic on the left. NCHRP study.130 intersections. FHWA also proposes a Standard 633. FHWA proposes a new section 628. FHWA proposes a new section requiring double yellow line markings, numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.11 numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.06 a painted median island, raised median Two-Stage Bicycle Turn Boxes’’ to Buffer-Separated Bicycle Lanes’’ to island, or some form of physical provide Support, Standard, Option, and provide practitioners with Support, separation to define the counter-flow Guidance statements, as well as two Standard, Guidance, and Option bicycle lane where the speed limit is 30 new figures, to describe the application statements and a new figure to provide mph or less. When the speed limit is 35 of two-stage bicycle turn boxes. FHWA information on the application of buffer- mph or greater, FHWA proposes a proposes Standards to provide separated bicycle lanes. FHWA Standard requiring a buffer, a painted requirements on location, pavement proposes new Standards that provide median, raised median island, or markings, arrows, and passive detection requirements on the buffer-separated another form of physical separation to of bicycles at traffic signals. As two- bicycle lines, including line types, ensure safe operation through adequate stage bicycle turn boxes are intended to markings in the buffer, width, location, separation between opposing flows of be positioned within an intersection for and color. FHWA proposes this new bicycles and motor vehicles. bicyclists to queue safely, these section and associated figure, because Lastly, FHWA proposes new Standards define what is required to providing a buffer space between a Standards and Guidance for required make those spaces both safe and bicycle lane and a travel lane can reduce and recommended signing and operationally effective for bicyclists at vehicle encroachment into the bicycle signalization for counter-flow bicycle traffic signals. lane and reduce crashes between a lanes. FHWA proposes this new section In addition, FHWA proposes bicyclist and open vehicle doors in a to provide practitioners information for Guidance to consider the peak hour parking lane. In addition, the provisions uniformity in application. bicycle demand and adjacent land uses of this Section would promote 631. In Section 9E.09 (existing Section for the size of the bicycle turn box. uniformity in the use of this treatment 9C.07) Shared-Lane Marking, FHWA FHWA also proposes an Option to use in accordance with existing traffic proposes to revise the Guidance to green colored pavement with an control devices in Section 3B.25 recommend that shared-lane markings associated Standard that requires the (existing Section 3B.24) and Chapter 3E not be used on roadways with a posted entire turn box to be green colored (existing Chapter 3D). speed limit of 40 mph or above, instead pavement when used. 629. FHWA proposes a new section of 35 mph or above per the 2009 version Lastly, FHWA proposes a Standard numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.07 of the Manual. that requires a full-time turns-on-red Separated Bicycle Lanes’’ to provide FHWA also proposes to revise the prohibition where the path of vehicles Support, Standard, Option, and Standard to expand the listing of lawfully turning right on red would pass Guidance statements, along with a new locations where shared-lane markings through the bicycle turn box. FHWA figure, for the application of separated are prohibited. FHWA proposes this proposes this section to describe the bicycle lanes. FHWA proposes Standard change to include some of the new proper use of this new application that statements requiring a buffer space applications that are proposed in this simplifies the turning task for bicyclists. between parking spaces and separated NPA but are not in the 2009 Edition of 634. FHWA proposes a new section bicycle lanes, buffer space markings, the Manual, and to address field numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.12 restrictions for edge line and lane line experience with this marking since it Bicycle Box’’ to provide Option, colors, and requiring directional arrows. was adopted in the 2009 MUTCD. Standard, Guidance, and Support FHWA also proposes Standards related In addition, FHWA provides new statements and a new figure, to describe to requirements for signalization with Guidance statements on the placement the application of a bicycle box. two-way separated bicycle lanes and of shared-lane markings and the use of FHWA also proposes Guidance prohibiting right turns on red across Bicycles Allowed Use of Full Lane (R9– recommending consideration of motor separated bicycle lanes when bicycle 20, resdesignated from R4–11) signs. vehicle and bicycle conflicts for when traffic is allowed to proceed through the Lastly, FHWA proposes new Options intersection. FHWA proposes this new and an associated figure, for 130 ‘‘Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, Second Edition’’ NCHRP 672, 2010, can be viewed section to provide practitioners implementation of shared-lane markings at the following internet website: http:// information for uniformity in in places where the width of the onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_ application to promote the safe and roadway is insufficient to continue a 672.pdf.

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the bicycle box should be used, methodology of locating signs and contains six proposed new sections recommending that a bicycle lane be bicycle route pavement markings. numbered and titled as follows: used on the approach to a bicycle box, FHWA proposes this new section to ‘‘Section 9G.01 General,’’ ‘‘Section and recommending that a bicycle box provide uniformity for this new 9G.02 Displaced Left-Turn not be contiguous with a crosswalk. practice. Intersection,’’ ‘‘Section 9G.03 Median U- In addition, FHWA proposes 637. In Section 9E.15 (existing Section Turn Intersection,’’ ‘‘Section 9G.04 Standards requiring locations, markings, 9C.05) Bicycle Detector Symbol, FHWA Intercepted Crossroad Intersection,’’ signal yellow change and red clearance proposes the addition of an Option ‘‘Section 9G.05 Restricted Crossing intervals, and countdown pedestrian statement that allows WAIT HERE FOR Intersection,’’ and ‘‘Section 9G.06 signals when the bicycle box extends GREEN word markings to be placed on Diamond Interchange with Transposed- across more than one approach lane of the pavement immediately below the Alignment Crossroad’’ to provide motor vehicles. FHWA proposes these bicycle detector symbol to help practitioners with information on how changes to mitigate the potential bicyclists know to stop on the bicycle to accommodate bicyclists through these conflict between bicyclists crossing a detector symbol. various types of alternate intersections. bicycle box across multiple lanes while 638. FHWA proposes a new section FHWA also proposes four new figures motor vehicle traffic is given a green numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.17 demonstrating examples of the bicycle indication to move into the intersection. Raised Devices’’ to provide Support, accommodations at alternative Lastly, FHWA also proposes an Option, Standard, and Guidance intersections. The information in these Option to use green colored pavement statements for the application of raised proposed sections, along with the with an associated Standard that devices in coordination with bicycle accompanying figures, are based on requires the entire bicycle box to be facilities. FHWA proposes a Standard supporting research.131 green colored pavement when used. that channelizing devices shall not 641. In proposed Section 9G.01 FHWA proposes this addition to incorporate the color green, consistent General, FHWA proposes a Support that describe the proper use of this new with an existing requirement in Part 3 clarifies that the Chapter describes application that increases the visibility that the color of channelizing devices examples for the application and of stopped bicyclists on the approach to shall match the color of the pavement accommodation of bicycle traffic at a signalized intersection when the markings they supplement. FHWA alternative intersections but is not a signal is red. proposes this requirement to reiterate requirement to provide the bicycle 635. In Section 9E.13 (existing Section the existing requirement because some traffic control herein. 9C.03), retitled, ‘‘Shared-Use Paths,’’ bicycle facilities utilize optional green- 642. In proposed Section 9G.02 FHWA proposes a new Option and colored pavement to supplement the Displaced Left Turn Intersection, FHWA Standard, and accompanying figure, to required white or yellow markings and proposes Guidance to recommend that a provide additional design options for the existing requirement could imply left-turning bicycle movement should pavement markings. that the color of the channelizing transition to an independent alignment FHWA also proposes a new Guidance devices are allowed to match the color that facilitates the bicycle to a two-stage that the crossing areas for bicyclists of the pavement (green, in this case) turn box where bicycle lanes or shared- should use green-colored pavement in rather than the color of the pavement lane markings are used on the major order to distinguish between the marking. FHWA proposes this change as street approaching a displaced left-turn crosswalk for pedestrians and the a conforming edit, which would not intersection. crossing area for bicyclists. FHWA change the existing underlying 643. In proposed Section 9G.03 proposes this new Guidance in concert requirement. Median U-turn Intersection, FHWA with the proposal to add green-colored FHWA also proposes Guidance recommends Guidance that a two-stage pavement for bicycle facilities. statements that the channelizing devices bicycle turn box should be used where 636. FHWA proposes a new section should be tubular markers, and that the left-turning bicycles need to be numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9E.14 selection of a raised device consider the accommodated at median U-Turn Bicycle Route Pavement Markings’’ to collision potential of both the post and intersections. provide Option, Standard, and the base. 644. In proposed Section 9G.04 Guidance statements, as well as a new Lastly, FHWA proposes Guidance to Intercepted Crossroad Intersection, figure, for the application of pavement recommend that if used in buffer- FHWA recommends Guidance that markings to simulate route auxiliary separated bicycle lanes, channelizing shared-lane markings should be plaques and Bicycle Route Guide signs devices should be placed in the buffer discontinued on a single lane to provide navigational guidance for space and at least one foot from the intersection approach on cross streets bicyclists and pedestrians on shared-use longitudinal bicycle lane pavement and the bicycle movement should be paths, separated bikeways on marking. FHWA proposes this new transitioned to a bicycle lane contiguous independent alignment, and on section because the purpose of to the exclusive right or left turn lane for improved trails. channelizing devices is to emphasize motor vehicles. Also, FHWA proposes Standards to pavement marking patterns associated 645. In proposed Section 9G.05 limit the use of route markers on bicycle with bicycle facilities. Restricted Crossing Intersection, FHWA lanes, separated bikeways in the 639. FHWA proposes a new section proposes Guidance to recommend that roadway, or on roadways where the numbered and titled, ‘‘Section 9F.02 bicycle destination or bicycle route shared-use path runs contiguous or Bicycle Signal Face’’ to provide a guide signs should be used at restricted concurrent with a street or highway. reference to Chapter 4H on the design crossing intersections where it is Lastly, FHWA also proposes a and application of bicycle signal faces demonstrated that it would be difficult Guidance to require that pavement and Section 9B.22 for the Bicycle for bicycle movements. markings simulating official guide signs SIGNAL sign. for bicycle routes be supplemental to 640. FHWA proposes a new chapter 131 ‘‘Alternative Intersections/Interchanges: Informational Report (AIIR)’’ FHWA–HRT–09–060, the sign(s) and shall not be a substitute numbered and titled, ‘‘Chapter 9G April 2010, can be viewed at the following internet for the sign(s), with an associated Bicycle Accommodations at Alternative website: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/ Guidance that recommends a systematic Intersections.’’ This new chapter research/safety/09060/09060.pdf.

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646. In proposed Section 9G.06 a comprehensive review of the research mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov. The proposed text Diamond Interchange with Transposed- on this alternative font and report on the is available in two formats. The first Alignment Crossroad, FHWA proposes safety and cost implications of the format shows the current MUTCD text Guidance to recommend destination decision while fully addressing the with proposed additions in blue guide signs for shared-use paths to comments submitted by affected States underlined text and proposed deletions transition pedestrian and bicycle travel during the December 13, 2016, Request as red strikeout text, and also includes to and from the median of the for Information 134 related to the notes in green boxes to provide helpful transposed alignment where a shared- alternative font. FHWA reviewed the explanations where text is proposed to use path is used. comments submitted and conducted a be relocated or where minor edits are 647. In Appendix A1, FHWA comprehensive analysis of all research proposed. The second format shows a proposes to retitle the section to identified as being associated with the ‘‘clean’’ version of the complete text ‘‘Congressional Actions’’ and add a new alternative font and submitted the proposed for the next edition of the 135 option to allow an alternative letter style Report on Highway Guide Sign Fonts, MUTCD, with all the proposed changes for destination legends on freeway and to Congress with the findings of these incorporated. Though the proposed text, expressway guide signs. For clarity in reviews. As a result of this figures, and tables are available only as application, FHWA designates this letter Congressional action, FHWA reinstated separate documents for inspection, all style, commonly referred to as Interim Approval IA–5 on March 18, three elements will be integrated when 136 ‘‘Clearview 5–W,’’ as ‘‘Series E 2018. Though not required, Interim the new edition of the MUTCD is (modified)—Alternative.’’ In concert Approval IA–5 has been allowed to published in a consistent format, similar with this change, FHWA proposes a continue past the end of that fiscal year to the current edition. The complete Standard provision to define the so that FHWA could request comments current 2009 edition of the MUTCD applicability and scope of this letter on potential inclusion of this alternative with Revision No. 1 and Revision No. 2 style because the design criteria differ letter style as part of the MUTCD. incorporated is also available on the same website. The specific standards are from those of the Standard Alphabets. Discussion Under 1 CFR Part 51 FHWA proposes these provisions to discussed in greater detail elsewhere in FHWA is proposing to incorporate by this preamble. address the operational effect of the reference the more current versions of Consolidated Appropriations Act of the manuals listed herein. Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory 2018 that required FHWA to, ‘‘. . . FHWA’s 2009 ‘‘Manual on Uniform Planning and Review), Executive Order reinstate Interim Approval IA–5, Traffic Control Devices for Streets and 13563 (Improving Regulation and relating to the provisional use of an Highways,’’ including Revisions No. 1 Regulatory Review), Executive Order alternative lettering style on certain and No. 2, dated May 2012 would be 13771 (Reducing Regulations and highway guide signs, as it existed before replaced with a more current edition the Controlling Regulatory Costs), and 49 its termination, as announced in the MUTCD. This document was developed CFR Part 5 (DOT Rulemaking Federal Register on January 25, 2016 by FHWA to define the standards used Procedures) (81 FR 4083).’’ FHWA requests by road managers nationwide to install The proposed rule is a nonsignificant comments on the proposed revisions to and maintain traffic control devices on regulatory action within the meaning of Appendix A1 as well as the proposal to all public streets, highways, bikeways, Executive Order (E.O.) 12866 and DOT add ‘‘Series E (modified)—Alternative’’ and private roads open to public travel. regulatory policies and procedures. This to Appendix A1. The document that FHWA is action complies with EOs 12866, 13563, FHWA granted Interim Approval (IA– proposing to incorporate by reference is and 13771 to improve regulation. These 5) to use Clearview 5–W in certain reasonably available to interested changes are not anticipated to affect applications on September 2, 2004, parties, primarily State DOTs, local adversely, in any material way, any based on early research that suggested agencies, and tribal governments sector of the economy. Most of the improvements in sign legibility. FHWA carrying out Federal-aid highway proposed changes in the MUTCD would rescinded this Interim Approval on projects. The text, figures, and tables of provide additional guidance, January 25, 2016,132 after subsequent a proposed new edition of the MUTCD clarification, and optional applications research and a more thorough review of incorporating the proposed changes for traffic control devices. FHWA the early research finding showed no from the current edition are available for believes that the uniform application of discernable improvement. In addition, it inspection and copying, as prescribed in traffic control devices supports became apparent that having a separate 49 CFR part 7, at FHWA Office of efficiency of traffic operations and optional letter style with different Transportation Operations, 1200 New roadway safety. The standards, design criteria caused confusion in sign Jersey Avenue, SE, Washington, DC guidance, and support are also used to design and layouts resulting in 20590. Further, the text, figures, and create uniformity and to enhance safety inappropriate and sometime ineffective tables of a proposed new edition of the and mobility at little additional expense signs. However, the Omnibus MUTCD incorporating changes from the to public agencies or the motoring Appropriations Act, 2018 (section 125 current edition are available on the public. In addition, these changes of Division L) required FHWA to MUTCD website http:// would not create a serious inconsistency reinstate Interim Approval IA–5 for that with any other agency’s action or fiscal year. In addition, the Joint https://www.congress.gov/115/crpt/hrpt237/CRPT- materially alter the budgetary impact of 115hrpt237.pdf. any entitlements, grants, user fees, or Explanatory Statement House Report 134 The December 13, 2016, Request for 133 115–237 directed FHWA to conduct Information on Clearview font (81 FR 89888, Dec. loan programs. Therefore, a full 13, 2016) can be viewed at the following website: regulatory impact analysis is not 132 Federal Register notice of Interim Approval https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2016-12- required. An assessment of the potential IA–5 recension (81 FR 4083, Jan. 25, 2016) can be 13/html/2016-29819.htm. economic impacts is available on the viewed at the following website: https:// 135 https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interim_ docket. FHWA requests public comment www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2016-01-25/html/ approval/ia5rptcongress/ia5rptcongress.pdf. 2016-01383.htm. 136 Information on FHWA reinstatement of IA–5 on all aspects of this analysis including 133 The Joint Explanatory Statement House Report can be viewed at the following website: https:// data sources, methodology, and 115–237 can be viewed at the following website: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/res-interim_approvals.htm. assumptions.

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FHWA has considered the provisions • Markings for part-time travel on a control devices with crash rates, and the of this NPA in relation to the regulatory shoulder (proposed Section 3E.04); safety benefits of these revisions could policies found in 49 CFR 5.5 and has • Accessible pedestrian signals and not be quantified. Potential safety determined that the proposals contained audible information devices (proposed benefits are evaluated qualitatively as herein are consistent with the policies Sections 4K.01, 4J.02, 4L.02, 4S.03, and well. governing the development and 4U.02); and For each substantive revision with issuance of regulations. These include • Stop and Yield signs on bicycle appreciable costs, FHWA believe policies that there should be no more facilities (proposed Section 9B.01). expects that the benefits will exceed the regulations than necessary, regulations For the three substantive revisions for costs. Based on the qualitative and should specify performance objectives, which costs can be quantified, the total quantitative information presented, and, where they impose burdens, 10-year estimated cost measured in 2018 FHWA expects that, in general, the regulations should be narrowly tailored dollars is $541,978 when discounted to potential benefits of the rulemaking will to address identified market failures or 2018 at 7 percent and $589,667 when exceed the costs. discounted at 3 percent. These costs are specific statutory mandates. Where this Regulatory Flexibility Act NPA proposes regulatory requirements estimated as the sum of the price of the prescribing specific conduct that traffic control device and the removal In compliance with the Regulatory regulated entities must adopt, FHWA and installation costs of the device, Flexibility Act (Pub. L. 96–354, 5 U.S.C. has determined that these regulations applied to the current and future 601–612), FHWA has evaluated the are necessary to address the compelling deployment rate of the traffic control effects of this action on small entities. need for nationwide uniformity to device, considering the compliance date Based on the evaluation, FHWA anticipates that this action would not ensure the safety and efficiency of the for the provision relating to the device. have a significant economic impact on traveling public. The proposed revisions differ in their compliance dates, the date after which a substantial number of small entities. Finally, this proposed rule is not an the traffic control devices must comply This proposed rule would add some E.O. 13771 regulatory action because it with the MUTCD revisions. The cost new traffic control devices and only a is not significant under E.O. 12866. The estimates reflect whether the proposed limited number of new or changed proposed rulemaking introduces a revision includes a compliance date. For requirements associated with existing variety of revisions resulting in those proposed changes without a topic areas, as well as new topic areas clarification of language and compliance date, the analysis assumes that were not previously addressed. organization of the MUTCD, that agencies would make traffic control Most of the proposed changes are deregulation through increased devices comply with the proposed expanded guidance and clarification flexibility and alternatives for agencies, revisions at the end of the service life of information. Therefore, FHWA certifies deregulation through relaxation of a device. For those proposed changes that the action will not have a standards to guidance where with a compliance date, the analysis significant economic impact on a appropriate, and the introduction of assumes that agencies would upgrade substantial number of small entities. new traffic devices. For the purposes of non-conforming traffic control devices Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of this analysis, where revisions increase through systematic upgrading, 1995 the clarity of existing content, those proportionally each year until the revisions have been considered non- compliance date. The analysis period is FHWA has determined that this NPA substantive. All other revisions are 10 years starting with an will not impose unfunded mandates as considered substantive as they implementation date of 2021 and defined by the Unfunded Mandates materially change the requirements of extending through 2030. Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4, the MUTCD. The costs of five substantive revisions March 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48). The This NPA provides quantitative could not be estimated due to lack of proposed revisions can be phased in by estimates of the expected compliance information, but all are expected to have the States over specified time periods in costs associated with the proposed net benefits based on per-unit or per- order to minimize hardship. Unless a substantive revisions. There are 132 mile costs and benefits of the proposed compliance date is specified, the substantive revisions in total. There are revision. Costs for each substantive proposed changes to traffic control 124 substantive revisions with minimal revision with appreciable impacts are devices that would require an or no impact, including the introduction estimated based on the cost of the traffic expenditure of funds allow for normal of 37 new traffic control device control device, the removal and maintenance funds to replace the applications. These revisions materially installation costs of the device, the devices at the end of the material life- change the MUTCD requirements but current and future deployment of the cycle. To the extent the proposed have no cost impacts or minimal cost traffic control device, and the revisions would require expenditures by impacts. compliance date if applicable. State and local governments on Federal- The remaining eight substantive The benefits of the revisions include aid projects, they are reimbursable. This revisions have quantifiable economic operational and safety benefits. regulatory action will not result in the impacts: Operational benefits include the expenditure by State, local, and Tribal • Weight Limit signs (proposed capacity of the traffic control device to governments, in the aggregate, or by the Section 2B.66); convey necessary information to road private sector, of $155,000,000 or more • Normal longitudinal line widths users and any mobility impacts from in any one year (2 U.S.C. 1532). In (proposed Section 3A.04); efficient operation. Currently, no addition, the definition of ‘‘Federal • Wide longitudinal line widths specific data or studies exist to measure mandate’’ in the Unfunded Mandates (proposed Section 3A.04); operational benefits or efficiency gains, Reform Act excludes financial • Stop and yield lines (proposed and these benefits are evaluated assistance of the type in which State, Section 3B.19); qualitatively. Ideally, safety benefits local, or Tribal governments have • Markings for diamond interchange would be measured by the revision’s authority to adjust their participation in with transposed-alignment crossroad impact on crashes, but there are no data the program in accordance with changes (proposed Section 3B.31); that correlate the direct impact of traffic made in the program by the Federal

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Government. The Federal-aid highway effect on the quality of the human and Authority: 23 U.S.C. 103(b)(2), 103(c), 134, program permits this type of flexibility. natural environment because it only 135, and 315; and 49 CFR 1.85. FHWA will publish a final analysis, would make technical changes and ■ 2. Amend appendix C to subpart A of including its response to public incorporate by reference the latest part 470 by revising the Policy comments, when it publishes a final versions of design standards and paragraph and Conditions paragraph 5 rule. standard specifications previously and removing the Sign Details heading adopted and incorporated by reference Executive Order 13132 (Federalism and accompanying paragraphs 1 under 23 CFR part 625 and would Assessment) through 4 to read as follows: remove the corresponding outdated or FHWA has analyzed this action in superseded versions of these standards Appendix C to Subpart A of Part 470— accordance with the principles and and specifications. The proposed rule Policy for the Signing and Numbering criteria contained in E.O. 13132. FHWA qualifies as a categorical exclusion to of Future Interstate Corridors has determined that this action will not NEPA under 23 CFR 771.117(c)(20). Designated by Section 332 of the NHS have sufficient federalism implications Designation Act of 1995 or Designated to warrant the preparation of a Executive Order 13175 (Tribal Under 23 U.S.C. 103(c)(4)(B) Consultation) federalism assessment. FHWA has also Policy determined that this action will not FHWA has analyzed this action under preempt any State law or State E.O. 13175 and believes that it would State transportation agencies are permitted to erect informational signs along a federally regulation or affect the States’ ability to not have substantial direct effects on designated future Interstate corridor only discharge traditional State governmental one or more Indian tribes; would not after the specific route location has been functions. The MUTCD is incorporated impose substantial direct compliance established for the route to be constructed to by reference in 23 CFR part 655, subpart costs on Indian tribal governments; and Interstate design standards. F. These proposed amendments are in would not preempt Tribal law. Conditions keeping with the Secretary of Therefore, a tribal summary impact Transportation’s authority under 23 statement is not required. * * * * * U.S.C. 109(d), 315, and 402(a) to ■ 5. Signing and other identification of Regulation Identification Number promulgate uniform guidelines to a future Interstate route segment must promote the safe and efficient A regulation identification number comply with the provisions of the utilization of the highways. The (RIN) is assigned to each regulatory Manual on Uniform Traffic Control overriding safety benefits of the action listed in the Unified Agenda of Devices for Streets and Highways. uniformity prescribed by the MUTCD Federal Regulations. The Regulatory * * * * * are shared by all of the State and local Information Service Center publishes governments, and changes made to this the Unified Agenda in April and PART 635—CONSTRUCTION AND rule are directed at enhancing safety. To October of each year. The RIN contained MAINTENANCE the extent that these proposed in the heading of this document can be ■ 3. The authority citation for part 635 amendments override any existing State used to cross reference this action with continues to read as follows: requirements regarding traffic control the Unified Agenda. Authority: Sections 1525 and 1303 of Pub. devices, they do so in the interest of List of Subjects L. 112–141, Sec. 1503 of Pub. L. 109–59, 119 national uniformity. Stat. 1144; 23 U.S.C. 101 (note), 109, 112, 23 CFR Part 470 Executive Order 12372 113, 114, 116, 119, 128, and 315; 31 U.S.C. (Intergovernmental Review) Grant programs—transportation, 6505; 42 U.S.C. 3334, 4601 et seq.; Sec. Highways and roads. 1041(a), Pub. L. 102–240, 105 Stat. 1914; 23 The regulations implementing E.O. CFR 1.32; 49 CFR 1.85(a)(1). 12372 regarding intergovernmental 23 CFR Part 635 ■ 4. Amend § 635.309 by revising consultation on Federal programs and Grant programs—transportation, paragraph (o) to read as follows: activities apply to this program. Local Highways and roads, Reporting and entities should refer to the Catalog of recordkeeping requirements. § 635.309 Authorization. Federal Domestic Assistance Program * * * * * Number 20.205, Highway Planning and 23 CFR Part 655 (o) The FHWA has determined that, Construction, for further information. Design standards, Grant programs— where applicable, provisions are Paperwork Reduction Act transportation, Highways and roads, included in the PS&E that require the Incorporation by reference, Signs, erection of funding source signs that Under the Paperwork Reduction Act Traffic regulations. comply with the Manual on Uniform of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501, et seq.), Issued in Washington, DC, under authority Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Federal agencies must obtain approval Highways, for the life of the from the Office of Management and delegated in 49 CFR part 1.85(a)(1). Nicole R. Nason, construction project, in accordance with Budget (OMB) for each collection of section 154 of the Surface information they conduct, sponsor, or Administrator, Federal Highway Administration. Transportation and Uniform Relocation require through regulations. FHWA has Assistance and Real Property In consideration of the foregoing, determined that this action does not Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, as FHWA proposes to amend title 23, Code contain collection information amended (Pub. L. 91–646, 84 Stat. 1894; of Federal Regulations, parts 470, 635, requirements for purposes of the PRA. primarily codified in 42 U.S.C. 4601 et and 655, as set forth below: National Environmental Policy Act seq.;) (Uniform Act). Title 23—Highways FHWA has analyzed this proposed * * * * * rule for the purposes of the National PART 470—HIGHWAY SYSTEMS PART 655—TRAFFIC OPERATIONS Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321, et seq.) and has determined ■ 1. Revise the authority citation for part ■ 5. Revise the authority citation for part that this action would not have any 470 to read as follows: 655 to read as follows:

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Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101(a), 104, 109(d), Substantial conformance means that the MUTCD or supplement, supplemental 114(a), 217, 315, and 402(a); 23 CFR 1.32; State MUTCD or supplement shall documents that a State issues, including and, 49 CFR 1.85. conform as a minimum to the standard but not limited to policies, directives, ■ 6. Amend § 655.601: statements included in the national standard drawings or details, and a. In the introductory text to MUTCD. The FHWA Division specifications, shall not contravene or paragraph (d), by removing the text Administrators and Associate negate standard or guidance statements ‘‘below’’ and ‘‘call (202) 741–6030’’ and Administrator for the Federal Lands in the national MUTCD. The FHWA adding in their places ‘‘paragraphs (d)(1) Highway Program may grant exceptions Division Administrators shall approve and (2) of this section’’ and ‘‘email in cases where a State MUTCD or the State MUTCDs and supplements [email protected]’’, respectively; supplement cannot conform to standard that are in substantial conformance as and statements in the national MUTCD defined in this paragraph (b)(1) with the b. By revising paragraph (d)(2)(i) to because of the requirements of a specific national MUTCD. The FHWA Associate read as follows: State law that was in effect prior to Administrator of the Federal Lands Highway Program shall approve other § 655.601 Purpose. January 16, 2007, provided that the Division Administrator or Associate Federal land management agencies’ * * * * * MUTCDs and supplements that are in (d) * * * Administrator determines based on information available and substantial conformance as defined in (2) * * * this paragraph (b)(1) with the national (i) Manual on Uniform Traffic Control documentation received from the State MUTCD. The FHWA Division Devices for Streets and Highways that the non-conformance does not Administrators and the FHWA (MUTCD), 11th Edition, FHWA, dated create a safety concern. The guidance Associate Administrators for the Federal [date to be determined]. statements contained in the national MUTCD shall also be in the State Lands Highway Program have the * * * * * flexibility to determine on a case-by- ■ Manual or supplement unless the reason 7. Amend § 655.603 by revising case basis the degree of variation paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows: for not including it is satisfactorily explained based on engineering allowed in a State MUTCD or § 655.603 Standards. judgment, specific conflicting State law, supplement to accommodate existing State laws as described in this * * * * * or a documented engineering study. A (b) * * * State MUTCD or supplement shall not paragraph (b)(1), for the express purpose (1) Where State or other Federal contain standard, guidance, or option of amending such laws over time. agency MUTCDs or supplements are statements that contravene or negate * * * * * required, they shall be in substantial standard or guidance statements in the [FR Doc. 2020–26789 Filed 12–11–20; 8:45 am] conformance with the national MUTCD. national MUTCD. In addition to a State BILLING CODE 4910–RY–P

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