DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright by Reena Patel 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright by Reena Patel 2008 Copyright by Reena Patel 2008 The Dissertation Committee for Reena Patel certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Working the Night Shift: Women’s Employment in the Transnational Call Center Industry Committee: Emily Skop, Supervisor Paul Adams, Co-Supervisor Elizabeth Mueller Steve Hoelscher Leo Zonn Working the Night Shift: Women’s Employment in the Transnational Call Center Industry by Reena Patel B.S., M.S. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2008 Dedication I dedicate this dissertation to Uncle Charlie Acknowledgements During a leadership conference at The University of Texas at Austin, a panelist pointed out the importance of remembering that “it’s not all about me.” Drawing from this, there are a number of people for whom I am grateful. I wish to thank my co-advisors and committee members for their guidance and encouragement throughout the process. Dr. Skop flew all the way to India not only for her own research interests, but more so to see how her befuddled student was faring. Armed with gifts of beef jerky and a willingness to understand the challenges of international fieldwork, she kept an eye on me and brought me back to reality when I started to get a little crazy. And yes, fieldwork in India made me a bit crazy at times. When I returned, she provided the space necessary to allow this project to expand in directions I did not anticipate. When hit with writer’s block, Dr. Adams could always be counted on to help me. Our discussions allowed me to look at my work from a perspective I often did not consider before. When I started to get lost in what I perceived to be the enormity of this project, he reminded me to look at my dissertation as capturing a moment in time that would someday be history. His guidance allowed me to remain focused on the writing at hand. His willingness to challenge my assumptions as well as encouraging me to speak my opinion—detractors be damned—made for a stronger learning experience. v My mother once told me, “Do you know how happy it would have made my parents to know that their grandchild used what they left behind to pursue a Ph.D.?” Thanks to my grandparents, Jayaben C. Patel and Chaturbhai B. Patel, for passing on a flat in Mumbai that served as my home base during the course of this project. Whether through coincidence or connection, individuals unwittingly came into my life at just the right time during the course of fieldwork. I wish to thank Kavita and “Indiana Jones” for being a listening ear and on more than one occasion helping me during my frantic phone calls when lost somewhere in Mumbai. When it came to laughter and adventure, I always knew I could count on Jasbir Sachdev Singh ([email protected]) who is by far the best taxi cab driver in Mumbai, but, more important, my now-adopted brother. When I needed refuge from the gritty city life of Mumbai my aunties in Ahmedabad, Ranjan Foi and Sumi Foi, could always be counted on to take care of me and fatten me up when I got too thin. And when it came to cheap flights, my cousin Cookie, a savvy travel agent, saved the day on more than one occasion. Thanks to Raven (e.g., her call center name) for helping me get into what was by far the coolest of all call centers. When it came to expanding the scope of this project to Ahmedabad, Sukumar Parikh and Shailaja Parikh were key in providing BPO contacts that I would not have been able to secure on my own. And thanks to Ralph for sharing his home with me in Bangalore during the course of fieldwork. There are many more people whom I would like to thank for directly contributing to this project, but due to issues of confidentially I am unable to name them. When I returned from fieldwork, it was suggested that in order to write a book I hunker down and stay in one place. A writing desk that one returns to regularly and a set environment is supposedly key to creating and maintaining the writing process. This confined work ethic did not work for me and thankfully I had the support of grants, vi friends, and family to visit around the country while writing chapters in some of my favorite places. The bulk of this book was written among my dear friends, Leona and John, in upcountry Maui. To awake every morning to a view of the Pacific Ocean and Haleakala on one side and the West Maui Mountains on the other side is more than I ever imagined. To end a day of writing with two friends who shared laugher, merriment, good food, and wine was a gift. Add to that, their 85-pound lab named Kula, who made sure that my daily walk stayed daily, and I was living a writer’s dream. The foundation of this book was laid in Maui, and to Leona and John I am grateful. Cleaning up this book and the arduous task of revising was done in Manhattan in a corporate apartment two blocks from Times Square. I have my cousin Amish to thank for this. Sent to New York on a six-month consulting assignment, he opened up his place to me, rent-free, and happily shared his couch, laundry service, maid, gym, and doorman. When he would leave early in the morning to begin his 14-hour workday I would tell him “Don’t get fired! I like this job.” Amish, I will never forget the magical “yellow bag”: clothes went in dirty, clothes come back washed and folded. Every writer should have one. And when I needed respite from the city, my brother Meehir was just over the bridge to take me in. My father made it a point to tell me, “Between your brother and cousin you have over $8,000 a month worth of free housing!” Thank you for providing me with a lifestyle few beginning writers have the luxury to enjoy. I love you both. Although the bulk of this book was written in Maui and Manhattan, sections were also completed in Kauai, Phoenix, Chicago, St. Louis, Austin, Boston, Santa Barbara, and Hollywood. Many thanks to friends and family who took me in along with the 50-pound bags of books and articles I insisted on dragging along. And finally, I wish to thank my parents, Lavang Patel and Shirish Patel, for their unwavering support. Pursuing a doctorate at an age when one expects their daughter be vii “settled” (e.g., married with children) certainly went against the path they envisioned. Yet never once during the process did they burden me with judgment about what I should be doing with my life. Thank you both for providing me the space to pursue my dreams. viii Working the Night Shift: Women’s Employment in the Transnational Call Center Industry Publication No._____________ Reena Patel, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin, 2008 Supervisors: Emily Skop and Paul Adams In the past decade, a night shift labor force has gained momentum in the global economy. The hyper-growth of the transnational call center industry in India provides a quintessential example. The night shift requirement of the transnational call industry also intersects with the spatial and temporal construction of gender. Research conducted in 2006 in Mumbai, Bangalore, and Ahmedabad indicates that the nightscape is primarily a male domain (with the exception of prostitutes, bar dancers, and call girls) and women’s entry into this domain generates a range of diverse responses from call centers, their employees, the employees’ families, the media, and the Indian public. This research illustrates that there is no linear outcome to how working the night shift at a call center affects women’s lives. Even though the global nature of the work combined with the relatively high salary is viewed as a liberating force in the lives of workers, in actuality women simultaneously experience opening and constriction for working in the industry. Through the collection of interviews, focus group data, and ix participant observation gathered during 10 months of fieldwork in India, I examine female night shift workers’ physical, temporal, social, and economic mobility to illustrate how global night shift labor is intersecting with the lives of women in ironic and unsettling ways. Call center employment certainly changes the temporal mobility of some women because it provides them with a legitimate reason to leave the house at night, whereas before this was considered unacceptable. Concerns about promiscuity and “bad character” related to working at night are deflected by linking employment to skill acquisition, high wages, and a contribution to the household. Women’s safety—a code word for their reputation—is preserved by segregating them, via private transport, from the other women of the night. Women consequently become more physically and economically mobile, but through the use of what I term mobility-morality narratives, households continue to maintain regimes of surveillance and control over when and how women come and go. Similarly their social mobility is limited by obligations to support family members and conform to gendered notions of a woman’s place. x TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction ..........................................................................................................................2 Spatializing the Night .................................................................................................4 Why Does Physical and Temporal Mobility Matter? .................................................7 Theoretical Overview................................................................................................11 Sites of Study ............................................................................................................20
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Social Mobility: the Meaning, Types and Factors Responsible for Social Mobilit
    Social Mobility: The Meaning, Types and Factors Responsible for Social Mobilit Dr. Kumar Satyendra Yadav, Assistant Professor, Statistics Dept.. Patna University, Patna Meaning of Social Mobility: Mobility stands for shift, change and movement. The change may be of a place or from one position to another. Further, change is value free i.e it cannot be said that change is for good or bad. When we prefix „social‟ along with mobility it would imply that people or individual occupying a social position, move to another position or status. In the social ladder this movement may be upward or downward or it may be inter-generational or intra- generational. In short, social mobility stands for change in the position of an individual or a group of individuals from one status to another. On mobility Sorokin was the first sociologist who wrote a book “Social and Cultural Mobility”. He was of the opinion that there is no society which is closed (Caste System in India) and no society which is completely open (Class System). He further contended that no two societies are exactly same in the amount of movement allowed or discouraged. Further the speed of movement or change may differ from one period of time to another. The rate of change depends upon the level of modernization of a given society. In this sense, mobility “provides the individual with more or less of the benefits which his economy and society have to offer.” A rickshaw puller‟s son becomes a lawyer; a clerk‟s son becomes a doctor. In each case, a change in role between father and son provides the latter with more of the good things of life.
    [Show full text]
  • Diverse Genetic Origin of Indian Muslims: Evidence from Autosomal STR Loci
    Journal of Human Genetics (2009) 54, 340–348 & 2009 The Japan Society of Human Genetics All rights reserved 1434-5161/09 $32.00 www.nature.com/jhg ORIGINAL ARTICLE Diverse genetic origin of Indian Muslims: evidence from autosomal STR loci Muthukrishnan Eaaswarkhanth1,2, Bhawna Dubey1, Poorlin Ramakodi Meganathan1, Zeinab Ravesh2, Faizan Ahmed Khan3, Lalji Singh2, Kumarasamy Thangaraj2 and Ikramul Haque1 The origin and relationships of Indian Muslims is still dubious and are not yet genetically well studied. In the light of historically attested movements into Indian subcontinent during the demic expansion of Islam, the present study aims to substantiate whether it had been accompanied by any gene flow or only a cultural transformation phenomenon. An array of 13 autosomal STR markers that are common in the worldwide data sets was used to explore the genetic diversity of Indian Muslims. The austere endogamy being practiced for several generations was confirmed by the genetic demarcation of each of the six Indian Muslim communities in the phylogenetic assessments for the markers examined. The analyses were further refined by comparison with geographically closest neighboring Hindu religious groups (including several caste and tribal populations) and the populations from Middle East, East Asia and Europe. We found that some of the Muslim populations displayed high level of regional genetic affinity rather than religious affinity. Interestingly, in Dawoodi Bohras (TN and GUJ) and Iranian Shia significant genetic contribution from West Asia, especially Iran (49, 47 and 46%, respectively) was observed. This divulges the existence of Middle Eastern genetic signatures in some of the contemporary Indian Muslim populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Y-Chromosomal and Mitochondrial SNP Haplogroup Distribution In
    Open Access Austin Journal of Forensic Science and Criminology Review Article Y-Chromosomal and Mitochondrial SNP Haplogroup Distribution in Indian Populations and its Significance in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) - A Review Based Molecular Approach Sinha M1*, Rao IA1 and Mitra M2 1Department of Forensic Science, Guru Ghasidas Abstract University, India Disaster Victim Identification is an important aspect in mass disaster cases. 2School of Studies in Anthropology, Pt. Ravishankar In India, the scenario of disaster victim identification is very challenging unlike Shukla University, India any other developing countries due to lack of any organized government firm who *Corresponding author: Sinha M, Department of can make these challenging aspects an easier way to deal with. The objective Forensic Science, Guru Ghasidas University, India of this article is to bring spotlight on the potential and utility of uniparental DNA haplogroup databases in Disaster Victim Identification. Therefore, in this article Received: December 08, 2016; Accepted: January 19, we reviewed and presented the molecular studies on mitochondrial and Y- 2017; Published: January 24, 2017 chromosomal DNA haplogroup distribution in various ethnic populations from all over India that can be useful in framing a uniparental DNA haplogroup database on Indian population for Disaster Victim Identification (DVI). Keywords: Disaster Victim identification; Uniparental DNA; Haplogroup database; India Introduction with the necessity mentioned above which can reveal the fact that the human genome variation is not uniform. This inconsequential Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) is the recognized practice assertion put forward characteristics of a number of markers ranging whereby numerous individuals who have died as a result of a particular from its distribution in the genome, their power of discrimination event have their identity established through the use of scientifically and population restriction, to the sturdiness nature of markers to established procedures and methods [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Hari Nair 915-747-7544 | [email protected] | Web |
    Hari Nair 915-747-7544 j [email protected] j web j Appointments The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX Assistant Professor, Department of Physics Sep. 2018 { present The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Physics Sep. 2017 { Sep. 2018 Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physics Feb 2016 { Aug 2017 University of Johannesburg Johannesburg, South Africa Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physics Oct 2014 { Dec 2015 JCNS-2 & Peter Grunberg Institute J¨ulich, Germany Scientific Staff, Forschungszentrum J¨ulichGmbH Apr 2011 { Jul2014 Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, India Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physics Feb 2011 { Apr 2011 Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, India Researcher, Department of Physics Oct 2009 { Sep 2010 Visiting positions Universitat zu K¨oln K¨oln,Germany Researcher, II. Physikalisches Institut Oct 2010 { Jan 2011 Forschungszentrum J¨ulich GmbH J¨ulich, Germany Visiting Researcher, Institut fur Festk¨orperforschung (IFF) Jun 2009 { Sep 2009 Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden, Germany Visiting Researcher May 2008 { Jul 2008 Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Germany Visiting Researcher Oct 2006 { Dec 2006 Education Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, India PhD in experimental condensed matter physics Jun. 2002 { Dec. 2009 Mahatma Gandhi University Kerala, India MSc in Physics from C. M. S. College 2000 { 2002 Kerala University Kerala, India BSc in Physics from T. K. M. College 1997 { 2000 Grants/ Awards/ Honours 2020: (1) coPI in National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation program award to UTEP to acquire an MPMS.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Jhillu Singh Yadav – Scientist Par Excellence a Tribute
    Issue in Honor of Dr. Jhillu S. Yadav ARKIVOC 2016 (ii) 1-8 Dr. Jhillu Singh Yadav – Scientist par excellence A Tribute Dedicated to Dr. Jhillu Singh Yadav on the occasion of his outstanding contribution to organic synthetic chemistry I feel privileged to pay tribute to Dr. J. S. Yadav, who has been magnificent as a co-mentor (during my initial career as research fellow) and colleague after I joined the Institute as a scientist. Dr. Yadav was born on the 4th of August, 1950 in Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. After school in Uttar Pradesh (largest state in India), he Joined Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (one of the oldest Universities in India) in 1968 and pursued his Bachelors and Masters degrees. He completed his Ph.D in a span of three years from the National Chemical Laboratories, Pune and was awarded a doctorate from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1976 where he was involved in Isolongifolene chemistry under the supervision of Prof. Sukh Dev. He worked as Research Associate at Rice University, Houston, USA and as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Wisconsin, USA between 1977-1980. He returned to India and joined National Chemical Laboratories as Scientist (1980-1986) and started work on pheromones and fatty acids. In 1986, he moved to the Regional Research Laboratory, Hyderabad (presently known as CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology) and initiated a new era in the field of synthesis. He became the Director in 2003 and headed the crown institute of CSIR (CSIR-IICT) for 9 years (2003-2012). The scientific career of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Centers Booklet
    THE INSTITUTION The Institute for Social and Economic Change was established in 1972 by the visionary, scholar, statesman and a distinguished social scientist Prof. V K R V Rao. It has always been conceived as an all-India institute of interdisciplinary research and training in social sciences. The principal objective of the Institute is conducting research, pure and applied, in social sciences and enlarging the canvas to include doctoral programme, training and policy dissemination. The main objectives of the Institute summarily stated are to: ● undertake pure and applied research in social sciences encompassing all aspects of a developing society in an inter- disciplinary framework; ● assist central, state and local governments by providing advice based on policy-related studies; ● undertake regular training of doctoral students and teachers in universities and colleges, and for the officials and political functionaries, particularly at local levels; ● maintain a documentation and data centre in social sciences; ● take all measures within the competence of the Institute for the promotion of pure and applied research in social and economic development and change; ● assist the multilateral organisations such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, UNFPA , UNICEF, WHO and ILO in undertaking research and training programmes and ● collaborate with universities, research institutions and the non- governmental organisations (NGO) in the region in improving the quality of research and training. CENTRE FOR STUDY OF SOCIAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT (CSSCD) The Centre for Study of Social Change and sociology, they have lately been Development (CSSCD) has been carved out of bypassed in the pursuit of the erstwhile Sociology Unit which was founded understanding change and by none other than Professor M N Srinivas, the development in other arenas.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal Living Standards Survey 2010/11
    NEPAL LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY 2010/11 STATISTICAL REPORT VOLUME TWO CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS National Planning Commission Secretariat Government of Nepal November 2011 NEPAL LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY 2010/11 STATISTICAL REPORT VOLUME TWO CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS National Planning Commission Secretariat Government of Nepal November 2011 i Published by Central Bureau of Statistics Thapathali, Kathmandu Nepal Phone: 4229406, 4261506, 4245946-48 Fax: 977-1-4227720 E-mail: [email protected] Web site : www.cbs.gov.np First Edition: November 2011 1,500 copies Printed in Nepal ii iii iv PREFACE It is my pleasure to present the main results of the third Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS III). NLSS III is a nation-wide household survey conducted year round through February 2010 to February 2011 which consists of multiple topics related to household welfare. The last Living Standards Survey (NLSS II) was conducted in 2003/04 which updated the poverty profile of the country prepared originally on the basis of the information provided by the first Living Standards Survey (NLSS I) conducted in 1995/96. The present survey has been conducted at a time when political and economic changes are taking place in the country. The survey results are presented in two statistical volumes covering twenty sections of the household questionnaire. The re-introduction of the anthropometric section in the household questionnaire in NLSS III and its successful implementation has provided us new opportunities of multidimensional analysis of the survey data. In fact, the successful completion of the survey has elevated the survey capacity of the CBS in designing, operation, data management and analysis as well.
    [Show full text]
  • How Does Social Protection Contribute to Social Inclusion in Nepal?
    February 2014 Report How does social protection contribute to social inclusion in Nepal? Evidence from the Child Grant in the Karnali Region Tej Prasad Adhikari1, Fatik Bahadur Thapa1, Sonam Tamrakar1, Prakash Buda Magar1, Jessica Hagen-Zanker2 and Babken Babajanian2 1NEPAN 2ODI This study uses a social exclusion lens to analyse the effects of Nepal’s Child Grant in Karnali region and tests assumptions about the role social protection can play in contributing to social inclusion and poverty reduction. The study used mixed methods and employed a quasi-experimental impact evaluation. The findings show that in the first three years of implementation, the Child Grant has had only small effects on some indicators of social inclusion, most notably access to a more diversified diet. The research suggests that the impact of the Child Grant is limited by both design and implementation bottlenecks. Shaping policy for development odi.org Preface This report is part of a wider research project that assessed the effectiveness and relevance of social protection and labour programmes in promoting social inclusion in South Asia. The research was undertaken in collaboration with partner organisations in four countries, examining BRAC’s life skills education and livelihoods trainings for young women in Afghanistan, the Chars Livelihoods Programme and the Vulnerable Group Development Programme in Bangladesh, India’s National Health Insurance Programme (RSBY) in Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh and the Child Grant in the Karnali region of Nepal. Reports and briefings for each country and a paper providing cross-country analysis and drawing out lessons of relevance for regional and international policy can be found at: www.odi.org/sp-inclusion.
    [Show full text]
  • Telling Pacific Lives
    TELLING PACIFIC LIVES PRISMS OF PROCESS TELLING PACIFIC LIVES PRISMS OF PROCESS Brij V. Lal & Vicki Luker Editors Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/tpl_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Telling Pacific lives : prisms of process / editors, Vicki Luker ; Brij V. Lal. ISBN: 9781921313813 (pbk.) 9781921313820 (pdf) Notes: Includes index. Subjects: Islands of the Pacific--Biography. Islands of the Pacific--Anecdotes. Islands of the Pacific--Civilization. Islands of the Pacific--Social life and customs. Other Authors/Contributors: Luker, Vicki. Lal, Brij. Dewey Number: 990.0099 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Teresa Prowse Cover image: Choris, Louis, 1795-1828. Iles Radak [picture] [Paris : s.n., [1827] 1 print : lithograph, hand col.; 20.5 x 26 cm. nla.pic-an10412525 National Library of Australia Printed by University Printing Services, ANU This edition © 2008 ANU E Press Table of Contents Preface vii 1. Telling Pacic Lives: From Archetype to Icon, Niel Gunson 1 2. The Kila Wari Stories: Framing a Life and Preserving a Cosmology, Deborah Van Heekeren 15 3. From ‘My Story’ to ‘The Story of Myself’—Colonial Transformations of Personal Narratives among the Motu-Koita of Papua New Guinea, Michael Goddard 35 4. Mobility, Modernisation and Agency: The Life Story of John Kikang from Papua New Guinea, Wolfgang Kempf 51 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Annexure V - Caste Codes State Wise List of Castes
    ANNEXURE V - CASTE CODES STATE WISE LIST OF CASTES STATE TAMIL NADU CODE CASTE 1 ADDI DIRVISA 2 AKAMOW DOOR 3 AMBACAM 4 AMBALAM 5 AMBALM 6 ASARI 7 ASARI 8 ASOOY 9 ASRAI 10 B.C. 11 BARBER/NAI 12 CHEETAMDR 13 CHELTIAN 14 CHETIAR 15 CHETTIAR 16 CRISTAN 17 DADA ACHI 18 DEYAR 19 DHOBY 20 DILAI 21 F.C. 22 GOMOLU 23 GOUNDEL 24 HARIAGENS 25 IYAR 26 KADAMBRAM 27 KALLAR 28 KAMALAR 29 KANDYADR 30 KIRISHMAM VAHAJ 31 KONAR 32 KONAVAR 33 M.B.C. 34 MANIGAICR 35 MOOPPAR 36 MUDDIM 37 MUNALIAR 38 MUSLIM/SAYD 39 NADAR 40 NAIDU 41 NANDA 42 NAVEETHM 43 NAYAR 44 OTHEI 45 PADAIACHI 46 PADAYCHI 47 PAINGAM 48 PALLAI 49 PANTARAM 50 PARAIYAR 51 PARMYIAR 52 PILLAI 53 PILLAIMOR 54 POLLAR 55 PR/SC 56 REDDY 57 S.C. 58 SACHIYAR 59 SC/PL 60 SCHEDULE CASTE 61 SCHTLEAR 62 SERVA 63 SOWRSTRA 64 ST 65 THEVAR 66 THEVAR 67 TSHIMA MIAR 68 UMBLAR 69 VALLALAM 70 VAN NAIR 71 VELALAR 72 VELLAR 73 YADEV 1 STATE WISE LIST OF CASTES STATE MADHYA PRADESH CODE CASTE 1 ADIWARI 2 AHIR 3 ANJARI 4 BABA 5 BADAI (KHATI, CARPENTER) 6 BAMAM 7 BANGALI 8 BANIA 9 BANJARA 10 BANJI 11 BASADE 12 BASOD 13 BHAINA 14 BHARUD 15 BHIL 16 BHUNJWA 17 BRAHMIN 18 CHAMAN 19 CHAWHAN 20 CHIPA 21 DARJI (TAILOR) 22 DHANVAR 23 DHIMER 24 DHOBI 25 DHOBI (WASHERMAN) 26 GADA 27 GADARIA 28 GAHATRA 29 GARA 30 GOAD 31 GUJAR 32 GUPTA 33 GUVATI 34 HARJAN 35 JAIN 36 JAISWAL 37 JASODI 38 JHHIMMER 39 JULAHA 40 KACHHI 41 KAHAR 42 KAHI 43 KALAR 44 KALI 45 KALRA 46 KANOJIA 47 KATNATAM 48 KEWAMKAT 49 KEWET 50 KOL 51 KSHTRIYA 52 KUMBHI 53 KUMHAR (POTTER) 54 KUMRAWAT 55 KUNVAL 56 KURMA 57 KURMI 58 KUSHWAHA 59 LODHI 60 LULAR 61 MAJHE
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Landscapes of Nepal
    Conservation Landscapes of Nepal Government of Nepal Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Kathmandu Kathmandu 2016 2016 Conservation Landscapes of Nepal Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Kathmandu 2016 Publisher Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Citation Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation 2016. Conservation Landscapes of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Cover photo credits © WWF Nepal/ Susheel Shrestha © Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Conservation Landscapes of Nepal | iii Abbreviations and Acronyms ACAP Annapurna Conservation Area Project BZMC Buffer Zone Management Committee CAMC Conservation Area Management Committees CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CFUGs Community Forest User Groups CHAL Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora DNPWC Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation DoF Department of Forests ECTC Eastern Chure and Terai Complex GLOF Glacier Lake Outburst Flood HBP Hariyo Ban Program HDI Human Development Index IBA Important Bird Areas ICDP Integrated Conservation and Development Program IUCN The World Conservation Union KCA Kanchenjunga Conservation Area KCL Karnali Conservation Landscape KL Kanchenjunga Landscape KSL Kailash Sacred Landscape LRMP Land Resources Mapping Project LSU Landscape Support Unit MAP Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
    [Show full text]
  • Social Exclusion and Social Change: Access To, and Influence Of, Community-Based Collective Action Programs in Nepal
    SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND SOCIAL CHANGE: ACCESS TO, AND INFLUENCE OF, COMMUNITY-BASED COLLECTIVE ACTION PROGRAMS IN NEPAL by Meeta Sainju Pradhan A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor William G. Axinn, Chair Professor Thomas E. Fricke Assistant Professor Sarah Burgard Associate Research Scientist Dirgha J. Ghimire © Meeta Sainju Pradhan All rights reserved 2011 DEDICATION For Pratik, Prabir and Priya As you move ahead in life please keep in mind those who you do not see…..… look for them in the corner of your hearts and mind. and For all those who work towards a world of equality and justice. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Coming back to graduate school after over a decade of working in the field has been a journey of new learning – about my chosen area of work and about my own self. This journey has been possible due to the tremendous support of a wonderful group of people, all over the world. I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge and express my sincere gratitude to them. Professor William Axinn has been a steady influence in my life, ultimately succeeding in convincing me to return to graduate studies and extending all the support possible. His patience, guidance and encouragement, as a friend and a mentor, have been very valuable. I appreciation his continuing research interest in Nepal and particularly his support in building capacity for state-of-the-art social science research in the country. Professor Arland Thornton and Professor Sarah Burgard have always patiently and carefully read my work, giving serious attention to all the finer details and providing me with valuable feedback as I formulated and refined my work.
    [Show full text]