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oaks. bloomers.Donotprunelive fall dormant varietiesandsummer/ off deadbranches. , wait untilspringtoprune paint woundsover¾”indiameter. prune liveoaks-immediately dormant =Transplant. OKto water deeply1x/2weeks.Mature/ problem andinvasivespecies. - andthen,onlylightly. Remove fertilize untilyouseenewgrowth temp isabovefreezing.Donot water. Freeze?=coverplantsuntil Lawn January seedsowing, plusbush/ January Trees/Shrubs Upkeep Vegetables Lawn Trees/Shrubs Vegetables fertilize. low spots withcompost. Do not sandburs. Top-dress lawnand herbicide forweedslike growth inspring. 1” composttopreventfungus low spotsgraduallywith½”- turnips, parsley, onionsets. beets, radishes,potatoes, kale, lettuce,spinach,chard, Transplant: cauliflower, mustard, cabbage, kohlrabi,lettuce. seeds inground:broccoli, Office. Seepage3. available atCountyExtension fertilizing. Soilsamplekits before springplantingand tolerant .Take asoiltest replace withnative/drought declining plants,andplanto –applypre-emergent –noweedkiller. Buildup –checkfordamaged/ – coldspellpredicted?= FEBRUARY JANUARY – continue suggested –continuesuggested –sowcoolcrop –Prunewoody, –plantedlastfall=        

types ofcaterpillars. are young.Note:Btwillkillall thuringiensis) whilecaterpillars desired, spraywithBt(Bacillus moth arriveonliveoaks.If worm caterpillarsofthetussock not pruneliveoaks.“Woolly” species until they fade. Do Do notprunespringflowering then prunedamagedbranches. Tropicals Roses Vegetables Lawn Trees/Shrubs Upkeep Roses Fruit Trees warm weathercropsfromcold. pepper, and eggplant. Protect warm seasonplants-tomato, and herbsthruMarch. Transplant pole beans,arugula,butter palms. landscape plants/damagetrees, weed/feed products,theycankill or slow-releasefertilizer. Avoid you havemowed2x.Useorganic grass height.Don’tfertilizeuntil mowing. Only remove 1/3 of year, sodon’tgocrazy. trim won’tgiveyouanyfruitthis Remember, thebranchesyou before theybloomandsetfruit. varieties. Pruneexistingtrees squash. corn, cucumber, andsummer seed list plus suggested January stems/trunks. Keep mulch1-2”awayfrom days. water deeply. 1x/mo through Sept. then Fertilize Water 8-10days. every roses or1x-bloomingroses. tea roses. Do notpruneclimbing deeply. Pruneestablishedhybrid mo throughSept.thenwater Fertilize establishedbushes1x/ soil w/8hrsofsun;fertilize. –newgrowth?Start –prunedeadwood. –-well-drained –mulchbeds1-4”deep. –fertilize 1x/mothough MARCH –continuesowing – transplant new –waitforbudding, Water 8-10 every        

spreads. on rootballandasfarcanopy Fertilize palms with slow release prune liveoaks.Plantpalms. create anaturalmulch.Do not ground andmowoverthemto oaks -leavetheleaveson Plant summerbloomers.Live species: fertilizeafterbloom. spring floweringspecies.Mature come backnextyear. bloom andgotoseedsothey mow wildflowers. Letthem release afterbloom. off. Flowerscanchangeflavor. of leafy crops pinched Crowding =weakplants.Keep avoiding stems.Thinseedlings. crops untilmid-month.Mulch, Upkeep Wildflowers/Annuals Tropicals Roses Fruit Trees Vegetables/Herbs Lawn Trees/Shrubs phosphorus. slow-release fertilizer. Avoid high soil. Fertilizewith½”compostor ground toreturnnutrientsthe 1/3 offheight;leaveclippingson Sept. Sept. Examine often. or aforceful sprayofwater. thuringiensis), insecticidal soap whitefly, treatwithBt(Bacillus For spidermites,aphids,thrips, affected parts-donotcompost. or blackspot,andremovethe weeds. Checkformildew, , through summer, andmulch.Pull or slowreleasefertilizer1x/mo with compost,wormcastings, days. water deeply. Water 8-10 every 1x/mo through Sept. then Fertilize –mow, onlytakeabout –prunedeadwood. –fertilizeallplants –fertilize1x/mo though –fertilizewithslow APRIL –prune/fertilize –plantwarm –donot     

or 3:1:3slowrelease. palms. Fertilizepalmswith2:1:3 fertilizer.apply turf-type Plant planted duringthepastyear, fertilizer with chelated iron. If yellowed newgrowth.Use Watch forsignsofchlorosis- shrubs. Donotpruneliveoaks. Fruit Trees Vegetables Lawn Trees/Shrubs Upkeep frequently tocontrolweeds. post-emergent herbicide.Mow existing weedsortreatwith and apply½”ofwater. Pull herbicide tocontrolsandburs the grass.Applypre-emergent your footstepsleaveprintsin but nottoofrequently. Wait until indoors, nosun required. They willripen at roomtemp. first signofmature colorshows. Tomatoes canbepickedwhenthe stink bugsandleaf-footedbugs. feeding spray1x/wk.Watch for release fertilizerorapplyafoliar tomatoes -side-dresswithslow and peppers.Plant/fertilize watermelon, summersquash eggplant, pumpkin,cantaloupe, southern peas,sweetpotatoes, beforestoring.Plant: okra, dry as thetopsfalloverandallowto use “weed-and-feed”products. insects andfungus.DONOTever fight scale,orneemoilforboth lightweight horticulturaloilto water orsoapyspray. Use washed offwithastrongsprayof growth. Manyinsectscanbe mildew.powdery Checktender scale, beetles,whiteflies,and Watch forspidermites,aphids, 2-3” awayfromtrunkorstem. hold moisture.Keepmulch weeds, protectfromheat,and replenish to3-4”deepdeter –fertilize.Startwatering, –checkmulchlevels, –apply compostor –mulch.Pullonions MAY –fertilize.Prune     

slow drippinghose. Plantpalms. trees =waterdeeply withavery harmful. New trees andfruit may appearontreetrunks,not oaks. Whitewebbing“barklice” re-bloom. Donotprunelive from crepemyrtlestoencourage “suckers”. Removespentblooms Remove onlydamagedpartsand trunk. Avoid majorpruning. keeping awayfromstem/ encourage rootdevelopment. off flowersfromtransplantsto maintain production. Snip locations. Deadheadblossomsto and salviasaregoodinsunny Zinnias, petunias, celosias, and impatiens in shady areas. and sunflower. Plantcaladiums snapdragon, cosmos,marigold, bloomers likeperiwinkle,summer existing species.Plantsummer windy. dependent onhowhot,dry, or hose 1x/wkseveralhours- Water slowdripping withavery a slow-releasenitrogenfertilizer. Trees/Shrubs Upkeep Tropicals Annuals/Perennials Roses Sept. wildflower seeds. dayoverwholeyard. Collect dry fire antmoundswithbaitona watering. Treat leafcutterand plant cango1weekbetween Water deeply. Anestablished drooping leaves=needswater. 8-10 days. their springbloom.Water every climbing roseswhentheyfinish destroy diseasedleaves.Prune Watch for black spot, remove and blossoms encouragesblooming. Deadheading afterfirstspring Sept. thenwaterdeeply. – Fertilize 1x/mo through Fertilize – –watchforcurledor –fertilize1x/mothough continued oninsideback cover JUNE -mulch4”deep – fertilize InNative Our and Adapted Coastal Plants for the CoastalGarden Bend

The Aransas/San Patricio Master Gardeners Welcome You to the Coastal Bend

We are your neighbors who love to garden, have extensive For additional inspiration, ideas and information, visit the Master training, and want to share this environmentally responsible Gardeners’ Coastal Oaks Demonstration Garden located at and sustainable knowledge with you. Master Gardeners A&M AgriLife Extension - Aransas County. are volunteers who answer horticultural questions from the public, speak to local groups, present monthly brown bag Master Gardeners is a program of Texas A&M AgriLife Extension. lectures, conduct workshops, create landscape designs for non-profits, work with youth at school gardens and write Contact Information: articles for local newspapers. Aransas/San Patricio Master Gardeners Whether you’re a newcomer or an experienced pro, our 361-790-0103 • [email protected] goal is to help you with the latest and greatest science-based www.aspmastergardeners.org and on facebook information on gardening for our unique environmental conditions. Texas A&M AgriLife Extension - Aransas County Master Gardeners support our educational programs 892 Airport Road • Rockport, TX 78382-7600 with member dues, plant sales, cookbook/book sales, and 361-790-0103 • [email protected] donations. www.aransas.agrilife.org

A publication of the Aransas/San Patricio Master Gardeners IOCG Committee Members: Patty Bidwell, Chair, Sally Gale, Pamela Larson, Barbara McSpadden, Ann Smith, Nelida Spurrell and Easton-Smith Printing donated by the San Patricio Municipal Water District Revised May 2018 Contents Key

Monthly Checklist...... Inside Front/Back Covers Native to: Seasonal Interest: The time of year that CB - Coastal Bend (background shaded) the plant will be at its most striking appear- The Coastal Bend Environment...... 3 C - Central Texas ance. S - South Texas ® Bloom Color/Feature: Bloom color Plan to be Earth-Kind ...... 4 E - East Texas and/or other interesting features such as W - West Texas foliage and berries. Maintenance...... 5-6 N - North Texas Plant Selection...... 7 SE - Southeast Texas Water Requirement: SW - Southwest Texas The plant’s water needs during the growing Large Trees (Over 30 feet tall)...... 8-9 T - Native to All of Texas season after it is established. The majority Contents and Key M - Mexico of plants require more frequent watering Small Trees (Up to 30 feet tall)...... 10-11 A - Adapted - Not a Texas native while becoming established. Large Shrubs (More than 9 feet tall)...... 12-13 VL - Very Low (Water occasionally if no Height and Spread: significant rainfall for 30 days.) Medium Shrubs (From 4 feet to 9 feet tall)...... 14-15 Height and spread are provided in ranges. L - Low (Water thoroughly every 3-4 The maximum heights reflect ideal weeks if no significant rainfall.) Small Shrubs (Less than 4 feet tall)...... 16-19 conditions. M - Medium (Water thoroughly every 2-3 Light Requirement: weeks if no significant rainfall.) Succulents/Cacti...... 18-19 Sun - needs at least 6-8 hours of full, direct H - High (Water thoroughly every 5-7 Perennials...... 20-25 sun. days if no rainfall.) Sun/Part Shade - can take anywhere from Wildlife: Ornamental Grasses...... 26-27 4-8 hours of sun. Typically these plants Texas native plants provide greater wild- Groundcovers...... 28-29 bloom more in sun but require less water life value than hybrid, non-native or exotic in part shade. plants. Flowers, nectar, leaves, fruits and ...... 30-31 Shade - less than 4 hours of direct sun; or nuts provide food for wildlife and essential dappled light for 6-8 hours. cover for nesting and raising young. Annuals...... 32-33 B - Butterflies Palms/Cycads...... 34-35 Evergreen or : H - Hummingbirds E - Evergreen (Doesn’t lose leaves.) G - General wildlife including , bees Tropicals/Sub Tropicals...... 36-37 SE - Semi-evergreen and small D - Deciduous (Loses leaves in winter.) Salt Tolerant: Y - Yes N - No Invasive Plants/Alternatives...... 38 Hardiness Temperatures: Fahrenheit Index...... 39-40

Informational Sources: Lady Johnson Wildflower Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, City of Austin Plant Guide, University of , Missouri Botanical Gardens, USDA Plant Database, Texas A&M Forest Service, Wikipedia.

Cover Photo: Indian Blanket/Firewheel Photo by Pamela Larson On Right: Blue Plumbago with Giant Swallowtail Butterflies 2 Photo by Pamela Larson The Coastal Bend Environment Rainfall Trees

Average rainfall here is approximately 30 inches per year, which is much less Quality trees add to the value of a property. Trees adjusting to the than Houston’s (47 inches), and Victoria’s (39 inches). Afternoon summer constant wind or salt spray take on unusual shapes or produce branches showers that are the daily pattern in other Gulf Coast locations are not the in unexpected places. Do not assume that a misshapen tree is diseased. rule in the Coastal Bend. It may simply have character! Do not change the soil level around an existing tree in the area from the Soil tree’s trunk to the edge of its canopy. Tidy up, rather than remove plants that grow under existing native trees. This will eliminate the difficult task Our area has many different types of soil. Dig a few holes in your yard of trying to establish groundcover plants in dry shade. Native understory to find out what kind of soil you have. The soil in your yard may be plants require little or no maintenance and seldom need supplemental sand, sand with a clay layer underneath it, or deep, black clay. In the same water. Best of all these plants provide food and habitat for birds, butterflies neighborhood soil pH varies from quite alkaline to acidic enough for azaleas and wildlife. to grow without soil amendments. Test the soil. Soil test kits are available at the Extension Office. Cost is minimal and well worth it, considering the money you’ll save by not buying unnecessary soil amendments. Natives If you are landscaping a previously undisturbed home site, remember Climate that native plants are, by definition, perfectly adapted to the area. In rainy years, they flourish; in dry ones, they survive without supplemental water. Aransas and San Patricio Counties are in USDA Zone 9. Tender tropical There is a healthy diversity of native plants. Use this plant selection guide plants may grow well for several years, but they will be greatly damaged to get acquainted with the desirable native plants that you already have or killed in a severe cold snap. On the other hand, our winter is too mild on your property. for plants that require many chill hours to produce flowers and fruit and some plants that enjoy the mild winter can’t tolerate months of heat. For an updated hardiness zone map, consult http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/ PHZMWeb/. A major feature of our climate is the prevailing southeast wind. The wind is enough of a factor that newly-planted shrubs and trees must be staked, unless planted in protected locations. Constant wind plus high temperature and salt can kill new plants in a hurry. Observe the wind-swept live oaks on Fulton Beach Road in Rockport and Fulton to see the power of salt & wind. They are our claim to fame.

Photo by Pamela Larson 3

® Once you are acquainted with your surroundings and have paid a few water bills, you are probably ready to plan a landscape that requires minimal water, fertilizer, herbicide or pesticide to thrive. Texas A&M AgriLife Extension offers Earth-Kind® information to help you design a beautiful landscape that fits your needs, suits your neighborhood, and reduces the amount of yard waste going to the landfill.

Turfgrass Mulch

Turfgrass requires more water, chemicals and labor than most other A 4” layer of mulch can make the difference between gardening success and landscape plants, so you may want to limit the amount of landscape devoted failure. Mulch is crucial for cooling the soil and retaining moisture in the hot to grass. Odd-shaped areas are difficult to irrigate with automatic sprinklers, summer months. A thick layer of mulch will also prevent the germination of so those areas are natural candidates for drought-tolerant shrubs, perennials annual weeds.

Plan to be Earth-Kind or annuals. On a small lot, it is possible to surround paths and outdoor living Aransas County residents can purchase very inexpensive double-cut mulch, spaces with deeply mulched and flower beds and skip the lawn (and in bulk, from the Transfer Station (872 Airport Rd., Rockport). For a small lawn care) entirely. fee, the Transfer Station accepts clean yard waste that will be recycled into If you are adding new turf or replacing old turf, consider shopping for grass compost. Ingleside also makes mulch available free to their residents. that is drought-tolerant. Seashore Paspalum is a native grass that is both salt- Apply Transfer Station mulch with ammonium sulfate at a rate of 1 lb. per and drought-tolerant. If you don’t like to mow and have clay soil that is not 100 sq. ft. Half of the ammonium sulfate should go under the mulch and half salty choose buffalo grass. Common Bermuda requires more maintenance on top. Water well. Twice a year, in spring and fall, work the old mulch layer than buffalo grass, but it is almost as drought-tolerant. Bermuda lawns go into the soil before applying more mulch. completely dormant in hot, dry weather, but will become green again after one good rain. Zoysia tolerates some shade and requires less water than St. Don’t bag leaves. Live oak leaves that have been run over with a mulching Augustine. If you love the look of shade tolerant St. Augustine, Floratam is mower make a great spring mulch. Be Earth-Kind®; never send bagged the variety most often recommended for our area. leaves to the landfill.

Compost Conserve Water

Compost acts as fertilizer, mulch and soil conditioner all in one. It helps When you plan your landscape, group plants based on their water needs. sandy soil retain water, loosens clay soil so water can permeate, and Those needing the most water should be closest to the house where they provides nutrients needed for healthy . For a complete compost recipe will be sheltered from drying winds and easier to water. and all the help you need to make your own, contact the Extension office. If you don’t save grass clippings for compost, leave them on the lawn. When Poisonous Plants you mow, use a mulching mower and remove only the top third of the grass blade. The little bits of grass will decompose quickly, providing free fertilizer For poisoning emergencies call the American Association of Poison Control for your lawn. A hundred pounds of grass clippings will return 3-4 pounds Centers at (800) 222-1222. For more information on common plants that of nitrogen to the soil every year. Grass clippings should never be sent to are poisonous to animals, visit www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison- control/toxic-and-non-toxic plants. 4 the landfill with other trash, nor should they be blown into the storm drains. Maintenance Your landscape should be one that can be maintained without putting undue stress on our waterways and landfills – or on you!

Most homeowners water lawns and water in each can and calculate the average depth of water in all the cans. flower beds too much and too often. Then use a spade and dig down to see how far down the moisture goes. If Water only when the landscape needs it, the soil is wet three inches down after 30 minutes of watering, you know not on a time schedule. When you walk across the grass and your footprints the system must run for an hour to wet the soil to a depth of 6 inches. On remain, it’s time to water. Very early morning watering is best. sandy soil, be careful not to water so much that you send the water and nutrients past the zone. Do not water from 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. If you have a sprinkler system, find out how long it must run to wet the soil to a depth of 6 inches. That is the equivalent of an inch of rain, which Set your sprinklers to deliver large drops of water rather than fine mist. your yard needs about once a week. Set tuna cans or something similar in Then set the timer to run once a week. Get a rain sensor for your system various spots in the yard and run the sprinkler for 30 minutes. Measure the so it will not run in the rain.

Rain Barrel Fertilizer

Now is the time to explore Use the results of your soil test to determine what nutrients to add to your rainwater harvesting. Modern lawn. Less nitrogen fertilizer is appropriate for low-maintenance lawns rain barrel or cistern systems and for those in environmentally sensitive sites. Just two applications of are inexpensive, lightweight slow-release nitrogen fertilizer per year, one in spring and one in fall, are and easy to maintain. sufficient. At most, apply 1 lb. of nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft. For a complete Screens will keep pests and explanation of what to use and when to use it, get “Lawn Fertilization mosquitoes out. Contact the for Texas Warm-Season Grasses” at the Extension office. We DO NOT Extension Office for more recommend products that kill weeds and fertilize grass in one step, information or go to https:// because such products can be harmful to trees, shrubs and palms. rainwaterharvesting.tamu. edu/. Palms

Ordinary lawn fertilizer provides too much nitrogen for palms and not enough of the other nutrients that palms require. Over-pruning deprives palms of the nutrients they need and can speed their demise. Choose your palms from those we include in this guide. For detailed information The rain barrel pictured was made at on palm nutrition go online to: edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep261 or edis.ifas.ufl. a workshop sponsored by and held at the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension - edu/topic_palm_nutrition. For more information on pruning go to: edis. ifas.ufl.edu/ep443. Photo by Pamela Larson Aransas County. 5 Pruning

Study your tree carefully before you prune. Be sure you will like the view cuts on oaks. Do not top trees, including crepe myrtles. Prune carefully to once offending branches are removed. Prune in the winter months, and use direct growth when the tree is young. the three-cut pruning method to remove large branches. Use paint on all

Three-cut Pruning Method Maintenance

2. Second Cut First under- Next make the The final cut cut 12-24” second cut from should be just up from the the top all the beyond the branch branch collar. way through collar. Support the 1. Undercut This stops the branch 2-3 stub so that it does the bark from inches beyond not tear the bark. 3. Final Cut Branch Collar tearing. the first cut.

Illustration by Robert O’Brien

Oak Wilt

Precautions need to be taken when pruning to prevent the spread of To reduce the risk of oak wilt fungal spread when pruning: oak wilt. Oak wilt, a destructive disease that affects live oaks, is caused • Immediately paint fresh wounds on oaks, including pruning cuts and by the fungus Ceratocystis fagacearum. Infection is caused by beetles stumps, year round. carrying oak wilt fungal from infected oaks to fresh, open wounds • Never prune oaks from February through June. The best time to prune is July through September and December through January. on healthy oaks. The disease is then spread from tree to tree through • Clean all pruning tools with a solution of 10% household bleach and interconnected or grafted root systems. Research has shown that the 90% water between sites and/or trees. beetles that carry oak wilt spores are most active in the spring.

Insects Chemical Disposal

Most insects are not harmful. Learn to recognize and encourage beneficial Plants listed in this guide use less fertilizer and garden chemicals, but the insects in your garden. They keep harmful pests in check at no cost to you. odds are you will still need to use some. Store all chemicals safely and Contact the Extension office for information on problem insects and the dispose of them according to label instructions. Never send them to the best way to control them. Above all, don’t treat the problem until you know landfill. Your city or county will have one or two hazardous waste disposal what the problem is! days each year. Contact your local government for those dates. 6 Plant Selection

The plants included in this guide were chosen because they are as tough as they are beautiful, requiring much less water and maintenance than others you might find available for sale. Many are native to our area, and many will attract the birds, butterflies and wildlife that make living here such a pleasure.

Texas Superstars®

Texas Superstars® are strong and stunning plants for Texans. It isn’t easy AgriLife Research and the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, both part to become a Texas Superstar® plant. Only the toughest, most reliable and of the Texas A&M System. They must show superior performance under best-looking plants make the cut. Every plant earning the Texas Superstar® Texas’ tough growing conditions. During the field trials, plants receive designation undergoes several years of extensive field trials by Texas A&M minimal soil preparation, reasonable levels of water and no pesticides.

Spacing

This guide provides information on the mature height and width of plants. When installed correctly they may look meager at first, but will grow quickly and fill the area. Consider mature height and spread of trees before planting near your house or power lines. Visit the Master Gardeners’ Coastal Oaks Demonstration Garden to see mature plants.

Container Gardening Try containers to grow old favorites that are not well adapted to the Coastal Bend, or water-loving tropicals that need protection from harsh weather. Use a high-quality potting mix and a pot large enough to hold the plant for several growing seasons. Clay pots keep roots cool, but dry out quickly. Plastic pots will hold moisture longer. Be careful not to overwater.

Wildlife Attractors

In addition to our native wildlife, our little corner of the Coastal Bend is world-renowned for the wildlife that spends winters here or rests here mid-migration. With the right plants for food and cover, even the smallest back yard can be a haven for birds, butterflies and other wildlife year round. Look for the plants designated as butterfly, hummingbird and general wildlife friendly and contact the Extension office for more suggestions.

Additional Resources

Texas A&M University: https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/ Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center: https://www.wildflower.org 7 Photo by John McWilliams Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Large Trees

Anaqua Bald Cypress Elm, American Elm, Cedar Photo: TexasTrees.org Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Honey Mesquite Oak, Bur Oak, Coastal Live Oak, Lacey Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: Austin Native Landscaping.com Photo:

8 Red Mulberry Retama Sugar Hackberry Texas Ebony Large Trees Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Large Trees you may want Native to try include: Post Oak (Quercus stellata), Vitex (Vitex agnus-castus), (Eriobotrya japonica), Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Over 30’ tall. General Maintenance: eliminate crossing branches; shape a young tree in the first three years after planting to produce an attractive mature specimen. Avoid planting trees with fruit near sidewalks, pools and porches because they can be messy. For more Large Trees information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Anacua Sun/ Spring/ White/ H 1st Year Fast growing in sand, clay and loam. Fragrant. C, S 20’-45’ 45’ SE G N Ehretia anacua Part Shade Fall Fruit then L Bright orange edible fruit. Deer resistant. Fast growing (with consistent watering) in sand, clay and loam. Bald Cypress Purple/ H 1st Year E, M 50’ 30’ D Spring B, G N Montezuma Cypress (Taxodium mucronatum) is semi-evergreen. Taxodium distichum Sun then L Fruit Deer resistant. Elm, American Red/ C 60-80’ 45’ Sun D Spring M B, G N Fast growing in fertile sand or clay loam. Ulmus americana Fruit

Elm, Cedar Summer/ T 60’ 50’ Part Shade D Green L B. G N Fast growing and long living in sand to clay loam. Ulmus crassifolia Fall

Honey Mesquite Yellow/ Fast growing in sand or clay loam. Thorns. T 35’ 35’ Sun D Spring L B, G Y Prosopis glandulosa Fruit Deer resistant.

Oak, Bur Yellow, Green, L to Fast growing in sand or clay loam. T 100’ 100’ Sun D Spring Brown/ B, G Y Quercus macrocarpa Fruit M Sensitive root zone. Oak wilt resistant. Also called Southern Live Oak. Oak, Coastal Live CB, Sun/ Yellow/ L to 40-80’ 60-100’ E Spring B, G Y Slow to moderate growth in sand, clay and loam. Quercus virginiana E, S Part Shade Fruit M Susceptible to oak wilt. Oak, Lacey Sun/ Yellow/ Prefers rocky soil. Is not deer or oak wilt resistant. C, M 30’ 30’ D Spring L G N Quercus laceyi Part Shade Fruit Texas Superstar®.

Red Mulberry Sun/ Spring/ White/ L to Fast growing in sand to clay loam. E, C 40’ 40’ D B, G N Morus rubra Part Shade Summer Fruit M Black, purple or red edible fruit. Messy fruit drop.

Retama Yellow/ VL to Grows in various soils in stream bottoms, swales in S. TX. C 30’ 30’ Sun D Spring/ B, G N Parkinsonia aculeata Fall Seed Pod M Fragrant. Drought tolerant. Fast growing. Thorns, Deer resistant.

Sun/ Green/ L to Fast growing in sand, clay and loam. Sugar Hackberry E 60-80’ 60-80’ D Spring B, G Y Celtis laevigata Part Shade Fruit H Deer resistant.

Texas Ebony Spring/ White/ Moderate growth in sand. Thorns. S 25-30’ 25-30’ Sun E L B, G Y Extremely drought tolerant. Ebenopsis ebano Fall Fruit 9 Photo by Richard Snyder Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Small Trees Photo by Linda TX8, National Gardening Assoc. Photo by Linda TX8, National Gardening

Bottlebrush Brasil Crepe Myrtle Desert Willow Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: Native Plant Society of Texas

Huisache Mexican Poinciana Red Bay Texas Kidneywood Photo; TexasTrees.org Photo: SRH Trees, Inc. Photo: SRH Trees, Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by EYTE, University of Texas

10 Texas Mountain Laurel Texas Redbud Wild Olive Yaupon Holly Small Trees Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Small Trees you may want Native to try include: Anacacho Orchid (Bauhinia lunarioides), Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Up to 30 feet tall. General Maintenance: eliminate crossing branches; shape a young tree in the first three years after planting to produce an attractive mature specimen. Avoid planting trees with fruit near sidewalks, pools and porches because they can be messy. Small Trees For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Bottlebrush Spring- A 8’ 10’ Sun E Red M B, H Y Moderate growth in sand and loam. Hardy to low 20º. Callistemon rigidus Summer

Brasil Part Summer Grows in dry sand, loam, clay, and caliche. Found in dry, C, S 12-36’ 10’ SE Green L B N Condalia hookeri Shade Fall brushy pastures and woods. Thorns. Moderate growth. Recommended varieties are Crepe Myrtle Summer A 20-30’ 10’ Sun D Varies M G N Natchez White and Basham Party Pink as they are Lagerstroemia indica Fall resistant to aphids and mildew. White, Desert Willow CB, C, Spring- B, H, Fast growing in sand, loam, and clay. 15-40’ 30’ Sun D Pink, L N Chilopsis linearis W, M Fall Purple G Hardy to 10º. Deer resistant. Fragrant. Huisache Yellow/ T 15-20’ 20’ Sun SE Spring VL G Y Excellent for water wise gardens. Fragrant. Thorns. Acacia farnesiana Fruit

Mexican Poinciana Sun/ Spring- Yellow/ Moderate growth in sand, clay and loam. S, M 15-30’ 15’ E L B, H N Caesalpinia mexicana Part Shade Fall Fruit Hardy to 20º. Seeds are poisonous.

Red Bay Sun/ Yellow/ Moderate growth in sand. CB, SE 10-30’ 10-30’ E Spring M-H B, G N Persea borbonia Shade Leaves Fragrant. Leaves edible.

Texas Kidneywood Sun/ Spring- Moderate growth in sand, loam, clay and caliche. C, S 10’ 10’ D White L B N Eysenhardtia texana Part Shade Fall Fragrant. Deer resistant.

Texas Mountain Laurel CB, C, Purple/ Slow-growing in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. 20’ 12’ Sun E Spring L B Y Sophora secundiflora SW, S Seed Pod Seeds Poisonous. Fragrant. Deer resistant. Rosy Pink Texas Redbud W, C, Sun/ Grows in rock, sand, clay and loam. Cercis Canadensis 10-20’ 15’ D Spring to L-M B, G N N Part Shade Lavender Deer resistant. Wild Olive Spring- B, H, Moderate growth in sand, loam, clay and caliche. CB, S 20’ 15’’ Sun E White/ L Y Corida boissieri Fall Fruit G Hardy to 20º. Messy fruit drop.

Yaupon Holly Sun to Spring White/ Grows in sand, loam, and clay. Ilex vomitoria CB, C 20’ 15’ Shade E L-H B, G Y Understory plant. Deer resistant. Fall Fruit 11 Photo by Roz Bailey Photo by Fang Hong Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: South Nevada Water Authority Photo: South Nevada Water Large Shrubs

Cape Honeysuckle Cenizo Confederate Rose Duranta/Skyflower Photo by I. Muritatis Photo by Richard Snyder Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Esperanza Fiddlewood Fig Flowering Senna Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: Landscape Hilton Head Photos by Ernie Edmundson and Ray Kirkwood Photo: Texas A&M Research & Extension Center - Uvalde Photo: Texas

12 Mexican Buckeye Pomegranate Texas Persimmon Wax Myrtle Large Shrubs Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Large Shrubs you may want Native to try include: Feijoa or Pineapple guava (Feiojoa sellowiana), Japa- nese Yew (Podocarpus macrophylia), Arborviate (Thuja spp.). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Woody, multi-stemmed plants, more than 9 feet tall. General Maintenance: Prune for shape. As a general rule of thumb, prune flowering shrubs after they finish blooming. Large Shrubs For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Cape Honeysuckle Sun/ Spring- B, H, Fast growing in sandy, clay and loam. Hardy to 20º. A 10’ 20’ E Orange L Y Tecoma capensis Part Shade Winter G Deer resistant. Lavender Spring- Blooms after a rainfall. Deer resistant. Cenizo/Texas Sage CB, Pink 3-10’ 3-10’ Sun E L B, H Y Varieties: Texas Green, Green Cloud Leucophyllum frutescens S, W Fall White Late Sun/ White to Fast growing in sand, loam and clay. Confederate Rose A 15’ 10’ D Summer- L – N Hibiscus mutabilis Part Shade Fall Pink Blooms open white and then intensify to dark pink. Purple, Duranta/Skyflower Sun/ B, H, Grows in sand or rock. Poisonous leaves & berries. A 5-15’ 8-10’ E Summer White/ M Y ® Duranta erecta Part Shade Fruit G Hardy to 20º-25º. Deer resistant. Texas Superstar . Esperanza CB, Grows in sand and loam. Deer resistant. 10’ 10’ Sun E Spring- Yellow L B, H Y Tecoma stans S, W Fall Orange “Gold Star” variety is a Texas Superstar®.

Fiddlewood Sun/ Spring- White/ Moderate growth in sand, clay and clay loam. S 18’ 15’ E L B, G Y Citharexylum berlandieri Part Shade Summer Fruit Wind tolerant.

Fig Green/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Hardy to 10º. A 15-30’ 30’ Sun D Summer L G Y Ficus carica Fruit Edible fruit.

Flowering Senna Spring- A 10’ 10’ Sun E Yellow L B N Grows in sand and loam. Hardy to 10º. Senna corymbosa Fall Pink to Mexican Buckeye S, C, Sun/ Fast growing in sand, clay, loam and caliche. 8-12’ 12’ D Spring Purple/ L B, G Y Ungnadia speciosa W Part Shade Fruit Understory plant. Poisonous seeds. Deer resistant. Pomegranate Summer Orange-Red/ Grows in sand and clay. Hardy to 14º. A 15’ 9’ Sun D M G Y Punica granatum Fall Fruit Deer resistant.

Texas Persimmon Sun/ White/ Multi-trunked, slow growing shrub. Female tree bears fruit. E 12-20’ 8-12’ D Spring VL B, G Y Diospyros texana Part Shade Fruit Messy fruit drop. Deer resistant.

Wax Myrtle Sun/ Green/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Understory plant. Spring Morella cerifera CB, SE 12-20’ 12-20’ Part Shade E Fruit L-H B, G Y Deer resistant. 13 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Medium Shrubs Photo by Ernie Edmundson, Inset by Joseph A. Marcus Photo by Ernie Edmundson, Inset Joseph

Agarita American Beautyberry Barbados Cherry Coral Bean Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photos by Ernie Edmundson

Mexican Turk’s Cap Natal Plum Rose, ‘Belinda’s Dream’ Rose, ‘Knock Out’ Photo by Agave Guy Photo by Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Pamela Larson, Inset Ernie Edmundson

14 Texas Babybonnets Texas Torchwood Thryallis Yellow Sophora Medium Shrubs Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Medium Shrubs you may want Native to try include: Japanese Aralia (Fat- sia japonica) and Indian Hawthorn ( indica). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Woody, multi-stemmed plants. 4-9 feet tall. General Maintenance: Prune for shape. As a general rule of thumb, prune flowering shrubs after they finish blooming. Medium Shrubs For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Agarita CB, S, Sun/ Spring- Yellow/ Slow growing in loam, clay, and caliche. Fruit is edible. Thorns. 8’ 6’ E L B, G Y trifoliolata W, M Part Shade Summer Fruit Understory plant. Deer resistant.

American Beautyberry CB, E, Part Spring/ White/ Fast growing in sand, loam and clay. Purple fruit. 6’ 6’ D L B, G Y Callicarpa americana SE Shade Fall Fruit Understory plant.

Barbados Cherry Sun/ Spring- Pink/ Grows in sandy or clay loam. Has edible red fruit. CB, S 4’-6’ 5-6’ E L B, G N Malpighia Glabra Part Shade Fall Fruit Both standard and dwarf varieties. Not deer resistant.

Coral Bean CB, N, Sun/ Red/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Hardy to 28º. 9’ 9’ D Spring L H Y Erythrina herbacea C, S Part Shade Seed Pods Thorns. Seeds poisonous. May cut to ground in winter. Mexican Turk’s Cap Sun/ Spring- Red/ B, H, Malvaviscus arboreus M 9’ 9’ E M N Hardy to 28º. Large drooping blooms. Deer resistant. Var. mexicanus Part Shade Fall Fruit G Grows in clay and sand. Natal Plum Sun/ Spring/ White/ A 9’ 9’ E L B, G Y Thorns. Prostrate varieties grow to 1’ x 3’. Carissa macrocarpa Part Shade Fall Fruit Fruit is edible other parts poisonous. Deer resistant. Rose, ‘Belinda’s Dream’ Spring- L- Grows in sandy loam, and clay soils, Deer resistant. A 6-8’ 6’ Sun D Pink B Y Rosa x ‘Belinda’s Dream’ Fall M Earth-Kind® Rose and Texas Superstar®.

Rose, ‘Knock Out’ Sun/ Spring- L- Grows in sandy loam and clay. A 6’ 6’ D Red B Y Rosa radrazz x ‘Knock Out’ Part Shade Fall M Deer resistant. Earth-Kind® Rose and Texas Superstar®.

Texas Babybonnets Sun/ Spring- White- S, M 9’ 9’ E L B Y Grows in clay and sandy loam. Coursetia axillaris Part Shade Fall Pink

Texas Torchwood Sun/ Spring- White/ T 4-6’ 4-6’ E VL B, G Y Grows in sand, loam and clay. Black or blue fruit. Amyris texana Shade Fall Fruit

Thryallis Sun/ Summer- A 6’ 6’ E Yellow L B Y Moderately fast growth in sand. Hardy to 30º. Galphimia glauca Part Shade Fall Yellow Sophora Sun/ Spring- Yellow/ Sophora tomentosa S 6’ 6’ E L B, G Y Fast growing in sand. Part Shade Fall Seed Pods spp.occidentalis 15 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Small Shrubs Photo by Pamela Larson, Inset Richard Snyder

Black Dalea Blue Plumbago Chile Pequin/Petin Dwarf Yaupon Holly Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Pamela Larson, Inset Ernie Edmundson

Fern Acacia Firecracker Bush Flame Acanthus Fragrant Mistflower/Crucita Photo: City of Austin, Texas Photo: City of Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: State University, Ag Center Photo: Louisiana State University,

16 Heartleaf Hibiscus Joseph’s Coat Mexican Bush Sage Mexican Honeysuckle Small Shrubs Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Small Shrubs you may want Native to try include: Abelia (Abelia grandiflora), Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica) and St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp.). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Woody multi-stemmed plants. Less than 4 feet tall. General Maintenance: Prune for shape. As a general rule of thumb, prune flowering shrubs after they finish blooming. Small Shrubs For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Black Dalea Summer- Fast growing in sand, loam, and clay. T 1-3’ 4’ Sun E Purple L B N Dalea frutescens Fall Deer resistant.

Blue Plumbago Sun/ Spring- Fast growing in sand. Prune late winter. Root hardy. A 3-4’ 4’ E Blue L B Y Plumbago auriculata Part Shade Fall Deer resistant. All parts are poisonous. Texas Superstar®.

Chile Pequin/Petin Sun/ Spring- White/ Annual shrub. Grows in sandy loam, clay, and caliche. C, S 3-4’ 2’ D L-M G Y Capsicum annuum Shade Fall Fruit Understory plant. Deer resistant. Has edible hot fruit.

Dwarf Yaupon Holly CB, Sun/ White/ 3-4’ 3-4’ E Spring L B, G Y Slow growing in sand, loam, and clay. Ilex vomitoria S, E Shade Fruit

Fern Acacia Sun/ Summer- Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. White Acacia angustissima T 1-3’ 2’ Part Shade D Fall L B N Goes dormant in winter.

Firecracker Bush Sun/ All Red, Russelia equisetiformis A 3-4’ 5’ Part Shade E Year White L B, H Y Fast growing in sand, loam and clay. Deer resistant. Flame Acanthus Summer- Anisacanthus quadrifidus Sun/ B, H, C 3-4’ 3’ SE Fall Orange L N Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. Deer resistant. var. wrightii Part Shade G Fragrant Mistflower/Crucita Sun/ S 2-4’ 4-6’ E Fall Purple L B, G Y Fast growing in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. Chromolaena odorata Part Shade

Heartleaf Hibiscus Sun/ All *Year round bloom with no frost. S 1-3’ 1-3’ E Red L B, G N Hibiscus martianus Part Shade Year* Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche.

Joseph’s Coat Sun/ Short-Lived Perennial. Requires well drained soil. Requires cold A 1-3’ 1-2’ E Fall Leaves M G N Altemanthera dentata Part Shade weather protection. Variety ‘Little Ruby’ is a Texas Superstar®.

Mexican Bush Sage Summer- B, H Moderate growth in sand. Hardy to 15º. Silver foliage. M 3-4’ 3-5’ Sun E Purple L Y Salvia leucantha Fall G Texas Superstar®. Deer resistant.

Mexican Honeysuckle Part All A 3-4’ 4-6’ E Orange M B, H N Justicia spicigera Shade Year Fast growing. Hardy to 15º. 17 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Lee Page, Inset Ernie Edmundson

Pigeonberry Rosemary, Upright Russian Sage Skeleton-leaf Goldeneye Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photos by Ernie Edmundson Small Shrubs / Succulents Cacti

Texas Lantana Turk’s Cap, Native Woolly Butterfly Bush Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: City of Austin Watershed Protection Department Austin Watershed Photo: City of

18 Sotol, Common Thorn-crested Agave Yucca, Softleaf Yucca, Texas Red Small Shrubs / Succulents Cacti Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Other Succulents/Cacti you may Coastal Bend want to try include: South Texas Native Prickly Pear (Opuntia Ilisiana), Sedum (Crassulaceae), Kalanchoe (Kalan- choe blossfeldiana), Aloe Vera (Aloe Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and vera), Portulaca (Portulacaceae). Botanical Name Maintenance Woody multi-stemmed plants. Less than 4 feet tall. General Maintenance: Prune for shape. As a general rule of thumb, prune flowering shrubs after they finish blooming. Small Shrubs For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Pigeonberry Part Spring- White/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. T 1-2’ 1’ E M G Y Rivina humilis Shade Fall Fruit Poisonous. Deer resistant.

Rosemary, Upright Summer- Blue to Grows in sandy loam and clay. Aromatic herb. A 4’ 3’ Sun E L - Y Rosmarinus officinalis Fall White Deer resistant.

Russian Sage Summer- Grows in gravelly or rocky. A 3-5’ 2-3’ Sun D Dark Blue L B Y Perovskia atriplicifolia Fall Cut to ground in early spring for best bloom. Deer resistant.

Skeleton-leaf Goldeneye S, W, Sun/ Summer- Fast growing in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. 4’ 4’ E Yellow L B, G Y Viguiera stenoloba C Part Shade Fall Deer resistant.

Texas Lantana Sun/ Spring- B, H, Grows in sand or clay. Deer resistant. T 6’ 6’ E Orange L Y Lantana urticoides Part Shade Fall G Leaves and green berries are poisonous. Turk’s Cap, Native Sun/ Summer- Red, Pink, *Prefers part shade. Grows in loam, sand, clay and limestone. Malvaviscus arboreus B, H, S, C 2-3’ 3-5’ Shade* SE Fall White L Y ® var. drummondii G Texas Superstar . Understory plant. Moderately deer resistant. Woolly Butterfly Bush Sun/ Spring- Grows in sand, loam, and clay. 3-5’ 3-5’ E Orange B N Buddleja marrubiifolia SW Part Shade Fall L Deer resistant.

Plants having fleshy leaves or stems that store water. All cacti are succulents. Not all succulents are cacti. Succulents / Cacti For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Sotol, Common Sun/ Grows in sand, and caliche. C, W 3’ 3’ E Summer Green L - Y Dasylirion wheeleri Part Shade Thorns. Deer resistant.

Thorn-crested Agave Sun/ Grows in sand and caliche. Grows offshoots. S 1’ 2’ E Summer Green L H Y Agave lophantha Part Shade Variegated. Thorns. Deer resistant.

Yucca, Softleaf Sun/ SE 4-6’ 4’ E Summer White L H, G N Grows in sandy loam. Hardy to 15º. Deer resistant. Yucca recurvifolia Part Shade

Yucca, Texas Red Sun/ Spring- Red/ Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. Hesperaloe parviflora C, W 2-3’ 2-3’ Part Shade E Fall seed pod L H, G N Thorns. Flowers not deer resistant. Not a true yucca. 19 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Mary Ellen Sherman Perennials

Bulbine Butterfly Weed Cigar Plant,‘David Verity’ Columbine, ‘Texas Gold’ Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Sterntaler/Wikimedia Photo by Sally and Andy Wasowski Photo by Sally and

Coreopsis, ‘Lanceleaf’ Coreopsis, Tickseed Daisy, Blackfoot Daisy, Copper Canyon Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Réginald Hulhoven

20 Daisy, Four Nerve Daylily Gaura Gayfeather Perennials Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Other Perennials you may want to try Coastal Bend include: Amaryllis (Amaryllis), Native Bi-Color Iris (Dietes Bicolor), Bearded Iris (Iris Xlphioides), Oregano (Origanum vulgare), Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Fall Aster (Symphyotrichum oblongifolium), Botanical Name Maintenance Herbaceous plants that live for more than one year. General Maintenance: Transplant during season opposite of when they bloom. Prune plant 1/2 to 2/3 before transplanting. Perennials For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Bulbine Sun/ All Yellow, Orange variety blooms spring-summer; yellow variety blooms A 2’ 2’ SE L B, G Y Bulbine frutescens Part Shade Year Orange late winter. Not deer resistant. Succulent.

Butterfly Weed Sun/ Spring- Orange, Grows in sand, loam, and clay. CB, E 3’ 2’ SE L B, H Y Asclepias tuberosa Part Shade Fall Yellow No milky sap. Deer resistant.

Cigar Plant, ‘David Verity’ Sun/ Spring- Orange to B, H Small Shrub. Hybrid. Drought and heat tolerant. A 2-4’ 2-4’ E M Y Cuphea ignea ‘David Verity’ Part Shade Fall Red G Cold hardy to 10º.

Columbine, ‘Texas Gold’ Sun/ Prefers rich moist soil. Deer resistant. W 2’ 2’ E Yellow M B N Aquilegia chrysantha Part Shade Spring Texas Superstar®.

Coreopsis, Lanceleaf Sun/ Grows in sand, loam and caliche. E 2’ 1’ Yellow L-M B N Coreopsis lanceolata Part Shade E Spring Fragrant. Deer resistant.

Coreopsis, Tickseed Sun/ Spring- Prefers moist, sandy soil. Though considered an annual, it may Yellow Coreopsis tinctoria T, M 1-2’ 2’ Part Shade E Summer L-M B N bloom two to three years before dying. Deer resistant.

Daisy, Blackfoot Sun/ Spring- Wildflower that grows in sand, and caliche. White Melampodium leucanthum T 1’ 2’ Part Shade SE Fall L B, G N Deer resistant.

Daisy, Copper Canyon Sun/ Spring/ Drought tolerant, grows in thin soils and requires no fertilizer. A 3’ 5-6’ D Yellow L B, G N Tagetes lemmonii Part Shade Fall Main bloom period is late fall. Deer resistant.

Daisy, Four-Nerve Sun/ All Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. T 1’ 1’ E Yellow L B, H N Tetraneuris scaposa Part Shade Year Deer resistant.

Daylily Sun/ Spring- B, H, Prefers well drained soil. Fragrant. A 2.5’ 1’ D Various L Y Hemerocallis spp Part Shade Summer G Ivory, Red, Yellow, Orange, Pink

Gaura Sun/ Spring- White, Grows in sand, loam and clay soils. Flowers open in early T 1’ 3’ E M B, G Y Oenothera lindheimeri Part Shade Fall Pink morning. Heat tolerant. Can be aggressive.

Gayfeather Sun/ B, H Grows in sand and rock. Deer resistant. T 2’ 6” D Fall Purple L Y Liatris elegans Part Shade G Dormant winter-spring. 21 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Perennials

Goldenrod, Fragrant Hibiscus Lion’s Tail Mexican Hat Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Mexican Mint Marigold Mexican Oregano Milkweed, Tropical Mistflower, Padre Island Photo: City of Austin Texas Photo: City of Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Sally and Andy Wasowski Photo by Sally and

22 Moss Verbena Pink Skullcap Porterweed Prairie Phlox Perennials Key is located on page 2 Other Perennials Continued: Shading indicates Coastal Bend Salvia ‘ Mystic Blue Spires’ (Salvia Native longispicata x farinacea), Sunray Coreopsis (Coreopsis grandiflora), Showy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Herbaceous plants that live for more than one year. General Maintenance: Transplant during season opposite of when they bloom. Prune plant 1/2 to 2/3 before transplanting. Perennials For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Goldenrod, Fragrant Sun/ Grows in sand. Deer resistant. T 6’ 1’ SE Fall Yellow L B Y Solidago odora Part Shade Anise scented leaves. Shrub. Grows in sand, loam and clay. Dormant in winter. Hibiscus Sun/ Summer- T 2-4’ 2-4’ E Assorted M-H B, H N Native variety: Halberd-Leaf. Hibiscus spp. Part Shade Fall Texas Superstar® varieties: Moy Grande, Flare, Lord Baltimore Lion’s Tail Sun/ Summer- Large Shrub. Fast growing in all soils. Hardy to 25º. A 4-8’ 4-6’ SE Orange L B, H N Leonotis leonurus Part Shade Winter Wind tolerant. Deer resistant.

Mexican Hat Spring- Orangey Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. T 2’ 1’ Sun E L B Y Ratibida peduncularis Fall Yellow Deer resistant.

Mexican Mint Marigold Tagetes lucida M 2’ 2’ Sun E Fall Yellow L-M B N Fragrant shrub also called Mexican Tarragon. Deer resistant.

Mexican Oregano Spring- T 3’ 3’ Sun E Lavender L H N Fragrant Shrub. Deer resistant. Poliomintha graveolens Fall Red- Milkweed, Tropical Spring- Sun/ 0range w/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Deer resistant. Asclepias curassavica A 3’ 2’ SE L-M B, H Y Part Shade Fall Yellow Cut to ground Oct.-Nov. Has milky sap. Mistflower, Padre Island Sun/ All T 2’ 4’ E Blue L-M B Y Small shrub. Grows in sand and clay. Eupatorium betonicifolium Part Shade Year

Moss Verbena Spring- A 1’ 3-6’ Sun E Violet L B Y Ground cover. Semi deer resistant. Verbena tenuisecta Fall

Pink Skullcap Sun/ M 1-2’ 2-4’ E Summer Pink L-M G N Groundcover. Prefers a well-drained soil. Scutellaria suffrutescens Part Shade Blue, Porterweed Sun/ Spring- Purple, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis A 3-4’ 3-4’ E L-M B, H Y Small shrub. Fast growing. Part Shade Fall Pink White, Prairie Phlox Sun/ Pink, Grows in sand or rock. Flowers have a perfect Texas star at the Phlox pilosa T 1-2’ 1-2’ E Spring L B, H N Part Shade Purple center of each blossom. Spreads by rhizomes to form clumps. 23 Photo by Greg Grant Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Perennials

Sage, ‘Henry Duelberg’ Sage, ‘Victoria’ Sage, Mexican Bush Sage, Tropical Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo courtesy of AustinTexas.gov Photo courtesy of

Salvia, ‘Indigo Spires’ Shrimp Plant Society Garlic Spider Lily Photo by Curtis Clark Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

24 Texas Betony Winecups Yarrow, Common Zexmenia Perennials Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Other Perennials Continued: Coastal Bend Native Saltmarsh Mallow (Kosteletzkya virg- inica), Autumn Sage (Salvia greggii), Rock Rose (Pavonia lasiopetala), Pink Mint (Stachys drummondii) Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Herbaceous plants that live for more than one year. General Maintenance: Transplant during season opposite of when they bloom. Prune plant 1/2 to 2/3 before transplanting Perennials For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Sage, ‘Henry Duelberg’ Sun/ Spring- Dark B, H, Small shrub. Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. Deer resistant. T 3’ 1’ E L Y Salvia farinacea ‘Henry Duelberg’ Part Shade Fall Blue G Texas Superstar®. Variety ‘Augusta Duelberg’ blooms white.

Sage, ‘Mexican Bush’ Summer- B, H, M 4’ 3’ Sun E Purple L N ® Salvia leucantha Winter G Small shrub. Deer resistant. Texas Superstar .

Sage, Tropical Sun- Spring- B, H, Small shrub. Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. S, E 3’ 1’ E Red M Y Salvia coccinea Shade Fall G Deer resistant.

Sage, ‘Victoria’ Sun/ Spring- B, H, Small shrub. Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. T 3’ 1’ E Blue L Y Salvia farinacea ‘Victoria’ Part Shade Fall G Deer resistant.

Salvia, ‘Indigo Spires’ Sun/ Spring- B, H, Small shrub. Fast growing in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. T 3’ 5’ E Purple L-M N Salvia x ‘Indigo Spires’ Part Shade Fall G Deer resistant.

Shrimp Plant Sun/ All White, Red M 3’ 3’ E L-M H Y Small shrub. Grows in moist well-drained soil. Root hardy. Justicia brandegeana Part Shade Year Yellow

Society Garlic Summer- A 2’ 1’ Sun E Lavender M - N Fragrant. Hardy to 10º. Clumping grass-like. Tulbaghia voilacea Fall

Spider Lily Sun/ Bulbous perennial. Grows in sand, loam and clay. T 2’ 2’ E Spring White M B, G Y liriosme Part Shade Deer resistant.

Texas Betony Part Spring- T 1’ 2’ D Red M H N Ground cover. Fragrant. Deer resistant. Prefers morning sun. Stachys coccinea Shade Fall

Winecups Sun/ White, T 1’ 3’ E Spring Pink, L B Y Grows in sand, clay and loam. Deer resistant. Callirhoe involucrata Part Shade Purple Yarrow, Common Sun/ Spring- T 1-3’ 1-3’ E White, M G Y Fragrant. Achillea millefolium Part Shade Fall Pink Zexmenia Sun/ Spring- Yellow, Wedelia acapulcensis T 1’ 3’ SE L B Y Groundcover. Grows in sand, loam, clay, and caliche. var. hispida Part Shade Fall Orange 25 Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo: Wilcox Nursery, Largo FL Nursery, Photo: Wilcox

Ornamental Grasses Cordgrass, Gulf Cordgrass, Sand Inland Sea Lemon Grass Photo by Richard Snyder Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Little Bluestem Muhly, Bamboo Muhly, Big Muhly, Gulf Photo by Liz Makings Photo by Nan Hampton Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Sally and Andy Wasowski, Inset by Joseph A. Marcus Inset by Joseph Andy Wasowski, Photo by Sally and

26 Muhly, Weeping Purple Threeawn Sideoats Grama Yellow Indiangrass Ornamental Grasses Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Other Grasses you may want to Coastal Bend try include: Seacoast Bluestem Native (Schizachyrium littorale), Love Grass (Eragrostis spectabilis), Giant Sea Oats (Uniola paniculata), Mexican Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Feathergrass (Nassella tenuissima). Botanical Name Maintenance General Maintenance: Cut back by 1/3 after final frost – approximately February 15. Ornamental Grasses For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Green Sun/ Summer- Fast growing perennial in sandy tidal flats. Cordgrass, Gulf Seed T 3’ 3’ E Fall M G Y Prefers marshy conditions. Spartina spartinae Part Shade Head Brown Cordgrass, Sand Sun/ T 3-4’ 3-5’ E Fall Seed L G Y Grows in sand, clay and loam. Striking in mass plantings. Spartina bakeri Part Shade Head Green/ Shade/ Summer- Perennial. Grows in sand, loam and clay. Low maintenance Inland Sea Oats Tan SE 2-4’ 2’ D Fall M B, G N shade grass. Good for holding slopes. Deer resistant. Chasmanthium latifolium Part Shade Fruit Beige Lemon Grass Sun/ Fragrant perennial culinary grass. Winter Seed A 6’ 4’ E M-H G N Will freeze to ground and grow back. Cymbopogon citratus Part Shade Head White, Little Bluestem Sun/ Summer- A 3-4’ 1’ E Green, L B, G Y Perennial. Grows in sand, loam, and clay. Deer resistant. Schizachyrium scoparium Fall Part Shade Brown Lavender Muhly, Bamboo Sun/ Summer- Fast growing perennial in sand, loam and clay. Seed Muhlenbergia dumosa A 3-6’ 3-4’ E Fall M-L B, G N Can be aggressive. Hardy to 10º. Deer resistant. Part Shade Head White Muhly, Big Sun/ Fall- Perennial. Grows in sand, loam, and clay. Soft-textured Seed Muhlenbergia lindheimeri T 5’ 5’ E Winter M-H G Y substitute for Pampas grass. Deer resistant. Part Shade Head Pink, Muhly, Gulf T 3’ 3’ Sun E Fall Purple L-M G Y Perennial. Grows in sand and sandy loam. Deer resistant. Muhlenbergia capillaris Seed Head Straw Muhly, Weeping Striking in mass plantings. Good for erosion control. Sun/ Fall Seed A 2’ 2’ E L G N Deer resistant. Muhlenbergia dubioides Part Shade Head Purple Spring- Purple Threeawn Seed Perennial. Grows in sand, loam, and clay. Deer resistant. T 1-2’ 1’ Sun E Fall VL B, G Y Aristida purpurea Head Red, Perennial. State grass of Texas. Summer- Sideoats Grama Sun/ Orange, Grows in sand, loam and clay. Deer resistant. T 1-3’ 1-3’ D Fall M B, G Y Bouteloua curtipendula Part Shade Yellow Cut back to 6” in winter. Yellow Perennial. Grows in sand, loam and clay. Yellow Indiangrass Sun/ T 3-8’ 1’ E Fall Seed M B, G Y A beautiful grass with a somewhat metallic golden sheen to its Sorghastrum nutans Shade Head seed heads. Deer resistant. 27 Photo by Miwasatoshi Photo by Dinesh Valke Photo by Pamela Larson Photos by Pamela Larson Groundcovers

Artemesia ’Louisiana’/‘Powis Castle’ Blue Daze Coral Creeper Dalea, Black Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photos by Ernie Edmundson

Dalea, Gregg’s Frogfruit Horseherb Liriope Photo by Roz Bailey Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Sally and Andy Wasowski Photo by Sally and

28 Mexican Heather Mistflower, Gregg’s Snake Herb Woolly Stemodia Groundcovers Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Groundcovers you may want to Native try include: Ice Plant (Delosperma cooperi), Dwarf Natal Plum (Carissa macrocarpa), Purpleheart (Setcrea- sea pallida). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Herbaceous non-grass plants that grow and spread to cover the ground. Require little to no maintenance. Groundcover For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Artemesia Sun/ All Silver Artemesias that grow well in our area include ‘Powis Castle’ and A 1-3’ 4’ E L - Y Artemesia Part Shade Year Foliage ‘Louisiana’. Deer resistant.

Blue Daze All A 1’ 2-3’ Sun E Blue M-L - Y Evolvulus glomeratus Year Grows in sand and well-drained soil.

Coral Creeper Sun/ All A 1-2’ 2-3’ E Coral M B, G N Fast growing, prune to contain. Cut back in March or April. Barleria repens Part Shade Year Works well in containers. Can climb up trees/posts to 6-7’.

Dalea, Black Summer- T 1-3’ 4’ Sun E Purple L B N Fast growing in sand, loam and clay. Deer resistant. Dalea frutescens Fall

Summer- Grow in sand, loam and rock. Useful for stabilizing slopes. Dalea, Gregg’s T 6”-1’ 2-4’ Sun SE Purple VL B, G N Dalea greggii Fall Does not like fertilizer and frequent watering. Deer resistant.

Sun/ All Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. Frogfruit T 6” 6’ E White L B, G N Phyla nodiflora Part Shade Year Can be mowed. Deer resistant.

Sun/ Spring Grows in sand, loam and clay. Horseherb W, S 1’ 2’ E Yellow L B N Calyptocarpus vialis Part Shade Fall Can be mowed.

Sun/ Liriope A 1’ 1’ E Summer Purple L G Y Varieties to choose from include: Big Blue, Emerald Princess, Liriope muscari Part Shade and Variegated. Deer resistant.

Sun/ Spring- Grows in sand, loam and clay. Hardy to 28º. Mexican Heather M 1’ 6’ E Lavender L B, G Y Cuphea hyssopifolia Part Shade Fall Deer resistant.

Mistflower, Gregg’s Part Spring- Fast growing in sand, loam and clay. T 1-2’ 1’ E Purple M G Y Conoclinium greggii Shade Fall Not deer resistant.

Snake Herb Sun/ Spring- W, S 1’ 2’ E Lavender L B N Grows in sand, loam, clay and limestone. Deer resistant. Dyschoriste linearis Part Shade Fall

Woolly Stemodia Sun/ Spring- CB, S 6” 6’ E Purple L B Y Stemodia lanata Part Shade Grows in sand. Foliage is silver. Poisonous. Deer resistant. Fall 29 Vines Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Coral Honeysuckle Crossvine Cuban Pea Cypress Vine Photo by Joshua Siskin Photo by Nelida Spurrell Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Jessamine, Carolina Jessamine, Confederate Mexican Flame Vine Purple Passionflower Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

30 Snapdragon Vine Texas Trumpet Creeper Virginia Creeper Vines Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Vines you may want to try Native include: Cardinal Climber (Ipomoea x multifida), Yellow Butterfly Vine (Mascagnia Macroptera), Texas Clematis (Clematis texensis). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance Vines are plants requiring support to climb. All vines can be aggressive if not managed properly. Vines For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Coral Honeysuckle Sun/ Coral/ B, G E 25’ 3-6’ E Summer M Y Fast growing in sand and clay. Lonicera sempervirens Part Shade Fruit H Orange- Crossvine Sun/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. SE 36-50’ 1’ E Spring Red/ L-M B, H N Bignonia capreolata Part Shade Fruit Tolerates brief flooding. Deer resistant. Cuban Pea Vine Summer- Clitoria ternatea A 15’ 6’ Sun D Fall Blue L B Y Grows in sand and clay. Root hardy to 30º.

Cypress Vine Sun/ Spring- M 20’ 5’ E L N Annual vine. Seeds poisonous. Ipomoea quamoclit Part Shade Fall Red B, H

Jessamine, Carolina Sun/ Winter- Prune to direct and control growth. Fragrant. Poisonous. Gelsemium sempervirens E 20’ 3-6’ Part Shade E Spring Yellow M H, G N Deer resistant

Jessamine, Confederate Sun/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Can also be grown as a Trachelospermum jasminoides A 20’ 4-5’ Part Shade E Spring White M G N sprawling shrub or groundcover. Also called Star Jasmine.

Mexican Flame Vine Sun/ Spring- Pseudogynoxys M 10’ 3’ Part Shade E Fall Orange L-M B, G Y Fast growing in all soils. Root hardy to 20º. chenopodioides Grows in sand, loam and clay. Purple Passionflower Sun/ Spring- Purple/ B, H, SE 25’ 25’ E L Y Has an orange-yellow fruit with edible pulp. Passiflora incarnata Part Shade Fall Fruit G Deer resistant. Very aggressive. Snapdragon Vine S, W, Spring- Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. Part Shade Maurandella antirrhiniflora C 5’ 5’ D Fall Purple M B Y Deer resistant.

Texas Wisteria Sun/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Deer resistant. E 25’ 4’ Shade D Summer Purple L-H B N Other wisteria species are invasive. See page 38.

Trumpet Creeper Sun/ Red- Grows in sand, loam, clay and caliche. Campsis radicans T 35’ 8’ Part Shade E Spring Orange/ L H, G Y Very aggressive. Moderately deer resistant. Seed Pod Grows in sand, loam, clay and rock. Red fall color. Virginia Creeper Sun/ Spring/ White/ Moderately deer resistant. Poisonous blue or black fruit. Parthenocissus quinquefolia T 40’ 3-8’ Shade E Fall Fruit L B, G Y Very aggressive. 31 Annuals Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Black-eyed Susan Bluebonnets, Texas Drummond’s Phlox Greenthread Photo by Pamela Larson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Horsemint / Bee Balm Indian Blanket/Firewheel Indian Paintbrush Lazy Daisy Photo by Tom Kramer Photo by Tom Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Sally and Andy Wasowski Photo by Sally and

32 Partridge Pea Pentas / Egyptian Star Periwinkle / Vinca Petunia, ‘Laura Bush’ Annuals Key is located on page 2 Other Annuals you may want to try Shading indicates Coastal Bend include: Sleepy Daisy (Xanthisma Native texanum), Pansy (Viola Tricolor), Cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus), California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica), Texas Yellow Star (Lindheimera texana), Zinnia Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and (Zinnia). Botanical Name Maintenance Plants that complete their life cycle in one season or one year. Will self-propagate if allowed to go to seed. Annuals For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Black-eyed Susan Sun/ Spring- T 2’ 2’ - Yellow L-M B, G Y Grows in sand and clay. Deer resistant. Rudbeckia hirta Part Shade Summer Texas state flower. Grows in sand, loam and clay. Bluebonnets, Texas T 1’ 1’ Sun - Spring Blue L B N Texas Superstar®. Seeds poisonous. Plant seed in fall. Lupinus texensis Deer resistant. Variety Sandyland bluebonnet L. subcarnosus. Sun/ Drummond’s Phlox T 1’ 1’ - Spring Rose Red L B, H Y Grows in sand. Plant seed in fall. Not deer resistant. Phlox drummondii Part Shade

Sun/ Spring- Greenthread T 2’ 2-3’ - Yellow L B Y Grows in sand. Deer resistant. Thelesperma filifolium Part Shade Winter

Sun/ Spring- White, Horsemint/Bee Balm T 2’ 2’ - L B, H Y Grows in sand, loam, clay and rock. Fragrant. Deer resistant. Monarda citriodora Part Shade Summer Lavender

Indian Blanket/Firewheel Sun/ Spring- T 1’ 2’ - Red L B Y Grows in sand. Deer resistant. Gaillardia puchella Part Shade Fall

Indian Paintbrush Sun/ Grows in sand, loam and clay. Grows in clumps. E 1’ 1’ - Spring Red L B, H Y Castilleja indivisa Part Shade Start from seed in fall.

Lazy Daisy Sun/ Spring- T 1-2’ 1’ - White L - Y Grows in sand. Flowers open mid-day. Deer resistant. Aphanostephus skirrhobasis Part Shade Summer

Partridge Pea Sun/ Summer- Grows in sand and loam. Plant seed in fall for spring T 1-3’ 1-3’ - Yellow M B, G N Chamaecrista fasciculata Part Shade Fall germination. Good habitat plant.

Pentas/Egyptian Star Sun/ Spring- Easily grown in well-drained soil. Mounding. Frost tender. A 1-2’ 1-2’ - Various L-M B, H N Pentas lanceolata Part Shade Fall Red, White, Lavender, Purple or Pink.

Periwinkle/Vinca Sun/ Spring- Cora Series are a Texas Superstar®. Deer resistant. A 2’ 2’ - Various VL B, G Y Catharanthus roseus Part Shade Fall White, Pink, Red, Maroon or Coral.

Spring- Petunia, ‘Laura Bush’ ® Petunia x laura bush A 2’ 3’ Sun - Fall Purple L B, G N Prefers fertile soil. Disease resistant. Texas Superstar . 33 Photo by Geographer Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Palms & Cycads

Lady Mediterranean Fan Mexican Blue Hesper Mexican Fan Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

Pindo Pygmy Date Queen Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

34 Sabal, Dwarf Palmetto Sabal, Florida / Cabbage Sabal, Texas Sago Palm Palms / Cycads Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Coastal Bend Other Palms you may want to try Native include: Foxtail Palm (Wodyetia bifurcata), California Fan Palm (Washingtonia filifera). Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Botanical Name Maintenance General Maintenance: Plant in well-drained soil in spring or summer. Prune only completely brown leaves leaving 6-8” of frond stem attached to trunk. Apply palm fertilizer regularly. Palms For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office. Lady Shade/ Slow growing. Prefers acid soils. A 6-15’ 6-15’ E Spring Yellow M G N Rhapis excelsa Part Shade Hardy to 20º. Leaves may burn in full sun.

Mediterranean Fan Sun/ Spring/ Yellow/ Slow growing. Soil adaptable. Clump forming. A 6-15’ 6-20’ E L G Y Chamaerops humilis Part Shade Fall Fruit Orange fruit. Hardy to 15º. Mexican Blue Hesper Slow growing in sand, loam and clay. Needs good drainage. Sun/ Spring/ White/ Shiny brown fruit. Thorns. Sensitive to transplanting. Brahea armata M 50’ 16’ E L G Y Part Shade Summer Fruit Hardy to 10º. Mexican Fan Fast growing (up to 5’ per year.) Thorns. Washingtonia robusta A 70-100’ 25’ Sun E Spring White L G Y

Pindo Spring/ White/ Moderate growth in sand, loam and clay. Edible orange fruit. A 15-25’ 10-15’ Sun E L G Y Butia capitata Summer Fruit Also called jelly palm. Hardy to 14º.

Pygmy Date Sun/ Spring/ White/ Slow growing. Resistant to lethal yellowing disease. A 12’ 10’ E M G Y Phoenix roebelenii Part Shade Summer Fruit Thorns. Edible jet black dates ripen to red. Half hardy to 25º. Medium to fast growing in sand. Resistant to lethal yellowing Queen Spring/ Cream/ Syagrus romanzoffiana A 25-50’ 15-25’ Sun E L G Y disease. Large fruit clusters - up to 100 lbs. Summer Fruit Half hardy to 25º. Sabal, Dwarf Palmetto Sun/ Grows in sand and clay. Deer resistant. T 5-7’ 5’ E Summer White L-H G Y Sabal minor Part Shade Thornless. Disease resistant. Flood tolerant. Hardy to 7º. Sabal, Florida / Sun/ Spring/ White/ Slow growing. Deer resistant. Thornless. Cabbage A 30-40’ 10-15’ E L G Y Fragrant. Black Fruit. Hardy to 16º. Sabal palmetto Part Shade Summer Fruit Slow growth rate (6”-1’ per year). Difficult to transplant after Sabal, Texas Sun/ Spring/ White/ T 50’ 25’ E L G Y 1’ tall. Dark purple fruit. Deer resistant. Sabal mexicana Part Shade Summer Fruit Thornless, Disease resistant. Hardy to 12º. Cycads For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Sago Palm Sun/ Hardy to 15º. Susceptible to Asian cycad scale insect. A 12’ 8’ E - - L G Y All parts of plant are toxic. Deer resistant. Cycas revoluta Part Shade 35 ® Photo by Keisotyo Photo by Darlene Locke Photo by Forest and Kim Starr Photo: Texas A&M University - Earth-Kind Photo: Texas

Bird of Paradise Bougainvillea Fern, Holly Fern, Macho Tropicals / Sub Tropicals Tropicals Photo by Darlene Locke Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Pamela Larson, Inset Ernie Edmundson

Firebush Firespike Ginger, Shell Jatropha Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson Photo by Ernie Edmundson

36 Orchid Tree Plumeria Pride of Barbados Split-Leaf Philodendron Tropicals / Sub Tropicals Key is located on page 2 Shading indicates Other Tropicals you may want to Coastal Bend try include: Alamanda (Allamanda Native cathartica), Croton (Codiaeum variegatum), Ixora (Ixora coccinea), Mandevilla (Mandevilla sanderi), Common Name Native toHeight Spread Light RequirementEvergreen/DeciduousSeasonal InterestBloom Color/FeatureWater RequirementWildlifeSalt TolerantComments and Walking Iris (Neomarica sp.). Botanical Name Maintenance Plants native to frost-free areas near the equator. Tropicals / Sub Tropicals For more information contact the AgriLife Extension office.

Bird of Paradise Sun/ Spring- Orange & Grows in loam. Clumping plant. Hardy to 25º. A 3’ 4’ E M G N Strelitzia reginae Part Shade Fall Purple Giant form: Strelitzia nicolai is 15’ x 6’.

Bougainvillea Spring- Large shrub. Long branches require support. Hardy to 25º. A 12’ 8’ Sun E Various L - Y Bougainvillea spectabilis x glabra Fall Heavy feeder. Thorns. Many colors of bracts.

Shade/ Fern, Holly A 1-2’ 1-3’ E - - L G Y Prefers morning sun. Likes rich soil. Deer resistant. Cyrtomium falcatum Part Shade

Shade/ Fern, Macho A 3-7’ 3-5’ E - - M G Y Grows in sand and well-drained soil. Deer resistant. Nephrolepis biserrata Part Shade

Firebush Summer- B, H, Large root-hardy perennial shrub. Deer resistant. M 12’ 8’ Sun E Red L Y ® Hamelia patens Fall G Texas Superstar .

Firespike All Red, A 6’ 3’ Shade E M G Y Medium Shrub. Root-hardy to upper 20º. Odontonema tubaeforme Year Purple

Ginger, Shell Sun/ White, Perennial. Grows in sand. Hardy to mid 20º. A 6’ 3’ E Spring L G Y Alpinia zerumbet Shade Pink Deer resistant. Good container plant.

Jatropha Sun/ Spring- Large root-hardy shrub. Stems hardy to upper 20º. A 10’ 8’ E Red L B, H N Jatropha integerrima Part Shade Fall Deer resistant. All parts of plant are poisonous.

Orchid Tree Sun/ Spring- Pink - Fast-growing tree with orchid-like flowers. Hardy to 25º. A 35’ 35’ D L-M G N Bauhinia variegata Part Shade Summer Lavender All parts of plant are poisonous. Fragrant. Deer resistant. Large tender shrub. Damaged below 40º. Plumeria Sun/ Summer- A 20’ 20’ D M G Y May be dug and stored bare-root/bare-leaves for winter. Plumeria spp. Part Shade Fall Various Many colors. Some varieties fragrant. Pride of Barbados Sun/ Spring- Yellow & Large shrub. Root-hardy to 19º. Stems hardy to 30º. A 12’ 12’ D L B, H Y Caesalpinia pulcherrima Part Shade Fall Orange Texas Superstar®.

Split-Leaf Philodendron Part Shade/ - Hardy to 25º. Root-hardy below 25º. Deer resistant. Philodendron selloum A 12’ 15’ Shade E - M - Y Parts of plant are poisonous. 37 Invasive plants are non-native species that have been introduced by humans, either purposely or accidentally, and have become serious environmental pests. Not all introduced plants are invasive. Invasives displace natives reducing habitat and food for wildlife. Native or indigenous species are those that occur in a particular place without the help of humans. Natives provide food and shelter for wildlife.

Invasive Non-Invasive Alternative Invasive Non-Invasive Alternative Invasive Plants Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name

Air Potato Vine Dioscorea bubifera Purple PassionflowerPassiflora incarnata Pampas Grass Cortaderia selloana Big Muhly Muhlenbergia lindheimeri

Australian Pine Casuarina equisetifolia Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Photinia, Chinese Photinia serralifolia Yaupon Holly Ilex Vomitoria

Bamboo, Golden Phyllostachys aurea Bamboo Muhly Grass Muhlenbergia dumosa Photinia, Red Tipped Photinia × fraseri Cape Honeysuckle Tecoma capensis

Brazilian Pepper Schinus terebinthifolius Wax Myrtle Morella cerifera Privet, Common Ligustrum Dwarf Yaupon Holly Ilex Vomitoria ‘compacta’

Castor Bean Ricinus communis Split-Leaf Philodendron Philodendron Selloum Reed, Giant Arundo donax Common Reed Phragmites australis

Cats Claw Vine Macfadyena unguis-cati Crossvine Bignonia capreolata Russian Olive Elaeagnus angustifolia Wild Olive Cordia Boissieri Cenizo/Texas Sage Leucophyllum frutescens Chinaberry Melia azedarach Sugarberry Hackberry Celtis laevigata

Chinese Tallow Triadica sebifera Chinquapin Oak Quercus muehlenbergii Salt Cedar Tamarix aphylla Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum Taxodiummucronatum Elephant Ear Colocasia esculenta Caladium Caladium x hortulanum Montezuma Cypress

Firethorn Pyracantha coccinea Yaupon Holly Ilex Vomitoria Salvinia, Giant Salvinia molesta Water Lily Nymphaea

Honeysuckle, Japanese Lonicera japonica Coral Honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens Tree of Heaven Ailanthus altissima Chinquapin Oak Quercus muehlenbergii

Ivy, English Hedera helix Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia Water Hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes Arrowhead Dioscorea bubifera

Pistia stratiotes Nymphaea Ligustrum, Japanese or Wax Leaf Yaupon Holly Ilex Vomitoria Water Lettuce Water Lily

Ligustrum japonicum Barbados Cherry Malpighia glabra Wisteria, Chinese Texas Wisteria Wisteria frutescens

Mimosa Albizia julibrissin Desert Willow Chilopsis linearis Wisteria, Japanese Purple PassionflowerPassiflora incarnata

Mulberry, White Morus alba Red Mulberry Morus rubra

Nandina Nandina domestica Barbados Cherry Malpighia glabra 38 For more information see texasinvasives.org. Index - Common Name Common Name Page Name Page Name Page Name Page Name Page Agarita...... 15 Daisy, Copper Canyon. . . .21 Jessamine, Confederate. . . 31 Palm, Sabal, Dwarf Palmetto. 35 Society Garlic...... 25 Air Potato Vine ...... 38 Daisy, Four-Nerve...... 21 Joseph’s Coat...... 17 Palm, Sabal, Florida / Sotol, Common...... 19 American Beautyberry. . . .15 Dalea, Black...... 17, 29 Lazy Daisy...... 33 Cabbage...... 35 Spider Lily...... 25 Anacua...... 9 Dalea, Gregg’s...... 29 Lemon Grass...... 27 Palm, Sabal, Texas. . . . . 35 Split-Leaf Philodendron. . . 37 Artemesia...... 29 Daylily ...... 21 Ligustrum, Japanese or Palm, Sago ...... 35 Sugar Hackberry ...... 9 Australian Pine ...... 38 Desert Willow...... 11 Wax Leaf...... 38 Pampas Grass ...... 38 Bald Cypress...... 9 Drummond’s Phlox . . . . .33 Lions Tail...... 23 Partridge Pea...... 33 Texas Babybonnets . . . . .15 Bamboo, Golden ...... 38 Duranta/Skyflower. . . . . 13 Liriope...... 29 Pentas/Egyptian Star. . . . 33 Texas Betony...... 25 Barbados Cherry ...... 15 Dwarf Yaupon Holly. . . . .17 Little Bluestem...... 27 Periwinkle/Vinca...... 33 Texas Ebony...... 9 Bird of Paradise...... 37 Elephant Ear ...... 38 Mexican Buckeye...... 13 Petunia, ‘Laura Bush’. . . . 33 Texas Kidneywood. . . . . 11 Black Dalea ...... 17, 29 Elm, American...... 9 Mexican Bush Sage. . . 17, 25 Photinia, Chinese...... 38 Texas Lantana ...... 19 Photinia, Red Tipped . . . . 38 Black-eyed Susan...... 33 Elm, Cedar...... 9 Mexican Flame Vine. . . . .31 Texas Mountain Laurel. . . .11 Blue Daze...... 29 Esperanza...... 13 Mexican Hat...... 23 Pigeonberry...... 19 Texas Persimmon...... 13 Blue Plumbago...... 17 Fern Acacia ...... 17 Mexican Heather ...... 29 Pink Skullcap...... 23 Bluebonnets, Texas . . . . .33 Fern, Holly...... 37 Mexican Honeysuckle . . . .17 Plumeria...... 37 Texas Redbud...... 11 Bottlebrush ...... 11 Fern, Macho...... 37 Mexican Mint Marigold . . . 23 Pomegranate...... 13 Texas Torchwood...... 15 Bougainvillea...... 37 Fiddlewood...... 13 Mexican Oregano...... 23 Porterweed ...... 23 Texas Wisteria...... 31 Brasil...... 11 Fig...... 13 Mexican Poinciana. . . . . 11 Prairie Phlox ...... 23 Thorn-crested Agave. . . . 19 Brazilian Pepper ...... 38 Firebush...... 37 Mexican Turk’s Cap . . . . .15 Pride of Barbados . . . . . 37 Thryallis...... 15 Bulbine...... 21 Firecracker Bush ...... 17 Milkweed, Tropical. . . . . 23 Privet, Common Ligustrum. .38 Tree of Heaven ...... 38 Butterfly Weed...... 21 Firespike...... 37 Mimosa...... 38 Purple Passionflower. . . . 31 Trumpet Creeper ...... 31 Cape Honeysuckle. . . . . 13 Firethorn ...... 38 Mistflower, Fragrant/Crucita. .17 Purple Threeawn...... 27 Castor Bean ...... 38 Flame Acanthus...... 17 Mistflower, Gregg’s . . . . .29 Red Bay...... 11 Turk’s Cap, Native...... 19 Cats Claw Vine ...... 38 Flowering Senna ...... 13 Mistflower, Padre Island. . . . .23 Red Mulberry...... 9 Virginia Creeper...... 31 Cenizo/Texas Sage. . . . . 13 Frogfruit...... 29 Moss Verbena ...... 23 Reed, Giant Arundo donax. . 38 Water Hyacinth...... 38 Chile Pequin/Petin. . . . . 17 Gaura...... 21 Muhly, Bamboo...... 27 Retama...... 9 Water Lettuce...... 38 Chinaberry ...... 38 Gayfeather...... 21 Muhly, Big...... 27 Rose, ‘Belinda’s Dream’. . . 15 Wax Myrtle...... 13 Chinese Tallow ...... 38 Ginger, Shell...... 37 Muhly, Gulf...... 27 Rose, ‘Knock Out’ . . . . . 15 Wild Olive...... 11 Cigar Plant, ‘David Verity’. . .21 Goldenrod, Fragrant. . . . .23 Muhly, Weeping...... 27 Rosemary, Upright. . . . . 19 Winecups...... 25 Columbine, ‘Texas Gold’. . . 21 Greenthread...... 33 Mulberry, White...... 38 Russian Olive ...... 38 Wisteria, Chinese . . . . . 38 Confederate Rose...... 13 Heartleaf Hibiscus. . . . . 17 Nandina...... 38 Russian Sage...... 19 Coral Bean...... 15 Hibiscus...... 23 Natal Plum...... 15 Sage, ‘Henry Duelberg’ . . . 25 Wisteria, Japanese . . . . .38 Coral Creeper...... 29 Honey Mesquite...... 9 Oak, Bur...... 9 Sage, ‘Mexican Bush’. . .17, 25 Woolly Butterfly Bush . . . .19 Coral Honeysuckle. . . . . 31 Honeysuckle, Japanese . . . 38 Oak, Coastal Live...... 9 Sage, Tropical ...... 25 Woolly Stemodia...... 29 Cordgrass, Gulf...... 27 Horseherb ...... 29 Oak, Lacey...... 9 Sage, ‘Victoria’...... 25 Yarrow, Common...... 25 Cordgrass, Sand ...... 27 Horsemint/Bee Balm . . . . 33 Orchid Tree...... 37 Salt Cedar ...... 38 Yaupon Holly...... 11 Coreopsis, Lanceleaf. . . . 21 Huisache ...... 11 Palm, Lady...... 35 Salvia, ‘Indigo Spires’ . . . .25 Yellow Indiangrass. . . . . 27 Coreopsis, Tickseed. . . . .21 Indian Blanket/Firewheel . . .33 Palm, Mediterranean Fan. . .35 Salvinia, Giant ...... 38 Yellow Sophora...... 15 Crepe Myrtle ...... 11 Indian Paintbrush...... 33 Palm, Mexican Blue Hesper. .35 Shrimp Plant...... 25 Crossvine...... 31 Inland Sea Oats...... 27 Palm, Mexican Fan. . . . . 35 Sideoats Grama...... 27 Yucca, Softleaf...... 19 Cuban Pea Vine...... 31 Ivy, English ...... 38 Palm, Pindo...... 35 Skeleton-leaf Goldeneye. . . 19 Yucca, Texas Red...... 19 Cypress Vine...... 31 Jatropha...... 37 Palm, Pygmy Date. . . . . 35 Snake Herb ...... 29 Zexmenia...... 25 Daisy, Blackfoot...... 21 Jessamine, Carolina. . . . .31 Palm, Queen...... 35 Snapdragon Vine...... 31 39 Scientific Name Page Scientific Name Page Scientific Name Page Scientific Name Page Scientific Name Page Acacia angustissima . 17 Chasmanthium latifolium. . 27 Hymenocallis liriosme. . . 25 Perovskia atriplicifolia. . . 19 Scutellaria suffrutescens. . 23 Acacia farnesiana . . . . . 11 Chilopsis linearis. . . . . 11 Ilex vomitoria . 11 Persea borbonia. 11 Senna corymbosa . 13 Achillea millefolium. . . . 25 Chromolaena odorata. 17 Ilex vomitoria . 17 Petunia x laura bush . 33 Solidago odora...... 23 Agave lophantha . . . . . 19 Citharexylum berlandieri . . 13 Ipomoea quamoclit . . . . 31 Philodendron selloum. . . 37 Sophora secundiflora. 11 Ailanthus altissima. 38 Clitoria ternatea. 31 Jatropha integerrima. 37 Phlox drummondii . 33 Sophora tomentosa Albizia julibrissin. . . . . 38 Colocasia esculenta. . . . 38 Justicia brandegeana . 25 Phlox pilosa ...... 23 spp.occidentalis . 15 Alpinia zerumbet . . . . . 37 Condalia hookeri . . . . . 11 Justicia spicigera . . . . . 17 Phoenix roebelenii. 35 Sorghastrum nutans . 27 Altemanthera dentata . 17 Conoclinium greggii. . . . 29 Lagerstroemia indica. 11 Photinia x fraseri. . . . . 38 Spartina bakeri...... 27 Amyris texana ...... 15 Coreopsis lanceolata. 21 Lantana urticoides. 19 Photinia serralifolia . . . . 38 Spartina spartinae. 27 Anisacanthus quadrifidus var. Coreopsis tinctoria. 21 Leonotis leonurus . 23 Phyla nodiflora...... 29 Stachys coccinea . . . . . 25 wrightii...... 17 Corida boissieri. 11 Leucophyllum frutescens. . 13 Phyllostachys aurea. . . . 38 Stachytarpheta jamaicensis. 23 Aphanostephus skirrhobasis. 33 Cortaderia selloana . . . . 38 Liatris elegans...... 21 Pistia stratiotes . 38 Stemodia lanata . 29 Index - Scientific Name Aquilegia chrysantha. 21 Coursetia axillaris. . . . . 15 Ligustrum . 38 Plumbago auriculata . 17 Strelitzia reginae . . . . . 37 Aristida purpurea . . . . . 27 Cuphea hyssopifolia. . . . 29 Ligustrum japonicum. 38 Plumeria spp.. 37 Syagrus romanzoffiana . 35 Artemesia...... 29 Cuphea ignea ‘David Verity’. 21 Liriope miscari...... 29 Poliomintha graveolens. 23 Tagetes lemmonii. . . . . 21 Arundo donax ...... 38 Cycas revoluta...... 35 Lonicera joponica. . . . . 38 Prosopis glandulosa . 9 Tagetes lucida ...... 23 Asclepias curassavica . . . 23 Cymbopogon citratus. 27 Lonicera sempervirens. . . 31 Pseudogynoxys Tamarix aphylla . 38 Asclepias tuberosa. 21 Cyrtomium falcatum . 37 Lupinus texensis. . . . . 33 chenopodioides. . . . . 31 Taxodium distichum. . . . . 9 Barleria repens...... 29 Dalea frutescens . . . . 17, 29 Macfadyena unguis-cati . 38 Punica granatum. . . . . 13 Tecoma capensis. . . . . 13 Bauhinia variegata. 37 Dalea greggii. 29 Mahonia trifoliolata . . . . 15 Pyracantha coccinea . 38 Tecoma stans. 13 Bignonia capreolata. . . . 31 Dasylirion wheeleri. 19 Malpighia Glabra. . . . . 15 Quercus laceyi...... 9 Tetraneuris scaposa. . . . 21 Bougainvillea spectabilis Dioscorea bubifera. 38 Malvaviscus arboreus Quercus macrocarpa. 9 Thelesperma filifolium. . . 33 x glabra. 37 Diospyros texana . . . . . 13 var. drummondii. 19 Quercus virginiana . 9 Trachelospermum Bouteloua curtipendula . 27 Duranta erecta...... 13 Malvaviscus arboreus Ratibida peduncularis . . . 23 jasminoides...... 31 Brahea armata...... 35 Dyschoriste linearis. . . . 29 Var. mexicanus. . . . . 15 Rhapis excelsa...... 35 Triadica sebifera. 38 Buddleja marrubiifolia. . . 19 Ebenopsis ebano...... 9 Maurandella antirrhiniflora. 31 Ricinus communis . 38 Tublbaghia voilacea. . . . 25 Bulbine frutescens . 21 Ehretia anacua...... 9 Melampodium leucanthum. 21 Rivina humilis ...... 19 Ulmus americana ...... 9 Butia capitata . 35 Eichhornia crassipes. 38 Melia azedarach . 38 Rosa radrazz x ‘Knock Out’. 15 Ulmus crassifolia ...... 9 Caesalpinia mexicana. 11 Elaeagnus angustifolia . . . 38 Monarda citriodora . . . . 33 Rosa x ‘Belinda’s Dream’. . 15 Ungnadia speciosa. 13 Caesalpinia pulcherrima. 37 Erythrina herbacea. 15 Morella cerifera. 13 Rosmarinus officinalis . . . 19 Verbena tenuisecta. 23 Callicarpa americana. 15 Eupatorium betonicifolium. 23 Morus alba. 38 Rudbeckia hirta. 33 Viguiera stenoloba . 19 Callirhoe involucrata . 25 Evolvulus glomeratus. 29 Morus rubra...... 9 Russelia equisetiformis. 17 Washingtonia robusta . . . 35 Callistemon rigidus . . . . 11 Eysenhardtia texana. . . . 11 Muhlenbergia capillaris. 27 Sabal mexicana. 35 Wedelia acapulcensis Calyptocarpus vialis. . . . 29 Ficus carica...... 13 Muhlenbergia dubioides. 27 Sabal minor...... 35 var. hispida. 25 Campsis radicans. . . . . 31 Gaillardia puchella. 33 Muhlenbergia dumosa . . . 27 Sabal palmetto...... 35 Wisteria floribunda. 38 Capsicum annuum . 17 Galphimia glauca. . . . . 15 Muhlenbergia lindheimeri. 27 Salvia coccinea . 25 Wisteria frutescens . . . . 31 Carissa macrocarpa. . . . 15 Gelsemium sempervirens. 31 Nandina domestica . . . . 38 Salvia farinacea ‘ Wisteria sinensis. . . . . 38 Castilleja indivisa. . . . . 33 Hamelia patens . 37 Nephrolepis biserrata. 37 Henry Duelberg’. 25 Yucca recurvifolia. . . . . 19 Casuarina equisetifolia . . . 38 Hedera helix ...... 38 Odontonema tubaeforme. . 37 Salvia farinacea ‘Victoria’. . 25 Catharanthus roseus. 33 Hemerocallis spp . . . . . 21 Oenothera lindheimeri. . . 21 Salvia leucantha . 17, 25 Celtis laevigata...... 9 Hesperaloe parviflora. 19 Parkinsonia aculeata . 9 Salvia x ‘Indigo Spires’. . . 25 Cercis Canadensis. 11 Hibiscus martianus . . . . 17 Parthenocissus quinquefolia. 31 Salvinia molesta. 38 Chamaecrista fasciculata. . 33 Hibiscus mutabilis. 13 Passiflora incarnata. . . . 31 Schinus terebinthifolius . 38 40 Chamaerops humilis . 35 Hibiscus spp. . 23 Pentas lanceolata . . . . . 33 Schizachyrium scoparium. 27 Monthly Garden Checklist – let drylet – out 1-2” – transplant all – transplant any – transplant – pick ripe fruit. – continue planting – plant: carrots, – plant: carrots, – cut back tropical DECEMBER – watch for freeze – do not fertilize. Apply fertilize. do not – – get all blades sharpened. – get all blades sharpened. warnings. Do all Nov. upkeep if upkeep warnings. Do all Nov. not already done, is predicted. Water everything Water is predicted. Check freeze. to a predicted prior irrigation system/drip sprinkler Clean/sharpen all for leaks. tools and wipe with gardening oil. light coat of chard, collards, garlic, lettuce, chard, collards, garlic, spinach, mustard, onion, radish cauliflower, turnips, cabbage, broccoli, kale. Harvest fruiting or they will stop veggies regularly, tomatoes/ producing. Protect blankets. peppers from frost with Plant fall Plant strawberries. herbs: oregano, sage, thyme, dill, and fennel. chives, parsley, cool season crops. Start warm weather crop seeds indoors. herbicide to lawn to control winter annual weeds. Use product that lists weeds that need to be if a few weeks controlled. Water go by with no rain. Water your lawn, if no rain. Water below surface before watering. Upkeep Trees/Shrubs Lawn Vegetables Fruit Trees Indoor plants Trees/Shrubs Lawn Vegetables Milkweed Remove all before freeze. Fruit can tolerate freezes down to about 26 degrees. milkweed and keep cut until cut keep and milkweed February. varieties except tropicals and palms. Continue to remove problem and invasive species. OK to prune live oaks. except tropicals and palms. OK to and palms. OK to except tropicals prune live oaks.

          – plant almost – sow bluebonnet – sow bluebonnet – plant cool season: – deep water 1x/2wks water deep – OCTOBER – Fertilize once then – Fertilize once then – avoid planting NOVEMBER – mulch everything. – heavily mulch to – heavily mulch – cut off old blooms, old off cut – – transplant in well drained – fertilize lightly with remove dead canes, thin canes canes thin canes, dead remove 1/3 of bush. Fertilize and take off Sept. then water1x/mo through every days. Water 8-10 deeply. area w/ min. 8 hrs of sun. Avoid heavy pruning. Water if no heavy pruning. Water Avoid rain. Gather old sheets/blankets to cover tropicals if cold snap protect roots, keep it away from protect roots, keep it watering on back Cut stem/trunk. overall. Less sun, more rain = fungal problems. wait until March to fertilize again. wait until March see January list. Sow onion seeds. Great time for herbs. Plant chives, oregano, basil, sage, cilantro, dill, parsley, thyme, rosemary in sunny spot. in succession each week through week through each in succession crops season Plant warm Oct. days. within 45-60 that fruit “winterizing” fertilizer (high potassium). Pull sandburs. Check for chinch bugs in dead areas. Wildflowers Fruit Trees Fruit Roses Tropicals Tropicals Wildflowers Upkeep Upkeep Shrubs/Trees Lawn Vegetables Roses and other wildflower seeds. seeds. and other wildflower drained well sunny, a Choose site. Rake soil surface. Keep area moist for 1-2 weeks. and other wildflower seeds. and other wildflower seeds. drained well sunny, a Choose site. Rake soil surface. Keep area moist for 1-2 weeks. anything. Do not prune heavily. anything. Do not prune heavily. OK to prune live oaks.

            – annuals: – transplant. Don’t – sow bluebonnet – water well with – water – Plant transplants – water 1x/week. – water 1x/week. SEPTEMBER – drain standing water – prune bush varieties – prune – add compost. Apply pre- lightly (up to 1/3) to stimulate fall 1/3) to stimulate fall lightly (up to through 1x/mo Fertilize flowering. Water Sept. then water deeply. every days. 8-10 to control mosquitoes. When shopping for plants, look for no disease strong, good color, plant is tall, as roots as deep with around inside pot. not circling Fertilize 1x/mo though Sept.. by Sept. 15. Plant cool season seeds – see Jan. for list. and plant marigolds. Plan fall garden, but but fall garden, Plan marigolds. Start to plant. Sept. wait until for later transplanting. seeds emergent herbicide – Do NOT use weed/feed products. They kill landscape and trees weaken or plants. Lawn Vegetables Annuals/Perennials Tropicals Wildflowers Upkeep Trees/Shrubs Fruit Trees -- New = 1x/2wks. slow drip hose = 1x/mo. Established Roses and other wildflower seeds. and other wildflower seeds. drained well sunny, a Choose site. Rake soil surface. Keep area moist for 1-2 weeks. trim back to stimulate growth and trim back to stimulate Sept.., blooms. Fertilize through 1x/8-10 days. Sow: deeply water seeds. zinnia and sunflower well-drained Choose a sunny, site, rake soil surface; keep area moist for 1-2 weeks. bring in special soil, they need to Add soil. native the to acclimate until 1-2x/wk compost. Water established, Mulch after planting. Mulch existing plants, keeping away from stem/trunk. Water established plants 1x/2wks. OK to trim live oaks. Plant palms.

         – remove – water well with – watch for insects – watch for insects – pull spent plants. – solarize cleared cleared – solarize AUGUST – fertilize 1x/mo though – check for heat stress – prune dead wood. – prune dead wood. – Bermuda grass may be Fertilize thenSept. through 1x/mo every 8-10 Water deeply. water days. and water deeply. Check for Check and water deeply. sucking insects, treat with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil. Add compost. Check roots for root-knot nematodes – DON’T compost these, dispose in garbage. Nematodes = solarize or plant elbon or French Sept. vegetable or flower bed: water, water, bed: flower or vegetable clear of layer a with cover then to edges) along (secure plastic and weed seeds. kill nematodes until ready to Leave covered Non-fruiting plant in September. can be kept alive to pepper plants in fall. resume fruiting dormant and should green back Water up with cooler weather. in early AM – prevents fungal problems. (control with insecticidal soap (control with insecticidal greening – or neem oil). Citrus misshapen signs: yellow shoots, Ex Agent fruit. Contact County immediately for verification. Trees/Shrubs Lawn Vegetables Annuals/Perennials Tropicals Upkeep Fruit Trees Roses Vegetables spent plants. Add compost. Mulch area with 3-4” mulch. Deadhead blooms to keep blooming. slow drip hose. New = 1x/2wks. New = drip hose. slow Established = 1x/mo. OK to trim live oaks; paint all cuts Prune vigorously immediately. growing shrubs. Plant palms.

         – plant heat – established = JULY – check for stink – check – collect seeds. Native seeds. collect – – fertilize 1x/mo though – too hot for fertilizer. Get – too hot for fertilizer. – prune dead wood. – prune dead wood. – mower on highest setting. – see footprints = water, water, = footprints see – Fertilize thenSept. through 1x/mo every 8-10 Water deeply. water days. ready for hummingbirds; clean feeders, plant hummer friendly plants: yaupon, bottlebrush, cape honeysuckle, coral vine, firebush, pentas, pride of Barbados, turk’s cap, verbena, crossvine, sage, lantana. esperanza, Texas Sept. and leaf-footed bugs; pick off. and leaf-footed bugs; setting not or dropping Fruit Fertilize = not enough water. Harvestpeppers. as much as decline possible before plants avoid disease, pull from heat. To nonproducing plants. Cut back water to 1x/wk. as needed, not on a schedule. schedule. on a not needed, as while green. Pull/dig sandburs height to help Raise mower grass survive hot summer. long where needed. Water Plant grass established. frequently until Lawn Trees/Shrubs Upkeep Milkweed Tropicals Annuals/Perennials Roses Vegetables Lawn tolerant varieties for fall color – Mexican bush sage, salvias, sun coleus, dianthus, gaura, purslane, portulaca, mandevillas. is best, but tropical is OK as long as it is cut to ground every winter. water 1x/2wks deeply. Young = Young water 1x/2wks deeply. Trim for 1st year. 1-2x/wk water dead wood. OK to trim live oaks, if needed, but Dec/Jan is best. Paint cuts. Deadhead blooms to keep plants flowering. Plant palms.

        continued from inside front cover front inside from continued 