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Radio Science Bulletin December 2013

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Radio Science Bulletin December 2013 INTERNATIONAL UNION UNION OF RADIO-SCIENTIFIQUE RADIO SCIENCE INTERNATIONALE ISSN 1024-4530 Bulletin No 347 Radio Science December 2013 URSI, c/o Ghent University (INTEC) St.-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Contents Editorial ....................................................................................................................... 3 URSI GASS.................................................................................................................. 5 Awards for Young Scientists - Conditions ................................................................. 7 Massive MIMO Systems: Signal Processing Challenges and Future Trends ........ 8 Highly Efficient Class-F RF Power Amplifiers with Very Low Distortion ........... 21 Simultaneous Retrieval of Sea-SurfaceWind Speed and Sea-Surface Tempera- ture from a Multi-Frequency ScanningMicrowave Radiometer ...................... 32 On the Road Towards Green Radio ........................................................................ 40 Book Reviews for Radioscientists ............................................................................ 57 Conferences ............................................................................................................... 58 News from the URSI Community ............................................................................ 63 International Geophysical Calendar 2014 .............................................................. 65 Call for Papers ........................................................................................................... 72 List of URSI Officials ................................................................................................ 75 Information for authors ........................................................................................... 99 Front cover. The evolution from coverage- and capacity-driven telecommunications to energy-efficient green radio communications. See the paper by Jacques Palicot et al. pp. 40-56. EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Phil Wilkinson (URSI President) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF W. Ross Stone EDITOR URSI Secretary General W. Ross Stone PRODUCTION EDITORS Paul Lagasse Inge Heleu 840 Armada Terrace Dept. of Information Technology Inge Lievens San Diego, CA92106 Ghent University USA St. Pietersnieuwstraat 41 SENIOR ASSO CIATE EDITORS Tel: +1 (619) 222-1915 B-9000 Gent O. Santolik Fax: +1 (619) 222-1606 Belgium A. Pellinen-Wannberg E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (32) 9-264 33 20 ASSOCIATE EDITOR FOR ABSTRACTS Fax : (32) 9-264 42 88 P. Watson E-mail: [email protected] ASSOCIATE EDITOR FOR BOOK REVIEWS K. Schlegel ASSOCIATE EDITOR FOR HISTORICAL PAPERS J. Mathews ASSOCIATE EDITORS For information, please contact : P. Banerjee & Y. Koyama (Com. A) S. Paloscia (Com. F) The URSI Secretariat A. Sihvola (Com. B) I. Stanislawska (Com. G) c/o Ghent University (INTEC) S. Salous (Com. C) M.M. Oppenheim (Com. H) Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent, Belgium P-N Favennec (Com. D) J. Baars (Com. J) Tel.: (32) 9-264 33 20, Fax: (32) 9-264 42 88 D. Giri (Com. E) E. Topsakal (Com. K) E-mail: [email protected] http://www.ursi.org The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) is a foundation Union (1919) of the International Council of Scientific Unions as direct and immediate successor of the Commission Internationale de Télégraphie Sans Fil which dates from 1913. Unless marked otherwise, all material in this issue is under copyright © 2013 by Radio Science Press, Belgium, acting as agent and trustee for the International Union of Radio Science (URSI). All rights reserved. Radio science researchers and instructors are permitted to copy, for non-commercial use without fee and with credit to the source, material covered by such (URSI) copyright. Permission to use author-copyrighted material must be obtained from the authors concerned. The articles published in the Radio Science Bulletin reflect the authors’ opinions and are published as presented. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the publisher. Neither URSI, nor Radio Science Press, nor its contributors accept liability for errors or consequential damages. 2 The Radio Science Bulletin No 347 (December 2013) Editorial Submit a Paper to the held as part of the symposium, and we are fortunate to have this paper in this issue. Power GASS! amplifiers play a critical role in determining both the transmission performance and the The URSI XXXIth General Assembly battery lifetime of mobile devices. Achieving and Scientific Symposium will be held August low distortion with high efficiency, while at the 17-23, 2014, in Beijing, China (CIE). The call same time reducing the circuit complexity, is a for papers appears in this issue, and everyone challenge. The authors describe a new class-F is welcome to submit a paper. The deadline power-amplifier design that achieves these for submission is February 15, 2014, and goals over significant bandwidths for both the the Web site (http://www.chinaursigass. 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands. The paper com) is open for submissions now. There begins with a review of the challenges associated are also opportunities for support for Young with power amplifiers, and the advantages and Scientists. The US National Committee of URSI is again challenges associated with class-F designs. The design of sponsoring a Student Paper Competition. This is going to the amplifiers for the two frequency bands is introduced. be a historic meeting. I urge you to submit a paper, and to The design uses a harmonic tuning structure that eliminates plan on attending. the need for an extra filtering section. This tuning structure also results in very low harmonic distortion. The fabrication of the amplifiers, and the measurements performed to verify Our Papers their performance, are described. As an example, efficiencies higher than 60% over a bandwidth of 225 MHz, and higher MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) radio systems than 70% over a bandwidth of 105 MHz, were obtained have opened a new era in increased data communications for the 900 MHz amplifier. The total harmonic distortion throughput and in the ability to overcome propagation was around 1.2%. limitations. In his paper, Rodrigo de Lamare looks at the next major evolution of MIMO systems: massive MIMO The efforts of Francisco Ares in bringing us this paper systems, in which one or both ends of the communication are gratefully acknowledged. link have very large numbers of antennas. The paper begins with an overview of MIMO networks, and explains the Satellite radiometers measure the brightness advantages of such architectures. The major ingredients for temperature of the sea surface at multiple frequencies and a massive MIMO network are then introduced, along with with different polarizations. Simultaneously obtaining the signal-processing challenges involved in such networks. useful geophysical parameters, such as the sea-surface wind Several scenarios in which massive MIMO networks speed and the sea-surface temperature, from such data is could be used are identified, including multibeam-satellite, a challenge. This is the topic of the paper by Debadatta cellular, and wireless local-area networks. The downlink Swain. The focus is on the use of a model based on an and uplink signal-processing models for massive MIMO artificial neural network to simultaneously retrieve both networks are presented and discussed. This leads to an in- these parameters from data from the radiometer on the depth look at a number of signal-processing considerations IRS-P4 satellite, over the North Indian Ocean. The paper for massive MIMO networks, for both the transmitting and begins with a discussion of the challenges of doing this. The receiving parts of a network. Two simulations of massive available data is described. For the case of the data used MIMO networks are described. The results demonstrated in this study, brightness-temperature measurements at four the relative performance of the various signal-processing frequencies and two polarizations over a one-year period techniques that were described. The paper concludes with were used. Two methods for recovering the parameters a look at future trends in this area, and emerging topics for were used, and compared with each other and with data future research. obtained from sea buoys. One method was the artificial neural network, which is described. The second method, The efforts of Sana Salous in bringing us the contribution a multiple regression technique, is also explained. The from Commission C are gratefully acknowledged. training of the artificial neural network is described, along with the methods used to process and compare the data. The The Spanish Symposium of URSI was held in Santiago results are presented, compared, and discussed in detail. The de Compostela, Spain, September 11-13, 2013. The paper artificial-neural-network approach was found to give better by Mitra Gilasgar, Antoni Barlabé, and Lluís Pradell won results than the more-commonly used multiple-regression second place in the Young Scientist best paper contest technique. Methods for further improvement are discussed. The Radio Science Bulletin No 347 (December 2013) 3 The invited Commission C paper by Jacques Palicot, review, feels it is one of the best books on electrodynamics he Honggang Zhang, and Christophe Moy looks at “green” has read. We have reports on the AFRICON 2013 conference radio: an approach to wireless communication networks in and the OCOSS 2013 (Ocean and Coastal Observation which
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