THE New York Times DISTORTS THE PALESTINIAN STRUGGLE ACASE STUDY OF ANTI-PALESTINIAN BIAS IN AMERICAN NEWS COVERAGE OF THE FIRST AND SECOND PALESTINIAN INTIFADAS PREPRINT, SUBMITTED TO THE Journal of Palestine Studies Holly M. Jackson Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139
[email protected] May 19, 2021 (last modified May 24, 2021) ABSTRACT In this study, I prove a history of bias against Palestine in a newspaper of international importance — the New York Times — during the First and Second Palestinian Intifadas. Using state-of-the-art natural language processing toolkits as well as a regression model with over 90% accuracy based on a carefully-validated word bank, I analyze over 33,000 NYT articles for (1) their use of active/passive voice and (2) the objectivity, tone, and violent sentiment of the language used. I follow up my quantitative analysis with a qualitative validation step, analyzing biased articles in each period. In conjunction with historical context, I show that anti-Palestinian bias persisted disproportionately in the New York Times during both periods and, in fact, worsened from the First Intifada to the Second. Finally, I connect my findings to current events in Palestine and challenge readers to be critical of the sources they reference. 1 Introduction In this study, I will identify bias against Palestine in a newspaper of international importance – the New York Times – as a case study in the scope of a larger problem of anti-Palestinian bias in American news coverage. I will center my analysis on two important periods in the modern history of the Palestinian struggle – the First and Second Intifadas – both marked by periods of rapid change and an increase in global conversation about Israel and Palestine.