December 7, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 19161 And another: They’re saying we the people are out- about a very special group of veterans, My job as CFO of a small restaurant chain, raged at this administration and this the Code Talkers. Tonight, my headquartered in Santa Monica, was elimi- Congress. And they should be. colleagues and I are going to share nated in Dec. 2010. Since then I have been un- The White House and their liberal al- their stories and highlight the amazing able to find employment and, as a result, had lies in Congress and the media go on a accomplishments of this group of war- to sell my condo at a considerable financial nonstop bashing of a group of Ameri- riors. Their contribution to the Allied loss. I have been surviving through the ex- cans who are productive and hard- effort during World War II is widely tended unemployment program offered by credited with winning the Battle of Iwo the federal government. If this program is working. Class warfare is as despicable not renewed, I have no idea how I will cope, as any other type of stereotyping, and Jima and making majors gains in the financially, or mentally. putting citizen against citizen for po- Pacific. During the early months of World And another: litical gain is outrageous and it’s wrong. War II, Japanese intelligence experts I’m 63, was let go from a very significant Listen to this. The people are told broke every code the U.S. forces de- position back in February 2008 after eight vised. The Japanese were able to de- years of being a Multi Award Winning Sales that a tax cut is a tax increase or a tax Executive, in two industries . . . in working increase isn’t really a tax increase be- code and intercept communications over 40 years without interruption I have cause there are savings that can be with ease. To combat this, increasingly been collecting unemployment benefits for made elsewhere. That doesn’t even complex codes were initiated that two years. I’m embarrassed to tell you how make sense. Only in Washington can sometimes took hours at a time simply many resumes and contacts I’ve made, com- someone say we have to pay for a tax to decipher one message. Guadalcanal peting with men and women in their 20’s, cut. Think about that. What we’re say- in 1942 was a turning point for the Al- 30’s, 40’s. ing is, what Washington is saying is, lied military forces, who realized that This has taken a huge toll on my life as the military communications needed a you can imagine . . . my condo is for sale we have to pay for a tax cut. Well, whose money is it? Government doesn’t new direction, and new inspiration. and I’m being audited by the IRS . . . my Fortunately, an innovative citizen health has deteriorated and I didn’t have make money. It’s the people’s money. health insurance for the past two years. Yet somehow up here in Washington we named Philip Johnston had the answer. keep saying we have to pay for a tax As the son of a Protestant missionary, For too many , unemployment Johnston had grown up on the Navajo benefits are the difference between having a increase. It’s that hardworking family that has earned that money. It is not reservation and was one of less than 30 roof over their head, or sleeping on the street; non- fluent in the unique Nav- having food to feed their kids, or skipping din- Washington’s money. And people, frankly, I think are dis- ajo language. He realized that since it ner; seeing a doctor, or living with chronic ill- had no alphabet and was almost impos- ness. gusted with the notion that somehow the paradigm in Washington is we have sible to master without early exposure, As a great nation, we have an obligation to the Navajo language was a perfect provide a lifeline to these fellow citizens. It is to pay for a tax cut. It’s their money. Something is very wrong here, and this choice to form a new, impenetrable incumbent on us a decent society. military code. In 1942, Johnston com- I have cosponsored legislation to extend un- body is part of the problem. Let’s put out the facts; facts, not pleted an impressive demonstration of employment insurance through the end of the Navajo language to the Com- 2012. I have also cosponsored legislation to spin. Government money doesn’t exist. That’s a fact. It’s the people’s money. manding General of the Pacific fleet help the so-called ‘‘99-ers,’’ by extending the headquartered in San Diego. He was length of federal benefits by an addition 14 Here’s another fact. If there are projects that can be cut, they should be then given permission to begin a pilot weeks, to 113 weeks total. for the Navajo program, But Congress must do more. My constitu- cut. They shouldn’t be traded like fu- tures in the stock market. If we believe and I would like to submit his letter ents need more than a safety net. They need dated March 8, 1942, for the RECORD. jobs. that we ought to extend the payroll tax HEADQUARTERS, AMPHIBIOUS FORCE, According to a recent report by the Wash- cut extension, let’s extend it. Let’s stop playing games about moving PACIFIC FLEET, CAMP ELLIOTT, ington Post, this Republican House is on track San Diego, CA, March 6, 1942 to be least productive first session in 20 years. money around from one program to an- Subject: Enlistment of Navaho Indians. other or keeping a bucket of projects In a full year, Republicans have yet to pass a To: The COMMANDANT, single bill to create a single job. or programs that we can save to cut at U.S. Marine Corps. The Republicans’ refusal to take up meas- a time to bargain for something else. Enclosures: (A) Brochure by Mr. Philip John- ures to help restart our economy—like Presi- It’s time that we get serious, and the ston, with maps. (B) Messages used in dent Obama’s American Jobs Act—is all the American people are saying they’ve demonstration. more reason that we must extend these es- had enough. They’ve had enough of 1. Mr. Philip Johnston of Los Angeles re- what they’re seeing here in Wash- cently offered his services to this force to sential unemployment benefits. I urge my col- demonstrate the use of Indians for the trans- leagues to stand up for the unemployed Amer- ington. Let me say this one more time. Pit- mission of messages by telephone and voice- icans who are facing catastrophe through no radio. His offer was accepted and the dem- fault of their own and vote now to extend this ting American against American is un- onstration was held for the Commanding critical lifeline. American and outrageous and deserves General and his staff. the condemnation of each and every 2. The demonstration was interesting and f one of us in this Congress. This is not successful. Messages were transmitted and b 1920 the America we know and love. We the received almost verbatim. In conducting the people deserve better. demonstration messages were written by a AMERICANS DESERVE BETTER I yield back the balance of my time. member of the staff and handed to the In- dian; he would transmit the message in his The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under f the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- tribal dialect and the Indian on the other end would write them down in English. The uary 5, 2011, the gentleman from Flor- HONORING NAVAJO CODE TALKERS text of messages as written and received are ida (Mr. MACK) is recognized for 60 min- enclosed. The Indians do not have many utes as the designee of the majority The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. military terms in their dialect so it was nec- leader. REED). Under the Speaker’s announced essary to give them a few minutes, before Mr. MACK. Mr. Speaker, I think policy of January 5, 2011, the gen- the demonstration, to improvise words for there are a lot of people back home tleman from (Mr. GOSAR) is dive-bombing, anti-tank gun, etc. who are watching this debate unfold, recognized for the remainder of the 3. Mr. Johnston stated that the Navaho is the only tribe in the that has and more importantly, are watching hour as the designee of the majority not been infested with German students dur- the Congress and the administration. leader. ing the past twenty years. These Germans, And, you know, I think a lot of people Mr. GOSAR. Mr. Speaker, thank you studying the various tribal dialects under at home are scratching their head. for joining me this evening to talk the guise of art students, anthropologists,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD 19162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 December 7, 2011 etc., have undoubtedly attained a good work- ajo alphabet. The selection of a given together, as the gentleman mentioned, ing knowledge of all tribal dialects except term was based on the first letter of young kids in their teen years and oth- Navaho. For this reason the Navaho is the the English meaning of the Navajo ers, and volunteered for this effort. It’s only tribe available offering complete secu- rity for the type of work under consider- word. For words that did not translate even more remarkable when we note ation. It is noted in Mr. Johnston’s article into Navajo, the Code Talkers created that many States did not permit Na- (enclosed) that the Navaho is the largest code that did not directly translate, tive Americans to vote until the 1950s. tribe but the lowest in literacy. He stated, but tended to resemble the things with Yet the Code Talkers were undeterred. however, that 1,000—if that many were need- which they are associated. For exam- They wanted to help their country. ed—could be found with the necessary quali- ple, the Navajo word for ‘‘iron fish’’ It’s fitting that we honor this group fications. It should also be noted that the represented submarine. I could give on the anniversary of the attack on Navaho tribal dialect is completely unintel- ligible to all other tribes and all other peo- many more examples, but I think that Pearl Harbor, the start of World War ple, with the possible exception of as many one is particularly poignant. To say II, because they had such an integral as 28 Americans who have made a study of ‘‘America,’’ the Code Talkers used the part of ensuring that that brutal war the dialect. This dialect is thus equivalent to word ‘‘ne-he-mah,’’ which means ‘‘our came to an end. I want to thank my a secret code to the enemy, and admirably mother.’’ colleague from Arizona and others who suited for rapid, secure communication. This brilliant code allowed our U.S. have come here for putting together 4. It is therefore recommended that an ef- fort be made to enlist 200 Navaho Indians for Marines to communicate quickly and this timely tribute to make sure that this force. In addition to linguistic qualifica- accurately. The Code Talkers’ brave these individuals are recognized for the tions in English and their tribal dialect they work is widely credited with successes impact that they had in ending this should have the physical qualifications for of battle in the Pacific and, more ulti- war and to ensure that this world re- messengers. mately, with helping to end this tragic mains free. CLAYTON B. VOGEL, war. Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman. Commanding General. I would like at this time to acknowl- b 1930 Their elite unit was formed in early edge my good friend from New Mexico 1942 when the first of the 29 Navajo In the battle for Iwo Jima, in the (Mr. LUJA´ N). Code Talkers were recruited by John- first 48 hours alone they coded over 800 Mr. LUJA´ N. I thank my colleague ston. The code was modified and im- transmissions with perfect accuracy. from Arizona (Mr. GOSAR) for bringing proved throughout the war, but it is so While the true heroism of these brave us together tonight as we get a chance important to note that these 29 Navajo warriors is known today, sadly, the to visit and celebrate heroes that are heroes came up with the original code Code Talkers had to return home after amongst us, whether it’s in spirit or themselves. Accordingly, they are the war without the heroes’ welcome body, as we are still so fortunate to often referred to reverently as the they deserved. Ironically, the code was have with us, one of the ‘‘original 29.’’ We will have the honor such a precious asset to the U.S. mili- original 29 as well. of reading their names a bit later this tary that it was classified and had to With me tonight I have a few ex- evening. be kept secret. While the code was de- cerpts of articles that have been writ- Many of these enlistees were just classified in 1968, it took years to prop- ten around the country that capture boys with little exposure to the world erly decorate those veterans. In 2001, some stories recently in the Fronteras outside of the Navajo reservation. nearly 60 years after they created their Desk. An author by the name of Laurel After the war, it was discovered that legendary code, the Navajo Code Talk- Morales captured the story of Chester recruits as young as 15 and as old as 35 ers finally received their well-deserved Nez. It starts like this: ‘‘Growing up in years of age had enlisted. In fact, a few Congressional Medals of Honor. New Mexico, Chester Nez and many of of these men traveled to other towns Today, only one original Code Talker his fellow Navajo were punished for on the reservation, outside their clan remains, but the tradition lives on. A speaking their language.’’ where no one knew them and their true delegation of the Four Corners States You talk about a language as they age, in order to enlist underage and will attempt to recognize these war- were pulled away to boarding schools, serve their country. riors one by one and give us their so many of the young Navajo across After sailing through basic training, thoughts during this hour. the country, and the importance of the Navajo Code Talkers were sent to I would like to first recognize my what they were able to accomplish dur- Marine divisions in the Pacific theater good friend from Arizona (Mr. FLAKE). ing World War II. In the words of Major of World War II. Their reputation as Mr. FLAKE. I thank the gentleman innovators soon spread far and wide Howard Connor of the 5th Marine Divi- for yielding and for arranging this Spe- amongst their commanding officers. In sion, he declared that were it not for cial Order. This is something that we the field, they were not allowed to the Navajos, the marines would never in Arizona and anywhere in the West in write any part of the code down as a have taken Iwo Jima, and the impor- Utah and elsewhere have great pride in reference. In fact, the code existed only tance of language and what they were and that this recognition, as the gen- amongst this small group. Under high able to accomplish. pressure battle conditions, the Code tleman mentioned, came far too late The article goes on to read that years Talkers had to quickly recall their and has been far too little, given the later, Nez was shocked to learn that code accurately, or risk hundreds or amount of the impact that the Navajo he’d been recruited by the marines spe- thousands of lives. Code Talkers had on World War II. cifically to devise a code using the Make no mistake about the gravity So I’m pleased to be here and to lend same language the government tried to of this accomplishment. The Navajo my voice to recognition. As the gen- beat out of him. It was extremely iron- Code Talkers created the only unbro- tleman mentioned, only one of the ic. One of the very things they were ken code in modern military history. It original Code Talkers is still living. So forbidden to do—speak Navajo—ended baffled the Japanese forces. It was even I think it’s important that we recog- up helping us save the war. indecipherable to a Navajo soldier nize others who carried on this code Mr. Nez goes on to say that he and taken prisoner and tortured on Bataan. and tradition and helped out in this his fellow Code Talkers first developed The secret code created by the Nav- way. an alphabet, as you described, Mr. ajo Code Talkers was a simple marvel This was a group, as we mentioned, GOSAR, using everyday Navajo words to of linguistic invention. It contained na- of many Navajos, Native Americans, represent letters of words, as you tive terms that were associated with who volunteered for the armed services talked about—submarine: iron fish; specialized or commonly used military in World War II. This was, as the gen- besh-lo: iron fish; and hummingbird: language, as well as native terms that tleman said, very successful. It was the dah-he-tih-hi to talk about fighter represented letters in the alphabet. only code that remained unbroken. planes. It’s amazing how when we English words with no Navajo trans- And one of the most amazing aspects of talked about the Japanese and how lation were spelled out using the Nav- World War II is how these people came they were so effective at cracking

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD December 7, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 19163 codes, how they couldn’t crack this phone and radio in the Dine language. Mr. HEINRICH. I want to thank the one. It was a code the Japanese were never gentleman from Arizona for pulling us Mr. Nez goes on to say in the article able to break and was very instru- together from around the four corners that being one of the last original Code mental in our war efforts. to honor these incredible Native Amer- Talkers, he lives in Albuquerque with At a young age, Samuel and his icans, these incredible Americans, es- his son—a father of six children. He has brothers hid from government agents pecially on this historic anniversary. nine grandchildren and eight great- who came to send Navajo children to And I’m certainly honored to join my grandchildren. It goes on to say that boarding schools. Holiday said he was colleagues tonight to honor the quiet ‘‘today, with so many people leaving ultimately caught and forced to attend valor of all the Navajo Code Talkers. the reservation, Navajo elders like Nez a boarding school where he was not al- Today, some six decades since their fear their language is dying. Nez hopes lowed to speak his native language. As service during World War II, only one Navajo children learn the story of Code he said, ‘‘One of the hardest times I of the original 29 Code Talkers, Cor- Talkers so they understand just how had was learning to talk English. I poral Chester Nez, survives. And I am critical it is to learn their own lan- would hide cookies in my pockets to incredibly proud of Corporal Nez, who guage.’’ pay the older boys to teach me English. at the age of 90 resides in my congres- And thank you for bringing us to- Whenever they’’—the school instruc- sional district in Albuquerque with his gether, Mr. GOSAR, this evening to help tors—‘‘found out I had talked Navajo, son Mike, his daughter-in-law Rita, celebrate the history of our Code Talk- they made me scrub floors, scrub walls. and their children. I spent much of my first year scrubbing ers, as it wasn’t until Senator BINGA- Corporal Nez’s story is much like the the wall.’’ MAN moved legislation back in 2000 to hundreds of Code Talkers who followed Mr. Holiday attended the school until be able to give honor to our original in his footsteps. He grew up on the he was 18 years old and he was re- 29—a few of them, at the very least, to parents who grew cruited into the Marine Corps. Mr. Hol- corn and pinto beans, kept goats and and their families—with gold medals, iday served in the Pacific theatre from sheep. And he grew up in a time when and silver medals to the others that 1943 to 1945 in Saipan, Tinian, Kwaja- were also trained to go on. lein Atoll, and Iwo Jima. Navajos were sharply mistreated and So I think this is an example of a few From Mr. Holiday: ‘‘A lot of time even unable to vote in our own elec- stories that we’ll be submitting and they sent us where it was a very dan- tions in places throughout the South- sharing this evening to be able to cele- gerous spot, and I sent messages. They west. Yet in 1942, at the age of 18, he brate the lives and stories and the his- didn’t know we were Navajo Code Talk- sprung into action and he joined the tory, especially on today as we remem- ers using Navajo language.’’ The very 382nd Platoon in a role that is largely ber Pearl Harbor and all the sacrifice language he was punished for using in credited with saving thousands of and all the families we lost that day his boarding school was suddenly a American lives. and so many brave soldiers as well. major asset to the United States Ma- Along with the other 28 original Code Thanks for bringing this tonight. I rines. Talkers, Corporal Nez developed a code look forward to many stories and con- Mr. Holiday remains active with the from their unwritten language. You tinuing to share many of the articles Navajo Code Talkers Association. He’s can find the code’s explanation today that we’ve been able to find capturing traveled throughout most of the United in the index of his autobiography. And the history and personal stories of our States conducting presentations about whether in artillery, tanks, aboard friend, our heroes, the Code Talkers the Code Talkers and about his life ex- ships or in infantry, the Code Talkers from all throughout New Mexico, Ari- periences before and after the war. I played a vital role in some of the worst zona, and Utah. was very pleased to see that Mr. Holi- battles in the Pacific theater, commu- Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman day was awarded the Congressional Sil- nicating battlefield codes that were from New Mexico. ver Medal, something he was very wor- never, ever broken by the enemy. Their At this time I would like to recognize thy of, obviously. code-talking was considered so essen- my good friend from Utah (Mr. It’s interesting to me that the Nav- tial to the war that, unlike their coun- CHAFFETZ). ajo Code Talker Program was actually terparts, many of them were forced to Mr. CHAFFETZ. Thank you. I appre- a secret until after the war and was not serve straight through the war with no ciate the bipartisan nature in which we declassified until later in 1968. It was breaks for rest or trips back home. And do this. These are truly American he- another 14 years before the Navajo today, we widely recognize that their roes who have made a difference in our Code Talkers were recognized by the service helped turn the course of World lives and something we should all be United States Government. In fact, in War II. proud of and never forget. I worry as December of 1982, President Ronald Yet because of the sheer secret of these gentlemen get older that some- Reagan recognized the Code Talkers for their role and the possibility that they how generations in the future will their dedicated service, unique achieve- would be called back for the same duty maybe forget this. ment, patriotism, resourcefulness, and in the future, the actions of the Code I appreciate you, Mr. GOSAR, for your courage. Talkers weren’t declassified until 23 commitment to them. I know you’re b 1940 years after the war ended. And it passionate about this. I can see it in August 14, 1982 was proclaimed Na- wasn’t until 55 years later that they your eyes when you talk about it. tional Navajo Code Talkers Day. I were bestowed with the Congressional I wanted to recognize and pay special think President Reagan did the right Gold Medal of Honor and Silver Medal. tribute to somebody who’s originally thing. I think it’s something that all To the young people of the Navajo from Utah, Samuel Tom Holiday. He Americans—I want my kids and people Nation for whom Corporal Nez’s quiet was a Navajo Code Talker. He served in in Utah and across the Nation to recog- valor is a remarkable example, I en- the United States Marine Corps 4th nize the contributions and sacrifices courage you to carry on his legacy by Marine Division, 25th Regiment, the that these people made. They truly keeping the Navajo language alive and H&S Company. We’re fortunate to still made a difference in our lives; instru- well for generations to come. have him here with us in our presence mental in the war. Mr. Speaker, I know that the Navajo today. I appreciate this time to be able to Nation takes such pride in these he- Mr. Holiday was born in 1924 on a recognize their achievements and help roes. And on behalf of all of us who owe Navajo reservation near the Monument to our country. a tremendous debt of gratitude for Valley area of Utah, down near the Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman their service, I’m proud to recognize Four Corners area. He was a Navajo from Utah. the courage, service, and bravery of all Code Talker in World War II. As you I would like at this time to recognize the Navajo Code Talkers, and espe- have talked about before, Code Talkers my friend, the gentleman from New cially Corporal Nez of Albuquerque, transmitted tactical messages by tele- Mexico (Mr. HEINRICH). New Mexico.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD 19164 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 December 7, 2011 Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman he died, Navajo Nation Council Speak- were not for the Navajos, the marines from New Mexico for that find. er Lawrence Morgan said, ‘‘The Navajo never would have taken Iwo Jima. It’s I would now like to acknowledge my Nation lost a great warrior. His unique a great night to be here to celebrate, good friend from Arizona (Mr. service to his country brought positive and I thank you for bringing us to- SCHWEIKERT). attention to the Navajo Nation. He will gether. Mr. SCHWEIKERT. Thank you, Con- be missed.’’ I would like to submit into the gressman GOSAR. For all of us, we truly According to his wife, Virginia, June RECORD an article from the Santa Fe appreciate you organizing this. first tried to sign up for the Marines in New Mexican, dated August 29, 2010, When you consider today is the 70th his hometown of Kaibeto, but a re- also capturing the story telling and anniversary of Pearl Harbor and the cruiter told him he was too young. He talking about Mr. Chester Nez, as well entry into World War II, for many of us then traveled to the reservation town as the article, ‘‘The Last of the Navajo who grew up with family that had of Chinle to enlist because he figured Code Talkers,’’ by Laurel Morales, served, there’s many heartbreaking people there wouldn’t recognize him which was listed in the Fronteras stories. But when we reach out and and he could lie about his age and forge Desk. read and learn more about the Code his father’s signature. This dedication [From the SantaFeNewMexican.com, Aug. Talkers story, it’s one of the great mo- and determination to serve their coun- 29, 2010] ments of pride for those of us from Ari- try was common among the Code Talk- AN ORIGINAL CODE TALKER KEEPS TALE zona. ers and shows character and bravery ALIVE—FEW REMAINING MEMBERS OF ELITE When you consider there were—my that we all should emulate. NAVAJO MARINE UNIT understanding is there were about 400 Allen June was a humble man who (By Felicia Fonseca) native Americans who served, but the did not like to brag about much, even ALBUQUERQUE.—Tourists hurry inside a 27—was it 27 or 29? his remarkable service as a Code Talk- shop here to buy books about the famed Nav- Mr. GOSAR. Twenty-nine. er. However, in the last years of his life ajo Code Talkers, warriors who used their native language as their primary weapon. Mr. SCHWEIKERT. Twenty-nine he wore his service proudly, sporting a Outside, on a walk sheltered from the sun, from Arizona, I’ve had the pleasure red Navajo Code Talker cap with his nine of the Code Talkers sit at a table auto- over time of meeting some of them. I name on it. graphing the books. Each is an old man now. also know, as Arizona now is about to I would like to take an opportunity They wear similar caps and shirts, the scar- begin celebrating its 100th anniver- and see if my colleague from New Mex- let and gold of the Marine Corps, and tur- sary—and I have, actually, it’s a little ico would entertain a colloquy back quoise jewelry. bit of a silly photo, but there is actu- and forth giving the roll call of the One of these men, who signs his name as Cpl. Chester Nez, is distinguished from the ally a smaller version of this on my names of the 29. ´ others. Below his signature, he jots down wall in my office. A few months ago we Mr. LUJAN. It would certainly be an why: 1st Original 29. had our very first celebration of begin- honor, Mr. GOSAR. Before hundreds of Code Talkers were re- ning the 1-year celebration of our cen- Mr. GOSAR. Thank you, sir. cruited from the Navajo Nation to join the tennial as a State, and we were fea- The roll call for the Navajo Code elite unit, 29 Navajos were recruited to de- turing our Navajo Code Talkers. It is Talkers, the original 29: velop the code—based on the then-unwritten something that many of us from the Charlie Y. Begay. Navajo language—that would confound Japa- Mr. LUJA´ N. Royal L. Begay. nese military cryptologists and help win West are very, very proud of. And it Mr. GOSAR. Samuel Begay. World War II. was also that little moment where if Mr. LUJA´ N. John Ashi Benally. Of the Original 29, only three survive. Nez you ever want to be a little humiliated, Mr. GOSAR. Wilsie Bitsie. is one. have them try to teach you to speak a Mr. LUJA´ N. Cosey S. Brown. The Code Talkers took part in every as- few Navajo words, and then the gig- Mr. GOSAR. John Brown, Jr. sault the Marines conducted in the Pacific, gling begins on how badly you pro- Mr. LUJA´ N. John Chee. sending thousands of messages without error on Japanese troop movements, battlefield nounce it. Mr. GOSAR. Benjamin Cleveland. ´ tactics and other communications critical to But for anyone who is listening, the Mr. LUJAN. Eugene R. Crawford. the war’s ultimate outcome. Navajo Code Talkers have actually Mr. GOSAR. David Curley. ´ ‘‘It’s one of the greatest parts of history built a foundation, and they actually Mr. LUJAN. Lowell S. Damon. that we used our own native language during Mr. GOSAR. George H. Dennison. have a wonderful Web site that has ´ World War II,’’ Nez said in an interview with data and stories. It is Mr. LUJAN. James Dixon. The . ‘‘We’re very proud of Mr. GOSAR. Carl N. Gorman. navajocodetalkers.org. I encourage it.’’ Mr. LUJA´ N. Oscar B. Ilthma. Nez tells the story succinctly. He is the anyone to reach out and grab some of Mr. GOSAR. . last of the original group able to do so. One that information. These are powerful Mr. LUJA´ N. Alfred Leonard. can hardly speak or hear, and the memory of stories of incredible service to our Mr. GOSAR. Johnny R. Manuelito. the third is severely tested by Alzheimer’s country in a time of great need with a Mr. LUJA´ N. William McCabe. disease. very unique skill and talent. Mr. GOSAR. Chester Nez. The 89-year-old Nez is limited, too. He is in I thank the gentleman from Arizona Mr. LUJA´ N. Jack Nez. a wheelchair after diabetes led to the ampu- for organizing this. Mr. GOSAR. . tation of both legs. These days, he’d rather Mr. LUJA´ N. Joe Palmer. ‘‘just sit around, take it easy,’’ he said. Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman As a boy, Nez lived in a traditional Navajo from Arizona. Mr. GOSAR. Frank Danny Pete. ´ home and helped his family tend to sheep in I want to take a few moments and Mr. LUJAN. Nelson S. Thompson. Two Wells on the eastern side of the vast Mr. GOSAR. Harry Tsosie. honor one of our own in Arizona who ´ 27,000-square-mile reservation. just recently died. It is my humble Mr. LUJAN. John Willie. He played with toy cars, went barefoot, Mr. GOSAR. William Dean Wilson. and spoke only his native language. That privilege to honor Allen Dale June, one Does my friend have any further of the original 29 Code Talkers. He died changed when he was sent to one of the comments? boarding schools set up by the federal gov- just recently in September of 2010 at Mr. LUJA´ N. Only to say again, Mr. ernment to assimilate American Indian chil- the age of 91. He passed away of nat- GOSAR, as we celebrate tonight, to dren into the broader culture. ural causes at the Veterans Hospital in never forget about the contributions of At boarding school, Nez said he had his Prescott, Arizona, which is in my dis- the Navajo people to our great Nation, mouth washed out with soap for speaking trict. He is survived by his wife and 10 Navajo—ironic indeed, considering the vital with the work that they’ve done not role that the unique language—and Nez— children and was buried in Kaibeto, in only through the Cold War, but going the heart of Navajo reservation. would come to play. back to all the work that was done. Nez was in 10th grade when a Marine re- June, who attained the rank of ser- b 1950 cruiter came looking for young Navajos who geant, received the Congressional Gold were fluent in Navajo and English to serve in Medal in 2001 along with other mem- As we pointed out earlier, in the World War II. He jumped at the chance to de- bers of the original Code Talkers. When words of Major Howard Connor, if it fend his country, and to leave boarding

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD December 7, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 19165 school. He kept the decision to enlist a se- After World War II, Nez volunteered to So they called it an egg. A fighter plane was cret from his family and lied about his age, serve two more years during the Korean War the Navajo word for hummingbird. as did many others. and retired in 1974 after a 25-year career as a ‘‘And the Japanese tried everything in ‘‘I told my roommate, ‘Let’s try it out,’ painter at the veterans hospital in Albu- their power to try to decipher our code, but and that’s what we did,’’ Nez said. ‘‘One rea- querque. they never succeeded,’’ Nez said. son we joined is the uniform—they were so June, 88, has spent the past few weeks in He and his fellow code talkers were faced pretty, dress uniforms.’’ and out of hospitals in Wyoming and Ari- with many cultural challenges during the About 250 Navajos showed up at Fort Defi- zona, and requires round-the-clock care. His war. The most difficult was dealing with so ance, Ariz., then a U.S. Army base. But only third wife, Virginia, calls herself ‘‘the much death. 29 were selected to join the first all-Native charm’’ and the protector of an endangered The Navajo believe when you encounter a American unit of Marines. They were in- species. dead body that person’s spirit stays with ducted in May 1942. She’s a walking promotion for him and the you. Coming home after the war, Nez remem- After basic training, the 382nd Platoon was Marine Corps, yet she’s careful of how much bered being haunted by these spirits. tasked with developing the code. she says because he thinks it is unwelcome ‘‘They were all around me. I actually see There Nez met Allen Dale June and Lloyd bragging. them alongside my bed,’’ Nez said. ‘‘This was Oliver, among the others. Using Navajo Oliver’s wife, Lucille, echoes similar senti- one of the bad omen.’’ words for red soil, war chief, clan, braided ments about her husband. Oliver displayed His family performed a ceremony called hair, beads, ant and hummingbird, for exam- few reminders in what, until earlier this the ‘‘enemy way’’ to cleanse him. After that, ple, they came up with a glossary of more year, was his home on the Yavapai Indian Nez said, he felt free of the ghosts. than 200 terms, later expanded, and an alpha- reservation in Camp Verde, Ariz.—a few The code talker program was secret. When bet. framed pictures, a Marine cap above his bed- Nez and the others arrived home in 1945, At first, Nez said, the concern was whether room window and a U.S. flag above the door- there was no fanfare. The code remained ac- or not the code could work. Then it proved way. tive for years after the war; it wasn’t declas- impenetrable. ‘‘The Japanese did everything ‘‘He just put the past behind him, I guess,’’ sified until 1968. Still, it took decades before in their power to break the code but they she says. the men were officially recognized. never did,’’ he said. Oliver, 87, speaks audibly but his words are In 2000, New Mexico Senator Jeff Bingaman Nez no longer remembers the code in its difficult to understand. His hearing is im- introduced legislation to honor the code entirety, but easily switches from English to paired and he prefers not to have a hearing talkers. The following year—nearly six dec- Navajo to repeat one instruction he delivered aid. ades after the code was written—president during fighting on Guadalcanal. Both June and Oliver had brothers who George W. bush awarded them Congressional ‘‘I always remember this one,’’ Nez said. later served as Code Talkers. Gold Medals. ‘‘Enemy machine gun on your right flank, Nez tells the tourists seeking autographs ‘‘Today we give these exceptional Marines destroy!’’ in Albuquerque that he’s part of the Original the recognition they earned so long ago,’’ The Navajos trained in radio communica- 29, but few appear to grasp what that means. President Bush told a televised crowd at the tions were walking copies of the code. Each ‘‘Most of them,’’ he says of the tourists, Capital Rotunda. message read aloud by a Code Talker was im- ‘‘they just thank me for what we did.’’ Only five of the original 29 were still alive. mediately destroyed. Chester Nez stood tall, puffed out his chest ‘‘When you’re involved in the world of [From the Fronteras Desk, Nov. 11, 2011] and saluted the president, while the crowd— cryptology, you not only have to provide in- THE LAST OF THE NAVAJO CODE TALKERS many relatives of code talker families—gave formation, you have to protect that,’’ said (By Laurel Morales) the group a standing ovation. Patrick Weadon, curator of the National ‘‘This gold medal is something I will trea- Cryptologic Museum. ‘‘And there’s no better FLAGSTAFF.—Only one veteran Navajo code sure for as long as I live,’’ said Nez, now 90- example than the Navajo Code Talkers dur- talker remains of the original 29 Navajo Ma- years-old. ing World War II.’’ rines who used their native language to de- The last original code talker lives in Albu- The Code Talkers were constantly on the vise an unbreakable code during World War querque with his son. The father of six chil- move, often from foxhole to foxhole. Nez had II. dren, he has nine grandchildren and eight Growing up in New Mexico, Chester Nez a close call in Guam with a sniper’s bullet great grandchildren. and many of his fellow Navajo were punished that whizzed past his head and struck a palm Today with so many people leaving the res- for speaking their language. In the 1920s, Nez tree. ervation, Navajo elders like Nez fear their attended one of many government run board- Once while running a message, Nez and his language is dying. Nez hopes Navajo children ing schools that attempted to erase Indian partner were mistaken for Japanese soldiers learn the story of the code talkers, so they culture and language. and were threatened at gunpoint until a Ma- understand just how critical it is to learn ‘‘I often think about the things I went rine lieutenant cleared up the confusion, his and use their own language. son, Michael, said. through, all the hardships,’’ Nez said. He was ‘‘Of course Dad couldn’t tell them he was a being interviewed at the studios of KUNM in Mr. GOSAR. I thank the gentleman Code Talker,’’ Nez’s son said. Albuquerque for Veterans Day. from New Mexico for his contribution. The Code Talkers had orders not to discuss Years later, Nez was shocked to learn he’d I would also like to start by going their roles—not during the war and not until been recruited by the Marines, specifically through the further list of the Navajo their mission was declassified 23 years later. to devise a code using the same language the Code Talkers in the honor roll: In 2001 Nez, Dale and June traveled aboard government tried to beat out of him. Judith the same plane to Washington, D.C., to re- Avila helped Nez write his memoir Code NAVAJO CODE TALKER LIST ceive the Congressional Gold Medal. The rec- Talker, which was just published. CONFIRMED BY MARINE CORPS, AS OF 17 JULY ognition, which they didn’t receive when ‘‘It was extremely ironic one of the very 2001 they returned home from war, propelled things they were forbidden to do—speak Nav- 1. Akee, Dan 818638 them to a sort of celebrity status, along with ajo—ended up helping save us during the 2. Anthony, Franklin 990074 the release of a movie based on the Code war,’’ Avila said. 3. , Jimmie 936773 Talkers the following year During World War II, the Japanese had 4. Arviso, Bennie 894438 They appeared on television, rode on floats cracked code after code the U.S. military 5. Ashike, Earl 990140 in parades and were asked to speak to vet- used to hide their communications. Then, a 6. Ashley, Regis 894674 erans groups and students. Marine by the name of Philip Johnston, who 7. Attikai, Harold 990084 Nez threw the opening pitch at a 2004 had been raised on the Navajo Nation by 8. Augustine, John 894402 Major League Baseball game and blessed the white missionaries, suggested enlisting the 9. Ayze, Lewis 990075 presidential campaign of John Kerry. Oliver help of the Navajo tribe. They became known 10. Bahe, Henry 479876 traveled with other Code Talkers as guests of as the code talkers. 11. Bahe, Woody 875423 honor in the nation’s largest Veterans Day Navajo, or Dine as it’s called, is a spoken 12. Baldwin, Benjamin 818564 parade in New York last year. language. And few non-Navajos understand 13. Beard, Harold 894537 When residents of Longmont, Colo., heard its complexities. Nez and his fellow code 14. Becenti, Roy L. 831055 that June and his wife did not have a perma- talkers first developed an alphabet using 15. Bedoni, Sidney 479771 nent home, they raised money to buy one for every day Navajo words to represent letters, 16. Begay, Carlos 818566 the couple. like the Navajo word for ant became ‘‘A.’’ 17. Begay, Charlie Sosie 830976 The last three survivors of the Original 29 Chester Nez, seen here during World War 18. Begay, Flemming 830977 don’t live on the Navajo Nation, where they II, is 90 and the last of the original 29 Navajo 19. Begay, George 990132 are celebrated with a tribal holiday. They Code Talkers. 20. Begay, Henry 990142 wonder about each other, but it’s unlikely Then they came up with words for military 21. Begay, Jerry C. 830979 they’ll reunite again. terms. In Navajo, there is no word for bomb. 22. Begay, Joe 990094

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD 19166 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 December 7, 2011 23. Begay, Lee 990116 107. Gatewood, Joseph P. 479889 191. Morris, Joe 894601 24. Begay, Leo 990126 108. George, William 894441 192. Moss, George 990093 25. Begay, Leonard 990210 109. Gishal, Milton M. 875283 193. Multine, Oscar P. 875314 26. Begay, Notah 875405 110. Gleason, Jimmie 894446 194. Murphy, Calvin H. 875360 27. Begay, Paul 479917 111. Goodluck, John 830933 195. Nagurski, Adolph N. 875384 28. Begay, Samuel H. 358525 112. Gorman, Tom 818627 196. Nahkai, James T. Jr. 831006 29. Begay, Thomas H. 537144 113. Grayson, Bill L. 990052 197. Nakaidinae, Peter Sr. 479861 30. Begay, Walter 990073 114. Greymountain, Yazzie 894538 198. Napa, Martin Felix 31. Begay, Willie K.1000016 115. Guerito, Billy Lewis 830994 199. Negale, Harding 936842 32. Begay, Wilson J. 894417 116. Gustine, Tully 830995 200. Newman, Alfred 831007 33. Begody, David M. 990209 117. Guy, Charles 875406 201. Nez, Arthur 1000176 34. Begody, Roger 875422 118. Harding, Ben Williams 990091 202. Nez, Freeland 875252 35. Belinda, Wilmer 875407 119. Harding, Jack W. 479888 203. Nez, Israel Hosteen 479769 36. Belone, Harry 936837 120. Hardy, Tom 894628 204. Nez, Sidney 894511 37. Benallie, Jimmie D. 964665 121. Harrison, Emmett 894479 205. Notah, Roy 448914 38. Benally, Harrison Lee 1000075 122. Haskie, Ross 358587 206. Notah, Willie Anthony 875300 39. Benally, Harry 894507 123. Hawthorne, Roy Orville 990027 207. O’Dell, Billy 479877 40. Benally, Jimmie L. 831045 124. Haycock, Bud 990196 208. Oliver, Willard V. 831008 41. Benally, Johnson D. 875371 125. Hemstreet, Leslie 936840 209. Paddock, Layton 479871 42. Benally, Samuel 1000078 126. Henry, Albert 830996 210. Pahe, Robert D. 831114 43. Benton, Sr., Willie 830980 127. Henry, Edmund Juan 830997 211. Parrish, Paul A. 416414 44. Bernard, John 875276 128. Henry, Kent Carl 936779 212. Patrick, Amos Roy 936843 45. Betone, Lloyd 830963 129. Hickman, Dean Junian 990103 213. Patterson, David Earl 831043 46. Bia, Andrew 990072 130. Holiday, Calvin 990198 214. Peaches, Alfred James 875372 47. Billey, Wilfred 830982 131. Holiday, Samuel Tom 818614 215. Peshlakai, Sam 894440 48. Billie, Ben 1000045 132. Housewood, Johnson 448907 216. Peterson, Joe Sr. 1000089 49. Billiman, Howard 521004 133. Housteen, Dennie 479730 217. Pinto, Gaul (Guy) 831047 50. Billison, Samuel (Dr.) 831074 134. Howard, Ambrose 818574 218. Pinto, John Senator 990189 51. Billy, Sam Jones 830981 135. Hubbard, Arthur Jose 1000128 219. Platero, Richard 894460 52. Bitsie, Peter J. 1000037 136. Hudson, Lewey 894521 220. Preston, Jimmie 479801 53. Bitsoie, Delford 990061 137. Hunter, Tom 875445 221. Reed, Sam 875369 54. Bizardie, Jesse 875495 138. James, Benjamin 830998 222. Roanhorse, Harry C. 831011 55. Black, Jesse 990205 139. James, Billie 875301 223. Sage, Andy 831012 56. Blatchford, Paul 818633 140. James, George B. 875342 224. Sage, Denny 818604 57. Bluehorse, David M. 831043 141. Johle, Elliott 894447 225. Salabiye, Jerry E. 1000024 58. Bowman, John Henry 403099 142. John, Charlie T. 875395 226. Sandoval, Peter P. 831088 59. Bowman, Robert 936938 143. John, Leroy M. Sr. 448918 227. Sandoval, Samuel F. 831013 60. Brown, Arthur 990125 144. Johns, Edmund 448908 228. Sandoval, Thomas 831014 61. Brown, Clarence Paul 990088 145. Johnny, Earl 830999 229. Scott, John 875415 62. Brown, Tsosie Herman 990202 146. Johnson, Deswood R. 844625 230. Sells, John C. 936956 63. Brown, William Tully 990109 147. Johnson, Francis T. 479772 231. Shields, Freddie 894442 64. Buck, Wilford 1000019 148. Johnson, Johnnie 537164 232. Shorty, Dooley 1000177 65. Burke, Bobby 894411 149. Johnson, Peter 894412 233. Shorty, Robert T. 831049 66. Burnie, Jose 1000100 150. Johnson, Ralph 990086 234. Silversmith, Joe A. 831015 67. Burnside, Francis 548184 151. Jones, Jack 818548 235. Silversmith, Sammy 831050 68. Burr, Sandy 830984 152. Jones, Tom H. Jr. 831001 236. Singer, Oscar Jones 990122 69. Cadman, William 936839 153. Jordan, David 831000 237. Singer, Richard 479774 70. Calleditto, Andrew 448919 154. June, Floyd 479768 238. Skeet, Wilson Chee 1000081 71. Carroll, Oscar Tsosie 894622 155. Keams, Percy 990028 239. Slinkey, Richard T. 479727 72. Cattle Chaser, Dennis 479729 156. Keedah, Wilson 894673 240. Slivers, Albert J. Sr. 990068 73. Cayedito, Del 830985 157. Kellwood, Joe H. 479704 241. Smiley, Arcenio 894508 74. Cayedito, Ralph 830986 158. Kescoli, Alonzo 875397 242. Smith, Albert 831062 75. Charley, Carson Bahe 894600 159. Ketchum, Bahe 875416 243. Smith, George 831063 76. Charlie, Sam 990199 160. King, Jimmie 448910 244. Smith, Raymond R. 857535 77. Chase, Frederick 479873 161. Kinlacheeny, Paul 894414 245. Smith, Samuel Jesse 831073 78. Chavez, George 831098 162. Kinsel, John 448912 246. Soce, George B. 831016 79. Chee, Guy 990200 163. Kirk, George H. 831003 247. Sorrell, Benjamin G. 448905 80. Clah, Stewart 965051 164. Kirk, Leo 585379 248. Spencer, Harry 990197 81. Claw, Thomas 818547 165. Kiyaani, Mike 894629 249. Tabaha, Johnnie 990076 82. Cleveland, Billie 521016 166. Kontz, Rex T. 448921 250. Tah, Alfred 479831 83. Cleveland, Ned 894519 167. Lapahie, Harrison 831046 251. Tah, Edward 894676 84. Cody, Leslie 479834 168. Largo, James 990095 252. Talley, John N. 831017 85. Cohoe, James Charles 416497 169. Little, Keith M. 818629 253. Tallsalt, Bert 990082 86. Craig, Bob Etcitty 830988 170. Lopez, Tommy K. 831059 254. Thomas, Edward 990129 87. Crawford, Karl Kee 478278 171. MacDonald, Peter 1000079 255. Thomas, Richard 894520 88. Cronemeyer, Walter 990201 172. Malone, Max 894621 256. Thompson, Clare M. 875458 89. Crosby, Billy 990035 173. Malone, Rex 831101 257. Thompson, Everett M. 818518 90. Csinnjinni, Carl 416351 174. Malone, Robert 831075 258. Thompson, Francis T. 537182 91. Dale, Ray 448911 175. Maloney, James 990085 259. Thompson, Frank T. 403057 92. Damon, Anson C. 990227 176. Maloney, Paul E. 875431 260. Todacheene, Carl Leon 831018 93. Davis, Tully 875378 177. Manuelito, Ben C. 479800 261. Todacheene, Frank Carl 990105 94. Deel, Martin Dale 818563 178. Manuelito, Ira 831005 262. Tohe, Benson 537165 95. Dehiya, Dan 830989 179. Manuelito, James C. 831060 263. Toledo, Curtis 831051 96. Dennison, Leo 990107 180. Manuelito, Peter 1000234 264. Toledo, Frank 479759 97. Dodge, Jerome Cody 894478 181. Marianito, Frank 936841 265. Toledo, Preston 479757 98. Doolie, John 830990 182. Mark, Robert 990093 266. Toledo, Willie 479756 99. Doolie, Richardson 479723 183. Martin, Matthew 894406 267. Towne, Joseph H. 479721 100. Draper, Nelson 990098 184. Martinez, Jose 894550 268. Towne, Zane 479770 101. Draper, Teddy Sr. 875345 185. McCraith, Archibald 990110 269. Tso, Chester H. 894413 102. Etsicitty, Kee 830991 186. Mike, King Paul 894671 270. Tso, Howard B. 894677 103. Etsitty, Deswood 875304 187. Miles, General 990096 271. Tso, Paul Edward 990071 104. Evans, Harold 990097 188. Moffitt, Tom Clah 894473 272. Tso, Samuel 818546 105. Foghorn, Ray 830992 189. Morgan, Jack C. 830932 273. Tsosie, Alfred 831019 106. Francisco, Jimmy 818625 190. Morgan, Ralph 448920 274. Tsosie, Cecil G. 831020

VerDate Sep 11 2014 11:20 Dec 28, 2015 Jkt 099102 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR11\H07DE1.002 H07DE1 Lhorne on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with BOUND RECORD December 7, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE, Vol. 157, Pt. 14 19167 275. Tsosie, Collins D. 831021 10. Goodman, Billie 875280 the U.S. Postal Service. He passed 276. Tsosie, Kenneth 831025 11. Harthorn, Rodger 2314982 away in 1983 and is buried at Fort 277. Tsosie, Samuel Sr. 479913 12. Jake, H. Logan National Cemetery in Colorado. 13. Kien, William 831058 278. Upshaw, John 990099 Werito was posthumously awarded 279. Upshaw, William 875364 14. Leroy, George 280. Vandever, Joe 831026 15. Leuppe, Edward 381004 the Silver Congressional Medal of 281. Wagner, Oliver 990162 16. Nazwood, Johnson Honor in 2002. His widow, Rose, and 282. Wallace, Stephan P. 1000022 17. Peterson, David 831043 children, Nellie and Michael, attended 283. Walley, Robert 831027 18. Price, Joe F. 894626 the ceremony in Window Rock, Ari- 284. Werito, John 831052 19. Price, Wilson H. 358592 zona, on the Navajo Nation. 285. Whitman, Lyman J. 894466 20. Sandoval, Merril Leon 831048 I thank Mr. Werito for his courage in 286. Willetto, Frank, Jr. 831029 21. Tracey, Peter 257670 22. Tsosie, Woody B. fighting a brutal enemy in the Pacific. 287. Willetto, Frankie Chee 894509 The Code Talkers of all tribes are a 288. Williams, Alex 875338 23. Visalia, Buster 289. Williams, Kenneth 875370 NOT LISTED special class of brave warriors who de- 290. Willie, George B. 875408 1. Babiye, Don serve our continued recognition. 291. Woody, Clarence Bahi 990092 2. Barber, Willie f 292. Yazhe, Ernest 448949 3. Begaye, Flemming 830977 293. Yazhe, Harrison A. 875363 4. Bejay, Charlie LEAVE OF ABSENCE 294. Yazza, Peter 875442 5. Burbank, Askee By unanimous consent, leave of ab- 295. Yazza, Vincent 1000109 6. Clauschee, Guy 990200 sence was granted to: 296. Yazzie, Clifton 894593 7. Hanigahnie Jake 297. Yazzie, Daniel 831030 8. Kent, Carl Henry Mr. NADLER (at the request of Ms. 298. Yazzie, Eddie Melvin 521223 9. Livingston, ? PELOSI) for today and December 8 on 299. Yazzie, Edison Kee 875390 10. Lod(v?)ato, Joe T. account of a family matter. 300. Yazzie, Felix 416408 11. Martinez, Martin f 301. Yazzie, Francis 1000101 12. Peshlakai, Wallace Jr. 302. Yazzie, Frank H. 990101 13. Singer, William SENATE ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED 303. Yazzie, Harding 894480 14. Yazzie ?, Leon 304. Yazzie, Harold 537154 15. Yazzie, Peter The Speaker announced his signature to enrolled bills of the Senate of the 305. Yazzie, Joe Shorty 830962 It is with that I submit those names following titles: 306. Yazzie, John 990113 on a wonderful treasure from the Four 307. Yazzie, Justin D. 1000126 Corners to America, and what they S. 1541. An act to revise the Federal char- 308. Yazzie, Lemuel Rev. 990062 ter for the Blue Star Mothers of America, 309. Yazzie, Ned 990112 gave this country is so valuable. You Inc. to reflect a change in eligibility require- 310. Yazzie, Pahe Denet 479773 look back on their life and what they ments for membership. 311. Yazzie, Raphael 831053 gave us is immeasurable. What I would S. 1639. An Act to amend title 36, United 312. Yazzie, Robert 831031 also like to do is honor them on today, States Code, to authorize the American Le- 313. Yazzie, William 875347 the anniversary of Pearl Harbor; and I gion under its Federal charter to provide 314. Yellowhair, Leon 990100 hope that we would look fondly on guidance and leadership to the individual de- 315. Yellowhair, Stanley 818600 their attributes and what they gave to partments and posts of the American Legion, 316. Yellowman, Howard 831032 and for other purposes. 317. Yoe, George 990119 this great country because we are all 318. Zah, Henry 894551 great because of them. f I also want to take the liberty of ac- LISTED, BUT NOT CONFIRMED ADJOURNMENT knowledging one other person. It’s her 1. Alfred, Johnnie 479728 birthday today. It’s my mom. She Mr. LAMBORN. Mr. Speaker, I move 2. Allen, Perry 818534 that the House do now adjourn. 3. Becenti, Ned 448948 turned 78. Happy birthday, Mom. 4. Begay, Edward 474862 I yield back the balance of my time. The motion was agreed to; accord- 5. Begay, Jimmie 419878 f ingly (at 8 o’clock and 8 minutes p.m.), 6. Begay, Johnson 965045 under its previous order, the House ad- 7. Brown, Ned 818534 NAVAJO CODE TALKERS journed until tomorrow, Thursday, De- 8. Clark, Jimmie 830987 (Mr. LAMBORN asked and was given cember 8, 2011, at 9 a.m. 9. Fowler, King 990080 permission to address the House for 1 f 10. Gray, Harvey 448909 minute.) 11. Jenson, Nevy 990178 Mr. LAMBORN. Mr. Speaker, on this, EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, 12. Jose, Teddy 448913 ETC. 13. Kennepah, Jessie 358451 the 70th anniversary of the attack on 14. Morgan, Herbert 448922 Pearl Harbor, I want to recognize a Under clause 2 of rule XIV, executive 15. Morgan, Sam 831100 group of unique Americans who made communications were taken from the 16. Nez, Howard 403039 an invaluable contribution to winning Speaker’s table and referred as follows: 17. Nez, Howard H. 831086 the war in the Pacific—Native Amer- 4176. A letter from the Acting Adminis- 18. Otero, Tom 831009 ican Code Talkers. trator, Department of Agriculture, transmit- 19. Singer, Tom 448916 John Werito of southwest Colorado ting the Department’s final rule — Christ- 20. Smith, Enoch 998953 was assigned to the 4th Marine Divi- mas Tree Promotion, Research, and Informa- 21. Sorrel, Jerome 448915 tion Order [Doc. No.: AMS-FV-10-0008-FR-1A] 22. Tsosie, David W. 831022 sion in Maui, Hawaii. He first saw ac- (RIN: 0581-AD00) received November 15, 2011, 23. Tsosie, Howard 964998 tion when his division landed on Roi pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 24. Tsosie, Howard J. 831024 Namur, part of the Marshall Islands, mittee on Agriculture. 25. Whitman, Joe Reid 831028 then a Japanese stronghold. 4177. A letter from the Management and 26. Wilson, William 567102 From there, the 4th Division took Program Analyst, Directives and Regula- 27. Yazzie, Charley H. 831054 Saipan where Werito was wounded. tions, Forest Service, Department of Agri- 28. Yazzie, Sam W. 990036 After recovering from his injuries, he culture, transmitting the Department’s final PENDING/WAITING FOR RECORDS took part in the invasion of Iwo Jima, rule — Community Forest and Open Space 1. Anderson, Edward 956330 where he was wounded a second time. Conservation Program (RIN: 0596-AC84) re- 2. Brown, N.A. 964770 He recovered from his injuries on a ceived November 15, 2011, pursuant to 5 3. Burnside, Francis A. 548184 hospital ship at sea after refusing to be U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- 4. Curley, Rueban 875229 sent home to the U.S. because he want- riculture. 5. David, Alfred 4178. A letter from the Director, Defense 6. Dooley, Richard 807198 ed to be part of the invasion of Japan, Procurement and Acquisition Policy, De- 7. Foster, Harold Y. 537154 should that be necessary. partment of Defense, transmitting the De- 8. Freeman, Edwin Back home, Werito settled in Denver partment’s final rule — Defense Federal Ac- 9. Goldtooth, Emmett where he served as a letter carrier for quisition Regulations Supplement (DFARS

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