Damage to maize crops by flood in woreda-photo credit the assessment team

1

Contents

...... 4

Key findings ...... 4

General Recommendations ...... 6

Food security ...... 6

Agriculture ...... 6

WASH ...... 6

Shelter NFI ...... 7

Nutrition ...... 7

Health ...... 7

Education ...... 7

Livelihoods ...... 7

Infrastructure ...... 8

Protection ...... 8

...... 8

1.1 Objective ...... 9

1.2 Methodology ...... 9

1.3 Limitations ...... 9

1.4 Visited woredas and sites ...... 9

...... 10

...... 10 2

3.1 Western zone-Deder, and Melka Belo woredas ...... 11

3.2 North East Zone-, Haromaya and woredas ...... 13

3.3 Central zone-Kersa,Metta and Goro Muxi woredas ...... 14

3.4 South zone-,Kurfa Challe and ...... 17

...... 18

4.1 Table 1-Visited Woredas Profile ...... 18

4.2 Table 2-Visited Woredas Affected Due to The Heavy Rain Impact ...... 19

4.3 Table 3-Displaced Population of the Visited Woredas ...... 19

4.4 Table 4 Impact On Production Lands ...... 20

4.5 Table 5 Impact on Life, Houses and Household Properties ...... 20

4.6 Table 6-Infrastructure Damages...... 21

...... 22

...... 23

...... 26

6.1 Assessment Team ...... 26

6.2 Requested Needs From Some Woredas ...... 27

6.3 Breakdown of Priority Needs of Some Woredas ...... 30

6.4 Estimated property damages by woreda ...... 34

6.5 Some photos ...... 38

3

Following the heavy rains which was received in many woredas of East zone since the month of July through August and continuing in some woredas, huge hectares of agricultural crop lands were damaged by flood, land slide, hailstorms and water logging.

East Hararghe zone DRMO called for a multi-agency rapid assessment to know the depth of the impact in order to advise an evidence-based humanitarian assistance. Accordingly, this Multi-Agency Flood Rapid Need Assessment was conducted from 23-29 September 2020 with the lead of Zone DRMO and OCHA.

In this assessment,5 UN Agencies (WFP, UNICEF, WHO, IOM and OCHA) and 8 INGOs (GOAL, CARE,HCS,AAH,IMC,LWF,ZOA and WVI) have participated.Moreover,government sectors-DRMO, Agriculture and Water office have taken part in the assessment.

Key findings

• The team visited 12 of the 13 affected woredas which is 92.3% coverage of the affected woredas.Due to the heavy and extremely above normal rains received,flood,land slide, water logging and hailstorms were the major weather related hazards resulting in disasters reported from almost all the visited woredas. • 240 kebeles (63.8%) out of the total kebeles (376) of the visited woredas were affected either by flood, or land slide or hailstorm or water logging. • A total of 556,499 (19.5%) people out of the visited woreda population (2,854,410) were affected. This figure is about double of the data obtained from the zone DRMO right at the beginning of the incident. The major difference was justified due to the continued impact of the flood in most of the woredas after their first reports made to the zone DRMO. • 113,536HHs(53637M,5371F) out of the total visited woreda HH population of 522,436 HHs have been affected. This means,21.7% of the HHs in the visited woredas have been affected by the incidents. • 50% of the affected HHs-56768HHs (283840 people) were reported under severe food insecurity condition due to the flood impact. These people need urgent food responses. But proper targeting of those included in PSNP or in emergency relief (HRP) beneficiaries needs to be done properly. • According to the reports obtained from the woredas and visits made to some places, a total of 1,195HHs(728M,154F) were displaced either by flood or land slide. The total displaced population are 5542.Some of the displaced population are sheltered in schools and others are hosted with their relatives in the community. Those sheltered in schools are in dire need of food and NFI responses particularly in Deder and Melka Belo woredas. • A total of 38,104.57 hectares of crop lands belonging to 113,536HHs were damaged out of which 31,869.25 hectares of crop lands were damaged due to flood,840.62 hectares of land affected by land slide,3632 hectares of Meher crops were damaged by water logging and 1762.7 hectares of crops were affected by hailstorms. This is expected to contribute to significant loss in Meher production. Even during the time of the assessment, the impact has been observed in lack of green harvests which put many households under food insecurity condition. This has been manifested in an increased report

4

of labour migration in almost all the visited woredas. In Kurfa Challe woreda only, over 1000HHs reported for labour migration. • 38 human deaths and 1420 livestock deaths were reported within 2 months’ time- from July through August 2020. • A total of 1875 houses were damaged out of which 513 were totally damaged and the remaining 1362 houses were partially damaged. About 50% of the houses with partial damages were rehabilitated by the support of the host community whereas those houses with total damages and the remaining 50% of those with partial damages needs external support. • The flood and landslide also resulted in household property damages estimated to birr 49,605,502. The loss is expected to be more as estimates from some woredas were not provided. • About 124 water schemes reported damaged with huge needs of rehabilitation cost. Access to safe drinking water is affected for quite large number of people. In Girawa woreda only, a damage to one water scheme affected water access to three kebele population of the woreda. • 98 bridges were either totally or partially damaged in all the 12 visited woredas. This have challenged access to some kebeles within the woreda or access between woredas. For example, damage to Dawe bridge hindered food transportation to six woredas for over a month. The bridge is not yet repaired, and the detour road is difficult to cross during heavy rains particularly for long trucks. • A total of 102 school rooms were reported with partially damage from the visited woredas whereas 4 schools were reported with total damages in two woredas (Deder and Melka Belo). Urgent need for rehabilitation of the affected schools is crucial before the schools opening. • Damages to 12 health facilities were also reported. The extent is partial to total damages. Moreover, road damages also affected movement of health and nutrition supplies to many health facilities particularly HPs in remote kebeles. This critically affected health service provision to many people particularly to those affected by flood or land slide. Health risks like malaria, water borne diseases and sanitation related health problems are most likely to increase due to the stagnant water as a result of water logging and damages to sanitation facilities like toilets. • A total of 454.8 kms length of roads were damaged which denied access to some kebeles within the woreda as well as between woredas. • Conflict induced IDPs who used to live in most of the visited woredas for the last three years are in a congested and bad living situation. Due to inconsistent food response from the government and whose coping mechanism from daily labour have been affected due to covid-19 as well as the flood impact are in critical situation This call for protection issues particularly for those children and women who have been already affected by certain disease cases and malnutrition particularly woreda though they paradoxically and perhaps magically survived COVID-19 to date.

Base on the field observation, secondary data source obtained from the woreda DRMOs and discussions made with the affected population, the following recommendations were made by the assessment team to address the key priority needs identified:

5

General Recommendations

Food security

Food security situation for many of the HHs is in critical problem. Lack of green harvest in areas affected by flood, land slide, water logging and hailstorms compromised food security to the affected 113,536HHs out of which about 34,061 HHs(170,304 people) are in urgent need of food assistance whereas the status of the remaining 79,475HHs(386,195 people) should be monitored closely and seen critically during the pre meher assessment. Moreover, consistent food response to the HRP beneficeries, PSNP beneficiaries and IDPs and IDP returnees is very crucial. Provision of supplementary foods for under-five, pregnant and lactating mothers is needed Government authorities including partners at all levels should prioritize pre-positioning of food and non-food items for rapid response with emphasis to the most affected ones.

Agriculture

A large hectare of agricultural crops and vegetables on the field have been affected by the flood and in some cases by landslide. Thus, there is a high demand of seeds particularly short season maturing seeds like sweet potato, potato,chikpeas to replant the 31,869.25 hectares of crop lands damaged due to flood .Moreover, using the wet moisture, seeds for irrigation plantations is also demanded.Vegitable fruits and seedlings to replace some fruit trees is also requested in all the visited woredas. Resources dwindling, population increase, and livestock feed shortage also observed. Thus, provision of agricultural tools, agricultural inputs, animal feed and veterinary services was requested. People are engaged in off agriculture livelihoods like selling labour and firewood especially by girls and women. This is aggravating environmental degradation in turn contributing to the flooding. Abuse of child labour is also an issue. Thus, cash injection to those highly affected is required. Provision of drug and vaccine for livestock’s and food for livestock in areas where grazing lands were highly affected by water logging was proposed. Environmental and natural resources protection and control interventions is highly demanding.

WASH

Safe water supply is a greatest need and the priority for the flood affected communities in the flood affected woredas Community hygiene promotion and education is required for proper handling of water and food. Rehabilitation of the damaged water schemes is urgently needed to improve access to safe water Provision of WASH NFIs and hygiene kits in those affected areas with priority attention to those in displacement is an urgent. Water treatment chemicals should be availed for woreda water utility sectors so that safe water is possible in flood affected areas to prevent prevalence of water borne diseases. Many latrines were reported damaged due to flood or landslide. Thus, construction of emergency communal latrines is highly demanded. Provision of WASH in schools and health facilities is also an issue to be considered. 6

Shelter NFI

Due to the huge damages to several houses which left people to displacement, support with shelter repairs or reconstruction is one of the top priorities identified Distribution of household utensil and ESNFIs is demanded Support with cash for house repairs or purchase of household utensils has been requested Support with shelter construction for those who are hosted in schools is an urgent before the school opening

Nutrition

Strengthening of screening activity by increasing coverage and quality in all affected areas and particularly in hard to reach areas where access has been compromised du to poor road condition. Provision of CSB ++ for MAM cases timely was raised as a critical issue aggravating malnutrition case Prepositioning of CMAM supplies in areas affected is a priority. Strengthening SAM and MAM case management in all areas required.

Health

Strengthening prevention and treatment of communicable disease by providing drugs and creating awareness. Deploying mobile health and nutrition service in hard to reach areas and for those who are displaced in areas of displacement Provision of emergency, essential drugs and medical equipment. Capacity building for health extension workers and health workers. Distribution of ITNs Preparedness activities to be done for Malaria, AWD and Cholera outbreaks

Education

Repairing school rooms and replacement of damaged teaching materials. Support with school materials with priority to those in displacement Evacuation of IDPs from school compounds and sanitary work to be done before the school opening Support of educational materials. Construction of additional classes and WASH facilities. Provision of infection prevention materials like mask, sanitizer, soap, water tankers School feeding program to students from the affected HHs with priority to the displaced students

Livelihoods

IGA or livestock restocking for those who lost their permanent assets due to flood or landslide Cash support for those whose livelihood was highly affected and migrated for labour search

7

Cash injection to purchase household materials for those whose houses and household properties were affected.

Infrastructure

Maintenance of roads and bridge in order to reach many woredas and kebeles to reduce cost of food items and reach health facilities for supportive supervision. Road and bridge rehabilitation/construction is crucial for humanitarian responses. Thus, government and development partners to priority this intervention as soon as possible. Construction of roads and bridges is crucial to stabilize market which was highly affected due to access constraints.

Protection

Strengthening protection interventions in all the affected woredas through the office of Women, children and youth affairs with attention in capacity building and data management Provision of mental and psychosocial support to the affected community Strengthening social protection systems Put in place strong preparedness, prevention and protection mechanisms Provision of unconditional cash responses Safe living environment for IDPs Ensuring basic needs for the IDPs and IDP returnees in flood affected areas

East Hararghe zone is one of the 20 zones of Regional state located in the eastern part of the country. The capital of East Hararghe is which is located at 521Kms from the national capital Addis Ababa. The zone is further divided into 20 rural and 4 urban woredas. East Hararghe zone is the highest populated zone of the region with estimate total population of 3.8M projected from CSA 2007 census. The population pressure resulted in very small land holding size per household. As a result, farmers are forced to cultivate hill sides putting pressure on forest lands as deforestation leading to potential land degradation. As a result, the zone is characterised as the most chronic food insecurity zone of the region. Rainfall pattern is irregular and erratic in most of the lowland woredas whereas sometimes above normal in highland areas which results in flood incidents.

East Hararghe zone DRMO reported that historically 8 woredas of the zone namely; Deder,Girawa,Bedeno,Metta,Goro Muxt,Goro Gutu ,Melka Bello and Jarso are flood prone woredas with reported history of minimal impacts.However,the heavy rains which was received during the month of July and August 2020 in many highland woredas of the zone resulted in floods and landslide which affected significant number of population in 13 woredas of the zone. The zone DRMO report which was released end of August indicated that about 58,000HHs with a total population of 290,000 in 169 kebeles of 13 woredas were affected by flood and land slide and requested support from partners. OCHA immediately prepared a flash flood update based on the secondary data obtained from the zone and shared with OCHA head office to be shared at regional and national ICCG platforms. The issue was again raised on the zonal 8

coordination meeting which was held on 1 September 2020 and an action point for a Multi-Agency Rapid Assessment was agreed and scheduled for 5-8 September.Unfortunately,due to the security situation at that time, the flood RNA was re-scheduled for 23-29 Sept. 2020 which is the rationale for this report.

1.1 Objective

Following the heavy rains received in highland woredas of East Hararghe zone during the months of July and August,13 woredas were affected by flash flood, land slide and Hailstorms.Reportedly,the incident affected huge number of population including loss of life and properties which triggered this rapid assessment to identify the depth and magnitude of the impact ,identify priority needs and make recommendations.

1.2 Methodology

The assessment team was divided into 4 and each team visited three woredas in three days starting from 23- 25. The flood rapid need assessment was then conducted using a mix of primary and secondary data sources. Accordingly;

1. Secondary data source collected from the woreda DRMO and other sector offices and verified with the data obtained from the zone DRMO. 2. Focussed group discussion with woreda DRM task forces and affected community was conducted 3. Site visit and observation 4. Key Informant interview with the affected community using structured checklist-attached used

Each team produced a team report from 27-28 September and finally consolidated as one file of this shape was produced by 1 October 2020.

1.3 Limitations

The scope of the impact was vast and allotted time for the assessment was very short. This resulted into rush observation and lack of plenty of time for detail discussions. Moreover, access challenge due to poor road and terrain compromised visits to some of the highly affected sites. Data quality and availability at woreda level was very poor and extensive meetings in all woredas challenged accessing influential woreda officials.

1.4 Visited woredas and sites

Ser.no Woreda Name Site Name Remarks 1 Goro Gutu Yeka Umama Tokuma village Woday Mumed 2 Melka Belo N/A 3 Deder Gaba Gudina, Haka Bas, Bishan Dima Village Dolal, Keyro, 4 Kurfa Challe Gudina Mula’ta 5 Bedeno Furda 6 Girawa Mojo Qite 7 Metta Walensu 8 Goro Muxi Dado 9 Kersa Addele 9

10 Jarso Badhasa 11 Kombolcha Egu 12 Haromaya Tuji Gebissa Replacing Qeransa Darraba due to road access

East Hararghe zone of Oromia is falling/classified under the bimodal rainfall receiving belt of the country which receives Belg rains from mid of February through end of May and Kirempt/Meher rains from the months of June through September. The belg rain is useful to produce over 20% of the annual production during the short belg season. The belg rain is also very crucial for land preparation of the meher season. The Kirempt rain is the main rainy season of the area used to produce the meher season crops which is mainly long cycles crops which covers about 80% of the annual production of the households. Both rains are very decisive for the livelihood of over 85% of the rural population depending on rain fed agriculture and livestock productions. Irregularity of the onsets and cessations ,intensity and coverage of these rains which is recurrently varying from time to time and place to place is very determinantal to the livelihood of the farmers who suffer from drought when the rainfall is erratic mostly in the lowlands and flooding when the rains are above normal mainly in the highland woredas of the zone. So, flooding, hailstorms, drought, frost, water logging and land slide are the recorded whether related hazards in the zone.

According to East Hararghe zone DRMO report, flood is not new to the zone. Eight woredas (Deder, Girawa, Bedeno, Metta, Goro Muxi, Goro Gutu, Melka Bello and Jarso) of the zone are flood prone who registered small to medium flood impacts during the past years. For example, in 2006, heavy rainfall resulted in landslide in Jarso woreda which constrained road access to Kombolcha woreda and Harar town. Torrential rains and flooding, snowfall, Hailstorms, water logging used to affect an increasing number of people leading to displacements, human deaths and damages to agricultural crops, vegetables, houses and household property infrastructure damages to WASH schemes, schools, health facilities roads and bridges.

Recently, heavy rains which was extremely above normal was received in 13 woredas of the zone starting from the month of July with its peak during the second week of August. This rains resulted in flash floods in the highland areas washing away agricultural plants, resulted to landslides damaging crop lands as well as houses mainly in the midlands and water logging affecting huge cropland areas as well as grazing lands in the flat areas and in the lowland areas. The incident affected huge number of populations including loss of life and properties which triggered this rapid assessment to identify the depth of the impact, identify priority needs and make recommendations.

As a result, a multi-agency assessment team comprising of 5 UN Agencies,8 INGOs and people from government sector offices was conducted in 12 woredas out of the affected 13 affected of the zone starting from 23-29 Sept.2020.Key findings of the assessment is as presented below:

Following the heavy rains received particularly during the last week of July and the second week of August 2020 which hit all areas on the similar days resulted in flash floods running down the hilly sides of the 10

Hararghe mountains washing away crop fields and plantations. The flood also entered to people’s houses and damaged household properties and resulted in loss of life both to human and livestock. The rains were heavy and recurrently occurred for several days and for long hours in a day. In almost all the visited woredas, land slide and cracking, flooding, water logging and hailstorm were widely reported. Both flooding and landslide caused severe damage to planted long cycle crops, cash crops like chat and coffee, vegetables and fruits, livestock, infrastructures and houses. Long cycle crops were damaged at flowering to maturity stages. Hailstorm also damaged short cycle and long cycle crops and some fields were observed with huge waterlogged. The detail impacts from the observed woredas is as presented below.

3.1 Western zone-Deder,Goro Gutu and Melka Belo woredas

In Goro Gutu, Melka Belo and Deder woredas, a total of 3811, 2872 and 5972 households were affected by flood and a total of 2745, 136, 1968 households were affected by land slide respectively. The kebeles affected by flood and landslide respectively are 6 and 17 in Goro Gutu; 12 and 9 in Melka Belo as well as 37 and 12 in Deder. In addition, hailstorm and waterlogging also affecting planted crops. Moreover, deaths and displacement of people was reported from Goro Gutu, Melka Belo and Deder woredas. In Deder woreda ,2 males and 1 female died due to flood, 16 goats and 20 chicken were also deceased. In the same woreda, 9 people were reported dead (6 male & 3 female) due to land slide. Similarly, in Melka Belo death of 8 persons of 3 households due to landslide was reported. In Goro Gutu there was no human death, but 108 livestock death was reported. The impact is almost on all sectors. Cereal crop production and cash crop are the major sources of the livelihood in these woredas. Moreover, livestock production is also practiced widely in this livelihood. Most of the areas in the woredas fall under midland agroecology which is suitable for agricultural activities. Moreover, all the three woredas have access to irrigation both structured and traditional by which they usually grow chat, vegetables and fruits. However, following the hazard incidences like flooding, landslide and hailstorm significant hectares of agricultural land was affected, irrigation facilities damaged, livestock death and livestock feed damaged. Accordingly, a total of 687.5 ha, 1472.75 ha, and 1150 ha crop land was damaged due to the incidences including fruits and vegetables in Deder, Goro Gutu and Melka Belo woredas respectively. The total production loss was estimated to 92,157 qt, 41,160 qt and 34,694 qt in Deder, Goro Gutu and Melka Belo woredas. Water logging observed in most of flood affected areas hence significant production reduction is expected. Besides, cash crops of 578 ha, 454 ha and 772.5 ha were damaged which is 936 qt, 735 qt, and 1,251 qt production loss in Deder, Goro Gutu and Melka Belo woredas respectively. This resulted in a major income source loss in the woredas. The damage caused to planted crops was significant whereby total loss is expected. Moreover, there was 108 livestock death in Goro Gutu as well as 479 ha and 87.5 ha livestock feed damaged in Deder and Melka Belo woredas. In addition, 1968 and 2000 Eucalyptus trees were damaged in Deder and Melka Belo woredas which is worth 456,960 and 464,370 ETB.

Due to the flooding and landslide, there are damages of houses and loss of household properties followed by displacement of communities in these woredas. Accordingly, 192 residential houses in Deder, 52 in Goro Gutu and 133 in Melka Belo were totally damaged. In addition, 276, 209 and 149 houses were partially damaged in Deder, Goro Gutu and Melka Belo woredas respectively. The damage to residential houses caused displacement and the displaced population are sheltered in schools, FTC and hosted by relatives as well. A total of 280 households in Goro Gutu, 149 households in Melka Belo and 257 in Deder were displaced. The community were trying to repair the partially damaged houses so that households been able to return to their homes. These households are food insecure, need basic things like clothes, household

11

utensils, shelter materials, education material support for their school age children etc. Currently, those IDPs whose houses were damaged totally are still sheltered in schools. Accordingly, 128 HHs (837 people) in Deder and 149 HHs in Melka Belo displaced people are sheltered in schools. The remaining affected households resided with their relatives until their houses got repaired. All the affected households need immediate shelter and NFI support. The team visited those IDPs in Bishan Dima kebele of Deder woreda who are sheltered in a school. These IDPs are in critical needs of lifesaving responses. In addition, there are school age children displaced with their parents who need educational support if schools open soon.

On the other hand, the flood also affected wash schemes in the visited woredas leaving significant number of communities without access to safe water. In Deder woreda, access to water infrastructures was denied due to burial of the infrastructure by landslide and which needs some work to take it out of the ground. Accordingly, 4 reservoirs and 3 Generators could not be accessed to be operated for daily water supply in visited Kufanzik kebele. In addition, 2 pipelines were disconnected that provides drinking water, one water point and 2 spring boxes need rehabilitation. A health centre has no access to safe water due to the incidence. Due to these problems overcrowding of water points and shortage of drinking water observed and there is fear of different water borne diseases. In Goro Gutu 7 Springs with distribution need rehabilitation (which are partially functional)which provide water to 2290HH , one Spring on spot which provide water to 125 HH and 3 Hand Pump need replacement, one deep well need rehabilitation work and replacement of the riser pipe is crucial, in addition, one deep well need rehabilitation and submersible pipe replacement which is affected by the flood. In Melka Belo woreda one submersible pump, 2 Shallow well were damaged by the flood and needs rehabilitation which serves 300 HH. Additionally, 4 Generators need replacement and 3 submersible pumps need replacement which was accessed by 1800 HH. There is also damaged pipeline with different fittings in 3 Kebeles which needs replacement. In general, this is causing stress to the existing community on water supply and might cause health problem to the community. Moreover, latrines were washed away or filled with water and affected communities were forced to use open defecation, live in poor hygiene as well as overcrowding the available latrine. In addition, the displaced households use unprotected spring for drinking water.

Figure 1 broken pipeline in Kufanzik kebele of Deder woreda

The flood also affected schools in visited woredas of Deder, Melka Belo and Goro Gutu. Accordingly, 12 schools out which 2 are totally damaged with 44 classrooms was reported from Deder and 2 schools with total damage was reported from Melka Belo. The teaching and learning process will be challenged for the upcoming academic year whereby students from the affected households may face difficulty to continue their education. As a result, support of education materials including uniforms required for the affected. Moreover, support of COVID 19 preventive materials were required for the students. Rehabilitation of partially damaged classroom and provision of education materials including uniforms is required for the smooth learning and teaching process. Provision of COVID 19 preventive materials were required. The health facility in all the three Woreda needs water supply in the compound which needs maintenance of pipeline and lack of water treatment chemicals is crucial. specially because of un functionality of water schemes and scarcity of clean drinking water the health sector might suffer a lot.

12

Provision of water treatment chemicals to the health centre and even at household level is crucial to reduce the prevalence of water borne diseases in the area. Hygiene promotion education through the community should be provided in support of the community in proper handling of water, food. The flood and landslide caused damage to roads and bridges I all the woredas visited. According to woreda officials a total of 84 and 85 kilometres of road has been damaged in Melka Belo and Deder woredas respectively. In addition, 12 bridges in Deder were damaged and require critical maintenance

In normal times households access food mainly through own production and purchases. The major income sources of the households are selling of cash crops like chat and coffee, sell of vegetables & fruits, livestock & livestock product sell. Currently, the impact of the hazards like flooding, landslide, hailstorm and waterlogging may significantly affect the food and income access of households in the affected Deder, Melka Belo and Goro Gutu woredas. As a result of the current disaster there is expected crop production loss of up to 70%and above, loss of chat and coffee. Therefore, the food security situation may deteriorate due to significant production loss to total damage, reduced income from cash crops coupled with the current price hike of staple foods and inflation. The food security situation is expected to be below average until households manage to get production from irrigation activities in the Bega season or may get short maturing varieties of seed to plant on the flood recessed land, and the chat production restored, and harvest enabled in the months ahead. Therefore, emergency food support may be required for 556,499 number of affected populations with priorities to about 170,304 people until they harvest in the months ahead. In addition, closely monitoring of households who are at risk of being food insecure if the situation gets devastated further as the forecast from NMA is indicative of possible flooding

3.2 North East Zone-Kombolcha, Haromaya and Jarso woredas

The three visited woredas were reported with recurrent records of flood related impacts. For example, rainfall caused a landslide in these woreda and blocked road access to Harar town and Kombolcha in 2006.However,the recent one is far recorded with huge impacts in which the torrential rainfall caused flood, landslide, snowfall and hailstorms and water logging starting from July with the peak observed during the second week of August. The impact also resulted in displacement and death of people, damages to infrastructures and critically affected the livelihood of the affected community.

The assessment team verified that a total of 182,470 peoples (50,305 from Kombolcha, 5330 from Jarso and 126,835 from Haromaya) woreda were affected by flood and 2600 people from Jarso woreda were affected by landslide in the total of 53 kebeles (10 Kombolcha, 12 Jarso and 23 Haromaya). As part of these total figure or more specifically, during discussion with the community, it has been confirmed that in Jarso woreda (8 HHs in Chala Kebele and 13 HHs affected due to landslide on estimated 50 hectare) in Burka Misoma. Also, in Haro-Maya the team was informed by the community that there are 24 households whose house is flooded and damaged by the flood and forced to take host among their relatives and kebeles fellows. This has been confirmed thorough discussion with woreda DRMO task force sectors and reports as well. Besides, 3 persons reported died in Kombolcha woreda and 1150 people were displaced (400 from Jarso and 750 from Haromaya) and many are sheltering within the host community or relatives in the affected kebeles and there are fear of increment of the number of IDP due to landslide especially in Jarso Woreda. Moreover, about 37,011 HHs farmlands (10,061 from kombolcha, 1583 from Jarso and 25367 from Haromaya woreda) were affected and 20,414.7 hectares of farmland lost with estimated production loss of 62944 quintals. 13

Similarly, partial to total damages to household properties including houses and materials, livestock, basic infrastructure like WASH schemes, health systems, schools, roads and bridges as well as natural resources like trees and lands around river galleys were reported.232 houses (30from kombolcha, 52 from Jarso and 150 from Haramaya) were damaged. Deaths of 34 livestock’s (29 from Jarso and 5 from Haramaya) were reported. 738,400 Kg food items (44,200 kg from Kombolcha and 325,000 kg from Jarso woreda) were damaged and 4,530 different non-food items (945 from kombolcha, 730 from Jarso and 2855 from Haramaya woreda) were also damaged.

Infrastructures like, Road 155.67 KM (72.67 km in Jarso and 83 km in Haramaya) were damaged, 75 bridges (2 in Kombolcha, 69 in Jarso and 5 in Haromaya) need urgent maintenance. 24 school classes (9 classes in Kombolcha and 15 classes in Haramaya) were also damaged. 4 HPs in Jarso woreda are damaged and 48 different water schemes (10 from Kombolcha, 3 from Jarso and 35 from Haramaya wereda) were reported damaged. Th estimated cost of the infrastructure damage is about 22,063,660 Birr in the three woredas. The flood impact also resulted in distortion of livelihoods and forced significant number of households to labour migration( 200 HHs from Egu Kebele of Kombolcha reported engaged on labour selling job in near town and 150 persons left for looking labour work form Badhasa Keble of Jarso reported during community FGDs) , increase in firewood collection and selling mostly by women and children exposing them to risk of GBV.The food security situation is deteriorating a lot in the coming months due to production loss will likely cause the further increase of food shortages and livelihoods. Therefore, the affected people needs short and long term support of food, emergency seed, emergency shelter and NFIs, WASH NFIs including dignity kits and COVID-19 responses, emergency cash, drugs and medical services of health and nutrition response ,as well as awareness creation and training for the community on flood preparedness and prevention. Rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure including school, health, WASH and other are also required. Though it was not part of the main objectives the assessment the finding also shows 75 HHs conflict induced IDPs in three woredas are overcrowded and living in meeting halls for about 3 years and complained they do not get transit centre standard services like health, protection and others except intermittent food support from the government. This call for protection issues particularly for the children and women and already affected by certain disease cases and malnutrition (Haramaya) though they paradoxically and perhaps magically survived COVID-19 to date.

3.3 Central zone-Kersa,Metta and Goro Muxi woredas

In Goro Muxi, Metta and Kersa, a total of 65 kebeles out of 90 kebeles of the three woredas were affected either by flood or landslide or hailstorm.46 kebeles were affected by flood only,39 kebeles affected by flood with landslide and 6 kebeles affected by snow. A total of 128,625 (male 72,586 & female 56,041) peoples were critically affected by those crises. This accounts for 21% of the total population. In terms of households, 35,087 (male HH 32,502 & female 2,585) were affected by crises, among those 51% (18,242) HHs were critically affected by flood induces crises. 40 HHs (male HH 36 & female HH 4) and 248 (male 129, female 115) families were displeased from their permanent residents and in the host community or relatives and others sheltered in schools.9,489.37 hectare of farmland were critical damaged estimated to a production loss 14

of 121,509 quintals which is worth over 160 million birr. The flood also damaged 482 houses (fully 17 & 465 partial) and 59Km road and 5 bridges and 18 water schemes were reported damaged due to flood or land slid.4 human deaths (male 3 and female 1) reported due to the flood. In general, the livelihood of the affected community is at risk and over 128,627 individuals (35,087 HHs) needs emergency food assistance among whom more than half are vulnerable groups (Mothers, elders, and children) and immediately require short- term food assistance.

Due to flood/landslide 482 houses (17 fully and 465 partially) damaged and 248 people (40 Households) were displaced from their permanent residents found in Goro Muti and Kersa woreda. Displaced people lost all their belongings including shelter, kitchen, water collection utensils, and clothing/bedding during the flood/landslide. The majority-displaced peoples living in the schools especially in Goro Muti Woreda and some other people’s living with their relatives and neighbours in kersa woreda. According to the respondents, no responses reach them since the flood-hit them except lifesaving and evacuating them. Thus, shelter, food, and clean water are three of their top critical needs. For 40 households were needs immediate provision of Shelter/NFI materials which were affected by flood/landslide found in Goro Muti and Kersa woredas. Immediate distribution of dignity kit to displaced women and girls.

There is not confirmed outbreak diseases on all woreda. However, there is threats to the potential of waterborne diseases including of Cholera, due to the consumption of stagnant/contaminated water and poor hygiene practices this will related to flood/landslide induced collapsing of latrine. Currently, there is a high burden of diarrheal diseases and skin diseases in Kersa, and Goro Muti woreda for both adult and children. The most prevalent risks of diseases are Cholera /AWD/, malnutrition, pneumonia and malaria. All visited woredas peoples are living in overcrowded, in poor settlement conditions also poor COVID preparedness and prevention activities in the community level. There is a severe infestation of mosquitoes following stagnant water in the flooded areas and malaria may prevail; in addition to this, there is a shortage of essential medical supplies, equipment and there is high shortage of emergency medicines on all visited woredas.Moreover, 18 water schemes were damage in Kersa and Goro muti woreda. Clean and safe water supply as the greatest need and the priority for the flood-affected community in these flood/landslide- affected communities. In addition to that, the flood washed away and there are wide open defection and poor hygiene as well as overcrowding to available latrines, and these are exposed and high-risk factors for the disease outbreaks like water-borne diseases. Water treatment chemicals are not entirely available in all flood-affected woredas and people are drinking untreated water. Some of the flood-displaced communities are drinking stagnant water contaminated to flood.

15

Water logging in Kersa worda Washed away farmlands in Goro Muxi

16

3.4 South zone-Girawa,Kurfa Challe and Bedeno

In Kurfa Chall woreda, 10 kebeles of the woreda were affected either by flood or land slide. 7 kebeles of the woreda were affected by flood,6 by water lodging,3 by land slide and 1 by Hailstorm. A total of 1783HHs were affected by flood,3680HHs affected by water lodging and 154 HHs by landslide and 619HHs affected by Hailstorm. In total,6236HHs(5867M,369F) with a total population of 34,752(32,890M,1862F) were affected by the heavy rain impact. A total of 3693 hectares of Meher plantations were damaged due to the heavy rain out of which 2433 hectares is with a total loss while the rest is partial loss (40-50%). The flood also resulted in 1 human and 106 livestock deaths. Significant damages to infrastructure was reported in which 2 bridges,7 water schemes, several electric poles and 19 classrooms in 4 schools were totally damaged. As a result, road access to the woreda was compromised for over a month which critically affected movement of food to 6 woredas of the zone. Damage to the water schemes also affected water access to 23 960 people in 10 kebeles of the woreda. Moreover,49 houses were damaged out which 8 were total damaged and 23 HHs were also reported displaced. The flood particularly the water logging affected the Meher plantations and no green harvest was obtained as opposed to same time previous years. This affected the livelihood of many HHs which resulted in an increase of labour migration. According to woreda report, a total of 1163HHs(900M,263F) were migrated to another woredas particularly to Awadi and Haromaya woredas looking for labour opportunities.However,labour demand has been affected by the Covid-19 resulting in low wage which showed drastic fall by over 50%(Labour cost which was 150 birr this time last year is now 60- 70birr).

The team to Kurfa Challe visited Gudina Mula’ta site/kebele of the woreda and discussed with the affected community. Gudina Mula’ata kebele is a fertile plane land just under the mount Gara Mulla’ta where 1662HHs reside. The community mentioned that they used to receive relatively good rains with good production potentials, but this year rain was far above the normal trend and resulted in flood coming down from the hill and affected their farmland. Some of the plantations were washed out in sloppy areas whereas huge water logging occurred in flat areas. According to the community, a total of 350 hectares of crop land due to flood and 12hectares of land due to landslide was affected since the month of July 2020. Total of 8 houses with total damage and 41 houses with partial damages was reported. However, after few days of displacement, the community reconstructed their houses and they are back home now.

Girawa woredas was also highly affected by the recent flood. 25 kebeles out of the 47 kebeles of the woreda were affected with 9 kebeles from highland, 9 kebeles in Midland and 7 kebeles from lowland. A total of 1345 hectares covered by different plants were damaged by flooding which was estimated to a production loss of 31,198 quintals further estimated to ETB 43,677,200. As a result, food security of 6480 HHs (male 6122, female 231) were directly affected. On the other hand, 205.5 hectares of land was damaged due to landslide which affected 575 HHs out of which house and household properties of 32 HHs were totally damaged whereas 160 HHs (male 100, female 60) are displaced to other kebeles. In addition to this, 3 human deaths and 655 livestock deaths, deaths of 50 poultry and 20 equines were also reported due to the flood. A 0.5km long water pipeline was reported damaged due to landslide which affected people in three kebeles Lafto somolo, Ela Xaxesa and Janata to access water. Additionally, one water source of spring with gravity in Lafto harawo was filled with flood and affected access to pure water. Besides, several electric poles from Dogu town to Lijaa were broken due to landslide. Due to lack of access to pure water for those kebeles mentioned above and water linkages in many pipes which were affected by gravity, water born disease

17

including Cholera is expected. Lack of fresh harvests due to crop damages from the flood and water logging, malnutrition cases were reported. From the 25 kebeles which were affected by the flood, a total of 232 PLWs with MAM cases and 517 children with SAM cases were reported. As a copying strategy, huge increase in labour migration was reported from those affected kebeles but labour demand has drastically decreased due to the Covid-19 impact as well as the unpredictable security situation of the area.

In Bedeno woreda,17 kebeles out of the 42 kebeles of the woreda were affected by flood or land slide as well as water logging. As a result, 63,720 (M-62300 F-1420) populations are affected with damages to their production on 404 hectares.Moreover,71 houses , 15 water schemes, 6 hand pumps , 41 schools , 3 health post 55.5 km of road and 4 bridges were reported damaged due to flood or landslide . Death of 5 people who were taken by the flood was reported .Due to the waterlogging, huge loss in meher production particularly on wheat is expected whereas damages to maize crops has already been observed .A team visited huge hectares of Wheat crop in Furda kebele which is turning yellow due to water logging. Crops on the farmland is affected by over rainfall it will increases product loss at the end. Access from woreda to many kebeles have been affected due to road damages due to the flood or land slide.

{{{

4.1 Table 1-Visited Woredas Profile

HH population of the # kebeles in the Woreda population woreda woreda Woreda Name visted M F T M F T Urban Rural Total Kombolcha 97141 94418 191559 19828 1295 21123 0 22 22 Jarso 89692 99432 189124 37427 1897 39324 0 21 21 Haromaya 162014 155660 317674 49637 16545 66182 0 35 35

124,317 120,317 28,718 3,350 Kersa 244634 32068 38 38

71,927 70,878 22,075 2,367 Goro Muxi 142805 24442 15 15

105,478 117,148 Metta 222626 46259 5140 51399 42 42 Deder 161852 148261 310113 42142 4546 46688 3 37 40 Melka Belo 129008 123950 252958 27876 25823 53699 4 22 26 Goro Gutu 115881 84458 200339 29346 1804 31150 0 28 28 Kurfa Challe 52536 51586 104122 16114 1753 17867 0 20 20 Girawa 168573 173573 342146 58849 9580 68429 2 45 47 Bedeno 164792 171518 336310 69365 700 70065 2 40 42 Total 1443211 1411199 2854410 447636 74800 522436 11 365 376

18

4.2 Table 2-Visited Woredas Affected Due to The Heavy Rain Impact

Woreda name # of kebeles affected Population affected HH affected Urban Rural Total M F T M F T Kombolcha 0 10 10 44740 5565 50305 10061 Jarso 0 20 20 7545 385 7930 1586 Haromaya 0 23 23 64686 62149 126835 25367 Kersa 29 29 31400 30250 61650 21,103 977 22,080 Goro Muxi 15 15 20836 23246 44082 7,329 1,099 8,428 Metta 21 21 20350 2545 22895 4,070 509 4,579 Deder 0 37 37 23463 24420 47883 7940 Melka Belo 0 21 21 12116 12479 24595 3008 Goro Gutu 0 17 17 18,549 18,551 37,100 6,556 Kurfa Challe 0 10 10 32890 1862 34752 5867 639 6506 Girawa 0 20 20 18268 16484 34752 6650 248 6898 Bedeno 0 17 17 62300 1420 63720 8618 1899 10517 Total 0 240 240 357143 199356 556499 53637 5371 113526

4.3 Table 3-Displaced Population of the Visited Woredas

Woreda name #HH displaced Total people displaced M F T M F T Kombolcha 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jarso 73 7 80 194 206 400 Haromaya 138 12 150 382 368 750

Kersa 7 1 8 35 1 40

Goro Muxi 29 3 32 94 114 208 Metta Deder 257 837 Melka Belo 133 16 149 740 Goro Gutu 230 50 280 1340 Kurfa Challe 18 5 23 80 24 104 Girawa 100 60 160 480 163 643 Bedeno 56 480 Total 728 154 1195 1265 876 5542

19

4.4 Table 4 Impact On Production Lands

Hectares of Hectares of Hectares of Hectares of cropland affected cropland affected cropland affected cropland affected Woreda by flood by Landslide by water logging by Hailstorm Kombolcha 4054.5 0 0 0 Jarso 295.5 101 765.5 113 Haromaya 15845 0 0 0 Kersa 4100.5 4.5 0 0 Goro Muxi 2411 43.62 0 561 Metta 744.25 Deder 687.5 0 0 0 Melka Belo 747 26 0 377 Goro Gutu 803 406 0 263.7 Kurfa Challe 456 30 1300 448 Girawa 1345 205.5 0 0 Bedeno 380 24 2332 0 Total 31869.25 840.62 3632 1762.7

4.5 Table 5 Impact on Life, Houses and Household Properties

loss of life damages to living houses damages to HH Woreda Livestock totally partially properties name M F T deaths damaged damaged Total estimated in ETB Kombolcha 2 1 3 0 9 21 30 2753042 Jarso 0 0 0 29 9 43 52 10181400 Haromaya 1 2 3 5 69 81 150 6930560

Kersa 1 0 1 4 8 444 452 1,110,500

Goro Muxi 1 0 1 0 9 21 30 910,000 Metta 1 1 2 39 0 Deder 8 4 12 16 192 276 468 9660000 Melka Belo 5 3 8 0 133 149 282 5215000 Goro Gutu 0 0 0 265 52 209 261 7315000 Kurfa Challe 0 0 0 106 8 41 49 4,300,000 Girawa 2 1 3 955 8 22 30 1,200,000 Bedeno 3 2 5 1 16 55 71 30,000 Total 24 14 38 1420 513 1362 1875 49,605,502

20

4.6 Table 6-Infrastructure Damages

damages damages to damages to to roads water Damages damages to health in km schemes to bridge schools/classrooms facilities/rooms length Woreda Kombolcha 10 2 9 0 0 Jarso 3 69 0 4 73 Haromaya 35 4 15 0 80 Kersa 8 0 0 0 44.3 Goro Muxi 10 5 0 0 13 Metta 0 0 0 2 Deder 9 12 12 0 85 Melka Belo 9 0 2 0 84 Goro Gutu 10 0 0 0 0 Kurfa Challe 7 2 19 0 0 Girawa 2 0 0 6 22 Bedeno 21 4 45 3 51.5 Total 124 98 102 13 454.8

A bridge totally damaged-Dawe,Kurfa Challe woreda

21

Following the onset of the disster,respective woreda DRMOs have conducted assessments and reported to the zonal DRMOs with urgent needs.However,most of the visited woredas reported that they didn’t get response from the zone.Thus,in almost all the visited woredas,the response made to date is very minimal. Some woredas have mobilized resources from the woreda community and utilized the very few emergency reserves resources they have at hand to respond to the very needy only for life saving. Most of the visited woredas have no capacity and resource to respond thus waiting for response from the zonal and regional government. The burden is still on the host community who are supporting the affected community using social network coping strategies while majority of the host community themselves are also relief aid dependent. In Haromaya woreda, Care , has supported 1360 HHs with NFIs like 1360 Jerican, 5440 Lifeboy soap (4 pieces per house hold) and 10,880 sachets of Wuhagar water treatment chemical (8 sachets per house hold).Deder woreda received and distributed 500 quintals of food Melka Belo also provided 300 qt of maize to the affected community. In addition, the local community supported in hosting affected relatives, maintaining partially damaged houses and providing shelter temporarily.In Meta Woreda ,International Medical Corps provided hygiene kit for 200 IDP HHs,IOM provided 35 Pcs of Plastic sheet and Goal Ethiopia provided kitchen kits for 882 HHs.All response was made to IDPs only.

Building the immediate response capacity of the local community was commendable as the immediate family and neighbours supported those affected which checked on a possible humanitarian crisis. The capacity of local community to fully respond to flooding situation can be enhanced by strengthening Disaster risk reduction strategies and law enforcement. This includes supporting the establishment of disaster risk reduction at all levels, empowering the community on environment conservation and proper land use practices. Building the capacity of DRMOs for effective early warning and alert systems is crucial.

The International development actors might support the community by supporting developmental activities such as supporting the local government in building of bridges that can with stand water with high pressures, support construction of water harvesting systems such as dams to store water for use during drought seasons. Supporting the government efforts in awareness creation and enforcement of soil conservation activities and strengthening disaster risk reduction structures is very demanding.

22

Another capacity gap was on proper data management across all sectors in the visited woreda. There was documentation problem of secondary data and access to this was very tough.

No Sector Impacts/gaps Recommendations 1 Food ✓ Loss of Meher crops and expected ✓ Emergency food support to loss of yield for those currently on those affected HHs. farm. ✓ Provision of supplementary ✓ Lack of green harvest of maize foods for under-five, pregnant due to the flood and water logging and lactating mothers. which resulted in critical food insecurity for several households ✓ Reported increase of malnutrition due to food insecurity and inconsistent TSF supplies 2 Agriculture ✓ Loss of product, agricultural ✓ Provision of short maturity seeds materials and farming land. like potato, sweet potato and ✓ Need of replacing the existing chickpeas is urgently needed crops on the farmland. ✓ Agricultural material support for ✓ Shortage of agricultural tools like affected households shovel, digino, axes and others. ✓ Need for support with ✓ IDPs have no livelihood activity. agricultural inputs ✓ Looking the option of irrigation and the opportunity of the wet moisture ✓ Purchase and distribution of agricultural materials 3 Shelter NFI ✓ Significant damages to houses - ✓ Support with shelter repairs or partial or total reconstruction ✓ Household utensil, bedding and ✓ Distribution of household utensil other materials were lost. and ESNFIs 4 Infrastructure ✓ Many damages to roads within the ✓ Maintenance of roads and bridge /Roads woredas, between the woredas and in order to reach many woredas between woredas and the zone and kebeles to reduce cost of capital. This is adversely affecting food items and reach health the humanitarian operations. facilities for supportive ✓ Inaccessibility of many woredas supervision. and kebeles ✓ Road and bridge ✓ Increased cost of many food and rehabilitation/construction is consumable items due to crucial for humanitarian responses. Thus, government

23

decreased supply of cereals and development partners to coming from other areas. priority this intervention as soon ✓ Inaccessibility of health facilities, as possible. schools etc ✓ 5 WASH ✓ Access to water lost in some areas ✓ Rehabilitation of water schemes due to damages to pipelines ✓ Provision of WASH NFIs and ✓ Drinking water quality lost Hygiene kits following leakage of pipes and ✓ Water treatment chemicals flood to the springs should be availed for woreda ✓ damage to many water schemes water utility sectors so that safe ✓ Sanitation issues due to the flood water is possible in flood and swamp areas of water logging affected areas to prevent ✓ Lack of sanitation facility- there is prevalence of water borne no communal latrine, and most of diseases. HHs has no clean and safe latrine ✓ Constriction of emergency hence they are practicing open defecation communal latrines ✓ 6 Education ✓ partial and complete damage of ✓ Repairing school rooms and Schools or school classrooms replacement teaching material. ✓ Compromised families capacity to ✓ Support with school materials buy scholastic materials for their with priority to those in children displacement ✓ Shortage of classes will occur ✓ Support of educational materials. while schools are opened due to ✓ Construction of additional limitation of number of students classes and WASH facilities. in response to COVID-19. ✓ Provision of Infection ✓ Damaged school WASH facility prevention materials like mask, (water, gender segregated latrines, sanitizer, soap, Water tankers hand wash facility). Construction of additional classes ✓ School feeding program to students from the affected HHs

24

7 Health and ✓ Access constraints to many health ✓ Strengthening of screening Nutrition facilities due to road damages activity by increasing coverage compromised nutrition and quality. interventions. ✓ Provision of CSB ++ for MAM ✓ Lack of TSF supplies for MAM cases cases ✓ Increased incidence and risk of ✓ Strengthening prevention and communicable disease treatment of communicable ✓ High risk of malaria in areas with disease by providing drugs and stagnant water and huge water creating awareness. logging ✓ Mobile health and nutrition ✓ Lack of medicals equipment and service drugs among health post and ✓ Provision of emergency, essential health centers. drugs and medical equipment. ✓ Emergency, essential drugs and ✓ Capacity building for health medical equipment are needed for extension workers and health the prevention of any outbreak workers. like malaria and diarrheal diseases ✓ Distribution of ITNs which are suspected to occur ✓ ✓ Water born disease due to water quality as many of the water pipes were burst impure in linkages 8 Protection ✓ Increased risks of GBV and CP ✓ Strengthening protection during displacement interventions ✓ Lack of basic needs leading to ✓ Provision of mental and psychosocial stress psychosocial therapies ✓ Increased migration, family ✓ Strengthening social protection separation and child labour systems ✓ ✓ put in place strong preparedness, ✓ prevention and protection mechanism ✓ Provision of unconditional cash responses ✓ Safe living environment for IDPs ✓ 9 Livestock ✓ Grazing lands for livestock is lost ✓ Provision of drug and vaccine Health by flood or water logging ✓ Distribution of food for ✓ Increased susceptibility of livestock. livestock’s disease due to the cold weather 10 IDPs ✓ Diminished daily labour demands ✓ Continuous food distribution affecting the livelihood of some of and other humanitarian aid the IDPs

25

✓ Inconsistent and interruption of ✓ Income Gerating Activity food response due to support. infrastructure damages ✓ No Income Generating activities 11 Livelihood ✓ Lack of daily labor opportunity ✓ IGA or livestock restocking for ✓ Increased labour migration those who lost their permanent assets due to flood or landslide

6.1 Assessment Team

Organizatio Ser.no Name n Telephone no. Email Zenebech 1 Bekele WFP 911462439 [email protected] Muna 2 Shemsu IOM 912971176 [email protected] Zekarias 3 Fekade GOAL ETHIOPIA 925306574 [email protected] Aliyi Mohamme 4 d ZDRMO 934984594 [email protected] Jemal Mohamme 5 d ZWEB 920920946 [email protected] Ketema 6 Girma ZADB 913729597 [email protected] Mulat 7 Siyum ZDRM 948610615 [email protected] Henok 8 Mekonnen WVE 923031107 [email protected] Iskedar 9 Tereche ZOA 934856932 [email protected] Gemechu 10 Taye LWF 900661779 [email protected] Endale Zone water 091520916 11 Sileshi Office 1 Tadesse 025666084 12 Assefa Agriculture 8 Henock hmgeberamelak@InternationalMedicalCorps.

13 Milliyon IMC 912893482 org

26

Alemu 14 Negera ZDRM 913302871 [email protected] Tesfaye

15 Tolera WHO 960403651 [email protected] Abel

16 Taddese HCS 924208412 [email protected] Israel Zone

17 Wakene Agriculture 915130939 [email protected] Hamdi Mohamme 18 d ZDRM 905489900 [email protected] Teffera 19 Eshete ZDRMO 911839908 [email protected] Zerihun 20 Tolcha Zone Water 911944945 Jemila Mohamme 21 d CARE 911596070 [email protected] 22 Ibsa Ahmed AAH 915030343 [email protected] 23 Roba Sani UNICEF 911559859 [email protected] Yoseph 24 Kanaa UNOCHA 911698989 [email protected]

6.2 Requested Needs From Some Woredas

Kersa

S.No Most Critical Needs UOM Quantity 1 Food Consumption Patterns a Wheat Flour Kun. 6,612.3 Per Months for 6 Months b Oil Kun. 220.41 Per Month for 6 Months C Lentil Kun. 661.23 Per Month for 6 Months 2 Agriculture Needs a Seed for Coming Irrigation b Onion Kun 1 c Sweet Potatoes Kun 100 d Potatoes Kun 350 e Tomatoes Kun 1 f Cabbage Kun 1 g Carrot Kun 1 h Other Irrigation Seed Kun 3

27

3 WASH Needs a Aqua tab (strips) Strip 3585,60 b Water purification (P&G) Sachet 2.988,000 C Bishaan Gaarii Sachet 1,783,350 d Wuha agar(Water guard) Bottle 18,297 e Chlorine (HTH 70%) kg 120 4 Education Needs Text Books and Stationary for a # of Children 21,853 Children Providing Sanitation and adequate b # of School 12 WASH Facilities in school

Kersa Woreda

Amou HHD Land Seed Date of Date of S.No Variety nt size type Male Female supply snowing Kun hek Kun 100, 1- 10/2/2013 15/3/2013 1 Maize BH 661 500 3,300 700 2,000 Kun 400, 15- 15/6.2013 25/7/2013 Kun 50, 1- 10/2/2013 15/3/2013 Har Kun 100, 15- 2 Wheat 300 710 90 300 1685/Obolicho 15/6/2013 25/7/2013 Kun 150, 1- 1- 15/10/2013 15/11/2013 Chick 25- 3 Desi (brown) 700 6,200 800 700 15-25/1/2013 pea 15/2/2013 10,000 Sweet Reddish 15- 4 cuttin 100 100 10/2/2013 potato (Garnet) 25/2/2013 g 15- 5 Potato Gudane / tulma 1,000 412 88 50 10/2/2013 25/2/2013 red and 15- 6 Onion 500 kg 550 100 100 10/2/2013 siven/kalafo 25/2/2013

28

Meta Woreda

Seed Date of Total Land Seed Date of S.no request with Seed Variety HHD NO seed Seed Size(hek) Amount sowing Type supplied cost Bubu, Sep. 25, 1 Potato 577.75 4,622 12,710.5 Dec. 1,2013 982,175 Guddane 2013 Malkase 2 345 2,760 86.25 Dec. 1,2013 Nov. 1/2013 March 2 Maize Bh-661 760 6,080 190 April 1, 2013 1,2013 0 0 0 0 0 Adama Red, Sep. 25, 3 Onion Holland, 56 1792 2.24 Dec. 1,2013 2013 Bomb-red June 1, 4 Wheat Qaqaba 765 6120 July 1,2013 2013 1252 (in June 1, Avocado 6 313 July 1,2013 Number) 2013 1000(in June 1, Apple 2 250 July 1,2013 Number) 2013 Fruit 650(in June 1, 5 Apple Mango 3 216 July 1,2013 seedling Number) 2013 800 (in June 1, Pappaya 0.5 200 July 1,2013 Number) 2013 500(in June 1, Banana 0.5 125 July 1,2013 Number) 2013 March 6 Coffe Moka 208 3328 0.85 April 1, 2013 1,2013 Total 2723.75 25806

Emergency seed Requirement for the affected households seed type Unit M/Belo G/Gutu Deder Total Onion Qty, kg 350 452 350 1,152 Area ha 100 132 100 332 Cost, ETB 350,000 452,000 350,000 1,152,000 cabbage Qty, kg 15 132 15 162 Area ha 30 240 30 300 Cost, ETB 11250 99000 11250 121,500 Tomato Qty, kg 150 75 50 275 Area ha 300 150 100 550 Cost, ETB 375000 187500 125,000 687,500 GARLIC Qty, kg 120 120 120 360 Area ha 15 15 15 45 Cost, ETB 300,000 300,000 300,000 900,000 potato Qty, kg 2718 1800 2718 7236 Area ha 150 100 150 400 Cost, ETB 5436000 3600000 5436000 14472000 pepper Qty, kg 10 10 15 35

29

Area ha 10 10 7.5 27.5 Cost, ETB 12300 12300 18450 43050 Total Qty kg 3363 2457 3253 9073 Area ha 605 647 402.5 1,654.5 Cost, ETB 6,473,300 4,551,800 6,229,450 17,376,050

6.3 Breakdown of Priority Needs of Some Woredas

1. Haromaya Woreda No Sector Gaps Recommendations 1 WASH ✓ Damage on water supply schemes. ➢ Maintenance and re- ✓ IDPs has no access to WASH NFIs construction of 2 hand pump (jerry can, washing basin, bucket, and water supply schemes (Total water treatment chemicals), Hygiene estimated price of ETB 60,000) kits. ➢ Distribution of water treatment chemicals- aqua tab, bishan gari. ➢ Provision of WASH NFIs, Hygiene kits 2 Health ✓ Lack of medicals equipment and drugs ➢ Mobile health and nutrition among health post and health centers. service ✓ Emergency, essential drugs and medical ➢ Provision of emergency, equipment are needed for the prevention essential drugs and medical of any outbreak like malaria and equipment. diarrheal diseases which are suspected to ➢ Capacity building for health occur. extension workers and health workers. 3 Agriculture ✓ There is high demand of seeds of 779900 ✓ Urgent support of seed and Kg to be re-planted on a total of 11,300 (cabbage of 55 kg, Potatoe hectar for a total of 33,990 households. 4500 kg, Onain of 110 kg, livelihood ✓ Shortage of food for live-stokes. Carrot of 100 Kg, Beet root of ✓ However, partners are asking to 75 Kg, Baro of 72 Kg, Boloqe of construct home for IDPs the woreda 1450 kg, Maize of 200 kg). have not provided land.

30

4 Education ✓ Damage of a total of 15 classes at ✓ Rehabilitation school classes different schools. (Total estimated price of ETB ✓ Shortage of classes will occur while 900,000). schools are opened due to limitation of ✓ Construction of additional classes number of students in response to ✓ School feeding program COVID-19. ✓ Damaged school WASH facility (water, gender segregated latrines, hand wash facility).

31

2. Kombolcha woreda

No Sector Gaps Recommendations 1 WASH ✓ Damage on water supply schemes in 10 ➢ Maintenance and re- kebeles in Kombolcha woreda wich construction of 7 hand pump were supplying for 1076 HHs. water supply schemes at 7 ✓ Lack of sanitation facility- there is no kebeles (Total estimated price communal latrine, and most of HHs has of ETB 420,000) no clean and safe latrine hence they are ➢ Rehabilitation of damaged 3 practicing open defecation. hand pump water supply ✓ IDPs have no access to WASH NFIs scheme at 3 kebeles (Total (jerry can, washing basin, bucket, and estimated price of ETB water treatment chemicals), Hygiene 120,000). kits. ➢ Distribution of water treatment chemicals- aqua tab, bishan gari. ➢ Constriction of emergency communal laterines. ➢ Provision of WASH NFIs, Hygiene kits. 2 Health ✓ Health facilities damaged ✓ Rehabilitation and ✓ No malnutrition screening service at the reconstruction of damaged site of IDPs for under five and PLW. health facilities.

3 Agriculture ✓ There is high demand of seeds of ✓ Urgent support of seed and 79,370.1 kg in 10 kebeles to be re- (cabbage of 548.6 kg, Beet planted on a total of 4054.5 hectar for a root of 11325 Kg, Chickpea of livelihood total of 10,061 households. 18600 kg, carrot of 2592 Kg, ✓ IDPs has no livelihood activity, Onion of 2458 Kg, Baro of ✓ Shortage of food for live-stokes. 796.5 Kg, Boloqe of 25600 kg, Maize of 177500 kg). 4 Education ✓ Damage of a total of 9 classes at 3 ✓ Rehabilitation school classes different schools. (Total estimated price of ETB ✓ Shortage of classes will occur while 2,900,000). schools are opened due to limitation of ✓ Construction of additional classes.

32

number of students in response to ✓ Provision of educational COVID-19. equipment for students and the ✓ Damage on school facility, school school. furniture and other items. ✓ School feeding program ✓ Damage school WASH facility (water, gender segregated latrines, hand wash facility).

3. Jarso woreda No Sector Gaps Recommendations 1 WASH ✓ Damage on water supply schemes. ➢ Maintenance and re-construction ✓ IDPshas no access to WASH NFIs of 2 motorized spring water (jerry can, washing basin, bucket, and supply schemes (Total estimated water treatment chemicals), Hygiene price of ETB 251,350). kits. ➢ Maintenance of one spring on spot scheme (Total estimated price of ETB 44,200). ➢ Provision of WASH NFIs, Hygiene kits. 2 Health ✓ Need of emergency SFP for 16,728 ➢ Urgent support of 8720 Crton under five children and 3,870 PLWs RUSP and 70603 Kg CSB++. affected by moderate acute Sustainable support of SFP in malnutrition in 12 kebeles. recommended. ✓ No sustainable support of SFP. ➢ Rehabilitation and reconstruction ✓ Four Health facilities damaged of the four damaged health facilities (Total estimated price of ETB 72,017,800). ➢ Provision of emergency, essential drugs and medical equipment. 3 Agriculture ✓ There is high demand of seeds of ✓ Urgent support of seed (cabbage and 779,900 Kg to be re-planted on a total of 500 kg, Potatoe 70000 kg, of 11,300 hectar for a total of 33,990 Onain of 2000 kg, Carrot of 25 livelihood households. Kg, Beet root of 30 Kg, Tomatoe of 25 Kg.

33

✓ Shortage of agricultural tools like ✓ Purchase and distribution of shovel, digino, axes and others. agricultural materials(Total ✓ IDPs have no livelihood activity. estimated price of ETB 434,000).

4 Education ✓ Shortage of educational materials will ✓ Support of educational materials. occur. ✓ Construction of additional ✓ Shortage of classes will occur while classes and WASH acilities. schools are opened due to limitation ✓ Provision of Infection prevention of number of students in response to materials like mask, sanitizer, COVID-19. soap, Water tankers. ✓ Damaged school WASH facility (water, gender segregated latrines, hand wash facility).

6.4 Estimated Property Damages by Woreda

S.No Woreda Item Damage Quantity Estimated Total Price Birr Cent 1 Kombolcha House damage 30 472,112

Livestock death 0 0 Agricultural 442 kuntal 800,000 Production/Food items Household property 945 1,480,930 damage/Non-food items Total 2 Jarso House damage 52 2,297,200 Livestock death 29 78,000 Agricultural 3,250 kuntal 1,432,500 Production/Food items House hold property 730 1,144,000 damage/Non-food items Total 10,181,400 3 Haromaya House damage 150 2,360,560 Livestock death 5 35,000

34

water pump 2 60,000 House hold property 2,855 4,475,000 damage/non-food items Total 22,063,660

Woreda Houses damaged Totally unit cost total cost Partially unit cost total cost damaged damage Deder 192 50,000 9,600,000 276 35,000 9,660,000 Goro Gutu 52 50,000 2,600,000 209 35,000 7,315,000

Melka Belo 133 50,000 6,650,000 149 35,000 5,215,000

Woreda Deder Goro Gutu Melka Belo Wash scheme 7 9 5 unit cost 300,000 300,000.00 300,000 total cost 2,100,000.00 2,700,000.00 1,500,000.00 Motor house 3 unit cost 260,000 total cost 780,000 pump 3 3 unit cost 400,000.00 800,000.00 total cost 1,200,000.00 2,400,000.00 Generators 3 4 unit cost 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 total cost 4,800,000.00 6,000,000.00 Pipeline 2 3 unit cost 60,000,00 60,000.00 total cost 120,000.00 180,000.00

35

Bedeno infrastructure damage

Infrastructural Damage Road km 55.5 45 Million Bridge 4 Water Scheme 6 200, 000 ETB Hand pamp 15 School 45 1490000 ETB Health Post 3 900000 ETB FTC 0 Pole Electricity 2

Kurfa Challe need and estimated cost

S/ Description of Qunti Stimated N Sector item Unit tiy cost Remark Pipe with Numb for 10 kebeles Total populasion 1 Wash fitting er 143 285,000 serve 23,960 2 helth RDT Box 50 31,500 Coartem Box 20 6000 Primaquine Pack 10 7000 Chloroquine Box 20 2000 Chloroquine syrup Bottle 100 600 Artesunate Ampul 100 5000 Quinin Box 10 9000 Numb 10,00 ITN (Agober) er 0 200,000 Strile glove Box 50 5000 Non stril glove Box 50 5000 Alcohol 96% Botle 250 6250 Alcohol 70% Botle 350 10,500 Berekina Botle 99 4950 Face mask pack 200 10,000 Paracitamol 100mg Tin 2 300 Laundary soap Box 10 8,000 Total 311,100 36

Educati Constrauct # of No stimation on room room 9 cost Food for student Oil Agricult 250 uer Chickpea Kun 250 he 276 Potato Kun 5,000 he 500 Maize Kun 85 he 15,00 Sweet potato cating 0 200 Onion Kg 50 he 100 Tomato Kg 25 he 100 Cabbage Kg 25 he

37

6.5 Some photos

Figure 10 partially damaged school in Wayuu kebele of Melka Belo woreda

Bedeno woreda flood damage to maize

38

road damage challenged to drive, stopped at some point and continued on foot but one team member got his shoe cut by the stone!

39

Gully formed by the flood

Flooded area, Addele-Kersa woreda

40