Knox County Public Library, Final Performance Report for Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) Title VI, Library Literacy Program

DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 415 901 IR 056 872

AUTHOR Cochran, Stephen TITLE Knox County Public Library, Final Performance Report for Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) Title VI, Library Literacy Program. INSTITUTION Knox County Public Library, Vincennes, IN. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. Office of Library Programs. PUB DATE 1993-00-00 NOTE 31p. CONTRACT R167A20079 PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adult Basic Education; *Adult Learning; *Adult Literacy; Adult Students; Computer Assisted Instruction; Educational Cooperation; Educational Technology; Federal Programs; Grants; Library Collection Development; Library Role; Library Services; *Literacy Education; Public Libraries; Publicity; Rural Areas; Tutoring; Tutors; User Needs (Information); Volunteer Training; Volunteers IDENTIFIERS Library Services and Construction Act; Tutor Training

ABSTRACT This final performance report provides project outcome information and data to the U.S. Department of Education for the federally-funded Library Literacy Program. The Knox County Literacy Program, Inc., a project of the Knox County Public Library (Vincennes, Indiana), involved recruitment, coalition building, public awareness, training, rural oriented, basic literacy, collection development, tutoring, computer assisted, and other technology programs. The program served a community of 25,000-50,000 people, and was open to anyone who requested assistance. Tutoring was done one-on-one and in small groups, using the Laubach, Literacy Volunteers of America (LVA), and Discover Intensive Phonics methods. The program served 60 adult learners, and provided 1,239 hours of direct tutoring. The report describes activities from October 1992-September 1993 and provides: a comparison of actual accomplishments to goals and objectives set forth in the grant application; a comparison between proposed and actual expenditures; specific details of activities undertaken; the role the library played in the accomplishment of the goals and objectives; agencies and organizations that assisted in the project; and the impact of the federal project on the ongoing program of the library. Appendices include an explanation of the use of unspent grant money; tutoring sites; tutor and learner report including tutor hours by month; newspaper articles and publicity; and a program brochure.(SWC)

******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Knox County Public Library, Final Performance Report for Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) Title VI, Library Literacy Program

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality.

Points of view or opinions stated in this 2 document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. -TR.

Library Services and ConstructionAct Title VI Final Performance Report Part I.

1. Name and address of organizationsreceiving grant:

Knox County Literacy Program,Inc. 509 N. 7th St., Vincennes, IN47591 Knox County Public Library 502 N. 7th St., Vincennes, IN 47591

2. Name and telephone ofperson preparing this report:

Stephen Cochran : 812-886-0870. 3. Grant Number: R167A20079

4. Grant amount awarded: $28,145.00 Amount actually expended: $28,145.00 Part II.

1. 25,000-50,000.

2. Recruitment, Coalition Building,Public Awareness, Training, Rural Oriented, BasicLiteracy, Collection Development, Tutoring, ComputerAssisted, Other Technology.

3. Other: While our studentpopulation is comprised ofmany of the specific populationsmentioned in the body of this question, we did not targetany specific population, maintaining that our programwas open to anyone who requested assistance.

4. Laubach, LVA, Discover IntensivePhonics: a series of programs on tape and computer that is basedon learning the 42 sounds of the alphabet, the 5phonetic skills, and the dividing of words into their constituentparts. 5. One-on-one; smallgroup instruction. 6(a). Yes. KCLP kept record of studentprogress through the use of Laubach materials. Each book level completed withfinal check-up administered isan indicator of student progress with Skill Book levels 1-4,approximating grade equivalency reading ability. 6(b). Yes. 3 Personal statements, oral and written, from learnersand tutors to Coordinator indicated learner progress in terms of ability to pursue and master new tasks (job related,life skills, enrolling in Technical College, entering and receiving "honorable mention" in New Readeressay contest, letters of perceived progress from ESL students), accomplishment of learners goals;can read books to grandchildren, participating in Sunday School classes,raise in pay on job, and so forth.

7. A sample evaluation report produced monthly foruse by the Advisory Board, a recruitment brochure, and copiesof newspaper articles promoting our fund raising event-- the Cargill Literacy Quiz Bowl (see Question 8, and PartIII, Section 5, below)-- are attached as Appendix C.

8. During the course of this project: Howmany adult learners were served? (i.e., individuals who made use of the library's literacy project services in some way) 60 Of those served, how many received direct tutoring service? 50 How many hours of direct tutoring did they receive? 1239 How many new volunteer tutors were trained? 26 How many current volunteer tutors received additional training? 24 How many tutors (total) were involved? 58 How many non-tutor volunteers were recruited? 97 How many service hours were provided bynon- tutors? 1000+* How many librarians were oriented to literacy methods, materials, and students? All four professional librarians and all clerical staff How many trainers of tutors were trained? 0 * This grant period included the program's first and only attempt at a major public fundraising event-- the Cargill Literacy Quiz Bowl. A total of 97 non-tutor volunteers (by our best count) and at least 24 businesses, service clubs,or other community organizations, volunteered their time in every phase of the planning, publicity, and execution of this event. Because of the enthusiasm and community good will this event generated, the Literacy Program intends to make itan annual event. Pan III.

1. The Operation, Design, and Plan of Management of theprogram as stated in the grant progressed as described, with the exception of Laubach Tutor Training.which was not conducted by the Coordinator, but contracted for the October '92- September '93 grant period.

You can see, illustrated by Figure 1., the growth of theprogram to statisfy Goal *1. The fact that the specific number of 50 tutors matched with 50learners, mentioned in Objective #1, is not illustrated by these charts onlyserves to underscore the fact that these figures involve people, not simply numbers, and thatthe true number of tutOr/learner pairs in constatnly fluctuating, forreasons that have nothing to do with the effectiveness of the Literacy Program.

Several new readers obtained library cardsas a result of library orientation and became regular library patrons, in keeping with Goal *2, Objective*1. Additionally, tutors were able to assist new readers to make use of library materialsas a result of the library orientation they received.

The purchase of a great deal of A/V materials appropriateto new readers (see Part HI, Section 3, below) precipitated the development ofa New Reader section in the library's A/V department, in keeping with Goal *2, Objective *2.

As regards Goal *2, Objective *3, the Literacy Program hasnot yet purchased tape players specifically for learners to borrow from the library, mostlyas the result of a simple oversight; however, the library already has audiotape players with headsets available for use in the library, and is planningon purchasing these players for the Literacy Program in the very near future. The monies thatwould have purchased these tape players were used to purchase the Discover Intensive Phonicscomputer software and accompanying audio tapes and worksheets (see PartIII, Section 2, below).

In keeping with Goal *3, both learners andtutors are quite happy with the environment established by the Literacy Program.Designated office hours, as per Goal 93, Objective #1, worked out well; havingone day per week with evening hours was especially appreciated by learners who worked.

Tutor support meetings were held monthly,as per Goal *3, Objective *2, except during the summer months, when many peoplewere gone. There was some tutor dissatisfaction expressed at this summertimelapse in meetings, so it will not be repeated in the future, and tutor support meetings willbe held monthly without exception. New Readers Discussion Group formationwas attempted several times, in keeping with Goal *3, Objective *3, but has not yet been successfullycompleted. Some new readers complained that others were either too far aheador too far behind in abilities for them to feel comfortable with one another. I feel, basedon personal conversations with many new readers, that the truth is that it is difficult to establisha successful New Readers Group because illiteracy is each individual's closelyheld secret. The prospect of attending a meeting at whichsome of their friends might find out that they cannot read is, quite frankly, extremely disquietingto new readers. Consequently, as I speak with new readers, I ask them each to "draw.theirown line in the sand." That is, I suggest that they set a learning goal, beyond which they willgo publicinitially with other new readers, and eventually with the larger publicwith their endeavor to upgrade their reading skills, and I suggest to them thatby doing so they can become a very positive role model for other adult nonreaders; as oftenas not new readers are suprised at the suggestion, so unused are they to thinking ofthemselves as "models" of any sort. As you may guess, I am learning that such new readersgroups cannot be "formed," but must be nurtured.

Recognition dinners have not be held to date; it has been decidedthat the purpose of Goal *3, Objective *4to recognize outstanding learners and tutorscan just as effectively be accomplished by combiningan awards presentation ceremony with the upcoming "Second Cargill Literacy Quiz Bowl" (see noteto Part II, Question 8, above).

In keeping with Goal *4, the Knox County Literacy Programcooperated closely with the Adult Basic Education program of Vincennes University, theEmployment and Training

Center of Knox County, the Knox County Department of PublicWelfare, Wabash Vally

Human Services, The Knox County Association for RetardedCitizens, and the Small

7 Business and Industry Center in Vincennes. These agencies provideus with referrals, and we refer learners whomay need specific services they offer to them.

The role played by the Literacy Program's Advisory Board, whichis comprised of individuals from some of the above-named agencies, is ina sort of limbo at the present time, insofar as the function they formerly provided has beenpretty much taken over by the Literacy Coordinator. The bylaws of the LiteracyProgram are undergoing revision at the present time to reflect thenewprimarily networking, publicity, and logistical supportfunctions this board now has. Nevertheless, the board's roleis largely in keeping with Goal *4, Objective 9.

2. Outlined below are line-by-line comparisons of budgetedand actual expenditures for the grant period. A discussion of discrepancies follows thefigures. 111

Over Budget Area Budgeted Actual (Under)

Salaries and Fringe Benefits

Literacy Coordinator's Salary 16,900.00 11,434.00 (5,465.66)

Bookkeeper's salary 1,217.00 1,025.86 (191.14)

Social Security* 1,386.00 3,241.36 3,855.36

Workman's Compensation 150.00 -0- (150.00)

Literacy Tutor Trained -0- 1,665.00 1,665.00

SUBTTL: Salaries & Fringe Benefits: 19,653.00 19,366.56 (286.44)

8 Supplies

Three recorders to loan to readers 260.00 -0- (260.00)

Three headphones for recorders 72.00 -0- ( 72.00)

Stationary and Envelopes 100.00 99.08 ( .92)

Mailing Labels 50.00 5.85 ( 44.15)

Duplicating Supplies 300.00 38.90 ( 261.10)

SUBTTL: Supplies: 782.00 143.83 (638.17) Library Materials

Laubach Tutor Training Manuals 1250.00 619.62 (630.38) (50 pkg. @ $25.00/ea.)

Materials for learners and tutors 4,000.00 5,853.18 1853.18 (4 sets @ $80.00/pair, 50 pairs)

Supplementary materials for 300.00 1,321.91 1021.94 tutors and learners

Supplies for 3 tutor training 60.00 106.39 46.39 workshops

SUBTTL: Library Materials: 5,610.00 7,901.13 2291.13 Other

Postage 100.00 57.50 ( 42.50)

Printing of brochures, flyers, etc. 1,500.00 54.00 ( 1,446.00)

Local travel for Literacy 500.00 621.98 121.98 Coodinator

SUBTTL:Other: 2,100.00 733.48 ( 1,366.52)

TOTALS: 28,145.00 28,145.00 -0- * Actual Social Security figures given include money paid for Federal and Statetax withholdings for both the Literacy Coordinator and Bookkeeper. Had they been separated out and addedonto the net salary figures for both the Literacy Coordinator and the Bookkeeper, the resulting Subtotal for

Salaries and Fringe Benefits would have remained the same.

1' As mentioned in Part 111, Section 1, Laubach Tutor Training was not conducted by the Literacy

Coordinator, but instead was contracted out for the 1992-1993 grant period.

Discussion:During the month of September 1993, the Literacy Coordinator during this grant period, Ms. Tracy Phillips, along with bookkeeper Violet Chesser,examined expenditures of the current grant, and found that several dollarswere left in allocated categories such as Supplies, Postage, and Printing. Thiswas called to the attention of Library Director, Ms. Emily Bunyan, who recommended discussing thesituation with Ms. Barbara Humes at the Department of Education.

Ms. Phillips and Ms. Humes spoke at length about the possibilities ofusing this money to expand library reference materials for use by the program's tutors. Also discussed was the purchase of interactive computer software, called Discover Intensive Phonics for Yourself (published by HEC Software, a subsidiary of HEC Reading Horizonsin Bountiful, Utah), which included manuals and instructional materials fortutors, and the possibility of paying a $187.00 fee for a symposiumon adult literacy held in Vincennes, which several of our program's tutors attended. Ms. Humes approved use of themoney for library materials and for the computer software and accompanying instructional materials.She did no: approve usinggrant money for the symposium. Additionally, she instructed Ms. Phillipsto write an explanation of the transfer ofmoney within the categories already established categories, illustrating how this change benefited theprogram during the grant period. A copy of this explanation comprises Appendix A.

3. In addition to the Laubach Way to Reading series of SkillBooks and Teachers Manuals which form the nucleus of the work done byour tutor/learner pairs, the library acquired a range of supplementary materials written specificallyto various Skill Book and Lesson levels from New Readers Press in Syracuse, NewYork; Learning Directions (a-division of Steck-Vaughn) in Austin, Texas;and Essential Learning Products in Columbus, Ohio. These materials include the Timeless TalesSeries and the Sports Series. comprising a total of eleven books with accompanying audiotapes, from New Readers Press; the Prime Time series of books with accompanyingtapes covering Foreign Lands, Science and Nature, and Different Cultures, fromEssential Learning Products; and the Amnesty and Speaking of Pictures seriesof ESL materials from Steck-Vaughn. Additionally, the program begana subscription to News i You, a weekly newspaper from New Readers Press, which isnow kept with the with the library's other newspaper subscriptions on a wooden stick and rack systemcommon to smaller public libraries.

Tutor training, as mentioned in Part III, Sections 1 and 2,was contracted out to Ms.

Marlis Day, Literacy Coordinator of Pike County [Indiana] AdultEducation. She conducted three different tutor training workshops, in November of 1992,and in February and May of 1993, and certified a total of twenty-threenew tutors. Literacy Coordinator during this grant period, Ms. Tracy Phillips,arranged publicity for

11 recruitment of prospective tutors, prepared materials and folders, helpedarrange the room in which the training was conducted, and attended the final session for each workshop, scheduling personal interviews with eachnew tutor, explaining offices hours, monthly tutor support meetings, matching procedures, sites availableto learner and tutor to meet for their study sessions, administrative forms, andsupplementary materials available (including computer-assisted programs). During thepersonal interview with the new tutor she answeredany questions they might have had, demonstratedthe use of computer-assistedprograms, oriented them to library materials for new readers, and facilitated their initial meeting withthe learner with which they had been matched. She explained her availability andwillingness to help should any problems arise, and described otherways tutors could help with the program.

4. It is fair to say that without the presence of the Knox CountyPublic Library this program could not and would not have become the community endeavor that it has. The

Knox County Literacy Program promotes the Libraryas a place where reading and learning are lifelong endeavors, and the Library hasbecome a focal point for reading at every point on the spectrum from "learning to read"to "reading to learn."

The role the library has played in the development andimplementation of the Knox County Literacy Program is critical to the program'scontinued success. Not only has the library provided the program withan up-and-running infrastructure, including a professional, friendly, and understanding library staffwho know the library and its materials well, attractively furnished and comfortable office andtutoring spaces, and bookkeeping and accounting expertise, it has also conferredupon the program a degree of legitimacy, and important connections to the largerCounty network of "thinkers and doers," than the program could have gainedon its own It has done this largely through the personal efforts,concern, and influence of library Director, Ms. Emily Bunyan.

5. We received a generous gift of $2000.00 from the Vincennes RotaryClub when the Literacy Program was first formed in 1991, and receivedanother substantial gift from the Rotary for the purchase of a Personal Computer.

Cargill, Inc. sponsored a major, first time fund raisingevent the Cargill Literacy Quiz Bowlfor the Literacy Program in January of 1993 andunderwrote much of the cost of printing, publicity and prizes. The event itself brought theLiteracy Program into contact with many area businesses, civic and social service organizations,and individuals, each of whomgave generously of both their time and money.

For example, twelve teams participated in the Quiz Bowl,paying an $80.00 per team registration fee ($80.00 being the cost tous of purchasing the complete four-level Laubach Way To Reading materials fora single tutor/learner pair). Each team was sponsored by an area business or civic, educational,or religious organization. To try and provide an example of the diversity ofcommunity involvement: one team was sponsored by Vincennes' dailynewspaper, the Sun-Commercial; another by a local group of high school's teachers; another by the First Church of Christ; anotherby the Rotary Club; and another by a localauto body repair business.

Local radio stations, public television stations, andpublic access cable companies have all provided us with free air time. Thebroadcast media department at Vincennes University routinely assigns studentsto the Literacy Program to make Public Service Announcements about the Literacy Program, which then airon the local public television station, as a part of their coursework.

13 Many other agencies and organizations are recruited to volunteertheir services for the Literacy Program. We offer referrals to, and receive referralsfrom, the Adult Basic Education program at Vincennes University, and the Director of the V.U. A.B.E.program serves on the Advisory Board of the Knox County Literacy Program.

6. Only one other library, the Bicknell-Vigo Township Public Library in Bicknell,

Indiana, located about 22 miles from Vincennes, provideda conference room that could be used for tutoring purposes by appointment. However, therewere a number of other sites for tutoring, provided by area churches, hospitals, and utilities.A complete list comprises Appendix B.

7. The continued growth of the Knox County Literacy Programcould not have occurred without the Federal project funding, which allowed both the increasedacquisition of learning materials and the hiring of a paid person tooversee the program's operation. A totally volunteer force needs the direction ofa dedicated professional to provide guidance, cohesion, continuity, organization, ongoing evaluation, andall other aspects of effective business management and administration.

14 APPENDIX September 29, 1993

Explanation. oftransfer of grant to 10/1/93: money for the period10/1/92

During the month of September1993, along with Violet Chesser.I examined book keeper, found that several expenditures ofcurrent grant. We dollars were leftin allocated such as supplies,postage, printing, categories this to the and travel. I called attention ofDirector, Emily; recommended I discuss Bunyan, who with BarbaraHumes. Ms. talked at'lengthabout the Humes and I possibilities.ofutilizing this money to expand librarymaterials to be used materials forour tutors. as reference Also discussedwas the purchase of an interactivecomputer program which includes manualsand instructional materialsfor tutors (DIP possibility of paying program), and the a $187.00 fee for theSpecial Strategy Symposium whichseveral ofour tutors attended. approved use of Ms. Humes the money forlibrary materials computer program-she did not and for DIP approve utilizingmoney for the Special StrategiesSymposium. She instructed explanation oftransfer of me to write an money within theseestablished categories and toillustrate how this program during this change benefitedthe grant period. I instructed the $187.00 feefrom the Violet to pay ordered DIP program money (notgrant money) and computer program for$1.207.00 whichwas a special sale pricewith a savings of the usual cost. I then ordered approximately $500over $1,-209.05 worth oflibrary materials (withinstructions to Violet receive reimbursement to pre-pay in orderto within the correctgrant period). left approximately$100 dollars in This remaining amount the currentgrant. This was then used topay a professional install the DIPprogram on the to literacy office. menu driven computerin the Since I waitedtoo long in discovering utilizing thismoney in the grant, and to document it is next toimpossible benefits derivedduring this grant only say thatthe lesson period. I can me to advise new learned from thisexperience leads coordinator to keepa close handle allocated moniesand to be on be "over-allotted". aware that certaincategoriesmay Continual monitoringof the use monies andcommunication with of grant occurrence. book keeper shouldprevent re-

Tracy R. Phillips

15 APPENDIX B

TUTUROING SITES AVAILABLE TO THE KNOX COUNTY LITERACY PROGRAM

Places Days/Hours CHURCHES

First United Methodist Monday-Friday 411 N. 4th St. 9 a.m.- 4 p.m. VincennesPhone: 882-0742 Rev. R. Michael Reed

Franklin Heights Christian Any Weekday 1509 Franklin 9 a.m.- 4 p.m. Vincennes Phone: 882-4067 Rev. Ronald L. Barnes

Upper Indiana Presbyterian Upon Request Old Bruceville Road Contact Rev. Vincennes Phone: 726-4968 Linda Ricker If tutors and learners would like to meet ina church other than those listed above, phone the church officeand arrange for a mutually agreeable time.

HOSPITAL

Good Samaritan Hospital Conference Rm. F 520 S. 7th Street Call at least 1 Vincennes Phone: 885-3196 week in advance Contact: Laura Vieck to confirm. LIBRARIES

Bicknell-Vigo Twnship Public Library Monday - Friday 119 E. Second St. 10 a.m.- 8 p.m. Bicknell, IN 47512 Conference Room 812-735-3650 By Appointment

Knox County Public Library (Annex) Monday- Saturday 509 N. 7th St. By Appointment Vincennes Phone: 886-4380 Monday - Wed. or 886-4381 8:30 am - 9 pm Thurs.- Sat. 8:30 am -5:30 pm PUBLIC SERVICE

PSI Energy Monday - Thurs. 800 Wheatland Rd. 8 a.m - 9 p.m. Vincennes Phone: 882-4700 Friday 8am - 5pm Contact Ginny Stangle 18 APPENDIX C

KNOX COUNTY LITERACY PROGRAM

TUTOR/LEARNER REPORT

DATE: October 7th, 1993

ACTIVE TUTORS: 36 ACTIVE LEARNERS: 47

Matched 25 Matched 30

Waiting 11 Waiting 17

INACTIVE TUTORS 22 INACTIVE LEARNERS: 13 Temporary 14 (Withdrawn) Withdrawn 8

YEAR-TO-DATE

TOTAL: 58 60

TOTAL MONTH-TO-DATE CONTRIBUTED HOURS: 1255 CURRENT TUTOR/LEARNER MATCHES OCTOBER 7th, 1993

TUTOR LEARNER(S)

1 Alexander, Barbara 1 Mark Evans (a foster son) 2, Anderson, John 2 Lindon Taborn 3 Brouilette, Carol 3 Martha Ervin 4 Bunyan, Emily 5 Burton, Ruth 6 Conklin, Robert 4,5 Ben Hawkins, Imolee Smith 7 Cook, Harry 8 Crouch, Norma 6,7 Henry Peacock, Charles Crouch 9 Daugherty, Phyllis 10 DeLisle, MaryLou 11 Dougherty, Wanda 8 Susan Horvath 12 Eakins, Irene 13 Elliott, Regina 9,10 Tony Wilson, Joe Stout 14 Forbey, Tammy 15 Fountain, Sharyn 11 Julie Leighty 16 Haggard, Jane 12 Yong Cha Twitty 17 Harvey, Barbara 18 Hayes, Barbara 13 Floyd Chamberlain 19 Hazelman, Karen 20 Hency, Brenda 21 Hency, Steve 22 Holscher, Patty 23 Hornback, Martin 24 Ivers, Phoebe 25 Lagemann, Robert 14 Mrs. Kim 26-Like, JoAnn 27 Magruder, Marilyn 28 Mann, Susan 15 James Turner 29 McCabe, Iva Lou 16 Lillian Smith 30 Meier, Dixie 31 Meyer, Francis 17 Jimmie Jones 32 Miller, Judith 18 Jack Kotter 33 Moore, Melissa 19 Betty Ashbaugh 34 Murray, Robin 20 Steve Evans 35 Niehaus, Jane 36 Phillips, Tracy 21,22 Lee Noble/J.L. Wright 37 Prince, Patty 38 Rayburn, Kim 39 Reed, Jacquie 23,24 Sang & Kyong Kim 40 Rish, Rita 25 Joella Smith 41 Ronston, Tricia 42 Scanlin, Ellen 26 Perry Wells 43 Shappard, Catherine 44 Smith, Betty 45 Smith, Paula 27 Frank Woolard 46 Smith, Sandy 47 Smith, Shirley 48 Starnes, Lorene 28 Terri Fifer 49 Still, Jack 50 Still, Joanne 29 Joy Sievers 51 Tewell, Nancy 30 Dave Ellerman 52 Wanninger, Jerianne 53 Werner, Doris 54 West, Sondra 55 Weston, Charlotte 18 56 Wilson, Linda 57 Woods, Cindy LEARNERS PENDING MATCH OCTOBER7th, 1993

LEARNER CONTACT STATUS

1.Ballinger, Kevin No Phone Good Samaritan referral 2.Bilkski, Gary 886-4312 ext.119 KCARC contact: Heckler .3.Bombe, Roberta 735-4984 KCARC- Susan Wolfe referral 4.Cartmeal, Scott 886-6618 KCARC (Bonna) 5.Clary, Roberta Sue 735-3064(RC) Rematch from Sondra West 6.Combs, Thomas 886-6618(RC) Rematch from Jack Still 7.Evans, Steve 882-3714 Rematch-tutor moved (Murray) 8.Fuller, Tania 882-5899 Rematch from Wanda Daugherty 9.Huff, Sharon 882-8292(SE) Rematch from Louise Treadway 10.Huffman, Lee 886-4211(SE) Rematch from Robert Lagemann 11.Humerickhous, Brad 886-4312 Grp Home(Bicknell)Ms.Knightly 12.May, Harry 886-4508 Rematch from Betty R. Smith 13.May, Sara 886-4508 Rematch from Betty R. Smith 14.Schuetter, Jim 886-5959 KCARC- Referral Bonna O'Toole 15.Shideler, Bud 886-0279(RC) Rematch from Regina Elliott 16.Shotts, Dave 618 943-3555 Rematch from Sandy Smith 17.Strain, Larry 886-6618(RC) Rematch from Jack Still

LEARNERS WITHDRAWN

LEARNER TUTOR REASON 20.Collins, Duane Phillips Ref. by Victim's Assistance Migrant Worker - Relocated

21.Campbell, Larry Smith, P. Personal problems- too many no- shows for lessons.

22.Heacock, Matt Smith, S. Too many no-shows. Didn't want to continue.

23.Kim, Hyo Reed Migrant Worker - Relocated

24.Mireles, Ambrosio McCabe Migrant Worker- Relocated

25.Mireles, Tomasa Holsher Migrant Worker- Relocated 26.Moody, Jerry Phillips Moved to Sullivan County 27.Moody, Christine Phillips Moved to Sullivan County 28.Oliver, Robert Phillips Referred to ABE, enrolled ABE 1/93. 29.Roberts, Dan Woods 3/93 Moved- no forwarding

30.Wilson, Tony Elliott Truck driver- couldn't make lessons. 31. Mr. "X" Starnes Friend of a friend; didn'tpan out 32. Fred Couples Louiston Relocated to Ohio. ACTIVE/WAITING TUTOR HOURS DATE:October 1, 1993

TUTOR NAME JAN FEB MARAPR MAY JUNJUL AUG SEPOCT NOV DEC YTD TOTAL 1 Alexander 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 6 2Anderson 13 11 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 34 3Brouilette 5 6 7 610 5 10 6 6 61 4Conklin 16 18 16 1816 12 10 10 18 134 5Cook 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6Crouch 0 26 32 1010 10 0 8 8 104 7Daugherty 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 8Dougherty 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 9Eakins 2 5 1 0 2 0 0 0 10 10Elliott 16 8 2 10 5 6 4 4 6 61 11Fountain 0 12Haggard 4' 4 4 0 4 4 6 5 5 36 13Hayes 0 0 5 7 9 9 7 6 10 53 14Hazelman 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15Holscher 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 15 16Lagemann 20 9 10 15 7 7 7 0 4 79 17Mann 0 18McCabe 0 1016 16 10 0 0 52 19Meier 0 20Meyer 10 12 10 1010 10 10 10 10 92 21Miller 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22Moore 5 5 0 0 2 12 23Murray 10 3 3 4 2 0 22 24Phillips 4 24 12 2828 28 28 30 11 193 25Prince 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26Reed 4 7 6 4 0 2 0 23 27Rish 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 2 8 28- Scanlin 9 9 9 5 9 7 7 6 5 66 29Smith, P. 8 8 5 5 11 7 44 30Starnes 31Still, Jo. 0 0 0 0 5 10 6 6 6 33 32Tewell 18 15 14 6 6 0 0 0 6 65 33Wanninger 0 34Werner 0 35Weston 0 36Wilson 0

MNTH TOTAL 125154134 157162154119106112 1223

INACTIVE/WITHDRAWN TUTOR HOURS

37Bunyan 0 38Burton 0 39DeLisle 0 40Forbey 0 41Harvey 0 42Hency,B 0 43Hency,S 0 44Hornback 0 45Ivers 0 46Like 0 47Magruder 0 48Niehaus 0 49Rayburn 5 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 30 50Ronston 0 51Shappard 0 52Smith, B. 20 0 INACTIVE/WITHDRAWN TUTOR HOURS (CONTINUED)

TUTOR NAME JAN FEB MARAPR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPOCT NOV DEC YTD TOTAL

53 Smith, Sa. 0 54 Smith, Sh. 0 55 Still, Ja. 0 56 West 0 57 Woods 0 58 Young 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2

MNTH TOTAL 5 5 7 5 5 5 0 0 32

GRAND TOTAL 130159141 162167159119 106112 1255 VINCENNES SUN COMMERCIAL January 17, 1993, Sunday Edition First-CaikilrQuitvariety, of area,Twelve organizations (earns representing are a Bowl to . . promoteBowlsupportcompeting isliteracy literacy being in inThea insponsored quizKnox Knox first bowlCounty. Countyannual to Cargill Quiz :::Kno*.Courity PublicEmily Library Cooper Bunyan ?1,4:4,,,T.,,(40?tx,, muni .2 1" us programon-oneCountyand to raise volunteerLiteracy for adults.fundsThe Program, based for contest the literacy aKnox one-begins at 9 A.m. adult$80, the learner cost toof completematerials allfor fourone whichLiteracyreaders is Program.affiliatedin the Knox withThis theprogram,'County; Knox, i. preparingCargillQuiz Literacyforbowl the competition.The AQuiz contest, Bowl 1:., which and starts at 9 dozena.m. Jan. teams,have 23' entered the first are, thewillcampus.theJanuary presentation conclude 23 The in Shircliff Cargillat of 12:30 a plaque Quiz Theater p.m. Bowl withto on Vincennes University SkillsOldGoldenteamsLiteracylevels Men (GOMERS),are Rule Program.Encouragingof First the Insurance, Church Knox Hick's COmpeting,; Reading ofCounty"; GrandOffice God, Vincennes$2,000startedCounty in...donation Public:Library, DecemberRotaryThe Club. Knox 1991 .County witha was Literacyi .. .from. the. members'reservedwhilein Shircliff seats families. areexceptTheater,Four-member available. for is sponsors open There toteams' and thewill team;public be will compete- no:: infouropenthe 10 champion. membersto minute the public. rounds andTheThe will quiz totwelve compete answerbowl teamsis each have ..Company,Vincennes: RivetCompany,Rex'sSupply, Teachers, Body 'Sun-Commercial, Kirby Shop, Rotary Risk Honorary, Supply Nalco Chemical materialsimprove.wishvolunteerProgram to learn tutors reading and to with readtutoring skills.adults or want .who' All to matches trained: are 'sponsoranswering "Quizelimination hastrivia donated Bowl"questions, tournament television $80, using the. formata show: single based Each-; on team the of. currentpotluck';including:questions events,. fromhistory, sports manyperforming, andgeography, categories leisure, andWAOV WVUT Radio TV. and Cargill-WVUB Inc: Radio is sponsoring the areas.inprovided Kriox. Countyfree of charge'and surrounding to adults : Vi:;';_v. teaching Each one,non-reading mitcti'lists 10 minutes,; adult, as anand entry the Bibleliterature,health andand science Indiana.medicine, and Anature, arts buzzer'. and the. volunteerscontestantsshirtsquiz bowl to all who andparticipants areis providingassisting including' with:: T- and the many': sessionsthesomeone series ,which learn of totutor:willIf read, you be trainingofferedenroll would for in like to helR a.,'frchampion' is expected12:30 to be p.m. crownedCompeting by teams are WAOV radio,. havecontestantsystem 10 will seconds to "buzzbe used toin" give firstand willthe contestantsprovidingthe event: :certificatesand Cargill a plaque Inc. tois the.also:all 'FebruaryPublic'the Annex Library2, 9 and of from16. the Knox6 to.94.p.m.. County ; 'GoldenBodySupply, Rule Shop, VincennesInsurance, Nalco Sun-Commercial, HicksChemical Office.: Co., Rex's:First withwillcorrect haveeach answer. other10 seconds before Team answeringtomembers confer \ Thecontest.runner-up funds earned and:; through winner the of the . orKnox' to 'enrollCounty in'tutorLiteracy'For more trainingProgram: information about the: t: (GrandSupply,Church OldofVincennes God, Men RivetEncouraging Rotary teachers, Club, Reading) Kirby GOMERS Risk and, The"bonus" team registration questions. fee is 22 purchaseCargill Quizmaterials Bowl foradult will be usednew to BEST COPY AVAILABLE literacysessions, coordinator, call Tracy at 88670870... Phillips,. VINCENNESJanuary SUN 10, COMMERCIAL WVUB-WVUT. 1993, Sunday Edit ion23 VINCENNES SUN COMMERCIAL February 7,1993, Sunday Editio THE KNOXCOUNTY LITERACYPROGRAM extends a special thankyou to the following businesses,organizations, and individuals. THE FIRST ANNUALCARGILL LITERACYQUIZ BOWL was a success because of theirsupport, contribution's, and CARGILL, INC. participation. WAOV RADIO VINCENNES UNIVERSITY VINCENNES ROTARY CLUB WVUB RADIO WVUT TV KNOX COUNTY PUBLICLIBRARY MONROE COUNTY LIBRARY FIRST CHURCH OFGOD WABASH CABLEVISION KIRI3Y RISK SUPPLY HILLMAN JEWELERS NALCO CHEMICAL COMPANY VINCENNES SUN-COMMERCIAL DOT'S CUSTOM CAKES& CATERING RIVET HIGH SCHOOL MORRISON'S HOSPITALITYGROUP GOLDEN RULE INSURANCE PEPSI-COLA DR. PEPPERBOTTLERS RFX'S BODY SHOP OF VINCENNES G.O.M.E.R.'s FRANCIS VIGO CHAPTER,D.A.R. HECK'S OFFICE EQUIPMENT R.S.V.P. *.k. * ** * * * * or 01% oe J. . # of #t 01% ofor* Ruth Adams Jim Gislason Lee Noble John Anderson Heidi Goff Kim Phillips , Dianne Annis B. J. Haggard Dr. Phil Pierpont Jack Baltzell Jane Haggard Ron Pittman Marion Battles. --. i Hank Hagerman _Patty Prince . Donna Bennett Barbara Harvey Rev. Mike Reed Carrol Bonhomme Karen Hazelman Nancy Rich Rachel Brosmer Steve Heiden Tony Rodnicki Dana Brown Beth Hicks John Rogers Fmity*Bunyan Scott Hockman Cathy Rogers Tom Burns Martin Hornback Wally Burns Edward Sebring Phoebe Ivers Mac Seed Ruth Burton ... Rev. Georg Karl Ralph Simon Jane Carle Sally Keller Jill Slaven Dick Carmichael Sharon Kiefer Sandy Smith Paul Can Pam Kirsch Neal Chaplin Shirley Smith Mark Lange Steve Smith Kevin Cloudfelter Randall Lehman Dr. Don Snider Jerry Daffron Doug Lemond Ed Davis Brian Spangle Jack Mahoney Juanita Spitts Kent Davis Kevin Mason ICristie Deetz David Stayer Terry McCraney Willoughby Steckley Sharon Dempsey Mary McGlone Joanne Still Karen Denice Wanda McGuire Helen Divine Jayne Stilwell Doug Mengedoht Dr. Ed Swonder Carla Doolen Greg Midkiff Mary Lou Thomas Wanda Dougherty Jim Miller -7-Ed Thurman Irene Eakins Matt Minderman Regina Elliott Marilyn Wagner Chris Morris Mary Gladys Michelle Fetter Robin Murray Wheeler . Jeff Fox Jerry Nelson Rex Frey Linda Wilson . . :1Don Nesbitt Chris Funkhouser Dana Winemiller. = Jane Niehaus Harry Wolin

471A David Stayer From the Sunday, January 24th The View from My. Edition of the Vincennes Sun Easy Chair . Commercial -- sport,s section.

BEST COPY AVAILABLE

So what does a sports editor do on theso-called dead week the conferencechampionships and the between another bowl, that's Super Bowl? Get involvedin what '" ..,,,,,...... ,.-...a-...5.w.:,_, Saturday morning's t: ;;''? As for me, I was less than distinguished Literacy Quiz Bowlsponsored by Cargill and on many of the sports ques- at Vincennes University's held-ons: Rex ringer Jim Pearson had Shircliff Auditoriumwas not sports' in the a quicker, trigger finger than me on a true sense of the definition,but it certainly uestion involving Willie Mays. I also dient in sports = was based on the key ingre- failed to know that Sam Snead competition. - olds the record for the most PGA Tourvictories, what year the All -Star When the Sun-Commercial'sJim Miller asked' Game wasn't played because of war-time paper's team I jumped me to be on the news= travel restrictions (1945);.what at the Chance. Itwas clear that I was to handle year Jim Thorpe won his Olympic gold medals(1912) and in iI" vhat sports questions in the quiz thenation water skiing was born (United . bowl, which was looselystructured around States). !.& r :, the 'old College QuizBowl. Although I I pulled out an occasionalanswer: I ,knew Bill Tilden was .thefitst team with S -C cohorts was excited about beingon the Miller, Ed Sebring and American to win Wimbledon and I anSwered.."q0e.Montane to a 'SUper apprehension that the quiz Chris Morris, I hadan bowl might turnout to be a toilet bowl for theBowl question that I never gotto hear the end of, but it was the right S-C team in generaland me.inparticular. answer anyway. Also, I knew that the Caspian :: i... . Sea is the largest inland that's not how it turnedout. The Sun-Commercial body of water and that Indiana has.92counties,. although I cost the team the event. That may team won10 points by saying Switzerland not surprise a lot of peoplewho were not there, but County is the state's smallest whenit's let me tell you itwas no walk in the park. really Ohio County; That boo -boo Twelve fine teamswere drew scorn from my teammates. andI entered and the competitionin the 10- minute decided to shut up .for awhile, whichis probably why I got beat to.the Just about everyone I rounds was very keen. talked to said "Oh,you guys should win. You'rebuzzer on "What is the name for Rastafarianmusic?", Reggae, but Iwas in the news business." -,. : I've always said that chicken. :<';,....--.,,.i::.:. s' to be a news person it's .:,:;:,:',-,;::':: i;,''..,.. necessary to know a lot about not In the end, the Super Bowl -,.':.'.i.:;.-::.:::::0;'-.4.'.,:q ., any one thing, but it is important next Sunday would like fo be thiSexciting. at least a little about a lot of to knowThe first Literacy Quiz Bowl went things. But that qualificationis by no means overtime: Rex's 70, Sun-ComMercial the sole property of newspaperpeople and the quiz 70 at the end of regulation. It Who amid really say bowl showed that.:. so happened that the questions in the five who would be lurkingout there? There minute overtime roundwere more up the S-C's alley than Rex's ringers' WAOV, morenews people. There was wasalley. We beat them, but I WVUB Radio-WVUTTV, wouldn't:wanutO play Trivial PUrsuitor another gang ofnews folks:And it turned Jeopardy against them for a living. .-: '...,.4;',,,;,,ty, out there was a team. Of ;.,.,;-;-: :-:..:';V ringers going by thename of Rex's Body Shop. It was a team effort. Miller, Sebring :;;;;;i:.,,,.... In no way do Imean to and Morris all chimed inwith slight the fine people whoactually do work for answers to which I had no clue. Balance, like did. I later learned they Rex, but none ofthese a well-rounded basketball were VU professors. team I suppose, was the key andwe had it .!.,-.. As it turned out, .;..: l :-ii,; ::-,:6.'.'?.6:i:.:f. WVUB-WVUT croaked inthe first round. For So now, the. S-C team, with itscollective, chest puffed am eternally grateful to the that I down the gauntlet for next outi,throws First Church of Godteam because the Sun- year. Cut us down if you can. F knowRex's CommerCial team wouldhave had to face ringers think they can and probably the -ound. I personally did WVUB-WVUT in thesecond other teams who acquittedthem- not want that to happen selves well think they can too... because I did notwant to . i.;-,- ,.e t.,.5.:i ... ;o head-to-head withWVUB- WVUT's Ed It was a great event that norning sports quiz Thurman, theguru of the was a heckava lot of fun. Cargill isto be com- show, "Sportsor Consequences." I mended for taking on thecorporate sponsorship and.so are the Knox vould embarrassme, but the First Church was afraid Ed All of the teams of God took care of EasyEd. County Public Library and its affiliate, theKnox County Literacy were gOod, but from Program, which put the quiz bowl together. ingers from Rex's and the start it was clear thatthe Many other volunteersgave the Rivet Teachers their efforts. ..-.:.. :. were very formidable. Rivet ,.; ...... :!;i' }....2:-- -:!:, ad this characternamed Dick Carmichael ;!..: i',:-i.,:;:;;:'%;.',;'.' who used to work at the Sun- The quiz bowl proved that keen competitiondoesn't have to playedon 7ominercial and he cleanedup on a bunch of a field or involve a ball. The sere would be some questions. I was hoping Sun-Commercial team is champion for sort of grandfatherclause that would allow the now. But all that does is setus up for a dethroning next yeai-.. Scome un-Commercial to eitherclaim Carmichael on. Get your team together and armed from the competition. on waivers or get him put to use all those otherwise uselesS It was not to be,but the Sun-Commercial facts that are tuckedaway in the darkcornersof your brain. My contract idn't have to go against May not ll Knev.ved, hiria either becausethe Rex ringers punched but the S-C team will be back to defend. . Come get- it Rivet in the semifinals. . us. :: 4. 0 fi'OV4'ffdT111.7...).04,a"t't' ,. O r-hc I 0 bK*NI.O. Ati 111 ' 5(1) el0 rt Cl)(1) teamNewspaperLiteracy -wins qufr .e4 players 0(-4 stafffirstBy writer EDWARDIn eventunprecedentedL. SEBRING overtime action ts.) ,underedSun-CommercialSaturday thefour banner higher morning, educatorsof employees Rex's a team ofdefeat- competing Body four t1rr bowlLiteracyShop.to was Quiz 'Win without Bowl.Actually,:the the precedent 1993 Cargill entire literacy quiz here, WRONG! .WAOV radio team member Karen the' Vincennes University Staff photo by Tom BarthOlomew Orr thatbecomeorganizerssince made anthis theannual was finishsaid event.the they unusual first Thehope of thing: will.. what was . bvertimeDenicetion round inreacts Saturday's and after both she Cargill incorrectly scores :Literacy Quiz Bowl answered a ques- s reporter. on forbers another Chris question. Funkhouser, left, campus. Her team mem-and Dianne Annis wait theC andallowancesbowl endthat Rex of establishedcompetitions theteams.tied regulationfor ties. rules So, 10 when makefor such the at 70 points at quiz noS- defeatedfast-pacedimmediatelywere zeroedthe Rex Theovertime tookteamout. winning Thethe60-40. leadround S-C team in team thee'` consisted and of bersJohnMcCraney,sisted atRogers. Vincennes of Sharon JimAllThe are Pearson,University Dempsey facultyRex's Body Terri, and Shop team con- mem- and CountyKnoxbyUniversityAuditorium Cargill Literacy County Inc. campus, Coordinator onforLiteracy the was benefitVincennes sponsored of Program. Tracy the decidedof play to in createthe final a round,five-minute officialsminutes artistnewswriterSports and designer Editor Jim Miller, Chris David. advertisingMorris Stayer, and Players.also are activeThe withcontest, Old held in Shircliff Car, Town--..1"-ILA-A...-x.L nityraisePhillips awarenessfunds said and itsto of purposeincrease the literacy see LIT RACY ) , page A-8 was both to Y/73commu- pro 26 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 27 ziAs erac continued from page A-1 Polly Purebred) and what creature'tearn, said he was well pleased with ;:grams available here. ; spends most of its life on its head .the level of competition and added . Funds were generated by teamand waves its 24 legs. The answerthe questions were more difficult ponsors paying $80 teamentryto the latter is a barnacle. Rules fol-than he had expected!' fees,-She said. That amountwaslowed the old College Bowl televi- "For our part, literacy is What. selected because that is the cost ofsion show, with teams occasionallyWe're all about as an organization," materials used to bring an kWh stu-:earning the right to- attempt bomis Miller.Said. dent through four levels of literacy:questions. ?.- Jim Pearson, captain of the Rex's training. ;; . : H!=;:Not counting the tied final round,'Body Shop team, said he was "By sponsoring a team in effectone of the closest rounds was thepleased to be a part of the first liter- they are sponsoring an adult learn-'contest between the Rivet teachersacy quiz bowl here and hoped the .ei," Phillips said ;': team of Dick Carinichael, Janeevent will become an annual affair. TWelve teams entered the single-Carle, Ron Pittman and Jill Slaven, felt the questions were fair and elimination competition under thewhich defeated "the"Rotarychallenging," Pearson said."I sponsorships of WAOV radio;(Honorary)" team of Ed Swonder,appreciated they covered such Golden Rule Insurance, NalcoMike Reed, Harry Wolin and Dana broad range." . Chemical Co., Rivet High School,Brown 135-130. The Rotary team Miller and Pearson added they Rotary, Kirby Risk Supply ,Co.,'was ahead, but the final questionappreciated the efforts ofmany First Church of God, WVUB andanswered by Rivet reversed theindividuals and firms that worked WVUT radio and television sta-standing.),7.,:f together to put on the event, and the tions, Hick's Office Supply, Rex's :; Advancing to the second round.support of the audience present for BodyShopandtheSun-were WAOV, Rex's,Rivetthe competition, which lasted about Commercial. Teachers, the GOMERS, Firstthree hours. )1 A team without an apparent spon-Church of God and the Sun- "It gets to be a cliche to say a win ' sor were the GOMERS, which theyCoinmercial. was a team effort; but this one said stood for "grand old men In the second round, Rex defeatedwas," Miller added. "There were encouraging reading." . WAOV 110-80, Rivet defeated theseveral times when each of us made Questions were asked in a varietyGOMERS 90-55 and the S-C teamcrucial points by answering ques- of areas including sports anddefeated the First Church of Godtions that the other three couldn't. leisure, literature, the arts, the 155-70. My only problem as a team captain Bible, TV trivia and two general As the highest scoring team inwas an embarrassment of riches in -categories called "trivia" and "potround 2, the S-C drew a by in semi-'choosing the team. I think we could pourri" Questions tan the gamutfinal round, in which Rex wentonhave fielded at least two or three from how old was Methuselahto defeat the Rivet team 75-55, thenteams from our personnel here' with (969) and where did the Job come.Played the S-C team in the finalno noticeable dilution of strength, from (Uz) in the Bible, tope name .,:round. : ,,but.it the same time, I'm gladwe of Underdog's, girlfriend '(Sweet Miller, captainof the .S-i7had theenmhinatinn tue aid ":I i wellthat enoughDid many YU to: adults (k/OVV? in Knox County cannot read iI1 understandfill out a job monthlyapplication bills Ii1 oco helpread childrenthe newspaper with homework 1 , o c)) interpret highway signs 1 t 1 L. C7 LearnersKnox County (18 years Literacy and over) Program offers for Adult . .. . 1 L. * One-to-one instruction by trained & caring tutors. i1 0z....1I'l 8El s , 0vi * Strictly confidential arrangement i1 ' 1 B. i * FlexibleNo-cost schedulingto learner I 1 -24.....,,i L.t) g.t ...-6>,h * Short weekly sessions , Teaching method with proven results 1Ii ..4)1f .. . ) * 1 I 1_ Ifiu Can WO, Bp 1 wZ 0 E Being A Friend: Offer encouragement to Ii o contacttheirsomeone reading Knox you or Countyknow writing would skills.Literacy benefit Program by improving if Ii ...., 0 = 13t&4 (2il ) program.byBeing helping A Volunteer:provide other As valuable a trained services tutor, to the or I1 cau)a) organization,needed.activitiesBeing areAlso,A Financial greatly financial items appreciated. donatedcontributions Donor: forAs fundraising aare non-profit always !ono mho can tutor? nox County wholearners.Interested are available adults with to work a positive with attitudeadult Aeracy rogram Tutors are expected to be available for ablesupportinitial totraining schedulemeetings. sessions, 1Tutors and need monthly to be sessions, hr. per studentand have a commitmentweeklyJO have to serve at least 6 months. your name added to the Vincennes, clA 47591509 7th Street fist tutor training sessionof participantscalf:886-o8ro in 30 the next 31 (812) 886-o87o U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OER!) Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) ERIC

NOTICE

REPRODUCTION BASIS

This document is covered by a signed "Reproduction Release (Blanket)" form (on file within the ERIC system), encompassing all or classes of documents from its source organization and, therefore, does not require a "Specific Document" Release form.

This document is Federally-funded, or carries its own permission to reproduce, or is otherwise in the public domain and, therefore, may be reproduced by ERIC without a signed Reproduction Release form (either "Specific Document" or "Blanket")..