Evaluation of Macrolophus Pygmaeus [Heteroptera : Miridae] As Biocontrol Agent Against Aphids
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Biology of Macrolophus Caliginosus (Heteroptera: Miridae) Predator of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)
International Journal of Biology July, 2009 Biology of Macrolophus caliginosus (Heteroptera: Miridae) Predator of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Mohd Rasdi, Z., Fauziah, I. & Wan Mohamad, W.A.K Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 60-9-490-2000 E-mail: [email protected] Syed Abdul Rahman, S.R Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Cameron Highlands, 39000 Pahang, Malaysia Tel: 60-5-491-1255 E-mail: [email protected] Che Salmah, M.R. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Tel: 60-4-653-4061 E-mail: [email protected] Kamaruzaman, J. (Corresponding author) Department of Forest Production, Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 60-3-8946-7176 E-mail: [email protected] This project is funded by Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (Sponsoring information) Abstract Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae) is a highly polyphagous predatory bug, which has proven to be effective in controlling many insect pests of greenhouse vegetables (eggplant, tomato, and cucumber) especially whiteflies, aphids, and thrip. It is mainly used as a biological control auxiliary against T. vaporariorum Westwood (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum is particularly harmful to tomato plants grown under the greenhouse. It has become prevalent whenever crops are frequently sprayed with insecticides. Biological control is becoming important for controlling this insect pest. A mirid bug management programme has been developed for an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in tomato. The objective of the programme was to keep the predator population densities high enough in order to maintain T. -
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VKM Report 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Opinion of the Panel on Plant Production Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Opinion of the Panel on Plant Production Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 18.03.2015 ISBN: 978-82-8259-161-4 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2015). Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product. Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety. VKM Report 2015:06, ISBN: 978-82-8259-161-4, Oslo, Norway. Available online: www.vkm.no VKM Report 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Authors preparing the draft opinion Torsten Källqvist (chair), May-Guri Sæthre Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Plant Protection Products of VKM. Members of the panel are: Torsten Källqvist (chair), Katrine Borgå, Hubert Dirven, Ole Martin Eklo, Merete Grung, Jan Ludvig Lyche, Marit Låg, Asbjørn M Nilsen, Line Emilie Sverdrup (Panel members in alphabetical order after chair of the panel) Acknowledgment May-Guri Sæthre from the Panel of Plant health of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety is acknowledged for her valuable work on this opinion. Project manager from the VKM secretariat has been Edgar Rivedal Competence of VKM experts Persons working for VKM, either as appointed members of the Committee or as external experts, do this by virtue of their scientific expertise, not as representatives for their employers or third party interests. -
Population Development of Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Under Simulated UK Glasshouse Conditions
Insects 2013, 4, 185-197; doi:10.3390/insects4020185 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Article Population Development of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under Simulated UK Glasshouse Conditions Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson 1,*, James J. Mathers 1, Lisa F. Blackburn 1, Anastasia Korycinska 1, Weiqi Luo 1, Robert J. Jacobson 2 and Phil Northing 1 1 The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.J.M.); [email protected] (L.F.B.); [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (P.N.) 2 Rob Jacobson Consultancy Ltd., 5 Milnthorpe Garth, Bramham, LS23 6TH, UK; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-01904-462-201; Fax: +44-01904-462-111. Received: 11 March 2013; in revised form: 23 April 2013 / Accepted: 25 April 2013 / Published: 15 May 2013 Abstract: Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a major pest of tomato plants in South America. It was first recorded in the UK in 2009 where it has been subjected to eradication policies. The current work outlines T. absoluta development under various UK glasshouse temperatures. The optimum temperature for Tuta development ranged from 19±23 °C. At 19 °C, there was 52% survival of T. absoluta from egg to adult. As temperature increased (23 °C and above) development time of the moth would appear to decrease. -
Dicyphus Hesperus) Whitefly Predatory Bug
SHEET 223 - DICYPHUS Dicyphus (Dicyphus hesperus) Whitefly Predatory Bug Target Pests Greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), Tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Dicyphus will feed on two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), Thrips and Moth eggs but will not control these pests. Plants Note: Since Dicyphus is also a plant feeder it should not be used on crops such as Gerbra which can be damaged. Most of the work with Dicyphus has been on vegetable crops such as tomato, pepper and eggplant where it will not cause plant damage by plant feeding. Description The predatory bug, Dicyphus hesperus is similar to Macrolophus caliginosus, which is being used in Europe to control whitefly, spider mites, moth eggs and aphids. The use of Dicyphus is being studied by D. Gillespie (Agriculture and Agri-Foods Canada Research Station, Agassiz, BC). Dicyphus should not be used on its own to replace other biological control agents. It is best used along with other biological control agents in greenhouse tomato crops that have, or (because of past history) are expected to have. whitefly, spider mite, or thrips problems. • Eggs are laid inside plant tissue and are not easily seen. • Adults are slender (6mm), black and green with red eyes and can fly • Nymphs are green with red eyes Use in Biological Control • Release Dicyphus as soon as whiteflies are found, early in the season at a rate of 0.25-0.5 bugs/m2 (10 ft2) of infested area; repeat in 2-3 weeks. • Release batches of 100 adults together in one area where whitefly is present or add supplementary food (frozen moth eggs: i.e. -
Impact of the Presence of Dicyphus Tamaninii Wagner
Biological Control 25 (2002) 123–128 www.academicpress.com Impact of the presence of Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae) on whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) predation by Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) (Heteroptera: Miridae) EEric Lucas1 and Oscar Alomar* Departament de Proteccio Vegetal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries Centre de Cabrils, E-08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain Received 11 May 2001; accepted 20 May 2002 Abstract Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) is currently commercialized in Europe for the control of whiteflies in tomato greenhouses. Another mirid predator, Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner, spontaneously colonizes Mediterranean greenhouses. The impact of the presence of D. tamaninii on predation of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood) by M. caliginosus was investigated in the laboratory on tomato plants during four days. No significant interspecific competition was recorded between mirid nymphs and no significant intraguild predation was observed. Higher level of predation of the whitefly populations was achieved by D. tamaninii alone, than by M. caliginosus alone. Predation by the heterospecific combination (M. caliginosus + D. tamaninii) was similar to the results obtained by conspecific treatments. No intraspecific competition was recorded with D. tamaninii, nor with M. caliginosus. Finally, the distribution of whitefly predation on the plant by the mirids changed according to the predator treatment. The heterospecific combination of both mirids had a higher predation rate on lower leaves of the plant than monospecific combinations. Overall, the presence of D. tamaninii did not disrupt whitefly predation by M. caliginosus and could even increase the level of predation. Ó 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. Keywords: Dicyphus tamaninii; Macrolophus caliginosus; Trialeurodes vaporariorum; Lycopersicon esculentum; Intraguild predation; Zoophytophagy; Miridae; Biological control; Greenhouse whitefly 1. -
Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus Cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae)
insects Article Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae) Gonçalo Abraços-Duarte 1,2,* , Susana Ramos 1, Fernanda Valente 1,3, Elsa Borges da Silva 1,3 and Elisabete Figueiredo 1,2,* 1 Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (F.V.); [email protected] (E.B.d.S.) 2 Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Forest Research Centre (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.A.-D.); [email protected] (E.F.) Simple Summary: Biological control (BC) is an effective way to regulate pest populations in hor- ticultural crops, allowing the decrease of pesticide usage. On tomato, predatory insects like plant bugs or mirids provide BC services against several insect pests. Native predators are adapted to local conditions of climate and ecology and therefore may be well suited to provide BC services. Dicyphus cerastii is a predatory mirid that is present in the Mediterranean region and occurs in tomato greenhouses in Portugal. However, little is known about its contribution to BC in this crop. In this study, we evaluated how prey consumption is affected by increasing prey abundance on four different prey, in laboratory conditions. We found that the predator can increase its predation rate until a maximum is reached and that prey characteristics like size and mobility can affect predation. -
Julius-Kühn-Archiv
ICP-PR Honey Bee Protection Group 1980 - 2015 The ICP-PR Bee Protection Group held its fi rst meeting in Wageningen in 1980 and over the subsequent 35 years it has become the established expert forum for discussing the risk of pesticides to bees and developing solutions how to assess and manage this risk. In recent years it has enlarged its scope of interest from honey bees to many other pollinating insects such as bumble bees. The group organises international scientifi c symposia once in every three years. These are open to everyone interested. The group tries to involve as many countries as possible, by organising symposia each time in another European country. It operates with working groups studying specifi c problems and proposing solu- 450 tions that are subsequently discussed in plenary symposia. A wide range of experts active in this fi eld drawn Julius-Kühn-Archiv from regulatory authorities, industry, universities and research institutes across the European Union (EU) and beyond participates in the discussions. Pieter A. Oomen, Jens Pistorius (Editors) The proceedings of the symposia (such as these) are being published by the Julius Kühn Archive in Germany since the 2008 symposium in Bucharest, Romania. These proceedings are also accessible on internet, e.g., the 2011 Wageningen symposium is available on http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/issue/view/801. Hazards of pesticides to bees For more information about the Bee Protection Group, see the ‘Statement about the mission and role of the ICPPR Bee Protection Group’ on one of the opening pages in these proceedings. -
List of Biological Control Agents Widely Used in the Eppo Region
EPPO Standards SAFE USE OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LIST OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS WIDELY USED IN THE EPPO REGION PM 6/3 English 2021 VERSION oepp eppo European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization 21 Boulevard Richard Lenoir, 75011 Paris, France APPROVAL EPPO Standards are approved by EPPO Council. The date of approval appears in each individual standard. In the terms of Article II of the IPPC, EPPO Standards are Regional Standards for the members of EPPO. REVIEW EPPO Standards are subject to periodic review and amendment. The next review date for this set of EPPO Standards is decided by the EPPO Working Party on Phytosanitary Regulations. AMENDMENT RECORD Amendments will be issued as necessary, numbered and dated. The dates of amendment appear in each individual standard (as appropriate). DISTRIBUTION EPPO Standards are distributed by the EPPO Secretariat to all EPPO member governments. Copies are available to any interested person under particular conditions upon request to the EPPO Secretariat. SCOPE The EPPO Standards on the safe use of biological control are intended to be used by NPPOs or equivalent authorities, in their capacity as bodies responsible for overseeing and, if appropriate, regulating the introduction and use of biological control agents. OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS NPPOs of the EPPO region generally promote the use of biological control in plant protection because, like other aspects of integrated pest management, it reduces risks to human health and the environment. Use of biological control agents may, nevertheless, present some risks, in particular for the environment if exotic agents are introduced from other continents, and for the user if agents are formulated as plant protection products. -
Using Species Traits to Understand the Mechanisms Driving Pollination and Pest Control Ecosystem Services
Using species traits to understand the mechanisms driving pollination and pest control ecosystem services Arran Greenop (B.Sc., MRes) March 2020 Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Contents Summary ...................................................................................................................... iv List of figures ................................................................................................................. v List of tables .................................................................................................................. vi Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... viii Declarations ................................................................................................................. viii Statement of authorship ................................................................................................ ix 1. Chapter 1. Thesis introduction ....................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Thesis outline ............................................................................................................ 8 2. Chapter 2. Functional diversity positively affects prey suppression by invertebrate predators: a meta-analysis ................................................................................................. -
Menelaos C. Stavrinides CV August 2018
Menelaos C. Stavrinides CV August 2018 Menelaos C. Stavrinides Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science Cyprus University of Technology Arch. Kyprianos 30, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus + 357 25002186, [email protected], [email protected] www.sustagric.weebly.com Education University of California, Berkeley, PhD, 2004 - 2009 Environmental Science, Policy and Management. GPA: 4.00/4.00 Dissertation title: Biology, ecology and management of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in California vineyards. PhD Committee Members: Prof. Nicholas J. Mills (Advisor), Prof. Steve Walter, Prof. Wayne Sousa. Qualifying Exam Subject Areas: Theoretical Biological Control, Trophic Ecology, Molecular Population Genetics, Experimental Design and Statistics. University of California, Berkeley, MS, 2004 - 2006 Environmental Science, Policy and Management. GPA: 4.00/4.00 Comprehensive Oral Exam Subject Areas: Biological Control of Mites, Resistance to Insecticides and Genetically Modified Crops, Molecular Population Genetics. Imperial College, London, U.K., MSc, 2000 - 2001 Biological Control. Distinction Award. Thesis title: The effect of plant morphology, architecture and prey spatial arrangement on predatory interactions. Advisors: Dr. David Skirvin and Prof. Simon R. Leather Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Ptychion (BS & MS), 1995 - 2000 Agriculture, Plant Protection Specialization. GPA: 7.48/10 (top 15% of class) Thesis title: Effect of mating on the longevity and fecundity of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Advisor: Prof. Byron I. Katsoyannos Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Diploma in Sustainable Agriculture, 1998-1999 Highly competitive interdisciplinary training program on Sustainable Agriculture funded by the European Union. Menelaos C. Stavrinides CV August 2018 Short Courses Completed Workshop on the Identification and Biology of Predatory Mites in Agriculture, University of California Cooperative Extension Office, Bakersfield, CA, July 2007. -
Macrolophus Pygmaeus (Rambur) As an Efficient Predator of the Tomato Leafminer Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) in Europe
B A S E Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 2014 18(4), 536-543 Focus on: Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) as an efficient predator of the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Europe. A review Lara De Backer, Rudy Caparros Megido, Éric Haubruge, François J. Verheggen University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech. Unit of functional and evolutionary Entomology. Passage des Déportés, 2. B-5030 Gembloux (Belgium). E-mail: [email protected] Received on June 21, 2013; accepted on May 28, 2014. The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), originates from South America, and remains one of the main tomato pests in this continent. Since its introduction to Europe in 2006, Mediterranean countries have also been exposed to this pest. Because of the endophytic habits of the larvae and ability of adults to reproduce parthenogenetically, chemicals and sexual pheromone- based control methods generate poor results. Recently, the use of biocontrol agents, such as Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur (Heteroptera: Miridae), has been investigated as an alternative means of control, the results of which are presented in this review. Macrolophus pygmaeus is a mirid bug that is widely used to control different phytophagous insects in integrated pest management strategies through Europe. Several studies have confirmed the high predation potential of M. pygmaeus on T. absoluta under laboratory and semi-field conditions. This predator spontaneously colonizes tomato greenhouses in the southern Mediterranean countries. The use of banker plants (i.e., plants that provide a habitat to the predator) improves the colonization ability of this natural enemy. Hence, if the local population size is low, an augmentative strategy could be adopted. -
How Safe Is It to Rely on Macrolophus Pygmaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae) As a Biocontrol Agent in Tomato Crops?
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 10 September 2018 doi: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00132 How Safe Is It to Rely on Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae) as a Biocontrol Agent in Tomato Crops? Juan A. Sanchez*, Elena López-Gallego, María Pérez-Marcos, Luis G. Perera-Fernández and María J. Ramírez-Soria Department of Crop Protection, Biological Control and Ecosystem Services, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario, Murcia, Spain Omnivorous mirids (Hemiptera: Miridae) are unusual as biocontrol agents, as they feed on both plants and pests. Therefore, extensive knowledge of their ecological behavior is required to maximize their predatory side and to minimize crop damage. Macrolophus pygmaeus is a known predator of small arthropods, used in European tomato crops for more than 20 years. This mirid is currently considered harmless to tomato, although some controversy remains in relation to the status of the species. The aim of this work was to investigate the benefits that M. pygmaeus provides as a predator and the likely damage as a plant feeder. The experiment was carried out in 6 experimental Edited by: greenhouses in southern Spain. Two treatments, low and high M. pygmaeus populations, Alberto Pozzebon, were assayed in a complete factorial randomized design with three replicates. Low and Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy high M. pygmaeus populations were achieved by direct and pre-plant release methods, Reviewed by: respectively. Tomato plants with a lower number of M. pygmaeus had a significantly Antonio Biondi, Università degli Studi di Catania, Italy higher number of whiteflies and Tuta absoluta galleries than those with a higher number Barbara Letizia Ingegno, of the mirid, and vice versa.