Julius-Kühn-Archiv

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Julius-Kühn-Archiv ICP-PR Honey Bee Protection Group 1980 - 2015 The ICP-PR Bee Protection Group held its fi rst meeting in Wageningen in 1980 and over the subsequent 35 years it has become the established expert forum for discussing the risk of pesticides to bees and developing solutions how to assess and manage this risk. In recent years it has enlarged its scope of interest from honey bees to many other pollinating insects such as bumble bees. The group organises international scientifi c symposia once in every three years. These are open to everyone interested. The group tries to involve as many countries as possible, by organising symposia each time in another European country. It operates with working groups studying specifi c problems and proposing solu- 450 tions that are subsequently discussed in plenary symposia. A wide range of experts active in this fi eld drawn Julius-Kühn-Archiv from regulatory authorities, industry, universities and research institutes across the European Union (EU) and beyond participates in the discussions. Pieter A. Oomen, Jens Pistorius (Editors) The proceedings of the symposia (such as these) are being published by the Julius Kühn Archive in Germany since the 2008 symposium in Bucharest, Romania. These proceedings are also accessible on internet, e.g., the 2011 Wageningen symposium is available on http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/issue/view/801. Hazards of pesticides to bees For more information about the Bee Protection Group, see the ‘Statement about the mission and role of the ICPPR Bee Protection Group’ on one of the opening pages in these proceedings. 12th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group 15. - 17. September 2014, Ghent (Belgium) - Proceedings - International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Group Protection of the ICP-PR Symposium International th Hazards of pesticides to bees of pesticides - 12 to Hazards ISBN 9783955470227 02495 > 450 2015 9 783955 470227 Julius Kühn-Institut Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpfl anzen Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen (JKI) Veröffentlichungen des JKI Das Julius Kühn-Institut ist eine Bundesoberbehörde und ein Bundesforschungsinstitut. Es um- fasst 16 Institute zuzüglich gemeinschaftlicher Einrichtungen an zukünftig sechs Standorten Das Julius-Kühn-Archiv setzt die seit 1906 erschienenen Mitteilungshefte, eine Reihe von Monogra- (Quedlinburg, Braunschweig, Kleinmachnow, Dossenheim, Siebeldingen, Dresden-Pillnitz) und phien unterschiedlichster Themen von Forschungsarbeiten bis zu gesetzlichen Aufgaben fort. Alle eine Versuchsstation zur Kartoffelforschung in Groß Lüsewitz. Quedlinburg ist der Hauptsitz des bisher erschienenen Ausgaben sind OPEN ACCESS kostenfrei im Internet (http://pub.jki.bund.de) zu Bundesforschungsinstituts. lesen. Hauptaufgabe des JKI ist die Beratung der Bundesregierung bzw. des BMEL in allen Fragen mit Bezug zur Kulturpflanze. Die vielfältigen Aufgaben sind in wichtigen rechtlichen Regelwerken, wie Öffentlichkeit und Fachwelt versorgen wir zusätzlich mit verschiedenen Informationsangeboten dem Pflanzenschutzgesetz, dem Gentechnikgesetz, dem Chemikaliengesetz und hierzu erlassenen über alle Aspekte rund um die Kulturpflanzen. Hierfür stehen Broschüren, Faltblätter, Fachzeitschrif- Rechtsverordnungen, niedergelegt und leiten sich im Übrigen aus dem Forschungsplan des BMEL ten und Monographien, Datenbanken und Themenportale im Internet zur Verfügung. ab. Die Zuständigkeit umfasst behördliche Aufgaben und die Forschung in den Bereichen Pflan- zengenetik, Pflanzenbau, Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde sowie Pflanzenschutz und Pflan- Seit 2009 wird vom Julius Kühn-Institut als wissenschaftliches Fachorgan das Journal für Kultur- zengesundheit. Damit vernetzt das JKI alle wichtigen Ressortthemen um die Kulturpflanze – ob auf pflanzen – Journal of Cultivated Plants (vormals Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutz- dem Feld, im Gewächshaus oder im urbanen Bereich – und entwickelt ganzheitliche Konzepte für dienstes) monatlich herausgegeben (http://www.journal-kulturpflanzen.de). den gesamten Pflanzenbau, für die Pflanzenproduktion bis hin zur Pflanzenpflege und -verwen- dung. Forschung und hoheitliche Aufgaben sind dabei eng miteinander verbunden. Weiterführende Informationen über uns finden Sie auf der Homepage des Julius Kühn-Instituts Weiterführende Informationen über uns finden Sie auf der Homepage des Julius Kühn-Instituts unter http://www.jki.bund.de. Spezielle Anfragen wird Ihnen unsere Pressestelle unter http://www.jki.bund.de. ([email protected]) gern beantworten. Spezielle Anfragen wird Ihnen unsere Pressestelle ([email protected]) gern beantworten. Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for cultivated plants (JKI) The Julius Kühn-Institut is both a research institution and a higher federal authority. It is structured into 16 institutes and several research service units on the sites of Quedlinburg, Braunschweig, Kleinmachnow, Siebeldingen, Dossenheim und Dresden-Pillnitz, complemented by an experimen- tal station for potato research at Groß Lüsewitz. The head quarters are located in Quedlinburg. The Institute’s core activity is to advise the federal government and the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture in particular on all issues relating to cultivated plants. Its diverse tasks in this field are stipulated in important legal acts such as the Plant Protection Act, the Genetic Engineering Act and the Chemicals Act and in corresponding legal regulations, furthermore they arise from the new BMEL research plan. The Institute’s competence comprises both the functions of a federal authority and the research in the fields of plant genetics, agronomy, plant nutrition and soil science as well as plant protection and plant health. On this basis, the JKI networks all important departmental tasks relating to culti- vated plants – whether grown in fields and forests, in the glasshouse or in an urban environment – and develops integrated concepts for plant cultivation as a whole, ranging from plant production to plant care and plant usage. Research and sovereign functions are closely intertwined. More information is available on the website of the Julius Kühn-Institut under http://www.jki.bund.de. For more specific enquiries, please contact our public relations office ([email protected]). Anschrift für Tauschsendungen: Please address exchanges to: Adressez échanges, s‘il vous plait: Para el canje dirigirse por favor a: Gemeinschaft der Förderer und Freunde Informationszentrum und Bibliothek des Julius Kühn-Instituts, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen e.V. (GFF) Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen Erwin-Baur-Str. 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Königin-Luise-Straße 19 Tel.: 03946 47-200, E-Mail: [email protected] D-14195 Berlin, Germany Internet: http://www.jki.bund.de/ Bereich “Über uns” E-Mail: [email protected] 450 Julius-Kühn-Archiv Pieter A. Oomen, Jens Pistorius (Editors) Hazards of pesticides to bees 12th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group 15. - 17. September 2014, Ghent (Belgium) - Proceedings - Julius Kühn-Institut Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpfl anzen History ICPPR-Bee Protection Group conferences 1st symposium, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 1980 2nd symposium, Hohenheim, Germany, 1982 3rd symposium, Harpenden, UK, 1985 4th symposium, Řež, Czech Republic, 1990 5th symposium, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 1993 6th symposium, Braunschweig, Germany, 1996 7th symposium, Avignon, France, 1999 8th symposium, Bologna, Italy, 2002 9th symposium, York, UK, 2005 10th symposium, Bucharest, Romania, 2008 11th symposium, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2011 12th symposium, Ghent, Belgium, 2014 13th symposium scheduled, Spain, 2017 Scientific committee 12th conference Prof. Dr. Guy Smagghe Dr. Anne Alix Dr. Gavin Lewis Jens Pistorius Editors Dr. Pieter A. Oomen, Wageningen Jens Pistorius, Braunschweig Group photo of all symposium participants, standing in front, from left: Thomas Steeger (new board member), Jens Pistorius (new chairman), Françoise & Pieter Oomen with award (editor & former chairman), Guy Smagghe (organiser, symposium host and new board member), Job & Margreet van Praagh with award, Anne Alix (secretary of the board) Foto Jens Pistorius Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation In der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie: detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. ISSN 1868-9892 ISBN 978-3-95547-022-7 DOI 10.5073/jka.2015.450.000 © Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Quedlinburg, 2015. Printed in Germany by Arno Brynda GmbH, Berlin. Preface The International Commission on Plant Pollinator Relations (ICPPR) was founded in 1950 as the International Commission for Bee Botany (ICBB). Its objectives are to promote & coordinate research on relationships between plants and pollinators of all types. That mandate includes studies of insect pollinated plants, pollinator foraging behaviour, effects of pollinator visits on plants, management and protection of insect pollinators, bee collected materials (e.g. nectar and pollen), and of products derived from plants and modified by bees. Further, the ICPPR organises meetings, colloquia or symposia related to the above topics and publishes and distribute the proceedings. The ICPPR collaborates closely with national and international institutions and is one of the 82 scientific commissions of the International Union
Recommended publications
  • Biological Control with Trichogramma in China: History, Present Status and Perspectives
    EN66CH24_WangS ARjats.cls September 18, 2020 15:2 Annual Review of Entomology Biological Control with Trichogramma in China: History, Present Status and Perspectives Lian-Sheng Zang,1 Su Wang,2,∗ Fan Zhang,2 and Nicolas Desneux3,∗ 1Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China 2Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097 Beijing, China; email: [email protected] 3Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2021. 66:24.1–24.22 Keywords The Annual Review of Entomology is online at mass rearing, inundative release, pest management, maize, factitious host ento.annualreviews.org Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2021.66. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-060120- Abstract 091620 Trichogramma species make up one of the most commonly used groups of Copyright © 2021 by Annual Reviews. natural enemies for biological control programs worldwide. Given the ma- All rights reserved jor successes in using Trichogramma to control economically important lep- ∗ Co-corresponding authors. idopterous pests on agricultural crops in China, the biology and ecology of Access provided by Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science on 09/25/20. For personal use only. these wasps have been intensively studied to identify traits that contribute to successful biological control. Since the 1960s, improved mass production of Trichogramma and better augmentative release methods to suppress agricul- tural pests have been achieved. We review the history of research and devel- opment; current knowledge on biodiversity and bio-ecology of the species used; and achievements in mass-rearing methods, release strategies, and cur- rent large-scale applications in China.
    [Show full text]
  • Management of Arthropod Pathogen Vectors in North America: Minimizing Adverse Effects on Pollinators
    Journal of Medical Entomology, 2017, 1–13 doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx146 Forum Forum Management of Arthropod Pathogen Vectors in North America: Minimizing Adverse Effects on Pollinators Howard S. Ginsberg,1,2 Timothy A. Bargar,3 Michelle L. Hladik,4 and Charles Lubelczyk5 1USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, University of Rhode Island, RI Field Station, Woodward Hall – PSE, Kingston, RI 02881 ([email protected]), 2Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], 3USGS Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 7920 NW 71st St., Gainesville, FL 32653 ([email protected]), 4USGS California Water Science Center, 6000 J St., Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 ([email protected]), and 5Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Vector-Borne Disease Laboratory, 81 Research Dr., Scarborough, ME 04074 ([email protected]) Subject Editor: Lars Eisen Received 26 April 2017; Editorial decision 19 June 2017 Abstract Tick and mosquito management is important to public health protection. At the same time, growing concerns about declines of pollinator species raise the question of whether vector control practices might affect pollinator populations. We report the results of a task force of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC) that examined potential effects of vector management practices on pollinators, and how these pro- grams could be adjusted to minimize negative effects on pollinating species. The main types of vector control practices that might affect pollinators are landscape manipulation, biocontrol, and pesticide applications. Some current practices already minimize effects of vector control on pollinators (e.g., short-lived pesticides and application-targeting technologies). Nontarget effects can be further diminished by taking pollinator protection into account in the planning stages of vector management programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies
    INSECTICIDES - DEVELOPMENT OF SAFER AND MORE EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES Edited by Stanislav Trdan Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/3356 Edited by Stanislav Trdan Contributors Mahdi Banaee, Philip Koehler, Alexa Alexander, Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Juliana Cristina Dos Santos, Ronald Zanetti Bonetti Filho, Denilson Ferrreira De Oliveira, Giovanna Gajo, Dejane Santos Alves, Stuart Reitz, Yulin Gao, Zhongren Lei, Christopher Fettig, Donald Grosman, A. Steven Munson, Nabil El-Wakeil, Nawal Gaafar, Ahmed Ahmed Sallam, Christa Volkmar, Elias Papadopoulos, Mauro Prato, Giuliana Giribaldi, Manuela Polimeni, Žiga Laznik, Stanislav Trdan, Shehata E. M. Shalaby, Gehan Abdou, Andreia Almeida, Francisco Amaral Villela, João Carlos Nunes, Geri Eduardo Meneghello, Adilson Jauer, Moacir Rossi Forim, Bruno Perlatti, Patrícia Luísa Bergo, Maria Fátima Da Silva, João Fernandes, Christian Nansen, Solange Maria De França, Mariana Breda, César Badji, José Vargas Oliveira, Gleberson Guillen Piccinin, Alan Augusto Donel, Alessandro Braccini, Gabriel Loli Bazo, Keila Regina Hossa Regina Hossa, Fernanda Brunetta Godinho Brunetta Godinho, Lilian Gomes De Moraes Dan, Maria Lourdes Aldana Madrid, Maria Isabel Silveira, Fabiola-Gabriela Zuno-Floriano, Guillermo Rodríguez-Olibarría, Patrick Kareru, Zachaeus Kipkorir Rotich, Esther Wamaitha Maina, Taema Imo Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2013 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work.
    [Show full text]
  • Life History of the Honey Bee Tracheal Mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae)
    ARTHROPOD BIOLOGY Life History of the Honey Bee Tracheal Mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) JEFFERY S. PETTIS1 AND WILLIAM T. WILSON Honey Bee Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 2413 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 89(3): 368-374 (1996) ABSTRACT Data on the seasonal reproductive patterns of the honey bee tracheal mite, Acarapis woodi (Rennie), were obtained by dissecting host honey bees, Apis mellifera L., at intervals during their life span. Mite reproduction normally was limited to 1 complete gen- eration per host bee, regardless of host life span. However, limited egg laying by foundress progeny was observed. Longer lived bees in the fall and winter harbored mites that reproduced for a longer period than did mites in bees during spring and summer. Oviposition rate was relatively uniform at =0.85 eggs per female per day during the initial 16 d of adult bee life regardless of season. In all seasons, peak mite populations occurred in bees =24 d old, with egg laying declining rapidly beyond day 24 in spring and summer bees but more slowly in fall and winter bees. Stadial lengths of eggs and male and female larvae were 5, 4, and 5 d, respectively. Sex ratio ranged from 1.15:1 to 2.01:1, female bias, but because males are not known to migrate they would have been overestimated in the sampling scheme. Fecundity was estimated to be =21 offspring, assuming daughter mites laid limited eggs in tracheae before dispersal. Mortality of adult mites increased with host age; an estimate of 35 d for female mite longevity was indirectly obtained.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Full Report Pdf, 424.3
    VKM Report 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Opinion of the Panel on Plant Production Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Opinion of the Panel on Plant Production Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 18.03.2015 ISBN: 978-82-8259-161-4 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2015). Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product. Opinion of the Panel on Plant Protection Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety. VKM Report 2015:06, ISBN: 978-82-8259-161-4, Oslo, Norway. Available online: www.vkm.no VKM Report 2015:06 Risk assessment of Macrolophus pygmaeus as biological control product Authors preparing the draft opinion Torsten Källqvist (chair), May-Guri Sæthre Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Plant Protection Products of VKM. Members of the panel are: Torsten Källqvist (chair), Katrine Borgå, Hubert Dirven, Ole Martin Eklo, Merete Grung, Jan Ludvig Lyche, Marit Låg, Asbjørn M Nilsen, Line Emilie Sverdrup (Panel members in alphabetical order after chair of the panel) Acknowledgment May-Guri Sæthre from the Panel of Plant health of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety is acknowledged for her valuable work on this opinion. Project manager from the VKM secretariat has been Edgar Rivedal Competence of VKM experts Persons working for VKM, either as appointed members of the Committee or as external experts, do this by virtue of their scientific expertise, not as representatives for their employers or third party interests.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Development of Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Under Simulated UK Glasshouse Conditions
    Insects 2013, 4, 185-197; doi:10.3390/insects4020185 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Article Population Development of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under Simulated UK Glasshouse Conditions Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson 1,*, James J. Mathers 1, Lisa F. Blackburn 1, Anastasia Korycinska 1, Weiqi Luo 1, Robert J. Jacobson 2 and Phil Northing 1 1 The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.J.M.); [email protected] (L.F.B.); [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (W.L.); [email protected] (P.N.) 2 Rob Jacobson Consultancy Ltd., 5 Milnthorpe Garth, Bramham, LS23 6TH, UK; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-01904-462-201; Fax: +44-01904-462-111. Received: 11 March 2013; in revised form: 23 April 2013 / Accepted: 25 April 2013 / Published: 15 May 2013 Abstract: Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a major pest of tomato plants in South America. It was first recorded in the UK in 2009 where it has been subjected to eradication policies. The current work outlines T. absoluta development under various UK glasshouse temperatures. The optimum temperature for Tuta development ranged from 19±23 °C. At 19 °C, there was 52% survival of T. absoluta from egg to adult. As temperature increased (23 °C and above) development time of the moth would appear to decrease.
    [Show full text]
  • PARASITIC MITES of HONEY BEES: Life History, Implications, and Impact
    Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2000. 45:519±548 Copyright q 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved. PARASITIC MITES OF HONEY BEES: Life History, Implications, and Impact Diana Sammataro1, Uri Gerson2, and Glen Needham3 1Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 501 Agricultural Sciences and Industries Building, University Park, PA 16802; e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; e-mail: [email protected] 3Acarology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, 484 W. 12th Ave., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; e-mail: [email protected] Key Words bee mites, Acarapis, Varroa, Tropilaelaps, Apis mellifera Abstract The hive of the honey bee is a suitable habitat for diverse mites (Acari), including nonparasitic, omnivorous, and pollen-feeding species, and para- sites. The biology and damage of the three main pest species Acarapis woodi, Varroa jacobsoni, and Tropilaelaps clareae is reviewed, along with detection and control methods. The hypothesis that Acarapis woodi is a recently evolved species is rejected. Mite-associated bee pathologies (mostly viral) also cause increasing losses to apiaries. Future studies on bee mites are beset by three main problems: (a) The recent discovery of several new honey bee species and new bee-parasitizing mite species (along with the probability that several species are masquerading under the name Varroa jacob- soni) may bring about new bee-mite associations and increase damage to beekeeping; (b) methods for studying bee pathologies caused by viruses are still largely lacking; (c) few bee- and consumer-friendly methods for controlling bee mites in large apiaries are available.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Tracheal Mite Infestation on Japanese Honey Bee, Apis Cerana Japonica
    J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn., 25(S1): 109-117. March 25, 2016 © The Acarological Society of Japan http://www.acarology-japan.org/ 109 Effects of tracheal mite infestation on Japanese honey bee, Apis cerana japonica Taro MAEDA* National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 1-2 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0851; Japan ABSTRACT The honey bee tracheal mite, Acarapis woodi (Acari: Tarsonemidae), is an endoparasite of honey bees. The mites feed on bee hemolymph in the tracheas of adult bees. Mite infestations cause serious damage to bee colonies. The distribution of these mites is now worldwide, from Europe to South and North America. The first recorded A. woodi infestation in the Japanese native honey bee, Apis cerana japonica, occurred in 2010. In a previous study, to determine the distribution of A. woodi in Japan, we sampled more than 350 colonies of A. cerana japonica. We found mite infestation from central to eastern Japan. On the other hand, Apis mellifera in Japan has not suffered serious mite damage. Here, to determine the effects of mite infestation on Japanese native honey bees, we investigated seasonal prevalence, mite load in the tracheal tube, and the relationship between mite prevalence and K-wing (disjointed wings). Similar to European honey bees, Japanese honey bees had a high prevalence of mite infestation in winter and a low prevalence in summer. The average mite load was about 21 or 22 mites (all stages) per trachea when all bees were infested by tracheal mites (100% mite prevalence). This mite load did not differ from that in A. mellifera. The K-wing rate was positively correlated with mite prevalence.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus Cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae)
    insects Article Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae) Gonçalo Abraços-Duarte 1,2,* , Susana Ramos 1, Fernanda Valente 1,3, Elsa Borges da Silva 1,3 and Elisabete Figueiredo 1,2,* 1 Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (F.V.); [email protected] (E.B.d.S.) 2 Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Forest Research Centre (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.A.-D.); [email protected] (E.F.) Simple Summary: Biological control (BC) is an effective way to regulate pest populations in hor- ticultural crops, allowing the decrease of pesticide usage. On tomato, predatory insects like plant bugs or mirids provide BC services against several insect pests. Native predators are adapted to local conditions of climate and ecology and therefore may be well suited to provide BC services. Dicyphus cerastii is a predatory mirid that is present in the Mediterranean region and occurs in tomato greenhouses in Portugal. However, little is known about its contribution to BC in this crop. In this study, we evaluated how prey consumption is affected by increasing prey abundance on four different prey, in laboratory conditions. We found that the predator can increase its predation rate until a maximum is reached and that prey characteristics like size and mobility can affect predation.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Trichogramma yousufi sp. nov. employed for the management of Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera litura in Indonesia Salman Khan1, Alvaro Duran2, Mohsin Ikram1, Nike Grace Hanjelina Br Sinulingga2, Wagner de Souza Tavares2,*, Betty Andriany Sirait2, Srikumar Koda Kkadan2, and Marthin Tarigan2 Abstract Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) are minute polyphagous wasps and endoparasitoids of lepidopteran eggs. The objective of this study was to identify Trichogramma species emerging from the eggs of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) attacking corn, Zea mays L. (Poaceae) in Bunga Raya, Siak, Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia, and individuals from an unidentified species obtained from a commercial laboratory in Jatisari, Karawang, West Java, Java, Indonesia. The emergence rate ofTrichogramma yousufi sp. nov. Khan & Ikram (Hyme- noptera: Trichogrammatidae) on an infestation containing eggs of both pest species, beet armyworm,Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), and the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.) (both Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn ex Benth. (Fabaceae) also was evaluated in a nursery in Pangkalan Kerinci, Riau. Two Trichogramma species, namely Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and a new species, T. yousufi sp. nov., were recovered from the eggs of O. furnacalis in Bunga Raya. Trichogramma poliae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was identified as the species reared in the laboratory in Jatisari.Trichogramma yousufi sp. nov. was compared and
    [Show full text]
  • Sensory Gene Identification in the Transcriptome of the Ectoparasitoid
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Sensory gene identifcation in the transcriptome of the ectoparasitoid Quadrastichus mendeli Zong‑You Huang, Xiao‑Yun Wang, Wen Lu & Xia‑Lin Zheng* Sensory genes play a key role in the host location of parasitoids. To date, the sensory genes that regulate parasitoids to locate gall‑inducing insects have not been uncovered. An obligate ectoparasitoid, Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), is one of the most important parasitoids of Leptocybe invasa, which is a global gall‑making pest in eucalyptus plantations. Interestingly, Q. mendeli can precisely locate the larva of L. invasa, which induces tumor‑like growth on the eucalyptus leaves and stems. Therefore, Q. mendeli–L. invasa provides an ideal system to study the way that parasitoids use sensory genes in gall‑making pests. In this study, we present the transcriptome of Q. mendeli using high‑throughput sequencing. In total, 31,820 transcripts were obtained and assembled into 26,925 unigenes in Q. mendeli. Then, the major sensory genes were identifed, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with these genes from Q. mendeli and other model insect species. Three chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 10 gustatory receptors (GRs), 21 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 58 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 30 odorant receptors (ORs) and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) were identifed in Q. mendeli by bioinformatics analysis. Our report is the frst to obtain abundant biological information on the transcriptome of Q. mendeli that provided valuable information regarding the molecular basis of Q. mendeli perception, and it may help to understand the host location of parasitoids of gall‑making pests.
    [Show full text]
  • Honey Bee Tracheal Mite, Acarapis Woodi (Rennie) (Arachnida: Acari: Tarsonemidae)1 H
    EENY-172 doi.org/10.32473/edis-in329-2000 Honey Bee Tracheal Mite, Acarapis woodi (Rennie) (Arachnida: Acari: Tarsonemidae)1 H. A. Denmark, H. L. Cromroy and M. T. Sanford2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles are found (Delfinado 1963). In the United States, it was of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms first found in Weslaco, Texas in July 1984, in New Iberia, relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of Louisiana in August 1984, and in Florida, North Dakota, interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well South Dakota, New York and Nebraska in October 1984. as academic audiences. Description Introduction Female: Length 140 to 175 microns, width 75 to 84 In October 1984, the honey bee tracheal mite, Acarapis microns. Idiosoma ovoid or nearly pyriform; dorsal shield woodi (Rennie), was found in Florida. Although it was and plates faintly sclerotized, with indistinct punctures. first described by Rennie in 1921, the mite was not found Propodosoma lacking pseudostigmatic sensilla; two pairs in the United States until 1984. Rennie described the mite of long, attenuate setae, verticals V1 and scapulars Sce. from bees on the Isle of Wight and associated it with the V1 setae shorter than Sce, about 1/4 longer than distance “Isle of Wight” disease. Symptoms of this infestation were between bases of setae Sce. Ventral apodemes I forming described as “bees crawling about unable to fly, and with Y-shaped structure with anterior median apodeme (a wings disjointed; dwindling and mortality of colonies have conspicious transverse band crossing the thorax in front of been said to occur rapidly with colonies dying within a the scutellum), not joining transverse apodeme.
    [Show full text]