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Download MARCH 1950.Pdf • Restricted to the Use of Law Enforcement Officials Federal Bureau of Investigation United States Department of Justice No.3 I J. Edgar Hoover, Director FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin MARCH 1950 Vol.19 No.3 CONTENTS Introduction, hy J. Edgar Hoover. The FBI Law En- Scientific Aids: forcement Bulletin Blood, Hair, and Fiher Analyses 2 is issued monthly to law enforcement Feature Article: agencies through- Investigation of Homicide, hy Sheriff Ed Ryan, Hennepin County, out the United Minn. .. 6 States. Much of Firearms Training: the data appearing herein is of a confi- Firearms School a Success 10 dential nature and Identification: its circulation should be restricted FBI Fingerprint Cards • . • . • . • . • . .. 14 Questionahle Pattern. (Back Cover) to law enforcement Insert­ Wanted Notices, Missing Persons, and Cancellations officers; therefore, material contained Traffic: in this Bulletin Safety Begins at Home, hy Col. Charles W. Woodson, Jr., Super- may not be re- intendent, Virginia State Police . .. 18 printed without prior authorization Crime Prevention: by the Federal Honor System Works, hy Charles M. Orme, Chief, Montgomery Bureau of Investi- County, Md., Police. .................. 21 gation. Miscellaneous: Stolen Bonds, Money, and Jewels Sought . .. 23 Wanted hy FBI, William Melvin Byrd, Conditional Release Violator . • . .. 23 Morale, hy Philip Purcell, Chief of Police, Newton, Mass. (Inside Back Cover) Published by the FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D. C. Dniteh itntes iB~pnrtm~nt of Bustic~ lbh~rnl iiur~nu of Jln\t~stigntion DlInslJington, iB. Gr. March 1, 1950 TO ALL LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIALS: I am unequivocally opposed to a national police force in the United States. The old world implications in the very words are abhorrent to me as an American. The ability of all branches of law enforcement­­local, county, state and federal­­to pool facilities and coordinate operations is proof that we need no centralized agency to insure the proper discharge of our responsibilities. The skeptic should examine the annals of law enforcement during the last war if he demands further proof. The recorded achievements are Ie gion. Every effort has been expended to direct the Federal Bureau of Investi­ gation along dual lines. It is, primarily, an investigative agency. At the same time it is in the position of being a clearinghouse or service agency for other law enforcement groups. In its first capacity the FBI investigates violations of Federal statutes. As a strictly investigative agency, it gathers the facts. These must be sifted from a mass of miscellaneous information and placed before the Attorney General, his assistants or United States Attorneys who determine whether or not the evidence obtained warrants prosecution. The service functions of the FBI are available without charge to all duly constituted law enforcement agencies. These functions include Uni­ form Crime Reporting, the Identification Division, the FBI Laboratory, and the FBI National Academy. Mutual cooperation among law enforcement agencies throughout the Na­ tion is a barrier to those who seek to destroy democracy by pitting race against race, class against class and group against group. Its existence demonstrates the fact that we need no national police force. Very truly yours, ~ ~ JOh~~g~::O~ ~ Director Blood~ Hair~ SCIENTIFIC AIDS and Fiber Analyse8 The successful investigation of crimes of violence, not only may the assailant's clothing or weapon and the successful prosecution of the offenders in­ be stained with the victim's blood, but also, in volved, are dependent upon varied factors. Very those instances where grappling and close bodily I often the examination of physical evidence in a contact occur, loose fibers from the victim's gar­ crime detection laboratory is of material assist­ ments, or hairs from his head, may adhere to the ance. offender's clothing. Conversely, clothing fibers The FBI Laboratory conducts many different and hair from the assailant may be deposited on types of examinations for local law enforcement the victim's clothing. Consequently, in crimes agencies. Like the others, the examination of involving personal contact, there is always a dis­ bloodstained articles and the identification and tinct possibility that additional circumstantial comparison of hairs and fibers, on innumerable evidence may be developed by a laboratory exami­ occasions have proved to be of definite value to nation which encompasses both bloodstain and hair officers and the court. and fiber analyses. When a crime of violence has been committed, Obviously, evidence developed by hair and fiber Microscopic examination 0/ hairtl and fibertl, FBI Laboratory. 2 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN Etlidence being examined lor bloodstains in the serological unit 0/ the FBI Laboratory. comparisons is of significance only in establish­ Charles Platt, owner of a rayon mill at Stras­ ing the fact that bodily contact occurred between burg, Va., was in his office at the plant about 1 : 30 the criminal and his victim. It is, therefore, in­ a. m. in the morning preparing a pay roll and cumbent upon investigating officers, when submit­ Christmas bonus list for his employees. ting evidence specimens to the Laboratory for As he left his office and started through an un­ hair and fiber examinations, to take every precau­ lighted corridor of the building he was attacked tion in the course of obtaining, handling, and pack­ and robbed of approximately $2,400 in pay-roll aging such articles so that absolutely no contact money and $350 of his personal funds. The victim occurs between the items belonging to the victim received a severe skull fracture, a wound from and those obtained from the suspect for compari­ which he subsequently recovered. son. It is only when such contact has been avoided MI'. Platt told investigators of the Virginia that hair and fiber examinations have any proba­ State Police that his assailant generally resembled tive value. Necessarily, then, each specimen sub­ one Reginald Ogden, a former employee at the mitted for hair and fiber analysis should be rayon mill. Ogden was taken into custody. As separately wrapped with care in order to preclude a result of a search made by the officers, blood­ any loss or transfer of adhering fibrous debris. stained clothing was found behind the rear seat of the suspect's car. When interrogated about the I Illustrative Cases bloodstains on his clothes, Ogden refused to ex­ The following cases are cited as illustrative of plain their presence or to give an account of his offenses in which blood, hair, and fiber analyses actions on the night in question. made in the FBI Laboratory proved helpful In The suspect's clothing, known samples of blood pstablishing the guilt of the defendants. and hair from the victim, and samples of scrap MA.RCH 1950 3 rayon fibers from the mill were submitted to the by guards at one of the entrances to the air base. FBI Laboratory by the Virginia State Police for The suspicions of the guards had been aroused by examinations and comparisons. It was deter­ the presence of numerous red stains on Villagran's mined by the Laboratory that the victim belonged uniform. The suspect explained that these were to blood group "0" and that group "0" human bloodstains resulting from a fight he had had that hlood was present on Ogden's trousers and jacket. night. Human blood and fragments of human head hair The sheriff's office of Champaign County, Ill., were found inside the right rear pocket of the sus­ submitted the clothing of both the victim and pect's trousers. Microscopic comparison disclosed suspect to the FBI Laboratory, together with that the hair fragments were similar in all observ­ blood and hair samples from the victim. It was able characteristics to the known head hair of determined by grouping analysis that the victim Charles Platt. It was, therefore, concluded that belonged to blood group "A.': Group "A" blood the hair fragments could have come from the was found on the suspect's shirt, tie and jacket. victim's head. The Laboratory also ascertained that hairs found Clumps of rayon fibers and yarn found adhering on Villagran's clothing were similar in all char­ t.o Ogden's trousers were compared and found to acteristics to the victim's hair and could have come be similar in all characteristics to rayon fibers and from her head. Woolen fibers present on the yarn contained in the submitted scrap material victim's clothes were similar to those composing from the mill. Villagran's khaki garments. Likewise, loose for­ The FBI Laboratory examiners testified at Og­ eign fibers removed from his clothes were found den's trial, which was held in the circuit court of to be similar to those comprising the clothing of Shenandoah County, at Woodstock, Va. The de­ the victim. fendant was found guilty of the charge of assault The defendant was brought to trial in the cir­ and battery, and sentenced to an 8-year term in cuit court of Champaign County at Urbana, Ill. the State penitentiary. The testimony of the FBI examiner was requested As can be seen from the conclusions arrived at and presented by the State at this trial. Villagran in the examination of evidence in the foregoing was convicted and sentenced to a term of 150 case, the FBI Laboratory is not able to positively years in the Illinois State Penitentiary. identify hair and fiber specimens as originating from a particular source, to the exclusion of all Submission of Evidence other sources. There are too few examinable In connection with the submission of bloodstained characteristics present in hairs and fibers to permit articles to the FBI Laboratory, it must be borne in a positive identification. By comparison of known mind that unless the blood thereon is completely and questioned hairs and fibers it is possible to dry before the specimen is wrapped, putrefaction ascertain that they are similar in all observable of the blood will occur in transit.
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