Mccrae's Battalion Trust
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Your Virtual Visit - 63 to the Australian Army Museum of Western Australia
YOUR VIRTUAL VISIT - 63 TO THE AUSTRALIAN ARMY MUSEUM OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA Throughout 2021, the Virtual Visit series will be continuing to present interesting features from the collection and their background stories. The Australian Army Museum of Western Australia is now open four days per week, Wednesday through Friday plus Sunday. Current COVID19 protocols including contact tracing will apply. National Memories of the Somme Beaumont Hamel, Delville Wood, Helen’s Tower, Thiepval An earlier Virtual Visit (VV61) focussed on the Australian remembrance of the Somme battles of July – November 1916. Other countries within the British Empire suffered similar trauma as national casualties mounted. They too chose to commemorate their sacrifice through evocative national memorials on the Somme battlefield. Newfoundland Regiment - Beaumont Hamel During the First World War, Newfoundland was a largely rural Dominion of the British Empire with a population of 240,000 people, and not yet part of Canada. In August 1914, Newfoundland recruited a battalion for service with the British Army. In a situation reminiscent of the khaki shortage facing the first WA Contingent to the Boer War, recruits in the Regiment were nicknamed the "Blue Puttees" due to the unusual colour of the puttees, chosen to give the Newfoundland Regiment a unique look and due to the unavailability of woollen khakis on the island. On 20 September 1915, the Regiment landed at Suvla Bay on the Gallipoli peninsula. At that stage of the campaign, the Newfoundland Regiment faced snipers, artillery fire and severe cold, as well as the trench warfare hazards of cholera, dysentery, typhus, gangrene and trench foot. -
Memorial at Contalmaison, France
Item no Report no CPC/ I b )03-ClVke *€DINBVRGH + THE CITY OF EDINBURGH COUNCIL Hearts Great War Memorial Fund - Memorial at Contalmaison, France The City of Edinburgh Council 29 April 2004 Purpose of report 1 This report provides information on the work being undertaken by the Hearts Great War Memorial Fund towards the establishment of a memorial at Contalmaison, France, and seeks approval of a financial contribution from the Council. Main report 2 The Hearts Great War Memorial Committee aims to establish and maintain a physical commemoration in Contalmaison, France, in November this year, of the participation of the Edinburgh l!jthand 16th Battalions of the Royal Scots at the Battle of the Somme. 3 Members of the Regiment had planned the memorial as far back as 1919 but, for a variety of reasons, this was not progressed and the scheme foundered because of a lack of funds. 4 There is currently no formal civic acknowledgement of the two City of Edinburgh Battalions, Hearts Great War Memorial Committee has, therefore, revived the plan to establish, within sight of the graves of those who died in the Battle of the Somme, a memorial to commemorate the sacrifice made by Sir George McCrae's Battalion and the specific role of the players and members of the Heart of Midlothian Football Club and others from Edinburgh and the su rround i ng a reas. 5 It is hoped that the memorial cairn will be erected in the town of Contalmaison, to where the 16thRoyal Scots advanced on the first day of the battle of the 1 Somme in 1916. -
Tour Sheets Final04-05
Great War Battlefields Study Tour Briefing Notes & Activity Sheets Students Name briefing notes one Introduction The First World War or Great War was a truly terrible conflict. Ignored for many years by schools, the advent of the National Curriculum and the GCSE system reignited interest in the period. Now, thousands of pupils across the United Kingdom study the 1914-18 era and many pupils visit the battlefield sites in Belgium and France. Redevelopment and urban spread are slowly covering up these historic sites. The Mons battlefields disappeared many years ago, very little remains on the Ypres Salient and now even the Somme sites are under the threat of redevelopment. In 25 years time it is difficult to predict how much of what you see over the next few days will remain. The consequences of the Great War are still being felt today, in particular in such trouble spots as the Middle East, Northern Ireland and Bosnia.Many commentators in 1919 believed that the so-called war to end all wars was nothing of the sort and would inevitably lead to another conflict. So it did, in 1939. You will see the impact the war had on a local and personal level. Communities such as Grimsby, Hull, Accrington, Barnsley and Bradford felt the impact of war particularly sharply as their Pals or Chums Battalions were cut to pieces in minutes during the Battle of the Somme. We will be focusing on the impact on an even smaller community, our school. We will do this not so as to glorify war or the part oldmillhillians played in it but so as to use these men’s experiences to connect with events on the Western Front. -
Montage Fiches Rando
Leaflet Walks and hiking trails Haute-Somme and Poppy Country 8 Around the Thiepval Memorial (Autour du Mémorial de Thiepval) Peaceful today, this Time: 4 hours 30 corner of Picardy has become an essential Distance: 13.5 km stage in the Circuit of Route: challenging Remembrance. Leaving from: Car park of the Franco-British Interpretation Centre in Thiepval Thiepval, 41 km north- east of Amiens, 8 km north of Albert Abbeville Thiepval Albert Péronne Amiens n i z a Ham B . C Montdidier © 1 From the car park, head for the Bois d’Authuille. The carnage of 1st July 1916 church. At the crossroads, carry After the campsite, take the Over 58 000 victims in just straight on along the D151. path on your right and continue one day: such is the terrible Church of Saint-Martin with its as far as the village. Turn left toll of the confrontation war memorial built into its right- toward the D151. between the British 4th t Army and the German hand pillar. One of the many 3 Walk up the street opposite s 1st Army, fewer in number military pilgrimages to Poppy (Rue d’Ovillers) and keep going e r but deeply entrenched. Country, the emblematic flower as far as the crossroads. e Their machine guns mowed of the “Tommies”. By going left, you can cut t down the waves of infantrymen n At the cemetery, follow the lane back to Thiepval. i as they mounted attacks. to the left, ignoring adjacent Take the lane going right, go f Despite the disaster suffered paths, as far as the hamlet of through the Bois de la Haie and O by the British, the battle Saint-Pierre-Divion. -
Memorials to Scots Who Fought on the Western Front in World War One
Memorials to Scots who fought on the Western Front in World War One Across Flanders and France there are many memorials to those of all nations Finding the memorials who fell in World War One. This map is intended to assist in identifying those for The map on the next page shows the general location on the the Scots who made the ultimate sacrifice during the conflict. Western Front of the memorials for Scottish regiments or Before we move to France and Flanders, let’s take a look at Scotland’s National battalions. If the memorial is in a Commonwealth War Graves War Memorial. Built following World War One, the memorial stands at the Commission Cemetery then that website will give you directions. highest point in Edinburgh Castle. Designed by Sir Robert Lorimer and funded by donations, the memorial is an iconic building. Inside are recorded the names of all Scots who fell in World War One and all subsequent For other memorials and for road maps you could use an conflicts while serving in the armed forces of the United online map such as ViaMichelin. Kingdom and the Empire, in the Merchant Navy, women’s and nursing services, as well as civilians killed at home and overseas. What the memorials commemorate The descriptions of the memorials in this list are designed to give you a brief outline of what and who is being commemorated. By using the QR code provided you will be taken to a website that will tell you a bit more. Don’t forget there are likely to be many more websites in various formats that will provide similar information and by doing a simple search you may find one that is more suitable for your interest. -
Tanks at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette, September 1916
“A useful accessory to the infantry, but nothing more” Tanks at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette, September 1916 Andrew McEwen he Battle of Flers-Courcelette Fuller was similarly unkind about the Tstands out in the broader memory Abstract: The Battle of Flers- tanks’ initial performance. In his Tanks of the First World War due to one Courcelette is chiefly remembered in the Great War, Fuller wrote that the as the combat introduction of principal factor: the debut of the tanks. The prevailing historiography 15 September attack was “from the tank. The battle commenced on 15 maligns their performance as a point of view of tank operations, not September 1916 as a renewed attempt lacklustre debut of a weapon which a great success.”3 He, too, argued that by the general officer commanding held so much promise for offensive the silver lining in the tanks’ poor (GOC) the British Expeditionary warfare. However, unit war diaries showing at Flers-Courcelette was that and individual accounts of the battle Force (BEF) General Douglas Haig suggest that the tank assaults of 15 the battle served as a field test to hone to break through German lines on September 1916 were far from total tank tactics and design for future the Somme front. Flers-Courcelette failures. This paper thus re-examines deployment.4 One of the harshest shares many familiar attributes the role of tanks in the battle from verdicts on the tanks’ debut comes with other Great War engagements: the perspective of Canadian, British from the Canadian official history. and New Zealand infantry. It finds troops advancing across a shell- that, rather than disappointing Allied It commented that “on the whole… blasted landscape towards thick combatants, the tanks largely lived the armour in its initial action failed German defensive lines to capture up to their intended role of infantry to carry out the tasks assigned to it.” a few square kilometres of barren support. -
September 1916
SEPTEMBER 1916 TANKS TRY TO END STALEMATE September 1916 saw many persistent British attacks and enemy counterattacks around individual German strongholds (sometimes for the second or third time) - Delville Wood, Pozieres, Mouquet Farm, Guillemont, Ginchy, Morval, Thiepval and Flers-Courcelette. Each site became a charnel house choked with dead from both sides, men were stretched to the limit of their physical and mental endurance. On 15th September, at Flers, tanks were first used in battle. Few in number (49), mechanically unreliable and with no proven tactical plan for their best use, they did have a devastating effect - 4,000 yards were captured in one day. Haig and his Generals did not know how close they were to a breakthrough, so they kept the Cavalry in reserve. Of the 27 tanks that reached the front line only 3 were serviceable the next day. Conditions inside were appalling. Many succumbed to artillery fire, mechanical breakdown and uneven ground. Nevertheless, Haig ordered 1,000 more for future battles, he was grimly determined to keep pressure on his tenacious foe. The Battle of the Somme cost at least 128,000 British and Empire lives - an average of 900 a day. The community of Wilmslow alone was to lose 7 this month. Private Harold Austin of the 20th Battalion Manchester’s (17286) died on 3rd September 1916, aged 18. He had lived with his father Joseph (a salesman for a cotton manufacturer), mother Amelia and 2 brothers at Rydal Mount near Lindow Cricket Club and is commemorated at Thiepval, St John's, St Bartholomew’s and on the civic memorial. -
Wfdwa-Rsl-181112
SURNAME FIRST NAMES RANK at Death REGIMENT UNIT WHERE BORN BORN STATE HONOURS DOD (DD MMM) YOD (YYYY) COD PLACE OF DEATH COUNTRY A'HEARN Edward John Private Australian Infantry, AIF 44th Bn Wilcannia NSW 4 Oct 1917 KIA In the field Belgium AARONS John Fullarton Private Australian Infantry, AIF 16th Bn Hillston NSW 11 Jul 1917 DOW (Wounds) In the field France Manchester, ABBERTON Edmund Sapper Australian Engineers 3rd Div Signal Coy England 6 Nov 1918 DOI (Illness, acute) 1 AAH, Harefield England Lancashire ABBOTT Charles Edgar Lance Corporal Australian Infantry, AIF 11th Bn Avoca Victoria 30 May 1916 KIA - France ABBOTT Charles Henry Sapper Australian Engineers 3rd Tunnelling Coy Maryborough Victoria 26 May 1917 DOW (Wounds) In the field France ABBOTT Henry Edgar Private Australian Army Medical Corp10th AFA Burra or Hoylton SA 12 Oct 1917 KIA In the field Belgium ABBOTT Oliver Oswald Private Australian Infantry, AIF 11th Bn Hoyleton SA 22 Aug 1916 KIA Mouquet Farm France ABBOTT Robert Private Australian Infantry, AIF 11th Bn Malton, Yorkshire England 25 Jul 1916 KIA France France ABOLIN Martin Private Australian Infantry, AIF 44th Bn Riga Russia 10 Jun 1917 KIA - Belgium ABRAHAM William Strong Private Australian Infantry, AIF 11th Bn Mepunga, WarnnamboVictoria 25 Jul 1916 KIA - France Southport, ABRAM Richard Private Australian Infantry, AIF 28th Bn England 29 Jul 1916 Declared KIA Pozieres France Lancashire ACKLAND George Henry Private Royal Warwickshireshire Reg14th Bn N/A N/A 8 Feb 1919 DOI (Illness, acute) - England Manchester, ACKROYD -
On the Western Front, 1915-18
WAITING FOR THE 'G' A RE-EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF THE BRITISH CAVALRY ON THE WESTERN FRONT, 1915-18 b~ MAJOR RICHARD L. BOWES A thesis submitted to the War Studies Cornmittee of the Royal hlilitary College of Canada in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Royal MSîtary Coliege of Canada Kingston, Ontario 20 May 2000 Copyright Q Richard Bowes, 2000 National Libfary Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 WeUington çtieet 395. nie Wellington Ottawa ON KtAON4 OîîawaON KlAûN4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Lïbmy of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, districbute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othexwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. 1 would like to acknowledge rny indebtedness to the many personalities who supported and assisted me in the writing of this thesis. Of course, 1 would like to thank my thesis supervisor, Dr. Ron Haycock, who graciously took time out of his busy schedule as Dean of Arts at the Royal Military College of Canada to take on the extra responsibility of providing me with guidance and support throughout the research and writing phases of my journey. -
Learning Lessons? Fifth Army Tank Operations, 1916-1917 – Jake Gasson
Learning Lessons? Fifth Army Tank Operations, 1916-1917 – Jake Gasson Introduction On 15 September 1916, a new weapon made its battlefield debut at Flers-Courcelette on the Somme – the tank. Its debut, primarily under the Fourth Army, has overshadowed later deployments of the tank on the Somme, particularly those under General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough’s Reserve Army, or Fifth Army as it came to be known after 30 October 1916. Gough’s operations against Thiepval and beside the Ancre made small scale usage of tanks as auxiliaries to the infantry, but have largely been ignored in historiography.1 Similarly, Gough’s employment of tanks the following spring in April 1917 at Bullecourt has only been cursorily discussed for the Australian distrust in tanks created by the debacle.2 The value in examining these further is twofold. Firstly, the examination of operations on the Somme through the case studies of Thiepval and Beaumont-Hamel presents a more positive appraisal of the tank’s impact than analysis confined to Flers-Courcelette, such as J.F.C. Fuller’s suggestion that their impact was more as the ‘birthday of a new epoch’ on 15 September than concrete success.3 Secondly, Gough’s tank operations shed a new light onto the notion of the ‘learning curve’, the idea that the British Army became a more effective ‘instrument of war’ through its experience on the Somme.4 This goes beyond the well-trodden infantry and artillery tactics, and the study of campaigns in isolation. Gough’s operations from Thiepval to Bullecourt highlight the inter-relationship between theory and practice, the distinctive nature 1 David J. -
Stamp Has Described How Lutyens Designed the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme
‘Stamp has described how Lutyens designed the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme. His book is as restrained, and as “saturated in melancholy” as the monument itself. Far more than a work of pure architectural history, this beautifully poignant book illuminates the tragedy of the Great War, and tells us much about its aftermath. It is a truly classical piece of prose, a tragic chorus on the Somme which reverberates on the battlefields of today’ A. N. Wilson ‘A brilliant achievement … I felt instantly at one with [the] approach and treatment. It was such a clever idea … to treat Lutyens through Thiepval.’ John Keegan ‘An invaluable, detailed and illuminating study of how the memorial came to be built and how its effects are achieved’ Geoff Dyer, Guardian ‘Stamp’s book is devoted to a single one of the thousands of memorials that now dot the battlefield, Lutyens’s stupendous arch at Thiepval that records the names of over 73,000 British and South African soldiers who were killed on the Somme but have no known graves. As a piece of architectural analysis, it is impressive’ M. R. D. Foot, Spectator ‘A passionate and unusual book … [an] eloquent account of the genius of the vision of Lutyens … who created in the Monument to the Missing at Thiepval the central metaphor of a generation’s experience of appalling loss’ Tim Gardham, Observer ‘Moving and eloquent’ Nigel Jones, Literary Review ‘A book of remarkable emotional restraint’ Jonathan Meades, New Statesman ‘Gavin Stamp considers the building both as a piece of architecture and as a monument of profound cultural resonance’ London Review of Books ‘Succinct and masterly … [a] remarkable book’ Kenneth Powell, Architects Journal ‘Brilliantly lucid … Stamp is a marvellous writer, and brings every aspect of this monument and its story under lively scrutiny’ Jeremy Musson, Country Life ‘A poignant reminder’ Mark Bostridge, Independent on Sunday ‘The Memorial to the Missing of the Somme distils the first world war into the story of Lutyens’s great but under- celebrated monument at Thiepval. -
Hindenburgline Project
Newsletter #5 // december 2014 stichting.fondation.foundation.stiftung HIndenbuRglIne pRoject . UPDATE: We’re hard at work on the contents of our book and making . Team: Besides the collaboration of our excellent French translator, steady progress on both the text and the photography. As you know, our Valérie Charbey of Alphen a/d Rijn, we have also invited two other project is based on places described in diaries and letters written by translators (on the basis of sample translations) to enrich our soldiers who at some point were stationed on the Western Front, men who team: Hanna Kok-Ahrens (of Vertaalwerk Duits, Hilversum) for the never lost sight of their sense of humanity. We visited and photographed Dutch/German translation and Nancy Forest-Flier (of Forest-Flier a large number of those places in 2014: the ‘Westhoek’ of Belgium as well Editorial Services, Alkmaar) for the Dutch/English translation. The as northern France around Arras and the infamous Vimy Ridge, the area final editing of the book will be undertaken by the Dutch language northwest and south of Verdun and finally the area around Orbey in the specialist Josette van Heck of Tilburg. Vosges. This coming December we’ll be working around Péronne along the Somme. The accompanying map provides a brief glimpse of the places . Hindenburgline Project >> supported by (in progress) we’ve already visited or plan to visit (93 so far!), a selection of which will With a sympathetic contribution from the famous German firm be included in the book (around 50) and/or the exhibition. Leica Camera AG, and with the De Pont museum in Tilburg as our next partner in the project’s exhibition segment, we have come .