DOCSLIB.ORG

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia No. 27 Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ACTA ASIATICA VARSOVIENSIA NO. 27 ACTA ASIATICA VARSOVIENSIA Editor-in-Chief Board of Advisory Editors MARIA ROMAN S£AWIÑSKI NGUYEN QUANG THUAN KENNETH OLENIK Subject Editor ABDULRAHMAN AL-SALIMI OLGA BARBASIEWICZ JOLANTA SIERAKOWSKA-DYNDO BOGDAN SK£ADANEK Statistical Editor LEE MING-HUEI MARTA LUTY-MICHALAK ZHANG HAIPENG Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures Polish Academy of Sciences ACTA ASIATICA VARSOVIENSIA NO. 27 ASKON Publishers Warsaw 2014 Secretary Nicolas Levi English Text Consultant James Todd © Copyright by Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 2014 Printed in Poland This edition prepared, set and published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe ASKON Sp. z o.o. Stawki 3/1, 00193 Warszawa tel./fax: (+48) 22 635 99 37 www.askon.waw.pl [email protected] PL ISSN 08606102 ISBN 978837452080–5 ACTA ASIATICA VARSOVIENSIA is abstracted in The Central European Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Index Copernicus To the memory of Professor Karin Tomala Whom we lost for ever Contents ARTICLES OLGA BARBASIEWICZ, The Cooperation of Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo Regarding the Financial Support for the War with Russia (19041905). Analysis of Schiff and Takahashis Private Correspondence and Diaries ............................................................................ 9 KAROLINA BROMA-SMENDA, Enjo-kôsai (compensated dating) in Contemporary Japanese Society as Seen through the Lens of the Play Call Me Komachi ........................................................................ 19 EMIL CIECIEL¥G, The Confucian Elements in the Book of Five Rings .................................................................................................. 41 MA£GORZATA CITKO, Ancient Japanese Poetry in Early Medieval Poetic Discourse Appropriation of the Manyôshû in Selected Poems of Princess Shikishi ............................................................................ 55 VERONICA GASPAR, History of a Cultural Conquest: The Piano in Japan ......................................................................................... 83 BEATA KOWALCZYK, Literary Response to Crisis Elements of Analytic Autoethnography in Tawada Yôkos After Fukushima. Journal of Trembling Days ............................................................................ 99 FORUM MITHANI, New Heroines for a New Era? Single Mothers in Contemporary Japanese Television Drama.............................................. 111 ANDREA REVELANT, Economic Growth and Tax Inequality in Japan: Evidence from World War I .......................................................................... 131 PARK SUNYONG, Consumption of an Expedition: Media Perceptions of Kyoto Universitys Expedition to Mt. Baekdu ........................................ 149 LEON WOLFF, Japanese Law Goes Pop ................................................................ 165 BOOK REVIEWS Patrick Hein, How the Japanese Became Foreign to Themselves. The Impact of Globalization on the Private and Public Spheres in Japan rev. Olga Barbasiewicz............................................................................... 185 Osamu Hattori, Viktoria Eschnach-Szabo, Martina Ebi (eds.), Japan and Japanese People. Views from a Transcultural Perspective. A Joint Project of Doshisha University and Eberhard Karls University Tübingen rev. Olga Barbasiewicz............................................ 186 Notes on Contributors ................................................................................................. 188 The Cooperation of Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo Regarding the Financial Support 9 ACTA ASIATICA VARSOVIENSIA No. 27, 2014 PL ISSN 08606102 OLGA BARBASIEWICZ The Cooperation of Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo Regarding the Financial Support for the War with Russia (19041905) Analysis of Schiff and Takahashis Private Correspondence and Diaries Abstract This paper presents the problem which the Japanese Government had in gaining financial support for the war with Russia (19041905). It is based on the private correspondence and diaries of Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo, which provide a closer look at the problem of conducting the war. It also shows the first moment when Japan confirmed its position as a world power, becoming the first Asian country which was treated as an equal partner by the Western powers. Introduction The Russo-Japanese War of 19041905 was broadly described in numerous papers. The incredible victory of the Japanese army over Russias brought Japan into the club of leading countries and confirmed its position in the world. Nevertheless, not much has been written about the financial recourses that were used for waging the war. At the beginning of the 20th century, Japan was still conducting its modernization under the rule of Emperor Meiji. This modernization was visible in all spheres from daily life, to policy, economy and business. In 1904 Japan was only 36 years after the start of the Meiji Restoration. So, the main aim of this article is to answer this question: how was it possible to gain financial support for the war with Russia, and how did Japanese-American relations help to win the victory in this war? The aforementioned question of Japanese-American relations is relevant, because they always seemed to be unequal, and emphasized the power of the United States over the other countries, especially those from Asia. Regarding this problem, the next question that arises is: how was it possible to gain American support for Japans war with Russia? To answer those questions I will analyze the correspondence and private diaries of two people who contributed towards the financial support of the war, namely Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo. Takahashi Korekiyo and Jacob Schiff The Meiji Restoration in Japan included numerous reforms, including the adoption of the yen as the official currency in 1871, and one year later the introduction of the National 10 OLGA BARBASIEWICZ Bank Regulation (Kokuritsu ginkô jôrei), which formed the basis for the establishment of the Japanese financial system.1 In 1880 the Yokohama Specie Bank (Yokohama Shôkin Ginkô) was established, and a year later the Bank of Japan (Nippon Ginkô) started its activity.2 Although the bank was a private venture, it was controlled by the government. In 1883 this institution was given a monopoly on controlling the money supply, and so the other banks were transformed into commercial banks.3 The regulations which controlled the banks activities were patterned after British models. In 1885 the first emission of the banknotes issued by the Bank of Japan took place. Two years later Japan adopted the gold standard4, which allowed financial transactions to be conducted worldwide. Takahashi Korekiyo became the seventh president of the Bank of Japan, and during his activity as vice-president of this institution, he gained funds for the warfare with Russia. Takahashi Korekiyo was born on July 27, 1854 in Edo (the former name of Tokyo). From the early years of his life he studied English. In 1866 he gained a job as a dogsbody in the London India and Chain Bank, which won him a scholarship to continue his English studies in the United States of America.5 After a two-year stay abroad, he came back to Tokyo, and under the supervision of the politician and minister of education Mori Arinori he continued his studies at the Nankô University (the former name of the University of Tokyo). In 1872 Takahashi started his job as an interpreter in the Ministry of Finance, and one year later he moved to the Ministry of Education. After the establishment of the Institute of Trademark Registration as a part of the Engineering Department in the Ministry of Agriculture and Trade in 1884, it was headed by Takahashi.6 This led him on another journey, this time to Europe and the United States, the aim of which was the preparation of a new patent law in Japan. In 1889, Takahashi became the head of the Patent Department, but in the same year he left Japan for Peru to run a silver mine. When this venture fell through, he got a position as the head of the construction office of a new seat of the bank, and then its employee, thanks to Kawada Koichirô, the then President of the Bank of Japan.7 During the First Sino- -Japanese war (18941895) Takahashi was responsible for investing in the bond market of the Bank of Japan, through which the state budget could gain the funds it needed to prosecute the war with China.8 After this armed conflict, Takahashi was moved to the Yokohama Specie Bank, which became an important institution in the international business brokerage thanks to his activities. In 1889, Takahashi went on another journey abroad, and one year later he took the position of vice-president of the Bank of Japan. His main task was to gain financial support for the increased expenditures on armaments, associated with the approaching war with Russia. To acquire foreign capital just after war 1 Micha³ Ko³odziejski, Takahashi Korekiyo (18541936) a gospodarka miêdzywojennej Japonii [Takahashi Korekiyo (18541936) and the Japanese Interwar Economy], Warszawa: Trio, 2004, pp. 1819. 2 Ibid., p. 19. 3 http://www.boj.or.jp/about/outline/history/his_1850.htm/ (accessed 20.01.2014). 4 The gold standard was the first international monetary system in which the unit of account was based on a given amount of gold. 5 Ko³odziejski, Takahashi Korekiyo..., pp. 2627. 6 Ibid., p. 31. 7 Ibid., p. 33. 8 Ibid., p. 3334. The Cooperation of Jacob Schiff and Takahashi Korekiyo Regarding the
Recommended publications
  • Japanese Immigration History

    Japanese Immigration History

    CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE EARLY JAPANESE IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES DURING MEIJI TO TAISHO ERA (1868–1926) By HOSOK O Bachelor of Arts in History Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 2000 Master of Arts in History University of Central Oklahoma Edmond, Oklahoma 2002 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2010 © 2010, Hosok O ii CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE EARLY JAPANESE IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES DURING MEIJI TO TAISHO ERA (1868–1926) Dissertation Approved: Dr. Ronald A. Petrin Dissertation Adviser Dr. Michael F. Logan Dr. Yonglin Jiang Dr. R. Michael Bracy Dr. Jean Van Delinder Dr. Mark E. Payton Dean of the Graduate College iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For the completion of my dissertation, I would like to express my earnest appreciation to my advisor and mentor, Dr. Ronald A. Petrin for his dedicated supervision, encouragement, and great friendship. I would have been next to impossible to write this dissertation without Dr. Petrin’s continuous support and intellectual guidance. My sincere appreciation extends to my other committee members Dr. Michael Bracy, Dr. Michael F. Logan, and Dr. Yonglin Jiang, whose intelligent guidance, wholehearted encouragement, and friendship are invaluable. I also would like to make a special reference to Dr. Jean Van Delinder from the Department of Sociology who gave me inspiration for the immigration study. Furthermore, I would like to give my sincere appreciation to Dr. Xiaobing Li for his thorough assistance, encouragement, and friendship since the day I started working on my MA degree to the completion of my doctoral dissertation.
  • UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations

    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations

    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Exponent of Breath: The Role of Foreign Evangelical Organizations in Combating Japan's Tuberculosis Epidemic of the Early 20th Century Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32d241sf Author Perelman, Elisheva Avital Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The Exponent of Breath: The Role of Foreign Evangelical Organizations in Combating Japan’s Tuberculosis Epidemic of the Early 20th Century By Elisheva Avital Perelman A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Andrew E. Barshay, Chair Professor John Lesch Professor Alan Tansman Fall 2011 © Copyright by Elisheva Avital Perelman 2011 All Rights Reserved Abstract The Role of Foreign Evangelical Organizations in Combating Japan’s Tuberculosis Epidemic of the Early 20th Century By Elisheva Avital Perelman Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Andrew E. Barshay, Chair Tuberculosis existed in Japan long before the arrival of the first medical missionaries, and it would survive them all. Still, the epidemic during the period from 1890 until the 1920s proved salient because of the questions it answered. This dissertation analyzes how, through the actions of the government, scientists, foreign evangelical leaders, and the tubercular themselves, a nation defined itself and its obligations to its subjects, and how foreign evangelical organizations, including the Young Men’s Christian Association (the Y.M.C.A.) and The Salvation Army, sought to utilize, as much as to assist, those in their care.
  • Joseph Heco and the Origin of Japanese Journalism*

    Joseph Heco and the Origin of Japanese Journalism*

    Journalism and Mass Communication, Mar.-Apr. 2020, Vol. 10, No. 2, 89-101 doi: 10.17265/2160-6579/2020.02.003 D DAVID PUBLISHING Joseph Heco and the Origin of Japanese Journalism* WANG Hai, YU Qian, LIANG Wei-ping Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China Joseph Heco, with the original Japanese name of Hamada Hikozo, played an active role in the diplomatic, economic, trade, and cultural interactions between the United States and Japan in the 1850s and 1860s. Being rescued from a shipwreck by an American freighter and taken to San Francisco in the 1850s, Heco had the chance to experience the advanced industrial civilization. After returning to Japan, he followed the example of the U.S. newspapers to start the first Japanese newspaper Kaigai Shimbun (Overseas News), introducing Western ideas into Japan and enabling Japanese people under the rule of the Edo bakufu/shogunate to learn about the great changes taking place outside the island. In the light of the historical background of the United States forcing Japan to open up, this paper expounds on Joseph Heco’s life experience and Kaigai Shimbun, the newspaper he founded, aiming to explain how Heco, as the “father of Japanese journalism”, promoted the development of Japanese newspaper industry. Keywords: Joseph Heco (Hamada Hikozo), Kaigai Shimbun, origin of Japanese journalism Early Japanese newspapers originated from the “kawaraban” (瓦版) at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1615, this embryonic form of newspapers first appeared in the streets of Osaka. This single-sided leaflet-like thing was printed irregularly and was made by printing on paper with tiles which was carved with pictures and words and then fired and shaped.
  • UCLA HISTORICAL JOURNAL Vol

    UCLA HISTORICAL JOURNAL Vol

    Towazugatari Makiko Fugiwara Japanese literary works of the Kamakura period (1185-1392) are often regarded as a degeneration of aristocratic literature or the rise of a new common people's literature. Contemporaries viewed this popularization of literature as a lowering of literary quality. Even the term shominteki bungaki (literature of the common people) has a negative connotation. Towazugatari, written by Lady Nij5 in about 1307, is a work which transcends this degeneration and manifests the transitional characteristics of Kamakura literature in a positive manner. Towazugatari is perhaps one of the most significant works of medieval Japan next to the Tale ofGenji, which was so popular during the Heian period. The late Heian court, which preceded the Kamakura court, was characterized by its pessimism, despite a flowering of aristocratic culture. This was partly due to the decline in the power of the central government. As the old order began to crumble, a new warrior class took its place. This shift to a feudal type structure was evident during the Kamakura period. The ultimate manifestation of Heian pessimism can be found in the recurrent idea of mujo (impermanence) in Heian court literature where death was regarded not as a gruesome event, but as an artistic one. In waka poetry, Heian court aristocrats found the possibility of eliciting a beauty from death that transformed it into something positive rather than negative.' Makiko Fujiwara received a M.Phil, from the University of Sheffield in England and a M.A. degree from the Department of Oriental Languages at UCLA. She is currently working on a Ph.D.
  • Wind Bands and Cultural Identity in Japanese Schools (Landscapes

    Wind Bands and Cultural Identity in Japanese Schools (Landscapes

    Wind Bands and Cultural Identity in Japanese Schools Landscapes: the Arts, Aesthetics, and Education VOLUME 9 SERIES EDITOR Liora Bresler, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, U.S.A. EDITORIAL BOARD Eeva Antilla, Theatre Academy, Helsinki, Finland Magne Espeland, Stord University, Norway Samuel Leong, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong Minette Mans, International Consultant, Windhoek, Namibia Gary McPherson, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, U.S.A. Jonothan Neelands, University of Warwick, UK Mike Parsons, The Ohio State University, U.S.A. Shifra Schonmann, University of Haifa, Israel Julian Sefton-Green, University of Nottingham, UK Susan W. Stinson, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, U.S.A. Christine Thompson, Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A. SCOPE This series aims to provide conceptual and empirical research in arts education, (including music, visual arts, drama, dance, media, and poetry), in a variety of areas related to the post-modern paradigm shift. The changing cultural, historical, and political contexts of arts education are recognized to be central to learning, experience, and knowledge. The books in this series present theories and methodological approaches used in arts education research as well as related disciplines - including philosophy, sociology, anthropology and psychology of arts education. For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6199 David G. Hebert Wind Bands and Cultural Identity in Japanese Schools 13 David G. Hebert, Ph.D. Grieg Academy, Faculty of Education Bergen University College P.O. Box 7030 Nyga˚rdsgaten 112 N-5020 Bergen, Norway [email protected] ISBN 978-94-007-2177-7 e-ISBN 978-94-007-2178-4 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2178-4 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011937238 # Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
  • The Historical Journey of Japanese Christianity to the Brink of Modern Japan

    The Historical Journey of Japanese Christianity to the Brink of Modern Japan

    Running head: THREAD IN JAPAN’S HISTORY 1 A Thread In Japan’s History: The Historical Journey Of Japanese Christianity to the Brink of Modern Japan Rebecca Velker A Senior Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation in the Honors Program Liberty University Spring 2013 THREAD IN JAPAN’S HISTORY 2 Acceptance of Senior Honors Thesis This Senior Honors Thesis is accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation from the Honors Program of Liberty University. ______________________________ Timothy Saxon, Ph.D. Thesis Chair ______________________________ Donna Donald, M.A. Committee Member ______________________________ Brenda Ayres, Ph.D. Committee Member ______________________________ James Nutter, D.A Honors Director ______________________________ Date THREAD IN JAPAN’S HISTORY 3 Abstract A Jesuit missionary named Francis Xavier pioneered the Christian faith in Japan in 1549. Japan was open to the gospel, and many missionaries followed Francis Xavier. Japanese people from a wide range of social standings supported Christianity for a variety of reasons. The Tokugawa government soon viewed Christianity as a threat to the authority of the Japanese government. Japan persecuted the Christians and the Japanese church was driven underground. Over two hundred years later during the Meiji Restoration, Japan altered its policies towards the West and tolerated Christianity in Japan. Despite never being fully welcomed, the Christian belief resonated with many well-educated Japanese men. Some of the most well educated men in Japan became Christians and their work influenced the formation of Japan during a crucial time in its history. These men’s goal to develop Christianity in Japan helped shape Japan as a nation and develop Modern Japan.
  • In Modern Japanese Literature: ‘Changelings’ from Irish Fairy Folklore in Hiroko Katayama’S Works Izumi Nagai

    In Modern Japanese Literature: ‘Changelings’ from Irish Fairy Folklore in Hiroko Katayama’S Works Izumi Nagai

    The Reception of ‘A Fairy’ in Modern Japanese Literature: ‘Changelings’ from Irish fairy folklore in Hiroko Katayama’s Works Izumi Nagai （ abstract） This paper focuses on the word ‘ma’ (魔 ), meaning ‘an evil spirit’, in works by the Japanese tanka poet and translator Hiroko Katayama (1878–1957). Hiroko translated the word ‘fairy’ from Irish plays into ‘魔 ’ and ‘魔物’ in Japanese. She used the word ‘魔 ’ in her tanka poems that can be interpreted as representing Hiroko’s wish to be tempted by an evil spirit. Moreover, she writes certain tanka poems that can be interpreted as representations of ‘changelings’. Japanese tanka poet and translator Hiroko Katayama Hiroko Katayama was born in 1878 in Tokyo and died in 1957. Although Hiroko never travelled outside Japan during her lifetime, she was familiar with Western culture and began learning English when she was five years old because her father was a diplomat who was stationed in China, England and the United States. Beginning at the age of ten, she was educated for seven years at Toyo Eiwa Jogakuin, a private mission school. The school was opened by a missionary sent on behalf of the Woman's Missionary Society of the Methodist Church of Canada. After graduating, she became the pupil of the famous poet and scholar Sasaki Nobutsuna, from whom she learned Japanese classical literature and how to write tanka poetry. Then she submitted tanka poems, essays and translations to be published in the literary journal Kokoro no Hana, edited by Nobutsuna. At that time, she was recognised as one of the representative poets of this coterie of writers.
  • Back Roads to Far Towns, 15

    Back Roads to Far Towns, 15

    ■ ■— M •• ■ . *:T /- :A A- BACK ROADS gflTif;::,: TO FAR TOWNS i Basko’s 0 K U-NO-HOS 0 MICHI - i ■ \ ’ 1 ■v j> - iS§ : i1 if £i mf■ - •V ■;;! $SjK A . ; *4. I - ■- ■ ■■ -i ■ :: Y& 0 ■ 1A with a translation and. notes by - '■-'A--- $8? CID CORMAN and KAMAIKE SUSUMU $ 1 ;vr-: m \ I mm5 is f i f BACK ROADS TO FAR TOWNS Bashd’s 0 K U-NO -HO SO MICHI with a translation and notes by CID CORMAN and KAMAIKE SUSUMU • • • • A Mushinsha Limited Book Published by Grossman Publishers : Distributed in Japan by Charles E. Tuttle Co., Inc. Suido 1-chome, 2-6, Bunkyo-ku, > Tokyo, Japan i First published in The United States of America in 1968 by Grossman Publishers Inc. 125 A East 19th Street New York, New York 10003 ; Designed and produced by Mushinsha Limited, IRM/Rosei Bldg., 4, Higashi Azabu 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Copyright, 1968, by Cid ! Corman. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan. First edition, 1968 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 67-26108 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction, 7 Translators’ Preface, 11 Pronunciation Guide, 12 Back Roads to Far Towns, 15 Notes, 157 Map, 174 : m im mi t INTRODUCTION early one spring morning in 1689 basho Ac­ companied by his friend and disciple Sora set forth from Edo (old Tokyo) on the long nine-month journey which was to take them through the backlands and highlands north of the capital and then west to the Japan Sea coast and along it until they turned inland again towards Lake Biwa (near Kyoto).
  • American Missionaries in Yokohama

    American Missionaries in Yokohama

    American Missionaries in Yokohama Noriyoshi Kobayashi Yokohama, one of the most important port-cities in Japan, has been the gateway to Western civilization, and the base of missionary activities since the opening of Japan's seclusion at the end of the Tokugawa period (1603-1867). Just after the port of Yokohama was opened in June, 1859, some Christian missionaries came, and stayed in Kanagawa, three miles away to the east of Yokohama beyond an inlet, because Kanagawa was designated as one of the foreign settlements in the treaty of 1858 between Japan and the United States. However, the Tokugawa Goverment regarded Yokohama, a small village at that time, as a good port of defence for foreigners against Japanese attackers rather than Kanagawa which was a resting place on the Tokaido Highway near to the Capital Yedo, now Tokyo, where there were many anti-foreign samurai. Therefore, the Government intently built the foreign settlement in Yokohama, insisting that Yokohama was a part of Kanagawa, but the treaty powers•\Britain, France, the United States and Holland•\placed their con- sulates in some Buddhist temples in Kanagawa according to the treaty, and the missionaries stayed at two Buddhist temples there, too. On October 17, 1859, Dr. James Curtis Hepburn (1815-1911) of the American Presbyterian Mission landed at Kanagawa, and stayed at the Jobutsuji Temple. He was born in Milton, Pennsylvania, studied Greek and Latin classics at Princeton University and medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. After his graduation, he left for China as a medical missionary in 1841, but because of his wife's illness, he came back to the United States in 1845 and opened a clinic in New York, where he worked as a successful doctor for fourteen years.
  • The Vitality and Resilience of Inherited Japanese Houses －100 Years of Shimizu-Gumi Houses－

    The Vitality and Resilience of Inherited Japanese Houses －100 Years of Shimizu-Gumi Houses－

    The Vitality and Resilience of Inherited Japanese Houses －100 Years of Shimizu-gumi Houses－ Preface Since its foundation in 1804, residential architecture had been one of the primary business focuses for Shimizu-gumi, the present Shimizu Corporation. Many books have been published to showcase its works, such as Sekkei zushū, jūtaku no maki, ji 1907 nen shi 1923 nen (Drawing collection: house, from 1907 to 1923) and Sekkei zushū, shitsunai narabini kagu dentō no maki, ji 1909 nen shi 1913 nen (Drawing collection: interior, furniture and lighting, from 1909 to 1913). These books feature painted drawings of large houses, which could be considered mansions in the Western sense, designed and built by Shimizu-gumi, and include plans, elevations, development plans, and illustrations of furniture. The books enable the reader to visualize many aspects of mansions in the Meiji era (1868-1912) and Taisho era (1912-1926,) and to understand how these mansions were significant as elements of urban culture. Additionally, an academic work based on these earlier texts was published to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Housing Research Foundation JUSOKEN: Meiji/Taisho no teitaku, Shimizu-gumi sakusei saishiki-zu no sekai (Mansions in Meiji and Taisho, the world of colored drawings created by Shimizu-gumi, Kashiwashobo, 2009, currently unavailable). This book is the product of joint research by “Shimizu Kensetsu Teitaku Shiryō Kenkyūkai” (Shimizu Corporation Mansion Document Study Group, 2004 to 2009) in the “Jūtaku Shiryō Iinkai” (Committee for historical materials about houses) of Jusoken. For the next phase of study, surveys and research on Jūtaku kenchiku zushū (Residential architecture catalog, 1st volume: 1935, 2nd volume: 1939) should be conducted.
  • Western Contributors to the Modernization of Meiji Japan: Hepburn and Verbeck

    Western Contributors to the Modernization of Meiji Japan: Hepburn and Verbeck

    ISSN: 1500-0713 ______________________________________________________________ Article Title: Western Contributors to the Modernization of Meiji Japan: Hepburn and Verbeck Author(s): Hideo Watanabe Source: Japanese Studies Review, Vol. XIII (2014), pp. 47-65 Stable URL: https://asian.fiu.edu/projects-and-grants/japan-studies- review/journal-archive/volume-xviii-2014/watanabe-hepburn- verbeck.pdf ______________________________________________________________ WESTERN CONTRIBUTORS TO THE MODERNIZATION OF MEIJI JAPAN: HEPBURN AND VERBECK Hideo Watanabe William Paterson University The modernization of Meiji Japan was aided by two different approaches in connection with other countries. One approach was that, in order to gain a better understanding of the West, Meiji delegates visited Western countries and learned about Western civilization first hand. One purpose of the Iwakura Mission was to observe and investigate the institutions and practices of advanced countries, which would help the modernization of Japan. Iwakura and high officials, such as Okubo Toshimichi and Ito Hirobumi, visited twelve countries including the U.S., Britain, and France. Upon their return home, they reported to the Meiji Emperor, “Power of nations, people, government, religions, military are deeply rooted and many branches are growing from the root.…Thus we need to quickly establish our constitutional government, accumulate wealth of our people, otherwise the growth of civilization cannot be done.”1 The other approach for the establishment of a new nation was that many Westerners came to Japan and provided an incredible assistance to the country directly. The slogan of the Meiji government was “Enrich the country, strengthen the military,” and the government invited Western specialists to Japan with the goal of modernization on their minds.
  • Japan Studies Association Journal, 2001. INSTITUTION Japan Studies Association, Inc

    Japan Studies Association Journal, 2001. INSTITUTION Japan Studies Association, Inc

    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 453 097 SO 032 583 AUTHOR Reichel, Philip L., Ed. TITLE Japan Studies Association Journal, 2001. INSTITUTION Japan Studies Association, Inc. SPONS AGENCY University of Northern Colorado, Greeley. ISSN ISSN-1530-3527 PUB DATE 2001-00-00 NOTE 95p.; The Jonathan Goldstein article "Missionary versus Atheist: James Curtis Hepburn and Edward Sylvester Morse as Foreign Technical Experts in Meiji Japan" included here is a corrected version of the article that appears in the Japan Studies Association Journal, Volume 3, 2001. Published biennially. AVAILABLE FROM Japan Studies Association, Department of History, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO 64468 ($75 per volume); Web site: http://ed.uno.edu/faculty/rspeaker/JSA/JSAWebIndex.html. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT Japan Studies Association Journal; v3 2001 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Area Studies; Asian History; *Asian Studies; *Conflict; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; *Interdisciplinary Approach; *Japanese Culture; Minority Groups; *Religious Factors IDENTIFIERS *Japan; *Japanese Studies ABSTRACT This journal presents new perspectives and materials on Japan that are engaging, relatively jargon-free, and shaped so that their usefulness in a college classroom is readily apparent. The journal represents an example of the potential for genuine scholarship that lies within interdisciplinary studies. Articles grouped under the topic of "Minority Issues" are: "White and Yellow in California: Race Hatred and the Issei" (Michael Steiner); and "The Jewish Factor in Relations between the United States and Japan" (Naoki Maruyama). Articles grouped under "Religious Issues" are: "Mahikari beyond Japan" (W. Sanborn Pfeiffer); and "Missionary versus Atheist: James Curtis Hepburn and Edward Sylvester Morse as Foreign Technical Experts in Meiji Japan" (Jonathan Goldstein).