DOCSLIB.ORG

Fuel Cell Seminar 2010

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Fuel Cell Seminar 2010

Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44

  • Bengt Ridell Grontmij AB
  • Augusti 2011

Fuel Cell Seminar 2010

Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44

  • Bengt Ridell, Grontmij AB
  • Augusti 2011

ELFORSK

Förord

Denna rapport är framtagen inom projektet Teknikbevakning av bränslecellsområdet under 2010-2011 (Elforsk projektnummer 25043). Rapportens huvudsakliga slutsatser presenteras i en slutrapport för hela teknikbevakningsprojektet (Elforsk rapport 11:48).

Projektet har till största delen finansierats av Energimyndigheten. E.ON Sverige, Volvo och Vätgas Sverige har bidragit med egeninsatser.

Stockholm augusti 2011 Bertil Wahlund Programområde El- och värmeproduktion
ELFORSK

Sammanfattning

Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 arrangerades i San Antonio, Texas. Det kom ca 1200 deltagare till Fuel Cell Seminar 2010, vilket är något mindre jämfört med de föregående åren. I utställningen fanns 135 montrar och bland dem två svenska företag; Sandvik och Morphic.

Fuel Cells 2000 har nyligen publicerat en omfattande rapport som det ofta

refererades till under konferensen, The Business Case for Fuel Cells. Här

presenteras de flesta större pågående demonstrationsprojekt i USA som är finansierade av DOE, ca 40 olika projekt både MCFC-biogas projekt och PEFC för gaffeltruckar.

Under konferensen betonades ofta att bränsleceller redan idag kan användas som en färdig produkt inom många områden. En speciell session kallad Early Market Sucess Stories bekräftade detta

En del viktiga punkter och nyheter från konferensen

..

Intresset för naturgas har ökat igen, det finns nu en större förväntad tillgång till naturgas och priset är på väg ner I USA finns flera olika betydande subsidier för bränsleceller både federalt och på delstatsnivå samt ARRA American Recovery Act för inköp till federala anläggningar med syftet att öka möjligheter till kommersialisering av ny teknik.

..

Det märks att uppskalning av SOFC-system är svårare än vad som antogs för bara några sedan exempelvis Rolls Royce och Topsoe Fuel Cells har ännu inte presenterat några större stackar på flera 100 kWe som tidigare utlovats Back-up system med vätgasdrivna PEFC är en allt vanligare produkt de säljs i tusentals för bland annat telekomsystem. Ljudnivå och snabb respons anses vara stora fördelar jämfört med dieslar. CFCLs höga verkningsgrad över 60% för små SOFC-anläggningar bekräftas av användare bland annat GDF-Suez Behovet av att minska platina innehållet i PEFC hade stort fokus. Idag är behovet 0,18 g Pt/kWe enligt 3M. Ett viktigt delmål är att varje bil skall ha högst 8 g Pt i sin bränslecell. Dagens FCV har 25-50 g Pt för en stack kring 100 kWe

..

.

Japanska ENE-Farm programmet för mikroCHP fortsätter enligt plan i januari 2011 hade det installerats 14000 stationära bränsleceller i Japan

....

Flera klor-alkali anläggningar i Europa och Nordamerika kommer att installera PEFC-anläggningar i MWe-storlek. Flera succés stories presenterades t.ex gaffeltruckar för stora lager i USA och MCFC för industriellt kraftvärme Det beräknas att det idag arbetar 3 millioner människor inom bränslecellsindustrin Det var ett ökande antal presentationer från fordonsindustrin men antalet bränslecellsfordon är fortfarande litet. Både Ford och GM presenterade sina bränslecellsbilar. Ford har aldrig tidigare gjort presentationer vid Fuel Cell Seminar.
ELFORSK

Summary

Fuel Cell Seminar was 2010 held in San Antonio, Texas. There were about 1,200 participants to the Fuel Cell Seminar 2010. It is slightly smaller than the previous years. In the exhibition there were 135 booths, among them two Swedish companies Sandvik and Morphic.

Fuel Cells 2000 has recently published a comprehensive report that it often was referred to during the conference, The Business Case for Fuel Cells. Here are most of the major ongoing demonstration projects in the U.S. that are funded by DOE, about 40 different projects both MCFC biogas projects and PEFC forklifts.

During the conference, it was stressed frequently that fuel cells can already be used as a finished product in many areas. A special session called Early Market Sucess Stories confirmed this.

Some interesting topics and news from the conference,

.

The interest in natural gas has risen again, there is now larger expected reserves of natural gas and the price is going down

.

In the U.S. there are several significant subsidies for fuel cells, both federal and state levels and ARRA American Recovery Act for federal purchase of with the aim of increasing opportunities for the commercialization of new technologies.

..

It is obvious that the upscaling of SOFC systems is more difficult than was anticipated just a few years ago as Rolls Royce and Topsoe Fuel Cells has not yet developed any bigger stacks at the multi 100 kWe level as previously promised Back-up systems with hydrogen PEFC is an increasingly common product being sold in thousands, noise and fast response is considered to be major advantages compared to diesel engines.

..

CFCLs high efficiency above 60% for small SOFC systems is confirmed by the users including GDF-Suez The need to reduce the platinum content of PEFC had great focus in the conference. Today, the need 0.18 g Pt / kWe according to 3M. An important goal is that every car must have no more than 8 g Pt in fuel cell. Today's FCV was 25-50 g Pt for a stack around 100 kWe The Japanese ENE-Farm Programme for mikroCHP is continuing as planned in January 2011, about14,000 stationary fuel cells were installed in Japan

.....

Several chlor-alkali plants in Europe and North America will install PEFC facilities in MWe size. Several success stories were presented such as forklifts for large warehouses in the U.S. and MCFC for industrial cogeneration It is estimated that currently 3 million people working in the fuel cell industry There was an increasing number of presentations from the automotive industry but the number of fuel cell vehicles is still small. Both Ford and GM introduced its fuel-cell cars. Ford has never before made presentations at the Fuel Cell Seminar.
ELFORSK

Innehåll

  • 1
  • Inledning
  • 1

1.1 Sammanfattande intryck från konferensen ...........................................1

2.1 2.2 2.3
USA SECA programmet för SOFC ........................................................6 US DOE Hydrogen program ................................................................7 US DOD, Department of Defense ........................................................8

34

3.1 3.2 3.3
Early Market Success Stories............................................................10 Round tables Natural alliance Naturgas och bränsleceller .....................11 SmartGrid och bränsleceller..............................................................12

  • Högtemperaturbränsleceller SOFC och MCFC
  • 13

4.1 4.2 4.3
SOFC Material.................................................................................13 Mitsubishi SOFC-GT.........................................................................13 SOFC Stack utveckling.....................................................................15 4.3.1 UTC - Delphi .......................................................................15 4.3.2 Versa Power........................................................................15 4.3.3 Delphi ................................................................................16 SOFC System demonstrationer och tillverkning...................................17 SOFC Övrigt Tillverkning ..................................................................20 MCFC.............................................................................................21 4.6.1 MCFC Fuel Cell Energy erfarenheter av biogas.........................21 4.6.2 Fuel Cell Energy Marknadsstrategi .........................................23
4.4 4.5 4.6

  • 5
  • Lågtemperaturbränsleceller PEFC
  • 26

5.1 5.2
PEFC Status av DOE FoU..................................................................26 Ballard PEFC back up power .............................................................27 5.2.1 GM General Motors ..............................................................29 5.2.2 Ford...................................................................................29 5.2.3 Hydrogenics........................................................................30 5.2.4 Proton Energy Silent Camp ...................................................30 Övrigt PEFC....................................................................................31 5.3.1 Los Alamos degradering .......................................................31 5.3.2 Ford metalliska bipolära plattor med guldskikt.........................31 US DOE fordonsprojekt....................................................................32 5.4.1 Ballard FC bussar.................................................................33
5.3 5.4

67

  • Bränsleceller marknadsfrågor mm
  • 35

6.1 6.2
Rapport Fuel Cells 2000 The Business Case for Fuel cells .....................35 ARRA American Recovery & Reinvestment Act ....................................35 6.2.1 DOD DLA gaffeltruckar .........................................................37

  • Förkortningar som används i rapporten
  • 38

ELFORSK

1 Inledning

Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 arrangerades i San Antonio, Texas den 18-21 oktober

2010. Årets tema var Fuel cells: Delivering the Power of a Greener Future.

Konferensens teknikdel var uppdelad i fyra parallella sessioner. Konferensen bevakades för Elforsk och Energimyndigheten av Grontmij AB Rapporten redogör för i första hand teknik relaterad till stationära bränsleceller men beskriver även övriga områden.

Det kom ca 1200 deltagare till Fuel Cell Seminar 2010. Det är något mindre än det föregående åren. Ett tiotal deltagare var från Sverige bland annat från FMV, Sandvik, Morphic och Powercell. I utställningen fanns 135 montrar bland dem två svenska företag Sandvik och Morphic.

Programmet och flera av presentationerna kan ni finna på Fuel Cell Seminars

hemsida www.fuelcellseminar.com

eller direktlänken

http://www.fuelcellseminar.com/past-conferences/2010/presentations.aspx

Fuel Cells 2000 har nyligen publicerat en omfattande rapport som kan starkt

rekommenderas kallad The Business Case for Fuel Cells den är fritt

nedladdingsbar via länken

http://www.fuelcells.org/BusinessCaseforFuelCells.pdf

Här presenteras de flesta större pågående demonstrationsprojekt i USA som är finansierade av DOE, ca 40 olika projekt både MCFC biogas projekt och PEFC gaffeltruckar, se mer i avsnitt 6.1.

1.1 Sammanfattande intryck från konferensen

Generellt kan sägas att många presentationer hade en hög tekniknivå och hög kvalité och det fanns en hel del intressanta nyheter. I konferensen betonades ofta att bränsleceller redan idag kan användas som en färdig produkt inom många områden. En speciell session kallad Early Market Sucess Stories bekräftade detta. Det visades flera exempel på användningsområden som börjar närma sig en kommersiell nivå.

Användning av olika former av biogas fick stort utrymme på konferensen med bland annat en egen workshop på måndagen. Flera större MCFC anläggningar i USA som använder biogas som bränsle presenterades.

En del viktiga punkter och nyheter från konferensen

.

Biogasapplikationer fick stort utrymma på konferensen med bland annat en egen workshop under måndagen.

.

Intresset för naturgas har ökat igen, det finns nu en större förväntad tillgång till naturgas och priset är på väg ner

1
ELFORSK

...

I USA finns flera olika subsidier för bränsleceller både federalt och på delstatsnivå för till exempel distribuerad produktion för att minska toppbelastningar, förnybara bränslen, allmänt bränsleceller mm. ARRA American Recovery Act för inköp till federala anläggningar med syftet att öka möjligheter till kommersialisering av ny teknik, bränsleceller hittills har fått 42 MUSD för bränslecellsprojekt. Bränslecellsdrivna truckar och materialhanteringsutrustning har i de närmaste fått ett kommersiellt genombrott i Nordamerika med över 1200 gaffeltruckar och flera nya stora lageranläggningar byggs nu enbart för bränslecellsdrift.

..

SECA programmet för stora SOFC fortsätter; Versa Power fick stor positiv uppmärksamhet. Det märks att uppskalning av SOFC system är svårare än vad som antogs för bara några sedan exempelvis Rolls Royce och Topsoe Fuel Cells har ännu inte presenterat några större stackar som tidigare utlovats

.

Back-up system med vätgasdrivna PEFC är en allt vanligare produkt de säljs i tusentals för bland annat telekomsystem. Ljudnivå och snabb respons anses vara stora fördelar jämfört med dieslar. CFCLs höga verkningsgrad över 60% för små SOFC anläggningar bekräftas av användare bland annat GDF-Suez Behovet av att minska platina innehållet i PEFC hade stort fokus. Idag är behovet 0,18 g Pt/kWe enligt 3M. Ett viktigt delmål är att varje bil skall ha högst 8 g Pt i sin bränslecell. Dagens FCV har 25-50 g Pt för en stack kring 100 kWe

..

..

Japanska ENE-Farm programmet för mikroCHP fortsätter enligt plan i januari 2011 hade det installerats 14000 stationära bränsleceller i Japan Flera klor-alkali anläggningar i Europa och Nordamerika kommer att installera PEFC anläggningar i MWe-storlek eller har planer på att göra så. Dessa anläggningar kan till exempel använda överskottsproduktion av vätgas som bränsle. Ballard testar en 1 MWe mobil anläggning för topplastproduktion.

..

Micro-CHP med bränsleceller debatterades och marknadsfördes vid flera olika tillfällen intresset finns sedan tidigare i Japan, Tyskand och Danmark men nu börjar även USA via bland annat EPRI att öka sitt intresse. Intresset för SOFC i Japan har ökat väsentligt både för större anläggningar från Mitsubishi exempelvis 200 kWe med gasturbin och för små anläggningar i kWe storlek avsedda att användas som micro-CHP

..

En bränslecellsbil från Ford har uppnått en topphastighet på 333 km/h Balance of Plant, kringutrustningen för bränslecellssystem har av många tillverkare utvecklats väsentligt med minskade storlekar och lägre kostnader t. ex Hydrogenics

...

Flera succés stories presenterades t.ex gaffeltruckar för stora lager i USA och MCFC för industriellt kraftvärme Det beräknas att det idag arbetar 3 millioner människor inom bränslecellsindustrin Flera användare av MCFC i Nordamerika berättade om lyckade projekt både tekniskt men även ekonomiskt.

2
ELFORSK

.

Det var ett ökande antal presentationer från fordonsindustrin men antalet bränslecellsfordon är fortfarande litet. Både Ford och GM presenterade sina bränslecellsbilar. Ford har aldrig tidigare gjort presentationer vid Fuel Cell Seminar.

..

En hel session handlade om bränslecellsbussar Bloom Energy och deras nya stora SOFC anläggningar presenterades inte vid Fuel Cells Seminar men de nämndes vid flera tillfällen. Women in Fuel Cells fortsätter sina aktiviteter vid Fuel Cell Seminar

.

De användningsområden för bränsleceller i USA som har stora drivkrafter och en starkt ökande försäljning är back-up system, reservkraft med vätgasdrivna PEFC, gaffeltruckar med bränsleceller som ersättning för batteritruckar, MCFC för kraftvärme speciellt industriapplikationer i många fall med biogas som bränsle.

Andra områden som fick mycket uppmärksamhet var microCHP, och lagring av överskottsenergi från vindkraft. Flera utvecklare av bränsleceller närmar sig kommersiella system med en kompakt och optimerad kringutrustning. Systemen blir allt mer anpassade för massproduktion exempelvis Ballard, CFCL och Dantherm Power.

Bränsleceller i USA speciellt större system kan ge betydande skattelättnader för användaren och andra subventioner både federala och från enskilda delstater. Subventioner kan vara för att avlasta toppkraft, kraftvärme förnybara bränslen etc. Det gör att det för många kunder kan det redan i dag vara ekonomiskt att installera bränslecellssystem. Detta har kraftigt ökat produktionen och utvecklat systemen för bränsleceller.

Bloom Energy SOFC

Bloom hade ingen egen presentation men de nämndes vid flera tillfällen. Bloom Energy har nu börjat publicera sina produkter och aktiviteter inom SOFC området. De tillverkar större SOFC anläggningar med fokus på elproduktion den producerade värmen används främst i reformeringsdelen och de har ännu inte levererat någon kraftvärmeanläggning. Deras hemsida www.bloomenergy.com innehåller numera mycket intressant information.

3
ELFORSK

2 Plenary opening session med presentation av stora program för bränsleceller

I dem gemensamma öppnande sessionen så presenterades staden San Antonios program för förnybar energi. Vindkraften byggs ut i storskala i San Antonio regionen 900 MWe även solenergin byggs ut.

Intressant information finns på www.powersmack.org

US Navy presenterade sitt program Get Green Fleet med målet att reducera oljeförbrukningen med 50 % för aktiviteter som inte är i strid.

US Navy utvecklar en reformer för en 600 kWe bränslecell som skall kunna använda lågsvavliga bränslen och en 500 kWe reformer för kommersiell diesel. De skall i framtiden kunna användas för bränsleceller ombord fartyg.

Bilindustrin representerades av GM och även 3M. 3M berättade att idag används 0,18 g Pt/kWe för PEFC. Det kommersiella målen är 0,12 g Pt/kWe eller 8 g Pt per bil. bränslecellerna skall dessutom klara 5000 timmars livstid och även åtskilliga minusgrader.

Recommended publications
  • Bagotsky V.S. Fuel Cells.. Problems and Solutions (Wiley, 2009

    Bagotsky V.S. Fuel Cells.. Problems and Solutions (Wiley, 2009

    FUEL CELLS Problems and Solutions VLADIMIR S. BAGOTSKY A.N. Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry and Physical Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia FUEL CELLS FUEL CELLS Problems and Solutions VLADIMIR S. BAGOTSKY A.N. Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry and Physical Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia Copyright r 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials.
  • Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes

    Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes

    PhD Thesis Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes Melanie Alejandra Colet Lagrille Supervisor: Geoff Kelsall Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY AND THE DIPLOMA OF MEMBERSHIP OF IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON June 21, 2013 DECLARATION I confirm that this report is my own work and where reference is made to other research this is referenced in text. Copyright Notice Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Department of Chemical Engineering Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes ‘The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives license. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or redistribution, researchers must make clear to others the license terms of this work’ © 2013 Melanie Colet Lagrille [email protected] Published by: Melanie Colet Lagrille Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK www.imperial.ac.uk Dedicated to my parents, Mónica and Alejandro, and my sister Madeleine, who have encouraged me to make my dreams come true. “You see, but you do not observe. The distinction is clear.” Sherlock Holmes, ‘A Scandal in Bohemia’ Abstract Carbon-air fuel cells are a prospective technology for efficient conversion of the chemical energy of solid carbonaceous fuels directly to electrical energy.
  • Performance Analysis of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell-Braysson Heat Engine Coupling System

    Performance Analysis of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell-Braysson Heat Engine Coupling System

    Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 15 (2020) 4908 – 4914, doi: 10.20964/2020.06.32 International Journal of ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE www.electrochemsci.org Short Communication Performance Analysis of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell-Braysson Heat Engine Coupling System Liwei Chen1,2,*,Lihua Gao1, Yingyan Lin1 1 School of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 29208, South Carolina, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 / Published: 10 May 2020 In this paper, a new coupling system with irreversible Braysson based direct carbon fuel cell is constructed. The new irreversible coupling system can utilize the high quality waste heat generated in the working process of direct carbon fuel cell to drive the irreversible Braysson heat engine, so as to improve the overall working performance. The analytical expressions of direct carbon fuel cell, irreversible Braysson heat engine and coupling system are given respectively, and the performance of the newly constructed coupling system is obviously better than that of the single direct carbon fuel cell. Keywords: irreversible Braysson heat engine; Direct carbon fuel cell coupling system; Performance analysis 1. INTRODUCTION After the industrial revolution in the 18th century, coal, as the main fossil energy, was praised as the food of industry, the black gold. Even today, coal is still one of the important energy sources indispensable to human production and life. In 2018, China's normal coal production capacity was 3.61 billion tons, accounting for eight of the world's top ten coal enterprises [1]. At present, more than 60% of China's electricity is generated by coal.
  • EHEC2014 Program.Pdf

    EHEC2014 Program.Pdf

    The organizers would like to t hank our generous sponsors and collaborators: PLATINUM SPONSOR GOLD SPONSOR SILVER SPONSOR COLLABORATORS MEDIA PARTNERS Chairman Welcome Letter Dear friends and colleagues from the hydrogen and fuel cell sector, as Chairman of the Organizing Committee of EHEC 2014, and of the Spanish Hydrogen Association, it is my pleasure to invite you to this edition of the event, held from 12th to 14th of March 2014 in our beautiful city of Seville. The European Hydrogen Energy Conference is, without doubt, the European reference framework for updates on hydrogen and fuel cell related technologies, and the best setting to present the advances in research, products and projects we are all developing in the sector. With the more traditional economic activities in a crisis situation, there can be no doubt that our technologies are going to contribute to the creation of markets, prosperity and opportunities and, unquestionably, new jobs in our home countries and regions. We must demonstrate that we have viable projects, mature technologies and products that provide solutions. It is the great opportunity we have been waiting for and we want to share it with you at EHEC 2014! Led by the Scientific Committee, we have selected the fields and subjects we believe will be of most interest to our community. In this respect, the plenary sessions are sure to arouse the expectations of all, for their topicality and relevance. As a native of Seville, I would also like to inform you that March is one of the nicest months to visit the city, when orange blossom and jasmine are in bloom; I would encourage some sightseeing in this ancient city whenever this exciting conference is not occupying all your time here.
  • Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells a Vision of Our Future

    Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells a Vision of Our Future

    vision_hydro (corr) 13/10/03 16:22 Page 1 SPECIAL REPORT EUR 20719 EN FINAL REPORT OF THE HIGH LEVEL GROUP vision_hydro (corr) 13/10/03 16:22 Page 2 Interested in European research? RTD info is our quarterly magazine keeping you in touch with main developments (results, programmes, events, etc.). It is available in English, French and German. A free sample copy or free subscription can be obtained from: European Commission Directorate-General for Research Information and Communication Unit B-1049 Brussels Fax: (32-2) 295 8220 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/rtdinfo_en.html EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Research Directorate J – Energy Unit J-2 – Energy Production and Distribution Systems B-1049 Brussels Helpdesk: [email protected] Website: http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/energy/index_en.html Directorate-General for Energy and Transport Directorate D – New Energies and Demand Management Unit D-4 – Clean Transport B-1049 Brussels Website: http://europa.eu.int/comm/energy_transport/en/cut_en.html Further information can also be found on the CORDIS website at: http://www.cordis.lu/sustdev/energy/ vision_hydro (corr) 13/10/03 16:22 Page 3 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells A vision of our future Directorate-General for Research 2003 Directorate-General for Energy and Transport EUR 20719 EN vision_hydro (corr) 13/10/03 16:22 Page 4 04 HYDROGEN ENERGY AND FUEL CELLS – A VISION OF OUR FUTURE This is how an integrated energy system of the future might look – combining large and small fuel cells for domestic and decentralised heat and electrical power generation.
  • DNV GL Perspective- Regulations, Codes and Standards H2@Ports Workshop

    DNV GL Perspective- Regulations, Codes and Standards H2@Ports Workshop

    DNV GL Perspective- Regulations, Codes and Standards H2@Ports Workshop Anthony Teo 11 September 2019 1 DNV GL © 2015 11 September 2019 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER ABOUT DNV GL - Leading the surge towards the future OIL & GAS ENERGY MARITIME • Maritime is our core industry • 11,678 ships & mobile offshore units in DNV GL class, 280.6 mGT • Strong presence in all ship segments BUSINESS DIGITAL • Dedicated ship type expert teams ASSURANCE SOLUTIONS support our clients worldwide • Among top performing class societies in Port State Control statistics • 200 Maritime offices across the world 24% 3,600 12,500 5% Market share (measured in GT) Maritime staff employees revenue invested in worldwide groupwide R&D activities 2 DNV GL © 2015 11 September 2019 Total number of ships (in operation and on order) 3 DNV GL © 2015 11 September 2019 Number of ships with batteries by ship type 4 DNV GL © 2015 11 September 2019 Towards zero emissions in shipping • HYBRID – “Vision of the Fjords” – The ship of the year 2016 – Flom-Gudvangen – Diesel hybrid 2 * 150 kW el- engines, 600 kWh batteries – Fastest ever - 14 months from contract to delivery 18.july 2016 • BATTERIES – “Future of the Fjords” – 100% electric 2 * 450 kW el- engines, 1.8 MWh batteries – Delivery 1.april 2018 • HYDROGEN – FUEL CELLS – Next generation – Increased range – Reduced weight possible – More flexible charging/bunkering Copyright Brødrene Aa DNV GL © 2015 11 September 2019 Maritime FC- Noteable Projects Zero/V - Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Coastal Research Vessel Sandia partnered with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the naval architect firm Glosten and the class society DNV GL to assess the technical, regulatory and economic feasibility of a hydrogen fuel-cell coastal research vessel.
  • Country Report Outline – TIP Energy Focus Group FRANCE –Document 3 CASE STUDY – FUEL CELLS March 2004 Draft Version

    Country Report Outline – TIP Energy Focus Group FRANCE –Document 3 CASE STUDY – FUEL CELLS March 2004 Draft Version

    1 Country Report Outline – TIP Energy Focus Group FRANCE –Document 3 CASE STUDY – FUEL CELLS March 2004 Draft version B.Bourgeois CNRS, UPMF/LEPII/EPE 26 th of March 2004 LEPII - EPE ◆ BP 47 - 38040 Grenoble CEDEX 9 - France 150 rue de la Chimie - 38400 Saint Martin d'Hères Tél.: + 33 (0)4 76 51 42 40 ◆ Télécopie : + 33 (0)4 76 51 45 27 [email protected] ◆ http://www.upmf-grenoble.fr/lepii-epe/ 2 Plan Introduction 0.1-Fuel cells and hydrogen delineation system issues 0.2- Four stylised facts about fuel cell innovation in 2003 A- A 2003 picture of the fuel cells system of innovation in France and the PACo network A.1- Introduction A1.1-A short historical survey of fuel cells development in France A.1.2- A Global picture of the French fuel cells innovation system A.2-The coordinating institutions of the PACo network A.3- The three main categories of actors within the network A.3.1. - The Public Research Organizations (PRO) A.3.1.1. - CEA A.3.1.2-CNRS A.3.1.3- The rest of public research actors A.3.2- Enterprises / Providers and Users A.3.2.1 - Large enterprises : providers and users A.3.2.2- SME and start-ups B-Knowledge learning process from the drivers of the fuel cells innovation system (including public policy for this innovation system) Introduction B1- The learning process within the coordinating institutions of PACo network B2- The specific learning processes for the categories of actors B.2.1- Learning process within Public Research Organizations The special case of Technology bottlenecks ( verrous technologiques) and Basic
  • Fuel Cells Initial Position

    Fuel Cells Initial Position

    Renewable Energy Research for Global Markets SOFC1) in Jülich Fuel Cells Initial Position Materials and systems for combined heat and power generation in 1. industry and households SOFC in Jülich ► Improved overall efficiency X Initial Position ► Environmentally friendly: no pollution ► Scalability for utilization in several applications Research Results Challenges on the way to implementation ► Multi-disciplinary R&D tasks: - Optimization of thermo-mechanical behaviour w.r.t. stable sealing and operation of stacks - Understanding and resolving degradation effects w.r.t. 1) SOFC: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell longevity of 20,000 – 50,000 h - Reduction of operation temperatures to 600 – 700 °C - Accelerated testing methods - Process, stack, system integration and upscaling to > 50 kW 20 kW system with integrated modules Renewable Energy Research for Global Markets SOFC in Jülich Fuel Cells Research 1. Cells with reduced operating temperatures and increased lifetime ► Cost-effective production of cells with novel materials and processes SOFC in Jülich ► Cell operation on reformate @ 400 – 600 °C for > 10,000 h Initial Position High performance and robust kW-class stack technology X Research ► Advanced steel, protective coatings and sealing Results ► Resolution of thermo-mechanical and degradation effects ► Accelerated testing and computational design System technology with thermal integrated stack modules ► Advanced modelling and simulation of BoP2) components and systems ► Design & testing of BoP2) components, integrated modules and systems 2) BoP: Balance of Plant Milestones ► 2011: 3rd generation 2 kW stack @ 5,000 h @ u 3) > 60 % 3) μF: Fuel Utilization F ► 2012: Thin film cells with 16 cm² delivering 0.5 W/cm² @ 600 °C ► 2014: Concept of integrated sub-module for systems of 20 – 250 kW Cell components (top right), 60-cell stack Cooperations (bottom right) and computer-simulated ► Universities: Aachen, Imp.
  • Development and Optimisation of the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell

    Development and Optimisation of the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell

    FINAL REPORT Development and Optimization of the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Professor Scott Donne University of Newcastle February 26, 2016 Final Report, 2016 Submitted to Coal Innovation NSW Project Commence Date: April, 2011 Project Cessation Date: December 2015 Project Duration: 5 years Funding Allocated: $564,748 Phone: (02) 4921 5477 Fax: (02) 4921 5472 Email: [email protected] Address: Discipline of Chemistry, University Drive, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia 1 Executive Summary Professor Scott Donne and co-investigators at the University of Newcastle (UoN) are investigating the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (DCFC), a technology that has the ability to efficiently utilize coal to produce electricity with minimal environmental greenhouse gas emissions. The DCFC is not a new technology, having been first demonstrated by Grove in 1839, and then investigated further by Jacques in 1896 (US Patent 555,511) for the direct production of electricity. While this system demonstrated the concept, it was expensive at the time and encountered problems with system impurities. Since then a number of researchers have occasionally revisited the DCFC, gradually making fundamental and performance improvements, until the present time when the DCFC is now viewed as a viable alternative for coal-fired energy generation. In fact, the basic chemical reaction used by a coal fired power station and a DCFC are the same. The only difference is that the DCFC directly converts solid carbon into electrical energy through an electrochemical process where oxygen is combined with the carbon, as shown in the following schematic. - Here the cathodic process is the reduction of oxygen (O2) in air with electrons (e ) from the external circuit to form oxide anions (O2-).
  • A Demonstration of Carbon-Assisted Water Electrolysis

    A Demonstration of Carbon-Assisted Water Electrolysis

    Energies 2013, 6, 1657-1668; doi:10.3390/en6031657 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Communication A Demonstration of Carbon-Assisted Water Electrolysis Bruce C.R. Ewan 1,* and Olalekan D. Adeniyi 2 1 Chemical & Biological Engineering Department, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK 2 School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Gidan Kwano Campus PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-114-222-7504; Fax: +44-114-222-7501. Received: 19 December 2012; in revised form: 22 February 2013 / Accepted: 5 March 2013 / Published: 11 March 2013 Abstract: It is shown that carbon fuel cell technology can be combined with that of high temperature steam electrolysis by the incorporation of carbon fuel at the cell anode, with the resulting reduction of the required electrolysis voltage by around 1 V. The behaviour of the cell current density and applied voltage are shown to be connected with the threshold of electrolysis and the main features are compared with theoretical results from the literature. The advantage arises from the avoidance of efficiency losses associated with electricity generation using thermal cycles, as well as the natural separation of the carbon dioxide product stream for subsequent processing. Keywords: electrolysis; gasification; carbon fuel cell; solid oxide cell 1. Introduction High temperature electrolysis of water has been the subject of a number of studies in recent years [1–3] and the benefits derive from the positive entropy change and hence reducing free energy change with temperature.
  • 2018 Aiche Annual Meeting

    2018 Aiche Annual Meeting

    Poster Sessions 2018 Core Programming Area at the 2018 AIChE Annual Meeting Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 28 October - 2 November 2018 Volume 1 of 3 ISBN: 978-1-5108-7609-5 Printed from e-media with permission by: Curran Associates, Inc. 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY 12571 Some format issues inherent in the e-media version may also appear in this print version. Copyright© (2018) by AIChE All rights reserved. Printed by Curran Associates, Inc. (2019) For permission requests, please contact AIChE at the address below. AIChE 120 Wall Street, FL 23 New York, NY 10005-4020 Phone: (800) 242-4363 Fax: (203) 775-5177 www.aiche.org Additional copies of this publication are available from: Curran Associates, Inc. 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY 12571 USA Phone: 845-758-0400 Fax: 845-758-2633 Email: [email protected] Web: www.proceedings.com TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 (6b) Functional Biomaterials for Smart Delivery of Therapeutics ...............................................................................................................1 Lisa R. Volpatti (6c) Molecular Recognition: From Polymer Science to Precision Medicine................................................................................................2 John R. Clegg (6d) Morphological Aspects in Materials for Biotechnological Applications ..............................................................................................3 Jyothirmai J. Simhadri (6g) Transformation of Waste Biomass into Bioproducts (Bioenergy, Biomaterials, Biochemicals)........................................................4
  • Enhancing Triple-Phase Boundary at Fuel Electrode of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Using a Fuel-filled Ceria-Coated Porous Anode

    Enhancing Triple-Phase Boundary at Fuel Electrode of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Using a Fuel-filled Ceria-Coated Porous Anode

    international journal of hydrogen energy 39 (2014) 17314e17321 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he Enhancing triple-phase boundary at fuel electrode of direct carbon fuel cell using a fuel-filled ceria-coated porous anode * Chengguo Li, Eun Kyung Lee, Yong-Tae Kim, Donggeun Lee School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan Clean Coal Center, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea article info abstract Article history: A new type of high-temperature fuel cell using solid carbon as a fuel, which is called a Received 15 March 2014 direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC), recently attracts scientific and industrial attention due to its Received in revised form excellent electrochemical efficiency, less production of CO2, and no need of CO2 separation. 6 August 2014 However, the state-of-the-art technology on the DCFC still stays in an idea developing Accepted 11 August 2014 stage, mainly because of fuel-related difficulties: a discontinuous fuel supply and a very Available online 5 September 2014 limited formation of triple phase boundary. In this study, we focused on how to enhance the formation of triple phase boundary at the fuel electrode: using a porous Ni anode filled Keywords: with carbon particles to enhance the fuel-electrode physical contact and making the Direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) porous anode wettable by ceria coating the anode. We demonstrated for the first time that Triple-phase boundary the two ideas are quite successful, leading to 700% increase in a maximal power density Porous electrode and 500% increase in a maximal current density with respect to the standard case.