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Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44 Bengt Ridell Grontmij AB Augusti 2011 Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44 Bengt Ridell, Grontmij AB Augusti 2011 ELFORSK Förord Denna rapport är framtagen inom projektet Teknikbevakning av bränslecellsområdet under 2010-2011 (Elforsk projektnummer 25043). Rapportens huvudsakliga slutsatser presenteras i en slutrapport för hela teknikbevakningsprojektet (Elforsk rapport 11:48). Projektet har till största delen finansierats av Energimyndigheten. E.ON Sverige, Volvo och Vätgas Sverige har bidragit med egeninsatser. Stockholm augusti 2011 Bertil Wahlund Programområde El- och värmeproduktion ELFORSK Sammanfattning Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 arrangerades i San Antonio, Texas. Det kom ca 1200 deltagare till Fuel Cell Seminar 2010, vilket är något mindre jämfört med de föregående åren. I utställningen fanns 135 montrar och bland dem två svenska företag; Sandvik och Morphic. Fuel Cells 2000 har nyligen publicerat en omfattande rapport som det ofta refererades till under konferensen, The Business Case for Fuel Cells. Här presenteras de flesta större pågående demonstrationsprojekt i USA som är finansierade av DOE, ca 40 olika projekt både MCFC-biogas projekt och PEFC för gaffeltruckar. Under konferensen betonades ofta att bränsleceller redan idag kan användas som en färdig produkt inom många områden. En speciell session kallad Early Market Sucess Stories bekräftade detta En del viktiga punkter och nyheter från konferensen . Intresset för naturgas har ökat igen, det finns nu en större förväntad tillgång till naturgas och priset är på väg ner . I USA finns flera olika betydande subsidier för bränsleceller både federalt och på delstatsnivå samt ARRA American Recovery Act för inköp till federala anläggningar med syftet att öka möjligheter till kommersialisering av ny teknik. Det märks att uppskalning av SOFC-system är svårare än vad som antogs för bara några sedan exempelvis Rolls Royce och Topsoe Fuel Cells har ännu inte presenterat några större stackar på flera 100 kWe som tidigare utlovats . Back-up system med vätgasdrivna PEFC är en allt vanligare produkt de säljs i tusentals för bland annat telekomsystem. Ljudnivå och snabb respons anses vara stora fördelar jämfört med dieslar. CFCLs höga verkningsgrad över 60% för små SOFC-anläggningar bekräftas av användare bland annat GDF-Suez . Behovet av att minska platina innehållet i PEFC hade stort fokus. Idag är behovet 0,18 g Pt/kWe enligt 3M. Ett viktigt delmål är att varje bil skall ha högst 8 g Pt i sin bränslecell. Dagens FCV har 25-50 g Pt för en stack kring 100 kWe . Japanska ENE-Farm programmet för mikroCHP fortsätter enligt plan i januari 2011 hade det installerats 14000 stationära bränsleceller i Japan . Flera klor-alkali anläggningar i Europa och Nordamerika kommer att installera PEFC-anläggningar i MWe-storlek. Flera succés stories presenterades t.ex gaffeltruckar för stora lager i USA och MCFC för industriellt kraftvärme . Det beräknas att det idag arbetar 3 millioner människor inom bränslecellsindustrin . Det var ett ökande antal presentationer från fordonsindustrin men antalet bränslecellsfordon är fortfarande litet. Både Ford och GM presenterade sina bränslecellsbilar. Ford har aldrig tidigare gjort presentationer vid Fuel Cell Seminar. ELFORSK Summary Fuel Cell Seminar was 2010 held in San Antonio, Texas. There were about 1,200 participants to the Fuel Cell Seminar 2010. It is slightly smaller than the previous years. In the exhibition there were 135 booths, among them two Swedish companies Sandvik and Morphic. Fuel Cells 2000 has recently published a comprehensive report that it often was referred to during the conference, The Business Case for Fuel Cells. Here are most of the major ongoing demonstration projects in the U.S. that are funded by DOE, about 40 different projects both MCFC biogas projects and PEFC forklifts. During the conference, it was stressed frequently that fuel cells can already be used as a finished product in many areas. A special session called Early Market Sucess Stories confirmed this. Some interesting topics and news from the conference, . The interest in natural gas has risen again, there is now larger expected reserves of natural gas and the price is going down . In the U.S. there are several significant subsidies for fuel cells, both federal and state levels and ARRA American Recovery Act for federal purchase of with the aim of increasing opportunities for the commercialization of new technologies. It is obvious that the upscaling of SOFC systems is more difficult than was anticipated just a few years ago as Rolls Royce and Topsoe Fuel Cells has not yet developed any bigger stacks at the multi 100 kWe level as previously promised . Back-up systems with hydrogen PEFC is an increasingly common product being sold in thousands, noise and fast response is considered to be major advantages compared to diesel engines. CFCLs high efficiency above 60% for small SOFC systems is confirmed by the users including GDF-Suez . The need to reduce the platinum content of PEFC had great focus in the conference. Today, the need 0.18 g Pt / kWe according to 3M. An important goal is that every car must have no more than 8 g Pt in fuel cell. Today's FCV was 25-50 g Pt for a stack around 100 kWe . The Japanese ENE-Farm Programme for mikroCHP is continuing as planned in January 2011, about14,000 stationary fuel cells were installed in Japan . Several chlor-alkali plants in Europe and North America will install PEFC facilities in MWe size. Several success stories were presented such as forklifts for large warehouses in the U.S. and MCFC for industrial cogeneration . It is estimated that currently 3 million people working in the fuel cell industry . There was an increasing number of presentations from the automotive industry but the number of fuel cell vehicles is still small. Both Ford and GM introduced its fuel-cell cars. Ford has never before made presentations at the Fuel Cell Seminar. ELFORSK Innehåll 1 Inledning 1 1.1 Sammanfattande intryck från konferensen ........................................... 1 2 Plenary opening session med presentation av stora program för bränsleceller 4 2.1 USA SECA programmet för SOFC ........................................................ 6 2.2 US DOE Hydrogen program ................................................................ 7 2.3 US DOD, Department of Defense ........................................................ 8 3 Early Markets Success Stories and other Round Tables 10 3.1 Early Market Success Stories ............................................................ 10 3.2 Round tables Natural alliance Naturgas och bränsleceller ..................... 11 3.3 SmartGrid och bränsleceller.............................................................. 12 4 Högtemperaturbränsleceller SOFC och MCFC 13 4.1 SOFC Material ................................................................................. 13 4.2 Mitsubishi SOFC-GT ......................................................................... 13 4.3 SOFC Stack utveckling ..................................................................... 15 4.3.1 UTC - Delphi ....................................................................... 15 4.3.2 Versa Power ........................................................................ 15 4.3.3 Delphi ................................................................................ 16 4.4 SOFC System demonstrationer och tillverkning ................................... 17 4.5 SOFC Övrigt Tillverkning .................................................................. 20 4.6 MCFC ............................................................................................. 21 4.6.1 MCFC Fuel Cell Energy erfarenheter av biogas ......................... 21 4.6.2 Fuel Cell Energy Marknadsstrategi ......................................... 23 5 Lågtemperaturbränsleceller PEFC 26 5.1 PEFC Status av DOE FoU .................................................................. 26 5.2 Ballard PEFC back up power ............................................................. 27 5.2.1 GM General Motors .............................................................. 29 5.2.2 Ford ................................................................................... 29 5.2.3 Hydrogenics ........................................................................ 30 5.2.4 Proton Energy Silent Camp ................................................... 30 5.3 Övrigt PEFC .................................................................................... 31 5.3.1 Los Alamos degradering ....................................................... 31 5.3.2 Ford metalliska bipolära plattor med guldskikt ......................... 31 5.4 US DOE fordonsprojekt .................................................................... 32 5.4.1 Ballard FC bussar ................................................................. 33 6 Bränsleceller marknadsfrågor mm 35 6.1 Rapport Fuel Cells 2000 The Business Case for Fuel cells ..................... 35 6.2 ARRA American Recovery & Reinvestment Act .................................... 35 6.2.1 DOD DLA gaffeltruckar ......................................................... 37 7 Förkortningar som används i rapporten 38 ELFORSK 1 Inledning Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 arrangerades i San Antonio, Texas den 18-21 oktober 2010. Årets tema var Fuel cells: Delivering the Power of a Greener Future. Konferensens teknikdel var uppdelad i fyra parallella sessioner. Konferensen
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