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Fuel Cell Seminar 2010
Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44 Bengt Ridell Grontmij AB Augusti 2011 Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 Konferensbevakning Elforsk rapport 11:44 Bengt Ridell, Grontmij AB Augusti 2011 ELFORSK Förord Denna rapport är framtagen inom projektet Teknikbevakning av bränslecellsområdet under 2010-2011 (Elforsk projektnummer 25043). Rapportens huvudsakliga slutsatser presenteras i en slutrapport för hela teknikbevakningsprojektet (Elforsk rapport 11:48). Projektet har till största delen finansierats av Energimyndigheten. E.ON Sverige, Volvo och Vätgas Sverige har bidragit med egeninsatser. Stockholm augusti 2011 Bertil Wahlund Programområde El- och värmeproduktion ELFORSK Sammanfattning Fuel Cell Seminar 2010 arrangerades i San Antonio, Texas. Det kom ca 1200 deltagare till Fuel Cell Seminar 2010, vilket är något mindre jämfört med de föregående åren. I utställningen fanns 135 montrar och bland dem två svenska företag; Sandvik och Morphic. Fuel Cells 2000 har nyligen publicerat en omfattande rapport som det ofta refererades till under konferensen, The Business Case for Fuel Cells. Här presenteras de flesta större pågående demonstrationsprojekt i USA som är finansierade av DOE, ca 40 olika projekt både MCFC-biogas projekt och PEFC för gaffeltruckar. Under konferensen betonades ofta att bränsleceller redan idag kan användas som en färdig produkt inom många områden. En speciell session kallad Early Market Sucess Stories bekräftade detta En del viktiga punkter och nyheter från konferensen . Intresset för naturgas har ökat igen, det finns nu en större förväntad tillgång till naturgas och priset är på väg ner . I USA finns flera olika betydande subsidier för bränsleceller både federalt och på delstatsnivå samt ARRA American Recovery Act för inköp till federala anläggningar med syftet att öka möjligheter till kommersialisering av ny teknik. -
A Bergen Phd Thesis
Integration and Dynamics of a Renewable Regenerative Hydrogen Fuel Cell System by Alvin Peter Bergen B.A.Sc., University of Victoria, 1994 M.A.Sc., University of Victoria, 1999 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Mechanical Engineering © Alvin Bergen, 2008 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ISBN: 978-0-494-41177-3 ii Supervisory Committee Integration and Dynamics of a Renewable Regenerative Hydrogen Fuel Cell System by Alvin Peter Bergen B.A.Sc., University of Victoria, 1994 M.Sc., University of University, 1999 Supervisory Committee Dr. Ned Djilali, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Peter Wild, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Andrew Rowe, Department of Mechanical Engineering Departmental Member Dr. Tom Fyles, Department of Chemistry Outside Member Dr. Brant Peppley, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University External Examiner iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. Ned Djilali, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Peter Wild, Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Andrew Rowe, Department of Mechanical Engineering Departmental Member Dr. Tom Fyles, Department of Chemistry Outside Member Dr. Brant Peppley, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University External Examiner This thesis explores the integration and dynamics of residential scale renewable- regenerative energy systems which employ hydrogen for energy buffering. The development of the Integrated Renewable Energy Experiment (IRENE) test-bed is presented. IRENE is a laboratory-scale distributed energy system with a modular structure which can be readily re-configured to test newly developed components for generic regenerative systems. -
Transformative Renewable Energy Storage Devices Based on Neutral Water Input
Transformative Renewable Energy Storage Devices Based on Neutral Water Input EStStUdtEnergy Storage Systems Update ARPA-E GRIDS Kick-Off 4 November 2010 Team • Proton Energy Systems – DKthADr. Kathy Ayers, PI – Luke Dalton, System Lead – Chris Capuano, Stack Lead – Project Lead; Electrolysis Stack and System; Fuel Cell System • Penn State University – Prof. Mike Hickner – Prof. Chao-Yang Wang – Electrolysis and Fuel Cell Membrane Material; Fuel Cell Stack 2 Proton Energy Systems • Manufacturer of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) hydrogen generation products using electrolysis • Founded in 1996 • Headquarters in Wallingford, Connecticut. • ISO 9001:2008 registered • Over 1,200 systems operating in 60 different countries 3 Proton Capabilities and Applications PEM Cell Stacks Complete Systems Storage Solutions • Complete product development, manufacturing & testing • Containerization and hydrogen storage solutions • Integration of electrolysis into RFC systems • Turnkeyyp product installation • World-wide sales and service Power Plants HtTtiHeat Treating SiSemicon dtductors LbLabora tor ies Government 4 HOGEN® C Series 3 • Maximum Capacity: 30 Nm /h H2 (65 kg/day) (~200 kW input) • Commercial availability: Q1 2011 • 5X h y drogen ou tpu t with onl15Xthfly 1.5X the foo t pritint 5 Next Steps in Scale Up • 70 Nm3/h • 150 kg/day • 400 kW input 0.6 SQFT 3 Cell (1032 amps, 425 psi, 50oC) 2.30 2.25 2.20 2.15 2.10 2.05 2.00 1.95 Potential (V) ll 1.90 Cel 1.85 Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 1.80 1.75 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 Run Time (hours) 6 Hydrogen Cost Progression -
NASA Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Activities
NASA Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Activities Presented by: Ian Jakupca Department of Energy Annual Merit Review 30 April 2019 1 Overview • National Aeronautic and Space Administration • Definitions • NASA Near Term Activities • Energy Storage and Power • Batteries • Fuel Cells • Regenerative Fuel Cells • Electrolysis • ISRU • Cryogenics • Review 2 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 3 Acknowledgements NASA has many development activities supported by a number of high quality people across the country. This list only includes the most significant contributors to the development of this presentation. Headquarters • Lee Mason, Space Technology Mission Directorate, Deputy Chief Engineer • Gerald (Jerry) Sanders, Lead for In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) System Capability Leadership Team Jet Propulsion Laboratory • Erik Brandon, Ph.D, Electrochemical Technologies • Ratnakumar Bugga, Ph.D, Electrochemical Technologies Marshall Space Flight Center • Kevin Takada, Environmental Control Systems Kennedy Space Center • Erik Dirschka, PE, Propellant Management Glenn Research Center • William R. Bennett, Photovoltaic and Electrochemical Systems • Fred Elliott, Space Technology Project Office • Ryan Gilligan, Cryogenic and Fluid Systems • Wesley L. Johnson, Cryogenic and Fluid Systems • Lisa Kohout, Photovoltaic and Electrochemical Systems • Dianne Linne, ISRU Project Manager • Phillip J. Smith, Photovoltaic and Electrochemical Systems • Tim Smith, Chief, Space Technology Project Office 4 Electrochemical System Definitions Primary Power Energy Storage Commodity Generation Discharge Power Only Charge + Store + Discharge Chemical Conversion Description Description Description • Energy conversion system that • Stores excess energy for later use • Converts supplied chemical feedstock supplies electricity to customer system • Supplies power when baseline power into useful commodities • Operation limited by initial stored supply (e.g. PV) is no longer available • Requires external energy source (e.g. -
Fuel Cell Performance and Degradation
REVERSIBLE FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE AND DEGRADATION by Matthew Aaron Cornachione A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana April, 2011 c Copyright by Matthew Aaron Cornachione 2011 All Rights Reserved ii APPROVAL of a thesis submitted by Matthew Aaron Cornachione This thesis has been read by each member of the thesis committee and has been found to be satisfactory regarding content, English usage, format, citations, bibli- ographic style, and consistency, and is ready for submission to the The Graduate School. Dr. Steven R. Shaw Approved for the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dr. Robert C. Maher Approved for the The Graduate School Dr. Carl A. Fox iii STATEMENT OF PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfullment of the requirements for a master's degree at Montana State University, I agree that the Library shall make it available to borrowers under rules of the Library. If I have indicated my intention to copyright this thesis by including a copyright notice page, copying is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent with \fair use" as prescribed in the U.S. Copyright Law. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this thesis in whole or in parts may be granted only by the copyright holder. Matthew Aaron Cornachione April, 2011 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Steven Shaw, for granting me the oppor- tunity to work at Montana State University as a graduate research assistant and for providing assistance to many aspects of this work from circuit design to machining parts. -
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle and a Stand- Alone Renewable Energy-Based Refuelling Station
HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE AND A STAND- ALONE RENEWABLE ENERGY-BASED REFUELLING STATION Master’s Thesis University of Jyväskylä Department of Biological and Environmental Science Master’s Degree Programme in Renewable Energy Atte Pakkanen 20th August, 2007 2 JYVÄSKYLÄ UNIVERSITY - Faculty of Mathematics and Science - Department of Biological and Environmental Science - Master’s Degree Programme in Renewable Energy Pakkanen Atte: Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and a stand-alone renewable energy-based refuelling station Master´s Thesis: 107 p., 2 appendixes (2 p.) Supervisors: Dr. Mohanlal Kolhe and D.Sc. (Tech.) Margareta Wihersaari Inspectors: Dr. Mohanlal Kolhe and Dr. Jussi Maunuksela August 2007 Key words: hydrogen, fuel cell, hydrogen vehicle, hydrogen storage, metal hydride storage, electrolysis, renewable energy, alternative transportation fuels ABSTRACT Energy use for transportation purposes and the number of passenger vehicles is increasing rapidly around the world. Fuelling infrastructure based on hydrogen provides an attractive alternative to predominating fossil fuels. This thesis project includes research on hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and its local refuelling station based on hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. Hydrogen produced via electrolysis is stored in portable metal hydride containers to be used in a fuel cell hybrid vehicle. The test vehicle is equipped with a battery unit and two 6 kW electric motors. The targets of this thesis project were to test and estimate the driving range of the vehicle, to examine the behaviour of the metal hydride containers under changing temperatures and determine the rate of hydrogen production via electrolysis. Also hydrogen leak tests to assure safe testing procedures in the future were included to these initial tests. -
1 a Switchable Ph-Differential Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cell with High
A switchable pH-differential unitized regenerative fuel cell with high performance Xu Lu,a Jin Xuan,be Dennis Y.C. Leung,*a Haiyang Zou,a Jiantao Li,ac Hailiang Wang d and Huizhi Wang *b a Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong b Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK c SINOPEC Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, Fushun, China d Department of Chemistry, Yale University, West Haven, CT, United States e State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to D.Y.C.L. (email: [email protected]) or to H.Z.W. (email: [email protected]). 1 Abstract Regenerative fuel cells are a potential candidate for future energy storage, but their applications are limited by the high cost and poor round-trip efficiency. Here we present a switchable pH- differential unitized regenerative fuel cell capable of addressing both the obstacles. Relying on a membraneless laminar flow-based design, pH environments in the cell are optimized independently for different electrode reactions and are switchable together with the cell process to ensure always favorable thermodynamics for each electrode reaction. Benefiting from the thermodynamic advantages of the switchable pH-differential arrangement, the cell allows water electrolysis at a voltage of 0.57 V, and a fuel cell open circuit voltage of 1.89 V, rendering round-trip efficiencies up to 74%. -
Bagotsky V.S. Fuel Cells.. Problems and Solutions (Wiley, 2009
FUEL CELLS Problems and Solutions VLADIMIR S. BAGOTSKY A.N. Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry and Physical Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia FUEL CELLS FUEL CELLS Problems and Solutions VLADIMIR S. BAGOTSKY A.N. Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry and Physical Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia Copyright r 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. -
Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes
PhD Thesis Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes Melanie Alejandra Colet Lagrille Supervisor: Geoff Kelsall Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY AND THE DIPLOMA OF MEMBERSHIP OF IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON June 21, 2013 DECLARATION I confirm that this report is my own work and where reference is made to other research this is referenced in text. Copyright Notice Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Department of Chemical Engineering Carbon-Air Fuel Cells with Molten Tin Anodes ‘The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives license. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or redistribution, researchers must make clear to others the license terms of this work’ © 2013 Melanie Colet Lagrille [email protected] Published by: Melanie Colet Lagrille Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK www.imperial.ac.uk Dedicated to my parents, Mónica and Alejandro, and my sister Madeleine, who have encouraged me to make my dreams come true. “You see, but you do not observe. The distinction is clear.” Sherlock Holmes, ‘A Scandal in Bohemia’ Abstract Carbon-air fuel cells are a prospective technology for efficient conversion of the chemical energy of solid carbonaceous fuels directly to electrical energy. -
Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage and Compression Systems for Energy Storage Technologies
international journal of hydrogen energy 46 (2021) 13647e13657 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/he Metal hydride hydrogen storage and compression systems for energy storage technologies Boris P. Tarasov a,*, Pavel V. Fursikov a, Alexey A. Volodin a, Mikhail S. Bocharnikov a, Yustinas Ya Shimkus a, Aleksey M. Kashin b, Volodymyr A. Yartys c, Stanford Chidziva d, Sivakumar Pasupathi d, Mykhaylo V. Lototskyy d,** a Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics (IPCP) of Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia b InEnergy Group, Moscow, 115201, Russia c Institute for Energy Technology, Kjeller NO, 2027, Norway d HySA Systems Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry (SAIAMC), University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa highlights Use of metal hydride storage and compression in hydrogen energy storage systems. AB5- and AB2-type hydrides for hydrogen storage and compression applications. Development of the energy storage systems and their metal hydride based components. article info abstract Article history: Along with a brief overview of literature data on energy storage technologies utilising Received 29 February 2020 hydrogen and metal hydrides, this article presents results of the related R&D activities Received in revised form carried out by the authors. The focus is put on proper selection of metal hydride materials 6 July 2020 on the basis of AB5- and AB2-type intermetallic compounds for hydrogen storage and Accepted 9 July 2020 compression applications, based on the analysis of PCT properties of the materials in Available online 6 August 2020 systems with H2 gas. The article also presents features of integrated energy storage sys- tems utilising metal hydride hydrogen storage and compression, as well as their metal Keywords: hydride based components developed at IPCP and HySA Systems. -
Performance Analysis of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell-Braysson Heat Engine Coupling System
Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 15 (2020) 4908 – 4914, doi: 10.20964/2020.06.32 International Journal of ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE www.electrochemsci.org Short Communication Performance Analysis of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell-Braysson Heat Engine Coupling System Liwei Chen1,2,*,Lihua Gao1, Yingyan Lin1 1 School of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China; 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 29208, South Carolina, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 / Published: 10 May 2020 In this paper, a new coupling system with irreversible Braysson based direct carbon fuel cell is constructed. The new irreversible coupling system can utilize the high quality waste heat generated in the working process of direct carbon fuel cell to drive the irreversible Braysson heat engine, so as to improve the overall working performance. The analytical expressions of direct carbon fuel cell, irreversible Braysson heat engine and coupling system are given respectively, and the performance of the newly constructed coupling system is obviously better than that of the single direct carbon fuel cell. Keywords: irreversible Braysson heat engine; Direct carbon fuel cell coupling system; Performance analysis 1. INTRODUCTION After the industrial revolution in the 18th century, coal, as the main fossil energy, was praised as the food of industry, the black gold. Even today, coal is still one of the important energy sources indispensable to human production and life. In 2018, China's normal coal production capacity was 3.61 billion tons, accounting for eight of the world's top ten coal enterprises [1]. At present, more than 60% of China's electricity is generated by coal. -
Relating Catalysis Between Fuel Cell and Metal-Air Batteries
Perspective Relating Catalysis between Fuel Cell and Metal-Air Batteries Matthew Li,1,2 Xuanxuan Bi,1 Rongyue Wang,3 Yingbo Li,4,6 Gaopeng Jiang,2 Liang Li,5 Cheng Zhong,6,* Zhongwei Chen,2,* and Jun Lu1,* With the ever-increasing demand for higher-performing energy-storage sys- Progress and Potential tems, electrocatalysis has become a major topic of interest in an attempt to Catalyst research for fuel cells has enhance the electrochemical performance of many electrochemical technolo- led to much advancement in gies. Discoveries pertaining to the oxygen reduction reaction catalyst helped humanity’s understanding of the enable the commercialization of fuel-cell-based electric vehicles. However, a underlying physics of the process, closely related technology, the metal-air battery, has yet to find commercial significantly enhancing the application. Much like the Li-ion battery, metal-air batteries can potentially uti- performance of the technologies. lize the electrical grid network for charging, bypassing the need for establishing In contrast, metal-air batteries a hydrogen infrastructure. Among the metal-air batteries, Li-air and Zn-air bat- such as Li-air and Zn-air batteries teries have drawn much interest in the past decade. Unfortunately, state-of-the remain to be solved. Although the art metal-air batteries still produce performances that are well below practical metal anode used in this these levels. In this brief perspective, we hope to bridge some of the ideas from systems does play a large role in fuel cell to that of metal-air batteries with the aim of inspiring new ideas and di- limiting their commercial success, rections for future research.