Encyclopedia of Genealogy and Biography of the State Of

Home , Charles Henry Hart, Chester Rural Cemetery, Erie Cemetery

^'' m^V

«> Si

ff^WMJt^^

-^5»ji

ENCYCLOPEDIA

OF Genealogy and Biography

OF THE

STATH OF PEWSYLVANIA

WITH A COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY

A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a

Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation

ILLUSTRATED

" Jiy universal consent bioaraf'hy is the most fascinating form oj literature, its charm growing out of the fact that it is the story of life. The books that have ushered in new epochs for society have generally been biographies." — Rev. Newell Dwight Hillis.

VOLIME il.

THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY Nkw Vokk Chicago 1904

4 O/wv^i-v;bO

HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA

JEROME i'RAXCIS DOWXIXG.

Tile name of "I'j'ic"' is replcle with ass ciatioiis which recall Ui c\X'ry palriutic Aniericaii a ll^cid of historic recollections. It is connected with a great lake, a great railroail. a great canal and a great naval \ictory. In addition to this it is the designation oi a large and prosperous city of n:;rth\\este''n I'enns_\l\ania, which hoasts the finest harhor on the chain of great likes, the lnn"ial place of .Vnthony Wayne. and a histor\- which li'uclies some of the most interesting points of 'he

])ioneer ]>eriod To this thri\ing and historic town the reader is invited

for the purpose of making the ac(|uaintance of one o{ its most distinguished and enterprising citizens, whose career it is the intention to unfold in the acconipan\nng hiograiihy.

rile Downing family, long sn well known in Pennsylvania, originated in that cclehrplod coinnionw ealth which has heen hapi)ily descrihed as the mother of states and statesmen. James Downing, father of the

])roniiiient l'enns_\l\aiiian with whose affairs we arc herein dealing, was horn in Boston in 1775. .Xfter his marriage he settled in what was then l\oxl)ur\-, hut w hicli hy annexation in 1867 hecame a snliiirhan aihlition to the adjacent cit_\'. .\ few years later he removed to Hamp- shire county and located in the town of Enfield on a farm, which, after the lapse of mer a hundred \ears. is still in |M)SSession of one of iiis descendants. On this homestead most of his iwehe children, consisting

33 o4G coMrr.xnicM or history .ixn cnxfiiLocv

(if ei.t;lu Sons ami fmir daui^lilurs, were Imrn, and tlic yoinigc^l n\ these

is tlic subject of tliis skctcli.

'Hie l>irtli of Jerome I'"rancis DMuniii" dccnrreil in the Ideality

ah()\e iiie:iti(ineil mi the J4th nl' Ahireh, iSjj. His yniithful training

was of the kind which, in ihi inlands of cases, has heen I'roved the liesl

for y(nin

cither on the farm or in sonie one of the factories or machine shojis

then cstalilislied in the neii^iihoihood. In ad(htion to the \ahialile lesson

derived from this Spartan discipline it had the added ad\anta.s;e of en-

ahlint^' him to Lay up some sin"phis moiicv from his wa.yes. which was

utilized to pa\' iiis way for a term or two at Amherst College. He en-

tered the freshmrui class in 1S4S, and two yetirs later we find him in-

stalled as editor of a newspajier in lloKoke. Alassaclnisetts. hrom this

novitiate in the journalistic wurld he soon obtained ])romotion to the

chief editorship of the Tro\- ( Xew ^'ork ) Paily I'ast. which responsible

I)ositioii he retained for some time, and ac(|uittcd himself of its duties

very creilitahly for one so young. His dominant ambition. howe\er.

was to become a lawyer, and after considerable ])reliminar\- study he

readily obtained admission to the bar and settled at Krie. J'ennsyKania.

in the fall of 1855. That he succeeded in the practice as well as in mak-

in.g a .good im]iression on the public is c\-idcnccd by the fact that in

iSri3. or se\en years after his ad\ent, he was elected ilistrict attorney of the county. *

The fates, however, hail other plans for the le.gal iieo|ih\te, and be

was destined to find a (phte diileieut held tor the display of his natural ability than that olTi'red in the courts. "There is a tide in the affaiis of men, which, taken at the llood, leads on to toitune: ne.ulected, all the current of our li\es is bounded in shallows ami in miseries." This fateful opportunity was ]irescnted to young Downing, lie was wise ni' run st.it ii or rr.NNSYU'AMA. 547

eiiMui^li tn grasp it ])fi niptly, ;m

to that fortune foretold liy tlie i^reat ])oet. I lis ()p|)ortunity took tlie shape of a Inisiness offer of great \alue w lien presented. Init full <.>f

|)romise. if wisely used, of iinicli greater value in the future. The old

Insurance Compan}' of Xorth America, whose headcjuarters were in

I'hiladelphia, and then as no\\ one of the strongest and best known in the country, was looking for an agent especially suited to do certain work of importance which the managers had mapped out. 'ihey were anxious to extend the company's operations into the western states and selected Mr. Downing as then' general agent for that entire section.

He was at first somewhat ahaihed by the unexpectedness of liie ])roffer, as well as the magnitude of the resi)ousihilities invohed. hut after mature consideration decided to accept.

This important e\ent in his career occurred in 1864. and from that time until the |)rescnt. a perind of nearly forty \ears. he has retained this

higliK' res]ionsil)le trust. The long tenure with such a comjjany as

the "Old Xorth .\merica" speaks for itself as to his ([ualifications for

the ])lace anil the ability displayed in discharging his duties. His department embraces the states of Ohio, Michigan, Indiana. Kentucky. Ten- ne.ssee, Illinois. Wisconsin. Minnesota. North and South D.akota. Iowa,

Mis-souri, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado. Wyoming and the territories of

Oklahoma rmd New Mexico. In tliis \ast field of operations o\er tour thousand agencies ha\e been established, ;dl under the direct control of

Mr. Oowning. and managed from his beadciuarlers at I-lrie. The busi-

ness is organized with an elahtjrateness and thorouglmess of discii)line eipial to that of the best appointed army. The large force of experienced assistants re(|uired. both in the office and the held, ask and receive in-

structions from Mr. Downing, and tlie.se are always fortlicoming with a

])r(im])tness and clearness that bespeaks the resourceful commanding 548 COMI'Eh'DlUM ()! HISTORY .IXP CIIX liAI.UCV

otiicer. I'"..\])crt-^ say that iin (l''|)artmeiil olTicc of any nf (Jiir nmst pium-

incnt iimlcrw ritiii;; iiistitiiliniis lias hecii coiiducted with iiKiie skill and

business acumen thaii that presided nver by Mr. 1 )ci\\ nins:;'. llis oflice

in I'.rie is

any of its kind in the L'nited States, its orderly arrangement fm'nisli-

ins;' additional testinion)' to the or.ijanizinj^' ability of the presiding genius.

Perhaps the key to .Mr. Downing's great pcr.sonal success and the

resultant inci'ease in his eMmpan\''s business is fomid in hi.< just ancl hon-

orable dealings with all his ])atrons in the settlement of losses and re-

markable facility for luaking friends of those with whom business brings

him in contact. This stnuiir-falrc, as the hvenrh wmdd call it. or (|nick

a|)i)reciation of what circiuustances require, in other words the iKjssession

of that invalua.ble <|ua!ity Icrnied "tact." has undnubtcdly ])rove(l a

prime factor in Ixith the personal and official success obtained by Mr.

Downing, hire underwriting is a science, and this scier.ce Mr. Down-

ing has thoroughly mastered in all its intricate details, while at the

same time fidly comprehending the broad jirinciples whicli constitute the

foundation of insurance in general.

But aside from his life work ATr. Downing has fomid time to dis-

play many \-aluable traits as a citizen in various lines. Tublic improve-

ments at Rrie have foimd no Cirmer friend nr more generous contributor.

It is often remarked that a man should show his good will "by deeds,

not words." It is a characteristic of Mr. Downing that he uses both

these agencies with force to i)usb forward the interests of his comnumity.

He talks well, as well as act? i^romptly, in their behalf. Examples of

his public s])irit are abundant, but it is onl\- necessary to specifically

mention a few.

To hini the city owes its largest and finest business building, in fact

the first erected in Erie whicli contained all the modern im])rovements OF TUB STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 54»

and conveniences. It is a massive structure, eij^hty-two and a lialf by one hundred and sixty-fi\e feet on the s^round and six stories high, exclusive of haseinenl, the lieavy exterior w alls l)cing faced w ith the finest

(|u;dity of ])rcsscd dark-red hrick. 'i'hc entire hnildiiis^' is iieated by steam and li<;hted by electricity as well as gas.

The establishment of "(ilenwood Park." adjoining tlie city on the south, owed its inceptinn to Mr. Downing, .and since its inruiguration he has been its most liberal sui)]Mirter. It was his urgency and personal advocacv that ga\e tlie chief inipetus tn the uinvement fur securing the grounds and ins])ired others wiih his dwn enthusi.asm fur the completion of the great undertaking. lie h;is in\csteil liber.ally in mruuifacturing

entcr])riscs and in the erection nf a large number of bne dwelling h luscs

fur the .acci lumiiidaliiin of such as do not own their nun liDnies.

lUit his activities for the gener.al gndd extend intn ni.anv other

ch.annels besides th;it cnniing sliictly under the head ot business. While

serving as a school director juk' luember of the city council, he displaved

at every turn his r.are talent fi>r org.anixatinn and ])riinii timi. lie ditl

more than his share of the ])ublic diuies and bore nmre llian his pro])or-

tion of civic responsibilities. Nor can the \;due of his ])erson;d influence

in the direction of jirogress rmd impro\cmeut, whether in or out of office,

be oxerestimated. Had be been called to higher legislatixe spheres.

there can be little dnnl)t that be w

manship of a rare kind, but be h.as never exhibited any desire for ofhcc,

and. indeed, has shnwn ;i positi\e aversion to ntfice-seeking. Like the

true phil.autbrouist. tbnugli be ga\-c liber.ally to all worthy causes aiul

deserving persons, he :dw,a\s did so (|uictly an

ferring that his left h.and should not know what bis right hand docth.

Like m:my other busy intellectual men .Mr. Downing has shown a

marked tcndeucv to hud relief from business cares by retouching Mother 55(1 COMl'ENDli-M 01- HISTORY .IXD GENEALOGY

l*";irtli and communing face to face witli nature. 'I'lu's yearnin.f;- lias

tduuil expression in the owncrsliip nf a farm near I'.ric. wliicli lie visits

fre(|uently fnr rclaxatiim and rest, and liy the superintendence of its op-

erations recalls the fond recollections of his Imyhood home. lUit this

is hy no means his onh' farm jiroperty. Tic carries

in Xorth Dakota, one of four thousand and one of five thousand acres,

all under culti\ation. 'i'liousjii the manaijemcnt of these vast estates is

not umlertakcn in person liy the owner, he looks closely after their o])era-

tinns and keeps in close touch with the experienceil superintendents to

whom he has confided the immediate direction of affriirs. The master

hand is always at the helm, the princijial engineer is ever at the throttle.

He touches the hutton : the agents do the rest. One valuahle result of

Mr. Downing's efforts in this direction has been its prmif that judicious

and scientific farming will ]iav. .\notlicr is the encouragement it gives

to the young to seek gratilication of their amhition and an outlet for

their energies in agricultural pursuits, which ever were and always will

he the mainstay of the nation.

The foregoing \'iew of the sterner features of Mr. Downing's career

would he incomplete without a glimpse of his softer side, of his home

life and almve all the endearing relations so Inng existing between himself and the wife of his Ikis'-ih. The writer of the present memoirs, feeling

some delicacv in a]i])roaching this subject, jirefers to allow another and

an intimate friend to draw aside the curtain and ])resent in person the mistress of the home. The writer of a sketch of Mr. Downing, pub-

lished in the "History of Erie County." has this to say . "This home, attractive as it is, it is but just to say, owes much of its real charm to the wife who has for so many years been its loving center and directing spirit. Although the devoted mother of seven children. Mrs. Downing, aside from her domestic obligations, has found time to ;idminister to —

(;/• rilli STATLL ()! I'liNSSVLVANIA. 551

tlic needs of tlie uiifnitunate and make tlieir pathway in life I)rig;lucr and liai)]>ier. eNenii)lif_\in.<^ llie tnilli that it is a dnty tn make our lives a l)lessin£2^ tn others, as well as t(j mirselves. Mrs. Downing's early home was in western Massacliusetls, in the town of Wortliington, where she was horn in iS^n. She is a lady of culture, of much natural artistic talent, a great adiuirer of the heauties of nature and fond of travel, having seen ninch of the old world as well as the new." Mrs. Downing

(lejiartcd for the "hetter land" a few months ;»fter the celebration of her golden weddirg amiiversary in KjOO, and it will he appropriate liere to add the trihute to herself and hnshand from the ])en of one of Erie's most res])ected and cnltin'cd ci'izens— a compeer of a third of a century which was also ])uhtished. hefore her death, in the history aJMve mentioned: "C\)ming from the hills of Xew England witli a communit}' of thonglit. of needs and of liopes, their efforts, their toils and trials liave been mutu;il. As the way was o])eneil and their |)osition in life became secure, each adxance found both ei|ual to all the re(|uisites which their surroundings imposed. Whether in the cbin'cb or state, at liomc or abroad, in the whirl of society or in the graver exactions of organized efifort for the alleviation of misery or mitigation of distress, their means, their inlluence and tlu'iv time could be counted u])on as a factor, to all such calls a deaf ear was ne\er ttnaied. .And now, in the serenity of a

fully rounded career each can review with .a ci iinplacency unalloyed with selfisliness the full fiaiition of their e.arlv hopes, the complete accomplishment of each one of ihei'- nobU' aspirati(Mis."

Mr. and Mrs. Downing were long meml)ers of the I'irst Presby- terian church and liberal supporters of all its religious work, as well as of the charitable and henevojent enterprises connected therewitli. In politics Mr. Downing was Ins', a Whig and later Iw natural inheritance a

Rciniblican. but while tirm .and earnest, he is also conservative in his 55:; CUMl'EXDli'M Ul- lUSTURY AXU GENEALULY

political views, never in(lul,y;iiis in ultra ])arti.sanisin or lioldins extreme

views on any public question.

I'.ut there i>; still annthcr ;;nil nut tlie least interestin.tj side to Mr.

Downing's character. We are now to view him from a literary stand-

point and tell something of his achie\ements and services as a ]nihlic

speaker, especially as the deliverer of addresses uiwm set occasions. If

anything were wanting to show the versatility and many-sidedness of

this remark.alile man. it will be supplied hv this feature. The literary

taste is seldom markedly developed in the strictly husiness character,

and certainly it is rare to see a man whose mental and jihysical energies

ha\e fnr decades lieen absorbed 1)\' exacting business cares not only

passionately fond of the higher literature but a devotee of the muses in

the l)est sense and an ardent lo\er of the fine arts. Such a man is

Jerome F. Downing. I lis ser\ices have been in eager demand for years as speaker on various imjiortant occasions— for addresses before socie-

'lies. literary and artistic clubs, tf) young men, aufl espCv^ially at public celebrations of an imposing nature. Mr. Downing has great facility in composition and e(|ual readiness in delivery. Mis ])ublishcd addresses are

models of style. Good taste, good sense, sound judgment, cle.ar appre- hension, capacity to grasp great princijiles. wide familiarity with history

Ix)th national and general, amplitude of comprehension, interspersed with occasional and easy flights of elorjuence growing naturally out of the subject—these are some of the many beauties found in the oiations of Mr.

Downing. His style is. indeed, admirable, and may be studied to ad-

\-:mtage by all who arc ambitious to excel in forensic oratory.

Space will not jicrmit of extended quotations, but a few excerpts from two or three of his principal orations will prove acceptable here, while demonstrating the truthfulness of the foregoing complimentary criticism. On the occasion of the celebration of "Columbus Day" at or Tim STATE OF PENNSYIA'ANIA. 553

Eric, ill iHfjj. Mr. Downing was one of the four speakers invited to deliver hrict addresses; the subjest assigned, to him lieing "The Develop- inent of I'our Centuries"—a tiieme so comprehensive that suitable treatment, in tlie time allowed, was a very difficult task. But the speaker managed to say much of absorbing interest in a comparatively limited space. After a grapiiic ix:)rtrayal of modern indebtedness to the Middle

Ages, and calling attention to the fact that, while we justly glory in the achievements of the i)resent age. we should not overlook what l)ei(>ngs to an earlier age: in other wfirds. in taking an inventf)ry of present possessions, the results of ininian effort, ingenuity and learning, we should not overlook the stock on hand at the beginning of the four centuries under consideration— that the accomplishments of a prior period had their inlluence in hastening on the more illustrious epoch in which we are pri\ileged to live— Mr. Downing went on to briefly contrast the present with tlie past, as follows:

"In tr.'iciiig the progress of modern civilization —the advancement in knowledge and the developments of the fxnvers and resources of the human intellect — it is soniewliat remarkable that so little was accom-

])lislK'd during the century immediately succeeding the discovery of .\in- erica. It is true that there was a great intellectual awakening—a mighty revolution in |)o|uilar tlioiii^ht. which had long been the slave of dogma

,'md supcrstiii

Following the discovery of America the attention of the European nations, when not engaged in wars, was directed almost exclusively to the prosecution of discoveries in the new and unexplored regions of the world and laying the foundations of new empires. .\ great impetus was given to navigation and improvements in ship-building: but that was r>5i COM riiS 1)1 i.M 01- lUSTURY AM) CI'.M'.ll.OCV

alidiit all. It \\;!s iiKire t!ian ciiic 1uiiiiIii.mI years hcfnre the first lt!csci)])e

was iinciilcil ; ami that luntj hetDrc tlic dciii nslraliim l>v I lar\cy ot the eircuJatiiin nf the hlood. X'acc'natinii was introduced hy Jciiner as late as 1798; and galvanism or \i)ltaic electricity was made known alxmt

the sr\ine time. lUit it is dnrin^L^ the last threescore year.-- and ten —the psalmist's limit of a single lifetime—that such hewildering chrmges have taken place, that it seems almost impossihle to heliexe th;;t we Iiaxe not reached the "ritima Thule' "f iinention— the end of won;iers in nlilizing the forces of nature for the benefit of the race. Consider the wonders wrought l)_v steam, 'fhere are many i)ersons li\ing who can recall the time when a stage coach was the onl\' mode of conveyance h\' land and a sailing vessel at sea. And compare the rude and cunihcrsome loconifi-

tive of Stephenson with the magnificent irtJii horse of to-d;iy : the cranky little paddle-boat of I'ulton with the gorgeous and fast running modern steamship and the mighty engines of war used to comjicl nations to be polite to each other. Within the span of a single life steam has multiplied a million-fold owr ixissihilities in all the ways in which mechanical I'orce is re(|uired. Ihit we cannot dwell upon it: and its glories mav be of the ])ast. F.lectricity has now come to the front, and in man\' wavs

steam has to take a hack seat. Truly may we exclaim : "What hath

God wrought!' Electricitv-— that Hashing, dazzling dninderbolt of

Jove—has been harnessed and made to snbser\-e the needs of man as a ])o\\erfnl agent to mo\e the wheels of industrv; to jjrojjcl our street- cars; to greatly improve the safeguards of navigation by making more

])lain to the iviariner the dangers of our coasts: to dis])el the night from our homes, our streets, our places of business and resorts of pleasure; to act as our swift messenger for tiie conveyance of thought and assist in tlie easy and rapid transaction of business; to convey the dis])atches of (li])lomacy, bringing nations, as well as iiidi\iduals. face to face. O/- Tim STATE ()! I'RNNSYLVANIA. 555

and liastcnint;' tlic time when ;.l! peujilc if the eartii sluill hccome as one

CI ininicin lirotherliood."

The concludiiiq purtii'n of this address, spoken in 1R92. will impress the reader as liaxing sjjccial ajjphcation to tlie eonihtions in KJ03.

wlicn so much is Iieing' said resiiectint,^ tlie rij^iit of lalior and ca])ita1 :

"As for the discoveries, in\'entions, and general progress of the coming generations, it is useless for us to speculate. There are some few things. ho\\e\er. which we all ought to pray and work for. It will he nnfnilunate if tin- futiu'e progress of our race and country shrdl consist ouK' in the disco\'cr\' and a])i)ro])riation of new forces in n.ature; new and useful things in science: new a]>])liances in the line ol our

conxeniences and ])ersMual comfort: ,1 more general education and increased ])opul;u' iutelligeuce: and further advance in all the arts of a high civilization — if. with these good and desirahle things, there sh;dl

not come also rm impro\cnient in the condition of society generally.

]m])ro\emeuts in machinery, esjiecially lahor-sa\'ing machinery, cannot he of geuei'.al heuelit unless it serves to lessen the hours of human toil.

Increased intelligence and the hctter general education of the masses

should he ;ittentied hy hetter modes of living and a more felicitous home life. Cai)ital .and lahor should and must 'get together' and agree uiiou

some scheme hased upon nuitual confidence and respect and an intelligent underst.uiding of (iie rights of each, to the end that the wages of

toil and the rightful recomjicnse of capital max- not he frittered away in

strikes and lockouts. Where e\ery citizen is a free man. with ecpial

])olitical and civil rights, regardless of hirthjilace. color, or previous

condition—a state which we ha\c hut recently reached in the 'land of

the free and home of the hra\e" —there must, there will ho. such amelior-

ation in the situation of the so-called 'lahoring classes' as to make life

less and less a hurden and more of a hcuediction. Less ]iolitical wran- 55f, COMPENDIUM OF HISrORY AM) CiiM'.AI.OCV

gling and thirst for public office; less unreasonin.ti; and unrcasimalilc [larty

spirit: ninrc tolerance still in matters of religion, more nr.ity of pur])ose

and action in all things concerning the weal of the penple. — will each

and a'l largely contribute toward the bringing in of that day when Ib.c

human race shall have attained to the highest |)ossibilities vouchsafed

b\- the (Ireat Creator when he looked fust )i])cin mrui. his creature, and

])rononnced his work good. In the furtherance nf this object let us Icel our own i^ersonal resjiousibihty a> we step u|)iin the threshold of the

lifth century after Columbus."

.\nolher not.able utterance of Mr. Downing was his address on the occasion of the dedication of the Erie Tublic Library, lebruary \().

1899, in the establishment of which he had taken a special interest, as

is evidenced b\' the l.act th;it he has been the president of the Hoard of

Trustees from the first until now (1903). An im])ortaut truth is enunciateil in this brief extract: "The I'ublic Library in .\merica is coming to be recognized everywhere as the essential complement of the schools. Its great educational v.duc is not only manifest in the case of the VI ung durnig their school vears or period of childhood, but it ser\-es to stimulate a thirst for knowledge on the ])art of the entire community.

It raises the standard ot general intelligence, and we must not forget that a free go\ernnicnt like ours cannot ])ermancntly endure unless the masses of the people are properly educated. King Solc.mou says "A man of knowledge increaseth strength:' a truth which Lord Bacon ex- " presses in the phrase. 'Kn(n\lcdge is power."

The following remarks on public libraries as a ])art of our educational system are wise and statesmanlike: "Our system of free schools

no longer needs to be defended against assaults from any cpiarter : and yet there are some features of that system, as we find it at the present time, which did not recei\e general supjiort in the early p.'irt. or so late Oh' THE STATE OP PENNSYlA'AMA. 557

as the mil Idle, of the nineteenth century. Our present ideas of popular education are tlie result of gradual growth and development. What once was deemed unnecessary or impossible we now approve and demand. The result is that in :.ll our cities and larger towns we find facilities provided in tlie public schools for an educaton which a few- years ago only the best equipped academies could furnish. In this process of development it would be wrcjng to say that the public library has Ijeen overlooked or forgotten at any time, ilie w ise men and statesmen of former generations urged its employment as an important means of promoting education and the more general diffusion of knowleilge

wherever i)racticable : Init it has been held back in large portions of our countrv ])artly because of a lack of knowledge as to how to make it a success and partly because of the indifTfcrence of the people. So far as

we are ccjuccrned these objections cannot now be said to exist. We are

prepared to look upon the public library as a necessary adjunct in the

work of education, and not only in our colleges and higher institutions

of learning but also in our public schools—the colleges of the 'plain

people." In this it cannot be said that we have made a new discovery;

we are simply carrying out the views of those to whom we ascrilje the

credit of laying so broad and deep the foundations of our civil government "

Perhaps the most important of the addresses above referred to. was

the one delivered September lo. 1895, on the occasion of the centennial

celebration of the founding of Erie. The address, in its entirety, was

a masterpiece of the kind. The background of the picture consists of

a review nf the providential occurrences which led up to the overthrow

of brench domination in Xi>rth .America; the treaty of peace with

Great Britain in 1783; and the measures adopted to secure the peaceful

settlement of northwestern Pennsylvania and northern Ohio. The fol- :

558 COMPENDIUM Ol- HISTORY ASP GIlMi.M OCV

lowing extract will itulicatc the trcml uf ilie address in this resi)ect

"We seldom stop to think how it has all happened, that we to-day are able to rejoice in the great iieritage which has come down to us tmni

former generations. We thiiii< nf Washington, the father nf his country, as the great instrument in the hand of a su])erinten

for the achievement of our national independence; and nf the inimnital

Lincoln, as a special creation of the all-wise ruler of the unixerse, brought forward in the fullness nf time to establish a great republic in which all should be free men—none sla\es; and of drant, as the once humble indixidual li\ing in obscuritw but destined to become the strong right arm of our constitutional commander-in-chief, in securing in the fullest meaning of the words. 'Lilierl\- and L'nion. one inseparable, now antl forever." And it i-^ well that we do this: sad will be the day

when we cease to remember and p:\' our sincere homage to such men I

But, back of the war of the I\e\i>luti

The conclusion of this address possesses more than a local or tem-

porary interest : it w as as follow's :

"Friends and fellow citizens: I have endeavored, to the best of my abilitv. to furnish at least one answer to the question, AV'hat is there to celebrate?", and trust that I may have succeeded in so doing. An

answer to the other question, A\'liat good will a celebratiini do?", I shall not undertake to give. I can only ex[)ress the hope that our celebration or THE STATE 01- PESNSYLVAKIA. 559

will ser\e to mark llic heginumg of an era of great iirosperity for our city; a i)rosperity not measured solely Ijy tlie numl)er or wealth of its

inhabitants, hut by cvcrythii-.g that hears a part in creating the highest and best type of modern Christian civilization: a prosjjcrity not of the

narrow and sordid kind, which begrudges the expenditure of a dollar except for personal gratification or aggrandizement, but of that kind

which looks lieyond self, and aids in whate\er will contribute towards the highest rational rind intellectual enjoyment of all the i)eople. As

we stand upon the threshold of the second century of our existence as a town or city, let us remember that, while our trials and difficulties are

far less than the pioneers were called ui)on to endure, our duties and

responsibilities are far greater. They laid the foundation of what we are called upon to furnish ihe superstructure. .\s we do this, we will, of necessity, maintain intact the institutions of civil and religious libcty handed down to us by our fathers. W^e will continue to foster the

interests of education, and endeavor to inspire our youth with a desire

to come up to the demands of the highest, broadest and noblest citizen-

ship. In politics, we will first be patriots and then partisans. In re-

ligion wc will, under the influence of modern thought and reason, and

ins])irc(l by a spirit of amit\' and Christan charity, do what we can to cause all sectarian ])reju(lice and bitterness to fade away. In our social relations we will seek to promote that liomogeneousness which will make us essentially one peojjle. regardless of nationalities: and to this end

we will see to it that every child is taught that there can be no prouder distinction of nationality or citizenshi]), than is conveyed in the words

'American citizen.' Let us reccgnize our responsibilities and duties to our God. to our Country, and to our City, and resolve to acquit our- selves like men. .\nil then, should succeeding generations, encouraged by our example, be imbued with a like spirit, we may rest assured, that 5t)0 COMI'ENDIi'M Ol- HIS TORY .IXP CliX Il.U .(>(., V

while (iiir names and mir t^nod works may he forgotten, those who sliaU

engajje in a ceiehration similar to this one, one lumchet! years from now,

will liiiil abundant reason for heinj; proud of Erie. May (jod he with them!"

ROP.l'.RT J. STOXl'.Y.

As general liistory is l)Ut ci'mposite iiiograpliy, it naturally fullnws

that the deepest human interest in study :uid iu\estigatiiin nutst lie

along ihiise lines where ihouijhl has engendered achic\cmeut. not less

for the general than the individual i^nod. in e\ery Incality where

progress has left its eonsecuti\e tracintis hy the wa_\- there must ever

Ik,' a dnminant interest in re\erting tn the li\es which ha\e been an

integral part of such ad\ancement or in conser\ing material prosijerity

—whether on the lofty plane of "massive deeds and great" or on the

more obscure Ie\els where honest purpose and endeavor play their

parts no less nobly and effectively. Standing in the pure white light

of a life and character such as represented the personality of the hon-

ored subject of these memoirs, we cannot fail to derive both lesson

and incentive, and in the city of Pittsburg, where he has so long pur-

sued the even tenor of his way in sincere and conscientious apprecia-

tion of his stewardship, Ixith in business and social relations, his name

will be held in revered memory so long as there remains those wdio

knew iiim or who have had cognizance of his worthy and useful life.

The distinguished elements of high honor, of marked intellectuality,

of broad humanitarian spirit lift high ui regard the subjective person-

ality of one who ever stood four-square to every wind that bUnvs. No

shadow darkened any period of the long and honorable life of Mr.

Stoney, and his was the heritage of an ancestry typical of all that :

Of THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 5G1 makes for integrity and true wurtli in the varicnis relations of life.

In offering an epit(jmc nl liis business career in the city of Pittsburg and in giving apjjreciativc estimate of iiis character, we can not. perhaps, (1(1 better than to (|uote. in an essentially verbatim way, from an article ])ubiished at the time of his death

ii. "The death of Mr. Roljert J. Stoney. which occurred on April

1900. was sudden and unexpected, giving another illustration of the trutli of the statement that there is nothing so certain in life as its uncertainty. Mr. St(,>ney was cashier vi the .\nchor Savings Bank of

Pittsburg, and up to within a few days of his death |>erformed the duties of his position. He was one of the (jldest bankers in point of continuous service in tlie c(juntry. He was born in Borris-O'Kane. county Tii)])erary. Ireland, on the 22d lA January. i

Company, which subsequently Ijecame the Second National Bank of

Pittsburg. In 1864 he was ai)pointed assistant cashier, and two years later was apixjinted to the cashiershi]). .\fter a service of nine years in that institution he accepted a similar jxisition in the .\nchor Sav- ings r.ank. To llic latter he devoted liis fine business abilities, and to him mure tlian to any (ilher one man is due the prosperity of that bank. .\t the time of his deatii he had C()mi)leted forty-one years of active .service in local banking, and throughout that lg and kindly, genial manner won the confidence of the man he would help. 5ti2 COMPENDIUM Ol- HISTORY ./.V/) CllX/i.il.OCV

anil then it was :m easy matter to instill intn his protege some of the

courage and perseverance which were stnmgly marked traits of his

character. Although a Inisy man. he did not allow business to mono])(v

lize his time and altciilion. lie was a lover of nature and a student of

literature, and his main' close personal friends testified to hi'^ social

cpialities. Mr. Stoney was a communicant of Calvary church. I'rotest-

ant Kpiscopal. for nearly thirty years ruid in an unostentatious hut

none the less effective way carried his Christianity into his business,

his home and every da\' of his long life."

The ability with which Mr. Stoney administered the affairs of the

important financial institution if which he was so long the practical

c.\ecuti\c head, indicates how great was his business capacity and

acumen and how mature his judgment in regard to matters of prac-

tical in'.])ort. lie was honest in all things, small as well as large, his

mind having cognizance of no other ])olicy. and he was innately

prompted to justice in his dealings and intercourse with his fellow men.

lie was fer\cnt in his attachments, persevering in his intents, full of

conscience, the ap|)roval of which he demanded for every action of his

life, was fast in his friendships, loving and lovable, gentle and sym-

pathetic, realizing the ideal of the brotherhood of mrm and ha\ing an

abiding sympathy for "all those in any way afflicted or distressed in

mind, body (-r estate." He was courageous without bravado, and

tender without weakness. He was strong in his convictions but was

not intolerant, and compassion and ])ity dwelt in him as constant guests.

He was never looking for special blessings but constantly prayed for

general ones. He was without envy or jealousy and rejoiced in the

prosperity of every luan he knew. He li\ed a life of usefulness, a distinct man. and died lamented by a community.

Mr. Stoney received excellent educational advantages in his native or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 563

land, and durint^ tlie niemnralile cpocli of famine in Ireland he rendered effecti\e scr\ice in tlic commissary department of the British government. After his comins,' to America, in the crucial days leadin.? up to the war of the reheliion. his sympathies naturally went f(jrth to the oi)pressed. and he became a standi al)f)litionisl —in fact, such was his nature that tlie institution of human slavery could not he other than intolerable and alihorrent to him, and he was a stanch supporter of the

Union during the war period. His political support was given to the

Republican party from the time of its organization, hut he was essen-

tially a business man and never sought the emoluments or honors of

l)olitical office.

Far be it from us to attempt to lift the veil which shiekleil a

domestic life of ideal character, and yet it is incuml)ent that reference

I.e made to this chapter in his career, and it may be said tiiat in iiis

home he found his greatest solace and hap])iness, while here came the

deepest appreciation of his noble and lovable ciiaracter. In the year

18^9 Mr. Stcney was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor Masterson,

and she remained his devoted and cherished comi)anion for a half cen-

tury, while in death diey were not long divided, her demise occurring

on tlie 4th of July. 11^99. while he was summoned into eternal rest on

the iith of the following .\pril. The lion red parents are sur\ived by

one son and eight daughters, their names, in order of birth, being as

follows: Mary F... the wife of W. S. Ward; Margaret R.. the wife of

v.. II. Dingier: .\nabelle S.. the wife of II. W. Wightman : Kathleen

Phillips; Misses .Mice F., Beatrice B.. Eleanor J., the wife of Harry H.

E. and F.dna M.; and Robert J.. Jr.. who is a prominent banker of

Pittsburg.

financial institution , One of the younger liusiness men in a leading

of Pittsburg has given the following appreciative tribute to the subject 5G4 COMPENDIUM Ol- lUSiURY AM) GENEALUCY

of tliese memoirs, ami it must he Ijinne in mind that Mr. Stoney was essentially and insistentlx' the friend of the young men. ever aiming to \x helpful in the true spirit which begets personal effort, self-reliance and honor in the objective, and that there are many ycjung men pronii- ncnl in the business lite of I'ittsbur;; who owe much of their success to his timely aid and wise admonitions: — "I was with Mr. Stoney for

many years and can truthfully say that I owe whatever of success I have attained entirely to him, as during the time I was with him it was as good as a school to me. He was one of the most learned men I ever met. and his knowledge was complete in all branches of literature.

He was a man of unlimited attainments and was a born leader. He was especially strong in mathematics, comprehending with facility the most abstruse problems. As far as his heart was concerned he never grew old, and he ever enjoyed the comi)any of young jjeople, who were instructed b\- his wide fund of knowledge and amused and diverted by his rare wit and humor, alwa\s kindly and spontaneous. He was a strict disci|)linarian but was invariably kind in his reproofs to his sub- ordinates, whose confidence ;nid deep afTectifni he e\er retained." The religious element in his character was positi\e and of a high tyi)c. and, while rejwsing in the faith of and l^eing a true soldier of the church militant, he was free from cant and narrowness, and preserved tlyough- out his career the |)rc-eniir,ent Christian character, being well prei)ared to have translation to the church triumphant, his having been the faith that luakes faithful.

- ISA.AC N. PATTERSON'.

This Venango county citizen, identified with several of the leading business and financial enterprises of the county and prominent in social and political life, comes of a family that has l)een resident in Pennsyl-

OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 5C7

\ania for almost a century, originally of Scotch origin. Grandfather

Robert Patterson was horn in Scotland, and later emigrated to Mercer county, Pennsylvania, where he took up the occupation of farming, hut

(lied after three months' residence here. He was a ])ioneer f)f the county and also one of the founders of the Presbyterian church in that section. l''i\e brothers nnd one sister came from Scotland with him and took up tlicir abode in the same county. One of the children of Robert was named William, and he was twelve years old when he came to .\merica. in 1814. He was a successful farmer and merchant in Mercer county until 1S73. when he moved to .Mlegheny City, where be died in 1S89.

His hcime in Mercer coimty was hewn out of the woods with his own hand. In Inisiness be luct with an unusurd degree of success, and was conspicuous for his interest in other departments of activity. He was a member of the old \\'hig party and later joined the Republicans. In religious work he followed in the footsteps of bis father, and was very zealous in promoting the advancement of the Presbyterian church in his vicinity. He contributed liberally to its support and assisted in the

I)uilding of the first Presbyterian house of worsliip in the county. It was but natural that, witli all bis kindly and noble personal qualities, be should gather a host of friends around him. and these will always revere his memory. The maiden name of the wife of William Patterson was Isabel Coleman, brief memoirs of whose family appear lielow.

Isaac N. Patterson was the third of eleven children born to Will- iam and Isabel (Coleman) Patterson. His birth occurred in Mercer county, Pennsyl\;niia, Deceml)er 12, 1833. Until he was sixteen years of age he attended the public schools, and then was a student in an academy in Butler c

and where he remained for twenty-five years. He also engaged in —

5ii8 COMPBX-mrM OF HISTORY AXD GENEALOGY

mercantile ventures on liis own account, and in tlic early oil excitement was a partner witli his brother in the producing of oil. this relationship lasting for twelve years. In 1S72 Mr. Patter.son came to Franklin.

Venango county, and e\er since that time has been considered one of the leading oil ])roducers in tlic county. He has ])rospcred in liis various enterprises and has amassed a fortune. He is modest of manner, caring little for display. Init is very public-spirited and interested in all matters affecting the general welfare of the county. He is president of the I'ranklin Savings Bank and is president nf the Grand Junction

Smelting C'iimpan\'. which is incorjiorated under the laws of the state of Maine.

Mr. Patterson was an active l\C]ni1ilican in carlv life, and still casts his ballot for that jiarty. He was married on July 2. 1871. to .Miss Ella

0. I'ramc. and three children have been born of this union, two daughters and one son.

Isabel Coleman, mentioned above as the wife of William Patterson and the mother of Isaac Newton Patterson, is connected with the old

Montgomery family, which has been established in western Pennsylvania for almost a century. William Montgomery was a native of Scotland, and his wife, Mary Evans, claimed Wales as her birthplace. He brought his family to Delaware in \j(^o and settled in the neighborhood of Wil- mington, where he owned a large farm and tannery: he also held slaves, but these he afterward freed.

There were elc\cn siins and two daughters in the family of Will- iam Montgomery, and during the Revolutionary war ten of the sons, the youngest being too young for service—enlisted in the continentrd armv and engaged in the battles for liberty until peace was declared.

Not one of this gallant band of brothers received a wound, although the

Delaware regiment in which thev served suffered severe diminution in or THE STATE OE PENNSYIAAMA. 569 numbers from disease and bullets. The family home was in such yiros.- iniity to the scene of action that its members witnessed all tiie horrors of the struggle. A force of five thousand British encamped on the

farm and established their winter (|uarters. They slaughtered the cattle

for beef and did not hesitate to appropriate anything they wished for their use. They used the large stone house for a hospital. They had seized all the linen of the household for dressing wounds, and on one occasion a soldier rudely tore ofT a linen neckerchief worn by the lady of the house, but the natural txalJantry of the luiglish officer asserted itself and he rcpmvcd the soldier aiul offered the lady in compensation his own silk scarf.

( )ne of these eleven sons was named William, who was the grand-

father of Isabel Coleman. Soon after the lieginning of the Revolution he ui.irried Mary Xicholas, and several years after the establishment of

peace, in 1791, he brought his family and household g<:)ods, in a four-horse

wagon, to a point on Chartiers creek seven miles below Pittsburg, where he remained for si.x years. In March, 1797, having purchased a land-

right for two tracts of four hundred and twenty-seven acres each, he came to Wolf creek (now Wolf Creek township, Mercer county, Penn- sylvania), bringing with him his two oldest sons, William and Thomas, lx)ys of fifteen and eleven years of age. They established a settlement and built a cabin within what is now Robert Thompson's orchard, and they also built on the uthcr tract, within the Ixnindaries of what is now the Coulter farm. The father left the sons to keep possession of the new- settlement, and returned to his former home for provisions and other supplies, among other articles, kettles for making maple sugar. On the way back he broke his arm and w as compelled to return to the old settle- lucnt and remain there si.x weeks,—long, lonely and an.xious weeks we may ini.'igine they were f^r the boys in their lodge in the wilderness, :

570 LOMI'BNDIL'M OP HISTORY AND GESE.ll.OGY

witli onlv tlic rcil man tVir a nciglilxir. During al! tliis time llicy saw only two wliite men. hut were never molested, although they could hear the Indians shooting in the forest every day. On one occasinu. hearing a commotion at the hen-roost and thinking it was caused by Indians, they prepared as best they could for defense. Init were much relieved on finding the cause of their .ilarm to be wolves. They were almost out of provisions when their father returned, but they had cleared a field for corn, aufl after the summer spent in taking care of the crop they went l)ack to the older settlement and in ihc following spring the entire family moved to the new atade.

There were four sons and six daughters in this housch ild. Eliza- beth married John Miller: Margaret, the next in order of birth, became the wife of Andrew Irwin: William married Sarah I'.arnes: Mary married Joshua Coleman, and they were the maternal grand])arents of Isaac

Newton Patterson: Thomas married Margaret Waldron: John was the

husband of Elizabeth Barnes : .Alexander married Xancy Cassiday

Xancy married Matthew Irwin: .\nn was the wife of Samuel Vaughn: and Isal^elle married Thomas Leisure.

. WILLIAM ASIIPd-tlDGE P-ALDWIX.

William .\shbridge lialdwin. ])resident of the Cleveland and Mari- etta Railway Company, son of Joseph Tri'nblc I'laldwiu and his wife.

Louisa .\nn Baldwin, was born in Philadelphia. Penn.sylvania. June 28.

He is the sixth m direct descent from William I'aldwin. of Gis- bourne. Yorkshire, England, who, about the year 1714. settled in

Bucks county. Pennsylvania. .\ minister of the Society of Friends, he came first to the new world on a "religious visit" or mission, which or Tim ST. IT p. OP PENNSYIJ'ASIA. r.71

incliKkd in its scojic Maryland. V'irtjinia ami tlic Carolinas, as well as

I'cnitsylsaiiia and ])arts of New I'lnt^land, wIktc there were congre-

<;;ali()ns (if liis cc i-rclij^ii mists ; and. accofdin.y to tlie records, gave satisfaction to those rnnon'4 whom lie ministered. For four generations the family remained Drthodox I'^riends. Migrating to Chester valley, they intermarried with Puseys. Edges, Trimhles and Thomases—names well known in the ann.als of the (jiiaker Society in that |)art of the

World. .\ great-gr.'indson of the founder of the famil\- in .Vinerica. was. like his ancestors, an "esteemed minister." hut two of his sons, while adhering to the ])rinci]>les of I'"rieiids. lost their hirthright meni- hershi]) hy marrj-ing outside of tlie Society. One of these. Josei)li

Trimljle I'.aldwin. father of the present W'illi.am .\shhridge Pialdwin. was a merchant of r'liikuU'lphia — a ni.aii helosed for his warm and generous heart, as well as for his sterling integrity, personrd chrnaii and hright intellect.

With such a heritage William Ashhridge I'.aldwin came into the

world, well endowed with g 1 mentrd mid ])hysic.'d .ahilities. The early death of his father ohliged him to de])eiid mainlv u|)on his own exertions for success in life. The greater part of his education was received in the school of his uncle. Thomas Baldwin, a conscientious and distinguished instructor and man of letters in his day. This was supplemented hy a year with S.amuel Also]). ;it Wilmington. Delaware, and a suhse(|uent course of engineering. He entered the railw.ay ser\-ice. in Xo\cmher. 1S51. as a chainnian of the Coal Run Railroad, in Schuylkill countw Peiins\l\ania. I'roni iS^j to 1854 he was assistant engineer of this road, and in the litter year was appointed leveler

.and topographer of the Packawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad. He

manifested such an '.'uthusiastic liking for his profession and such

inteIHgence in the work assigned him that he was offered the position 572 COMl'HXDn'M ()! IIISTORV .IXP CESE.ll.OCY

of assistant engineer, 1c\elcr and Inpograplicr nf tlie lln'iduras Inter-

Oceanic Ivailroad. Central America, under Mr. John C. Trantwine. line of llie foremost civil engineers of his time in the United States, this survey occupying the year 1S57 to late in i

])crience.

Decemher 1, 185S, he received the .appointment of clerk to the superintendent of the Western I)i\ision of I'ennsyKaiii.a Railroad, located at I'ittshurg, Pennsylvania. From January, \%(\o. to Fehru- arv, 1862, he was assistant engineer. I'ennsyKania Kailro:id. under Mr.

Hasell W. Wilson, its chief engineer. Imoui i^'ehruary 7. i86j, to

March 1,^. 1868, he v.:is superintendent of the Western l)i\ision of the Philadelphia and I'.ric l\ailro;id. I'cnnsyK .inia Railroad lessee, located at Erie, Pennsylvania.

Imoui March.. 1868, to May, 1870, he was assistant general su]x?r- intendent of the Philadelphia and lu-ic Railroad. From May, 1870. to Octolier, 1873, he was general sui)erintendent of the Philadelphia and Erie Division of the Pcnns\l\ania Railroad, l-'rom October, 1873, to September, 1881, he was general superintendent of the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad, and also of the Susquehanna and Shamokin divisions of the Xorthem Central Railroad, making his home at W'illiamsport,

Pennsylvania.

From Septemlier i. 1881. to May i, 1882, he was assistant general manager to the Pennsylvania Company and the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis Railway lines, with his residence at Pittsburg, Pennsyl- vania. From May i. 1883. to March 31, 1888. he devoted himself ex- clusi\ely to the interests of the Pennsylvania Company lines as man- : :

(;/• THE STATE OE PEKSSYLWINIA. 573

ager. tilling the office satisfactorily tf> its officials, lie ever demanding more of himself than others required.

From April i. 1888, to April, 189J. he was vice president and general manager of tlie Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway, and lived in Rochester, Xew York. In 1893 he was appointed president and general manager of the Cleveland and Marietta Railway, having his home in Zanesville. Ohio. From January i, 1900, to the present he has been president of the Cleveland and Marietta Railway, with his residence at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.

This list of offices, worthily filled, represents an active and industrious life. With some modest self-distrust, there has always l)een an honorable aml)iti<.n to jierform faithfully the duties of the hour, and to meet all. claims upon the iMiwcrs which were constantly being trained

for better service. Distinguished by an incorruptible integrity. William

Ashl)ridge Baldwin is esteemed by all who knew him well. With a

bruscpie manner, which luiglit mislead a stranger, he has as warm a

heart as ever lieat. and a generous hand. Some words used by Elliert

Hubbard in characterizing the late Mr. Thf>mas Reed, seems applicable

in this case

"He was an absolutely honest man. My belief is that nuich of

his brusqueness and sweeping sword play was merely nature's plan for protecting the inmost recesses of a great and tender soul."

William .Xshbridge I'aldwin married, November 22, 1864, Emily,

eldest daughter of Mr. W. Hascll Wilson, chief engineer of the Penn-

syKania Railroad. Fi\c children have l)een Ixirn to them, as follows:

Louisa Linn, who died in infancy: Jane Wilson, who married John

E. Porter of Sewickley, Pennsylvania ; Joseph Trimble, deceased

Hasell Wilson, now connected with the .\merican Car and Foundry

Company, Milton, Pennsylvania: and Isabella Douglass. 574 COMriiNDIUM OF HISTORY .IXP CIINEAI.OGY

CAIT.MX W 11,1.1 \M II. L.WIUS.

I'lie ;ili(i\e naniod. wlm is a I'liion veteran with a hitjlily crcililalile

and c'\cn lirilliant mi!itav\' record. Cdiiics of a I'ainiK wiiicli has heen

well kiKiwn for nian\- .qeneratinns Imlli in Xew ^'l irk and in I'ennsyl-

\'ania. Ilie ]);iternal aiiecstors were of (lernian origin. Innq' residin.c^

in ^'nrk• and \icinil\'. where lhe\- were iirnminent and inlhiential in the

.Mciia\ian ehnreh .and in the .affairs of city and county. I lenry Lanins.

father ,>f the Captain, in.arried Miss .\njjeline Miller, whose ancestry,

of luiLjiish and hrench lliimienot niixtine. settled on I.oni; Island at

an earl\- jieriod in the history of that section. Me was a siicccssfnl Inni-

her merchant, and dina'nii' the hrst years of the ("i\il war was elected to

the ofhce of chief l)iir

w.as ,an inlhiential memher.

llis son. William II. Lanius, was l)orn at Flnshin.s;. Long Island,

Xovcniher jfi. 1S43. and was educated in jirivate schools, supplemented

hy a course in the York Count v .Xcadenry. \\licrc lie excelled as a stu-

dent. .\fter leaving school he clerked in his father's oflice, until his

peaceful i)nrsuit was rudely interrupted hy the "shoutings of the ca]i-

tains" and all the jiride. poni]) and circumstance of war. ^'o^Ulg Lanius

was among the innumcralile host who sprang ])romptly to arms in re-

sponse to his country's call, and on ,\ugust 25, 1861. enlisted as a

pri\atc in Com])any A, Eighty-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volun-

teer Infantry. Two weeks later he was ])romoted to the r.ank of orderly

sergeant of Comjiany I. and served in that ca])acit\' during the regi-

ment's subsequent cam])aign in the mountains of West Virginia. March

2. 1863. when less than twenty years old. he was promoted to a second

lieutenancy, and was the voinigest connmissioned officer in the regiment.

lie ])articipated with his comm.and in the affair ;it Xewtown. June 12, Of Till'. Sr.llJS OF PENNSYLVANIA. 575

1863. llic eiis^a.i^ciiK'nts anuiiid Winclicstcr (liirin,!4- tlic two succeeding

(lays and in the lattle of Carter's Woods on June 15, where lie led liis

])art of tlie line up to the enemy's works. When the Union troops,

ovcrpov crc

escaped to llar|iri's h'crry with that jiart of the regiment under Colonel

Schall. and for se\eral weeks thereafter was acting adjutant. He was

with his regiment in the Third I'rigade, 'I'liird Division of the Third

.\rmy Cor])S, in the engagement at Manassas Gap. July 23; Bealton

_'C) Stati(;n. Oeloher ; Kelly's Ford. November 7; and Brandy Station,

.Vovemher (S. During the absence of Ca])tain Pfeiffer on brigade staff

Lieutenant Lanius conunandcd Company 1 in the engagement at Locust

(jfove on .\o\ember 27. He was also in command of his company

when the Third Division was to lead the assault on the Confederate

works at .Mine Run, Xoxembcr 30. which attack was finally abandoned

(.11 account of the impregnable ]x)sition of the enemy. Decemljer 7,

while in wiiUer (piarters at Ibandy Stati

first lieulenanl to succeed .\nth

adjut.-inl. When ( ieneral Morris was wounded at S|xittsylvania, May

9. i8C)4, and Colonel Schall succeciled to the command of the I"ir»t

Brigade. Third Di\-ision of the Si.xth Corps, in which the Eighty- se\enth Regiment was then ser\ing. Lieutenant Lanius was a])pointed aide on the brigade staff. When CoIoirI Truex. the senior officer. assumed command of tin hirst Brigade, he was continuetl on the latter's staff and served as such in the engagements of. Grant's campaign in i8f)4. including the movement of the army from the Rapidan to

I'etersburg. the battle of the Wilderness. Spittsylvania. Laurel Hill.

To Ri\er. Xorib Anna. Toloi)otomy, Cold Hari>or and the Weldon

K.iihd.ul. After Cajilain Pfeiffer was killed at Cold Harlxir, Lieu- tenant Lanius was commissioned captain of Company I on June 25, 570 COM/'ILXDICM or HISTORY AM) CliX E.ll.OCY

Iiiit --till rct;iinc(l his ]xisiti(iii as aide on the staff nf the hrit^adc coin-

iiiander.

When the scene shifted from the snil of old \'ir<;inia ti> the smiling

fields of Maryland, as a result of Early's famous raid durinjij the sum-

mer of 1864, Captain Lanius gained additional laurels by his services

in assisting to repel the invader. Early's army, numhcring. all told,

about Iweuty-fixo thousand men. had crossed the Potomac at Shep-

herdstown aud other lords and advanced ra])i(lly 1 m b'rederick. Near

that city and near the railroad bridge which crosses the Monocacy river

at that point was fought, on |ul\- 9. iSC)4. one of the sharpest engage-

ments of the war, when time and uuiuber of troops engaged are taken

into consideration. It was opened b\ Mct'ausland's brigade, consisting

of four regiments of mounted infautr\ , wIk. on that day constituted the vanguard of I^arly's ariuy. deneral Wallace's forces, uuml>ering about

forty-fuc hundred men. repelled McCauslaud's attack with some loss aud forced that comni.nider to fall back aud wait for reinforcements.

These were sj)eedily sent forward under (iordou. who advanced with a large body of veteran infantry against the left Hank of General Wal- lace's position, which was carried after a very brief but very bloody assault. The part taken in this engagement by Captain Lanius is thus spiritedly described by Colonel Stable in his description of the affair:

"In the battle of Monocacy, July 9. 1864," he writes, "Captain Lanius displayed both courage and daring. In the afternoon of that day, when the Confederates were re-forming their line in a woods iu our front with the intention of turning out; left, he came riding gallantly along our lines, bringing an order l\\m\ General Wallace for the Eighty-seventh

Pennsylvania and the Fourteenth New Jersey to charge across a field and take position by the Thomas House." This charge was success- OP THE STATE Of PENNSYLVANIA. 677

fullv executed. Init sixni afterward Captain Lanius. wliile passing through a sliower of balls, rccei\ed a womid in the arm wliicli disaljled liim fi>r aljout two months, when lie returned to the regiment, then under Sheridan in tlie Slienandoali valley, and tofjk command of Com- l)any I, with which he participated in the battles of the Opequan and

Fisher's Hill.

In September, 1864. at the expiration of the three years' term of service, he returned with the regiment to ^'ork and engaged in the lumber business, which he conducted with energy and success for a number of years. In 1884 he organized the West End Improvement Company, which opened uj) and develoi)ed the western part of York, "and two years later he was the moving spirit in r)rganizing the York Street Railway

Company, of which he has been president since 1886. In 1890. chiefly through his efforts, the York Trust Company was organized, and of

this also he has been president since its inception. This institution has

done a large anrl prosperous business, and has Ijeen a source of benefit

I)oth to the managers and the general public. He is also president of

the Eastern Extension of the Baltimore and Ilarrisburg Railroad, was

the first president of the board of trade of York in 1886, and is a trustee of the York County .\cadeniy and the ^'ork Historical Society. In

1867 he was one of tlie charter members and became the first com-

mander of Sedgwick (Irand .\rniy Po.st No. ^~. at York, and was its

representative several times at state and national encampments. He is

a member of the Loyal Legion and tlie Masonic fraternity, and served

eight years in the borough and city councils of York. He has been

equally prominent in ix)litics, and in 1884 was a delegate to the Repub-

lican national convention which nominated James G. Blaine for the

presidencv of the United States. Captain Lanius has displayed good 578 CUMI'ENDIUM (;/ IIIS/ORV .IXP UEXL.ll.OGV

judgment, fertility of resmirce and rare executive al)ility in all his l)usi- iiess eiUeiprises. and for l\\enty-li\e years has been one of tlie energetic and puljlic-spirited citizens of York.

BF,NTAM1X C, I'.OWMAN.

Williamsport has liecn the home and scene of labor of many men

\vh(j ha\e not onl\ led lives that should scr\e as an exami)le to those who come alter them, but ha\e also been of ini])(irtant service to their city and state through \arious a\eiiues of usefulness, .\mong them must he named Denj.'unin C. llownian. who jiassed away in June, 1S93. alter a life of industry and a career rich in those rare possessions which only a high character can give.

.V native of New Y

Ihdonie county, .\pril 7, iSiS. .-nid was a son of l^benezer and Sylvania

!'. ( Darneby) Bowman. Me was left motherless when only thirteen years old. and after her death his father, who was a native of Vermont, returned to that state, lienjamin spent his boyhtiod near Binghamton,

New York, and was educated in the public scliools of that city. On the death of his mother he went to (ireat P.end. Suscjuehanna county, Penn- sylvania, where he was employed on a farm until he attained his majority. On the 8th of January, 1840, Mr. Bowman was united in mru"- riage to Miss Eliza .\nn Buck, of Susquehanna county, and for over fifty-two years they traveled life's journey together, sharing its joys and sorrows, its adversity and prosperity. Two sons survive their parents, these being Francis C, who is engaged in mercantile and lumber business in Williamsport, I'ennsylvania. and is interested in various other business enterprises, and James Walton, now manager of the business in one of the offices. OF THE STATE OF PF.XXSYl.rAMA. oiy

Fur two years after liis marriage Mr. Bowman was engaged in farming ui)i)n rented land in Susqueiianna countv. and then removed to

Center county, where lie cmLarked in the lunil)cr husiness In' purchasing an old sawmill and a tract of tinlher land, which he cleared. He engaged in tlic manufacture of lumher and rafted the product of his mills down tlie Moshannon. Later he huilt a steam sawmill near Phil- ipshurg. Center county, and hauled his luinber on wagons to Clearfield creek, whence he rafted it down tlie ri\er and thence to market. Ijeing one of the lirst men to float logs down the Susquehanna to Williams- port. I'rom a humble beginning Mr. Ijowman worked his way upwarfl until he became one of the most extensive luml)er operators in Center and Clearfield counties.

In January. 186.J. he li cated in W'illiamsport. and as a member of the firm of Borrows, Bowman & Company purchased the Starr Mills, which the>- oj^eraled for many years, though in the meantime the firm name was changed to Bowman. Foresman & Company. Mr. Bowman was also a member of the firm of B. C. Bowman & Company and B.

Foresman & Company, and was president of the Bownnan Lumber Com- pany of West Virginia. For many years he was connected with the

Susqueiianna Boom Company and served as its president. He was also president of the Lycoming Rubber Companx' from its organization, was vice president of liic Lumberman's National Bank. \ice president of the

Susquehanna Trust & Safe Deposit Company and a director of the

Wiliiamspovt Gas Company. It will thus be seen that he was prominently identified with many of the leading business enterprises of this portion of the slate, and as a jiromoter of such lie did much to advance the general welfare. His career seems almost phenomenal, yet his success was by no means the result of fortunate circumstances. It came to him through ciierg\-. Ial)or and perseverance, directed by an evenly 580 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .1X1) GENEALOGY

balanced miiul aiTl liy hdii'ir.ililc hissiness principles. He alwass made the most (if ills op])

(lertakinJ,^s.

rojiticall}- Mr. IJowman was a Democrat, and he ever manifested an acli\e interest in public affairs. In religious faith lie was a Meth- odist and served as president of the board of trustees in Grace Meth- odist Episcopal church of \\'illiams]5iirt and as steward of that organization. He was also a trustee of Dickinson Seminary and the Young

Men's Christian .AssfKiation, and gave libendly of his means to the supixirt of religious, charitable and educational institutions. He was tiuly benevolent, and tJie ]i a i)usincss man he ranked among tlie ablest as a citizen he was honorable, promjit and true to every engagement; as a man he held the hon

he was a model worthy of all imitation : unassuming in manner, sincere in his friendships, steadfast and unswerving in his loyalty to the right.

THOMA.S il.\\'S.

I'riminent in political circles anrl in the business development and substantial upbuilding of his section of the state, Thomas Ilays is well entitled to distinction as a representative citizen. Honored and respected by all, there is no man who occupies a more enviable position in industrial or financial circles, not only l^ecause of the success which lie has achieved but also by reason of the honorable, straightforward business policy he has ever followed. Although he started out in business life in a humble capacity, which brought him but twenty-five dollars per month, he is

MRS y^— % ^^^^^{^^ M^.

OF THE STATE OP PEMNSYLI'ASIA. 5h3

now a leadiiit^ factor and Iieavy stocklKjlder in a number of important enterprises, anil. moreo\er. liis fellow citizens, recognizing his loyalty and his devotion to the l;est interests of the state, have selected him as their rci)resentnti\e in the general assembly

Mr. Hays was lK)rn in Sugar Creek townshi]). Armstrong C(junty. rennsylvania. January ly, 1840. a son of Robert and Delxjrah (McKee)

Hays. Robert Hays, a native of county Donegal. Ireland, emigrated to

.\merica in 1821. locating in .Armstrong county, where he resided continuously until 1874. when lie removed to h'airview township. Butler county. Pennsylvania, which was iiis place of residence until his death, which occurreil in 1877. lie wa< much respected and beloved thnjughout tlie community in wliich he Ii\ed. and in his home he was a devoted husband and father, lie was also known as a successful farmer, and was an active Republican, and served as township trustee for many years and was also a school director, taking an active and helpful interest in educational matters. He married Del; rah McKee. a daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Blaine) McKee. and a granddaughter of Andrew Mc-

Kee. who was a soldier of the continental army in the i-ievolutionary war and at his death was laid to rest in the cemetery of Union church, in Middlesex. Armstrong coun.ty. Pennsylvania. Thomas McKee was a native of Cumberland valley, eastern Pennsylvania, and died in Sugar

Creek townshi]). Armstrong county. His wife was a relative if James

Gillespie Blaine, the noted Maine statesman.

Thomas H.iys w;is one of a family of nine children liorn to Robert and Deborah Hays, all i:f whom are still living. He attended the common schools of his native state until his twentieth year, and. anibiti<^us

to become a teacher, he made some preparation for that profession, but after spending one term as a student in the high school at Adams, Arm-

strong county, he put aside his te.xt ix)oks and yieldetl to his patriotism 584 C()MriL\f)irM or HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

aril U'canic a (IcU'ikKt nf \\'\<. cduiitrw oiilistinij in ScptcinliL-r, iS(^)i, in

Company 11. One liumlrtd and 'I'lnrd Pennsylvania Kcginicnl nf XOl- unteers, wiiicli was assigned to scrxice in Casey's divisi(jn. I'onrlli

Corps, Army of tiie I'litomac, and participated in the Peninsular campaign and the battles of \\'illiam^^.urg. Se\en Pines, •"air Oaks. Mal\crn

Hill and dtlicr engagefiients. Later the regiment was transferred to the

Eighteenth Corps and statinned at SnlTulk, Virginia. In Xovemher,

i86_', under general urilers frdui the war department. Mr. I lax's re-enlisted in Pattery L. I^'ourth United States .\rtillery. and suhse(|uently served in the siege of Siiffnlk. at ^'nrktown, the siege of Petershurg,

Ciild 1 larhor and the engagtment before Kichnidnd. and was honnrablx'

(liscliarged, November 13, 1S64. It was his li>t to e.\])erience m;m\- of the hardships nf war and knnw much nf the real rigor ruid carnage of battle. During the heat of the second battle (if ("old ilarb ir, seventeen horses and eighteen men ne.ar him were shot down within half an hour.

An event of interest concerning the comi)any in which he lirst enlisted bears not only on his record l;ut also upon the history of his wife, who at that time was Miss Kizzie I^'oster. When the war broke out most of the young men of the neighborhood enlisted, and Miss I'oster and her sclicolmates made with their own hands and presented to Company B the first flag the company e\er had. and with it the girls gave orders that if any man attem])ted to piiU down the starry lianner he was to be sh()t

Xorth Canjlina. when the regiment, being surrounded and outnumbered, was captured after several days of hard lighting. One of the boys, however, wrapped the dag around his body and concealed it while they were in .\ndersonville. Sonic of the time it was buried for safe-keeping and if the boy wh<; had it in. cliarge died, as a numljer of them did, another or 'I III-. STATE or riiNNSYLl'ASI.l 585

would lake chart^e nf tlic tla.t;-. At k'n!4tli llic war cmkIcI and the prisoners were cxclian!:;e(l and tlie \Va'^ was then returned in triumph to tlic county fruni which it came, after ahnnsl four years of al)scncc. It is still In lie seen near h"rce])nrt, Armsln insj;' county, tattered, turn and worn, a mule reminder of the sufferinj; and liardsliips hurne hy the hrave hoys in lilne m re than forty years a_t;^o, hut a token that the I'nion was saved and struids tu-dav the strongest repnhlic mi the face of the g"lo])e.

On the Jist of Deceml or. 1X63, Thnmas I lays and Ki/.zie I-'oslcr were united in marriai^'e. She was hurn Marcli JJ. 1841. in Su,e;ar Creek township. Armslrnui^' cuuntw nn. the farm helnnginj.;' tn iicr father. Chris- tojjher I'oster. ller remnte rmcestirs in hnih the i).itern;d ,in

fur ;i year fur Iwenty-fue dull.ars jier niunth, and he refers with jiride

ti> the fact, th.at. after makini;' ;i wise selection of a lielpm.ate and coni-

]i;un'uu fur life's j mrnev. in the jierson of his excellent wife, he was en;ihlcd tu sa\e fruni his earnintj in two \-ears the sum uf one thousan

indixidn.al ;md ;is ;i ji.artner uf ulhcrs. lie is also a leading stockholder rmd the ])rcscnt treasurer of the F.\-;uis Manufacturing Com]):uiv. manu- f.icturers of gas and gasoline engines and su]iplies at TUitler. I'enusvl- vania. lie has a Large ainuunl uf \;dnal)le real estate in this county and elsewhere, and ;it uuc time uwued cunsiderahle stuck in the I'reeport

Xaliun.d ILnik. lie hecamo one of the original stockholders .ind directors in the I'.uiners" Xatiun.d I'.auk uf lUitler. and feels a just pride in the f.icl th.il it has hccouie one i>\ the suliil and prus])erous h.anking houses uf tlu' tuwn. lie hclieves this tu he une uf the hest investments that he — 7

oS& COMPENDICM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lias c\cr niadc. wliicli stalciiHiU is Ixiriic out in tlic shijuiiig- of tlie lianl<

ic])i)rt made Xnvenilicr 25, 1902. as follows:

Loans and discnnnts $378,946.15 United States honds 104,000.00 Banking liousc furniture, etc 23,072.71 United States treasury 5,000.00 Cash and due frimi l):uiks 102,126.32

$613,145.18 Liabilities Capital $100,000.00 Surplus and jirofits 21,159.01 Circulation 100,000.00 Deposits 39 1 .986. 1

$613,145.18

'i"n Mr. and Mrs. Hays six children ha\c hcen horn, of whom four

\'. arc h\in.i;;': Jennie L.. the wife of Dr. l". 'i"h mas : Christojihcr V.:

RoI.ert X.: ;uid Maude l'>. Th mias 11. died .\ugust 24, 1901, :nid I'rederick W. died Novemher 24. 1902. l"or fourteen years Mr. Hays has hecn a member of the ATasnnic fraternity, and he also hclonqs to the

.\ncient Order of United Workmen, while he and his family hold mem- ijership in the Presbyterian church, in which he has ser\ed for twentv- se\en years as an elder. In T'airview. I'ennsvKania, twenty-five years ago, he was a member of the building committee at the time of the erection of the Presbyterian house of worslii]) and gave generously to the cause, and he is now a member of the building coiiimittee of the

Second Presbyterian church of P.utlcr. He has ever been a generous contributor to churcli and charitable enterprises, and has never allowed the accumulation of wealth to affect in the slightest degree bis treatment of those less fortunate in financial matters.

.\lwavs loval to the jjrinciples of the Republican ])arty, he has never sought office, but at the solicitation of his friends in the summer of ()/ Tim STATU or /'r.xxsvi.r.ixn. 587

!(>()_' lie CDiisentcil to Iiecnnic a camlidatL' I r tlie state Ici^islature and was eleclod nii the 4tli nf Xoxemlicr. lie has Inii;' been a chani|)i(>n of lalinr rcfiirm and is alsu in fa\or n\ lalmr nninns. and will no dou'jt advocate snch sentiments in the house of re]iresentati\es. lie has ever heen tearless in defense of his honest convictions, and nothing can swerve him from a cause which he heliexes to he right. Throiighont his life hi' has manilcsted the same lovaltv in citizenship which he (lispla\'ed when he donncil the country's hlue uniform and went forth in defense

ol the I'nion. and his lain as ha\e 1 ecu ei|ually etTective in church work and in the husiness world, his record ])ro\ing the force r)f industry cajiahle m.anagcment .and keen foresight in the accuiuulatiou of a handsome conii)etence.

AD.VM \\I1..S()\.

riie tiini of A. v*v S. Wilson, contractors and builders of Pittsbure-. was organized in 1S3J. i)eing com])osed of Alexander, Samuel and

J( sei)li Wilson. In this half-century of existence they have constructed some of the most important buildings in Pittsburg, large and magnilicent homes and business blocks of the fine.st character, among them the beautiful residences in the east end of the city, the GufTv. Chikls,

Stewart, i.ockhart and Peacock homes in the fashionable cjuarter, and

the X'andergift. Ferguson. Mechanics' Rank and I lorne retail establishment iK'Uses ;uid many others that are a ]>ride to the city.

.\dam W ilson. one of the present meml)ers of the firm, was born two years alter the original company was formed, .\ngust jS. 1854, in

Pittslnirg. His father was Samuel \\ils

of tlie firni of A. & S. Wilson. Mis hard work and i>orseverancc were

tlie means of gaining a liandsome comjx;tencc. and lie liad the honor of

helping Iniild nji the citv of Pittsburg. .\s a citizen he was honorable

and upright, but (piiet and unostentatious and extremely conservative,

devoted only to his trade and family. He married Eliza Mitchell, and

they had eleven chililren. seven sons and four daughters, all of wdiom

are living. Samuel Wilson died in 1892, having for the jiast forty-six

years been a member of the I'nited Presliyterian church.

.\dam, who inherited many of the excellent traits of his father,

was educated in the public schools and the Newels private school in

Pittsburg, and in September, 1869. entered Duff's Mercantile College,

where he was graduated. He began his career in the humble position

of driver of a wagon for the firm of which his father was a meml)er,

was afterward made the company's bookkeeper, which he continued for

four years, and then learned and worked at the trade of carpenter, after

which he was made foreman and then superintendent. Up to 1883 he had a working interest in the company, and in 1886 was admitted to a

partnership, and he has since done much to keqj the establishment upon the high plane upon which its original proprietor placed it. and to advance its mterests still further. Mr. Wilson is a clear-headed and cal- culating business man, and has the confidence of the ])ublic in all his imdertakings.

Mr. Wilson has been a life-long Republican, but takes no active part in politics. He is a member of the Duquesne Club and the Belle- field Club of Pittsburg, for years has been a meml)er of the Pittsburg

Builders' Exchange and the Master Builders' Association, and acted as president of both organizations. He was married in 1897 to Miss

Mary Dickson Watson, of Pittsburg, and three children have l^en born to them. Ol- TIIF. Sr.lTE OF rnXXSVfJ'.-iXJ.I. 5sy

WILLIAM STEVENSON.

William Ste\enson. deceased, was for nearly balf a century one of the most familiar in the commercial marts of r'ittslnirsj. Coming here when a hoy. and without means, he tried \arious mercantile enterprises with more or less success and eventually found solid ground for the establishment of a firm which has continueil without a break for more than thirty years. During all this time Mr. Stevenson was an inlluential figure in th'.- business and financial world of the iron metro|>- olis. .\s a mcrcliant lie ranked high, not onlv on account of his skill

Ixith as a buyer and seller and his intimate familiarity with the trade, but because of the probity of his life and tlie strict integrity of his dealings. Aside fri m his business, which absorbed so much of his attention, he found time to attend to all those duties which go to the making of a good citizen, and has an exemplary character in all the walks of life. .\s father of a numerous family, as a consistent church member, as a factor in worthy enterjiriscs of an ujilifting nature, Mr. Stevenson presented an example worthy of imitation and one which gained him universal estcenv The story of his life is soon told, as it was quiet and symmetrical from beginning to end and characterized bv no incident out of the ordinarw

His father was Francis Stevenson, who came to .\merica from county Antrim, Ireland, in 1813. and shortly afterward located in southwestern rennsylvania. Like most Irish emigrants of that dav. he came over with little or no means and was com|ielled to depend upon hard work tn make i)rovision for the dav that was pa.ssing over him.

Wilham Stevenson was born in Washington county, Pennsvlva- nia, ne-ir Cannonsburg, in Xovembcr, i8ji. and at a verv early age found in'mself compelled to struggle for a living. In the hoi)e of find- 590 coMi'iixnirM or insroh')' ./.w iJi-.xii.ii.oGV

iny- :m Mponing, l;c wciil to tlic tnwii nf l'itts))iii[;. which, tliough at that time not a large place, was already giving signs of the great future that :ininiatc(l it as the center f>f the iron industry of the natimi. Soon

.after his arri\al ]\lr. Stc\ensou, though as yet hardly more than .'i hoy, succeeded in getting into tlie firni of ^'oung, Stevenson & Love, who o])cnei! a ilrv-goods store on Market street. He soon withdrew troni this concern, however, .and joined the co-jiartncrshi]) of Mitchell, Stev- enson & Company for the m.anufacturc of stoves. He acted for some time as a commercial tiaxeler of this lirni. Init i\entu.all\' withdrew and united with his f;ither-in-l.'iw in the jirinting .and st.alioncry business on

Wood street and 'i'liird avenue, .\fter the death of his jiartner he

joined with W'illi.am ( i. I'oster in the establishment of a firm under their joint names, whidi was destined to Ix? permanent and pros])erous.

Stevenson & I'oster, who l)egan business as wholesale printers and sta- tioners nearly thirty years ago. ha\c continued up to the present time, and, though recently increased by the addition as partners of Alexander

Calhoun, J. O. Wells, B. S. Smith, George R. Dornian, Alan C. Steven- son and Kdwin L. Stevenson, the only change in the title was to Steven- son & I'Oster Company. Subsequent to the original formation of the tirm tlie place of business was changed to Fifth avenue and later to the building on W'ood street that was recently destroyed by fire.

There is something pathetic in the fact that this disastrous con- flagration, by which was destroyed so much of his life work, occurred during the last and fatal illness of the veteran founder, though the news of the calamity was mercifully withheld from him. His health had lieen failing for some time, and h.e died hcbruary 15, 1901, from a general breaking down, about ten days after the destruction of his mercantile establishment. Ihe firm, howc\er, with characteristic energy, immediately began operations to re-establish their ])lant, and so speedily OP THE STATE OP PESXSYIJ'AMA. 591

was tliis accnmplislied tliat scarce!}- a check in tlie l)iisiness was notice- rilile. It is still going f)n as of okl. and is recfignized as one of the standard concerns of its kind in tlie enterprising metropolis at the head iif the Ohio river.

Mr. Stevenson was long connected with tlie First United Presby- terian clunch at Pittsburg, and both by precept and example enforced the best tenets of enlightened Christianity. In 1863 he selected as his bride Miss Helen Mar. daughter of William S. Haven, with whom he li\c

Manufacturing Comi)any : .Man C. was associated with his father in the

])rinting business: May is the wife of V. K. McCance. of Pitt.sburg:

Edwin L. was associated with his father in the printing' business: Picr- tha is at home: William D. i^ with the Johns-Manville Company: Mal- colm R. is with the Monongahela I'urnaces of National Tulie Company,

McKeespnrt, Pennsylvania ; Paul is manager of Pittsburg office of

Morse Chain Company: Donald is at the Pennsylvania State College: and Kenneth is attending Blair Presbyterian .\ca

New Jersey.

!"R.\NKLIX i!.\RD ROCKWELL.

Franklin Hard Rockwell, whu is numliered among the substantial citizens of this jiortinn of the Keystone state, was born in Mil-

waukee, Wisconsin, on the 27th of Noveml)er. 1844. wlu'le his father.

John S. Rockwell, was a native of the state of New York, but sub- 592 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

sequcntly tixik up Iiis alxnle in Wisconsin. Mr. ivockwcll is directly

descended from Kevdliitionarv stock. Ilis aiicestur. Jahez Rnckwell,

Jr. ( 1740-1837). foiitjht under Colonel Sanniel 11. Parsons in tiic Si.xth

Refifimcnt of Connecticut, and a detailed account of liis services are

given in the pulilic records of Danlnn y. Connecticut.

The early education of I'"ranklin II. Rinkwcll was aciinired in tlie

district scjiools if his native state, and when a mere lad of fifteen years he chose to I}cciime a tanner in llonesdale, Pennsylvania, in which husi-

ness he continued until 1S71. in th.'it year he came to Warren and

resumed the occupatii'U of a tanner. During the many }ears which have come and tjune since Mr. Rockwell entered upon his husiness career he h:is nrosjiered in his undcrtakin.ijs. and he is now the owner of one hunilred ;md twenty-fnc thousand acres of land in Mexico and

forty thousand acres in the state of Krmsas, l)csidcs extensive mining

interests in .\ri/ona. lie has also (hsposed of \aluahle oil lancls to the

Standard Oil Comprniy. whith were worth many thousands of dollars and which were located in this \icinit_\'. Much might he said as to Mr.

Rockwell's aggressiveness in Inisiness. of his force and energy, com- hined with the judiciousness that has enabled him to amass a large fortune, and in addition to his interests already mentioned he has l^een a director in the Warren .Savings Hank and is now jiresident of the First

National llruik of Warren, which latter ixjsition he has held since his election in 18Q4.

On the 3d of July, iSC)C). Mr. Rockwell w;is united in marriage to

Miss Tamer Gilbert, a daughter of lulwin V.. C.ilbert, of llonesdale,

l'cuns\lvania, and three children have been born of this union, all of whom are living. In his social relations he is a mcml)er of the Lotus

Club of New Voik city, also of the Conewango Club, of which he was one of the organizers and its first ])resident, and is connected with many OF THE STATE OF FENNSYLVAMA. 59:5

otlicr cluLs. Ixith licre and elsewhere. .Although reared under Demo- cratic irincii-les. lie has always hecn a stanch Republican, hut is not a politician in an}- sense of the w(jrd, although he is at all times deeply interested lu the success of his party. He is a member of the Episcopal church, with which denomination he has worshiped for many years.

The family reside in Warren, and their home is surrounded by a l>eau- tiful lawn obtaining extensive shrubberies and flowers of all varieties.

FORSTER WILSOX .MITCHELL.

Forster W'ilson Mitchell, banker, was born in Center county. Penn- sylvania. May 7, 1828, and is a sr)n of Thomas and Eliza (Lamb) Mitch- ell, early settlers of Allegheny township. Venango county. Mr. Mitchell was reared on the old homestead in this county, and has resided here since the c(jming of his parents, in .\pril, 1836. He followed farming and lunil;ering, and since the earliest period of the (jil excitement has been an extensive oi^erator. For the past eighteen years Mr. Mitchell has also been engaged in the banking business, and is now senior member of the firm of F. W. Mitchell &• Company. Bankers, Oil City, Penn- syKania.

He was married to Miss Laura M. Wilson, of luiterprise. Warren county, I'ennsyKaiiia. in May, 1851. She is the mother of three children, Herl)ert W .. deceased; L(.ttie M.. wife of Dilworth Richardson, of St. Paul, Minnesota: and Stella V., wife of Bryan H. Oslx>rn, attorney-at-law. of I'ranklin. Pennsylvania. Politically Mr. Mitchell has been a stanch Re|)ul)lican since the organization of that i)arty. and takes an active interest in the success of its i)rinciples and measures.

In 1875 he was appointed !\v Ciovernor Hartranft one of the Centennial

Commission of F'enns\lvania, and served as treasurer of the Ixiard dur- 594 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

ing tliat historic event. Mr. Mitchell lias been one of the most .successful men of his adopted county, and has always been a liberal supporter of everv worthy local enterprise. He is recognized as one of the i)ub!ic- spirited. prominent citizens of this jjortion of the state.

SAMUEL McCLURE.

Samuel McClure, agent and general manager of the Stewart Iron

Co!n])any, Limited, of Sharon, i'ennsylvania. was born in Liule I'.eaver township. lieaver county. Pennsylvania. January 3, 1839. and is the eldest son of Joseph and Xancy (Clark) McClure, of Clarksville. Penn- syhania.

Joseph McClure was l«irn in the ])arish of Convoy, county Donegal,

Ireland, in April. iSio. and was a son of Nathaniel and Catherine

(Noble) McClure. natives of tliC same place. In 1831 Nathaniel and

wife, with three sons. Jf)seph. John and Thomas, emigrated to Little

Beaver township. Beaver county, Pennsyhania, where they settled on a

farm and where the father resided until his death. During the construction of the Beaver & Erie canal. Joseph McClure began working on that

improvement in Beaver county, and while engaged in his labors on the canal, learned the stone-cutting trade. He continued working and contracting on the same public imi)rovement until he arri\ed at Clarks-

ville, Mercer county. He there met and married Miss Nancy, daughter of Samuel and Mary Clark.

Samuel Clark was born near the Lehigh ri\er, in Northampton county, Pennsylvania, January 17, 1770. Seven months after his father's

death in the latter part of 1771. his mother returned to W'allpack, Sus-

sex county. New Jersey, where she had been reared. Her people were

Germans, and little Samuel first learned to speak that language. His

\ ^

r/jaujct ^-T^Z.^,-^^, /^^e^.^^1^.^.^

Of ri/fi STATE or I'JIX.\SYlJ\-iXI.I. 597

iiiMtluT 1>\- iicT iiiduslry su])i)i)rt(.-

Custer, by whom he h.id ten children, as folliws: William, born June

8, 1794. in Sussex county. Xew Jersey: Samuel, born in Xew Jersey.

August 13. iy

Ohio. .\])ril !_'. 17<)S. marrieil James Simonton : Abraham, born in

Jefferson county, Ohio, May 21. iSo<>. died in Clarksville. in October.

1888; Mary, born in Jefferson county, Ohio. March 10. i8c)J. married

Jolin Conley : Sarah, born in Jeffer.son county, Ohio, .\|)ril 11, 1804, married John (jillespie: Susannah, deceased, born in I'yinatnuing town-

ship, Mercer county, I'cnnsyKania. July 13, i8(i(). married John I-Vuit :

Jane. l)orn in Mercer comity. January S. 181 1 : and Nancy, born in

Mercer county. September 6. 1813. and died .\])ril 17. 1890, the wife of Joseph McClure, of Clarksville. Samuel Clark. Sr.. died October

29, i860, aged ninety years, nine months and twche days, and his widow, Mary (Custer) Clark, died October 7, 1863, aged ninety-one years, eleven nionths and twent) -three days. Her family gave to the world the bra\c ( Icncr.il Custer, who was killed by the Siou.x Ijulians in

June, 1876.

Soon after his marriage, Joseph McClure returned to the okl home in Beaver county, where he remained until 1840. when lv_- sold the farm and removed to Clarksville. where he engaged in merchandising, while also conducting stores at other points in Mercer countv. His mother,

with his brothers |ohn and Thomas, afterw arils removed to Girard. Penn- o'JH COMriLNDIVM ()! HISTORY .l.\/) GliXliALOGY

s)'l\ania, wlicre juliii and llic inntlifr rcsidcW uulil tlicir decease, and where Thomas still lives. In i(S4r) Joseph .McClure and his hmlliir

John fMinied a partnershii) w ilii 1!. I!. X'iiicent and Daxid llinn-od. and under the Ihin name nf X'inceiU. liimrod & Company, erecled the hrst hlasl furnace in Sharps\il!e. .Mercer county. I'ennsv Kania. and Josejih located at that point. After a trial of several years, this \cnture ])ro\iii<;- unsuccessful, he returned to Clarksville and resumed tlie mercantile business in connection with farminj^ and contracting;, .\hout 1S59 he gave up the mercantile trade, hut conlinueil t'arming and contracting uj) to the time of his death, which occurred on March 29. 1899.

To Joseph and Xancy .\lcClure were horn ten children: Samuel,

Jose])h X.. Thomas. Catherine. Mary, .\ancy. Sarah. John, XathanicI and Rchecca. all of whoni are li\ing excc])t Catherine, who died Jnly 12,

1883, John, who dieil March S. 189J. .and losejih .\.. who died in May,

1898. Mr. McClure was a W hig until 1854, when the gruwth of Know- nothing-ism. made him a Dem icrat, which he remained until the hrcak- ing out of the war, then xnted with the Repuhlicans until 18O3, when he again Ijecame a Democrat and supported the principles of that ])art)- until the time of his death. He was a memher of the United I'reshytcrian church, and was largely connected with the growth and

Samuel McClure receixed the usual cmnnKju scIid'iI education and then spent several years at fiirard .\cademy. (iirard, I'ennsx Kania. lie grew to manhood under the jiarenl.-il roof, working on the farm and clerking in his father's store, during hoyhood, and in 18^)1 he hegan clerking in Clarksville. In i86j he entered the employ of James Wood

& Son, of I'ittshurg. and was sent to Homewood l*'urnace, Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, to take the management of then' store at that place, being transferred during the following year to Wheatland as OF THE STATE Of PENNSYLWANIA. 590

casliier and liouUkceijer of tlicir interests tliere. lie filled tliese positions,

and also those tif su])erintendent and manager, until 1873, when this

firm f.'iiled. and he then went to West Middlesex as manager of a blast

furnace there.

In January. 187^. .Mr. McClurc came to Sharon to accept the posi-

tion of superintendent of the Stewart Iron Com])any. Limited. In Oc-

toher, 1889, he ac(|uired an interest and was elected one of the managers.

as well as I)eing general manager, of tlic iron business of this company

in the Shenango valley and tlieir coking interest at Unibntown. Fayette

ciHintv. I'enusylvanii. which was cnstructed under his direction. Under

Mr. .McClure's able m;inagemeiit tlie business of this firm Ins grown

])rosperous and stands second to none in the valley. He is a stockholder

in, and one of tb.e managers and vice president of the Shenango Machine

Company. In 1886 he was connected with F. H. Buhl and Daniel Eagan

in the organization 'f the Sharon Steel Casting Company, of which he

wa*; elected vice president. This comjjany was later acquired l)y the

.\merican Steel Casting ("ompany, which in 1902 became a constituent

company of the .\merican Steel Foundries. He is first vice ])resident

of the Sharon Sa\ings & Trust Company: iiresident of the L'nion Lime-

stone Company and of the X'alley C

member of the .\meric:'.n In-^titute of Mining Engineers and of the

r.ritish Iron & Steel Institute: is a Mason, member of the Duquesne

Club of Pittsburg and of the Sharon Club, of Sharon, as well as many other social organizations.

t)n July I. 186^^. Mr. McClure married Miss .\ugusta R. Dick.son. of Clarksville. to which union tb.ree daughters have l)een born, all living:

Mary A., who on .\ugust 30. 1883. married Charles F. Phillips, of

Sharon; .\nna 1)., who in October. 1895. married D. M. I'orker: and 600 COMPENDIUM Or HISTORY .ISD CENEAl.OCY

Jennie. wIki is still at lionii'. Mr. McC'lurc is'a leading; l\i'inil)lican and

in 188^ was clcclci! stale sciiatur. idr the fnrtv-seveiilli district, and was the choice nl his couiitv iDr rcnuniinatinn.

GEORdI-: WILLIAMS STARR.

It a ciunpkic acr. ;unt nf the e\eiils wliicli form tlie histor\- of Lrie.

i'ennsv l\ania, were written no name wonlil appeal' more freipienl!}- or

lli^nre more ]>rominently in connection with leadinsj;' e\ents than tliat of

(ieori^e Wilhams Starr. h"or over fifty years lie made this city his

home, and thronj^hont all this lony period was a prominent factoi- in

its public life.

George Williams Starr, Erie, l^ennsylvania. was horn at Bnrling- ton, X'ermoiit, April 14. iSjj, ;md died on I'.aster day. March 30, 1902.

llis parents were Jesse J. and llarriet (Ilall) .Starr, hoth of whom were descendants of pioneer settlers of Xew I'"ngland. The founder of the .Si;irr famil\- in the I'nited .Stales settled in Connecticut from

Wales in id^.V h'.lias Il;ill, the maternal grandfather of Mr. Starr, was an otllcer in the colonial arm_\- and was woiuuled at Castleton. Ver- mont, in the skirmish with Rurgoyne's invading troops, prior to the hitter's defeat at Saratoga. Jesse J. Starr was a hardware merchant at Burlington, \^ermont. where he resided for more than fifty years.

He died in i860. sur\iving his wife se\eral years.

George W. Starr attended the schools of R)nrlington. prepared for college at the acadeni}' of the same city, and was graduated from Union

College. Schenectady. New York, in 1842.

He began the reading of the law under the precei)torshi]) of Ste- phen G. .\nstin. of Ijuffalo. Xew York, and continued with the law iirm of Talcott and Houghton (John L. Talcott subsequently became or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. f.oi

tlie judge of tlie supreme court of New York ami George Houghton judge of the recorder's court of Buffalo, New York), and was admitted to practice liy the supreme court of New York in 1845. He entered upi'ii llic practice of his profession at lUiffalo. Xew York, and pursued it in thai cil\- f'lr se\cral \cars. wlieii he accepted a position as clerk will) his friend, Captain Slcplien Clianiplin, of the United States steamer Miciiigan. After sailing for nearly tw(j years, he resumed the practice of law at Buffalo. In 185J he came to Erie. He was engaged in the coal husiness for some years.

In 1877 he was one of the founders of the Erie Forge Comi)any.

has hccn nnc of its hoard of directors since its establishment, and the

president ( f that hoard since 18S7. He was one of the directors of the

Erie Dime IJank. lie was also president of the Erie Cemetery .Asso-

ciation for seventeen years: was most active in the founding of the

Hamot Hospital, and was (ine of tiie incorfwrators of that institution.

He was a member of ilie first hoard of trustees of the State Hospital

for the Insane ;it Warren, by the appointment of Governor Hovt in

1880, and served on tlie board of that institution and the Hamot Hos-

pilal until his acceptance in February, 1887, of Governor Beaver's ap-

])ointnK!it lo the bcru'd of commissioners of pnblic charities of Penn-

syl\ania. Mr. Starr was iix six consecutive terms a member of the

select council of I'.ric and was presiding officer of that bodv during the

last year of tiiat pcriixl. and subsequently served two additional years

in the same cap:icit\ . i)cing again president during the latter year.

He was married October 7. 1851, t

I'einisyhania on account of his long connection with the state Ixjard of charities. He also served in the state legislature. 002 COMFENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

JOIIX 'IRUNKEY.

Out lit tlie rclij^iiius aiKl jxilitical loii'iulsions of I'.urope lias come

the best IjIdikI ul America—the I'uritans of Xcw luisjland. the (jiiak-

ers and the Germans cif Pennsylvania, and the llns^nenots, more widely

distrihnted. They came not Ijecaiise hunger im])elled them, hut as a

protest against the then existing regime in their respectixe countries,

and that protest nn|)hc(l mentalitv. manhood ;uid intolerance of every

form of mendacity, 'i'o the h'rench re\olutioii of i jSij and the causes

which jiroduced it is aserihahle the migr;ilion of the ancestors of the

subject of this sketch.

Charles 'l"r(jn(|uet. ;i young hrenchnian harclv out of liis teens,

fired with the newly awakened enthusi;isni of his race and attracted

by the splendid promise of the constitution then just adopted by the

United States, bade adieu to the home of his forefathers and set sail

for America. I'pon his arri\al he settled in Connecticut, and s(K)n

afterward married Mary Ganguard, who represented his own race and

the Puritan stock of Xew England, her mother's maiden name being

Merritt. This union was blessed with ten children. fi\e sons and five

daughters. These children, following the e.xample of many other

descendants of European emigrants, accepted the pronunciation of their

name which the English speaking tongue ga\e it and changed the

orthography accordingly , and thus the patronymic Troncpiet became

Trunkey. The family of Charles Tronquet followed the tide of emi-

gration from Connecticut to the "Western Reserve," then called Xew

Connecticut. Francis Trunkey. the youngest of the five sons, settled

in Vernon. Trumbull (?ounty, Ohio, and on the ist of January. 1828.

was united in marriage to Rachel Fell, of West Salem, Mercer county.

Pennsylvania, whose parents were the first settlers in that locality. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. C03

Seven rliildien were l)orii of tliis marriage, all hut nne r.ii the farm in

Mercer county adjoiniu.i;^ the I'^ll homestead accjuired \)y the jjarents

in 1S32. and upon which they resided during the remainder of their lives.

John I lunkey, the eldest of the children of I'rancis Trunkey, was hoin on the jf>th of OctoI)er. 1828. His 1x)yhoo(l was spent mainly

upon his father's farm, and there, in the )ntcr\als of the farm work, he early de\elipcd a taste for severe study, iiasing availed himself of such advantages as the jjuIiHc schools of the district afforded, he com])leted his prejiaration for professional study at a high school in the

ncigiihnHiodd and ;it ( hester .\cademy in deauga county. Ohif). In

the s])ring of iS_|(j he entered the ofitice of Samuel Ciriffith, of Mercer

Pennsylvania, as a law student, was admitted to the har in June. 1851,

;md immediately hecame associated with his precq)tor in the practice

of law. Mr. ("irilTith. who subsequently represented his district in

Congress, was an ahle and aggressive lawyer, one of the foremost ad-

x'ocatcs of the local har. and. withal, a man of ]xi])Mlar manners, while

Yw. Trunkey's diffulence and modesty were such as to incline him to shrink from rather than ciurt the position to which his merits entitled him. hut lie soon overcame the disadvantages of his position. The hahit-; which he had formed while alternate!}- working upon his father's farm ;uid ]uusuing his prelinu'nary studies had Ixiriie their legitimate fruits when he had completed the prescril>e(l term of clerkship, and he crunc_l

Wduld not defend a crimin;d. hnt this was not true, although it was undoubtedly so that he would not defend a crime, lie accepted the G04 coMPExnirM or history ,i.\n crxralogy

maxim of tlic law tliat it was better for ninety-nine suilty men to escape than that one innocent ])crson suffer.

In 1866 the counties of Venango and Mercer, whicli liad tlicreto- fnrc l)ccn inchuled witliin tlie eigliteenth judicial district of Pennsyl- vania wore merged into a new district, and a judge, learned in the law. to preside in tlie court= thereof, was to he elected. There were several applicants for that office in the dominant ]iarty. hut no one of them commanded the confidence of the entire membership of that party, ami it was. jierhaps. but natural that they should look to the niinorit\ party for the candidate upon whom to unite, since they might ho])e to secure his nomination bv that ])artv and therebx- its support. lie that as it may, however, they liad no difficulty in' agreeing upon Mr. Trunkcy as their candidate, and he was elected to the office of presiding judge of the twenty-eighth judicial district of Pennsylvania before he had reached middle life. The business of the courts of Venango county had increasefl cnormf>uslv during two or three years preceding his

elevation to the 1 encli. The discovery of oil. then recent, had brought into the county a vast influx of people similar to the population of other new mining districts, and many controversies had arisen out of grants of mining rights, involving difficult ])roblems and the ai)plicatif)n of legal principles to conditions with which the courts had not been familiar. The most of the cases remained untried and others were rapidlv coming to the court, while a statute of 1806 provided: "It shall be the i)articular duty of the judges of the supreme court and the judges of the courts of conimon pleas to see that all actions in their respective courts shall be reached and have a fair opportunity of a trial at least within a year after they shall have been commenced."

Such were conditions which confronted the young judge when he came ujion the bench. To obey the statute literally would recpiire (')/• Tim STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 0n5

ninrc iiours uf jtiilici.'il lalKir encli day for years to come tlian liad

|)rn],al)iy ever hien iierfurmcd l)v anv jiidjjje. hut ha\'in.tj undertaken llic \vnil< Jndf^c 'rniiikey addressed himself to it (|uictl\' and ])atiently. n|)ciiinL; till- ciiur'.s at eit;ht o'clnck in tlie mornint;' and sittinq' until six in tiu- csenint;'. willi a recess of an linur at uikmi and often holding night sessions. 'I'lie anidunt of work perfnrmcd l>y him at this time was ])ro(h'gious. 'I'lu' records show that during the first year on the

Iicncli he Irinl in X'enango count\' one hnn(h'ed and twenty indict- ments in the courts of quarter sessions and ()\'er and Terminer and one hundred and lliirty-six jury cases in the common ])leas, and that he heard and decidi'd two iuuidred anincss of tlic ijupulous and im]X)rtaut county of Mercer well in hruid. His scrupidous care for the proprieties of his position Ixire its legitimate fiuits. \o suitor, it is asserted by the lawyers of full practice in his courts, was ever kn

fully and fairly heard, or that his cause was not tried solely u|X)n the evidence ])uhlicly delixcred when Judge Trunkey was on the bench.

Such was the conlidence of the bar and of the jieople both in his dis-

|>osition and liis ability to mete out exact justice between litigant parties that but lew writs of error were taken to his judgment, and such was the correctness nf his rulings in the main that, notwithstanding the great number it no\el and difVicult ([uestious which grew out of the mining industries of his district in the earlier years of his service therein, but eiglit of his judgments were reversed during the eleven years of that service.

In the meantime, however, the term for which be h;id been electetl

was (hawing to ,a close, but such w.as the confidence of the l)etter class of voters of all p.ulies in ludge Trunkev that he was elected for an- 006 COMrnXD/i'M OP HISTORY .IXP GESllALOCY

otliei" term nf icn vcars. lie liad I)ut entered ui)iin liis second term when

a vacancy in tlic supreme court was caused \i\ tlie deatli of tlie elder

Justice \\'illianis of tliat court, and after much controversy and per-

suasion Judge Tiuulsty consented to tlie piresentation of his name to

the Democratic state convention for the nouiinatiou for the oftice of

justice of the sui)renie court, was nominated and was elected for the

term ot twcnt}-one _\ears. When he took his place in the sujireme

court of Pennsylvania as one of the justices thereof he carried with

him the same conscientious dc\otion to duty that characterized him as

the president judqc of the se\cral courts of the twenty-eitjlith judicial

district. L'ntil disabled by the malady aggravated if not caused by over-

work and which ended his life, he was habituall\- in his ])lace when

the court was in session and always attentive to the arginnents of

counsel, whether interesting or insipid, and whether delivered b\- the

humblest of the profession or by the most gifted or otherwise eminent.

Indeed, he seems to ha\e understood, not im])robabl\' from lus own

experience at the bar. that an interested manner on the part of the

judges is helpful to young lawyers in their forensic efiforts. and even

to the c.\]ierienced. when suffering under embarrassments which will at times come to them as unaccountably as ]ianics to soldiers in battle.

He has been seen to lean forward and look ruid listen w ilb ,'m apparently

intense interest in what was lieing said when the lawyer addressing the court seemed to be on the ])oint of breaking down. Whether such de- meanor was a deliljerate effort to encourage or the spontaneous mani-

festation of sympathy, the result would ordinaril)- be the same, the speaker's embarrassment would be alleviated and his gr;ititude would be quenched only with his life.

.\fier the election of 1881 it became apparent to intelligent observers of the trend of political c\cnts that the Democratic jjarty was OP Tim STATE or rr.x.xsv/.r.ixLi. got

destined in cnmc' intd power miee more in i'ennsylvania and in the cnunlry at lrn-,^e. It was I)e1ie\cd Iiy nirniy tiiat if Jiidtje Trnnkey could 1)( induced to accept tlic nomination liy the Democratic i)arty as its candidate for rjovernnr in 1882 his election would he assure

terminated tiie interxicw hy saying: "I am very stUT that I Iiave no

])residential hce in m\' honnct and T hope that no friend of mine will tr\ to put one there or say anything further on the suhject,"

The friends who had hnjicd to gain his consent to their scheme knew him too well to pursue the suhject further, hut not so the peo]ile at large who still jjcrsisted, hut he as steadily refused.

.\ man sn doxoted to the work in which he had lieen engaged continuously during sixteen years, that the highest office in the gift of the American people had no tenii>tation for him, was not likely to spare himself. The duties of his nflicc were sufficiently exacting and onerous when he assumed them, and they were continually Incoming more so as the po])ulatinn of the state increased, hut at tlie close of each year nothing was left undone, '{"here was, however, a limit to his ])owcr of endurance, and that limit was reached hefore the mid-summer of

1887. I'our months hefore that ])eriod he had hecn in constant pain while performing his full share of the work of the court. .\t the he- ginning of the summer vacation he yielded to the entreaties of friends and to the advice of his physici.an and went ahroad. for the douhle pur]iose ot olii;iining rest .and securing the ser\-ices of an eminent specialist in the treatment of the maladv from which he was sufferinsr 608 COMI'IiXDIUM 01- HISTORY .IXP GEXE.ILOGV

I'.iit il was toi) late. lie lia

tries and his system failed t

nn the J4tli id" J\inc, 1888. and his remains were hi-dntjht In >me hy his

wife, who was at his hcdsidc at the time nf liis death.

I lis death caused jirdfnnnd scirrnw wherever known. .\ yreat

ihronji' of people came from far and near to attend his fimeral and

lilled the I'^irst 1 'reshvterirni chnrch of Franklin, where he had served many \ears as a rnlint;' elder, and p.acked the apjiroachcs to it. .\ markcii feature of the trihutes which were ]iai(l to his memory was the evidence tiicv gave of the affection for the man. The har of X'enanpfo coinilv nlaced upon the records of the court of that county a memorial, and its concluding; words were: ".\s a citizen, as a nci.i^hlior, as a friend. lie shone ]ire-eminentl\-. in sjiitc 01 that difference which rendered it iiniMissililc lor Irm to i;i\e .articulate re\el,ition of his esoteric character. His life was iiure. his con\crsatio!i was pure, his heart must ha\e hecn pure. lie allowed his ]iul)lic station to excuse him from no ])ri\atc dut_\-. lie was found in the house of mourning- and at the hedside of the suffering', in the houses of the lowly as well as in the jiarlors of his friends, and in innumerahlc inarticulate wars apjiroved himself a Christian gentleman. In common with all our fellow citizens wc mourn his untimely en

.\t the fu'st meeting of the supreme court after his death George

Shiras, later one of the supreme court justices of the L'nited States, in moving an adjournment in res])cct for his memory, suggested "an immediate meeting of the har. ,it which shall he .appointed a committee to prepare and present at a sul)se(|uent meeting suitahle resolutions commemorative of the excellent (pirdities of our departed friend." The chief justice granting the motion .said at the close of the resolutions: OF THE STATE OE FENNSYLVAMA. OO'J

"As a conclusion, tlien. of this slmrt and iinperfcct liistory of our beloved i)rother's life, we may he permitted to say that whilst we lament the great and irreparable loss which we ha\e sustained by his death, and whilst we arc filled with sorrow when we reflect that he will meet w ith us no more on earth, nevertheless we may derive some consolation

from the assurance that, to him. the change is all the letter: that he

fell aslcc]) in the full conviction of the divine resurrection and of that immortality whicii God has provided for all who are loyal to Him."

A life-long, intimate friend of Judge Trunkey, who was with hiul

in London during his last illness and at the time of his death, wrote:

"The Judge knew the summons had come for him to appear at the

great .\ssize where all of his acts and deeds would be rexiewed by the

great fudge of the Universe. He received that .summons with the same

clear, calm, brave, conscientious spirit that was so characteristic of him

wiiile reviewing the acts of his fellow man. He was fully prepared

to a])])car in the highest and last court and trust his case with his

Heavenly I'athcr. His only solicitude was for the dear ones he left

l)ehind. His last prayer was a most touching plea to his God that He

would shield and protect them. Death came to him like a sweet mes-

senger of sice]), and one of the noblest spirits I have ever known en-

tered into its final rest. .\s 1 look \\\m>u his mortal remains here in

London, tar fn m his home and kindred, excepting his faithful and

devoted wife. 1 feel that 1 iia\e lost the truest ;uid l)est friend I ever

had."

In recognition of his merits Lafayette College conferred upon him

the degree of Doctor of Laws some years before his death. He was a

director in I'riuceton Theological Seminary. In 1853 Judge Tauikey

married Agnes, daughter of Hon. William S. Garvin, of Mercer, Penn-

sylvania, who at one time represented his district in Congress. Tliree CIO coM/'Rxnn'M or history .ixn ciike.h.ogy

cliililren were Ixirn tn tlicm, of wlinin hut one. William G.. lixeii to matuiily, ami lie, after i;iviii_t;; promise of a useful and honorable eareer. followed his father to the grave, v^f his si.\ brothers and sisters, but one, Mrs. Morford. of Kinsni;ui. Ohio, sur\i\ed him, ;uid but a single grandson of his father remains to peqietnate the name.

JOIIX WILLI. \.\1 MUURL.

I'pon the solid and enduring basis of honesty and industry ]. W.

Moore built the su])erstructure of his fame ;uid fortune and secured the rcs]

"Worksho]) of the Xew World" and the wonder of two hemispheres.

Jojin W illi.ani Moore was born .\pril i6, 1837. in Rostraver townsliip, Westmorelimd count). Pennsylvania, and was a son of l-'bcnezcr

.and X.ancy B. (Hurst) Moore. Mis cis-.\ll;nuic paternal ancestry is

traced back to his grandf.ather. Robert Moore, who in earlv life ( 17S0) rcmoxed from Cecil county. Mru"yl.and. ruid settled in Rostraver township.

We.stmorelaud county. Pennsylvania. He was married in 1780. before leaving Mar\l,uid. to Miss Jane Power, a sister of Rev. James Power, n. IX. who w;is the first I^resb\tcriau to settle and preach in llic "Western

Wilds." Dr. Power came from eastern I'enusyhania and preached in

Fayette and W'estmoreland counties in 1774. Robert Moore erected a large two-story log house into which he moved and where he lived during his life. He was one of that sturdy class of men who settled in the region of Dunlaji's creek. Rehohoth an

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 613

were (lecidedl}- l'resl;_\leriaii and I'nnncd tlic nucleus fur tiiose cliurches wliicli lia\c stood s(^ lung and wliose old members have left tlie impress of their li\es upon the generations to follow them.

Ehenezer Moore, the youngest of Roliert Moore's six children, wias horn August 3, 179,5, and was the last of the family to marry, on account of remaining at hoiue to care for his aged and feeble mother. In 1846 he remoNcd to the

])urchase one hundreil and lifty acres of adjoining land. These two farms were hea\il)- underlaid with coal, and it was here that the coke interests were started w liich ha\ e since been developed by his two younger

1'. si.x feet in height sons. J. W. and II. Moore. Ehenezer Moore was and weighed one hundred and ninct)- pounds. He had a stn^ng frame and a large, well shaped head. He kept his face smoothly shaven, was always genteel and respectable in ajjpearance, and was a fine-looking man. Better than this, he was a man of sterling integrity, was strictly honest, fair in his transactions, and was a man of great kindness of heart, while his tenderness of feeling was one of his distinguished characteristics. His attachments to his home and family were very strong. and he loved them with the greatest devotion. .\s a business man, he at times appeared rigid, though always just, and seldom made mistakes.

He was modest, unassuming, iiossessed a high regard for men. :\nd was a member of the Tresbyterian church, in which he was twice chosen elder. He did not accc[)t. however, nn account of his lack of self-confidence, vet he had mental power that with more self-assurance would have given him a high position in the church. Withal he loved to converse on Christian topics, and at his home ministers of the gospel were often found, who were always welcome, and he loved their society. In politics ".14 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GESIi.ll.OGY

he a was Democrat, and was positive in his faitli. 1 ie wa^ an iiitelliseiit

reader and took a deep interest in llie passing events of liis time. He

conversed with threat earnestius-; u])on the political ;is well as unon

religions issnes of his day. In 1.S44 he represented Westmoreland

county in the legislature, and it is an interesting fact that he received all

the votes except five th;it were cast in his own township.

In May, ii^o3' F.henezer Moore married Miss Xancy BlacUstone

Ilurst, daughter of James and Sarah Hurst, of Mt. Pleasant township.

Westmoreland county. I'ennsyKania. Thev reared a family of si.x

children in the house in which Mr. Moore was horn. The old house

is still standing. The farm v.as owned hy I. W. Moore, and is now owned hy his widow. Mrs. I'.lv.aheth S. Moore, and for one hundred and twenty-three years h:is heen in the possession of the family. Mrs.

Moore was a granddaughter M James and Priscilla Blackstone. of Fay-

ette county. One of their children died in infancy: Sarah Jane died

I'chruary 23. 1858. at thirteen years of age: the eldest son. James H., married Miss .\manda Thirkield. of Fayette city, and resides at Monon- gahela city: the second son. l\e\-. R. I'. Moore. 1). D.. of the Presby- terian church, married Miss Louisa J., youngest daughter of James

Paul, of I-'ayette county, hut n.ow of TilTin. Ohio: and the third son is John W.

J. \V. Moore received his educational training in the common schools of his native township and Elder's Ridge Academy. He afterwards took a full business cour.'^e at the Iron City Commercial College, from which he was graduated in 1S56. He was reared in the simplicity of rural life, yet he manifested an ambition for business at an early age and was successfully engaged in stnck-dealing before he had reached his eighteenth birthday. For over twenty years he was a well known and extensive stock-dealer throughout the counties of Westmoreland. OF THE STATE OP PENNSYEVANIA. '"'ir,

I-'ayette and (irceiie. and nifl with that rcniarkal)le success wliidi so ainnidantly crowned all his hiisiness ventures and undertakings. In

1873 Mr. Moore practically retired from stock-dealing. i;nd engaged in the greatest enterjirisc of his husiness life, h\- an investment in the Con- nellsvillc coke industry, at thai time just attracting puhlic notice, lie entered into a partnership with James Cochran. Solomon Kiester and

James Hurst, for the manufacture of coke at the Summit coke works, situated near Broad I'ord, Fayette county. Pennsylvania. After six years he withdrew from this Inni, ]iurchased the Redstone coke plant, three miles south of L'nioiitow u. rennsylvania, and engaged in the coke husiness with his brother. 1'. 11. ^h)ore. In 1881 Colonel J. S.

Schooumaker was admittcil as a partner, and four years later J. W.

Moore withdrew. .\t that time the comijany was rimning four hundred ovens and employing fi\e hundred men. In 1879 he hought two thousand acres of coal land in Mt Pleasant township, this county, where. w ith his accustomed energy, he soon erected what is know 11 as the Mam- moth Coke Works, and i)Ut into oiicration nearly si.K hundred ovens.

In the s|)ring of 1889 he increased his coke business by the purchase of the W'ynn Coke Works, above I'niontown. Pennsyhania. and suc- ci'ssfully operated these plants until the latter part of the summer. On

.August 23. 1889. he dis])osed of his entire coke interests to the H. C.

Frick Coke Company for considerably over one million dollars (this has now gone into the I'nilcd States Steel Corporation). This was by lar the largest deal e\cr made niuil that time in the coke business, and at its consummation Mr. Moore withdrew from the manufacture of Connelisville coke. He afterwards devoted his time to the management of his large estate. i)uring the year of 1891 he purchased some four thousand acres of eight-font Pittsburg vein of coal in Ros- traver township. Westmoreland county and Washington township, Fay- (510 COMPENDH'M OF HISTORY ./.\7) CliX ll.iLOGY

ette c()iinty. Pennsylvania. He purchased a lart^e acrcas^e of coal in

Indiana county and erected tlie McCrcary ("oke I'lant at Graccton, beside being largely interested in llie C'liarlcrui Plate (ilass W'rks. the de\elopment of the town of ("harleroi and llie ])urchase of numerous tracts and pieces of real estate in Westmoreland county. At the time that he parted with his interest in the Connellsxille coke region he was the largest indi\idual owner in lliat region, and was engaged in coke mauu- lacturing on a scale far exceeding anything theretofore attempted hy indisidual enterprises.

On November 22. iS^o. J. W. Moore was married to Elizabeth

Stouffer. the eldest daughter nf M. 1*.. and ("harlotta Stoufifer, of Con- nellsville, Fayette county, Pennsylvania. To tlieir union ha\e been born six children: Elmer E.. deceased: .\lbcrt Braden Moore: Mary Jo-

sephine Moore Richardson : Luella StoufTer. intermarried with Hon.

Edward E. Robbins; James Pressley Moore: and Irene Elizabeth Moore.

J. W. Ml lore died I'ebruary 19, 1893. and is buried in a massive granite mausoleum in the St. Clair cemetery near (jreensburg. Penn- sylvania. The bulk of hi< estate was willed to his w'fc. Elizabeth

Stoufifer Moore, who still lives with her unmarried children in the

Moore mansion In (ireensburg, and in her magnilicent winter residence at 1710 New Hampshire avenue, Washington, 1). C. where she and her daughters. Mrs. Josephine Moore Richardson and Irene Elizabeth Moore, entertain largely and are prominent figures in our capital's social set.

Alljert Braden Moore and James Pressley Moore are unmarried, and reside at Greensburg. where tluy are interested in dealing in horses and the management of their firms and. other properties.*

Elizabeth S. Moore, the widow of J. W. Moore, comes from a strong family and is a woman of pre-eminent ability. She was a sister of the wife of Senator William .\. Clark of Montana: she is also a 7

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVAMA. CI

sister cif the wife of Mr. Gilfrey. clerk of the L'liited Stales senate.

Washington. U. C. a sister lif tlie wife of All;ert Hall, of the department of the interior. Washington. IX C. a sister of Mrs. Reed, of Con- ncllsville. Pennsylvania. Mrs. Connell. of Washington. D. C. and of

Charles Stouflfer. (if the department of pensions. Washington. D. C.

si.\ in lieight. of fine presence, J. W. Moore was a man over feel honorable in his intercourse with his fellowmen. cliaritalile in his judg-

ment of others and firm in his conviction of what was right. In al! his business enterprises he was sagacious, prudent, honorable and successful, and these same ([ualities have been carried on since his death by

iiis widow, who was his chief legatee. These qualities not only made the

that estate of J. W. ^b)ore at the time of his death the largest estate

was ever settled here, but the same (pialities have still continued this

estate as the largest in t!ie county.

HON. L.WSIXC. I). WETMOKR.

Hon. Lansing 1). Wetniore. lawyer and judge, was born in War-

ren countv, Pennsylvania, on the i8th of October. 1818. His father.

als(_) named Lansing, was a native of New Englantl. but had early moved

to Warren, and became a prominent lawyer of that place. His mother.

Caroline Dilmars. was descended iron\ Holland Dutch ancestors.

'llie means of the father enabled Lansing I). Wetmore to obtain

a thorongh education from the most approved sources of the tlay.

his preliminar}- instruction being receivetl at the academy of his native

town. ;ind after a preparatory course at Washington College. Pennsyl-

vania, he matriculated at I'nion College. New York, from which in-

stitutiin he was graduated with honors in 1841. For a year and a

half thereafter he was employed as a teacher in an academy, and then.

37 018 COMPENDIUM OP lIlSroRY AXD CliXIiALOGY

eiUcrint; tlie (ifiVvC of Jdhiisun \- J'.niwii. nf W'ancit. fur the ])urpnse of readiiitj law. lif a|)])li(.(l liiinsclf with siicli dilij^encc that he was enabled tn pass a most credilaljle cxaiiiinalidii and .gained his admission til the bar in the tall nf 1S43. biMncdiately commencing' the practice of his protessinn with all his cliaracteristic eneryy. industry and ability, lie soon formed a lar^e rmd lucrati\e C'lnneclinn in the county nf liis birth and llmse adjoining. 'In his e\cr increasing business he devoted his entire attenlinn until his well earned reputation as a jurist caused him t(i he elevated fr

In the fall of 1X70 Judge W'etmore was elected president judge of the si.xth judicial district. com])osed of the counties of Erie. Warren and l*!lk. and in these c<]urts he CdUlinued to preside until iSj-'. At that date, 1)_\' a change in the constitutidu and law, b'ric was made a single

(Hstrict, and Judge W'etmore chose the t!iirty-se\enth district, com- lX)secl of the counties of F.Ik. Warren .and Forest, as the scene of his future lalwrs.

I'rior to his elevation to the judiciary Judge W'etmore had occupied the post of president of the First National I'ank of Warren, and was for a time president of the National Lumberman's Association. In politics he is a Republican, and. though not an office-seeker, was clothed for a time with the judicial ermine, as stated above, and has been called uiMiu to take part in the arduous and not less important burdens of local oUice. liis judicial ability has been even better appreciated since the expiration of his term llian while he was in office. His decisions were aimost always correct, notwithstanding the fact that be was engaged in private business enter])rises that would alone 'have fully taxed the energies of most men. He studied all the questions that came Ijcfore him for decision with the thoroughness of a student in love with bis taste and refused to neglect the minutest duties of his posi- or THE STATE OE PENNSYLVANIA. *'>\'-'

tii>n. He has an exquisite taste in literary matters, and among those ac(|iiainte(i with his attainments is rejjardeil as a just and (hscriminat- ing critic.

FRAXK C.LXXISOX.

The subject nt tliis biography is known as a m.in of liigh attainments and practical ability as a lawyer, and as one who has achieved success in his ])rofession. He was born in Erie. Pennsylvania, on the

-'d of February. 1848. and is descended from Hugh Gunnison, a native of Sweden, but who f

1640 he came to America, and thereafter until his death was a resident of Massachusetts The parents of bVank Gunnison were Jonas and

Charlotte E. (Spafford) (iunnison. the former of whom died on the

2ist of July. 1871. Jonas Gunnison received his literary education in

Erie Academy, after which he studied law under the preceptorship

of John Galbraith. and rose to a position of prominence in his chosen

professit n. He was associated in practice with General U. L>. McCreary.

The Republican party received his active suppcjrt and co-operation, and on its ticket he was elected to many positions of honor and trust, having serve

Frank Gunnison. lii> parents' eldest child, obtained his elementary education in the public schools and in the Erie Academy, thus continuing until his eighteenth year. ?nil for one year thereafter was a student in the University of Michigan. In 1868 he was enrolled as a student in the Harvard Law School, from wliich institution he was graduated in 1870. and on the 5th of February of that year was ad- C-20 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AXP GflX EALOGY

mitte

he spent < n the I.eiich. Ily reason of his strong intellectualit\- he has risen ahoxe the ranks of the nianv to become a leader in l!iiiu.i;hl and action, his inllnence extendinj;' not onK- into the professional hut the

political and social circles as well. In iSSi^i .Mr. ( Innnison was elected presiding judge of the sixth judicial district nf Pennsylvania, in which important position he ser\ed from the ist of January, i88j, until

January i. 1 897. and (in the expiratinn of this term the memhers of the luie liar, with the exception of three, signed a sjiccial call for him to retain the ju

On the 3th of September, 187J, Judge Gunnison was united in marriage to Miss Lila L., a daughter of M. B. Lowry. who was prominent in Pennsylvania politics for many years, was made a member of the state .senate, and whose death occmMxd in 1885. To I\Tr. and

Mrs. Ciunnisr)!! have been born two children. l;ut only one is now living.

Morrow B., who was named in honor of his grandfather.

HON. ^n'RON MATSOX.

Hon. -Mvron Matson, one of the prominent oil producers and business men of western Pennsylvania, who has been called to the halls of legislation of the state, has achieved his present positi(jn in the l)nsincss and social world almost entirely through his own efiforts, and is a self- made man in the best sense of the term. The paternal ancestry of Mr.

Matson is traced to Ireland, antl on the maternal side is (jerman, and OF THE STATE Of PENNSYLVANIA. 621

ill tlu' maternal line liis f^rcat-.tjrandfatlicr iiarticijiatc'il in the Rcvohi- tinnarv war.

Mvriin Matsim was Inirn September 13. 1X30. in RiisIifDrd, Alle- gany eonnt\-, Xew York, and at the age of four years his parents re- mn\cd ti) l''ranklin\ille, ("attaraugiis comity. Xew ^'()rk. He was educated in the common schools of the county and at the Tenbrook Academy at I'"raiiklin\ illc. s^^aining an educaUnn that served him well in the later battle of life. He began bis acti\e career by working on his father's farm, then worked nut at farm work by tlie month and at the customary small wage. This was a rather bumble beginning, but he was full of energy and persexevrmcc, and these (|ualities wim out in the end. In

1870 he left Imnie and went to Tidinute. W.'uren count\'. rennsylvania, and there entered upun his career in the oil business. This has l)een the Micatioii in which he has gained special prominence, and at present be holds interests in oil fields throughnut I'ennsvKania and West \'ir- gini;i. lie is ]>resideiit of the X'ictnr Oil (."umpanv and the .Matson Oil

C"onipany. and is interested in the Devouian Oil Ci)m]ianv. Oil is not the only product that be has sougiit from subterranean sources, and he is a member nf the Inci Mining C'i)iiipan\'. which operates in Peru,

South .\merica. and in the liradford .\laska Mining Company of Alaska. and (iwns \;du;ilile gi>ld mines in .\rizona and .\l;iska. lie i> also connecteil in ;i linancial way with several manufacturing plants here and elsewhere.

Mr. Matsmi has been de\otcd In l\e])ublic;m princi]iles since he was old enough ti> \oie. and is an acti\e worker, lie has often Iieen a deleg.ite to county and state coinentions. and in iSgS was chairman

III the county committee of McKean county. In X'ovember, i()oo, he was elected In llie st.ite senate, and he has ])nived one of the most valuable men in the lawmaking body of rennsylvania. f' r he not only •••22 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

thoroughly understands the local needs anrl conditions from a husiness

point of view, lint is thomiicrlily interested in tlic welfare of the com-

mniiwealth.

Mr. Matson has attained tn the thirty-third degree in the Masonic

order, and is also a niemher of the Benevolent and Protectiv'e Order

of Elks; he is a niemher of the Young Men's Rcpuhlican Club of Phila-

del])hia. of the TIarrishurg Cluh and the Bradford Commercial Club.

He was married on Ma\- i6. 1881. to Miss Bertha A. Scott, a daughter

of Calvin Scott, of Cuba, .\llegany county. New "S'ork. Mr. Matson

fullv deserves the success which has come to him. for it was earned, bv a life of steady and ]nu'])oseful activity, w ith constant jirogress from

the time when he bad onlv \-outb and determination until be i'^ now

reckoned with the substanti.'d men of western I'ennsvlvania.

CllARI.KS WILLIAM M.XCKFA'. «

Xo Icngtbv exordium is needed to introduce to the reader the lawyer and prominent business man abo\-e named, and bis inlluential

[losition will be understood by a perusal of the following brief biography.

Charles William Mackey was torn at Franklin, rennsylvania. .Vovem-

ber 19. 1S4J, a son of Charles Washington and Julia Anne ( I'agundus)

Mackey. He had a good academic education, and learned the trade of

])rinter. but at tiie age of eighteen began the study of law in the oftice of his brother-in-law. Charles E. Taylor, late president judge of Ve- nango comity.

Mr. Mackev was just at the patriotic and vigorous age of young manhood when the Civil war broke out. lie enlisted in Company C, Tenth Regiment Pennsvlvania Reserves, pojiularly known as the "Ve- nango Gravs," and the first organization recruited in this county. Be- ^c'C^

OF THE ST.ITR OF PEXNSYIJ'AXIA. f.'25

fore the end nf liis service he was made first lieutenant nf this Cdnipany, ami scr\eil with it, except when

when he was honoralily discliarged. Durinj;' tliis peri(j(l he had servetl as Drdnauce officer f(ir a time

in the same capacity im the staff of (leneral V.. O. C. Ord. In August

follow ing his discharge he wa''. a]>]>ciinted S])eci.a] agent of tlie United

States treasury hy Secretary Chase, for the district composed of Eastern

\'irginia and Xorth Carolina, and it was through his office tliat tlie coastwise commerce hetween the hitter places and the northern states

was conducted, .and he received and disliursed large sums of money for

the go\ernmcnl. lie resigned this position on August i. iS^i^. and

shortly afterward returned to I'ranklin.

On August 28. 1S65. Mr, Mackey was admitted to the har of \'e-

nango county, and was soon taken as a ])artner into the law tirm of

Taylor and ClilfilLan. lie was admitted to practice in the Cnited States

supreme court. Decemher 5. 1875.

S. Black, ex-attorney general of the I'uited States. He has also been admitted to practice in the si!|)reme courts of I'ennsyh'ania and of other states. Much of the legal business of this section of the state has heen transacted through the office of Mr. Mackey. hut of late years his many other interests have kept him from continuous practice, and the legal affairs of the nourishing funi of Mackey and Hughes, fornierlv

Mackey. Forhes and llughes. are maiuK conducted hy the junior memher.

Mr. Mackey has heen identihcd with m;un' important manufacturing and railroad enter])rises. kor se\eral years he was a.ttorney for the

Allegheny X'alley R.iilroad Cr,n)|iany: vice-president and general solicitor ol the ()le;m. Bradford and Warren l\ailroa

lUiffald Rnilniad Company (since merged into the I'itlslinrg and West-

ern system) : vice-president and gfeneral solicitor of the Cincinnati and

Southeastern Railroad Company (afterward consolidated with the Ches-

tiic I'ittslinrg apeake and Ohio) : general solicitor and a director of and

Western Railroad Company; president of Columbia das Light and

Inicl Com])any, and of the Franklin (ias Company. He occupies or has

occupied the following positions: President of tiie Norfolk, Allicmarlc

and Atlantic Railroad Company: a director of the American Oxide Com-

panv of I'ranklin : vice-iiresident and director of the Shenango Coal

and Mining Company: and a director of the Savings Bank of I'"rank]in.

the Exchange Rank at I'ranklin. the luulcnton Rank and the Ivlcnburg

I'ank of Pennsylvania, and is connected witli various other tlnanci.nl

and industrial institutions, being now president of the i'^ranklin Steel

Casting Com]iany. the Franklin Rolling Mill and I'ouiidry Company,

vice-president of the Almada Sugar Refineries Company of Mexico, di-

rector of the American Axe and Tool Company. His business engage-

ments for some time past ha\e been of such a nature that he finds it

necessary to maintain an ofiice in Xcw York city, where lie reiuains the

greater portion of his time. Tiiesc extensive coiniections in the business

world indicate the energetic and sagacious man of at'fairs which Mr.

Mackev is. but in other departments of life he has shown himself to lie enterprising, broad-minded, generous and public-spirited—an honor to his native county.

Mr. Mackey is an ardent Re])ublican and cast his first vote, for

Lincoln, in 1864, and since 1866 has taken an acti\e part in ex'cry campaign. He was a candidate for Congress from the twcnty-sc\enth district in 1884 and 1886, and, although defeated each time, his majority in the districts outside of the city of Eric, the home of his opponent, was much larger than thai given .any nther Republican candidate for OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 637

vcars. Ill his own county he ran far ahead of Blaine in i8

for several weeks, and his speeches were very favf)ral)ly commented upon

l)v the metropolitan press. He is a logical and entertnining spealcer, and has frequently delivered addresses on various suhjects.

Mr. Mackey is a past commander of the Grand .\rmy of the Re-

public, and in t)ie Masonic order has been commander of Knights

Templar, district deputy grand master of Pennsylvania i'or many years.

and district grand high priest of Royal .\rch Masons of Pennsylvania.

He is a member of the Xew York Club, tlie Lawyers' Club of Xew

Viirk. the Nursery Club of Franklin, the Hardware Club, the Army

and Xavy Club, tlie Manhattan Club, the Military Order of the Loval

Legion and the Geographical Society : the Grosvenor Club of London,

and the Ducjuesne Club of Pittsburg. In 1872-73 he was a captain in

tlic Xation.'d Guard of Pennsylvania. In his native citv he has been

elected to the office of mayor, was city solicitor three terms and a member

of the council for several years Ife has traveled extensivelv. and visited

Europe six times.

On May 9, 1867. Mr. Mackey married Miss Lauretta Barnes Fay,

of Columbus. Ohio. She is a granddaughter of Daniel Fay. of Hardwick.

Massachusetts, b^rn Decemb.er 14. 1752. and who served in Colonel

Larnefl's regiment in the Revolution. Her maternal great-grand-

father. Timothy Paige, was born in Hardwick, Massachusetts. May 24.

1727. and died .\pril 2(1. 179^1: he held various offices of a civil nature,

and served in the I\cvolutionary war with the rank of colonel. The

late Right Reverend Philander Chase, bishop of the Protestant Episcopal

church in Ohio and founder of Kenyon College, was the uncle of Mrs.

Mackey. and accompanied her f.iiher to Ohio, from X'ermont. in 1812. 628 COMPENDICM OF HISTORY ./.V/) CliX I'.AI.OGY

Mrs. Mackey's f.-itlicr was Cyrus Paige I*"ay, aii

_'. iS/j. was treasurer of tlie Cnhimhus and Xenia Uailfdad Company.

He w.as a man of lh<;ii eliaraeter and standint;- in the CHmmnnity. I lis

wife was .Myra ( llarncs) l-'ay. a dauijliter of Dr. Samuel ilarnes, a surgeon in the Rexolutionary army.

of Mr. and Mrs. .Maekey liaxe six ehihiren : Susan Taylor, wife

K. \i. Hughes, ;Utorney-al-law of I'ranklin; .Myra hay. wife of C. C.

Osborne, of ^'okahanla. J.apan. one of the representali\-es of the Stand- ard Oil (-'< mp.any in the Orient: Cyrus Fay: Willi.am Cha^e: Julia Amie.

wife of Hr. Karl iMnmerling, of I'ittshurg. I'ennsylvani.a : and M.ariou

Pa i lie.

ELIAS DKF.MF.R.

One of the most ])ronnner.t and distinguished citizens of W'illiams-

pnrt is the lion. l'".h:i'> I )eenier, who is now ser\itig as congressman from the lifleenth. formerly the si.KleeiUli district of Petmsylvania. composed of the counties of Clinton, Potter, Tioga and Lycoming. His record as a soldier, as an olTicial and a business urni has heen so honorable that he has gained the confidence and good will of all with whom he has been brought in contact. His unbending integrit\' of eliaraeter. his

fearlessness in the discharge of his diuies and his a])preciation of the responsibilities that ba\e rested upon him li;i\e been such ;is to make him a most acceptalile incumbent in the ofliee be now fills.

Mr. Deemer is a uati\e of Puicks counts', this state, and was rearecl ui)ou his father's farm in luucb the usual manner of farmer bovs of his da\-. .\t the ;ige of fifteen vears he began clerking in a countrv store, where be was employed until 1859, when he went to Philailelpbia or run state op Pennsylvania. g29

and entered a wlinlesalc notion liousc. In tlie spring of i86i he returned to liis home in lUicks count}', and in jnly of that year offered liis services to his country, which was then en,L;a!;cd in ci\il war. enlisting as a private of Company K, ()ne Hundred and h'ourtli Pennsylvania Volun- teer Infantry. ['"arK' in tlie fall of iS^)! the re,giment went to Wash- ington. D. C and cncamiicd on Kalorama Hei.ghts, where they remained until Decemher. and then nio\ed into liarracks on Fourteenth street. In March. 186.2. the regiment marched to .Me.xandria, thence hy trans])orts to Xorfolk. Virginia, and then marchcil ten or fifteen miles on the peninsula, remaining there until aliout the middle of M;iy.

.\t that ))lacc Mr. 1 )ecmer was discharged for disability on account of injuries sustained in the line of (hu\- .and fmm which he has never wholly recovered.

In the spring of 1868 he came In [,\coming count\' and took up his residence in Williamsport. where he has since made his home. During the iuter\cning ve.ars he has advanced as the city has grown and now occupies a f(.reniost jilace in business circles, being one of the Largest em])lovers of labor in this section of the state. On his arrival here he cmb.arkcd in the lumber business, to which he h;is since given close attention, .and he is now interested in fom" sawmills, .all located in W'ill- i.amsporl. and is i).art owner and treasiu'cr of the Williamsport Wood

(onip.anv. all employing in full o])er;Uiou between ['wc .and six hundred persons, besides giving work to hundreds of men in Lycoming. Clinton.

Potter. Tioga. Clearfield. Cambria. Iudian;i ,uid other comities along the Sus(|uehanna ri\er in the stocking .and lloating of logs. It has been said that Mr. Deeiuer has contracted for. Iiought and stocked into the Susqueltanna Ixioni. for himself .'uid the firms with which he h:is been and is associated, more logs th.an any other man who h;is lum- bered on the West 15r.inch. lie is also identified with several otiier 630 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY .1X1) GPXP.ILOCV

ontcT])riscs allied witli tlie luml)er industry. lie is llic active nianajjer

of Sti'diit;'. Decnier iS: C nnipaiu'. limited; jiresidetit

Land and l.uniher Conii)any, and oi the firm nf ]•.. Deemer &• C'nm-

])any : and has also been jircsident of the Williamsport X^ational I'ank since 1894.

In piilitics Mr. Deemer has al\va\s heen an ardent l\ei>ulilican, and has done all in his ]Ki\ver to advance his ])arty"s interests. In tlie sprinj:; of t888 he was elected to the common conncil of Williamsport. and as soon as he had taken the oath of office he was elected ])resident. The follriwinsj year he was re-elected to the coimcil and was asjain chosen to ])rcside over that hodv. Tn the spring' of \i>()C) he was a candidate for dcle.c;ate to tlie Ke]iu1)lican national conxention. and was one of the lirst to announce himself openly in favor of William McKinley for the

])residencv and u])on that issue carried the county overwliclminaly. In

igoo he became the cand.idate of bis party for congressman from the sixteenth district and was trium]>hantiy elected in the fall of that year and re-elected in igoj. Xational progress and local advancement are causes dear to liis heart, .and. being ]iublic-.spirited in an eminent degree, he has made a most efficient, faithful and trustworthy official. .\1- though losing heavily in the Hoods of i88() and 1894. he it was who stimulated the courage of his brother lumbermen by being the first to enter into new contracts for logs to keep alive Williamsport's largest industry. In manv other ways he lias yielded \alual)le service to the citv and the surrounding country.

Socially Mr. Deemer is a very agreeable gentleman, and his relations with his employes have been pleasant, many having been with bim for many years. He contributes liberally to churches and charitable institutions, an.d has done much for the benefit of the old soldiers, being an honored member of Reno Post, G. A. R.. since 1889. or THE STATE OP PEWSYLIAMA. r.31

THOMAS ROBB.

Thuiiias k

March 30. 1841, and was the son of Charles and Keljccca Rohh: he attended private school and was married to Delia Xash Cozens on

June 8. 1871. Three children were horn to them. Thomas Robb.. Jr.. Eagleson Rohh and Henrietta Robb Gregg.

Mr. Robb showed an early ajjtitnde and liking for real estate, to which he gave his time and energy. He built np the section now known as the I'orty-ninth street oi)eration. and gave the Pennsylvania Railroad the ground on which tliey built the present Forty-ninth street station.

He was also interested in real estate investments in all sections of the city, and !iis judgment as regards the valuations of properties was most largely sought after. He was one of the promoters of. and afterwards president of the Atlantic City division of the Reading Railroad, running to Cape May. and it was largely due to his influence and financial assistance that the road was built, believing a competing road to

Cape May would add prosperity to the place and increase the value of real estate holdings. • In Mr. Robb's domestic and private life he showed the true Christian spirit, hating sham and pomp, and caring for simplicity and sincerity. He was for twenty-three years a member of the Cluuci) of the .\scension. and for seventeen years a vestryman of the church. It was due to him tliat the present edifice at the corner of Broad and South streets was built. He was always connected with the charitable work

Protect Children from Crueltx . fnr many years on the executive committee of the Charity iiall, and its treasurer: a member of the Seventh

Ward ( harily and the City Institute, and his ixxket was always open as a contributor towards a good and worthy cause. 6:52 coMi'F.xnirM or history ,\\n giixe.u.ocy

lie wns a niCniI)cr of llie Rittenhouse Clul), Art Chili, rcnii (luh,

IIi.sliii"ii.'al Siiciety. and Archaeological Society of the l'iii\crsilv nf

Pennsylvania, and. while entering hut little into chih life, he always

kept himself ahreast of the times, taking a hmad \ iew of life. Mr.

Rnhh w.'is a sincere .\merican geiillenian. and his loss will he telt hy

those who knew him. fur manv vears to come.

C. E. STAl'1-ORD.

This is an age when energies are directed in a S])ecial line of in-

vestigation. The nian in iirofessional or industrial life, after gaining

a varied knowledge of the hasic principles of the calling to which he

has consecrated his time, afterward gives his tin ught and effort to per-

fecting himself in his chosen department, therehy gaining a proficiency

and prominence which he cnuld otherwise not attain if !iis lalxirs were

spread over a witler held. It is in this way that C. E. Stafford,

president of the Tidewater Steel Company of Chester. Pennsylvania, is

prominent in the de\elopment of the npen-hearlh process in the United

States.

C. E. Stafford was Ixirn in Plymouth. Xew llampshne. January 31.

1854, a descendant of an old ;ind homired luiglish family, one ol the memhers having serxed as a general during the Revolutionary war. Mr.

Stafford accpiired a thorough education in the 1! ston i,atin School, after

which he entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technologv. from which he was graduated in 1873 with the degree of Bachelor of Science, in the dejjartment of mining and metallurgy. The year following his graduation he was engaged as instructor in the metallurgical laboratories of

the same institute : later he acted as chemist for several mining companies at Wyandotte. Michigan, and during the year 1875 acted in the ca- ^^t-

or Tim sT.irn or Pennsylvania. n.-^o

],acity (if clK'iitisl f(ir tlic I'eiiiis} Kania Steel Works, and siil)sef|i!ently was pI'Ttd ill charf^e nf the open-liearlli deparlmeiU. lie iin]irii\ed the design of the open lieartli fiu'nares wliicli soon became a nniversal feat- nre in Ainei'ican open-liearlh furnaces. In i

Stafford, and tlie\' were reniarkalle fi r e.xtremeK' low f)xidation oi the charge. In iSSo Mr. Stafford was appninied superintendent of the I'.essemer coriverting department, and to him is due the honor of making the first Ijasic oi' Th' mas Bessemer steel ingots in this country.

He retaineil this ])osition until the year iSS:;. when he resigned in oroer to acce])t a position with the Shoenkerger Steel C(jnipany of I'i'ts- burg, I'cnnsyhania. where he remained until Ma\-. \^^'./^. He designed and built the Bessemer comerting i)lant of that company. In 1896 he removed to the .South Chicago plant of the Illinois Steel C"':mi)any

(now

Chester, 1 'eiinsyl\;ini;i. which has become a strong factor in the plate trade of the eastern coast.

lie is a ])romineiit member nf the .\merican Institute of Mining and I'jigineering. ha\iiig juiiied in 187^; and a memlier of the Ct)l!ege

Chi Phi .Society: he is als a member of the Chicago Club, the Manu- facturers' Club of rhiladelphia. the llarrisburg Club, the Pittsburg

Club, .'uid Penn Club of Chester, Pennsylvania.

( )u .\i)ril 2j. iSjj. Mr. Stafford married Miss Mary Louise Hani- mill, daughter of Caleb Ila.mmill. of Chicago, Illinois, and grand- ••3(i CUMPUXDILM Ul- lllSTUkY ASD GLXE/iLOCY

daugiitcT (it Judge U(>l)crl llainniill. mic nf tlic earliest settlers of Clii-

cago. Tlieir cliildren are I'Vaukiin Hainmill and 1-diz ilx'lii I lannnill

Stafford. I'xiili Mr. Stafford and his wit'e are actixe and c insistent members of the Episcopal church of Ciiester, Pennsylvania.

S. A. DAVENPORT.

S. A. i)a\en|)ort, of I'lrie. was horn January 15. 1834, in Schuyler county, near W'.ntkins. Xew ^llrk. hut since iS,^') he has lived in Eric.

Erie county. I'ennsyhania. He reccixcd his education in the Erie .\cademy. read law and \v;is <;i"aduated at the Harvard Law I'niversity in

1855. In i860 he was elected district attorney for the count\ of luie. and is now a practicing attorney. In iSSS he was elected district delegate to the Republican national conventi(^)n at Chicago, in 1892 was elected one of the delegates al large to the national Rei)ui)iican coincn- tion at Minnea])olis. and was elected to the iifty-fifth Congress from the state at large liy a majority of two hundred and ninety-three thousand foiu" hundred and forty-l'ne votes.

JOHN H. GRAHAM.

John Harris Craham, a native of Strabane, county Tyrone. Ireland, was born December 4. iSj<;. the s

John H. (iraham received his education in the pul)lic schools of this city. At the age of fourteen he connected himself with the seed establisiiment of Roljert Buist, and later entered the agricultural imple- ment and seed house of Boa & Spangler, afterwards purchasing the interest of Mr. Boa. O/- THE STATE 01- PEXNSVLrAMA. «::T

In 1858 he established tlie ririn

Genuine Philadelphia Lawn Mowers" of world-wide re])utation. One son. Walter E. (jraham. is the president, and another son. John W.

Graham, the secretary and treasurer, of the cor|)oration known as the

Philadelphia Lawn Mower Company.

Mr. Graham in his early life was a hard worker, and knew the value of a conscientiously accjuired dollar, which he accumulateil by iiiduslr\- and perseverance, and sK wly but surely forged to the front.

He was a liberal contributor to worthy enterprises and charities, and was from his early manhood a member of the Presbyterian church and an elder therein for more than twenty years.

He was a .strong anti-slavery man. and adhered to the principles of the Republican party during his life. He ne\er sought political pre- ferment, but served his constituents, at their earnest recjuest. in select council of this city, for a term of eight years, beciniiing a prominent leader in tiiat body as the ciiainnan of several committees of impir- taiice.

lie served as a mcnilier of the ixiard of trade for many years,

;iiid was also a member ot the board of trustees of the Northern Dis- pensary, ill which he took a special interest. Me was a director of the

Corn b'xciiange National I'.aiik for twenty-tive years, and was an imixirtant factiir in the successful management of that institutiini. .\fter retiring from the old firm located at (131 Market street, he ilevoted his time to financial affairs, having his office in the Drexel building. He C>-'>8 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY ./AT) GENEALOGY

was a well kiinwn fii^urc in business and I'niaiicial circles, ami his sturdy manhood and business probity were always c<)nsi)icuiius in bis dealings witb bis fellow men. never sacrificin,t; any of iiis well defined principles of justice and luimanity in bis business relations, and tbus b:iviii.!4 built u|) a character that uuide his life work iinl in \ain. lie did! Imnored and respecteil by all who knew him on the twenty-eighth day of Sep- tember. 1S9S. lca\ini:; seven children. \\\ii daughters and tw(» sons.

ALFRED W". WILLIAMS.

.\lfred W. Williams, attorney-at-law at Slianni. I'eniisylvania, was born in I'.rodktield. Ohio. December 22. 1851. and is a son of Riley and Rachel (Porter) Williams. The Williams family came from Con- necticut, and settled in the Western Reserve, while the Porter family were pioneers of Mercer county. Pennsylvania. To Riley and Rachel

Williams were born four children, namely: Alfred W. : WillK'rt M.. of Cleveland: Ella, widow of John Scr\ice: and Julia, wife of W. K.

Xavlor. of Bellaire. Ohio. Riley Williams died in Sharon. October 26,

1865. and his widow is still a resident of the borough. He was a pioneer in the development of the Pennsylvania oil country, and was jxjst- master of Pitthole Center when that oil town was at the height of its prosjieritv. and be was \ery jM-ospcrous. The ancestry on the jjaternal side is traced back to Sir Roger Williams.

Alfred W. Williams came to Sharon with his parents and grew to manhood in that locality. On the death of his father he was thrown on his own resources, and worked in one of the rolling mills of Sharon for several years. .\t the age of eighteen years be began learning the trade of carpenter and architectural drawing, and worked as carpenter and builder from 1870 until the close of 1881. In December of that or THE STATE OF PEXXSYEIAMA. •la'-' vear he received an apijointment as paster and foliler in the foldinpf

department < t the lumse of representatives at Washington. D. C. Init was soon afterwards promoted to a clerkship, which lie fdled until

Januarw li^H^, and was afterwards apponitcd to a p

Washington. 1). C. where he took his degree of B. L. in June. 1883.

In June. i8

.Association, whicli pi sitinn lie has held for fourteen years, and lias been attorney for the street railways in Sharon e\er since the organ- iz.ition of the \;i'iiius ci m])anies. Mr. Williams is a Republican, and h.is ne\er sought imblic ofi'.ce. but was an unsuccessful candidate f'>r judge of Mercer county, in 1894. I)eiiig defeated l;y the present incumbent. Hon. Samuel H. Miller.

On Marcli 29. 1876. Mr. Williams was married to Miss L

Hull, wlio died May 26. 1877. lca\ing a daugiiter. Louisa. He was married Deceml)er 7. 1886. to Miss Ida Bovce. of Sharon. Fraternally

Mr. Williaius is a member

Home Circle. f.4(i COMI'ENDIUM ()! HISTORY AMI GRNRALOGV

LOUIS ROTT.

Homestead. Pennsylvania, has lon^' hceii tann'us in the inihisfial

wiii'M. due Id llic fact Lit its being the location of the celelirated Car- negie Steel Works. .\s a center nf acti\it\- in \aricd lines of indu'^try and manufacture it yields to no i)lace of its size in inijinrtance an.d interest. .\n immense amount of capital has been invested there, and the organization, management and ownership of its man\- plants have drawn to its limits some of the highest talent and most skilful fnianciers in the I'nited States. .\mi>ng these Mr. L<»uis R tl takes high rank, l.iith (in account of his li>ng identification with the city's developnient and the important ser\ice he has rendered as an active particijiant in its progress. In all. he has figured in ;dni(ist every line which contributes toward the life of this busy young metropolis, and in what he has undertaken, whether in the financial, industrial nr social fields, his success has been such as to gne him marked ])rominence among the citizenship of Homestead. .Ml these sentiments will be fully verilied bv the ap])ended brief liiography cnvering the nmre impnrlant p(jints ot his career.

His parents were ChristiiMi and l.nuisa ( lleiseker) Rnit, nali\es of the duchy of Brunswick, (iermany, and who emigrated to the I'nited

States in 1830 and locateil ..t Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. The father was a blacksmith, nf steady and indnsiridus Jiabits, efficient as a me- chanic and noted I'or de\dti'in to his famil\-. taking ^.]lecial interest in the educaticm of his chilch'en and in tr.aining them to li\es of up- rightness. He was of a religious turn of mind, an adiierent nf the doctrines taught by the I.uther.ans, and for many years attended the church of that denomin.iticm situated on High street, in Pittsburg. .\s long as health .and strength jjcrmitted he pursued his trade at Pitts- Cfhf-

or THE STATE OP PEKNSYLVAXIA. 643

hurt;^, wliere in tlie fulness of years and lionors tlie lives both of him-

self and wife were exentuallv ciiiie

of the liajjpiness that awaits Christians after death. This worthy cou])le

had four children, of whom the three sur\i\drs are: h'rederick, a resi-

dent of Pittsburg; C. Z. T"., who is nianas^er of a glass factory in

Te.innettt. I'ennsylvania : and Louis, the immediate subject of this

review.

Louis Rott was horn in the duchy of P.runswick, near the Martz

mountains, in Germany. October 22. 1S44. and consequently was only

about six years of age wlien his parents crossed the ocean. He received

a good educati n in the Pittsburg schools, rmd at the age of fourteen

years commenced to serve an apprenticeshi]) in the retail drug business.

This was completed in five years, when he entered into ])artnershii) with

the proprietor, which terminated at tlie end of twelve months by the

closing out of the business. I lis next engagement was with R. L. Fahen-

stock & Company, wholesale druggists, which lasted sixteen years,

during which time Mr. Rott seived the firm in various capacities. In

1R82 he embarked in the retail drug business at Homestead, and carried

it on for six years, after which lie took a step that proved the l)eginning

of what was destined to be a just and intluential career. In 1888

be assisted in organizing the I'irst Xationai Rank of Homestead, was

elected its tirst cashier, was then made its vice-president, and is now

the ])resident of this ])o]))dai" institution. In addition to his banking

interests he is c nnectcd with the 1 kimestead lirick C"ompany, the Mil'llin

Land \- IniiiroxciiRiit Coni]),a',y and the Homestead Raking Company.

.\nother important act of Mr. Rott. Ixjth t'or himself and the community,

was his assistance in the organizatitm of the Homestead Ruilding &

Loan .Association, of which he has been secretary for :dmost twenty years. G44- COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AXD GEXEALOGY

I'.iit Mr. Rott's cncrg^ies lia\c not l)v anv means lieen cnnfincd In

his acliicvcmcnls in tlic liusincss wurld. tiis activities in ntlier lines being

e(|nally active and lielpfnl. Vcw citizens of Homestead ha\e heen so

conspicimns and influential as lie in connection with the various fra-

ternities of the city, many

memhershi]! in Lodge Xo. 1)91. Independent Order nf C")d(| l-cllnws;

Pioaz Council. Rfiyal .\rcanuni . .\mity Conclave. Tlqitasoplis : and Lin- coln Castle, Ancient Order of the Knights of the Mystic Chain. lie is

also a member of the Free i^- .\ccepted Masons. Homestead I-idge.

Knights of Pythias, and .'^hilnh Chajiter. He has been treasurer "f

Homestead borough for aldut ten years, scrveil for about two terms mi the schoiil board, and for three years represented his ward in the city council. His financial interests are numerous and imjiortant. rind fe\\- of its citizens have done so much fur the ujibuilding and ])npulariziiig of the institutions of Homestead.

Mr. Rntt was married Julv 19. 1876. to Miss Arabella J. Mc-

Candless. a daughter- of Robert McCandless. and they had three sons.

1.. F.dwin, the eldest, is cashier of the Homestead Xati'.T.al li.-mk; l\.

George is clerk of the Homestead Steel Company: and Albert John is an iiiN'alid. The wife and mother was called tn her final rest on the

2gth of November. iR8(). and May 17. iSgi, Mr. Rott was united in marriage to her sister. Margarctt \'irginia McCandless. Like hish'in- urablc parents before him. Mr Rntt is a man nf religious inclinations

;uid holds the position iif senior warden in St. Mrttthew's F.piscoji.'d church at Homestead. In business affairs. fratern;d and soci.al connections and in all the walks of life Mr. Rott is regarded as a high-minded and Christian uentleman. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. «45

DANIEL CllARlJvS CLARKE.

In llic field of ])()liticril life Daniel C. Clnrke lias won distinction, and is now nnmljereci among the leading, influential and honored citizens of I'liiladelphia, Pennsylvania. It is a well attested maxim that the greatness of a state lies not in its machinery of government nor even in its institutions, hut in the sterling t|ualities of its individual citizens, in their ciiiacitv for high and unselfish effort and their devotion to the public good. Such a man is Mr. Clarke, whose ambitions and desires are centered and directed in those channels through which tlow the greatest and most permanent good to the greatest number.

Daniel C. Clarke was Ixirn in .\niiville. Lebanon ounty, Pennsyl- vania, and his ancestors, of Scotch-Irish origin, were among the first settlers nf the Dcrr\' and Paxtong Colonv- in Dauphin county, Penn- sylvania; in 1720 they erected the old Dcrry church, in which they worshiped, carrying with them to their services their ritles for defense against the frequent raids of the Indians of the forest. His father.

Walter Clarke, wa> a well known and prominent citizen of Lebanon county, having been twice honored by his fellow townsmen to serve in the capacity of commissioner of the countv. He was also instrumental in the organization of a battalion of troops, of which he was elected captain, known as "The .\nn\ille (iuards," celebrated in the military annals of the state. lie was united in marriage to Miss Eliza- beth Stroh.

Mr. Clarke ;ic(|uired his literary education in the Lebanon Valley

Academy, after which he accepted a position as^ lx)okkeeper at the Corn- wall Iron Works, one of the largest iron establishments in t!ie state of

Pennsylvania: subsequently he removed to Philadelphia, .nnd engaged in the wholesale fancy goods and n()tinn trade, with the old established r>4ii COMPENniCM or HISTORY AXD GEKIi.il.OGV house of Brooke, Iniller & Coini)any, then located in Tliird street, the center of the wliolesale (Iry-S'oods district of the city at tliat time. I'lion the retirement, from .active husiness pursuits, if liis associates, lie hecame their successor .and jin ijjriet^r df tlie husiness. which he succcss- fullv conducted for twelve years. Mr. Clarke's i)ros])erous career gave him iironiinencc not only in husiness circles Init in social and political life. He was cho.sen to represent the thirtcentli district in the legislature of Pennsylvania, and was ai)])iinte(l hy judge Folger. then secretary of the United States treasury, an examiner of customs, which jmsition he filled in an efiicient and cap.ahlc manner satisfactory to the depart-

fact well attested ment and to the merchants nf I 'Inladelphia. this l)eing liv them in a large ])etitiMii in tlieir recommendation to the president of the L'nitcd States for hi> ajjpointment as I'nited States ajijiraiser ;it this

]K)rt. He was appointed .-issistant I'nited States appraiser hy President

Harrison, and during the four years of his administratiou displayed an executive ahiiitv of a high order. .gi\ing satisf.action to everyone with whom he was hrought in contact, and at the same time he fearlessly considered the interests of the government. With due ajipre- ciation of his services, an ;i])plication was made to President McKinley for his a])])ointment as ai)iiraiser of the ])ort h\- almost every rejiresenta- tive and jironiinent husiness house, embracing the manufacturing ;'.nd importing interests of llie city, together with many jiersonal letters from leading ,and iullnenti.al citizens.

Mr. Clarke ])ossesses .a \igorous constitution, has many social (|ua]- ities that endear him to a large circle of friends, is very positixe in his likes and dislikes, of strong will power and decided personality. On

September 3, 1867, Mr. Clarke married Miss Mary C. Knisell, a daughter of Benjamin and Eliza j. M. (Culj)) Knisell. the former named, being a descendant of a Xew Jer.sey ancestry. Jacob Culp. grandfather :

(;/• THE STATE OE PENNSYEVANIA. 047

of ^^1s. Clarke, was one of tlie pi ncer wholesale grocers of IMiiladelphia,

i'eiiiisyl\ ,'inia. (.•onductins^ Inisiness for innnv vears at tlie corner of

Second and C'allowliill streets, on the site of tl)e old Tilack- Horse Inn.

One child has licen horn to Mr. and Mrs. Clarke. Walter Knisell Clarke. who is associated in husiness with his father.

lOIIX W'OOLh" JOKD.W. LL. D.

hihn Woolf Jordan, LL. D. (Lafayette), horn in Philadelphia.

Septeniher 14. iS4(j. is a son of Francis and Emily (W'oolfl Jordan, a grandson of John and Elizaheth (Henry) Jordan, of I'liiladclphia a great-grandson of Hon. William Henry, of XorthamiUon county, twenty years justice of the district courts and a jircsidential elector

of Wasliington, 1793: a great-great-grandson of I Ion. William Henry. of Lancaster count\'. mcmher of the committee of safetv of Pennsvl- vania. memh.er of the old congress and assistant commissary general during the Revolution.

He was graduated fmm Xazareth Hall in 1856. In 1886 he l)e- came editor of the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography: in 1885. assistant lihrarian of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania: in 1903. lihrarian of tlie Historical Society of i'cnnsylvania, and in

1895 tlrst president of the Colonial Society of Pennsylvania, and is registrar of the Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the Revolution.

He has contrihnted nunieri us articles to historical luagazines and is the author of: "I'riedensthal and its Stockaded Mill. 1749-1767";

"Narrative of John I leckewelder's Journey to the Wahasli in 1792":

"P)ishop Siiangenhurg's Xotes of Travel to Onondaga in 1743": ".\

Red Rose from the Olden Time. I752-I77_>" : "Something .\lxnit Trom-

Ixmes": "Notes of Travel of John Ilcckewelder to Ohio, 1797": "Occu- <>4.s coMi'F.xnirM or ///.stoam' ./.v/) crxrai.ogy

pation (if Xew York hy tlic I^)ritisli, \jjy\-jXS' : "Ik-tlilclK'ni Diiiini:; llie

Revoliitidn" : "The Military Ilnspitals at llctlilclieni ami i.ititz Ihir-

in<^ the Rexnlulion" : "IVanklin as a Genealogist" ; and he edited "Fis-

say of an OnniKkii^a Clramniar.'" by Dasid Zeisherger : "Continental

Hospital Returns, ijjS-ijSo." lie is a nienilier of various historical societies in states; a memlier of the commission for llie ])re>er\atiiin of the arcliives of the state of Pennsvlvania. Ilis contributions to the histor\- of the Mnia\i;ui church in PennsvKania are voluminous

GF.XKRAL ALkRiaJ L. I'I'.ARSOX.

General Alfre

Renns\l\';mia. and whose memhcrs were ranked among the most prominent and inlluential citizens of that region. Ilis father. John Pearson, w.as a trdented and highly esteemed man, and his e\am])le and inlluence had much to do in forming the character (if his son. Alfred L. Pearson was lK)rn in Pittshing. December j8. i<'^3''). He was educated in tlie public schools and at Jefferson College. Pennsvlvania. His tastes and inclinations led him to .adopt the profession of the law. a.nd. .after pursuing bis studies inidcr the capable i)recei)torsbip of \l. \\. Jones, was admitted to the bar in 1861.

Just ;is he was entering upon his legal career, the outbreak of the

Civil war turned bis enthusiasm in another direction, and resulted in bis winning fame on the field of battle before he did at the b.ar. lie enlisted in August. iHfjj. and on .\ugust 22(1 was made captain of

Company A. One Hundred .and I'ifty -fifth PennsvK.ania Xdlunteers.

He soon displayed the true soldierly (|U

OP THE STATE OF PENNSYTVAXfA. 651

and his pniiiiiitidii fullnwed ra])i(lly. On Decemljer 31st nf the same year lie was made niajor: July 22. 1X63. received his commission of Hen- tenant ciiinnel: mi tiie 31SI nf llie following numtli was ])romoted 10 colonel: served in that capacitv f(ir thirteen months, and on Septeml)er

30. 1864. was ;ii)])

\'ir.<(inia was hrc\etted niajdr j^encrai. and he also received a medal of honor frnni C'nn^ress. lie partici]):ited in all the movements and en- gaijements nf his regiment throughout the war. and as brigadier general commanded the Third Brigade. First Division. Fifth Corps, consisting of troo])s from FcnnsNlvania and Xcw "S'ork. being in command of the latter detachment until mustered out at the end of the war.

Tlis record as a soldier is ])artictU;uiy honorable, for he was at all times an eflicient. zealous and bra\e ofticer. and these three vears of military during his earlier years must be regarded as the most memorable of his entire life.

General Pearson (li

Sixth Dixision (formerly the Fightcentli l)i\ision): in 1888 he became Commander of the Xational I'nion X'eteran Legion. He served sexeral terms as a member of the Imard of managers of the Xational

Home tor Disabled Soldiers, ami in M.irch. 1902, was elected first vice- president of th;it institution, in which position he served till death. In

October. 1868. ( iencral Pearson was elected district attornev for Alle- gheny county, and served as such for three vears, showing as great

;ibilit\' in this exacting position as he had liefore as a soldier. Tn

October. 1871. he was elected by the I'ifteenth ward of Pittsburg to the 65'2 COMPENDIUM 01' HISTORY AM) GENEALOGY

select council lor two years, and ga\e much time anil attention to

municipal affairs while in this oflice. 'In 1866-67 General I'earson edited

the Siiiulay Critic and otherwise disi)la_ved his literary ahility h)' pro-

ducing three plays, which have ne\'er, howexer. been staged, hrom this

l>ricl record it may l>e seen thai General I'earson had a \ersatile char-

acter, and while he made an especial reputation as a leader of men he

was also able in other departments ol eudeavnr, and rani^ed among the

best of rittsbtug's citizens.

\\ILLl.\x\I M. liROWN.

W illiam M. l'ir(jun. tiie i)resent lieutenant governor of the com-

monwealth (jf I'ennsyhania. was born in Cireen\ille. Mercer county,

Pennsylvania, Septemlier jo, 1850. and is now a resident of Newcastle.

Lawrence comity. When he was fi\-e years old his lather died, and

his mother shortly afterward mo\ed to Iowa, where young Urown

began his education in the ]iublic schools. He was also a student in

the grammar school at Warren. Ohio, at the Power Commercial School

in Newcastle, Pennsylvania, and the One Study Scliool of the same

city. With the law as liis intended profession he studied with Judge

McMichael and was admitted to the bar in 1876, and for the following

eight years dexoted himself to jiractice.

His career as a iniblic ofticial l)egan in 1883. when he was made

special agent of the land office department of the I'liilcd States, serving

from January to .\ugust of that year, after wbicli lie resigned and re-

sumed tlie practice of law. .\s the candidate of the Republican ])arty,

whose principles he has always upheld. Mr. Ihown made the race for

member of the house of representatixcs from Lawrence oinity in 1876 and again in 1880. but was defeated both times b\- a narrow margin. OF Tllli STATE OF PF.WSVUAMA. r>->-i

111 Xuveiiihcr, iXi/). lie was elected a niemher of tlie state senate from tile torty-se\entli district, composed

Brown was a memlier of the select council of Newcastle. In 1902 the

Re])ul)licaii state convention nominated him for lieutenant governor: he was elected in the followini^ Xovemlier li_\- a jjlurality of 181.254, and was inaugurated in the oOice January jo, 1903.

In i8(;o Mr. llniwn shifted his attention to business, an

Ra])id Transit Uailroafl system of Syracuse, Xew ^'ork. In 1884 Mr.

I'rown married Miss Margaret I'"oltz. and they have two children, a dauLdiler ;ind a son.

W II.I.IAM WRENSHALL SMITH.

The lamil)- of this name, represented by three generations whose activities lia\e covered a period of o\er seventy-two years, have im-

])resse(l themsehes in an endearing wa\- upon the commercial, financial, religious and educational life of the community. Besides their successful acliie\ements in the mercantile world, memorial of permanent value ill the shape of a select hoarding school for Ixivs. which is a model of its class, will keep the citizens of Washington e\ er in mind of a pliil.antliropist and public lieiiefact

William Smith, who was born near Darlington, Beaver county. ''•W COMI'liXDlCM ()/ HISTORY .WD ill-.S li.ll.OCV

I'c'iinsyKaiiia. .\ui^u;^t 15. iSoo. wdrkcd > <\\ his fallicr's farm until he

\v;is twenty years of age. In iSji. in ei>ni]i.an\' witli his hmtlier James, lie eanie tn W'ashing^ton and (i]>ene

'I'heir location was on Market street, wliere in the sjiace of a few years they Iniilt nj) a tlonrishing business, hut in 1825 failin,q- health compelled fames to a retirement, which led to a disposal of their enterjjrise. Will- iam snhse(|nently located at W'illirmitown and re-emliarked in nier- chrmdisins'. hut in iSj8 retiu'ncd to W'ashinoton and opened a store where the Watson block now stands, south of the jiuhlic sf|uare. This vcntm-e pro\-ed so successful from the he.qinninjj that ;m enlargement was fleemed ad\-isal)le. and this was proxided for hy the ])urch;ise from

I'iex'. Thomas Hogue of the northeast corner of Alain .and I'e.au streets, to which the enterprising merchant removed his store in 1835. Pre- vious to this. ho\ve\-er. he had bought of Judge P>aird the "l\Minid

Corner," where in 1861 he erected the brick and iron structure on Main and P>eau streets now known as the "Iron Hall." In 1853 he took into partnershiii his only sou, and from then until the jiresent time the firm

name of William Smith iH: Son has been one of the most familiar in the financial circles of Washington. .Soon after his return to this city the father established and conducted with success a jirivate banking business, which continued to grow in popularit}- under the management of his son after his retirement from .active business in 1867.

While residing at I'nioiUown Mr. .Smith met Miss Wrenshall. of

Pittsburg, to wlii'iu he was married in 1828 at .Steubemille. Ohio. The two children born of this union were William Wrenshall and l'"aiiny

Fielding, the latter becoming the wife of l'"erdiiiand Warm. Mrs. Smith died in the fall of 1861. after a long and ])ainful illness, and her bus- OP THE STArii OF PnX'NSV/.rAMA. «r.o

hand was siil)sc(|iieiitly married in Philadelphia to Mrs. Xewell. a widow of lliat cit\ and daughter of Jolin Simcs. one of the early citizens of

\\ asiiington. After his rctircineiil f n mi liu>iness a feu years later Mr.

Smith |)urchased a pleasant home in I'liiladelphia. and while resident there liis >.econd wife died, in tiie winter of 1886. He ccjntinued to make his imnie in I'liiladelphia until the spring of the following veir. when he returned tn Washington, where he peacefullv and painlessly passed away on the uth of July. 1S.S7. in the eighty-seventh year of his age. In his earlier years he had heeu an adherent of the Covenanter church. l)ut while resident at Washington hecame an active member of tlie Cunihcrlaiicl Prcshyterian congregation, .\ftcr his removal to Phila- dcli)liia he connected himself with the I'nited Presbyterian church, and was one of its communicants at the time of his death.

William Wreiishall Smith, i.nly sun of his father, was horn at

Washiiigtiin. PeniisyKania. .\ugust 15. 1830. During his y(nitli he eujined the benefits of the preparatcjry department at Washington C(j1- lege. under the jireceptorship of Professor Robert Milligan. and en-

tered the fresJiman class of • the same institution in 1848. After com- lileting his studies by graduaticm in 1832 he immediately entered his father's dry-goods store and banking office, and a year later became a full partner in both branches of business, .\lthough he had taken a course of law in tlie office of Robert Kuntz. he did not engage in the practice on account of the decision to join his father in his mercantile and liiiancial enterprises, which fully absorbed his time. During the

Ci\il war he served as a voluntar)- aide-de-camp on the staf? of General

Grant both in the southwest and in \'irginia. and this connection led to a life-long friendship between himself and the great commander.

When, on June 13. i^(>~. Mr. Smith was married to Miss Emma Willard

McKennan. daughter of Judge W iiliani .McKennan, of the United States 6r,6 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY .1X1) GP\li.\IJ)(.;y

circuit cniut. the hem of AppiiinaltnN, witli his wife ami sons, appeared

among the guests, and often afterwaril was a visitor at tlieir pleasant

home. Other distinguished men who graced this auspicious occasion

were Generals Hilyer and Colonel William Dunn. i;f General Grant's

staff. Mrs. Smith sur\i\e(l her marriage some twehe years, and died

in 1879. lca\ing two sons. William McKennau. who is associated with

his father in business, and L'lysses S. Grant, iieadmaster of Trinity

Hall.

This establishment. Trinity Hall, is worthy of special mention, as

it is one of the finest educational establishments of its kind tn he found

anywhere. Mr. .Smith became owner of the property 1)_\' purchase in

1866, and made it his residence until the death of his wife, alxjut which

time he converted it into a select boarding school for boys, of which he

assumed the position of ])roprietor and .rector. Though his main ob-

ject was to furnish first-class instruction for his own sons at their home,

the establishment of the Trinity Hall school was not only a happy event

for Washington but a distinct benefit to the cause of general education.

The original building was erected in 1857 as a private residence and

was long occupied for this purpose by Mr. Smith. Since it was con-

\ertefl to school purijoses the structure has been greatly enlarged from

time to time as the increase of ])atr(]nage demanded, 'fhe natural

beauties of 1 rinily Hall and its surroundings, together with its un- surpassed advantages as a homelike educational institution, are thus glowingly set forth by Re\-. bred C. Cowper, of Amesbury, Massachu-

setts : "The school grounds contain forty acres situated in a rich and

Ijeautiful hill country, twehe hundred feet above tide water, and surrounded by wide-spreading ma])les. elms, lindens and evergreens, with orchards, gardens and \ineyards, through which wind broad drives bordered by well kejil lawn-. There has never been sickness in the OF THE STATE OF PEXSSYLVAMA. f'57

school. Delicate l)oys heconie stn^ng and manly in its pure liealtb- giving atmosphere. The morals of the place -ire pure; the tone elevating and refining. Under the present management the h(nisehold in all departments is suitahle for the sons of gentlemen and lias all the comforts of a refined hume. It is a lovely spot indeed. fav(jred hy nature, de- velojjed l:y the Ijest skill of the landscape gardener, kept uj) by those who take pride in it: and fcM'tunate is the Imy wIkj is permitted to spend his school (lavs at Trinity Hall."

In addition to this fine domain Mr. Smith owns much valuable real estate in W'ashingtf.n borougli. including the well known Iron Hall block, besides numerous farms in tlie county, lands in Florida and West

Virginia and residence property of great value in Philadelphia. Aside from his CDntributions to the iniblic welfare through the medium of his noble school and many business investments, Mr. Smith has long been a potential factor for such reforms as are best accomplisiied by religious agencies. He was elected treasurer of the Episcopal church in 1853. and held that office for thirty-nine consecutive years. He was three times re])resentative of the diocese of Pittsburg in the general conventions of the church, held at Boston in 1877. New York in 1880 and at Philadelphia in 1883. .\fter the foregoing biographical outlines it will seem like a su]ierfluity to rejieat. but this may safely 1)e done with emphasis, that Washington county ])ossesses no citizen who has to his credit a more honorable life record than that of William Wren.shail

Smith.

HEXRV FR.WCIS JAMES.

Previous to the Civil war western Pennsylvania occupied a very

uninfluential part in the history of the great United States, and. in fact,

was only a rather poor agricultural section of the commonwealth of C5S COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .1X1) CRNIiAI.OGY

IV'iin>yl\ania. lUit during; tlu- t'lftifs tlic discovery of processes by wliicli petroleum inij^lit lie lermed and made a \alualile article of cim- nierce made this part of the state as much an Rldorado as California had heen to the seekers after ,£jold ahout a decade before, and the country about the Allcfjlieny river suddenh- became one of the li\eliest industrial regions in the world. The oil industry had hardly readied the jilcthora of "boom" activity when Ilenrv I'rancis James arrived in Xenantjo county, so that dnriiii;' the fort\- vears \vhi(di have eiajjsed since bis rn'ri\al he has become thorono!il\ familiar with the histor\' of oil ])ro- diicing, both in times of depression and in times of ])rosperitv, and at the ])resent time is one of the large private ])rodncers of that \alualile llnid. having thirty actise well on his farm in Sugar (reek townshi]).

The ancestry of Mr. James on the jiaternal side is traced to Eng- land, and the maternal line is of Scotch-Irish e.xtraction. It is a matter

of historical record that three brothers i f the James famiK' emigr;ited

from I'lngland to .\merica in the latter part of the se\enteenth century.

Grandfather I'^^ancis James, a^ter whom Henry b'rancis was named, was a native of Massachusetts. His son Edwin passed his life in Mas.->a- clnisetts. following the occupations of farmer and ro])e-maker. and always enjoyed the resjiect and good will of his fellow citizens. He was a strong anti-slavery man. a member of the Whig jiarty. and afterward of the Re])ul;lican i)art_\-. ImIwIu James' wife was Sarah Ci. Sands- bury, whose father, James Sandsbury. also lived in Massachusetts at the time of bi^ death.

Henry Erancis James was the son of Edwin and Sarah G. (Sands- bury) James, and was born in Xantucket. Massachusetts. December

3. 1 84 1. The first work to which be de\'oted himself was the trade of coopering, and he had com])letcd his first cask when in his sixteenth year. But after mastering the trade he became imbued with the spirit or THE STATU OT PEXXSVLI-.IXI.l. r.r.o

iif tlie sea. and when lie was seventeen years old we find liini on a larjje wliulinjj; vessel, in the nii

;nid in the end he realized his amhition hy l;econiin.

\-essel. — all of this hajipening; hefore he had reached legal age. In iS6i he came to \'enango county. Pennsylvania. In I-'ebruary. 1865. he located at I 'it Hole as secretary of .\, R. Williams, all the time becoming more familiar with the oil industry. In 1S71 he removed to Sugar

C reel< township and acce])tcd the position of superintendent of the

I'ranklin I'i])e Line Companv. He soon afterward leased one liun

hrom his career in the wnild of industrv and commerce, we ni>w

consider his political recurd. fi r which he is ])erhaps best know 11 to the people of western l'cnns\!\ania and to the I nited States. He possesses those geni.d. kintl-licarted and attractixe characteristics which

ha\e gained for him lasting and many friendships, so that he has alwavs been a leader in social, and therefore political, life. As a member of the RcpuMican part\- he has held many important otV.ces. and bis official career has been une nf honor to himself and of benefit to his constituents.

A brief summary of his political record is gi\-en in SmuU's Legislative

I land-I'mok. from which we t|u te: "He was a senatorial delegate to the state convention in 1886: representative to the .\merican b'nrestry

Congress in 1888 and 1889; representative to Xational Farmers' Con- gress in i88y and 1890; president of the board of school directors of

Sugar Creek township for seven years: was director and secretary of

Venango Agricnltural .Societx. which position beheld for sexeral years."

He was a member of the state legislature for several terms, and .served CGO COMPENDIIM OF IIISTORV .IXP GliNEAI.OGY

nil the fcillow in^' cnmniiuees : (ni a])|)^)priati()ll^^, cnrpDratintis, chairman of counties and townships, public healtli and sanitation, ways and means, etc.

Mr. James is a memlier of the Knij^lits of I'ytliias, inde])en(lent

Order of Odd h'eUows. and .Xncient Order (if United W'nrkmen. In

1866 he married Miss Susan liunter. nf X.mtucket, Massachusetts, and the}- now have two chiliheii. ISertlia and l'"rank.

WILLIAM STEWART.

I'Vom a humhlc c]eriy scheming' or cmharking in hazardous enterjirises anrl without strategy or any altemjit to take advantage of his fellow citizens.

Tie has rather simght to travel over the old road th.'it has hrought success to thousands, hy im])ro\-ing the inxsent o]iportunitv, and to aggres- sively mo\-e forward at the cost of lalxir. industry and economy and the unhending energies of a determined will to succeed without a sacrifice of honoralile princijiles. In the life of William Stewart we see mrmy things that commend to us his strong force of character in achiesing his ])romotion frnm the lower walk r)f life to one of usefulness and inde])cn(lencc. Scarcely ])ast the middle age of life and with a vigorous constitution, he recalls the long, difficult journey ascending and approaching the summit, and he was very often com])elled to re- trace lost ground, which is a common experience of every living man.

For many years Mr. Stewart has heen a trusted, faithful and efficient ofificial of the Pennsylvania Railroad Companw and he has withstood the criticism which is often heaped unjustly u])on those folk)wing that calling in life, and to those that have heen weighed and found not wanting <::i^'7~<'^^ "^

01- run STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 6i;3

ill the estimation of tlie jnihlic it would l>e just to i)fiint to William

Stewart, to his hoiiorahje career as a. prominent raih^oad (jllicial for many years in this note

William Stewart was horn and re:ircd in I.ctterkenny, county Don- egal. Ireland, the ilatc nt' his hirth hein,

May I. iS5_'. ahout which time the Cleveland & i'ittsliurg Railroad was completed to the Olii:' river, .and he then entered the service of that company as clerk. In 1S58 the Cleveland S: I^ittsluirg Railroad

C'om])any secured i)roperty in Pittshurg for a terminus and made a con- tr.-ict with the Ohio & PennsyKania Railroad Comprmw now a part of the I'ittshurg. iMirt Wayne & Chicago Railroad, for joint use of tracks hetween Rochester and Pittshurg. .and Mr. Stewart was appointed agent of the com]);m\-. In 1863 he was made general traffic agent, and two years later, in 1865, superintendent and general freight agent, thus

Continuing until the road was leased to the Pennsylvania Company in

187 T. w hen he was appointed general freight agent of all the Pennsylvania

Conip.inv lines west of Pittshn-g. In iSgj he was made freight traflfic manager of these lines, in which jiosition he continued until his resig- n.ation from r.iilro.ad work. Since 1897 he has served as a director of the Pennsylvania Company. I'or sexeral ye;us Mr. Stewart was also a director and later vice-president of the .Miegheny National Bank of

Pittshurg. and in 1902 was elected its president, which position he is still lining. He is also jiresident of the Mansfield Coal & Coke Com- pany and a director in the l'.(|nitahlc Trust Coiujiany. In his social relations he is a memhcr of the T)u(|ncsne Cluh of Pittshurg. while politi- 661 COMPEXniLM Ul- HISTORY .IXP GENEALOGY

cally lie lias always affiliated w ith the Rc])ul)licaii ])arty. lint is in no sense a politician and has never snii«ht jnihlic office.

Concerning' Mr. Stewart we take jileasnre in qnotinij the words of a ])roniincnt cxecntixe railroad official: "I ha\c known him for o\-er

forty years as a congenial, kind and npriii'ht man. regarding him a

faithful, efficient railroad man. and thr'iugh his many years in that l)usiness liax'e ma])ped ont hv his conduct a course that is not suhject to

anv just criticism. So far as I know no one has any hard words to say of I'.illy Stewart. W'liile not a society man. he has a host nf friends that would never desert him. hut would stand hy him through thick and thin. lie has been successful in railroading and out of it hy honorable and

S(|uarc dealings." .\nnther friend that has known him since 1866 says of him: ".V sociable and c niprmionable man. n])right in all things and alwa\s recognizing his friends, the high and low the s;uiie. .\ faithful and efiicienl railroad official, and has merited the success he has had up to date."

WEST FAMILY.

The West family, of Pennsyhania, which has contributed notable nrunes to the historv of the commonwealth and whose members are now dispersed throughout the I'niteil States, had for its founder John West.

:i natix'e of England, born in 1690. He was a son of Thomas and .\nn

((/iilpin) West, and was of the family of Lord Delaware.

Manv valuable relics are carefully prcser\ed bv members of the frnnih' now living, among them being an ancient clnck br(iught from

England b\- an early ancestor; the West family seal; an engraving of

Benjamin West and his family. Ji hn West, the emigrrmt. being one of the grou]); and a gold medallion jiortrait of Renjamiu West, jiresented OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 665

liy llic ])ainti.'r himself to his iic])he\v, Samuel West, with the injunction

llial it he transiiiilted to sons onl)'. in order to he always associated with

the family name. It is also to he said that the old family homestead at

SlR']ilierd's I'lain. hnilt in 1696, is yet standiiiq; and is in a good state of preservation.

John West I 1). named ahove. emigrated to America in 171 5. and

settled in Chester county, Pennsylvania. He married, aljout 1720, Sarah. horn 2 mi.. 8. 1697, a daughter of Thomas and Margery Pearson.

Thomas Pearson was the conhilential friend of William Penn, with

whom he came in the "Welcome." and it is said it was at his suggestion that the name of l"j}land was changed to Chester.

To John and Sarah (Pearson) West were l;orn four children:

William. .S.tnniel. Mary .and P>enjamin. John West returned to England in iy(>^. and he died at Marlhorough. Oxfordshire, in 177''>. 'ihe romantic story of his jonrne\iiig to his n.ative lanil as an escort to

h.lizahcth .Shewel!. who was to hecome the wife of his son. Benjamin, lias heen re|)eatedl\- ti:ld. hut hy none so interestingly as hv Mr. H. W.

O. Margery, in the following i;arrati\e:

Henj.amin West was horn in Chester. Pennsylvania, in 1738. His grandf.allier had heen an intimate friend of the celel>rated John Hampton, hut suhsef|uentl\- hccame a hriend and threw his lot with the earlv settlers of PennsyKani.a. .\11 his ancestors hetween his grandfather and little Benjamin were sturih-. consistent Ouakers.

How the gift of dr.awing came ti him our knowledge of the laws of Iiereditx' leaves unexplained, hut rare ahility showed itself at a \ery early age, one of the attemjits l.eing the sketch of an infant niece, wiiom, as a hoy. he had Ijeen set to watch in its cradle. The child smiled in its sleep, and the uncle, then hut seven years of age. seized hy an impulse to ]iroducc the charming picture, succeeded with pen and ink in making i;r,r. COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

a likeness that astonished tlic family and determined his future. As the

Ixn-'s genius became more and more evident, it was the desire of his

father and mother to lit him worthily for an artist's professiim. hut tlii-^

involved the (lucstion whether that wmdd he consistent with the prin-

ci])les of the Society of h'riends. and. hefnre deciding-, the counsel of

weightv l-'riends was requested. It is related that John Williamson, a

respected minister, gave his judgment as follows; lie reterred to iliG

hlamcless reputation of the parents, and how their children had been

l)rought up religiously hy them. In this, their youngest son. was a manifest inspiration for art. and though hy the Society its utility might he questioned, it was so evidently in this case a divine gift as to render

it sure there must ha\'e been some wise piu'pose in its bestowal, "so let

us not (he said) in our ignorance attcmin to cross divine counsels, but

see in this e\'ident ]iropensity of the ynung m:in a pointing ol the divine

finger toward some high and beneficent end." .\nd the Friends besought

the Lord "to verify in his life tiie value of the gift which, desj^ite of

their jirepossessions. they had acknowledged." Thus his future was

settled, and the young artist ro?,e stej) by stej). until he became the suc-

cessor of Sir Joshua Reynolds as ]iresident of the P>ritish Royal .\cad-

emv. and intimate friend of the king of England. The king maintained

that Benjamin West's adhesion to the principles of the Quakers was

a recommendation in his favor. The king once remarked in his pres-

ence, as a reproof to a bishop who s]ioke slightingly of the Friends.

"The Quakers are a body of Christians for whom I have a high re-

spect. I love their peaceful tenets and their benevolence one to an-

other, and but for the obligations of birth I wf)uld be a Quaker."

Benjamin West's romantic marriage is an interesting episode in his

eventful life. It can best be given hy copying a letter to the secretary of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. OF THE STATE OP PEXXSVU'AXI.l. iU;7

"EHzabetli Sliewell became acf|uainte(l witli Benjamin West, after-

ward the celebrated artist, and tlic\- fell in lii\e witli each otlier. West.

at tliat time. ;iltlinut,di descended from a good family, was poor and

little known. Stephen Sliewell wished his sister to marry another

suitor, which she refused to do, in consequence of her attachment to

West. The brother oi)jected to West on account of his poverty and obscurity, and he was forbidden to come to the house. Elizaljeth Shewell.

however, continuefl to sec him elsewhere, and they became engaged

to be married. West then determined to go to Europe and prasecute

his studies and profession there, and Elizabeth Shewell promised him

that when he notified her of his ability to maintain her. and of his wish

for her to come to him. she would proceed to join him in any part of

Europe and marry him. Her brother was informed of her meetings

with West and of their engagement. So to prevent any further intercourse between them, he confined her to her chamjjer and kept her under

lock and key until after West's departure for Europe.

"He pursued his studies and profession for some time in various

places on the continent, and finally settled at Ixmdon. where he soon

met with suthcient patronage to justify him in calling on Elizabeth

Shewell to fulfill her promise. He then made arrangements for her

to come in the same vessel that conveyed his re(|uest to lier. and also,

that his father should accoiiqiaiiy her on the voyage. L'pon the receipt

of his message Elizalieth Shewell prepared for her departure, but her

lirdllicr was apprised of her intention and again confined her to her

chamber.

"Her engagement to West was well known in Philadelphia, and

Iter brother's tyrannical treatment of her excited great indignation against

him and strong sympathv for his sister. In this state of tilings the late

Bishop White, who was my guest on his last patriarchal \isit to Easton, G»i8 rO.U/V:.\7)/r.l/ ()/• HISTORY ,l\n GENEALOGY

luld us tliat lie I llien aljoiit ciglitcen \cars nf atjc ) ami Dr. l*"ranklin

(alxiut I'llty-iiine years of as^e) anil I'rancis lic)])k-ins (twenty-nine years of age), when tlie vessel was ready to sail, procured a ro])e lailder. went to the captain. en(;a,<,HMl him to set sail as soon as they 1)rouijht a lady on hoard, took John West to the shi]i. .and went at midnight to Stei)hen

Shewell's house, attached the rope ladder t

Shcwell's chamhcr, ;uid got her safely out .and to the vessel, which sailed

a few minutes after she entered it. I oliser\ed to the Bishop that few- persons who knew him now would believe that he h.id once hecn knight- err.ant. ;md liherated an imjirisoned damsel. He rejilicd th.al her case was a hard one. mid all her friends were indignant at the tre.atment she li;i(l received, that he li;id done right, and. he added with w.irmth. if it were needed, he would do it ag;iin. fur it was evident that (lod intended that they should come together and ni.'in h;id no right tn keep them .asunder. Thcv were in;irried () mo.. 2. ij'i^. and for htt)' years their lives were joined in kind and tender companionshii). neither of them ever returning to this connlrv."

There is one more scene, the closing one. of interest to us. The

Quaker artist was hirnc to his fin.al resting pl.ace in .St. Paul's Cathedral.

Born in circumstances of extremest ])rivacy ruid insignihcance. he is honored with a ])uhlic funeral, accompanied with all the jiom]) and circinnstance the greatest country in the world could supi)ly. The pall is equally home h\' I-lnglish nohles. foreign ambassadors and Royal

.•\cademicians. His sons and grandsons are among the great mourners.

More than sixty carriages, containing the great and noble of this world, closed the s])lendid ])rocession. and the mort.al remains of Renjamin

West lie b\' those of Wren. Opie. B;irry .and Reynr)lds. in .St. Paul's.

There are many direct desccndmits of the great ])aiiiter still living, though none of them hear the name of West. or THE STATE OE PEX.WSVI.l'AXLI. fit;9

William West (2). eldest son of John and Sarah (Pearson) West, was horn in Delaware county. Pennsylvania, in 1724. nnfl rlie

6. 180.S. in his eighty-tourtii year. He learned the trarle of oak cooper in Philadelphia, and continued this husiness until his fortieth vear (in

1765). when he ]Hirchased a tract of land of more than one hundred acres in Upper Darhy township. Delaware county. Farming was an entirely new occupation to liini, luit he i)roved successful and even noted as an agriculturist, many nf his methods being original with himself.

The Board of .\griculture of England, having learned of his ^uperi'ir farm management, elected him to an honorary membership. He was an exeinplary member of the Society of Friends, a good and helpful neighbor, of a cheerful disposition, and he displayed considerable ability in writing verse. Without solicitation upon his part, he was elected to the state legislature. an

West." by James Mease. M. D.. I'ebruary 13. 1810.

\\'illiam West was m.nricd in I7'')7 to Hannah Shaw, his second wife, a (laughter of John and Hannah (Passmore) Shaw. Her father

(lied on the voyage to .\mcrica with his wife and their three daughters.

Hannah. Ann .ind Mary, and his body was committed to the sea. The children of William and Ilann.ih West were Passmore. Samuel. Hannah and Sally.

Samuel West (3). second child and son of William (2), was iKtrn in L'pper Darby, j mo.. 13. 1771. and died on the eighty-second anniversary of bis birth. 2 mo., 13. 1S53. Presumably he learned the miller's trade. .Mxut 179C) or earlier his father ])urcliased for him a farm of A]xml three hundred acres in Chester t(^wnship. naming it

Shepherd's i'lain. :ind upon this the son became a successful farmer l'>70 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY J.\7) GENEALOGY

and slicpl)er(l for the icniaiiulcr of liis life, lie was an active nicnilicr lit tlie Society of I-'riends, and an elder in the local nieetin<::^. lie was a man of exemplary character, an excellent neit;jlil)or and friend, and dispensed a liheral hospitality. lie was married. 5 m(^.. 20. \~')2. in

London Grove Meeting hou.se, to Mary Pnsey, a daug;hter of joslina and Mary (Miller) Pusey; she died 11 nm.. (k iS_^_'. The children of this marriage were Mary, Hannah, W illiam, .\nne, Sarah ,\nn and

Joshua.

Hannah, second child nf Samuel (3) and .Mrn-\ (I'nsey) West, was ])orn in Chester townshiii, Chester conntv, ()clol)er ^^\. 171/). She was married, Oclnlier 6. iSk). to Dr. Rohert Mcndenludl ilustdu. who was horn in Aliingd^m. \'irginia, M;iy \(). 1705, a son of W'illi.'mi and

Elizabeth ( Mcndenhall 1 I luston. When he was ten years of age his

]iarents renrnved tn Tennsyhania and settled in Chester county, where he attended the neighborhood schools. .\t an early age he obtained a position at a druggist's in Philadelphia, and here l)egan reading medicine: he subsequently comi)lcted bis professional studies in a lucdical college, and graduated with his" degree of Doctor of Medicine. In

1812 he was drafted for military service, and was appointed assistant surgeon in the army, altbuugb be was but seventeen years of age. .\fter the close of the war be located in Philadelphia, where he entered u])on a successful career in the practice of bis profession and also as a teacher of luedicine. He became ]irofessor of materia medica in the JefTerson

Medical College of Philadel])bia, and w.is for S' me time dean, in both l)Ositions aiding greatlv in the developmeiU nf the institntinn. lie was also prominent in public affairs, and served as a member of the citv council and in other useful ])ositions. He was a man of the noblest personal character, and was held in unixersal esteem. He continued in the practice of bis ])rofession muil bis death, .\ugust 3. 1864, making or I III: .MATE OP PEWSYIJ-AMA. 671

liis life a Ijenediction upon all who came uiuler his professional rare or within the influence of his genial personality. His widow survived iiini many years, dying in I'Jiiladelphia. Xoveml^cr i8. 1893. at the re- markahle age of ninety-seven years and some days. Dr. and Mrs. Huston

were the parents of seven cliiidren : i. Samuel (deceased), who married Sarah Perot, and to whom were horn nine children, Rohert, Will- iam I'., Mary I'.. Charles, Samuel \\'., Letitia P.. Alfred, James and

Hannah W. 2. Ciiarles (deceased), who was a manufacturer of steel at Coatsville: he married Isaljella P. Lukens, and their seven children were; C. Anna, Clara, .Xhraham Francis, Alice R., Charles L., Mary

W. and Samuel Edward, the last named of whom died in childhocKl.

3. Klizahctii. wliM died May 23. 1887. 4. Mary. 5. Hannah. 6.

William, who married Almira Rogers, and whose nine children were

Annie. Hannali. William, I'nmk. Clinton, .\lmira. .Mhcrt ( died in childhood), Mahei and Charles. 7. Henry, who married Mary Henry, and whose children are Henry W. and Samuel Spencer.

William West (4). third child and eldest son of Samuel (3) and

Mary (Pusey) West, was horn at Sheijherd's Plain. 9 mo., 12, 179S.

He inherited from his father the (xxmpation of a farmer. This was uncongenial, however, and his fondness for tools and .skill in their use led him to give the greater ]iortion of his time to the making of useful articles, although he had not learned any mechanical trade. He was educated in the I'riends hoarding school in Birmingham, Delaware county, and in Burlington, New Jersey. He was a hirthright memher of the Society of Friends, as were his ancestors. His life was quiet and uneventful, lie died _• mo.. 1885. in his eighty-seventh year, in the house in which he was hc.rn. and which was his home throughout his long life. He was married, i mo.. 1836, to his second wife. Martha

Dutton, horn 3 mo.. 7. 181 1. in Upper Chichester. She was the eldest ''72 coMriixnirM or iiisiory .ixn i;eneaia^gy

(lau,i;lilcr of Jonalliaii ami Kailicl llutlnn. ami a tle^ccmlaiU nf that joliii Diitlim wliM caine froin C'liesliirc. iuiLjlaml. and piirchascl live- liniiilix'il acTC's 111' land in Aslun township, in 1682.

Till' chilih-cn (if William (4) and Martha (Dutiiml West, all of whom were Imrn at Shcjihcrd's I'l.'dn. arc: 1. SanuR-l. horn in 18,^''). died in iSiS_^. unmarried. _'. Jonathan Duttoii. horn in 1S3.S. die

5. iv.aehel P.. horn in 1842. (1. Kate I)., horn in i84_'.

William I'lisey West (5) was married in I'hiladelplh.a in 1866 to .Margaret I'idgefMi, and to them were horn Louise C wife of Joseiih

Swoyer ; Helen llrinton. unmarried, and William Ueniamin, married to Gertrude Ihemer.

Ellas H. West (5) was mrn^ried in 1878 to Sarah J. Maddoek.

One child was horn of this marrias^e. l-ldith Maddoek West, at this date

(1903) a student in Swarthniore College. .Mrs. West is a lineal de-

scendant of Henry Maddoek ( i ). who came to .America from Lune

(or Loom) Hall. Cheshire county. England, in 1681. He was a Eriend in religion, a man of ahilitv. and serxxd in the general asscmhlv from

1684 t(j 1686. He and his hrother-in-law . James Kennedy. purch;iscd fifteen hundred acres of land in Siiringfield township. Kennedy soon died. lea\ing his share to Henry's son. Mordecai. who alscj received hy ileed the share of his father, who returned to England.

Mordecai Maddoek (2) came to America in 1701, hringing letters from the Nottingham monthly meeting for himself ami wife, who died

.soon after their arrival. He was active in the estahlishment of a meeting in Chester, and was a speaker therein. Jane .Maddoek. who married George Maris, was either his sister or daughter. Fie married in

the old Concord ( Delaware county ) meeting house. Xmemher 8, 1733.

Dorothy Roman, of Chichester. His son John (3) hought three hun- OF rilli STATU OP PIINNSYTVANIA. <573

(lrt"

I'cnuil ti. his hnitlic'i' janies: this was the tract upon which stood the

house where iJenjaniin West was horn, James (3) and his wife Susan-

nah were the parents of llenr_\-. William, Rehecca, Isaac and jacoh.

William (4) was commissioned captain of a company in the 'I'hird

liattalion, under Colonel C'lleh l)a\is. May u. 1777; he died in 1800.

lie married Isahella C'ahoon, January 3, \j()2. anfl their chihh'en were

Thomas, Jesse. James and William. James (5). with one Mcllvaine. o])erated a sawmill on the creek at l.eipersville. In i

farm on which C'rum l.yiine Station is now located and part of wliich

is still in the jjossession of a <^rcat-i^randson. He died in 1S4.S. in

Cliester, an

who died. lea\in<;' a dau,t;hter .Sarah, lie afterwards married Marv.

sister of his lirst wife, and their children were Mordecai, James, Mary,

Israel, and William. Israel ((>), who is written of in the sketch of

Israel Morton Maddock, in this work, married Margaret McCoy, a

dau,i.;hter of Rohert {2) and Mary ( Deleplaine) McCoy. She wa.s

horn at Carterville. Chester townshii). Jidy 16, 1817. Mcr grandfatiier,

Rohert McCoy, whose wife was Rachel Collett. was a private in Captain

l)a\id Cowpland's com])any (jf Chester county militia in the Revolu-

tionary war, lie was afterwards a lieutenant in the Pennsylvania

nnlili.i, .May 1, l7Sl^ lie was a deacon in the I'.randywinc Baptist

cluncli. Concord township, from 1810 to 18^3. He was hm'ied near

the church when it was enlarged, and the gra\'es of himself and wife

were coveret! hy it, William, great-grandfather of Margaret (McCoy)

Mad

to 17<)4, On the maternal si

riaine. a Huguenot who came from I "ranee to Xew York in i'>57. He 674 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .IXP GIlXE.ll.OCY

marricil a dauylitcr of I'icrre Cresson. and tlicy liccanic the jKircnts of

nine children. A ixirtrait of llie father of Nicholas Ue La I'laine was

owned l)y Mrs. W. 11. 1-ishcr. of Xcw York city, as late as 1882. .\c-

cording to Alden's "American l-Lpitaphs,"' he died in Inance at the age

of one hnndrcd and five years.

Rachel P. W'est (5) was married at Shepherd's I'lain, in 1867,

to James h'arqnharson Leys, horn near Cdasgow. Scotlrmd. 1.2 mo..

-5- ^^}iTi- <* ^''"1 "* \\ illiain and Hannah (Wilson) Le\s. He was engaged in mercantile husiness in Pliiladclphia. He died lo ino.. 1867.

a little less than a year after his marriage.

Janice I'"ar(|uharson Leys, son of James h"ar(|uhars' n and Rachel

P. (West) Leys, and in the maternal line >i\th in descent from John

_• West (i). was horn 1 mo.. 26. 1867. He was edncated in the Friends' schools in Philadelphia, gradnating from the Central sclvol in 1884.

In i8i)0 he received his medical degree from the L^iixersity of Pcnn- syKania. He fnrther jnnsned his ])rofessioiial studies in Gottingen and \'ienna in i8(;o-9i. He afterward served as interne in the Phi.;'.- del])hia hospital, and in the state hospital at Hazleton. Pennsylvania.

In 1893 he was commissioned assistant surgeon in the United States navy. He served throughout the Spanish war as a medical officer on the dyamitc cruiser X'^esuvius. In due course he was jironioted to full surgeon and at this date (1903) is on duty in (juam. Ladrone islands.

He was married in Xcw York city in 1897 to Gwendoleyne Mary Wig- ley, of Spencer House, Basseterre. St. Kitts. British W'est Indies. Of this marriage were born two children: Katharine Mary, horn in Jack- sonville, Florida. 1898. and James l''ar(|uharson Leys, l)orn in Newport,

Rhode Island, in 1901. or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. '".75

JAMES C. WILSON'. M. D.

James C. Wilson. .M. IJ., protessur ut practice <>l medicine and clinical medicine in the Jefferson Medical College, i^ a native of Pliila- delpliia. born Marcli 25. 1847. His father, the late Dr. Ehvcxwl Wil- son, also was a native PennsyKanian, a graduate of Jefferson (1845) and subsequently was one of its trustees. He attained prominence in the ranks of the profession, and through his untiring zeal heli)ed to sustain the reputation of Philadelphia as a medical center. J. C. Wilson acquired his early education in the Friends' Central school and afterward spent sometime at Phillips (Exeter) .\cademy. He then entered Prince- ton and there received his degree of Bachelor i>f .\rt> in 1867. Two years later he took liis degree of Doctor of Medicine at Jefferson, and

was granted his degree of Master of Arts by his alma mater ( i'rinceton) in the same year.

Dr. Wilson .served as resident physician in Will's Eye H;spital and later in the Pennsylvania Ho^-i^ital. In botli of the.se institutions he was brouglit into association with leading medical men. and the experiences he thereby gained iieiped to lay the foundation of his professional skill, .-\fter completing his term in the Pennsylvania Hospital he went abroad and pursued medical studies in \'ienna. In 1873 he returned home and at once entered upon his active professional career,

lie wa^ made ciiief of the medical clinic at Jefferson, and was a well known "quiz master." He soon became assistant to the eminent Pro-"

social fessor J. M. Da Costa, at which time began the professional and intimacy of these two prominent sons of Jefferson. For a time Dr.

Wilson was a lecturer on physical diagnosis, and when the new Jefferson

Hospital was organized he was appointed its attending physician. In

1876 he was elected to the staff of the Philadelphia Hospital, serving :

076 coMriixn/rM or history .\\n Gr.xii.iiJHiV

until iSSi;. wIk-ii Ik- rcsi,L;iifil, In il;r lattcT xcar Ik- ^ltvi'iI im Ihi- staff

1)1 St. .\,t;iK's Iliispital. ami also was appointed to the (iennan 1 lospital in iSijj lie was made pliysician-in-chief to the latter institution.

In iS(^i Dr. Wilson was chosen to fill the chair of ])ractice of medicine and of cliucal medicine at Jefferson, succecHiiij Da Costa, and in 1895 he was lionoix'd with the apiiointnient of pliysician to the I'etm-

syUania i los])ital.

Dr. Wilson is a memher of the leading' medical societies. lie was

])residenl 'if the I'atholooical Society of i'hihulelpliia in i8

Academy of Medicitie. tlie .\nierican C'limatological Society of which he was this year elected president, the .\merican Pediatric Society, the

American Philos-phicrd Society, the hnniklin Institute, the Washing- ton .\cadem\' of Science and \arious other scientilic li(jdies. lie was one of the founders of the .\ssociation of Americrm Physicians and ser\ed as president of this organization in i(;oj. His intimate association with the leaders of medical thought of his time, his earnest ajiprenticeship, co\-ering years of hospital practice, his luitiring energy in seeking the ohscure causes of disease—all these things have fitted him for the man\' positions of honor which have lieeii his and which he has so richly merited.

GENF.R.XL JOHN .\. W'TLF.V.

As a commanding officer of high rank and a veteran both of the

Civil and Spanish-American wars. General Wiley deserves especial men- titin in any work devoted to the representative men uf Pennsylvania. lie

OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. fiTO

has hc-cn coiincctcd with niihlarx' niattcrs. more nr less direcll}'. duriii.cj most itf liis adult life, his service commencing Ajjril. 1861. as a private. and tc'rniiii.itin;,^ in i8<;<) \\ ith a commission as brigadier general. .\t every conjnncturc an

John .\. W ik'\ was born ;it Pittsburg. I'ennsvKania. Septemlier 3.

T(S4^, and consequent!)' had entered his eighteenth vear when the first gun at l-orl Sumter electrified the nation and sounded a call to arms

fnin sea to sea. This fateful event occurred on .\pril 12. t86i. and five days later young Wiley had enrolled his name as a memb.er of

Company C. luglUeenth Regiment. Pennsylvania Reserve X'olunteer

Corps, with which he served until his discharge on the 24tli of May. 1864.

He was made chief clerk in the ((uartcrmaster's department of Camp

Reynolds, which i;osition he lieid from May -'4. i8(')4. to September _3;o.

1865. with head(iuarters at Pittsburg. In July. 1871. he enlisted as a l)rivate in the ( )il City Crays Xalional (liianl T Pennsylvania, was

])romi;ted to orderly sergeant in the following .\ugu.st. and was commissioned as captain in December. 1873. He became cajitain of the

X'enango Gravs in June. 1876; was made colonel of the Sixteenth Regi- ment Peuu.sylvaiiia .Xalional Guards. December 3. 1878. and was re- elected Januarv 30. 1884. In i88() he was promoted to the ranU of brigadier general ar.d re-commissioned January _>_>. i89_>.

b'ebruary 1. 1893. and I'cbruary 1. i8(;8. In May. 1898. he was appointed brigadier general of United States \'oI- O.SM COMPENDIfM or HISTORY AM) GENEALOGY

untecrs and assigned to tlie coiiiniaiid of tlic Third l)i\isii)n. I'irst Corps, with liead(|uarlcrs al ( liickan'aii^a, and was mustered mit in March,

1899. .As one haviiij;' especial (|uahricatinns f(ir the (hity. (ieneral

Wiley was appointed l)y Governor I'atterson to l(jcate tlic pisiti(jn occupied by the I'jf^hth Ivcijimcnt Infantry I'cnns\l\ania Iveserve Volunteer

Corps at the hallle of Antietinn. In i<"^94 (ieneral Wiley was elected mayor (jf the citv of h'rankhn. and serxed his leini with the t^ood judfj;- meiU and self-])oise that always (listiiii^uish him. Another evidence of the conlidence of his administratixe .'d;ilit\' entertained l;y those at Ir me was afforded hy his ajipointmeut as trustee and secretary ot the Institution for the hcehle Minded of Western I'ennsyKrmia.

June 21). 1X64, Cieneral \\'ile\- was united in marria;L;e at McKees- port. I'ennsyhania. with Mary J. 'I'rich. and lhe_\' ha\e an only daughter,

Miss I'dorencc.

JAMES I'.DMIXI) CAKKI-.'ISOX, M. D.

James lulmund Carretson. M. I)., son of Jacolj M. and Mary

Powell (iarrets()n, was horn in Wilmington. Helaware. October 28.

1828, where his early Ixiyhood was passed. I lis thou.i.i;hts turning to a jirofessional life, he renio\-e(l to I'hil.adeljjhia and pursued a course in denti.stry at the Pennsylvania College of Dental .Surgery, froiu which he was graduated in 1857. Desiring also to become a graduate of medicine, he entered the University of Pennsylvania, from which he obtained the degree of Dfictor of Medicine in 1859. For some years after his graduation he practiced dentistry, ami ;it the same time he became more interested in surgery. He gradually became a specialist in the line of oral surgery, and was recognized throughout the United States an accepted authority on diseases of the mouth, jaw. face and associate parts. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 681

He inlii>ilucc(l the use of tlie sui".<;ical entwine, a i)Ian nf operating which lias worked a rc\oliition in tlic metliods of operations upon tiie bony svsteiii. Against (i])p(isiliiin he successfully demonstrated the cure of

(•]iitlu'lird cancer l>y ineruis nf what is professionally known as the "fla]i tiansfer," rui nperalinn now generally in favor anionjj skilled practi-

tiiaiers. 1 )r. (larretson inxented man\- njieratinns which attracted wide- spread attenliiin Imth in this cnnnlr\- and ahmad: and operations witliout resultant scars are results f(ir which much credit is due to him in the surs^ical wcrld. An (i];crati(in desitjncd and ])racticed hy him. and conceded tn he (ine of the hi^h rerniements of surgery, is tlie removal of the inferior ni.axillary nerve, as it lies in its can;il, without disfigur- ing; the face. In :Sfii he was associated with Dr. iX Haves Agnew in the I'liiladeliihia School of Anatomy, and in 187S he was called to the cliaii' of Analoniv .and Oral Sur£;er_\' in the riiiladelphia Dental College,

lie had heen an instructor for a short time some years before in the s.ame institution, hut had resit^ned in order to accept a similar position in the I'hiladelphia ScIkioI of Analoui}-. Again becoming a member of the facultv of the I'hiladelphia iJental College, he was shortly after appointed to the res])onsible position of dean of the college, which position he filled until his cleatii. .\]i.art from his anatomical lectures. Dr. (larretson deh\iicd e\er;.- winter for a number of years a scries of ])hilo- sophical leelures before an association of young people composed for the ino^t ]>.art of the students of the colleges with which he was connected.

rhe\ called llu'mseKes the ( larretsonian Society, the object of which

w.as .a seeking after the deejier truths of living. In 1SS4 he accepted

,1 chair in the Medico t'hinngical College, and later liecame president of the s.amc institution.

The founding of ,1 hosjiital had long been a cherished scheme of liis. and in a verv small way an oral hospital had already been started. (^^'2 COMPEN DI I'M OF fllSTORV A\'D GIlXE.ll.OGY

but seeing an opportunity for a larger work in that direction, he gained

the ccvoperation of his colleagues and a few friends, and tiie Nfedico-

Chirurgical Hospital was founded. Under his ahle leadership, for he

was chosen president < f it. the work grew with surprising rapidity,

and established for itself a firm foundation and an assured position

among institutions of its kind. During all these years of ceaseless ac-

tivity. Dr. Garretson found time. h\ economizing the minutes, to be-

come a successful literary man : his writings, with the exception of pro-

fessional articles and a volume on oral surgery, which later becaiue the accejited text book on that subject, and which had a large sale in Amer- ica, England and throughout the entire ci\i!ized world, arc all of a iibil- osophic nature. In his ])r( fcssion lie was .'.n energetic, bu.sy man. and

in the library an earnest searcher after truth, a dreamy thinker. As a humanitarian and a ])hilosopher he was less widely known than as a

surgeon, and the former phase of his character he would be the last to desire to have made known. His love for Inimanity and his desire to aid was such that he felt the whole world his brother: none were too poor or sinful but they might claim a brother's loving svmpathv and help. Only those, and they are many, to whom his hand had been stretched forth, will ever know how much he was able to do for suffer-

ing mankind; as a physician he healed their Ixidies—as a friend their souls. He was a free thinker in the real meaning of the term, inasmuch as his philosophy was broad enough to embrace the whole world, regardless of creed and belief. There is good in all things and all men.

was one of his fa\orite sayings, and one which will throw a li.ght upon the wa\- in which he looked upon mankind was this Braminical saluta- tation. "To the divinity that is within you I do homage." For those having been reared in a belief their growing intelligence could not alto- gether sanction, he had the most profound pity: it was one of the strong- OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVAS I.\. 683

est feelings of hi>' life tliat they must I)e lielped to a clearer ami fuller meaning of life and living. A belief once destroyed is infinitely harder to cope with than where there was disbelief from the beginning. It was for these peo])lc he labored so long and carnestlv and for whom bis

Ixioks were written, and not for those whose Ix^lief in the goodness

of God were unshaken : they were not in need of his ministrations, but for those who d()ubted the existence of a Tlod did his whole soul go out in pity and a strong desire to hulp them to a knowledge of the

Creator. Coming in touch with so nirniy students in liis professional life as a teacher, he very soon came to see that a sad state of what might l)e termed irreligion existed among tliem. Medical students, as a class, have come to be looked upon as a set of Atheists, but from the very nature of their work in the dissecting room it is jierhaps natural that they should conic to look u]ion life lightly, and. as is trx:) apt to be the case, one idea shaken, they indulge in violent extremes. To give them sf-metbing else—to make them comprehend the utter disassocia- tion of the individualit_\ and its Ixidily enxironments, was bis great object in life, and this he was able to do to a very great extent. Many a life has been made brighter and been brought to a wider knowledge of life and living because of iiis teachings and example.

On November lo. i<'^39. Dr. darretstMi married Miss Beulab Craft, daughter of George and Mary Craft, and their children are: Mary, wife of Frank Davenport CiKik, and I'eulab Graft Garretson, unmarried. Mrs. Cook has one child. I'.dnnuid Garretson Cook. l)orn \o-

\ ember 9, 1885. Dr. Garretson passed on to that other world which his ])hil(isophy told him was only a jnitting off of the old and a taking on of the new life with its wider opportunities and grander possibilities on October 2(i. 1893. lie felt there was no death—only a going to sleep and an awakening amitl a new environment. <^'S4 coMrnxniVM of history asp cf.\f..ii.ocv

THOMAS L. MOXTCOMERV.

Roger (Ic MontgnimMic. nf X. rinandy. accnrding to William, the

Miink .it Jumiegcs. the ancient historian, was "C'i>nnt . in <;i_'. 'i'his wonld ]>lace his hirth ahout the middle of the ninth centm-y. a time when h'rance was rent and lorn hy the ambition of Charlemagne's descendants, each struggling against the (ither for the possession of the great empire their ancestor had left to his children. Roger was succeeded hy his son.

2. Roger de Montgomerie. Count of Montgomerie. the second of the name, whose son,

3. Roger de Montgomerie. Count of Montgomerie. the third of the name, was father of William and Thigh, who were described as "turbident among the turbulent during Duke William's minority."

Of these.

4. William de ^b^ntgomerie. Count of Montgomerie, succeeded his father in his possessions. He is accused by tiie histnrirui Ordericus

Vitalis. as being the murderer of Osberne de Crepon. iligh Steward of Normandy. For this he received speedy vengeance. IJamn de Cdos.

Osberne's steward, surrounded William in his castle and. setting it on tire, tlestroyed iiim and all his accomplices. Willirun's son.

;. Hugh de ^b>ntgomerie. Count of Montgomerie. married Os- liorne's cousin. Jospeline. the daugliter of Tmu'ode, Sire de Pont Aud- emer. whose wife. We\a Duceline de Crepon. was sister of Duchess

Connor, wife of Richard sans Peur. the great-grandmother of William the Conqueror. He was succeeded by his eldest son,

6. Roger de Montgomerie, Count of Montgomerie, and Viscount d'Exmes in Normandy, and subsequently Karl of Shrewsbury, .\rundel, and Chichester, in England, one i>f the most pow'erful and influential OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 685

niii)lcs at William's C(juit. lie is (lcscril)e(l as being "a very pnulent and nv 'derate man, pious, a great loxer ot ef|iiity. aiul of discreet and modest persons. His first wife. Mabel, whom lie married in 1048, was a member of a turbulent family, and. unlike her husband, manifested hatred toward the religious orders. His second wife "made herself remarkable liir her wisdom and piety, and always ui)iicld her husband in loving the monks and defending the helpless."

Roger and his cousin. William I-itzosberne. both encouraged Duke

William in -his attack upon England and accompanied him in his great e.xpedition. The account of the Battle of Hastings. Octolier 14. 1066. shows h(jw the Duke called upon Roger and William to lead in the charge on the same side, and relates an incident of Roger's boldness and skill. An luiglish knight of noble carriage, wielding a northern hatchet, with a blade a full foot long, supported by his company of one hund'ed men, by his impetuous charge struck dismay uixjn the

Xorman ranks, but Roger de Monegomerie came galloping up with his iance set, and heeding not the long-handled axe which the English- man wielded aloft, struck him down and left him stretched ujxin the gmund. Then he cried out, "Frenchmen, strike! the day is ours!"

In the dixisicn of the English territories which William made anujng his fulluwcrs. Roger de Montgomerie was munificently rewarded with the Earldom of Chichester and Arundel, and soon afterwards with that of .Shrewsbury. In his advanced age he entered into hol\- orders, was shorn ;i monk of the .\bbe\' of SS. Peter and I'aul, which he founded, and there died July 27, IC94. V>\ his wife Mabel, daughter and heiress (»f William de Talvas. he had se\eral children. The family espoused the cause of Robert. Duke of Xormandy. as the rightful heir to the English throne, and, Henry being the snccessfid contestant, tliey were deprived of all the English estates. fi86 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY A\'D GP.NEALOGY

J. Aniulpli (le Montgonierie. fiftli son nt Rn

frnni Rnofland, crossed into Ireland in tlie year i loo, where lie married

Lafiacoth. dangliter of Mnrtagh O'Brien. King of Mnnster. The Irish jjecoming suspicious of the Xorinans. resolved to murder them, but

.\rnul]ili discovered the plot and made his escape to Xorniandy. where

he spent the remainder of his life inilil al.oul the year i i i<), when he returned to Ireland and was reconciled to his father-in law, hut on the morrow fell asleep after a hancpiet from which he never awoke. Me had an only son,

8. Philip de Mcjutgomerie. horn ahoiu the year iioi. at Pem- hroke. W'.ales. who while yet a youth came over from Normandy with

the \i:\\\ of Huntingdon, afterward Daxid I of Scotland, on his return from a \isit to the monastery of Tiron. llcre he was called the Welsh- man, or C'ymhricus. an exidence of his birthplace ha\ing been in Wales.

He obtained a fair inheritance in Renfrewshire, and married Lady Mar- garet Dunbar, daughter of Cospatric, second Earl of Dunbar ;uid March.

As the manor and castle of Thorntoun came into the i)ossession of the family at this pericjd. it came iu all ])rol)ability as Lady Margaret's dower. It is situated about three and a half miles from Dunbar, and immediately opposite Innerwick Castle, di\i(led from it only by a ra\ inc.

1 le was succeeded by his son,

9. Robert de Montgonierie, or Mundegunibrie, as it was sometimes written, who in addition to his father's lands of Thornton, ol)- tained from Walter Stewart the estate of luiglesham, forming the parish of that name in Renfrew, being about six miles from east to west and seven miles from north to south. This estate, which was the first of any extent, and for two centuries the chief possession of the Scottish family (jf M(jntgomery, remained their propcrtv undiminished for the or THE STATE OF PEKNSYLVAMA. 687

long: period of seven Inuulrefl years. W'lioni he nnrried is unknown,

hut he was succeeded hy his son.

10. Sir Jolin Montgomerie. who married Helen, one of the

daughters of Rol)ert dc Kent, with wiioni he ohtained a part of the estate of her fatlier.

11. Sir .Man de Montgomerie succeeded his father. Sir John, l.ut. dying hefore 1234, was succeeded hy his son, Rol)crt. who died he fore uAi. without issue.

\2. Sir John dc Montgomerie. of Kaglesliam and of Eastwood,

succeeded liis hrother Rol)ert in 1261, and was douhtless in tlie army

raised hy Alexander III, to meet the Norwegians under their King,

Haco, whom he defeated on tlieir lauding in the Ray of .\yr, at the

famous hattle of Largs, in .\ugust, \2Gt,. .*>ir John died about 121^5,

leaving four sons and a daughter.

13. Sir Joini de Montgomerie of Eaglesham and Eastwood, son of the ahove, was one of the Great Barons of Scotland summoned to a|)])ear at Ikrwick in 1291, and was afterwards, with many of his coun- trymen, it is said, obliged to swear fealty to Edward 1, though his name does not appear on the Ragman's Roll as do those of two of his hrotheis. .\s sotm as Bruce asserted his claim to the Scottish throne.

.Sir Joltn jnined his standard. He married Janet, daughter of John

Erskinc, also one of the l)ar(ins who swore fealty to Edward in 1296, and let' two sons and a daughter.

14. Sir .\lexander dc Montgoiucric, of Eagle.sham and Eastwood, succeeded his father. In the year 1358 he was one of the Ixirons des- patciied to E.ngland to treat fur the release of their captive sovereign.

;nid on the 24th of Octoijer in ih.it year he had letters of permission to pass through E.ngland on his way abroad, accompanied bv a retinue of sixty horse and foot. He married a daughter of William, first Earl 688 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .}.\P GEXEALOCY

15. Sii" John de Mnntgonierie. son of tlie last, married, in i^'^n. l'"lizal)clli. daughter and heiress of Sir llngh Kglinlcm. of I'.glintun. and li\- her oht.ained the large ])osscssions nf tliat family im the death of her father, together with Ardrossan. the heiress of which estate one of her rmcestt'irs had married. Sir John greatly distinguished himself at the I'.attle of Otterlunnc. in August. 13SS. when his eldest son. Hugh, was slain. His second son,

16. Sir John de .Montgomerie. "Dominus F.jusdem. or of that

Ilk." succeeded his father heforc i.^gS. In 140J he formed one of the chiefs of the Scotch arm\ which in\aded England, and was taken prisoner at the disastrous hattle of Malidon Mill. He was not long a caj> tive. however, U^\ two years after he was in Sciitland and intro

17. .\Iexander de Montgomerie, the first Lord Montgomerie, succeeded his f.ather before November 22. 1429. He was distinguished

for his loyalt)' to James I and his successors, and was ;i member of the rri\-\- Council under both. He was also employed in the negotiations of various imjiortant matters with F.ngland. He mariicd M;u- garei, daughter of Sir Thomas Boyd, of Kilmarnock, by whom he had four sons and four daughters. He died prior to October 14. 1465.

18. Alexander de Montgomerie. son of the List, died in 1452. before his father. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Ad.am Hepburn, of Haiies. and bv her left three sons. or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. «8y

\(). Alexander, secciiid Loril Mniitgniiierie. succeeded liis grand-

fatlier in liis estates and liomjrs. He married Catlierine. daiiglitcr of

(jill)crt. first L(.rd Kennedy, and died pri<»r to 1484. His son.

20. Hugli. tliird Lrird .Montgomerie. and subsequently t!ie first

Earl of Eglinton, having Ijeen so created Iiy James I\' in 1508. was under age at tlie time of Iiis father's death, as on Octolier 11, 1484, lie executed a revocation of all grants made during his minority. He was concerned i:i the revolt

He married Lady Helen, daughter rif Colin, first Earl of .\rgyll. by whom he had six sons and eight daughters. He died at an advanced age m Xii\ ember. 1545. arid was succeeded by his grandson, his two elder sons predeceasing him.

21. Sir Xeil Montgomerie. of Lainsiiaw. third son of the first

Ear!, married Margaret, daughter and heiress of Ouintin Mure. Laird of Skeldon. by whom he got the lands of Skeldon. Hollow Chapel.

Laganne. Charlewrack, etc. He also had a charter from Queen Mary of tile lancis of L'retonn (Overton), in the barony of Torlx)lton. given at Liiiiithgow. October 4. 1545. In the month preceding this grant he had sat and acted as procuratory in Parliament for his nephew, the second Earl of Eglinton. and in the year following, on the death of the second Earl, during the minority of his son. he assumed the chief- ship of the clan. The year .succeeding this he lost his life in a fight witli Lord Boyd"s son ami his adherents, in the streets of Irvine. June.

1547-

22. Sir Xeil Montgomerie of Lainshaw. son of the last, succeeded his father and married Jean, daughter and eventually heiress (on the f'.OO COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

(Icalli (if lier hmtlicr janu's. Master ni Lylc in i.^S*")). nl J"lin. fourth

and last Lord Lyle. I'.\ tliis marriage the Lyle estates came into

possession of the Montgomeries. hut tlie title was not assumed hy Sir

Neil. r>y a charter in 153S it a])])('ars that he possessed very considerable pn pcrty. chiefly holding from the Earl of Eglinton. His son,

27,. Sir Xeil Montgomerie of Lainshaw . who as heir-male to the

title and honors of the fifth Earl of l^glinton. who died without issue.

sJiould have succeeded t

l)y a new grant of 161 1 they went to a cousin. Sir Xeal was. however,

the lineal male representative of the family. Ik- married Elizahctli. daughter of John Cuninghame. of .\il

leaving several cbililren. He was succeeded by his son Xeil. be by a sou of the same name, and the lattei' in turn by ;i son John, wlm die

issue.

24. William .Montgomerie. of Brigend. second son of Sir Neil and Elizabeth Cunningbame. married Jean Montgomerie. the heiress of

Brigend. in the year \(i02. She was a daughter of John Montgomerie.

the son and heir of the late James Montgomerie. of Brigend. wliose

relationship to the other Montgomeries has not l)een discovered. Bri-

gend, or Bridgend, as formerly s])elt. is in tlie parish of Maybole. .\yr-

shire. and situated immediatel\ on the banks nf the river Doon, alxiut one-fourth of a mile liclnw and mi tiie opposite side oi Alloway Kirk- yard. It was known as Xether .\uchundraine i)];if)r to the building

(in the year I466'> of the ".\uld Brig of Doon." so celebrated in "'i'am

O'Shanter." William Montgomerie. of Brigend. was living as late as 1652. but died pri(jr to \(>y>. He had four sons. John. William. James and Hugh.

25. John Montgomerie, of Brigend. eldest son of William, mruried

in 1626, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Baxter, of Shrinston. and died OF THE STATE OE PENNSYLVANIA. <5»l

pricir tn xf^J. duriiif,' the life uf Iiis fatlier. leaviiifj two sons, lluf^li aivl

James.

26. Hiigli Moiits;onien'e. of I'riscinl. succeeded liis s;randfatlier

suhscq'.iently to tlic year 163^. and on tlie death of John Montt;;oniery.

of Lainshaw . within two or llu'ee years of tliat date, as his heir male,

became the chief of the faniih'. whicli lionor is now liorne l>y liis de-

scendants.

Jn tlie year i''>5,3 he married K.'itlirninc, second daiigliter of Sir

\\ ilham Scott, of Clerkinj^ton, 1)\' whom he liad two .sons and tliree

daughters. He died May 6, J710, o\cr eigiity years of age, having re-

sided tlie last twelve years of his life in (ilasgow, under the nwif and

on the charity of his younger son James.

27. William A'fontgomcrie. of I'rigend. eldest son of Hugh, mar-

ried January S. 1784, in lulinhurgh, Isabel, daughter of Robert liurnelt,

ol Lclliintie. Aberdeenshire, of the famiK' of Le\s lUirnetts, of which

was (iilbert Hurnett, Bisho]) of Sali.sbur)-. 'Jheir marriage settlement

is in complete preservation and mca.surcs si.\ feet in length. Robert

i'luruelt was extensively concerned in the (Juaker settlement of East

Jersey, and i)ecame one of the pro])rietors of that province, and it aj)-

])ears that his daughter v. cut with him to .\merica. but was sent hack

to complete her education in Scotland, where she m.irried.

At the time of William Montgomerie': marriage his father. Hugh,

appears to lia\e had a considerable estate, some of which he settled on

his son, but linancial re\erses not now understood led then to dispose

of the estate of Brigend in 1A92 to their cousin Jolm Montgomerie,

of Beoch. In 1701-J William cros.sed the ocean with his young family,

;ind settled on Doctor's creek, in Monmouth county, l-'ast Jersey, where

bv dee.l of May _'o. 1706, he purchased five hundred acres of land

from b.is father-in-law, Robert Burnett, of Freehold. Egliiiton, the 01*2 COMPEKDICM (),'' IllSToRY ASP GEMi.lJ.Ou)

name n\ iliis estate, is situated ahuiit two miles from AlieiUnun. In tlieir new lidnie tlic family ai)i)ear lo lia\e nniled with tiie l^'riends and heciime members of the meetintj; at Crofswicks. lUnlin^lon countv.

William was living in ijJi, Imt the date of his death is unknown. Ik- had children; Roliert. Anna. Klizabeth. William. Tames. .Mexander and

Jane.

28. Robert Montaomerie. of Eglinton. was born. ;)robal)l\- at

Brigend. in the \ear iCxSj. and was married at Burlin_aton. h'ehruary

S. 1709-10. to Sarah Stacy, of that place. She is believed to ha\e been the daughter of Henry Stacy, of the hamlet of Spitaliields, ])arish of

Stepney. Middlesex, whose will, dated at that i)lace. March jS. 1684. was admitted to probate m lUirlington county, on March 13. 1702. She died March y. 1743-4. and was bnri('(l ;it Crossw icks. Tier husband made his will August 28, 1762. winch was probated October 1. ijGCi.

They resided at Eglinton and had children. Mary. Elizabeth. William.

Sarah. William 2d. Anna. James and John.

29. James Montgomerie. eldest S(»n of Robert, was lK)rn at h'glinton. I'ebruary 26. 1720. and married May 15. I74^>. Esther Wood, daughter of John and Susan Wood, and granddaughter of William

\VfX)d. of Leicester, who came to .\merica in the "Flie-boat Martha." in the autimtn of 1677. James died in i759-''>o. and was doubtless buried at Crosswicks. He had children. Rebecca. Robert, John. William. Sarah.

James and Joseph.

30. John Montgomery, son of the last, was born at Eglinton.

July 7. 1750. Before be was twenty years of age he parted with his

.share of his grandfather's estate and removed to Philadelphia, where he and his brother William subse(|t;entl\ united themselves together in mercantile pusuits. In the Revolutionary war he took part in military matters and was a member of the First City Troop of Cavalry from 1777 or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. "03

to 17^7. liut the hardships of a soldier's life iindcrniincd his he;dth and eventually ended his life. March 16. 1794. when he left heliind him the reputatKin of ijreat intetfrity as a merchant.

He married. Xcivemlier ,^. 17S5. Mary, daughter of Jonathan Cra- thorne. nf I'hiladelphi a. fnmierly uf the We.st Indies, and by birth an

linglisiiman. who married. .Vugust 1^). 1 7O0. Mary Keen, descended from Joran K\n or Keen, an early Swedish .settler on the Delaware.

Mrs. Montg< mery was horn .Vugust 4. I7'')3. and died October 15.

1848. She had three children, .\nstin. James and John Crathome.

31. John C. Montgomer)'. the youngest son. was born in Phiia- delpiiia. Xo\enil:er 1. 17' '2. where he resided many years. ha\ing also li\ed some years on his estate f Kglinton. on the Xortli river, and after 1855 in Xew ^'ork rit\'. lie married. Xoxember 23. 1817. Eliza- beth Henrietta, only daughter of Henry Philips, of Pliiladelphia. She died July 11. i8;o. If-.iving a I'Tge family. Her husband marrietl secondly. Caroline, only daughter of Xehemiali Rogers, of Xew York,

November ly. 1835. By his first wife he had children. John P.. Henry

E.. Oswald Crathome. .\ustin James. James E.. Charles H )war

jamin Chew . Hardman Philips and Mary Crathome.

32. Oswald C. Montgomery, born August 24. 1822. married October

3. 1849. Catharine Certruile. daugiuer of deorge W. Lynch, of Xew

^'ork. and resided in Philadel])hia. Issue:

Charles Howard, horn July 16. 1830.

George Lynch, b ,rn October 28. 1831: died I'ebruary 22. 1852.

Henry Eglinton. born December 23. 1832. died Eebruary 10. 1877.

Mary Ann. b rn April 1. 1834: died May 30. 1837.

^T,. Thomas Lynch, born March 4. 1862. 694 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

CHRISTOPHER MAGEE.

Hon. Christopher Magee. LL. D., one of llie most prominent lawyers and jurists of Pittslnirg, Pennsylvania, lias a most interesting history, not (jnly so far as his honorable personal career is concerned. Init on account of his family connections. He is of Sc(jtch-lrish descent.

His grandfather, Robert Magee. was Ixjrn in county Derry. Ireland, in

1737, and came with his wife and seven children to .\mcrica in 1788. The family settled at Pittsburg, and many of the descendants still make that their home. Robert's son Christopher was the seventli child, and was but two 3-ears old when the emigration was made. He married

Tane Watson, who was born in Pittsburg in 1796, and it is through her that Mr. Magee gets his Scotch blood. Her parents were Alexander

Thomson and Elizabeth Edmundston, who, in July, 1771. with twelve children, embarked on the ship Friendship in the harbor of Greenock,

Scotland, and arrived in Boston in the following September, whence they ])rocceded to Franklin county, Pennsylvania, settling on a ]ilace which was called "Corkerhill." Alexander Thoms(jn was the ancestor of Frank Thomson, the late president of the Pennsylvania Railroad.

Christopher Magee has blood relationshi]) also with many prominent men. Matthew J. Magee, of the Pittsburg bar. and afterw-ards in the

United States army, was an uncle: another uncle was Robert Watson, a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania in 1820. Other relatives, near or remote, include Colonel Samuel \\'. Black, at one time governor of Nebraska: W. W. Thomson, who prepared the Pittsburg Digest: Rev.

Samuel B. Wylie. D. 1)., of the University of Pennsylvania: Rev. John

Black, D. D., a professor in the Western University of Pennsylvania:

Hon. C. L. ^lagee, the well known Pennsjdvania politician; Hon. Thomas 7UcL-

OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 697

A. TTfiulricks, late vice-president nf tlie United States: and Ilnn. Samuel

A. I'urviance.

Cliristophcr Magee was horn in Pittsburg. Pennsylvania, in 1829.

He was sent In the Western University i)f l'ennsyl\ania and received in 184S. tile degree nt i'>acliel

Pennsylvania and received the A. 11. degree there in 1849. and the .\. M.

/;; cursit. With the profession of law already decided upon as his life work, he began his studies prejjar.'itory thereto in the offices of William

H. Reed and Alexander McKinley at Pliila

December w;is ndmitteil to the Philadelphia bar, .\ little later he was admitted to practice at the bar of the supreme court, and on April

II, i8s_^. on motion of Colonel Samuel W. lUack, at the bar of Alle- gheny county, PeniisyKania.

He then returned to Pittsburg and entered upon the jiractice which has since lieen so successful, and which he has continued to the present time. l-"or several years he was associated with Henry .\. Davis under the name of Alagec and Davis. .\ large clientele, individual and corporate, claimed the service of Mr. Magee in cases before the local Mid higher courts, and he still enjoys this ])atronage. In 1836 Judge Magee. who has always been a Democrat, was elected to the Pennsylvania legislature. In 1859 he was elected to the city council of Pittsburg. October

7. 1885. Governor Pattison appointed him judge of the court of common pleas Xo. 2. ;md in November, 1886, he was elected for the full term of ten years from January, 1887. While on the Ix-'uch he was one of the O'JS COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

must popular judges, and main lliuusaiuls of ci\il and criminal cases came before him, and he gained an excellent record for expedition and impartiality.

Judge Magee was a candidate for mayor of Pittsburg twice, and was twice a candidate for juflge of the or|)hans' court of Allegheny county.

In I1S95 be was his jjarty's nominee for judge of the superior court of PennsyKania, and was once a jiresidential elector. Besides these instances of his interest in public life. Judge Magee has been associated

with a number of institutions of charitable and social nature. Ik- i'- a corjjorator of the Shadyside .\cademy. the Hos])ital for Children and the .\llegheny cemetery: and is a member of the .\cadcniy of .\rts ami

Sciences, the chamber of commerce of Pittsburg, the University Club of rhiladelphia, the Delta Phi Club of Xew \'ork, the Pennsylvania

Forestry Association and other organizations. On January 12. 1S59.

Judge Magee was married t ' Elizabeth Louise, daughter of Rev. John

Xiel McLeod, D. D., of Xew "S'ork city. They have six children: John

Xicl McLeod. Margaret McLeod, Christopher, jr.. Xorman McLetxl, jane Watson and Walter Pollock Magee.

JOHN CHALMERS D.\ COSTA, ^L D.

John Chalmers Da Costa. M. D., professor nf principles of surgery and clinical surgery in the Jefferson Medical College, is a native of

Philadelphia, born in 1863, and is descended from an old family of that city, his father, George T. Da Costa. ha\ing been well kn»)wn as a literateur and bibliophile. His grandfather was for years engaged in the East India shipping trade, and also was one of the founders and the first president of the Camden and Atlantic Railroad,

Professor Da Costa was educated in the Friends" Central school OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 699

and the L'liiversity of Pennsylvania, graduating from the latter as

an analytical chemist, in iRSj. after which he l)egan a medical course

at Jefiferson, his [ireceptor being his uncle. Dr. John C. Da Costa. He

was graduated from the Medical College in iS88 and so';n afterward a successful caixlidate in a C(im|)etitivc examinatinn fur the position of

resident physician .at the Philadelphia 1 lospit.nl. Here he remained

thirteen months and then was ;i])|)()inted assistant physician to tlie in-

sane de])artment of the Imspital. During this time he prepared several

jiajiers on insanity.

In 1887 Dr. Da C^sta became one of Dr. Chapin's assistants in

the Pennsyhania PTos])ital for the Insane. Later in the same year lie

hcg.'ui ])ri\atc practice and wiis made assistant

at Jefferson, being one of the clinical assistants of the younger Gross.

Since that time he has been actively identified with college and hospital

work, and bis successive advance in th;it department may be mentioned

as follows: Assistant demonstrator of surgery, demonstratnr of sur-

gery, chief of surgical clinic and assistant surgeon to the hospital,

clinical professor of surgery ( 1896) and j)rofessor of ])rinciiiles of

surgery ( 1900). He is also surgeon to the ])ension fun

de!])bia fire department.

Some of Dr. Da Costa's contributions to the literature of the pro-

fession mav be noted about as fnllows: In cullaboratinn with Dr.

Frederick Packard on "Kea.ting's Medical Dictionary"; articles on Meth-

ods of Dissection in "Xancrede's .\natomy"; article on b'pilepsy an

Tetanus in Hare's ".\merican System of riierai)eutics"' : articles on

Diseases of the Testicle, etc.. in Keating's "Cyclopedia of Children's

Diseases": a "Manual of Mdern Surgery" (three editions): editor of

"Zuckerkanal's 0])erative Surgery" : address on Surgery before the

Pennsvlvania State Medical Society, in 1898: address on the fiftieth 700 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

anniversary of the Philadelpliia C(,iinty Medical Society in 1899: the

Blood Alterations of Ether Anestliesia, in 1895: various articles on

compound fractures of the skull, amputation of the hip jiMut, sarcoma of-

tonsil; trephining of skull, surgery of insanity, together with addresses

on other medical and surgical suhjects, and re\ie\v of the li\es, char-

acter and history of notable jihysicians and surgeons and institutions of

the profession. He is a member of the I'hiladelphia County Medical

Society, the Pathological Society of Philadelphia, a fellow of the Col-

lege of Physicians of Philadelphia, the Philadcl]>hi:i Academy of Sur-

gery, the American Medical Association, the American Surgical Asso-

ciation, and an honorary fellow of the Society of Surgery of Bucharest. Roumania.

GEORGE MILBRY GOULD, M. D.

George Milbry Gould, M. I")., w'as l)orn in Auburn, Androscoggin

county, Maine. Xovember 8, 1848, son of George Thomas and Eliza

Ann (La])ham) Gould. His .American ancestor was Robert Gould,

who came from .Somersetshire, luigland, and settled in Hull, Massa-

chusetts, about the year \()T,t,. Dr. Gould has collected genealogical

data of al)out 1000 of Robert's descendants, some of whom still live in

Hull. His mother died when he was two years old, and he accoin-

panied his father to Ohio, where he acquired an elementary education

in the public schools of .\thens. When only twelve years old he ac-

companied the Si.xty-third Regiment Ohio Volunteers to the front as a

drummerboy. .\ year and a half later he was discharged for disability, and in 1865 he again enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty-first

Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until mustered out at

the close of the war. Resuming at a later date the pursuit of his educa- OF TJIR STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 701 ti'iii. he was gra(!ualcil fioni llie Ohio U'csleyan University in 1873 with the (IcL^rce nf A. i!., fcilhiw in^- wliiclt lie was a student at the riaiATiiil l)i\iiiity Sclicml for tlirce years. lie also spent two years sludyiny; in h'iu-ii])C'. ilis medical studies were pursued at the Jefferson

Medical Cdllege of rhiladel])hia. t'mni which he was graduated with the de.t;i'ee nf M. 1). in 1SS8. In ,\])ril of that year he began the practice of his profession at 119 South Seventeenth street; he now resides

at !'),; I Locust street.

Since cnterin,!:;' professional life Dr. f'lould has made a six?cialty of diseases of the eyes, to the study of which he de\-oted his principal attention while in college, and as an oculist he has acquired a wirlc reputation, hroni iS()j to iS;j4 he was oplithalniologist at the Philadelphia

Hos])ital. .\s a writer ir,) ir mcdicd to])ics and in other fields of literature he has niadc excellent use of his facile jicn. h'rom 1891 to 1895 he was editor of the "Medical News," and from 1898 to 1900 was editor of the "l'hilri

Medicine" from its foundation in 1900 to the jjresent time. Aside from his fre(pient contributions to \arious serials, he is author of tiie following works: ".\ (juiz Com])end of Diseases of the Eye," 1888; in

collaboration with Dr. W . L. I'yle. "A ComiJend of Diseases of the Eye and Refraction," 1897: "A New Medical Dictionary," 1890; "Twelve

Thousand Medical Words Pronounced and Defined," 1892; "Thirty

Thous;ind Medic;.] Words Pronounced and Defined," 1899: "The Mean- ing and the Method of Life." 1893; ".\n Illu.strated Dictionary of

Medicine, P.iology. etc.," 1894 (fifth edition, 1900); "The Students'

Medical Dictionary." tenth edition, 1896: "Borderland Studies," 1896;

"The Anom.alies and Curiosities of Me

\\ . I.. Pyle. 189(1; ".Xniericau Year Book of Medicine and Surgery,"

1896 to M)04; ".\n .\utunin .dinger," a \olume of poems, 1896; "Sug- —

7(12 COMPENDIUM Of HISTORY AND GENEALOGY gestions to Medical Writers," 1900; "A Cycloijedia of Practical Medi- cine a. id Surgery." igoo: "Biographic Clinics." 1903. His medical dictitmaries ha\'e attained great ]>(i]>ularity. nmre than one hundix'd ;nid sixty thousand copies having heen sold.

Dr. (lould was president of the .\mcrican Academy of Medicine for the vears 1893 and 1S94. and is a member of the University and

.\rts C'luh of I'hiladelijhia. a fellow of the College of Physicians of l'hiladcl])hia. a member of the American Ophthalmological Society and

\arious other medical societies.

15.\V.\R1) TAYLOR.

iiayard Taylor, one of the most prolific and pleasing of American authors, was a native of Chester county. Pennsylvania, liorn at Kcnnett

S(|u;irc. January j;. 1S23. lie studied under Jonathan Cause, at L'uion- ville. and learned the art of ]'rinting in the office of the "\'illage Record."

;it West Chester, making his beginning at the age of seventeen. In

1844. v.hen nineteen years old. he published "Ximena. and Other

Poems." In the same \ear be sailed for Europe, with his savings of a little more than one hundred tlollars. but baxing a congenial mission that of writing his experiences in travel for the "New York Tribune."

"Saturday Evening Post," and another journal. Tie spent two years in travel in Great Britain and upon the continent, and that he was well adapted for a tra\elcr is e\idenced b}- the fact that bis entire expendi- tures did not exceed the sum of $5cx). His newspaper contributions were received with so much favor tliat he was induced to tell of bis pedestrian tour in a \olume publislied in 1846, "Views .\foot, or. Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff." which had a wide popularity. He published a neus].aper at Phocnix\ille for a short time, but in 1847 accepted OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. r03

an iinitatimi fnni lie race Clreelc}' to attach liimself to the editorial staff iif the "Xcw \'u\\< Tribune." When the gold fever was at its height he journcved to California, acting as correspondent of "The

Trihune." and in 1850 he made his experiences the basis for "Eldorado, or Adventures in tiie Path nf Kmpirc." a volume which had a phenomenal sale for the times, the sales being ten thousand in the United States and thirty thousand in Great Britain within a fortnight after its appearance.

Somewhat of a dreamer. Tavlor deemed himself native to the east.

and m 1831 made a lour of the Xile regions, and he stored his memory with traditions and incidents which afforded the basis of much of his

\erse. In 1X52 lie made a voyage from lingland to Calcutta, and thence to China, whore he joined. Commodore Perry's expedition to Japan,

.and tr.im ilicsc travels he drew material from — which he wrote several \(ilumc'^ ".\ Journey to Central Africa." "The Land of the Saracens," and "A Visit to India, China and Japan." Returning home in 1854, he entered ujjon .-i very successful c.ireer as a public lecturer, delivering addres.^es in the priiKi])al cities from Xew York to Wisconsin. After 704 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lic'in.i; tlius (Kcupicd for two years, lie visited nortliern Europe, witli

tiie |)rincip,-il ])ur])()se of studyinsj Swcdisli !ife, language and literature,

and (iut of this trip grew his long narrati\e poem. "Lars." and his volume

of "Xorthern Travel."

In 1857 Mr. Taylor married Maria ll.ansen. daughter of a (icrman

astronnmcr. .\fter traveling fi>r a time in (Ircece. and ;iftcrwards in

America u])()n the Pacific slope, Mr. Taxlor (in 18^)2) entered the diplo-

matic service in the capacity of secretary of legation at St. I'etershurg.

and in the following year hccime charge d'affairs at the Russian capital.

In 1864 he returned to the I'nited States, .and for ten \ears devoted

himself industriously to literary pursuits. It was during this period thai

he prixluced his fnur no\els. of which one jxissessed a deep interest in

his native county of Chester—"The Story of Kennett," founded upon

the di lings, real and mythical, of James h'itzpatrick, a noted desperado

of the Revolutionary ]ieriod. It is to be said in all truth that Mr.

Taylpr was not endowed with those qualities which make a reallv mastcrK

novelist, and his literary fame mu.st rest principally ui)on his volumes

of travel and his poetry. lie visited Iceland in 1874, to take part in the

centennial celebration held that year. In June. 1S78, he was appointed

L'nited States minister to (ierni.iny. and died in Rerlin, Deceml)er 17,

shortlv after his arrival there.

RICHARD WETHERILL.

But few jiersons in the L'nited States can claim family association

with a i)articul.".r locality to the like extent ;is that which is presented

in the instance of Richard W'ctherill. In the ninth generation he is a

descendant of Joran Kyn (George Keen), ti) whom the Swedish crown,

in 1644, patented the territnry upnn which the culonird part of the pres-

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 707

cnt city of Chester is situated, and wliose liistory lias its Ijeginning in

that grant to Ricliard Wetberill's ancestor, the handsome guardsman

to Governor Printz. In tlie same degree he is a lineal descendant from

Christopher Taylor, who two centuries and a half ago suffered in the cause of freedom of speech and religious toleration in the mother coun-

try. A man of letters and refinement, who, before Penn's coming,

sought that !il)erty of act and tliought tliat were denied to him in the

country of his birth ; a man whom Proud, the historian, terms "one of

;" llie first and principal settlers in tlic i)rovince under William Penn

who served as a nienil)er of the first legislative assembly in the colony,

and was a member of Penn's first council, the advisory Ixidy to the

proprietary in governmental affairs. Christopher Taylor owned and

resided at Tinicum Island, now Tinicum township. Delaware county.

In the eighth generation he is descended from James Sandelands. a

cadet of the proud Scottish tamily of Sandelands. It was in his house

wlicre the first assembly convened at Chester, in 1682. (See note fol-

lowing this sketch.) His many personal acts are interwoven and enter

into the story of English colonization on the Delaware, or South river.

In the sixth generation he traces descent from Anthony Sharp, of Dub-

lin, a man of large means, who has made a lasting impression upon the

annals of his adopted city, for he was of English birth, and who, as

one of the owners fif West Xcw Jersey, enters largely into the colonial

history of that commonwealth in whose early settlement he played no

inconsiderable part.

In the maternal line he traces descent from the West family of

Long Crendon, Buckingham.'-hire, England, to which the title Lord

De la Ware appertains, and is a scion of the Delanys of Bally Fine,

Queen's county. Ireland. His great-grandfather. Dr. William Delany,

served in the Revolutionary army for .seven years, while his great-great- 708 CUMFENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGy

uncle. Colonel Sharp Dclany. wlio took part in that struggle, was a

])ersonal tricnd of \Vashingt()n. and a constant associate of "Mad An- thony" Wayne, who made Colonel Delany one of the executors of his will. In the I'rice line he comes from a sturdy Welsh race who settled in wliat is now Delaware county two centuries ago. His great-grandfather. Jnim I'rice. was a soldier in the Pennsylvania Continental Line, whose health yielded to the severe privations to which he was suliject in his sexcral years of active military life, and whose deadi in 17S3 was the result of liis devotion to the cause of American independence. His great-grandfather. Richard Wcilicriil. horn in 17SS. at Rich Hill, county

.\rmagli. was the child of English parents who had removed from \'ork- shire to Ireland. That Richard Wctherill. hardly heyond his majority,

in iSio cniharkcd in the nianufaelure of woolen fahrics in Concord township. Delaware county, when the industrial development of the section was in its infancy. For two and a half centuries Richard Weth- erill, the suhject of this .sketch, and his ancestors, have heen ])rominently

identified with the count v of ndawarc, which has l>een the theatre of his active business career.

Richard Wetherill. the third son of Roliert and Phoebe Ann (De-

lany) Wetherill. was born in Lower Merion township, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, September 28, 1850. His father at that time owned and operated the three Wetherill woolen mills, at Manayunk,

which, prior to the disa.strous pariic. were among the first successful

woolen manufacturing enterprises in the commonwealth. The l)oy attended the pulilic schools in Plnladelphia. but on the death of his father

in the late summer of 1861 the mother removed with her family to

Delaware county, and Kirhrird Wetherill became a student ;it the Ches-

ter Academy. At an eaj-ly age be became a junior clerk in a drug store,

but subsequently secured a clerical position with the Philadelphia. Wil- or Tllli STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. ron

mingUm & I5a!tiin()re Railway Company, and part of the time while in that em])Ii>yiiienf he was stationed at Wilmington. Delaware. So

ment of the duties devoKing upon the jiartners. to Richard W'ellieriil fell the management of the financial affairs of the firm. This distrilnition of responsibilities in the conduct of the business of the firm of Roliert

until Wetherill iK: Company culinin.'iled in the most satisfactory results, from small beginning-^ and tiie command of meagre capital the works under such direction have become one of the leading industries in the

United States, whose product has been distributed in e\ery state and 710 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

territory in this cuuntry, and tuund sales in Canada, Culia. Mexico and in far-away China.

Richard Wetherill was (jne of tlic organizers (jf tlic Cliester Na-

ti(jnal Bank, and was chosen -i nieiu1)er of its first lx)ard uf (Urectors, a position to which he lias since l)een annually re-elected. He is a director of the Chester Street Railway Company of Chester, was treasurer and vice-president of the Standard Steel Casting Company, and was presi- deHt of the Chester Gas Company until the Philadelphia Suburban Gas

Company secured ownership i^l that plant. He is a memlier of the board of trustees of the Pennsylvania Military College, and director in several of the successful textile industries of Chester. He and his brother Robert are interested in a number of electric railways and industrial enterprises in other localities, all of which arc dividend-paying investments. The residences of Richard and Robert Wetherill are among the finest private dwellings in this section of the state.

On December 3. 1878. Richard Wetherill married F.lla Larkin, youngest daughter of the late Hon. John Larkin. the first mayor of

Chester, and one of the men to whom that city owes its great growth and development. Mrs. Wetiierill. as in the case of her husband, traces descent from many of the early settlers of this part of Pennsylvania, who were active in their day and generation. Through several of these

Mrs. Wetherill has entered the Society of Colonial Dames of America.

To this marriage were born two sons and two daughters.

Note.—The Sandelands house was described as follows in a paper

read by Mr. H. G. Ashmead l^efore the Delaware County Historical So-

ciety, at Media, September 26. 1901 :

" In the early part of the eighteenth century on the west side of Edgniont avenue below Third street, in the city of Chester, could be seen the foundations of an old building, which, in the period associated with Pcnn. was known as James Sandeland's double house. It was the most imposing building in Upland, and therein Penn convened the first general assembly that ever sat in the province of Pennsylvania. OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 711

The house had liccii htiih with mortar made of oyster shell lime, wliicli proved so utterly worthless, probably because of defective buruing. that iu the course of twenty odd years the structure showed such signs of decay that it became untenantable, fell into ruins, and gradually the materials used in its construction were removed. Shortly after 1800, even the foundations were buried in the accumulation of soil that has taken place during a century. In time its very existence was forgotten, hence tradition for many years gave credit to the Friends' old meeting house which stood on the adjoining lot as the place where the first assembly met. "On July 14. 1893, while excavations were being made for the cellars of a row of commission stores, the foundations of Sandeland's» double house were unearthed. An accurate survey of them was made by Walter Wood, assistant city engineer, giving the precise size of the old structure and the distance from the intersection of Third and Edgmont streets. William B. Broomall, Esq.. had Mr. Nymctz take a photograph of the unearthed walls for which act he will receive the thanks of coming generations. "In this double house in its pristine glory James Sandeland kept tavern, for the pretentious word hotel had not then found its way into the English language."

ALEXANDER JOHNSTON CASSATT.

Alexander Julinstoii Cassatt, prominent in railrtiad affair.s, and wliM m lint.iins a splendid estate at Berwvn. PennsyKania. is a native

• if the state, Ixirn in I'ittslniro, December 8, 1839. a son of Robert

S, Cass.'itt. The elder Cassatt was for a numlier of years closely identified with the financial and industrial interests of western Pennsylvania, and was first mavor of Allcsfhenv City,

Alexander J. Cassatt received his primary education in the public scho

fore attaining his majorit}'. With an excellent knowledge of engineer-

ing, anil a predisposition for railway aflfairs, he was occupied for two years after his graduation with a surveying corps in the location of a

route in Georgia, In 1861 he l)ecame connected with the engineering

department of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in the capacity of

roadman. In 1864, after the Pennsylvania had absorbed the Phila- 712 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

delpliia & I'-iie Railroad. Mr. Cassatt was at Keiiovo. as superintendent

of tlie Warren & I'"rankliii Railroad, antl with duties as resident engineer

of tlie middie di\ision. in April. iS66. he was transferred to Williams-

port, as suijerintendent (if motive power and machinery of the Phila-

delphia & Krie Railroad. In 1S67 he was ajjijointed to a similar position

on the I'einisyhania Railroad, with his offices at .\ltoona. .\])ril 1.

1870, he succeeded Dr. Edward H. Willianis as general sui)erintendent

of the Pennsylvania Radroad. L'])on the leasing of the L'nited Rail-

roads of Xcw Jersey, in Decemhcr. 1.S71. Mr. Cassatt was made general

manager, being the first incumbent of that office. September j?o. 1882. he resigned in or

Continental Railroad to connect Xorth. Central and South America received the approval of the International .\merican Conference, Mr.

Cassatt was appointed bv President Harrison one of the three commissioners on the part of the L'nited States, and he was chosen president of the commission.

Mr. Cassatt makes his home and legal residence in Lcnver IMerion township, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, and has ever Ixnne a full share in promoting the interests of the neighlwrhood, and he has, through unmterrupted elections, served in the ])osition of supervisor since 1S81. Xear Berwyn, Chester county, he maintains his famous OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 713

Chesteil)r(X)k Farm of seven liundred acres, devoted to the maintenance of his man) splendid carriage and saddle horses, for which have been provided buildings almost palatial in their appointments.

JAMES \V. HOLLAND, A. B.. A. M.. M. D,

James W. Holland. A. B., A. M.. M. D.. Professor of Medical

Chemistry and Toxicology and Dean of the Facidty of the Jefferson

Medical College, was Ixjvn in Nashville, Tennessee, April 24, 1849, the son of Dr. Robert C. Holland, who moved to Louisville. Kentucky. at the time of the cholera epidemic in 1852. He was graduated a

Bachelor of Arts from tiie University of Louisville in 1865, and received iiis Master degree tliree years later. Having attended two courses of lectures in the L^niversity, he completed his studies in the JefYerson

Medical College of Philadelphia, graduating as Doctor of Medicine in

1868.

Returning to his home in Louisville. Dr. Holland began the practice of medicine in partnership with his father, and connected himself at once with the teaching corps of the University at Louisville, in the capacity of assistant demonstrator of anatomy. In 1872 he was elected professor of medical chemistry and clinical neurology, and as vacancies occurred in other chairs of that institution he successively occupied those of materia medica, clinical medicine and eventually that of practice of medicine and clinical medicine.

While residing in Louisville he was a memljer of the Louisville

College of Physicians and Surgeons, of the Louisville Medical and Chi-

rurgical Society, president of the Kentucky State Medical Society, and a member of the .\merican Medical .\ssociation. In 1878 he was appointed a member of the Kentucky State Board of Health. During this 714 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

period of active professicMial work liis literary work was confined to contributicjus lo medical periodicals. In 1880 lie was sole editor of the

Louisville "Medical X^ews." His ni(jre recent works as a medical writer comprise "'Ilie Diet for the Sick." a "Lahoratory Manual of

Clinical Chemistry," the chapter on the I'rine in the American Text- lxK)k of Practical Medicine, and an exhaustive chapter on Inors^anic

Poisons in Peterson and Haines "Leyal Medicine and Toxicology," all of which attracted favorable attention from the profession.

Since 1885 Dr. Holland has resided in Philadelphia, as professor of medical chemistry and toxicology in his alma niatcr, the Jefferson

Medical College, and since 1887 he has been Dean of the Faculty, and it may be said without fear of contradiction that during his incumbency of that ofifice the institution has prospered as never before in its history, and the po])ularity and rank which it has attained among the larger medical colleges of the country has been largely due to the untiring efiforts in its behalf and his practical business methods in the management of its afifairs. Pic is a fellow of the College of Physicians of

Philadelphia, a member of the American Philosophical Society, and has served as president of the .Association of .American Medical Colleges.

HON. WILLIAM POTTER.

Hon. William Potter, i^resident of the Board of Trustees of Jef- ferson Medical College, was born in Philadelphia. April 17. 1852. is a son of the late Thomas Potter, an eminent citizen of Philadelphia, and of the late Adaline Coleman Potter, whose grandfather, Geu.

Jacob Bower, of Reading, Pennsylvania, and great-grandfather, Colonel

Joseph Wood, of Philadelphia, served as officers in the Continental Line OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 715 during the entire Revolution. General Bovver being an original member of Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati.

Mr. Potter was educated in private schools in Philadelphia and matriculated at the University of Pennsylvania (member of the class

of 1874) : but, owing to the serious illness of his father, he was obliged

to leave before being graduated, and finished his university studies in

Europe and with private tutors. On his return to America he began

the study of the science of law.

Although desirous of being admitted to the bar. Mr. Potter liecame

a partner in lii.s father s large manufactory corporation, and continued

therein for eighteen years, until 1892. when he was appointed by Presi-

dent Harrison to the Italian mission.

While vice-president of tlic incorporated company and retaining

an active and controlling interest in the great enterprise founded by his

father in 1S35. Mr. Potter has from his youth l^een earnest in public

affairs in what might be called the higher regions of politics. Always a

Republican and l)elieving tiie prosperity of the country to be insepar-

able from Republican supremacy. Mr. Potter has never ceased to lalx)r

for the purification of political methods. \Mtli this intent he was a

member of the Committee of One Hundred and a member of its Execu-

tive Committee. He remained an active participant in that commend-

able movement until the committee departed from the essential princi-

ple of its organization by a refusal to endorse reputable Republican

nominations. During the several political campaigns which have matured

since the manhood of Mr. Potter he has taken part as a Republican

leader not only in the practical work of organization, but as a ready and

forceful speaker.

The necessilv of better postal intercourse between nations was

among the duties which devolved uix>n the administration of 71G COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

President Ilarrisim. Mr. Potter was appointed special commissioner to visit London, Paris and Berlin in beiialf of the

State Department and tiie Postmaster General and negotiate a system of sea post-offices. The success of these negotiations led to his a])])ointment as delegate to the fourth congress of the Universal Postal Union, held in Vienna in 1891. Mr. Potter and his colleague were given |)leni- potentiary power, under wliicii tiiey arranged and signed for their government a new treaty. This instrument, which went into effect Octoljer

I, 1892, was among tlie nmst ini])i)rtant achie\enients of Mr. Harrison's administration.

Mr. Potter retired from business in 1892 and is now a member of the Phiiadelpiiia liar.

In consideration of his well-knuwn interest in educational matters

Mr. Potter was elected a member of the Board of Trustees of Jefferson

College in the year 1895. and on the resignation of Joseph B. Tovvnsend,

Esq., LL. D., was unanimously chosen its president.

ROBERT JENKINS, Sr.

Everywhere in our broad land are to be found men who have worked their own way from lowly and humble Ijeginnings to places of leadership in commerce, the great productive industries and the management of the \eins and arteries of traffic and exchanges of the country.

It is one of the glories of our nation that this is so. It should be the strongest incentive and encouragement to the youth of the country that such possibilities exist. Prominent, and in some senses exceptional, among the self-made and representative men of the old Keystone state of the Union is the subject of this sketch—a man honored, respected and esteemed wherever known, and most of all where he is best known. f

•^*

/Ic^-^ ^/./tr,.^

71 OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 'J

He came from a fdreigii land to America as a young man, being de- pendent ujjon iiis (j\vn res(nirces for a liveliliood, and he .'ittained. during the Inng years of a significantly active and useful Inisniess career, a iint.ihle aiKJ definite success, finally retiring to enjoy the fruits of his protracted toil and endeavor. It is a "far cry" from being a humble toiler in the cual mines to being one of the principals in industrial enterprises of broad scope ;uid importance, and yet this typifies the worthy career of Mr. Jenkins, who is specially worthy of representation in a coniiirchcnsivc work of this nature. He has ever been broad in his mentalit\- and in his human sympathies, and whatever he has accomplished in life has nut been gained by methods that infringed in the slightest jiartieular on the rights of others.

Robert Jenkins is of Scotch-Irish lineage, and is himself a native of the fair Rmerald Isle, having been torn in county Tyrone, Ireland,

(in the 14th of .\ugust, 1827, the son of hVank and Elizabeth ( Williams)

Icnkins. Of the three children born to Mr. and Mrs. Frank Jenkins two arc vet living, Robert, and I'Llinor, who is the wife of Roliert Burt, of Winona, Minnesota. The father was a Protestant in his religious views, as were his parents, .uid was a stanch follower of the teachings of jcjhn Wesley, the founder of the Methodist Episcopal church. When he was a child of two years the Roman Catholic element in Ireland was in a state of re\olt, show ing marked animosity against those of the Pro- testant faith, and to esca])e irate papists on one occasion his mother took him in her arms ;uid hid in a cornfield, thus saving his and her own life, one of his brothers ha\ing been killed during the riot. He became one id the pioneers of the Methodist church in Ireland, that fair land whose annals ha\e been m.irked by nuich of wrong and oppression in divers ways. I-'rank Jenkins passed his entire life in the Emerald Isle, his death occurring when bis son Roliert was a lad. and iiis devoted wife 720 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

soon afterward following;- liiiii tn "tliat undiscovered country from whose

bourne uo traveler returns."

Robert was tlien placed in charge of family friends in Scotland,

where he was reared and educated and where he continued to make his

home until 1848. when, at the age of twenty-one years, he emigrated to

America, believing that here were to be found better opportunities for

])ers()nal accomplishment and advancement. He was accompanied by

his young bride, ami they courageously faced the stern problem which

confronted them as strangers in a strange land. He came to this

country with one hundred pounds sterling that he had saved from his

earnings in the mines of the old country. A party of neighljors ac-

companied him, and it was his original intention to go further west, but

one of these neighlxirs borrowed two hundred dollars of Mr. Jenkins,

and shortly sickened and died, without being able to repay this loaned

money. He secured employment in the coal mines of Westmoreland

county, Pennsylvania, and was thus employed until 1852, when he

gave inception to his singularly active and successful business career

and gave e\^iderice of that self-reliant spirit which has ever animated

him, by engaging in the coal business in the city of Pittsburg.

Energetic, indomitable in his perseverance, endowed with marked

business sagacity and judgment, his rise was rapid. He was one of

the early members of the Youghiogheny Coal Company, whose opera-

tions eventually became of wide scope and importance, and he owned the first tow-lx)at on the Youghiogheny ri\cr, this lieing long antecedent

to the advent of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. With this important

enterprise Mr. Jenkins continued to be actively identified for a long term

of years, accumulating a competence through his well directed efforts and being also identified with other capitalistic and industrial interests of

important nature. He l)ecame a prominent factor in the industrial and OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. T21

commercial circles of western Pennsylvania, owning a large plant, in-

cli'cliiig a sawnnll and ntlitr appurtenances. He was also tlie inventor

of the clnitc for loading coal that is used on all cr>al mines at the

present day. .Mr. Jenkins retired from active business in iqcxj. leaving

the active management of his interests in competent hands, and he is

now passing the gulden evening (jf his days in that dignified repose which

is the fitting cmwn nf a life uf earnest and indefatigable application.

Ever maintaining a jniblic-spirited attitude and ever true to the

duties of citizenshii). Mr. Jenkins has never sought the honors of public

office, realizin<; that his business interests called for his undivided time

"and attentiun, but he has been a stanch and loyal supporter of the princi-

ples and i)()licies of the Republican party from the time of attaining the

right of franchise in his adopttd country. He recognizes no particular

creed in religiims belief, but ha'' the deepest reverence for spiritual verities

and has aimed to nrder his life in harmony with the (iolden Rule, and

the high esteem in which he is held by all who know him indicates that

he has been successful in this regard, even as he has in his business life.

Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic Order, of which he liecame

a member when twenty years of age, being then initiated as an entered

apprentice in St. John Lodge No. no, F. & .\. AI., at Holytown, in the

county of Lanark. Scotland, wliere he was at the time employed in the

cii.ii mines.

In the town of .\irdric. Scotland, on the 2nd of April, 1847, ^'^'•

Jenkins was united in marriage to Miss Jane Ab^irton, daughter of

Thomas Morton, who was from the original Wallace stock, as Wallace

had no direct descendants. Of this union were born four sons and six

daughters, of whom one son and four of the daughters are living at leading the present time, namely : Robert, Jr.. who is one of Pittsburg's

business men, and the practical successor of his father; Marion G. Jen- 722 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

kins; Elizabeth, wife of Rev. H. L. McMurray, pastor of tlic Lvitlieran

cliurch in Ligonier. rciinsylvania : Mary, wife of W. H. H-iigus. of

Connellsvillc, Pennsylvania, and Jennie Morton Jenkins, of Pittsburg.

JONATHAN E. WOODBRIDGE.

W'iiile Rev. Timnthy Woodbridge. D. D., in liis "Autobiography

of a Blind Preacher," states that a genealogist of distinguished reputa-

tion has asserted that the family is descended from the great Earl of

Warwick, "the King Maker," the hero of Bulwer's "Last of the Barons,"

the New England family hnds as its first representative the Rev. John

Woodbridge, of Stanton, Wiltshire, England, whose wife was a

daughter of Rev. Roljert Parker.

Their son, John W^oodbridge, born at Stanton, 1613, when he attained manhood in 1634. emigrated to the colonies, locating at New- bury. Massachusetts, and in 1638 married Mercy Dudley, daughter of

Thomas and Dorothy Dudley, the father having served three terms as governor and a like number of terms as deputy governor of the colony.

John Woodbridge entered Harvard University, and graduated there-

from with honors. For a number of years he was a justice of the peace, and elected repeatedly first magistrate of the colony. He died in March,

1695. To John and Mercy (Dudley) Woodbridge, among other children, was born John Woodbridge. the third, and to John (3) was born a son John (4). and to the latter (John 4) was Ixjrn a son, Jahleel Wood- bridge.

Hon. Jahleel Woodbridge graduated from Princeton College, New

Jersey, in 1761, located at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, where he became a man of position, serving in both houses of the legislature, was a captain in the Revolutionary struggle, an associate judge, and after- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 723 ward president judge of the court of common pleas, and for many years lield tlie office of judge of probate for tlie county of Berkshire.'

While a student at Princeton he liecame enamored with Lucy Edwards, daugliter of Dr. Jonatlian Edwards, president of Princeton College, who was tlicn a young lady in her twenty-fifth year. She was born

August 31. 1736, and died in OctoI)cr. 1786. Tliey were married in

June, 1764. The eldest son of tiiat marriage was Jonathan Wood- bridge.

Jonatlian \\'oodbridge was Ixirn at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, in

1766, and married Sarah Meacli. He was a man of affairs in his native place, and was brigadier general of tiic militia of the state. He died in

1808. His son. Rev. George Woodbridge, was born in Worthington,

Massachusetts, in 1804. his father dying wiien his son was an infant of only four years. When about sixteen, George Woodbridge was admitted to tlie United States Military Academy at West Point, and graduated therefrom the sixth in the fourteenth class sent forth from that institutifin July i, i8j2. lie was brcvetted second lieutenant in the b'irst .\rtiiler\-; ]u\\ 1, iBjA, he was commissioned second lieutenant.

Third .\rtillcry: resigned from the service June 30. 1S28.- He studied theology, received holy orders, and was rector of Monumental church, at Riclimond, Virginia, for forty-five years. Rev. Dr. Woodbridge was one of the trustees of William ;ui

'Edward Bellamy, in his novel, "The Dnke of Stockbridge," describes the two- story red house of Squire Jahleel Woodbridge (the great-grandfather of J. Edwards Woodbridge, of Cliestcr, Pennsylvania), and g'^'i''' bim prominence in the story, as he also does to Timothy Edwards, Aaron Burr, Justice Elijah Dwight and other historical characters, whose lines of ancestry arc those nf J. Edwards Woodbridge. William Woodbridge, the second governor of Michigan, runs in the main the same incostrnl descent. 'See Heitman's " Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army," Vol. I. p. 1056. 724 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Virginia Bihle Society. Tlie degree of Doctor of Divinity was con-

ferred upon liini l)y William and Mary College. Rev. George Wood-

bridge (lied I'^ebniary 14. 1S78. He married Rebecca Nicolson, and

aninng the children born to that union was Jonathan Edwards Wood- bridge, of Chester, Pennsxhania.

The Dudley line is one that extends 1)ack into the Saxon j>eriod of English history. The family is said to trace descent from King

Athelstan. the grandson of .\lfred the dreal, who was also known

as "Dudo," hence Dudley Castle, built b_\- him early in the ninth centur\-. the oldest ruins in Great Ib'itain, was so called because located

at Dudo's lea or leigh. which finally assumed the name Dudlcv, and

became the surname of the branch of his descendants to whom that

estate belonged. The title is the Earldom of Leicester. It was Rol>ert

Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who entertained Queen Elizabeth at Keuil- worth, as related by Sir Walter Scott in his famous novel of that name.

Captain Roger Dudley, a Huguenot adherent, was slain in France in an engagement antedating the battle of Ivry seven years. His son

Thomas Dudley was born in Northamptonshire, in 1576. The latter and his wife Dorothy Dudley, were passengers on the ship ".Arbella," landing at Salem, Massachusetts, June 12, 1630. He settled at Newtown, afterwards known as Cambridge. T'rom him Oliver Wendell Holmes is descended. Governor Dudley's daughter Ann married Governor Simon

Bradstreet, and she holds place in our literature as the first American poetess. Mercy, another daughter, became the wife of' John Wood- bridge, as already stated. Governor Thomas Dudley died July 31,

1654, aged seventy-seven years.

The Edwards family is of Welsh origin. The first of the name known in that line is the Rev. Richard Edwards, D. D., of London, whose widow, Ann, married James Coles, and with her husband, ac- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 726

companied hy William Edwarils. tlien a young man. her son by her

first husijand, emigrated to the colonies, settling in Hartford, Con-

necticut, in 1645. ^^ illiarn Edwards married, in 1645, Agnes Spencer.

But one child was born to the marriage, Richard Edwards, whose birth occurred in May. 1647. He was a merchant in Hartford. Their son

Richard was t\\ice married, first to Elizabeth, daughter of William and Elizabeth Tuttle. of New Ha\cn. and (second) to Mary Talcott, of Hartford. Richard Edwards died April 20, 1718, in his seventy- first year. Among the children born to the first marriage was Timothy

Edwards, who married Esther Stoddard, of Northampton, Massa- chusetts, November 6. 1694. He graduated at Harvard in 1691, Ije- canie a clergyman, settled at East Windsor, Connecticut, in 1694, and

continued in one pastorate for over sixty years. He died January 27.

1758, aged eighty-nine years, and his wife on January 19, 1770, aged

ninety-eight years. To that marriage were horn ten daughters and one

son, the latter being Jonathan Edwards, who Dr. Chalmers, Sir James

Mackintosh and Dugal Stewart unite in declaring the most eminent

metaphvsician America has ever produced, a rank that is still accorded him.

Jonathan Edwards was born October 5, 1703, at East W^indsor,

Connecticut. He began the study of Latin when a child of six years.

He graduated at Yale College in 1720. and before he was twentv vears old he was assistant pastor of a Presbyterian, church at Northampton.

Massachusetts, of which his grandfather. Rev. Mr. Stoddard, was in charge. He subsequently was pastor, but gave the congregation offense,

for which he was dismissed. He then became a missionary among the

Stockbridge Indians, and while so employed prepared his treatise on

"The Freedom of tlie Will." which Mackintosh asserts is the greatest

metaplusical work in any language. Mr. Edwards married. Julv 28, 726 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

1727, Sarah Pierrepont, of New Ilavcn. .He was inaiij^urated lliinl president ot Princeton College. Xew Jersey. Fehruary iC). 173K, ami died fmni smallpox, March 22 of the same year. His fourth (lau.q;hter.

Lucy, married Jahleel Woodhridc^e. as before stated.

!•".. \\'iiiidl)ridt;"e is lu tiie Stodd.'ird line J. descended fmin Autliouy

Stdddaul. who came from the west of F.nt^land. locating in I'oston. He had fotu" wives, the first being Mary Downing, a sister of Sir George

Downing. To that marriage was Ix^rn in i('>43 a son. Rev. Solomon

Stoddard, who. succeeding to the church of which Mr. Mathers had been pastor, married lus predecessor's widow. Esther Mathers, the daughter of Rev. John \\ arham. To that marriage was l)orn Esther

Stoddard, who in 1694 became the wife of Timothy T'.dwards. and mother of the distinguished Jonathan Edwards.

Mrs. Rebecca \\'<^^dhridge. mother of Jonathan Edwards Wood- bridge, was a daughtor of .Xndrew Xicolson. of fvichmond. X'irginia, owner of the Clover Hills Coal I^its in Chesterfield county, Virginia, whose wife, Judith Diggs. was the granddaughter of Dudley Diggs, of Bellcfield, a member of the house of burgesses, and who held m;my l)laccs of trust and honor in coU^nial Virginia. Dudley Diggs was a grandson of Edward Diggs. (See genealogical sketch accompanying this.)

Jonathan Edwards Woodbridge. son of Rev. George and Rebecca

(Nicolson) Woodbridge; was born in Richmond, Virginia, January

16, 1844, and when seventeen, in 1861, entered as a cadet the Virginia

Military Institute at Lexington, from which he graduated in the class of 1865. While in attendance there, the cadets were called to the field by President Davis, to repel the advance of General Sigel u]) the valley of the Shenandoah, and were ordered to join the column commanded by General John C. Breckenridge. .\t the battle of Xew Market, young OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 727

Woodbridge, wlio was sergeant major f)f tlie Battalion of Cadets of the

Virginia Military Institnte, cxliil)iteil conspicuous gallantry.' The cadets, who fought with tlie utmost bravery, capturing a Union battery in a splendid dasli in whicli they lost heavily, were complimented by General Breckenridge, wliilc the \eteran soldiers of the South cheered "the baljy boys." as the battalion had been termed when it first reported for dutv in actual war. Tlie cadets served during the remainder of that struggle, taking |)art in sexeral engagements, and were the last troops withdrawn from the fortifications below Richmond wiic;i that city was e\acuated by the Confederate forces, Sunday night,

April 2, 1865. During the entire campaign Mr. Woodbridge was in acti\ e service and took part in every battle in whicii the battalion was engaged. ,\fter graduation Mr. Woodbridge removed to Chester,

Pciinsvlvania. wliere he entered the drafting department of the shipbuilding yards of Raney, Son & .\rchibald, and continued in the same employment after the plant was purchased by the late John Roach, when it obtained world-wide reputation as the Delaware River Iron

Shipbuilding and Engine Works, in all covering twenty years. In 1885

Mr. W'oodbridge entered the U. S. government service in civil capacity and was employed at the noted Cramp shii)building establishment in

Philadelphia. For nearly forty years he has been employed as a naval architect and mechanical engineer, during wiiich time he lias been engaged in the construction of many of the largest and finest vessels in the American merchant marine, as well as most of the great fighting

ships of the United States navy .

'John S. Wise gave this account of the incident : ".M-ten-tion-n-n ! BaUalion started. the forward ! Guide center-r-r ! shouted Shipp. and up the slope we From left of the line. Sergeant Major Woodbridge ran out and posted himself forty paces in advance of the colors as directing guide, as if it had been upon the drill grounds. That boy would have remained— there, had not Shipp ordered him back to his post, for this was no dress parade." " The End of an Era," p. 298. 728 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

May, 1876, Mr. WdDdldid^o married Louise, only daughter of

John Oflenheimcr Desliong, an innuential and wealtliy citizen of Chester.

'I'he |)ri\ale residence of Mr. W'oodhridge is hy many i>ers()ns regarded

as tlie best specimen of modern liouse architecture in tlie city.

THE DIGGS LINE. Edward Diggs, a descendant of one of tlie

most ancient and distinguished families of English gentry, and son of

Sir Dudley Diggs, of Chilliani. Kent. I\Laster of the Rolls, was bred

to tlie lyar, l)eing admitted to Gray's Inn on May 19, 1637, and came

to Virginia in or before i'')54. and Novcml)er 22 of that year was chosen a member of the Council, the House of Burgesses declaring that he had "given signal testimon\' of liis fidelity to this Colony and the Commonwealth of England." On March 30, 1655, he was elected governor, and served until March 13. \Gz,^, when he was sent to Eng-

land as one of the agents of the colony. In a letter to Cromwell the assembly praised him for tlie "moderation, jirudence and justice with which he had conducted the government." The restoration did not afifect his position, for he remained a member of the council until his death. Tn 1664 he was again one of the agents of Virginia in England, and in 1670, wlien a vacancy occurred he w-as appointed auditor general, the reversion of whicli he had been long before granted. He was active in promoting the pro.sperity of the colony, and was especially interested in tlie silk culture. "im])ortiiig two Armenians who were skilled in the Inisiness." He lived at Bellefield, York county, where his tomb remains. He married Elizabeth Page. Colonel John Page in his will names his sister Elizabeth Diggs.

The eldest son William, after lieing a member of the Virginia

House of Burgesses, removed to Maryland and l)€came a prominent member of tiie council of tliat colony, while a younger son, Dudley

Diggs (^1663-1710) inlierited Bellefield, and was appointed a member O/' TUB STATE 01- PENNSYLVANIA. 729

of the council in iCx^S. and amliiur and surveyor-general in 1705. By his wife, Susanna, dani^iitcr nf Cuidncl WiUiani Cole, of "Bolthorpe,"

Warwick county, he had c. son, Cole Diggs, of "Bellefield" (died 1744). who was apixjinted to the Council ni I/K;. and became president of that hody.

His son, Dudley Diggs, of \'ork county and W'illianislnirg, was one of the leadinj^ men during the Revolutionary period in Virginia.

He was a memher of the House of Burgesses from York county from

'75,3 to 1772. continuoi:sly : menihcr of the conventions of 1775 and

1776; of the committees of safety and corresjiondence ; and elected to

the hrst state council, a memher of which he remained 'hiring the war.

lie married Martha .\rn:stead, and was the father of Martha, horn

August 10, 1757. will-) married Captain Nathaniel Burwcll.

Dudley Diggs married twice: his second wife was Judith W'orndey, of Rosegill. Judith Diggs. daughter of Dudley Diggs and Judith

W'ormley, married Andrew Xicolson. The tiiird daughter of .\ndrew

Xicolson and Judith (W'ormley) Xicolson was Rebecca Nicolson,

who mcUM'ied the Rev. George W'oodhridgc, the i)arents of Jonathan

Edwards Woodbridge, of Chester. Pennsylvimia, their fourth child.

WILLIAM HALL HODGSON.

Wilh.im Hall Hodgson, of West Chester, Pennsylvania, is a native

of the state, born in Doylestown, Bucks county, October 15, 1830.

Llis father, John Hodgson, came from Lugland to America when

five years of age, with his father, William, and mother, Ann, a Imjthcr,

Francis, and sisters, Sarali, Ann, Mary and Jane. In this country three

more children were born to them: Benjamin, William and Esther,

John Hodgson, father of the family, learned the printing trade in 730 COMPENDIUM ()! UISI'ORV AND GENEALOGY

tlie (jftice ol the Vilktgc Record, in West Chester, and soon after went to Doylestown, Bucks county, where he worked as a compositor on Ihc Intelligencer of tliat i)lacc.

There he was married to Elizabetli Hall, and after a time located in Norristown, Pennsylvania, and purchased the Ilcralil, which he publi.shed for a few years, then selling it and removing to Philadelphia to engage in mercantile pursuits, and there it was that his wife died.

She was the mother of five children, namely: W^illiam (the subject),

Elizabeth, .\nnie. Charles and John: of these all are now deceased excepting William and Elizabeth, the latter being the wife of J. Atwood

Pyle, ex-postmaster of West Grove. Pennsylvania. .\11 of the sons, like their father, learned the printing trade, and it is worthy of mention that all nf the three children deceased died from accidental causes.

In 1R42 John Hodgson, the father of the family named, returned to

West Chester and established The Jeffersoiiiaii. a Democratic weekly which is still in existence, the property of the son W'illiam. Mr. Hodg- son remained owner of this paper until he disposed of it to his sons,

William and Charles, he continuing in the capacity of its editor up to

1865. when his son William became its sole proprietor.

In 1857 John Hodgson was elected a Democratic member of the

Penn.sylvania legislature, at which time the two political parties were so evenly balanced in strength as to recjuire the change of only a few votes to win victory. He died in 1S77, '" Chester, Pennsylvania, shortly after establishing the Tiiites. which is now a prosperous paper of that city.

William H. Hodgson, eldest .«on of John Hodgson, became apprenticed to the tra

As an artist in tlie "art j)-. escrvativc." Mr. Hodgson has always I)een reganlcil 1)\ nicnil)ers of the craft as well as the general puhiic. a master. Because of his clean and intelligent work and the excellent taste displayed by him in jol) printing and in the "make up" of his newspaper, he has won the distinction of liringing into these lines examples which iiave been of \alue to his fellows, as well as a means of education to all who have been brought in contact with the results of his ijainstaking efforts. In 1872. on November 19, the \\'est Chester

Daily Local Ncics was started by him as publisher, with W. W.

Thomson as editor, and these names have Ijeen uninterruptedly at the head of the paper up to this time, a period of nearly thirty-two years.

In this connection it is not out of place to mention that the business manager, ail of the reoortorial corps, the foreman, pressman and several others in the various departments of the paper, have been in their re- sijective iwsitions from twenty to twenty-eight years, thus proving that such ties of association could not ha\e existed but for a mutual respect and satisfaction felt alike by employer and employes.

The Nei>.'s has won a place in the afifections and esteem of t!ie people of Chester county and in many places beyond the county line, because of its newsy features, its fairness to all parties and sects, and its correct manner of serving its clientage, which is the largest of any of the inland dailies in Pennsylvania. Its equipment in the way of presses, typesetting machines and other features necessary to the publication is not surpassed in any borough in the United States, and its general success is a marvel to newspaper makers throughout the country.

This enviable pusitimi it has won ui^n its merits: by a strict attention to business, and an unfaltering determination to make it a paper for the people, a fireside necessity, and a welcome daily visitor to the homes of an enlightened public.

43 732 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Mr. Wiiliain H. Htxlgson was married three times. His first wife

was .\!;ce Clayton, who ched in about two years without issue. Sarali

Rich, youngest daughter of .\ntIiony and Maria i\icli, of Buckingliam

townsliip, Bucks county, was the second wife. She died in August.

1865. leaving no children. Tiie thud and jircsent wife was Mrs. W'il-

helmina Pierson, nee Dennison. of Philadelphia, their marriage taking

l)lace in that city in 1872. One child was horn to them, a son, Walter

Dennison Hodgson, who is married and residing in West Chester.

Mr. Hodgson has continuously resided in West Chester for nearly

seventy years, excepting a few months in 1857, which he spent in the

west on a business prospecting tour. Tn 1901 he, with his son, made

a three months' tour of Eurojjc, and previously visited Bermuda on a

pleasure trip. He is a Democrat in politics, and a Presbyterian in re-

ligious faith. .\t this time he is a memljer of the board of trustees

of the First Presbyterian church of West Chester, a member of the

Order of bVee and Accepted Masons, of the Odd Fellows. Patrons of

Husbandry, and the West Chester (social) Club.

THOMAS M. JENKINS.

There may lie found in almost all .\merican conmiunities quiet.

retiring men. who never ask public ofifice or appear prominently in con-

nection with public affairs, yet who nevertheless exert a widely felt inlluence in the community in which they live, helping to construct or solidify the foundation upon w hich the social ad political superstructure is built.

Such a man was the honored subject of these memoirs, whose life history contains no startling chapter, but is pregnant with that interest and incentive that attaches to the record of every man who faithfully per- forms his duty to his country, his fellow man and himself. Mr. Jenkins ^^.

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 735

was a man of distinct individuality, and Iiis life, cut short in its very prime, has been one of signal usefulness and honor, while in the city of Pittsburg he was esteemed for his sterling wortli and was known as a capable and upright business man. That a tribute to his memory, as one of the representative citizens of his native state, should be incorporated in tiiis compilation is assuredly most consonant, though such was his intrinsic modesty that fulsome encomium or extravagant statement should find no place in this brief biography.

Thomas M. Jenkins was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsyl- vania on the loth day of May, 1857. and his death occurred on the i8th day of July. 1899. at his home in Pittsburg. He was the fifth in order of birth of the cliildren of Robert and Jane (Morton) Jenkins, the former of whom was long conspicuously identified with the commercial life of

Pittsburg.

Some years prior to the retirement of the senior Jenkins he estab-

lished his sons, Frank and Thomas M., in the coal mining business:

Frank died in 1876, and Thomas M. and his brother Robert, Jr., tofjk

the business under the firm name of T. M. Jenkins Company, and upon

the death of Thomas the business was carried on by his brother. Robert.

Jr., until a few years ago, when he sold out to the combine and embarked

in control of another line of business.

Thomas M. Jenkins received his early education in the public

schools of Westmoreland county, and later was matriculated in the

Western University in this city, where he ttwk a course in civil engineer-

ing and left ihc university at the age of sixteen.

In his political allegiance he was stanchly arrayed in support of the

principles antl policies of the Republican party, but was essentially de-

voted to his home and his business, and the activities of political strife

and competition had no allurements for him, so that he never desired 736 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY ASD GENEALOGY

public office or any order and withheld hinistlt from active [jarticipation in political affairs. His religious faith was of the most sincere and insistent nature, and dominated his life in all its relations, lie was a consistent and valued member f>f the Hazelwood Presbyterian church, with which his widow still continues to be prominently identifieil. lie was well and favorably known iii th.e Inisiness circles of the state as an able, conscientious and ])rogressive citizen, and his friends were in number as his acquaintances, since his character and his course of action were ever such as to command unequivocal confidence and esteem as emanating

fr( mi those with whom he came in contact in either business or social relations. His death removed from the business circles of Pittsburg a valued member, and his loss was deeply felt by thnse with whom he had been associated and with whom his firm had business connections under his regime. He was a member of the directorate of the Duquesne National

Bank, and his brother Robert is now filling his place as a member of the board. He was exceptionally popular in both business and social circles, being genial and kindly at all times, and ever showing that refined courtesy which indicated a noble and appreciative nature. His domestic relations were of ideal order, and in the sacred precincts of his home he found his greatest solace and pleasure. In a memorial of this sort, it is hardly consistent to attem])t the lifting of liie veil in order to disclose the Ijeauties which pervaded his home life, where the strength and nobility of the man showed in their higest degree, but to those wdio were nearest and dearest to him and to whom was accorded his constant and self- denying devotion, his memory will ever rest as the grateful benediction that "follows after prayer."

In Connellsville, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, on the ist of Sep- tember, 1887, ^Ir. Jenkins was united in marriage to Miss Nevada Butter- more, daughter of Smith Buttermore, one of the prominent and influ- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 737

cntial citizens of that place, and the originator of the Connellsville Hos- pital. Of this union were born three daughters, Marion, Louise and

Margaret, who. with their mother, survive the honored husband and father.

In the last letter which he wrote to liis brother Robert shortly prior to his death, he spoke as follows: "In another package are some keep- sakes which I entrust to your care and keeping for our dear little daughters wiicn tlicy arc okl enougli to appreciate them." and in other letters written while the shadow of death hung above his head was expressed the great Ii)\c :nid de\'otion which he always manifested fur his family and which .showed the gentle and noble nature which endeared the man to all who came within tlic immediate sphere of iiis influence, fur "Tlie bravest are the tenderest. the loving are the daring." Such men do not

pass unmiticcd frum the field of life's activities, and their influence re-

mains cumulative through the jwssing years to an extent not superficially

evident, the angle of beneficence ever widening and growing.

HON. JOHN M. BROOMALL.

Hon. John M. Broomall, deceased, was during a long and active

career one of the most able and conspicuously useful men of his day.

A distingtiished member of the Pennsylvania bar, his career as a lawyer

covered the phenomenal period of more than a half-century. For

nearly the same jicriod he was a prominent political leader, first in the

Whig party, and. after its dissolution, in the Republican party, which

he aided in founding. His activities were not confined to those fields

in which he won for himself a nation-wide fame, but extended to local

affairs, and he was a prime factt^r in promoting the interests of his

home community along commercial, educational and other lines. 738 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AXP GENEALOGY

Mr. llromall was of [•".nq^Hsh Quaker flcsccnt. and tlie family frcini wliicli lie spransj was ])laiitc(l in I'ennsylvania in the early colonial days of William j'enn. His in'.mis^ranl ancestor. John riroomall (i), came abnnt i()S_' or 1684. and ulilained land in what is now luist Bradford.

Chester connty. and in the old county records of 1710 his name appears as a land holder in West Chester. He subsequently settled in Nether l^rovidencc, Delaware county. He died 6 mo., 23. 1729. and his will dated. 4 mo.. 29. 1729; and jirosed 8 mo., 21, 1729, makes his wife Mary executor of his estate, and names his children—John, Lydia, Ellen, Mary and Jane.

i Inirn jirior to John (2), only son of John liroomall ( ), was 1700, and was the first of the famih' horn in America. He ilicd at his farm in East Howclls\-ille. in 1730, from injuries received in falling from a load of hay. He married 8 mo.. 12. 1720, Anne Lewis, who was horn in rhiladeli)hia. Their children were Daniel and David.

Daniel (3), son of John (2) and Anne (Lewis) Rroomall. was horn in 1728. and died 4 mo.. 2, 1817, at the advanced age of eighty- nine years. He was owner of a large farm in Chester Creek, in Thorn- bury townshi]). which was until a recent date in the ownership of his grandsons Abraham and Daniel. He married, in 1731. Martha, who died 5 mo., 3, 1812, daughter of Joseph and Hannah Talbot, and great- great-granddaughter of George and .Mice Maris, of Springfield townshi]), Delaware county. They were the parents of the following named children; 1. Hannah, married John Smith; 2. John; 3. Daniel, mar-

ried Sarah W'orrall ; 4. Nehemiah. married Mary Robinson; 5. Isaac,

C). married Lydia Neal ; James, married Hannah Dutton ; 7. Jacob,

married PlKxbe Broomall ; 8. Rachel, married Caleb Tcm])le; 9. David;

10. Elizabeth, married Isaac Frame: 11. Xathan. married Hannrdi G. —

OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 739

Cniinor. and tliev wctu llie ,t,^n(l])arcnls t^{ tlic wife of Judge Pennypacker;

\2. Jnsqili, married Klizahclli ^'eats. and (second) Pli(d)c I'rowii.

Jnlm (4), second child and eldest son of Daniel and Martlia (Tal- bot) r.rdniall. was Ixini 11 mo., 8. \'/()0. lie spent his youth on the paternal farm in 'rimrnlinrv townshi]). lie was fonr times married.

He niarried. according to the discipline of Friends" at Concord Meet- ing. I mo., 4, i/tX). Susanna, daughter of Thomas and Ruth Wilson.

She died without issue, u mo.. 19. 179S. John I'rtxjniall married

(second) 6 mo., 7, 1S04, Sarah, huried 6 mo., 15. 1806, daughter of

Joseph and .Marv Sharpless. h'or his third wil'e John IJroomall married, 3 mo.. 14. 1811. Sarah, daughter of George and Elizabeth

(Reynolds) Martin. She died. 4 mo., ij, 1819, leaving fmir children

Ceorgc, Elizabeth and John M. (twins), and Martha, who died at the a.ge of nine vears. John Uroomall married (fourth) 7 mo., 4, 1822,

Ann, daughter of Samuel and Sarah Townsend. of Newtown, New

Jersey. She died in 18,36, and her husband lived a widower twelve years, dying 3 mo.. 6, 1848, a.ged nearly eighty-eight years, and was buried in the burying ground at Chichester Meeting House.

|ohn Martin Hroomall (5), son of John and Sarah (Martin)

Broomall, was born January 19, 1816, in Upper Chichester township.

Delaware county, Pennsylvania. lie was reared upon the home farm and was educated in the schools of the Society of Friends and in Samuel

Smith's boarding school in Wilmington, Delaware, and he was for a time a teacher in the last named institution. He Ijegan his legal studies in Philadelphia mider the ])receptorship of the eminent legist, jurist and author. |olin Pxiuvier, and coiupletecl them under Samuel Edwards, a leading lawver of Delaware county. Mr. P.roomall was admitted to the bar on .\ugust 24, 1840. and at once entered upon the profession in which he soon gained an adxanced position and to which he devoted 740 COMPENDH'M OF HISTORY AND GENEALOCY

himself witli unabated zeal and al)ility until his last illness. It was his great distinction from a midway point in his career until its close, to enjoy recognition among his professional colleagues as tlic foremost of tlicm all. and it was no uncommon expression among suitors to say that, with Mr. Broomall against them, their case was half lost before the trial had begun. He was a close and logical reasoner upon legal topics, and was often p<^werful before the court in his discussion of principles and precedents, but he was at his best before the jury. His deep knowledge of human nature made him all-powerful in his persuasive advocacy. He was a legal strategist. His cases were often won by fixing upon some particularly strong point, and liy keeping it continually before the jury. He was spoken of as "an uncurable competitor," and he had the faculty of introducing some favorable feature of his case, regardless of the restrictions of the laws of evidence. While his profound knowledge of law made him ;i master in all its various fields, he was particularly renowned in criminal law. and during almost his entire career appeared ff>r the defense in cases of homicide, and in

nearly all obtaining either entire acquittal or acquittal of first-degree

murder. His zealous interest in such cases was not due to his desire

for gain, for he was rarely i)ai(l for his services, hut was jiromptctl bv an inveterate hostility to capital ])unishment. This opposition probablv having its foundation in his Quaker heredity, manifested itself in him early in his youth, and gradually intensified throughout his life, until he wouM go to almost any extreme to save a fellow creature from the gallows. The court records and the journals of the days contain manv narratives of cases in which he achieved notable success, but for these there is no space in these pages. When Delaware county became a separate judicial district, the bar made unanimous recommendation of

Mr. Broomall for the position of president judge, to which he was ap- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 741

pointed In- tlie governor. He was commissioned early in 1874, and served until January i. 1875. Of the cases tried before him. only about a half dozen were appealed, and all of these were sustained upon review. Undoubtedly Judge Broomall would have attained to a high position upon the bench, had not the logic of events thrown him into another field.

Judge Broomall. from his earliest life, was a determined opponent of human slavery, and he came to lie numbered among the most aggressive in the movements for its overthrow. Allied with the Whig party, the time came when its younger element in the county, in casting about for a leader, selected Mr. Broomall. whose prominence at the bar and forcefulness as a speaker were already established. He was nominated for the legislature, and was elected, and served most creditably in the sessions of 185 1 and 1852. taking a prominent part in state legislation. He declined to again become a candidate, and he also refused the nomination of the Whig party for a seat in congress, declining in favor of W'illiam Everhart, of Chester county. He accepted the candidacy in 1854, but was defeated by the Democratic candidate. John Hick- man. Mr. Broomall having made opponents of many of those who desired to support him, by his refusal, out of conscientious ol)jection to affiliation with secret orders or parties, to connect himself with the Know Nothings.

Mr. Broomall aided in the organization of tiie new Republican party in Delaware county, in 1856. and the same year was nominated by the Republicans of the county for a seat in congress. In the other county in the district (Chester) Mr. Bowan was nominated, and. rather

than divide the party in its initial campaign. Mr. Broomall withdrew.

In 1858 he was again nominated in Delaware coimty and also in Chester

county. Mr. Hickman, who had been elected at the previous election, 742 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY now appeared as an independent candidate and received many Repn')- lican vntes liecause of liis l)rcak with {'resident Itnclianan. run! was elected, in iSfc Mr. iiiclr

Mr. P.roomall's ])olitical career liad a new het^inninij in 1862. In tliat vcar lie was nominated by the Republicans in butb the connties of Delaware and Chester, and was elected, being returned to his scat bv two successive re-elections. He entered upon his duties at a crucial

])eri(id cif the Civil war, and until the clnsc of that momentous struggle

he took an able part in all military and financial legislation, and he was

a potent factor in the moulding of the legislation which conferred full

civil and jiolitical rights upon the black as well as the white m.an.

During his entire congressional ser\'icc he was a member of the com-

mittee on accounts and the committee on exiienditures, and was chair-

man of the latter body in his last term, and in his second term he was

a member of a special committee (and for a considerable time its chair-

man) sent to Memphis to investigate the riots in that city. lie was

among the foremost of his party in struggling for the abolition of

sla\ery, and he took a very active i)art in all debates upon sla\ery,

finance and other leading issues. On February 7. 1865, he delivered a

masterly speech on ci\il rights, which Mr. Illaine I in his "Twenty

Years of Congress") said was "the finest specimen of terse and strong

English known to the .\mcrican Congress," and the same high authority

testified of Mr. P.ro'niiall that he was "an independent thinker, a keen

debater, inflexible in princi])le, untiring in eftort." During all the time

of his congressional service Mr. Droomall was closely associated with

the foremost men of the times— Blaine, Stevens, Garfield, Butler, and

others and he possessed the intimate friendship of the great Lincoln. Of THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 743

His Iiigli abilities were warmly appreciated by these eminent statesmen, and his ability and sagacity commanded the plaudits of his opponents, as Mr. Randall, a Democratic leader, who said of him that he was one to whom recourse was generally had for any ingenious and skillful management of the course of legislation, and that, when his plans were once adopted. Stevens. Butler, Blaine and other were sent to the front to do the ponderous hitting. Mr. Broomall was an ardent admirer and warm friend of Thaddeus Stevens, and, as his eulogist upon the occasion of the memorial proceedings in congress after his death, paid a glowing tribute to his services in behalf of the colored race.

Mr. Broomall's patriotism was not of a type which would permit him to confine his efifort to the halls of legislation. Twice during the period of liis service as a congressman, he also performed the duty of a soldier. In 1862. when Lee's army threatened Washington with capture and Pennsylvania with invasion, he took the field as captain commanding Company C, Si.xteenth Regiment, Pennsylvania Militia, and in the

following year, previous to the battle of Gettysburg, he served from

June 19 to August ist in command of Company C. Twenty-ninth Regi- ment Emergency Men.

In the field of politics ])roper. Mr, Broomall kept an unspotted

record. In his campaigns in his district, during which he delivered a

greater number of speeches than any ntlier speaker, he never used

money nor e\er made or promised an appointment to office to further

his own interests. He held others to the same standarti which he set

for himself, and contended for honesty at all times and in all places.

Thus, while a member of the legislature, he was a determined opponent

of the influence on state politics and legislation exercised by powerful

corporations, particularly the Pennsylvania Railroad. Out of such

considerations, also, in the first national Republican convention in Chi- 744 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AKD GENEALOGY

cago, in i860, in which he was a delegate, lie declined to l)e a follower of General Cameron, and was one of three men of the Pennsylvania delegation who from the first cast tiicir votes ff)r Ahrah.ini Lincnhi, thns leading the break which resulted in his nomination. Mr. Broomall was a member of the electoral college in i860 and again in 1872. when his votes were cast for Lincoln and drant. respectively.

Mr. Broomall performed highly useful service as a member of the

Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of 1874. He was a meml>er of the two most important committees, the committee on judiciary and committee on taxation, and was chairman of the last named. He took a diligent part in all the transactions of the convention. Holding advanced ground upon all questions of organic law. he ably advocated, but unsuccessfully, the incorporation in the constitution of a provision against capital punishment, and another for the e.xtension of jjolitical

rights to women.

Mr. Broomall was a charming personality, a rare compound of

womanly tenderness and self-assertive virility. He could rise to a height of aggressiveness almost passionate, but it was ever in defense of the wronged. He was endowed with ready sympathy for his fellow

man, particularly the poor and aftlicted. and he viewed the criminal

with pitying compassion, deeming him rather the victim of circumstances, the creature of heredity and environment, and contending that he should

l)e corrected by reformation rather than \isitcd with severe penalties.

He was touchingly fond of children, and strenuously opposed their

punishment lest they might misunderstand it and he incited to relK-llion

against the exercise of power. In brief, his personal life bore ample

evidence of his Quaker birth and rearing. It is curious and interesting

to note that while he had been disowned by the Society of Friends

because of his first marriage being "out of meeting." he never bore OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 745

enmity towards tliat iJCfjple, was a constant attendant at tlieir meetings • and frequently a speaker at tlie Providence meeting in Media, and yet resisted all solicitations to resume his formal membership. His intellectual faculties were strong, and he was a powerful analytical reasoner. He was eloquent in speech, yet simple in language, confining himself as far as ])ossible to tiie unstilted. vigorous, deep meaning words of the Kn<^lisli llihic and Shakespeare. He delighted in music and poetry, and would fnr hours recite for his own amusement, or in the social circle, verses from his favorite British and American poets.

Mr. Broomall was twice married. His first wife, to whom he was wed October 14. 1841, was Elizabeth, a daughter of Joseph and Martha l)("itli. wlio (lied March 19, 1848, leaving to her husband two children,

William B. and .\nna E., another, Joseph J., having died. September

29, 1853, Mr. Broomall married Caroline L.. daughter nf John Larkin.

Jr., of Chester, and to them were Inirn five children—John L.. John M.,

Jr.. Henry L., Caroline L., and Carolus M.. of whom Henry L. and

Carolus M. survi\e.

Mr. Broomall resided in Media from i860 until his death; He was of frail constitution and in youth held out little hope of extending his life to more than the scriptural limit of three score years and ten.

P>ut his nervous activity developed an energy which rendered him untiring in effort, and conquered every physical weakness. His health did not suffer serious impairment until December, 1893, when he was attacked with pneumonia, which left him with an enfeebled heart, and death came to him on June 3. 1894. His death was a deep sorrow to the entire community, and all classes united in paying respect to the memory of a loved friend. The Delaware County Institute of Science, of which the deceased was an active member, and. for many years and to the lime of his death the president, held a special meeting. Mr. 74G COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Charles I'otts, who presidcil, paid a 5,dn\\ing trilnile t(] the illustri(His

dead. Various memhers read papers descriptive of llie leachiig char-

acteristics of Mr. Brooniall —Thomas V. Cooper, on "The Political

Career of Hon. J

Broomall as a rhiianthropist" ; and Benjamin C. Potts on "Mr. Brooniall

as President of the Institute." Extemporaneous remarks were made

by Captain I.saac Johnson, on the life and puhlic services of Mr. Broom-

all : the \\c\. S. A. Heilncr on his life from a religious standiioint: and

Dr. Brinton on his usefulness to science and scientists. The papers

read, with an excellent hiographical history from the pen of Mr. William

B. Broomall, son of the deceased, were printed in a memorial pamphlet.

WILLIAM BOOTH BROOMALL.

William Booth Broomall traces his descent from an ancestry rc- markahle because of its association w ith the early settlement and colonial development rif the southwestern section of Delaware county, and in all the lines in which he derives descent his forebears have resided within si.x miles of the place of his birth, excepting in the one instance of the

Dilvvortlis, who were located in Birmingham. It was at Dilworthtown, named from the Dilworths. that deneral (jreene made his masterly stand which sa\ed the .American army from destruction at the disastrous battlefield of the Brandywine. In the paternal line he represents in the fifth generation descent from Anna Lewis: in the si.xth from

John Tallwt, Margaret Battan and Elizaljeth Acton; while in the seventh,

Margery Mendenhall, John W'orrelow, Thomas Marten, James Dil- worth, Anna Wain, Richard Webb, Henry Reynolds, Lewis Davis,

Florence Jones, Rebecca Hinde and Josejih Baker. The eighth gives his descent from William Clayton, who settled at Marcus Hook before OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 747

the grant of tlic province to Penn, and, wlien Governor Markliam f(jnnefl his caljinct, tlayton was one wlio took tlie oath of office, .\ugust 3,

i68r. During 16S3-84-85 lie was a meniljcr of Penn's provincial council.

In the same generation Mr. Brooniali is descended from George Maris, the lirst settler in Springfield, who gave to that township the name it still hears.

Ill the maternal line he is in the fourth generation from William

Hoskins: in the fifth frmu John .Smith; sixth from Rohert Ilooth. Betty

Caston. William (.'loud, Ivihcrl Shell)- and John Davis: in the se\'enth

from William Buzhv, Elizaheth .\ct(jn, Joseph Niels and Rebecca Ilinde: while in the eighth from John Dutton, Henry Reynolds and John Kings- man. In the ninth he descends from John Simcock, who in 1688, dur-

ing the (|uarrel between I'enn and the assembly, was commissioned by

Penn ;is one of his deputies or "Leiftenants." To John Simcock, Penn

patented more than half of the present township of Ridley. Hence, in

Mr. Ihoomall's case is exemplified Deborah Logan's declaration show-

ing "in a good degree the ad\antages of stal)iht\- which a family acquires

by being tixed in its place of residence."

William liooth Broomall, the eldest son of Tb>n. John M. and

Elizabeth ^ Booth) Broomall. was born January 30, 1843, '" ^'^^^ house

still standing at the northeast corner of Market Sc|uare and Third street.

His father, one of the eminent men of Pennsyhania, when his Son was

two \ears "Id, purchased a farm in Ujiper Chichester, near the present

Boothwyu, which he tilled until 1848, when he returned to Chester and

resumed the practice of l.iw. The lad was placed in the school con-

ducted by Joseph Taylor, in the second story of the Penn buildings.

Market Square, and later was instructed in the classics and higher

mathematics by James G. Riddle, a learned but eccentric resident of

Chester. In September, 1856, Mr. Broomall entered Haverford Col- 748 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lege, graduating therefrom in July, 1861. Judge Brooniall had in the

meanwhile removed to Media, where Iiis son entered the father's office.

Among Ills fellow students at law was Hon. James liartmi. Jr., and

Hon. John B. Hinkson, both of whom later filled the jwsition of mayor

of Chester.

When nineteen. \V. B. Brooniall enlisted in 0)mi)any D (Gideon's

Band), Captain Norris L. Yarnall. One Hundred ;ind Twenty-fourtli

Pennsylvania Infantry, and August 11. 1862. was mustered into the

service of the United States witii tiie rank of sergeant. ;\ month later

(September 16), after a liard day's march, tlie regiment, which had

been without food for ncar!\- twenty- four hours, was ordered to take

part in tiie battle of .\ntietam. and from early light until three o'clock

in the afternoon of the following day. liekl its ix)sition at the close of the engagement, although several times compelled to recapture the ground, as the battle ebbed and flowed. In the disastrous Chancellorsville campaign, the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth, with other regiments, was thrown to the front when the Eleventh Corps became panic stricken, and for five hours held the Confederate veterans in check, until, being outflanked, the line was compelled to retire. In all the service of his regiment in the field. Mr. Broomall took active part, although he was scarcely twenty, until his regiment was honorably discharged at Phila- delphia, on May 9, 1863.

He thereupon resumed the reading of law in Broomall & Ward's office in Chester, and was admitted to the liar of Delaware county, Feb- ruary 28, 1864. By a strange error in the minutes of court, his admission appears as of December 28. 1863. For more than three years he remained in the office of his preceptors without seeking to build up an indi\idual practice. In January. 1867. a partnership was formed for one year, comprising Hon. William Ward, Da\id M. Johnson and OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 749

William B. Brooiuall. At tlie expiration of this period Mr. Johnson withdrew, and tlie fnin Ixjcanic Ward & Brooniall. which continued until

1878, when Mr. Broomail withdrew. Up to that time lie seldom appeared in court in tlic trial of cases, but so quickly did he attract public attention by his ad\ocacy, exact reasoning and profound knowledge of law. that in less than two years he became the recognized leader of the bar of Delaware county. In tlie spring of 1882 he was elected to the council of Chester, representing what is now the sixth, seventh and eighth wards. He was re-elected in 1884, but in the fall of that year he resigned to accept the solicitorship of the Baltimore & Philadel])hia

Railroad Company for this district.

From the time Mr. Broomail began individual practice, there has rarely been a case inxolving nice ciuestions of law. or in which large amounts were in litigation, in wliicli lie has not been engaged. In

1889, after tlic Inion Railway Company was authorized to lay tracks upon designated streets, the Chester Street Railway Company, represented by John G. Johnston. Esq.. sought to restrain the former cor- iwration from the use of the streets of the city, but at the hearing Mr.

Broomail so ably represejited the facts and law that the court sustained his contention, with the result that the Union Railway Company purchased the equipment of the Chester Street Railway Company, miles of track were laid, and the present system of street railway communication was inaugurated. In the case, Swarthmore & Morton Railway vs. the

Chester Traction Company. Mr. Broomall's argument, which was followed by the supreme court in its opinion, settled the question that one railway company, in the exercise of eminent domain, cannot condemn the road of another company for its own purposes. In 1901 Mr. Broomail was the leading counsel in tlic noted Robinson will case, a litigation which attracted the attention of the public throughout the state. Mr.

44 750 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Broomall has rarely appeared in the criminal side of the courts, hut in the Pfitzenmeyer homicide proceedings, the most dramatic and sensa- tional trial in the annals of Delaware county, he was the leading counsel for Caroline Schmidt, indicted in 1891 for the murder of her sister

Emma riitzenmeycr. 'i'hc prosecution hinged largely upon medical expert testimony, the witnesses for the state asserting that hoth the carotid arteries had hcen ciU, which, if true, ahsolutely destroyed the theory of suicide, the hyl)othe^is up'ii which the defense was founded.

Mr. Broomall produced the neck of the dead wdinan hefore the jury, ahsolutely refuting the testimony of the commonwealth's experts. Since the Colt case, tried in New York, in 1841, when the head of the murdered man was jiroduccd at the trial, there had hcen no incident in a criminal trial in the United States where such proof had hcen introduced in court. The jury, after a few minutes' deliheration, acquitterl the prisoner. In 1892 Mr. Broomall was leading counsel in the William

Brown homicide case, where during a strike at the Standard Steel

Works, one of the strikers, attempting to intimidate other workmen, was killed. The accused parties were acquitted.

]\Ir. Broomall has heen prominent in Masonic circles for a score of years. He is past master of Chester Lodge No. 236, and for fifteen years has been deputy grand master representing the grand lodge in

Delaware and Chester counties. Since the organization of the Penn

Club, in 1896, he has been its presiding officer. In 1874 he visited Eu- rope, and since then has twice spent his \acations abroad. In the western continent he has traveled extensively in the United States,

Mexico and Canada, fref|uently in the interests of clients as well as for pleasant recreation. He has given considerable of his leisure to historical investigation. His papers on William I-ew is. an old time leader of the

Pennsylvania bar, and on William Ward, read hefore the Delaware OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 751

County Historical Society, are \alualjle contributions to the annals of the state.

October 17. 1876, Mr. Broomall married Anna M. Hinkson. A peculiar incident associated with his marriage is tiiat the wedding toijk place in the same house where he was torn thirty-three years before, the property having passed through many owners in the meanwhile.

Mrs. Broomall is a daughter of Joseph Engle and Anna (Black) Hink- son. her mother being a daughter of Samuel Black. Her grandparents were John and Abigail—daughter of F"rederick and Abigail (Vernon) Engle—Hinkson. Her great-grandparents were John and Jane (Mor- row) Hinkson, who, prior to 1750. emigrated from county Cavan,

Ireland, and settled in Upper Providence in Chester (now Delaware) county.

HOX. WAYNE MacVEAGH, LL. D.

Hon. Wayne MacVeagh, LL. D.. lawyer and statesman, known and honored throughout the land, is a native of Chester county, born in Phoenixville, .\pril 19, 1833. He came from an unbroken English lineage, recognizable from the beginning of the sixteenth century.

He began his education in the Pottstown public schools, and when sixteen years of age entered Yale College, from which he was graduated at the age of twenty, tenth in a class of one hundred and eight.

While yet a student, he gave evidence of those powers which distinguished his active career—\ehement oratory, keen analysis, fiery in- vective and cutting sarcasm. This was exemplified in a debate before the Linonia Society of Yale College, three months after his entrance to the institution. The question for debate was: Should the United States recognize the independence of Hungary? The Hungarian patriot, Kos- 762 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

sutli, was tlien in this country, and jjiiljlic sentiment was strong; ami enthusiastic in belialf of him ami his cause, l-'or this reason, none of tlie

Linonians seemed di.sposed to uphukl the negative of the proposition.

Finally, MacVeagh. then a lad of sixteen, was api)ealcd to. and, to the

great surprise of all, he accepted, and made a most masterly presentation of an unpopular side of the question.

Mr. MacVeagh studied law in West Chester, where he was admitted to the bar, April 26. 1856. Entered at once upon practice, he came in time to promnience in the courts of the state and in the federal courts as well. In 1859 he was elected district attorney, and served until

1864. In 1862 he recruited a company of cavalry for the Union army, and was commissioned captain, soon being promoted to the rank of OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 753

niajiir. and assigned t(i duty on tlic staff of General Crouch, commanding tlie district of tlie Susquehanna, witli wiioni he served at tlie time of the ini])eiidin<^' rcl)cl inxnsion.

I lis Iar,L;er ixilitical caiecr ma)- he dated from 1864, when lie was

called t ) the chairniaiishii) of the Pennsylvania Republican State Central

Conmiittcc in which cai)acity he rendered splenclicl service in the conduct of the qui :ernati rial aiul presidential campaigns. In 1870-71 he was

United States minister to Constantinnple, under appointment hy Presi- dent Grant, and in that position he displayed statesmanlike ability of the first order. In iSSo he joined the ^'oung Men's Reform Club of Phil- adelphia, and aided in revolutionizing municipal politics. He was a iiu'iiiher of the I'eiinsyKania State Constitutional Coinention in 1872-73. and took a ])r<>iiiinent ])art during the deliberations of that body. In

1877 lu- was placed at the head of the commission sent to Louisiana by

President Hayes to reconcile political differences in that state. President

Garfield, immediately after his inauguration, called Mr. MacVeagh to his (ihincl 111 the capacity of attorney general, and he discharged the duties lit the position with masterly ability until after the assassination

I if his chief and the installation of President Arthur, when, with the remainder of the cabinet, he resigned, and resumed his law practice in

Philadelphia. In iSqj he supported Mr. Cleveland for the presidency.

Mr. MacVeagh was ambassador to Italy from 1893 to 1897. A key to his character. illustr:iting his ideas of political conduct and fair dealing. is found in his Itnig identification with the Civil Reform .Association of Philadelphia, of which he has been chairman, and with the Indian

Rights Association. In 1881 he received from .\mherst College the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws.

Mr. MacVeagh married Miss Virginia Cameron, a daughter of Hon. Simon Cameron. 754 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

JOHN WESLEY BLACK.

Pittsburg journalism will long retain tlie impression left upon it

by tlie labors and original personality of John Weslev Black. Flis

seemed to be one of those rare cases of natural genius for newspaper

work which, like that of poets, must be born in its possessor ratlier

tlian acquired l)y the usual methods. The latter, of course, is essential

in either case, but the best results are never obtained except by tlie illum-

inating power which genius alone can supply. This conclusion is justi-

fied by an analysis of the careers of all the great editors from Bryant to

Watterson, from Greeley to Medill. as in each and every case will be

found that indescribable but all-pervasive quality which enables its possessor to reach results intuitively. No matter whether the field be

large or small, the natural I)om editor will assert himself and come to the front conspicuously. Springfield, Massachusetts, is a comparatively

small city, but Samuel Bowles gave the Republican of that place a national reputation and made it a recognized power despite unfavorable environments. The voice of Eugene Field was heard as of one "crying in the wilderness" long before he left the obscurities of Colorado for the calcium light of Chicago journalism. A Texas luminary made his name and sentiments resound all over the Union through a paper that was only issued once a week. The really great editor is not confined by geographical limits or any "Pent-up Utica," nor is he to be crushed by lack of capital or other adverse circumstances. That the late Mr. Black deserved to rank in this limited number of the editorial "immortals" is proved by his achievements at Pittsburg, and his most intimate friends and closest observers readily rank him in the highest order of journalists.

John Wesley Black was a son of the late Thomas J. and Mrs. Sarah

at Pittsburg, February J. Black, and his birth occurred 23. 1858. He

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 757

received no literary education aside from that acquired by attendance in tlie public schools of his native city, which culminated in graduation at the high school. While still in his teens the natural bent exhibited itself, and we find the ambitious Ixjy acting at an unusually early age as rci)<)rter tor one of the city papers. This congenial work proved valuable as a training wliile servirig also as a stepping-stone to the broader field ill wliirJi he was destined to achieve exceptional success. In 1R76 the embryonic ed'tor launched in modest form a small sheet, which by virtue of its location and area of circulation was called the East End

Btcllcliii. This change from subordinate to proprietor necessitated resignation of his position as reporter for the Telegraph in order that all his energies might be concentrated to the development of his new enterprise.

It will hardly l.e necessary to describe for the Ijenefit of Pittsburgers cither tlic character of the Bulletin or the measure of success it achieved under Mr. Black's brilliant management. For outsiders it may be pertinent to say that this little paper, started as a brief chronicle of the times for a small section of a great city, eventually impressed itself so vividly upon the minds of all newspaper readers that its career i? a part of the history of Pittsburg journalism. .Ml his tastes were along high lines, and every depprtment of his paper rellected sentiments which could only come from a cultivated mind. This cultivation was by no means confined to newspaper channels, but embraced the whole belles lettres, and in the pages of the Bulletin were rellected the gems of thought which could only come from contact with the great masters of literature. John

Wesley Black loved art for art's sake, and loved to display the treasures of genius which he had collected in one of the finest private libraries in western Pennsylvania.

On the 13th of September, 1883, Mr. Black was united in marriage with Miss Sadie Burke, and their live children are named T. Howard, 758 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

John Wesley, Harry W., Helen Virginia and William Rea. the last named lx)rn five months after his father's death, and now the idol and pet of the family.

When the death of this brilliant editor and much-admired man occurred, on the 7th of February, 1898, the general sentiment of the public was expressed in an article written and published by one who knew him well, and a quotation from this heart-felt eulogy will form a fitting finale to this biographical tribute to Mr. Black's memory:

"Clean in heart and life and blameless in domestic relations. Mr. Black embodied all that was manly in manhood. Self-reliant and energetic and broad in mental scope, he personified what is liest in the highest type of the true American. Called suddenly from his loved ones, from his business associates and from the large circle of many warm friends, his death implies a terrible bereavement, a silence eloquent of the departed, a IJ.ank that even time can hardlv heal."

THOMAS BUCHANAN READ.

Thomas Buchanan Read, one of .\merica's most famous poets and painters, was born March 12, 1822, %i what is now East Brandywine township. Chester county, Pennsylvania. He was left fatherless at a tender age, and his widowed mother apprenticed him to a tailor. The occupation proving uncongenial to the lad, he ran away to Philadelphia, where he became a cigar-maker. At the age of fifteen he left that city for Cinf'innati, Ohio, where he was taken into the home of the sculptor,

Clevenger, under whose instruction he learned sign and portrait painting. He was occupied in such work for about nine years, during the same period adding to his income by contributing to different newspapers. OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 759

In 1846, when twenty-four years old, he ojiened a portrait studio in Philadelphia. In 1850 and again in 1853 he visited Europe, and he subsequently took up his residence in Rome, returning to the United

States occasionally for brief visits, and it was on one of these that his 760 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

death occurred, in Xew York city. May ii, 1872. Perhai)S his I)est known h'terary composition is "Slieridan's I^ide," written sliortly after the incident dei)icted. and which lie Idniself recited on \arioiis occasions and once (as was witnessed l)v tlie writer ()f tliis sketcli), in presence of

Sheridan himself, with (h'ant, Sherman, Lot^an, and

'Toems," "Female Poets of .\nierica," " The House hy the Sea," ruid

"The W'.'ig'oner nf the .Mleojianics." His hest knnwn paintini^s were

"The S]iirit of the Waterfall," "The Lost Pleiad," and ".Sheridan and

Ilis Ijiirse." I lis iinl\- piece nf scid])tm"e was a hust of (ieneral .Sheri- dan, which attracted mnch attention. Ilis ])netry is marked hy a fer\'ent sjjirit of patriotism, and hv artistic power and lidelit\' in the description of .American scenery ;m

His friend. lleni'\- C. Townsend, in writing of him, said: "'I'he dis- tinguishing characteristics of Kead's nature were purity f)f tliought, refinement of feeling, gentleness of manner, generosity of disposition, genialitx' and unseinsh dcNotion to others."

HENRY M. IRNKSON.

For a century and a half the Hinkson family have Ix^en an important and intluential factor in the history of the southern section of the territory now comprising Delaware county. Tradition asserts that early in the Seventeenth century se\-eral hrothers named Hansen emigrated from Hanover, in the north of Germany, to county Cavan, in the north of Ireland, where the name underwent a change, taking the present form of Hinkson, which is wholly of Saxon-English origin.

Prior to 1750. John and Jane (Morrow) Hinkson, with an infant OF THE STATE OF PEXXSYLVANIA. 761

son, Thomas, emigrated from county Cavan to tlie province of Penn- sylvania. During the voyage to tlieir new li<5me in the colonies was born at sea to the young couple an infant son who was called John, after the father. The emigrant ancestor settled in Upper Providence, where he prospered. As early as 1770, John, the son mentioned, was operating a sawmill in Xcther Pro\idence. on Vernon's run. James

Hinkson. the third son horn in the colony, and the great-uncle of Henry

M. Hinkson. prior to 1790 purchased several tracts of land in Nether

Providence, where the Providence great road and the Wallingford road cross each other. The eldest son, Thomas, acquired other lands, abutting upon the road, hence that locality, in a descriptive sense, was known as "Hinkson's Corners," a name* which is still applied to it.

John Hinkson, third, second son of John and Abigail (Engle)

Hinkson, was born in Xether Providence. July 27, 1792. He received an ordinary education of a well-to-do farmer's son of those times, particular care being given to penmanship, in which the Ixiy displayed aptitude, and in after life he was noted for his handwriting, which has been likened to copper-jilate. Until twenty-two John Hinkson had remained on the ancestral farm, but when, in the summer of 1814, the militia of the state was called into service to repel the threatened attack by Admiral Cockburn's fleet and the British army under General Ross, he held rank as sergeant in the Dekuvare County Troop of Horse, and in 1820, when the troo]) was reorganized, he became its captain. In

1816 he married Jemima Worrell, a daughter of Joseph Worrell, of

Upper Providence, and the couple resided at the court house, the young husband having received the appointment of steward. There, thefollow- ing year, their eldest child. Josejih H. Hinkson. was born, hence the latter was wont to declare that he "was born in the work house and brought up in the jail." for in 1825 his father was elected sheriff, and 762 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

the office required tliat the incumlient slinuld reside in the Ixjrough of

Chester in tlie dwelhui,' p.nt of the jail. In 1S34 Joim llinkson was elecleil |)r{)th()nr)tary. clerk nf tlic nrplian's court, recorder of deeds and register of wills. In 1S36 or 1837 he represented Delaware county in the legislature, a position he I'liled with credit to his constituency and himself, hut he declined a renoinination. .Mthougli still active in public affairs. Mr. llinkson retired to his farm in Chester townshi]), where his health ijradually failing;-, he died. f>n July 30. 1844, aged lifty-lwo. To his first marriage were horn two sous and one daughter. lie nrirried, second, C)ri)ha. daughter of Josej)!! and .Mice Xeide. to which, union were horn three sons and one daughter. The latter, .Sarah, l)ecame the wife of h'llis Smctllev. The other children were llenrv M.. tlu' suhjcct of this sketch; W'ilhani. who ni.arried .\tuiie. d.aughtcr of lulward

I'-ngle. to which luarriage were horn four sons and four daughters, and his second wife was Susan, daughter of Samuel Rlack. of Chester;

Frederick llinkson ni;irricd .\nnie Ilansell. and 1( the union were horn two sons and five daughters.

}lenry .M. llinkson. eldest son. was Ijorn June 14. 1829, at the old llinkson homestead, near Sneath's corner, Chester township. The lad. who w:is fifteen when his father died, attended the schools in the neighborhood .and in the borough of Chester. In his eighteenth year he entered the store of George Baker, a cousin, who then conducted in

Chester a large general mercantile business. For one year he continuetl in that employment, when he decided to take up higher branches of classical and mathematical studies than those in which he had been instructed, and with that end in view became a student in a noted academy in Norristown, where he remained for several years. On his return home he managed with ])rofit one of the ancestral farms. By this time Chester had begun to develop rapidly, and much ground OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 7*53

wliicli liad been used in grazing was laid out with streets and avenues.

Mr. Hinkson, who was [Xissessed of considerable means, purchased lots in growing localities and engaged in real estate enterprises, in association wilh his nephew, the late Hon. John B. Hinkson. While not a sijeculaior, he was quick to see and appreciate the causes which would lead to enhancing the values of lots in certain localities, and subserpient events proved the accuracy of his judgment. Mr. Hinkson was a man of striking appearance, cultured in address and bearing. So natural was this tliat !ie was iK>pularly known as "Gentleman Harry." Al- though frequently solicited to accept nominations for city and county offices, lie refused except in one instance, in 1867, when he was elected alderman of the middle ward, a f)Osition he held for five years, making a record as one of the best administrators in the liistory of the office.

In 1888 the Penn street planing mills, w'hich he owned, became vacant, and as no tenant applied for the plant he successfully conducted the business until his death, although he had no practical experience theretofore in that branch of industrial activity.

Mr. Hinksrm died at Chester, May 17, 1890, aged sixty. Midway of the east transept of St. Pauls Protestant Episcopal church in Qiester is a three panelled stained glass window, rich in colorings and beautiful in detail, representing the Crucifixion, which is in loving memory of him. October 10, 1872, Mr. Hinkson married Katherine R. Taylor, daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Berdett) Taylor, who are probably in the Taylor line descendants of Christopher Taylor, one of William

Penn's provincial council and president judpe of the court of Chester in 1684. Mrs. Hinkson's grandfather on the paternal side was Israel

Taylor, of Aston, who married .\nn Malin. of Upper Providence, where her father was horn. The young couple shortly afterwards removed to the ancestral estates in Aston. Her maternal grandfather 764 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

was Jo?c])li Ta\lor, nf I'pix-'r IVdvitlcncc, a snldicr nf tlic l\cvolutioii, will) was captured liv tlic Uritisli. and witli other prisoners of war was transported to St. Johns. Xcw l>runswiok. where lie was held awaiting exchange until the close of tiie war hrouglit liini release. He married

Esther Hewes. of St. Joluis. wlmse fatlier, Josepli 'I'aylnr. was a noted surveyor and mathematician. In 1S.44 lie was elected prutlionotary. recorder and register of Delaware county, which necessitated his removal to Chester, then tlie county seat. On the expiration of his oflicial term he resumed llic jjracticc of liis profession. For the late Hon.

Jolm I.ocker, Jr.. he platted most of tlie present second, fourth and fifth wards, and when the city was incorjjorated lie became the first surveyor, an ofl'ice he held for a numhcr of years. He was also surveyor for the county of Delaware and the borough of Darby, and laid out the

Chester Rural Cemetery, of which he was one of the ]>rnjcctors. Joseph

Taylor died February 27, 1884, in his eighty-second year. One child was born to Mr. and Mrs. Henry M. Hinkson, .Mice N., who died in infancy. Mrs. Henry W. Hinkson is an active member of St. Paul's

Protestant Episcopal church, treasurer of its Dorcas Society, and a director of the J. Lewis Crozer Home for Incurables. She i.s also active in Charitable work, and is one of the early members of the New Cen- turv Club of Chester.

CHARLES C. SCAIFE.

Charles C. Scaife. one of the leading iron manufacturers of Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania, is a member of a family, in the third generation,

that has been established in this city for over a century, and which has also done more than any other one family to build up the industrial

interests of the city which so Img iield a title of being "the gateway of

•«Ei

Cj^ OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 7t>7

the west." DcnivarU and Kngland were the carHest seats of tlic paternal side of the h(nise. drandfather Jeffery Scaife settled in Pittsburg in

1802. There was only a Nilla,"/: there then. The site of the handsome new railroad station was far ont in the country, and the portion now known as East End was almost out of the Ixninds of civilization. Jefifery

Scaife was one of the pioneer manufacturers here. He set up a shop for the makin.!.;; (if tin and sheet-iron work, and. he heing a workman out of the ordinary, his jiruducts soon gainetl a reputation for excellence and dnrahilitw a repntatinn which it is a pleasure to say has since been maintained In- the son and grandson,

William B. Scaife, the son of Jeffery, was Ixjrn in I'itlshurg in Sep- tcnilier, iSij. With few oppnrtunitics in his youth for gaining an education, he made the best use of what he had, aufl thmughout life was known as a student and thinker, being well posted on the current history and especially fond of metaiihysics. His technicrd training was obtained in his father's simp, and a ])roof nf his ])recocity in things mechanical is found in the fact that when he was nine years old he fashioned articles which were offered for sale with those of the other workmen in his father's employ. In 1S34 the fnni of William B. Scaife & Company was formed, the company consisting of the well known McClurg and Wade of the Fort Pitt ordnance works. I-'our years later, in 1838, the company was dissolved, Mr, Scaife buying out his partners' interest. Thus at the age of twenty-six he w as at the head of an important industry.

At this time the steamboat trade was one of Pittsburg's greatest interests, and Mr. Scaife gave much oi his attention to the manufacture of the tin, inm and cop|)er parts of steamlx)ats. and from this he began the building and e(|uipping throughout of steamboats, many

from his plants being the handsi?mest packets on the river. He was one

of the fust to inaugurate the system of" towing coa4 down the river T68 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

instead of floating it, according to tlie nietliod in vogne uji In tliat time.

During the hard times of 1857-58, in order to provide employment for

his men, Mr. Scaife began the manufacture of iron roof frames and

of corrugated iron roofings and sichngs. This pniNcd a \ery profitable

branch of the business, and orders came from all i)arls of the country.

William B. Scaife educated his sons to his businesr, so that they

might relieve him of the burden which be bad carried so long and

so well. Consequently, in 1870 the name was changed to William B.

Scaife and Sons, and the sons thereafter, till their father's death, took

the principal responsibility of the business. Mr. Scaife always took

much interest in labor-saviiig maclnnery. and was continually designing articles that might accomiilish the end without so much labor. The

reputation that bis father iiad made for s(juare dealing was continued

by him. ati,d every transacti(jn was a matter of conscience with him. and every ]iroduct of his factory was made in the best and most thorough

manner. Me was a strong believer in temperance, and followed out

this conviction even to the extent of never manufacturing any machinery that might be usal in the making of spirituous liquors. Years before his death he organized a debating society in Pittsburg, which was known as

the Philo Institute, and which possessed a fine library. Many of the prominent citizens of Pittsburg can look back w itb pleasure to the hours they spent in the "institute."' in study and thought, and some may date

from that time a change in their careers. Mr. W. B. Scaife died in

1876, leaving behind a name without stain and a business to be conducted by his sons in the same honorable manner which characterized both

father and grandfather. There were thirteen children of the family, and eleven are living at the present time. At the father's death Charles C.

Scaife became the bead of the firm, but the name remains unchanged as

William B. Scaife and Sons. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 769

Charles C. Scaife was born in Pittsburg. Septemljer 8. 1844. and

was educated in tlie public schools there. He early l>ecanie interested in

the business of his fatiier, and thoroughly familiarized himself with its

e\ery detail. And that the business has prospered under his manage-

ment will l)e apparent to anyone who would visit the great plant at

Oakmont. where steel-frame mill structures, water filtration and purify-

ing plants, and sheet-iron products are manufactured. There are three

or four acres of buildings, on sixteen acres of ground, and about five

hundred men are employed. Mr. Scaife is also president of the Con-

struction Steel Works.

Mr. Scaife. as may be inferred from the foregoing, has had a

busy life, but he has yet fiumd time to devote to the demands of society

anfl religious affairs. He is a member of the Duquesne Club and the

Allegheny Country Club, and is very popular in the social circles of

Pittsburg and Allegheny. He Ijelongs to the Methodist Episcopal church,

and in politics has always been Republican, with considerable acquaint-

ance among some of the leading politicians of the country. In 1867 Mr.

Scaife was married to Miss Priscilla M. Verner, a daughter of James

Verner. Three sons and one tlaughter have been born of this union, and the sons. J. Verner and William B.. following the previous good example of their father and gramlfather. are associated with their father

in the business.

CROZER FAMILY.

The Cri)zer family in America was planted by five brothers—James, Samuel, John. Robert and Andrew,—who emigrated from the north of Ireland early in the eighteenth century. They were of Huguenot extraction and had been driven out from France by the revocation of

45 770 COMPENDIUM OP IIISPORY AND GENEALOGY the edict of Nantes. James Crozer. after his arrival, about 1720, married a memlier of the Cleave family, of English descent, residing in

Springfield, Pennsylvania, and these \vere the parents of John Crozer.

John Crozer was a man of strong character, in attainments and purposes far in advance of the generality of the men of his day. He was a carpenter and builder by occupation, and he followed his calling in Philadelphia until after his marriage, and also built in Ui)lan(l. Dela- ware county. Notwithstanding lli^^ humble trade, he was a man of excellent education, a good Latin, scholar and familiar with the classic authors. He was not attached to any church, but he inclined to the doctrines of the Society of Friends. He married Sarah Price, a daughter of Joim Price, of Marcus Hook. Delaware county, of English descent. She had been brought u]i in the Church of England, as it was known in .\mcrica until after the Revolution. She regarded a written creed as of little efficacy in the formation of character or in the government of individual life. She was. howe\er. a firm believer in jjractical

Christianity, and gave an exemplification of her faith in the beauty of her own character, and in the influence which she exerted by precept and conduct. The two. husband and wife, were sincerely in accord in all tiling!^, and they were true helpmeets in the rearing of their children, upon whom they impressed their own personality in marked degree. These were Elizabeth, who liecame the wife of John Lewis:

James; Sarah, who liecame the wife of Samuel V. Campbell: John

Price; and Samuel. During the early days of their married life, John

Crozer and his wife made their home on a farm belonging to the estate of John Knowles. of which Mr. Crozer was the executor. This was not for long, however, for he soon purchased the farm at Springfield which afterward became the property of Swarthmore College. Here was torn his second son and fifth child, John Price Crozer, January 13, 1793, OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 771

and it is worthy of remark that in the same house was born, more than

a half century l^efore. one of the most celebrated of American painters

in the person of Benjamin West.

The name of John P. Crozer will ever hold an honored place in

the history ui Pennsylvania, and more especially in tliat of Delaware county. A man of great nobility of character, he was wonderfully useful

in his day. His activities were not circumscribed, but extended to every

line of efifort which could add to the well being of the community and

of the state. A man of splendid abilities, without seeking fame, he

made himself famous as a captain of industry before that now hackneyed

term was known. But he was more than this: he was humanitarian and

|)hilanthropist. and he so dis])osed of his means as to conduce to the

moral as well as the material athancement of the people, not only in

his own day. init in after time, through works which do of a certainty

live after him. There was that in his character which would seem to

afford support to the views of those who hold to the theory of heredity.

In his viens was the blood of tlie ruggedly framed and conscientiously minded Scotch covenanters, and also of the persistent but more elastic

English. These \irile streams l)lended more freely under tlie freer air of America than on the parent soil of either race, and the product com- prised what was liest of either.

His educational advantages were exceedingly meagre. When six years old lie l)cgan attending a little stone schoolhouse ne^yly a mile

from his home, and here were spent all his school days except during a period of three months when he attended a somewhat more pretentious school aixjut two miles distant. But the curriculum afforded by either went little if any l^eyond the rudimentary branches, or, as they have been called, "the three R"s—readin". Vitin", and 'rithmetic." But

the young student was ambitious, and he made the best possible use of 772 COMPENDIUM Ol' HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

such advantages as were afforded !iim. lie liad oilier advantages,

however. His home contained a small Imt carefully selected stock of

books, and liis parents afforded him the aid of their knowledge and

encouragement, and he studied at home, so that he eventually acquired

a broatier education than \\:is attained l)y the generality of the young

people f)f that time in that region. .\nd so. under the tender watchcare

of his parents, was young Crozer reared and in greater part educatefl,

and so was his character formed. And, also in his boyhood, when he

was but fourteeil years of age. he j^rofessed religion under the minis-

trations of the Rev. Dr. Staughton. of rhil.idclphia, of whose church

(the First Baptist) he became a member, and from that day through-

out his life he was the sincere Christian, free from fault and exemplary

in all things.

I'^rom his early lK)yhood lie had been accustomed to perform such

share of the farm labor as his strength- would ;ulniit, and when he was seventeen years of age the care of its management was devolved almost

entirely upon him. On his coming of age. his father, in consideration of his i)revious ser\ice. gave him a one-third interest in the profits. But

this arrangement was not of long continuance. Two years later (in

1816) his father died, and his mother survived her l>ereavement only

one year. Young Crozer was ncnv twenty-four years old. He was de-

sirous of keeping the farm, but finding this impracticable he leased it,

pending the sale, and (in 1820) made a journey as far westward as

Illinois, making the distance there and back, alwiut two thousand seven hundred miles, almost entirely on horseback, and occupying a period of about seven months. On his return he found that the farm had been sold. His share amounted to about $2,400. and this, added to his .savings, made him alwut $3,400 as his capital upon which to really begin life. OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 773

ITis first venture in business was operating a saw and grist mill

at Leii)ers\ille. Delaware county, in partnership with its owner, Judge

C;. CI. Lciper. wlm was liis ])artncr in the business. The two contributed

an e(|ua1 anmunl df ca])ilal, and Mr. Crozer set off his personal services

against Mr. Leincr's rent account for the u.se of tlie mill. Somewhat

later this ])artncrshi]) was dissolved, ami he engaged in cotton manu-

facturing in Leipcr's mill on lirown creek. At the beginning the busi-

ness was small, hut it de\eloped gradually, and soon into great pro-

]>ortions under the masterly direction of Mr. Crozer, who now assumed

its entire direction.

In I.S.25 Mr. C'ri/cr bought the Mattson paper mill, on the west

branch of Chester creek, which he altered and to which he removed his cotton ni.achincry. In 1S45 the noted old Chester mills, whicli provided

foodstuffs for the patriot armv during the Revolutionary war, were

brought to sale in the orphans' court, and were sold to John W'. Ash-

mead, who sold them, together with a land tract of upwards of sixty acres, to Mr. Crozer. The next year Mr. Crozer built on the Chester mills grounds the cotton mill known as No. i, a stone structure of five

stories, one hundred ;uid thirty-eight feet long by fifty feet wide, and

also a number of stone dwellings for the workmen. In 1847 the factory conl.iined one hundred and fifty i^iwcr lo

Mr. Crozer built mill Xo. 2, somewhat larger than No. i, and containing one hundred and fifty looms and seven thousand spindles. In

1863 he creeled mill Xo. 3, two hundred and twenty-two feet by fifty-

two feet, four stories in height, and containing one hundred and fifty

looms ;md si.x thousand spindles. These combined mills would work

up ninety bales of cotton weekly, and their producing capacity was

eighty-two cases of goods weekly. .After the death of Mr. Crozer, in —

774 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

iS6C\ the mills were divided among his sons, Samuel A. Crozer taking

No. 2, and Nos. i and 3 being operated by the three other brothers

T. Lewis, George K. and Rnlicrt 11. Crozer—under the firm name of

J. r. Crozer's Sons.

While Mr. Crozer was thus imilding uj) a gigantic industrial and mercantile establishment—a monument to his own sagacity, industry and enterprise and a hn(Mi to his fellow men who derived their support from the cmplovment he afforded them,—he was also extending his tireless energies into fields which were to pro\-c as fruitful in moral and .social ways as that was in material ways. .\nd here he was to have as helpmeet a noble Christian woman animated by sentiments entirely in harmony with his own.

Mr. Crozer was married, March 12, 1825, to Miss Sallie L.

Knowles, the daughter of James Knowles, who iiad been neighbor of his parents. She was a woman of such disposition as was his own mother, and was highly educated. Mr. and Mrs. Crozer made their home at West Branch until .\])ril 19, 1847, when they removed to the

Flower estate, about two miles from Chester, wliicli Mr. Crozer had purchased in 1845. and to which he gave the name of Upland. Here he erected a splendid mansion which became noted as a seat of culture, hospitality and benevolence. Tt witnessed, in all probability, an intercourse between husband and wife, the inception of each one of the many benevolent and charitable enterprises which its master instituted.

Among the earlier of these was school establishment. Upland was without a school until 1849, ^"^^ ^^'^ children in the neighlx>rhood were obliged to go considerable distances to the schools at Sneath's Corner, or Cartertown. In the winter season, the roads were frequently in such bad condition that children were unable to attend for days at a time.

In the year named Mr. Crozer erected a school building entirely at his OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 775

nwn expense, rind this was used I)v tlie directors for a period of nine years, and until larf^^er Inn'ldinjjs were provided at public expense.

Mr. Crozer was founder of church as well as school at Upland.

.'\s has been stated, he was a Baptist in religion, and he provided for religious .services in a building adjoining his factory. In 185 1 he began the erection of a church edifice, and this was completed Novem- ber 17, T852. when it was publicly recognized as a Baptist house of worshi]), se\eral iironiincnt clergymen of tliat denomination taking part in tlie ceremonies. In 1860 an addition was built, and in 1873 a further enlargement was made at a cost of fourteen thousand dollars.

In 1855 Mr. Crozer built a substantial brick parsonage. From its beginning the church ])crf()rnu'd a highly useful work, and frcmi it has grown fiiur other churches in the neiglilxirhood as ix>pulati()n has increased friini time to time.

In i8;7 Air. Crozer. ever interested in education, entered upon the work of establishing a normal school, and to this end he exi)ended fcirtv-five thousand dollars in the erection of what is the main building of tlie present Crozer Theological Seminary. In the following year it was opened as a high-grade academy, and was continued as such until the breaking out of the Civil war, which closed .so many institutions of learning. P>ut during that tremendous conflict, the academy building, as it was then known, served a most useful purpose. In- tensely patriotic and tenderly bumaiie, Mr. Crozer was among the first to urge the organization of that beneficent organization known as the

Christian Commission, and be. with Mr. George H. Stuart, represented (he citv of riiiladeliibi.i in the meeting in New York City, on

November 14, iSoi, when that Ixuly bad its origin. The summer of iSfij found the land deluged in blood, every train and vessel from the southern states bringing northward its burden of wounded soldiers. In 77C COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY this extremity Mr. Crozer tendered to the government the use of the academy building free of expense, conditioning only that the property

should come hack to him in as good order as when it left his control.

The offer was accepted, necessary interior changes were made, and on

June i8, 1862. the building was opened as a hospital. On the same day the ladies of Upland and neighlwrhood formed the Soldiers' Re- lief Association, of which Mrs. Samuel A. Crozer was the first directress, Mrs, J. Lewis Crozer assistant secretary and Mrs. John Crozer treasurer; the lady last named was the wife of Mr. Crozer, and the two others were his daughtcrs-in-Iaw. The other nflicers were Mrs.

Abhy Kcrlin. assistant directress, and Mrs. Samuel .\rthur, secretary.

For some time the hospital patients were supplied entirely by this association with th(\'^e delicacies which were so well suited to their condition. The hospital contained a thousand beds, and also afforded accommndritinns for about three hundred niu'ses, attendants and guards.

The patients were almo.st exclusively Union soldiers until after the battle of Gettysburg, in July, 1863, when the great numlier of wounded and sick left by Cencral Lee made it necessary for particular provision for the Confederates, and the Chester Hospital was designated for that purpose. During the war more than six thonsand patients were provided for. When peace was restored in 1863. the building was re- possessed by Mr. Crozer, who leased it to Colonel Theodore Hyatt.

Mr. Crozer closed his remarkably useful and eventful life on

March 11. 1866. and his death was deplored as a personal bereavement by the entire community, while throughout the state the press and. associational todies gave expression to the common grief at the passing away of one who was loved and revered as a model Christian gentleman and public benefactor. Shortly afterward his widow and children, as a memorial to the husband and father, set apart the academy OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 777 land and hnildinp for a particular educational purpose, to be known as the Crozer Theological Seminary, placing it under Baptist control, and the formal dedication took place Octol>er 2, l868. The Theo- logical department of the Lewisburg University was removed here and added to it. Mrs. CrDzer died August 3, 1882, aged eighty-two years, leaving a lieautiful memory for her loveliness of character and her count- less benefactions.. In the year of her decease, her children devoted fifty thousand dollars to the eTidowment of a professorship as a memorial to her. The family name is further associated with the Seminary in the beautiful building known as Pearl Hall, founded by Mr. William Buck- ncll in memory of his deceased wife, who was a daughter of Mr. and

Mrs. Crozer: her name was Margaret, of 'which Pearl is the I^atin

equivalent. .\t i later day Mr. Bucknell gave a sum of ten thousand dollars for the i>urchase nf 1i(K>ks for the Pearl Hall Librarv, conditioned upon the iilirary hcintj perpetually free to the young men of Delaware count}-.

To Mr. and Mrs. John P. Crozer were born nine children : Sam- uel A.; Margaret who l)ecame the wife of Mr. William Bucknell, and who died in March. 1870; Elizabeth: J. Lewis; Sallie K., who died

in August, 1852; James, who died October 2^, 1838; George K. : Robert

H. ; and Emma Crozer.

SAMUEL .\LI)KICH CROZER.

Samuel AUlrich Crozer. eldest son of John Price and Sallie L.

(Knowles) Crozer, was Ixirn at West Branch, Aston township, Dela- ware county. December 25. 1825. There, the year before, his father had purchased the old Mattson paper mill, then dilapidated, which he had changed into a cotton mill, giving to the locality the name "West 778 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Branch." fnim its situation on tlie west hiaiicli of Cliester creek, and

there he laid the foundation of tlie enormous fortune he subsequently

acquired. The son received his primary education in the country school

in the neighborhood, but in his home life he was peculiarly fortunate,

for his mother was a cultured, refined, gentle woman, the inlluence of

whose teachings and example exerted an inlluence that has continudl

throughout all his well-rounded useful career as a business man and

exemplary citizen. His father, although denied the advantages of a

liberal education in youth, de\oted much of his spare time in ni;ui-

hood to reading and study of carefully selected instructive Ixioks. The

tliary which John P. Crozer kept during a large part of his life indi-

cates the thoroughness with which he pursued these xnlunies. which gave

to him precision in expression, and a forceful, easy style in writing.

Hence the atmosphere of Samuel .\. Crozer's early life was conducive

to the u])buil(ling and development of a well-rounded, strong character

in the lad who was reared amid such environments.

W'lien of an age to leave home, he was placed at a boarding school

at Wilmington. Delaware, and later was sent to a similar institution in

Philadelphia. In February. 1843, when Samuel .\. Crozcr was but a

few weeks over seventeen, his father was thrown from a sleigh, re-

sulting in a fracture of the thigh. In the emergency occasioned by

that accident, the lad was summoned home and given charge of the

financial and office dqiartment of the manufacturing business conducted

by his father, which by that time had grown to enormous proportions.

With such ability had the son discharged the duties so unexi)ectedly

cast upon him that his father, after his recovery from his injuries, con-

tinued Samuel in absolute control of that branch of the business.

In August of that year occurred the great Hood that will ever be

remembered in this section. The elder Crozer dispatched his son to OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 779

the West Branch mill to (iixect the operations there designed to save that establishment Irom total destruction, and, while tiiat was only par- tially accomplished, Samuel continued at his post, even when more than half the factory had been undermined by water and had fallen into the angry flood.

In 1845 John P. Crozer purchased the noted Chester mills, near

Upland, and began the erection there of a cotton factory, afterwards known as mill Xo. i. When the building was completed, to his son

Samuel was entrusted the entire supervision of placing the machinery, and in 1846, when the mill at Upland was started, Samuel had control and direction of this factory. Throughout the diary of John P. Crozer constant mention is made of his son. upon whose advice and assistance he frequently found he was unconsciously leaning. On January i, 1847, when Samuel .\. Crozer liad attained his majority, his father admitted him into partnershi]) in liie business, and the finn remained John P.

Crozer & Son until March 11. 1866, when, by the death of John P.

Crozer, the partnershii) terminated.

On June 14. 1854, Samuel A. Crozer married Miss Abigail Qieney, at Lowell. Massachusetts. Mrs. Crozer was a native of Manchester,

New Hampshire, descended from the sturdy Mayflower stock of the

Bay state. Not only was she widely known for her proficiency in music, but she was an accomplished linguist. A number of her translations from German authors have been printed, among which may be mentioned

Paul Heyse's "La Rabbiata" in her minor works, while in 1881 she published a translation of Otto Roquette's novel. "Conrad Hogen's Mis- takes." which was widely read. The profit from the sale of this book, which amounted to a considerable sum. was donated by Mrs. Crozer to the "Home for Destitute Children." For many years Mrs. Crozer conducted a singing school at L'pland, which, while open to all the 780 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

people (if the village, was fur a I'mg jieridd a feature of the local life of the borough. Mrs. Crozer, during the war nf the rehellinn, was president of the Soldiers' Ivehef Association of Delaware comity, and that

'ganizatiou of good women not only ministered to the needs df the wounded Union troops, hut cuntrihuted tn the relief of the Cdnfederale soldiers, in numhers amounting into the thons.ands, who were hronghl to the Crozer Military Hospital, now the Crozer Theological Seminary, vt Lapland, during that sanguinary struggle. Mrs. Crozer died July

21, 1890.

After the death of John V. Crozer, the three factories at Upland were di\ided among his sons. Srunuel A. Crozer at th.at time hegan business en his own account, which lie Ci inducted until 1S81, when his son, Ji)hn Price C rozer, was admitted into the firm, which I)ccamc

Samuel A. Crozer & Son, and still continues under that title. While

T'.lr. Crozer is identified with the history of Delaware county as a successful cntliin manufacturer, he h'lh large interests elsewhere, for instance, the Crozer Steel and Iron Company, f)f Roanoke, Virginia, the l'])land Coal Company, of Klklmrn. West Virginia, in all of which enterprises Samuel A. Crozer owns controlling interests. His real estate holdings arc large and exceedingly valuable, and are scattered in many

states, noticealily in Roanoke City. Virginia : in the business heart

"of Chicago; the Crozer building, on Chestnut street. Philadelphia; and in Delaware county, particularly in the borough of Upland and the city of Chester.

In the jihilanthropic and religious field of activity, Mr. Crozer has been exceedingly prominent. Tn 1863 he became the president of the National Baptist Convention for Missionary Purposes, for more thjn forty years he has been one of the managers of the Training

School for I-'eeble Minded Cliildren. at Elwyn, and for some years or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 781

lie lias l)ccn [ircsident nf tlic hoard, a position that liis father held at

the time of liis death. lie is president of the Baptist Publication So-

ciet_\', located in Philadelphia, and for more than fortv vears he has

heen one of the managers of the Deaf and Uunih Asylum in Phila-

del])hia. Since the Crozer family endowed the Crozer Theological

Seminruy in 1868 as a sc1uk>I for training clergymen for the Baptist

ministry. Mr. Crozer has been the president of the hoard of trustees.

He is a manager in a number of Baptist missionary and other organ-

izations.

.\t his personal cnsl, Mr. Crozer erected the South Chester Ba])-

tist church, the Lcipcrs\ille Baptist church, and recently built the

new Emanuel Bai)tist church at b'iftcenth and Potter streets. Chester.

as a memorial to his wife. lie has heen a liberal c(jntribut(jr to the

Chester Hosjjital, the Chester h'ree Library and Pennsylvania Hospital,

and similar nrganizations. and gave Crozer Park, a tract of thirty-live

acres, to the city of Chester.

While Mr. Crozer does not claim to be a pulilic speaker, on several occasions he has dcli\ered addresses that .ire valuable contributions to

the local history of Delaware county. particularl\- his address before the Dclaw.'uc C^nnty Historical Society, at Upland. June 22. 1899.

(fully reported in the proceedings of the organization) on "The Early

Manufactures and Manufacturers of Delaware County." and his his-

torical address at the semi-centennial of Upland Baptist church. Mr.

Crozer is also an extensive traveler, having visited almost every sec-

tion of the globe, with the exception of China. Japan, and India, and

in so doing has crossed the .\tlantic nearly eighty times.

To the m.irriage of Sanuiel A. and .\l)igail Crozer were born six chililreii, John P. Crozer; Samuel A. Crozer. Jr.. who died at Seine 782 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Port, France: Edward Cnizer; Sallie K. Crozer, who married tlie late

William H. Robinson; Margaret Crozer, who married Caleb Fox; and

Mary Crozer, who married Lewis R. Page.

HON. JOHN B. STEEL.

Hon. John B. Steel, of Greensburg. Pennsylvania, first president

judge of the Separate Orphans' court of Westmoreland county, is the

eldest son of William and Sar.ili jane ( Brown) Steel, Ix)rn February i".

1861, on the Hannastinvn l-'arm, the seat of the famous Hannastown

burned by the Indians in i/"-'. Hempfiekl township, Westmoreland

county, Pennsylvania.

Judge Steel came fmm lliat sturdy Scotch-Irish race that has done

so much for the cause of liberty and tiic development of the country,

being Scotch-Irish in every line of his ancestry. His great-grandfather.

James Steel, was lx)rn in Castle Blaney, near Carrick Macross, Ireland,

alx>ut 1 74 1, emigrated to America after the Steel Boy Insurrection

(1772), stopped on the eastern side of tiie mountains at that Scotch-

Irish hive in Cumljerland. now Franklin county, and moved westward

al)out 1773, settling on land in Sewickley Manor, now Mt. Pleasant

township, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, about the time of the

formation of Westmoreland county. Here he lx)ught land from the

Penns and became an important landowner in his day of land that is now

in the Connellsville coking coal region. Four hundred acres of the land

bought by him' has been passed down through his descendants and is

now owned by liis great-grandson. Joseph W. Steel. True to the char-

acteristics of his race he became an agitator for freedom, was a mem-

ber of the Mt. Pleasant Associators formed to protect this western coun-

try, was three years in the Revolutionary army, took the oath of allegiance

OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 786

of rc(|iiirc(l 1)V all f(irci,<;n \>nn\ citizens, before Hugh Martin, a justice this county, March 3, 1777, and served with his brothers-in-law, Rob- ert and Andrew Donaldson, in the campaign in the Jerseys. He was married, first, t(j Elizabeth McMasters. a sister of James McMasters. who lived near his farm. I'.y this union he had two children, Joseph

Steel, intermarried with Barbara Blystone, Franklin township, this county, and Jane Steel intermarried with William Hunter, near what was then Louden villc. Richland county, Ohio. About the close of the

Revolutionarx- war James Steel was married to Elizaljeth Donaldson, said to have been his cousin, and by this union they had three children:

Elizabeth, born September 24, 1785, intermarried with .Alexander Ham- ilton, of what is now RufYsdale, Pennsylvania: James Steel Ixjrn on the day of the adoption of the United States constitution, September 17.

1787. intermarried with Martha McCutcheon, of I"ranklin township,

this cniintv; .iinl John Steel, the grandfather of the subject of thi< sketch, born April 7, 1781;, intermarried with his cousin, Martha Walker.

the daughter of Andrew and Sallie (Donaldson) Walker, of Virginia,

near Steubenville, Ohio. James Steel, the great-grandfather, died Sep-

tember 10, 1823, and was buried at the Middle Presbyterian church.

Mount Pleasant township, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania.

John Steel, the grandfather. acc[uired the old homestead in Mt.

Pleasant township, and in i8j6 purchased the Robert Hanna farm, on

w liicli was located Hannastown, the former county seat of Westmoreland

county, which then embraced all of western Pennsylvania This farm

became the homestead f.irm of John Steel, and is still in the possession

of his son, William Steel, the father of Judge Steel. To John Steel and

Martha Walker were born nme children: Sarah, intermarried with

Henry Dyers, Grapeville. Pennsylvania; Eliza, intermarried with Andrew

Machesney, of Greensburg, Pennsylvania; James, intermarried with 786 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Elizabetli Hanna, Pleasant I'liity, I'ennsylvania : Joseph \\ alker, inter-

married with Malinda Breclibill, of Greensburg. Pennsylvania ; John. intermarried with Snsan Geiger, Beatty. Pennsylvania: Margaret, intermarried with James M. Steel, her cousin, Salem township, West-

moreland county. Pennsylvani;', : Mary J., intermarried with Ilenrv T.

Hanna, of Smithton, Pennsylvania; Martha, intermarried with Major

David P. Mechiing, of Greensburg. Pennsylvania, and William Steel, intermarried with Sarah Jane Brown, of Hannastown. Pennsylvania.

All of these are now deceased, except Mary J. Hanna and William Steel.

John Steel, the grandfather, died May 22. i860. l)eing one of the foremost business men and largest landowners of his county He is buried

at the Congruity Presbyterian church. ,

William Steel, the father of Judge Steel, was Ixjrn Octol)er i. 1833, was married to Sarah J. Brown. .April 3. i860. He is a large owner of valuable real estate and coal land, has always been identified with farming and stock-raising interests of the county, was Westmoreland's pioneer in the rearing of Short-horn cattle and one of western Pennsyl- vania's foremost importers and breeders of pure bred draft horses. Will- iam and Sarah J. Steel are Ixith living at the Hannastown Farm in Salem and Hempfield townships, this county, and are the parents of the following named children: Hon. John B. Steel, Greensburg. Pennsylvania;

Mary Herron, intermarried with George Coleman, East End, Pittsburg,

Pennsylvania ; Eliza Martha, intermarried with Samuel C. Patterson,

near New .Alexandria. Pennsylvania : Agnes Beatty. intermarried with

George S. Barnhart. near Greensburg. Pennsylvania; Helen Milligan, intermarried with Samuel O. Hugus, near New Alexandria, Pennsyl- vania; Margaret Elder, intermarried with Samuel B. Moore, near La- trobe, Pennsylvania; Clara Malinda. unmarried, residing at home; Will- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 787

iam Oliver Steel, deceased; Joseph Walker Steel. Sarah Jane Steel

and Henrietta Marie Steel, unmarried and rcsitling w ith their parents.

On tile maternal side the ancestry of Judge Steel is also Scotch-

Irish ; they came from Scotland with numerous other Covenanters under

King James' confiscation -act. settling in county Donegal. Ireland.

Matthew Brown, the seventh grand-ancestor, was a captain in Colonel

George Walker's famous Derry Regiment, which rendered such valiant

services to the cause of civil and religious liherty at the siege of Lon-

donderry, and at tiic 1)aUle of the Boyne. His sword is still jjrescrved as a i)recious relic by Howard Brown and William Brown, his descendants in Pittsburg. His grandson, also Matthew Brown by name, left county Donegal with his family in 1774 and came to America in company with the Reverends Dobbin and Lynn, who afterwards founded an academy at Gettsyburg anfl taught the first abolition doctrine on the very field where ninety years after freedom received her crowning laurel. He settled at Green Castle. Franklin county, and was there

buried, leaving to survive him five children : David, the great-great-

grandfather of Judge Steel : John, intermarried with Catharine Foster, sister of Robbin Foster, of near New .Mexandria. Pennsylvania, moved to Sugar Creek township, Armstrong county, Pennsylvania: Andrew, of

Armstrong county. Pennsylvania; Samuel Brown, said to have moved to

Virginia; Mary, intermarried with James Watt, of Franklin county.

David Brown, the great-great-grandfather of Judge Steel was married to Margaret Oliver, whose mother was an Erskine of the House of

Erskine, Scotland: he purchased in 1802 the land now owned by John

Oliver Brown, his descendant, at the mouth of the White Thorn Run. near New .\le\andria. Pennsylvania. To them were born six children,

viz. : Mary, intermarried with Nathaniel Alexander, .Mlegheny town-

ship, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania : Thon>as Oliver Brown.

46 788 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

grand fallicr (if judge Steel; IClizabeth, intermarried witli 'I'lmnias (]ailey

Clarksburg, Pennsylvania: David, intermarried with Maria Beatty.

Salem township; Margaret, intermarried with John Coleman, Elder?

Ridge, Pennsylvania; James, intermarried with Margaret Elizabeth Wil-

son, of Salem township. On the death uf David Brnwn he was buried

in the N'ew Alexandria Covenanter clnuchyard, and his real estate be-

came tile ])r(iperty of Thomas Oliver Brown, grandfather (if Judge

Steel, and James Brown.

1"ii(imas Oliver lirown was married td Xancy Beattie Bmwn, a

daughter df Ivibert Beattie and Marth.i "Welsh" Beattie, and a grand-

daughter (if William Beattie, of Kunck Bracken, near Belfast, Ireland,

and came frum a family, several of whose members were banished for

])artici|)atiiin in tlic Irish reliellinn (if IJ';!^- I'o this union there were

Ixirn si.x children: Martha Welsh, intermarried with Majnr D. 1'. Mar-

shall, Arkan.sas, Kansas: David Oliver Bmwn, intermarried with Mary

Stewart, Saltshurg. Pennsylvania; Sarah Jane I'innvn. intermarried with

William Steel: Margaret Erskine. intermarried with John Elder, I'crry township, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania; Nancy A., intermarried

with Henry Seanor, of Winfiekl, Kansas; Mary Elizabeth, intermarried

with James ^bmroe. of Saltshurg, Pennsylvania. Thomas Oliver Brown

is buried in the Reformed Presbyterian churchyard at New Alexandria,

Pennsylvania. All of his children except Sarah Jane Steel and Mary

Elizabeth Monroe, are now deceased.

Judge Steel has never been married. He is distinctively a self-

made man, worked on the farm and attended district school and academy during his early life and later entered Geneva College as a classical student and graduated from that institution in 1885: read law with Judge James moreland county, August, 1888. opened an office for the practice of his

A. Hunter, was admitted to practice in the several courts of West- OF run STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 789

profession with Hon. W'clty McCiillnji^Ii. and nn the return of the latter

from Coiiijress in tlie sprine;' of 1SK9 tlie law firm of McCullogh &

Steel was formed, which continued until the death of Mr. McCullo.g^h six months later. lie afterw.ards continued the husiness of the firm at their former offices and at once sjirang into full practice at a bar composed of some of the leading le.gal minds of western Pennsylvania. Later he took into partncrshi]) with him H. Clay Beistel, who read law at Dick- inson Law School and in his office.

Judge Steel has always been a stanch Republican, and for many

}ears has been one of the leaders of his party: he was tlie chairman of the organization in 1894. was the candidate of the Republican party for president jud.ge of the court of common pleas in 1899. and was de- fcatefl bv one hundrcMl and seventy-one votes by the then present incumbent, Judge Doty, after a most desperate contest in whic'.i almost thirty thousand \otes were i)olled. He was put forward bv his county and section of the state as a candidate for congressman at large against Hon.

Galusha A. Grow, and was elected by the Republican state convention as a delegate at large to the national Republican convention that selected

McKinley aiul Roosevelt. On the creation of the separate Orphans' court judgeship in Westmoreland county in 1901. Judge Steel was a]>pointed on the jtith of ,\pril of that year as president judge of the

Se])arate Or])hans' court to fill said position: he was conceded the nomin-

ation by his part)' and was elected by ;i large majority at the November

following for the ten years' term lieginning first Monday of January.

1902. He is one of the trustees of the First Presbyterian church of

Greensburg, Pennsylvania. He has helped to organize and is director in a number of the leading banks of his county, is the owner of and interested in the dexelopment of coal in Washington and Westmoreland 790 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

counties, is one nf the directors of the John W. I'cillins Company, the fireenshnrg h'inance Coiniiaiiw the i'itlshurg & Sciullnvestern Coal Com- pany and is a large owner of farm and town properties.

WILLLAM SHALER JOHNSON.

W'ilham Slialer Jolmson, of Chester, Pennsylvania, litterateur, was horn in Mohoken, New Jersey, November 2},. 1836. He was the son of the lion. Kdwin Ferry Johnsmi. one of the earliest and most prominent railway engineers of the United States. His father was a descendant of the W'ohurn and .\ndover Johnsons of Massachusetts.

John John.son. the first in this country, came from Hern Hill, near Canterhtu'v, Kent county, England. He and his wife Susanna came o\'er with Cajjtain T-ldward Johnson, also of llcrn Hill, in (Gover- nor \\'inthrop's fleet in 1630. He settled in .\gawam, afterward Ips- wich, in iC)32, where his name ap])ears in the list of first settlers and land ])i'oprictors. When .\ndo\er was settled he removed to that town, rnid there his wife died in 1683, and he probably soon after. (2)

Timothy, son of John, was born in 1644, and died in 1688. In 1692 his widow was among the number of those accused of witchcraft, but acquitted. His bouse was raided by the Indians in 1698, and Penelope, a daughter of his l)n_)ther, Thomas Johnson, was killed by them at the age of nineteen. (3) Timothy, son of Timothy, was born in

1679, and died in 1771. He was a captain in the French and Indian war, nine years selectman of Andover, and three years a member of the geiieral court of Massachusetts. His son Timothy was also an officer, and died before Louisburg in 1746. His third son, Samuel, was colonel of the Fourth Massachusetts Regiment during the Revolution, was i)resent at the battle of Stillwater and the surrender of Burgoyne, OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 701

was tliree years rei>resentative in the general court, and after the war assisted in tiie quelling of Shay's rebellion. Samuel, his son, was a ca])lain in liis father's regiment, and promoted to major. (4) Asa, son nf Tininthy Ji\, was hnrn in 1716 and died in 1759. Of his six sons. James, Benjamin and William served in the army during the

Kcvdlutinn. James, with his cousins, John and Joshua, were of the

])arty of si.xtcen who cajitnred a British schooner in the Mystic river in May, 1775. William was a captain. His son, William (grandson of Asa), was a member of the Massachusetts legislature, both in house and senate. Benjamin served in Colonel Stickney's New Hampshire regiment, was at the battle of Bennington, and was commended by Gen- eral Stark for conduct and bravery.

Nineteen Andmer Johnsons served in the French and Indian and

Rcvnlutidnarv wars, of whom eleven were officers. The arms borne by the Johnsons of llcrn Hill are. however, very i)eaceful emblems.

'I'hev were granted to William Johnson, a bachelor of divinity, but

whether ;i churchni.m or. like his namesake, Samuel Johnson, a Puri-

tan, docs not api>ear. They are thus described : "Ar. a Chef az. betw. three piicons ru. On a chief of the second an open book representing the llolv Bible ppr., edged and sealed or, thereon inscril)ed Proverbs

last. chap. 22 ; verse (k l)etw. twp crosses flory of the Crest—a Pheon

;is in the arms surmounted by a star of eight points or." Peaceful em-

Iili'uis vnou.i;h, especially as the pheon, the only warlike sign, is reversed; but in the days of the English civil war the clergy on lx)th sides not seldom j(iinc

(5) Benjamin, son ol .\sa, was Ijorn in 1744, moved to Canter- bury. New Hampshire, and then to Limerick. Maine, where he died

in in 1832. (6) John Johnson, son of Benjamin, was born 1771 ; 792 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY married (ist) Rachel, daughter of Daniel and Eleanor Ferry, of Granby.

Massachusetts, and (21I) Lurinda, daughter of Colonel Ezra and Eliza- beth (Coan) Smith, of Vermont.

( The ancestors of the Ferry family were Huguenots. Three brothers cnme to this country sometime between 1650 and 1675, from

Holland. One settleil in New York, one in Connecticut and one in

Massachusetts. The son of the latter. Charles Ferry, lived in or near

Springfield. His son Xoah settled in Granby. then South Hadley.

Daniel, the second son of Noah, was born in 1742. His daughter

Rachel, married John Ji>hnson as abo\'e.)

John Johnson was by trade a millwright, and became a land-surveyor and designer of bridges, dams, mills, etc. He settled first in

Essex, Vermont, but removed to I'urlington in 1810. He furnished the government with valuable map? and information in the war of 1812-

15. and in the latter year was appointed United States commissioner for the settlement of claims growing out of the war. He was appointed a master in chancery by tiie judges of the supreme court of Vermont in 1813. and surveyor general of the state the same year, holding the latter position for ten years. He was selected by the commissioners under the treaty of Ghent to take charge of the survey of the northeastern Ijoundary, on the part of the United States government, in which he was engaged from 181 7 to 18 19. and his final report was the basis of the treaty. He died in 1842.

(7) Edwin Ferry Johnson, son of John and Rachel (Ferry)

Johnson, was born in Essex. Vermont, May 23. 1803. He took charge of his father's business and began land surveying in 18 17 at the age of fourteen; was on northeastern boundary survey with his father in

1818: aided his father in the reconstruction of the mill, and built a new dam at Hubbell's Falls. 1819: engaged with his father in furnishing OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 793

large quantities of lumljer to tlie Quelxic market, took a large raft of lumber from the Missisquoi river through the St. Johns, the Chambly

rapids. Lake St. Peter and tiie St. Lawrence, to Queljec, 1821 ; took charge of tlie mill at liuhbcirs l'"alls. made land surveys, kxjked after the farm, and devoted every spare h

Military .\cademy, Norwich. Vermont, 1H23; instructor in geometry and surveying, same. 1824: in Burlington, studied practical mechanics, drilled com))any to act as escort to General Lafayette, made mineralogical tour of Lake Champl.iin. 1825; instructor in civil engineering, mathematics and tactics. Military Academy (then located at Middletown,

Connecticut). 1826-1827: comm.mdant same. 1828: engaged in survey of land lines Erie and Ciiamplain canals, advocated the railway, outlined the course of a great western railroad (the basis of the Erie road afterward built). 1829: assistant engineer Catskill and Canajoharie railroad. 1831: resident engineer same, 1831-1832; resident engineer Chenango canal. 1833: resident engineer Utica and Schenectady railroad. 1834: chief engineer Auburn and Syracuse railroad, 1835: same New York and Erie railroad, 1837; same Ogdensburg and Cham- plain railroad, 1838: presi

Jersey, 1839: chief engineer New York and Albany railroad, 1840; same Syracuse and Oswego, 1846; same New York and Boston railroad. 1847; examined the ground and prepared and published plans for the Vermont and Canada railroad and the St. Lawrence and Cham- plain canal, 1848; appointed chief engineer Rock River Valley Union railroad (Illinois and Wisconsin), completed first practical essay on

Northern Pacific railroad, 1850; chief engineer Illinois and Wis- consin railroad. 1852: published his work entitled "Railway to the Pacific, Northern Route," 1854; superintended surveys for Os-

wego and Troy railroad, 1S54; organized, with others, the Central Bank, 794 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Micklletown, Connecticut, 1851; mayor of Middlctnwn, 1856; state senator, 1857; president and treasurer Shalcr and Hall Quarry ("n..

1858-1866; called to Washington to consult on plans for prosecution of war. ofifered rank of major general and command in sr)utlnvest, de-

clined : offered position as assistant secretary nf war, declined: requested by war dc]iartment" to jiut in writing his plan for prosecution of war and did sn (this was afterward pirated by one who had access tn the files of the department: it contained the outline of the

"March to the Sea"). 1862; furnished the war department with plans for coast clefense. 1863; made surveys for m;irine railway around

Niagara Falls, and was in Washington in the interest of the Panama

Ship Canal, 1865-1866; chief engineer Northern Pacific railroad, 1866; consulting engineer Lake Ontario Shore railroad. 1868; consulting engineer Northern Pacific railroad. 1871. until his death in 1872. Had he lived five years longer he would have .seen tlic metals laid upun practically his own lines from the Atlantic to the Pacific. He employed iiis leisiuT in the preparation and publication of numerous professional, scientific, philosophical and political papers and contributions to reviews and journals. He was a trustee of Norwich University from 1834 to

1846. and the degree of A. M. was conferred upon him by his alma mater and by the University of Vermont. In addition to his professional reports and works Mr. Johnson published the following: ".\ Treatise on Surveying": "Journal of March of Cadets to Plattsburgh, to Wash-

ington, to Niagara" : "The Newellian Sphere" : "Land Surveys" ; "A

Project for a Great Western Railway, New York to the Mississippi

Valley," 1829: "Method of Conducting Canal Surveys": "The Epicy-

cloid" ; "Cubical Quantities. Railroad and Canal" : "Mountains of New

York" : "Tables of Quantities for Tracing Railroad Curves" ; "Rail- road System of New York": "Gauge of Railways": "Railroad to the ;

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 795

Pacific. Xnrtliern Route. Clcneral Characteristics. Relative Merits, etc." with illustrations and apprnximatc profile, 1850; "General Plan of Mili- tary Operations. Civil War," t)y request of secretary of war: "Re- port on Northeastern Coast Defense," to the secretary of war: "Caesar's

Bridge": "Ship Canal and Marine Railway"; "First Meridian": "Words

for the People" : "The Reciprocity Treaty" ; "Navigation of the Lakes"

"Niagara": "Water Supply of New York": "Transcontinental Rail- ways"; "Historical Sketcli of Early Norse Settlements and the New- port Tower"; "Banking and Currency." etc.

He married Cliarlotte Shaler. daughter of Nathaniel Shaler. merchant, of New York, and Middletown. Thomas Shaler came to this country from Stratford-on-Avon, England, about 1660. He was one of tlie first proprietors of Iladdam, Connecticut, where he is mentioned in 1662 as one of a party of twenty-eight men from Hartford, Windsor and Wethersfield wIkt l>egan a settlement there. His wife was Alice

Brooks, widow of Thomas Brooks and daughter of Garrard Spencer.

(Garrard Spencer, son of Jarrard Spencer, was born in England, came to this country in 1634, and settled in Cambridge, then Nevve

Towne. Mas.sachusetts. Removed to Lynn. 1636: was granted the

"fferr\'" there, and was ensign of train hands. 1638: removed to Had- dam about 1660: was deputy to tlie general court at Hartford. 1674,

1678. 1679, 1680 and 1683 and to the special session of same 1675; died in 1685.)

(2) Al)el Shaler. son of Tliomas, Ixirn i'')73. died 1744. (3)

Reuben Shaler. son of y\l)el, was born in Haddam. 171 1 : was a ship-

master and owner; removed to Middletown. Connecticut, in 1741 ; married Abigail Stow in 1741. (John Stow came probably from Maidstone or Cranbrook. Kent county, England, with liis wife and six cliildren. in 1634, and settled )

79G COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

in Roxbury, Massachusetts. He and his son Tliomas joined tlic Ancient

and TTonoral)1e Artillery Company of Massachusetts in 1638. lie repre-

sented Roxbury in the general coiut, i'')39: sold his property in Roxbury

and removed to Concord in 1648. and died there. Rev. John F.liot says

of F.lizabeth Stow, his wife, that she was a godly matron, ;i lilossincf to

her f.amilv and to the church. Thomas Stow, son of Jdhn, huni in I'.ntj-

land, 1617, came to this country with his father .and |)receded him a few

years in Concord. Tie moxed to Middletown (Up])er TTouses. now

Cromwell). Connecticut, 1669. Thomas Stow, son of Tliomas, was

lx)rn in CUncord, 1630; removed with his father to .Middletown. 1669;

was m.ade ensign "of the nortli company or tr.ain hand on the sonth side

the ferrv ri\cr in the town of Middletown," 1717: commissioned

lieutenant in the third comp.any in the town of Middletown. i/-',^; died

in 1730. He married Bethia Hopkins Stocking, granddaughter of George

Stocking, a man of good f;unily from the west of England, who came

o\er with his family in or .about 1^)30. Samuel Stow, son of Thomas

2(1. anil Bethia (Stocking) Stow, bom 1681, died 1741. lie was

the father of .Abigail Stow, who married Captain Reul>en Shaler.

The Shalers. like many other inhabitants of Iladdam, were a family

of sailors, "long voyage men" as they were called then and later. Thomas

Shaler was a sailor, and his grandson Reuben followed the sea. Captain

Shaler, as he was called in Middletown. accumulated quite a good

property, for those tiiues. before his death. He sailed on his last voyage

in 1749. was spoken in the (iulf of Mexico during a hard gale, and

never heard of afterwards. The house and .about an acre of ground

which he owned in Middletown were in the jiossession of the family

for 127 years. The house is still standing, being now about 170 ye.irs

old. Mrs. Shaler's married life was short. la>ting hut eight years. No

certain news of her lost sailor husband ever reached her. Day after OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 797

(I.ay she is said to have sat in tlie doorway with her spinning wheel,

waitino; and watcliinjj fnr liis return. Captain Reuhen Shaler left two sons— Reuhen, who died in 1765, an

Edwin F. Johnson and

(4) Natlianiel Slialcr, son of Reul)cn, was liorn in 1747. "Curi- ously enough," as Mr. Macdonough says in his article on Mr. Shaler.

"the only description we liave of Mr. Shaler is left us by John Adams,

second President of the United States. In June, 1771, Mr. Adams

visited Midclletown on his way through to New York and W'asliing-

ton, and stayed at the iiouse of Mrs. Shaler. Nathaniel's mother. He

mentions that she "has an only son, and she is very fond and very proud

of him. lie li\cs with a merchant: is now twenty-five or twenty-six

and contents himself still to l

inclination to set up for himself; is a great proficient in music, plays

upon the Hute. fife, harpsichord, spinet, etc.: associates with the young " and the gay, and is a very fine Connecticut young gentleman.'

In another place Mr. Adams notices the reserve of the Widow

Shaler and her son. It is evident that he only saw one side of Mr.

Shaler's character. Even then he had business interebts of his own.

and when be died be left, for those times, a fair fortune. He seems to

have bad military a.spirations. In 1774 he was commissioned lieutenant

in the Third Com]iany. Sixth Regiment, Light Infantry of the Colony,

and in May, 177^1, was made cajitain. He was throughout his life,

however, a stanch loyalist, and when bis company was ordered to New

York for active service against the King, flatly refused to go. For this

he was arrested, taken l)efore the general assembly, and after trial,

deprived of his command, dekarred from holding any civil or military

position thereafter, and obliged to pay the cost of bis trial. Then he

gathered together bis movable possessions, placed them and himself 798 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

alx)ard a ship, and left the country, to whicli he (Hd not return until after the Revolution. Of this incident he thus writes to a friend: "In the winter of 1777 I sailed in a Brigg from Brantford Ixiund for St.

Croix, hut to my \ery great misfortune was taken ;uid carried into St.

Christopher, and my i)roperty in her lost, and 1 did not return to my

native ])]ace. Middletown. until llic fall of 17S3. when 1 stayed hut a few davs. and have not from the time 1 left it in 1777 pretended to make it my place of residence. Until August, 1785, I hardly called on any person whatever among my numerous dehtors for any kind of settlement. In diat year I stayed ahout six weeks in Middletown on that business." From 1783 to 1790 he was in New York, where he entered into a husiness ])artncrship with Jacob Sebor and Frederick W. Geyser,

lie m.arried. in 1773. H.nnnah. daughter of Rowland .\llen. She .and her child died in 1775. lie married (2d) Lucretia .\nn. eldest daughter of William ;md Sarah ( Hawxhurst) Denning.

(The Dcnnings came jirohably from Devonshire. Knglantl : at least there are still :i number of that name in the old country. Many of them seem to have emigrated to the Island of Antigua. William Denning came from that island to New York about 1760. He seems from his coming to have taken a prominent position in the infant city in business, politics and socially. He entered the mercantile house of which Wm.

Hawxhurst was the head, but in 1765 seems to have been in business for himself, as he styles himself "merchant." Mr. Macdonough says that "his well known views on the rights of the colonies and his open sympathv with the principles advocated 1j\' them caused him to be identified with the very first concerted movement in behalf of liberty." He was elected one of the committee of sixty to carry out the purpcse of the association of 1774 as to non-importation and non-consumption of all articles supplied by English markets. In 1775 he was elected a mem- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 799

l)er of tlie ccjiiiniittee of one hundred wliicli superseded the former, and was acti\e on both committees. He was a member of the New York

Provincial Congress in 1775. This year the city was divided into

"beats," or (hstricts, and a military company was formed for the protection of each. Mr. l^enning received a commission as second lieutenant of the i5tli Beat Company of "Independents." He represented the city and county of Xew York in the second and third New York

Provincial Congress and was a member of the committee of safety.

He had acted as one of the auditors in the settlement of the accounts of

Xew York and to make distinction Ijetween provincial and continental charges; was on tlie marine committee, and appointed by the Continental

Congress one of the tinec commissioners to settle the accounts of the arm\- under Wasliingtijii in New York and Xew Jersey. I77'''-I777; was one of the fnur conimissiDners to meet, at the joint conventi(>n at

Xew Ha\en. tlie commissioners from Xew Hampshire. Massachusetts.

Rhode Island. Connecticut. Xew Jersey. Pennsylvania and Delaware, to consider and regulate the industrial interests of the country, the convention having been called at tlic suggestion of Congress, and was appointed by Congress one of the commissioners of accounts of the board of treasury. 1778. The latter position he held until 1779, when Congress apixiinted him one of the commissioners of the board of treasury, which he held until Seiitember. 1781. when Mr. Morris took charge. In 1782

Mr. Denning was .ippointed commissioner of accounts of the quarter- master's department. These accounts had been allowed to accinnulate for six years, and. with the fluctuations in the value of currency and other com])lications. reqirired infinite patience and more than ordinary ability. In 1784, Mr. Morris resigning the control of the treasury, Con- gress re-established the lK)ard of treasury and elected Mr. Denning a meml)er; which he declined, being at the time a member of the New 800 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .1X1) GENEALOGY

York general asseiiilily. Before the Ivevolutidu Mr. Denning resided in

Wall street but at tlie I^reaking out of tlie war lie moved his family to a house he had purchased a few miles hack of Newburgh. wliicli lie called

Salisburgh, and where General and Mrs. Washington, Lafayette and

Alexander and Mrs. Haniiltdii were frc(|ucnt and welcome visitors.

After the war he returned to the city, residing at ,^41 I'.rnadway, where in 1819 he died, and was buried in St. Paul churchyard. Mr. Denning married twice, (ist) Sarali, daughter of William and .\niiie Hawxhurst, in T765: and (2) Amy, youngest sister of tlic above and widow of

I'hineas Mcintosh, merchant. I.ncretia .\iin, the eldest child of his first wife, married Nathaniel Shaler. .\notlier daughter married Will- iam Henderson, of New "^'ork. Of the children of his second wife.

Amy married James Gillespie, merchant; Hannah married William

Duer. .son of Colonel William Duer. In one of his letters Mr. Denning writes: "In the gloomy part of our revolution. General Washington told myself and Judge Fell that all would end well; we should beat our enemy, but God only knew how." This trust was perhaps the great secret of Washington's serene confidence in the darkest hours.)

As Mr. Shaler was a Tory and Mr. Denning a stanch Whig, it would not have been strange had the "course of true love" run a little rough, especially as the wooing took place so soon after the Revolution, when the bitter feelings engendered by the war could not ha\e subsided to any great extent. "Mr. Shaler's estimable c|ualities and the fact that his sentiments had not led him to take an active part in the war, removed whatever objection there might have been on Mr. Denning's part, and his letters to his daughter after her marriage contain many expressions of respect and esteem for her husband." It may \k added that these same estimable qualities affected others, and Mr. Shaler was received very kindly on his return to this country, after the war, by his old Whig OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 801

friends. He had many and varied inisiness interests in Middletowii. and lic'ld nuicb lerd estate at tlie time of liis deatli. and, as lias l)cen said, left a fair fnrtnne. lie died in 1S17. two years before his father- in-law, Mr. Denning.

Of Mr. Shaler's children. Ch.arles. liorn in 17S9, who graduated at rniiiu College in iSij. mo\ed shortly after to Pittsburg, Pennsyl-

\ania. where he resided for o\er half a century. He was an eminent lawyer and jurist and a man of ])rominence in the state of his adoption and in national affairs. He died in icSGy. Lucy, born in 1790, married Lieutenant (^afterw ards Commodore) McDonough, whose victory o\er a superior iMiglish lleet in the battle of T'lattsburgh Bay, I^ke

Chanii>]ain, September 11, 1814, was the turning point in the war of iSiJ, and in its results ])robably the most imixirtant action of that war.

October 9, 1814. Mr. William Denning wrote as follows: "Captain

McDonough is probably with you at this moment. His country will bear him in res])ectful remembrance, and I most sincerely do. We have already been ac(|uainted and he was on my list of modest, unassuming, worthy men. Tell him he has much to encounter in the universal ap- l)lause of his countrv. but he must submit because he has brought it upon himself." Aside from the fact tiiat the victory on Lake Champlain not only destroyed the Britisli control of the lake, and checked and turned back the march of a strong and well disciplined and well provided army by the only route of invasi

Donough. The English government wrote to the Duke of Wellington 802 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

for adxice. who in answer wrt>te "I confess tliat 1 think you have no

right, from tlie state of tlie war. to demand any concession of territory

from America * * * from particular circumstances, such as the

zi'ant of the naral superiority ou tlie lakes, you liave not been able to

carry it into the enemy's territory * * * and have not e\en cleared

your own territory on the point of attack. You cannot tlien. on any

principle of equality in negotiation, claim accession of territory." The

government took his advice.

(James McDonough. the ancestor of tlie Delaware line, was the

son of Thomas and Jane (Coyle) McDonough. He was horn in the

district known as Salmon Leap, on the ri\cr Lififey. county Kildare.

Ireland. an

He settled in St. George's Hundred, New Castle county. Delaware, at

the place then called the Trap, but to wliich the name McDonough was

afterward given. James was a man of considerable means and is sa\(\

to have Ijeen a physician, a man of education and of importance in the

county. When the Revolutionary war broke out he was sixty-four years

old, but he armed his two .sons, Thomas and James, and sent them to

the front. James died in the service, but Thomas returned after a period

of honorable service. James, the elder, died in 1792 at the age of eighty.

Thomas, son of James, the father of the commodore, was born in 1747.

He was educated as a physician. March 20, 1776, he was appointed

major in the Delaware Battalion. He served actively until 1777, when

the battalion was disbanded and he was honorably discharged. He

was as once appointed colonel of the new battalion being raised, but for

family and business reasons declined. He also served as one of the

judges of the court of common pleas of tlie State of Delaware.)

Another daughter of Nathaniel Shaler married Lieutenant H. B.

Sawyer, of the navy, and still another the Rev. Edward Rutledge, of OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 803

South Carolina. His daughter Charlotte married the Hon. Edwin

Ferry Johnson.

(Vni) William Shaler Johnson, son of Edwin Ferry and Char- lotte (Shaler) Johnson, was born, as noted, in 1836. He received his early education in private schools and was fitted for college at the academy in Burlington, Vermont. He was with his father in the survey of the Middletown and Berlin Branch Railroad in 1848. and the Rock

River Valley Union Railroad in W^isconsin. in 1851. He entered the

University of Vermont in 1854. in the class of '58, but left at the end of his sophomore year with the intention of entering Yale, an intention w hicii. lio\\e\ cr. he did nui carry out. From 1858 to 1862 he was in the employ of the Shaler and Hall Quarry Company, of Portland, Connecti- cut, as clerk, Ixiokkeeper and agent. In the latter year he made application for an appointment in the signal corps of the army, hut at the time it was not a separate organization, its members being taken from tiie commissioned, non-commissioned and privates of the army. When it was organized as a separate corps he went to Washington and passed the necessary examinations successfully, but family reasons made his presence at home necessary and his name was withdrawn, greatly to his disappointment. He was assistant engineer on the Lake Ontario

Shore Line Railroad in 1867-1868; assistant engineer Northern Pacific

Railroad, 1868-1870: resident engineer Northern Pacific Railroad, 1870-

1872. His father's death at this time recalled him to his Ifome. and from that time until 1876 he was employed in land-surveying and man-

aging his father's estate. He was a teacher from 1876 to 1878 ; cciiiorial writer, "Chester Evening News," 1877-1879; editor and reix)rter, etc., same, 1879-1882; editor of "Hartford Herald" and other papers, 1883-

1885; suiJerintendent Chester Water Works, 1S85-1889; secretary and treasurer of the Steel Castings Manufacturers' Association,, 1893-1896, 804 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AXD GENEALOGY

wlien it was dissolved liy mutual consent; journalist, writer and ac- countant. i8 imc of tlic incor]ioratiirs of the Ches- ter Free Lihrary, and a charter nienil)er of the Delaware County His- torical Society. He has hecn a nicniher and lay-reader of Saint 1 'aid's church since he came to the city in 187O. and since 1K88 its senior warden. He has at different times in his life heen offered pul^lic position. l)ut has declined, e.\ce])t in the case of the hoard of education, of which he was a niemher from 1896 to 1900. He has furnislicd many papers of interest and value to the organizations with which he has heen associated, antl has written largely on scientific, historical and hy- gienic subjects.

In 1869, while connected with the Xnrthcrn i'acific Railniad, he was detailed to assist in the general reconnaissance of the mnuntain passes, as geologist inidcr Colonel W. Milnor Uoberts, one of the most noted engineers of the day. .'\t the close of the reconnaissance, Sep- " * tember 9, lSC^<). Colnncl Roberts wrote U< him as follows: * *

Personally, my dear sir, you will carry with you my highest esteem

and a friendship which 1 hope will contiiuie through life. Our agreeable intimate intercourse of several months will alway, remain in my memory a very pleasant series of recollections."

Mr. Johnson married, in 1876. Charlotte Goodrich, daughter of the Kev. Dr. John J. and Julia Ann (Henshaw) Roljertson.

(The Robertson family, from which Mrs. Johnson is descended on her father's side, is one of the oldest in Scotland and this country.

The first of the family of wIkjui we have historical knowledge was An- drew de Atholia. W. H. Skene, in his "History of Ancient Alhan,"

(Vol. HI, p. 288) says, "The reign of Alexander H (about 1200) wit- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. SOo

nested the termination of the line of Celtic earls of Atholi and Angus.

* * * Hut while tlie earldom (of Atholi) passed into the hands of a succession of foreign earls, a family hearing the name of de Atholia continued to possess a great part of the earldom, and were probably the descendants of the older Celtic earls. The Gaelic population of the whole of the northwestern portion of Atholi, bounded on the east l)y the river Garry and on the south by the Timmel, remained intact under them (the de Atholias)." Duncan, son of Andrew de Atholia and first baron of Strowan. was a loyal follower of "the Bruce" and received from him large additions to his inheritance. The clan was then called

"Clan DonncKhie," or sons of Duncan. Duncan was succeeded by his son Duncan, and he, in turn, by his son Robert. This Rob- ert Duncan, 3d, Baron Strowan, was a man of courage and rei^olution. When King James I was murdered and a bloody ci\il war seemed inevitalile. Robert pursued the murderers so quickly and with such vigor that he came up with them within two miles of Blair castle, the seat of the then earl of Athole, in whose favor the conspiracy had Ijeen planned, and seized not only the muro.erer,

Robert Graham, hut arrested the earl of Athole him.self. The little stream near which Robert overtook and captured the conspirators is known to this day as "Graham's Burn." For this service he refused all reward excejjt to have his large possessions confirmed to himself and his heirs. The King, however, added to Robert's armorial bearings, for crest, a dexter hand supi)orting an imperial crown, with the motto

"I'irtiitis gloria iiicrccs." and below the escutcheon a man in chains in l)lace of a compartment. So from father to son in the old Strowan

MSS. the line is traced to Alexander, thirteenth baron, when the male line of the Ixirons of Strowan ended and the lands went to the de- r scendants of Duncan Roliertson, of Druniachine, third son of Robert 806 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Robertson, tcntli hamn, rmd liis wife, Agnes MaeDonald, of Kippocli.

Duncan Robertson, great-grandson of Duncan, of Drumachine, succeeded

Alexander as fourteentli baron of Strowan. He was succeeded by bis son Alexander, wbo died unmarried in 1822, and tlie lands would have passed to the descendants of Patrick, the fourth son of Duncan of

Drumachine, had they not been devisable by will. Patrick Robertson, son of the Patrick named above, came to this country in 1739. His son Jnhn, torn about 1760, married first Maria Sperry and second Cath- erine Prentiss. The eldest son of John Robertson, by his first wife, was the Rev. Dr. Robertson, who was Ixirn in 1797. He graduated at Co- lumbia College at the age of nineteen, and after l\\ d trips abroad, during one of which he spent some time with the then Alexander of Strowan, he studied for the ministry and was ordained deacon in 1820 and priest in 1822. He was professor of languages in the University of Vermont in 1824 and in 1S30 went to Greece as the first foreign missionary of the Church in the United States. In 1841 he returned to this country, w'here he spent the remainder of a long life, by far the larger ])art of which was passed in two parishes, at I-'ishkill and at Saugerties, on the

Hudson river. The Robertsons were noted in earlier days and in the old country for their stanch loyalty. They were devoted adherents of the Stuart family, with whom indeed they were allied by marriage, and sufifered severely in the civil war. and in the risings of 1715 and

1745 for that ill-fated house. The story of Margaret Robertson equals in interest and exceeds in purjwse and self-sacrific that of her cousin,

Flora MaeDonald. In this country they have been ccpially loyal to the land of their adoption, were represented in both army and navy during the Revolution and one, an officer under Paul Jones, fell in the action between the "Bon Homme Richard" and the "Serapis." One branch of the family, descendants of Patrick settled in Virginia. Will- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 807

iam Robertson, of tliat state, while on a visit to England and Scotland, was given one nf the ele\en stone cannon balls fired from Loch Leven castle at the Ijoat in wiiich Queen Mary was escaping, and which was

found, with the others, wiien tlie lake was drained, very nearly where

Walter Scott said they would be found. He presented it to the Philo- sophical Society of the United States at Philadelphia, and it is still in their possession or in that of the Historical Society. The arms of

the Robertsons are thus described : "Gules, three wolves' heads erazed. argent, armed and langued, azure. Crest—a de.xter hand holding up an imperial crown proper, with a man in chains lying e.xtended Ijelow the escutcheon of tiie arms." Motto, "I'irtiilis gloria iiurrccs." "The chief seats were the Castle of Grath, Innerwick, Mt. Alexander and others."

On Iier mother's side, also, Mrs. Johnson comes of an old and noted family, the Henshaws. The memlier of the Heronshaw, Hemshaw or

Henshaw family from whom this branch of the Henshaws are descended was Thomas Henshaw, of London, England, son of Robert

Henshaw, of Drees (sometimes written Dresby, and in the printed genealogy of the Recestor written "Derby" by Thomas Dale Rich- mond, Herald). He was a captain in the service of James I who, for his "faithful and able service" granted him the arms which had been borne by the family Ijcfore. and added a crest which is thus described

in the warrant : "Upon a wreathe of his Collers, Argent and Sable, a Falcone seasing on a Wing, gould with a Crown about the Neck,

Gules Beake and Legs Sables, with Belles of the first." And more particularly specified in the margin "Mantled Gules Rumbled Silver."

The birds in the arms were heathcocks. Thomas died in 1639, leaving a large estate. He was succeeded by his son Thomas, who had also granted him a crest representing a griffin's head quartered on the arms 808 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

of his father. Some I)ranches of tlie family have the eagle, the crest of the Stanleys of Derby and Man. The Henshavvs intermarried with the Stanleys and the name "Margaret Stanley" is common in the family. appearing in nearly every generation since. Sir Evan Haughton married Margaret Stanley, daughter of the early of Derby and Charlotte de Tremouille, and tlicir daughter, Margaret Stanley Haughton, married Sir Joshua Henshaw. Joshua Henshaw, son of Thomas Henshaw second, came to tliis country. His son Josiiua was born in 1672. Daniel. son of Joshua second, was Ixirn in 1701 and died in 1781. I'.enjamin, son of Daniel, was born in 1729 and died in 1793. He settled in

Middletovvn, Connecticut, where the old Henshaw house still stands in a good state of preservation. Daniel, son of Benjamin, was Ixjrn in 1762 and died in 1825. He li\ed for a time in Middletown, and then removed to Middlebury, Vermont. Of his children, Sarali married

Charles II. Ricliards, of Xew York, and her daughter married the artist, Daniel Huntington. Julia .Ann Henshaw married tlie Rev. Dr.

Robertson, and was the mother of Mrs. Johnson. Daniel Henshaw'j oldest son was John P. K. Henshaw. He entered tlic ministry and became Bishop of Rhode Island.

(The Henshaws were well represented in the war of the Revolution.

Mrs. Johnson's great-grandfather. Benjamin Henshaw, was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army. His brother, William, was a colonel, and his brother, David, a captain. His brother Joseph was a member of a patriotic association composed of Samuel Adams, James and Joseph

Warren, John Adams, Josiah Quincy, Joseph and Joshua Henshaw and William Mollineaux. Benjamin's sister married Colonel Samuel

Denny, and his daughter Captain John Meigs, both of the army. All were distinguished for conduct and ability.)

Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have made their home in Chester for the OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. S09

past twenty-eiglit years. Tliey have two children, Julia Theodora, horn June 27, 1S78, and Charlotte Shaler, born July 4, 1884.

Much of Mr. Johnson's time has been devoted to literary work, anil he has shown fair ability in this line, both in prose and verse, Init he has ne\er made it his life work, and it has rather been the recreation of leisure hours than a serious occupation. As a journalist and magazine and ne\\s])apcr contributor his work has l)een necessarily ephem- eral. Among other publications are: "Memoir of Edwin I'erry John- son, Civil Engineer," "Memoir of John .\. Robertson;" History of

St. Paul's Clnucli. Chester. Pennsylvania;" "The Old Graveyard;"

"Heirlooms of Saint Paul's;" "The Nation's Centennial, 1876;"

"Water Supply of Chester;" "Memoirs of John B. Ilinkson, Jurist;"

"Bi-centcnnial Souvenir Saint Paul's Church," etc.

ARTHUR HIBBS TOMLINSON.

Professor Xrthur II. Tomlinson, founder and to the jiresent time

])rincipal of the Swarthmore Preparatory School, at Swarthmore. and widely known as a successful educator, comes from an excellent English family which made an early settlement in New Jersey, where his paternal grandfather. Benjamin P. Tomlinson. was lK)rn and reared.

In his young manhood. Benjamin P. Tomlinson removed to Bucks county. Pennsylvania, where he i)assed a long and useful life, and where he died in 1857. aged seventy years. He was a farmer and miller by occupation, and a Quaker in religion. While he took little interest in political affairs, he was an ardent opponent of slavery. His wife was Hannah Knowles. who l^ire him three sons and as many daughters. 810 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Robert Knowlcs Tomliiison. a son nf tlie parents named, was

Imrn in 1831, in Bucks county, wlicre has l)ccn his liome (hirinsj; liis

entire life. He I>egan his education in tlie comnmn schools, and after-

wards attended an academy at Westtown and Benjamin H.-dlowcll's

excellent school at Alexandria. He engaged in farming, wliich he

pursued with abundant success. .\ man nf broad intelligence and well

poised mind, he exerted a wiilc inllnence through his writings in local

and class journals uixm agricultm'al, educational and economic ques-

tions. He is a memlier of the Hicksitc branch of the Society of I'Viends.

and a Prohibitionist in politics. He married, in 1855, Mary Hibbs, of a

well known Quaker family, and a woman whose life reflected all the

Christian graces. She died in 1890. at the age of fifty-seven years. She

was the mother of seven children —Arthur H., Edith, Walter H., .\lvan

H., Ernest H., Benjamin P. and William H. Tonilinson.

.\rtkur H. Tomlinson, eldest child in the family named, was l)orn

January 20, 1856, in Upper Makefield township, Bucks county, was

reared upon the paternal farm and acquired an excellent English edu-

cation in the public schools. \\'hen nineteen years old he was com-

petent to teach, and for two years following he had charge of a school.

He had developed a special aptitude for educational work, and he now

devoted his effort to qualifying himself for more adxanced effort. He

took a course in the State Normal Scho(]l at West Chester, and was

graduated from its elementary department in 1877. He then went to

Cecil county, Maryland, where he opened a bViends' school which he

conducted with marked success for four years. Returning to his native

state, he opened a Friends' select school at Oxford, which he conducted

for two years. He was meantime pursuing his studies, and in 1883 was

graduated from the Scientific Department of the West Chester State

Normal School. Immediately afterwards he took a post graduate course OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 811

in llic University of Micliigan, at Ann Arlxjr, and it was his distinction at entrance to be one of a remarkably small nnmber admitted on a normal school diploma. In 1K84 he Ix^came princii)al of the

Friends" Academy at Locnst Valley, New York, which he conducted with gratifying success for a period of three years and until 1887, when he was called to Jenkintown, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, to establish a Friends' boarding school. He opened this school under the most favorable auspices, his reputation as an educator licing well known in the neighborhood, and enlisting the hearty co-operation of the people and the interest of their children. This school Professor Tomlinson conducted with entire success and added credit to himself for a period of five years, when (in 1892) he resigned.

His retirement fmni the school at Jenkintown was an event deeply regretted bv the ])eoi)le of that village. But Professor Tomlinson had become impressed with the great necessity for an adequate preparatory school at Swarthmore which should afford jjroper preparation to young men and women desiring to enter the college there. His efforts were warmly seconded by the people into whose midst he came, and he was enabled to open the Swarthmore Grammar School on September 12 of the same year. To this lieneficent institution, now known as the

Swarthmore l'rei)aratory School, which had its inception in him, he has given his conscientious and intelligent effort to the present time.

I'rom ;i small beginning it has grown to important proportions, and

its future is bright with promise. The teaching faculty is headed by

Professor Tomlinson. an experienced and successful educator, who has

devoted the best years of life to the school providing for the community

an agency for good which is of incalculable worth.

Professor Tomlinson was marrietl. August 6. 1886, to Miss 812 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Emma I'vle. a daui^litcr nf William II. I'yic. of West Clicslcr. I'our

children have heen born of this niarriasje : Willard, Helen, .\ll)ert M. and Dorothy.

ISAAC MILLS.

The late Isaac Mills was one nf those characters to wliDm much interest attaches as connecting links hctween ])eriods far remote from each other. In our rapidly developed countr\- the lifetime of one man often covers the whole time elajjsin^' l)ct\vccn the first settlement, or e\-en discovery, of a territory and its ultimate growth to the highest state of civilization. While this fact is of such fre(|uent r)ccurrence in the newer states as to attract little nnlicc. in the older commonwealths of the cast an "earlv pioneer" is of sulTicient raritv to still he an object of cvu'ious in(iuiry. This is especially the case when the "oldest iuhahitant'.s" career embraces the entire storv of some spot or section which has lie- comc of historic interest by reason of records running back into the far distant past. As Isaac Mills was Ixirn in the first year of the nineteenth century and li\ed well on toward its close, meantime liecoming the first settler of the most famous liattleficld of the earlier Indian wars, it will be realized how ap])licable to him me the remarks in the foregoing preliminary statement.

Stephen Mills, who was of English descent and born in the Ber- mudas, came from there to Xew Jersey (hiring the latter part of the eighteenth century. lie married Elizabeth Osborn. ;md it was diuiiig their subsequent sojourn in New York city that the birth of their son

Isaac occurred, on the 13th of December, 1801. When the boy grew up he accompanied his father, in 1818, on two trips from the seacoast with a drove of horses for sale at bort I'itt, which was then considered in the '^.

rv il9 w0

y>2 -^ <5 ^.

OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 815

"far west," l)ut is nnw tlic f^ieat iron center of southwestern Pennsyl- vania. In 1822 Stephen .Mills decided to locate permanentl)' in this region, and for tliat jiurpose leased what is known as the Troy farm. then consisting of two lumdrcd and sixty acres. Documents to he found in Carnegie Free Lilirar)- at Pittshurg show that tliis land included the site of the famous liatllc l)ctween the English colonists and tiie Indians, during winch General Braddock was killed and George Washington, tlicn a major nf Virginia militia, gained his first military reputation.

These documents are original grants for a tract of land covering one thousand ruid forty-three acres, of which tluxe hundred rmd twenty- eight acres are included in w hat is known as the "Braddock Field" farm, and this, togetlier with the Petersburg or Mills farm, constitutes the present site of ilie modern city of Braddock. The last mentioned tract was purchased hy Isaac Mills Fehruary 13, 1829, and the records show tluit lie |)aid two thousand dollars therefor. In early life he had learned the trade of coopering, Init it seems that this was abandoned for farming, in which he was engaged continuously for more than half a century.

In 1830 he built the pioneer industry of the present town of Braddock, the same being an ax factory, whose operation re(|uired the services of three men. but five years later the establishment was enlarged by the addition of a saw to cut timber, and two additional hands were added to the force. Near llie mill and .along the river bank were constructed fi\e log cabins, of one mom cicli, but all these at different times were washed away liy the annually recurring floods of that section. Until

the year 185 1 Mr. .Mills .lud bis f.imily, the five mill employes, the one farm laborer and the r>cll family constituted the only inhabitants of

"Braddock Field."

The Civil w.ir brought about conditions in this peaceful community that greatly turbed its rci)ose, besides causing much annoyance to the 816 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

proprietor and his dependants. One day in July Mr. Mills and several

of his daughters, accompanied hy twD farm hands, started out fur a

field north of Cemetery Hill, and when they returned late in the after-

noon a complete transformalinn had taken place in the scene. Xumhers

of wliite tents had been pilchc(' amid the j^rowini.^ cro])S of grain and

\-egetahles, soldiers in hluc uniform swarmed over the |)lace and every-

thing indicated "the pride, pomj) anil circumstance of glnrinus war."

In short the hitherto quiet rural retreat had been converted into "Camp

Copeland," a citv of white tents speedily arose and the air was resonant

with the hurry, hustle and noise of a military encam])mcnt. The com-

mander of the forces contracted with Mr. Mills for the use of thirty

acres, for which a rental of one hundred dollars per month was to he

])aid. hut the soldiers spread themselves over a territory of one hundred

acres and remained there from the time of tlicir arrival until near the

close of the war in 1865. The annoyance, as well as the damage caused

by these intruders was great, and the family estimated that they were

injured to the exrtent of thousands of dollars by the unwelcome presence

of these idle soldiers. In iS^" Braddock was incorporated as a l)nrough.

and Mr. Mills was elected as its first burgess, being chosen a year later

to succeed himself in that office.

On the 28th of May, 1835, Isaac Mills was married to Elizabeth,

daughter of Samuel Snodgrass, a resident of the Turtle creek ncighlxir-

hood. and the result of the union was a family of nine children, most

of whom have passed away. Mary S.. the eldest daughter, died many

years ago; Elizalieth Laird on January 6. 1900: and Isaac Mills, Jr..

on March 6, 1902. The latter is said to have been an almost exact

image of his father, as much so in fact as if they had l)een twin

brothers. Helena G.. the fourth child, is now the wife of C. C. Lo-

briger, of Fitzgerald, Georgia. Mrs. Rachel A., widow of Henry OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 817

Clay, of Elizal)etli. Xnw Jersey, and a lady of refinement and culture, at present occupies one of the most beautiful residences in Braddock. situated on the site of the old homestead. Nancy J. died April 14, 1870. and Samuel S. on the i6th of August, 1864. James K. and Stephen D.. the youngest of the family, are prominent manufacturers of Braddock.

Isaac Mills, the venerable pioneer father, after a long, busy and blameless life, closed his earthly career January 28. 1880. but his wife survived twenty years longer, her death not (xrcurring until March 29,

1900. They were splendid samples of the sturdy men and women whose dauntless determination, self-sacrifice and resolute courage in facing every kind of hardship made them the advance agents of progress and evangels of the new civilization in the western world.

ISAAC SHARPLESS, Sc. D., LL. D.

Isaac Sharpless, Sc. D.. LL. D.. president of Haverford College, is froni an old family of I'^riends which has contributed many of its members to useful educational labor. His father was Aaron Sharpless, who married Susanna, daughter of Thomas Kite, an esteemed minister in the Society of Friends. The children lx)rn of this marriage were

Edith, Thomas and Elizabeth. Aaron Sharpless took for his second wife, Susanna, daughter of James and Ann (Truman) Forsythe, and they for some years filled the positions of superintendent and matron, respectively, of the Westtown Boarding School, and, after the death of her husband, the widow filled ix)sitions similar to that which she had occupied witli him. Mr. Sharpless filled the positions of clerk, overseer and elder for several years, and at the time of his death was a member of the "Meeting for Sufferings." or representative committee of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, "while his sound judgment was recog- 818 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

nized in fi"C(|ueiU appoiiitmciUs as arbitrator in neis4lil)

The children of Aaron and Susanna ( l-'orsytlic ) Siiarplcss were

Isaac, wlio is fiuther written of lielow; Ann, who Ijecame a teacher in

tlie W'esttown Boarding School: James F., who died in yontli : William

T., wlio lx;came a physician in West Chester, Pennsylvania; and Su- sanna, who as a memljer of the Yearly Meeting Committee, was given oversight

Isaac Sharpless, eldest child in the family, last named, was lx)rn

12 m., i6, 1848. He received his early education in the school with which his parents were connected, Westtown Boarding School, from which he was graduated in 1867, when eighteen years of age.

He then entered the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, from which he was graduated in 1873. with the degree of Bachelor of

Science in civil engineering. He began his career as a teacher in the

Westtown Boarding School, whence he was called after two years to the position of instructor in mathematics in Haverford College.. He was appointed successively to the positions of professor of mathematics and of dean of the college, and in 1887 to that of president, in which capacity he now (1903) continues to act. He received the degree of

Doctor of Science from the University of Pennsylvania, in 1883, and that of Doctor of Laws from Swarthmore College in 1887. Dr. Sharpless is the author of text books on geometry and astronomy, and ".\n Ac- count of the English Educational System," which is one of the \olumes of the International Educational series. He has also written "Quaker

Experiment in Government," being an account of the early history of

Pennsylvania, and "Two Centuries of Pennsylvania History" in Lip- pincott's Educational Series.

Dr. Sharpless was married 8 mo., 10, 1876, at West Chester OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 819

Meeting, to Miss Lydia 'Iriiiihle Cope, Ixjni in West Chester, 2 m.,

13. '857. (lauglitcr of Tascliall and Amy A. (Baily) Cope. Tlie children horn of this marriage were as follows: (i) Helen, horn in llaverford. 7 nio., _'3. 1S77, who gradnated from Drexel Institute, and

is now assist.int in the Lihrary of Congress, Washington, D. C. : (2)

Frederic Amy C, horn 1 m., 12, 1879, who is a student in art; (3) C. horn 10 mo., i, 18S0, who gradnated from Haverford College in 1900, and ill 1903 from the medical department of the University of Pennsyl-

vania; (4) Edith \\. horn 11 mo., i, 1883; {5) Lydia T.. lx)rn 10 mo.,

10, 1885; (6) Katiierine T.. horn 10 mo., 17, 1896.

EDWARD HICKS MAGILL. LL. D.

The conspicuous position whicii Dr. Magill has occupied for so long

a period in the educational world, and his identification with Swarth-

more College, for S(j many years, render him a mo^t interesting sub-

ject for biographical record. As may he exi>ected, we find in him the ripe scholar, a man of wide culture, enlightened views and trained in-

tellect, a man of pronounced personality and strength, one equally at

home in the class room, the library, on the lecture platform and in

pleasant social life.

Edwaril Hicks Magill was l)om in 1825, in Solebury, Bucks county,

rcnnsylvania. His early education was obtained in the local schools,

and he was fourteen years old when he entered the Friends' Boarding

School at Westtown. Chester county, Pennsylvania, where he was

graduated in 1841. His choice of profession was made early in life,

as in his sixteenth year he began teaching school, and he continued to

teach both in public and private schools during the winter seasons for

the following eight years, his summers being occupied in work upon 820 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

his father's farm. Tlie year 1849-50 was sjieiit at W'illislown Sem- inary, at East Hamptun, Massachusetts, in preiJuratiiui fur cullcye, and in tlie latter year he was able to enter Yale College witlmut a eondition.

Here lie soon niaile himself noted, as he easily carried utT the prize in mathematics, in his freshman year, sharing with Dr. Eastman.

In 185 1 a pamphlet issued by Dr. b'rancis W'aylaud on a new system of degrees, attracted the young student's attention, and re.sulted in a change being made from ^'ale to Brown University. Here, under

Dr. Wayland, he took a selected course and in 1852 received from

Brown University the degree of T'achelor of Arts. brom 1852 tn

1859 he served as principal of the classical ilepartment of the I'nn-idencc

High School, meantime continuinj.; his studies at Brown and reciting once a day. His examination in 1S55 secured him a ilcgree of Master of Arts. In 1859 he was invited to take the sub-mastership in the

Boston Latin School under Dr. brancis ( iardner, and here Dr. Magill remained until 1867, instructing in Latin. Greek, Erench and mathematics, preparing students for Harvard University. In 1867 he received from Edward Parrish, of Philadelphia, an urgent invitation to accept the position of princii)al of the preparatory department of

Svvarthmore College. The acceptance of this position was deferred until 1869, the intervening years being passed by Dr. Magill in studying at the Sarbonne and the University of Paris. Upon his return from abroad in Decemljer, 1869, he entered upon his duties at Swarthmore.

One year later he was appointed president of that institution, a position for which he was eminently fitted and which he occupied for nineteen years. The duties of the position pressing heavily upon him, and desiring rest and recreation. Dr. Magill resigned in 1889. The board re- luctantly accepted it. to take efifect one year later, and during the inter- mediate time he w-as continued in the position with the same generous OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 821

salary. This sccdihI trip ahioad was enjoyed in literary and scientific

study. Upon his rcUirn, in \H<)o. he accepted the chair of French in

Svvarthmorc and filletl it for the succeeding ten years, resigning at

this time, becoming professor-emeritus. Since that date Dr. Magill

lias lielonged to the college faculty as a lecturer on French literature.

Dr. Magill has been honored in many ways. His degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him by Haverford College, as a recog-

nition of his efforts in the founding of the great institution of learn-

ing w itii wiiich his name must be indissolubly associated.

In the world of literature Dr. Magill is also well known. His

first te.Kt liook was issued during the period of his connectiuii with the

Latin school. It was an introduction to a French reader, with a

\oJume of prose and poetry. Since entering upon his duties at Swarth-

more he has followed with a I'rench grammar, and a series of French

readers, in four \filunies. .\ work to which he has given much atten-

tion, is a history of Swartiimore College from its founding. A very comprehensive work, which his friends \enture to hope is in a measure an autobiography, is iidw in ccjurse of preparation, bearing the title.

"Sixty Years in the Life of a Teacher." He is also now engaged upon a series of works entitled. "French Dramatic Master Pieces. Trans- lated in English X'erse. of the Same Metre as the Originals." These are to include VictiM' Hugo: Comeille: Racine: Moliere: Rostand; and

perhaps others. Hugo's Hemani is now finished, and is expected to

appear the coming spring. The scries will appear in small, neat volumes,

each containing but one work of the author. He has been a contributDr

to many journals, his essays and literary criticisms meeting with ap-

probation on many sides, from the cultivated classes for which they

are intended.

During the past few years Dr. Magill has occupied a \ery con-

48 822 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY genial position, being chairman of the Xationl C'oniniiUces Association on Modern Languages in America, an international correspondence between students and teaclicrs of iM-ance. Germany, Italy and Spain.

During this period it has been his pleasant privilege to place thousand-, of students in international correspondence.

As president of Swartbmore College he was recognized as a man of unusual executive ability and exhibited a breadth of culture, and through his fidelity and perseverance did more than any other to place this institution of learning on a ]iar with many which have tlie h;do of vears behind them.

FRANCLS J. rORRANXE.

])resident. of .\lle- Francis J. Torrance, manufacturer and railway gheny, Pennsylvania, is the son (if the late well known I^arcis Torrance, who was Iwrn in the town of Letterkenny, Ireland, in iSiT). The elder

Torrance was reared on a farm, but had Ijetter educational advantages than the majority of his contemporaries. He was a plucky and inde-

^lendent lad, and when he was twenty-one years old he resolved to come to America to seek his fortune. He was an entire stranger when he landed and his hrst location was in I'ittsburg. where he was employed

for a short time as bookkeei)er. He afterward went to Wellsville, Ohio, and in partnership with a Mr. Orr embarked in the grocery business.

Faithful t(j an attachment formed in Ireland, he returned after a few years' absence, and married Miss Ann Jane McClure, after which he began merchandising in his native place. However. .American democracy had so appealed to him during his brief residence here that after seven years spent in the old country he brou,ght his family to .\merican shores.

He opened a grocery store in Philadelphia, which he conducted for a t/i On CCd c/^/>"/>a/77

OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 825

nunihcr of years, and tlien located ])ermanently in Pittslnirg. wliere he died Marcii ii. 1886. lie was a prominent inanvifacturer here, l)ut was jjcriiaps best known as tlie manager, for twenty-eight years, of the

Sciieniey estate, \aiued ;il thirty-six million dollars. In 1875. in com- liany with J. W. .\rrott and John l'"leniing. he established the Standard

Manufactnring Company, lie had the repntation for scrupnlous honesty in ;dl his dealings, and w(;n the high regard of the ])ul)lic. By his first marriage there were three children, but the only sur\ivor is Elizabeth, who lives in Ireland. His second wife was Miss Jane Waddell. who was the mother of Francis J. Torrance, \\o\h Mr. and Mrs. Torrance were membeis of the Sandusk\- Hajjtist chr.rch in .\llegheny.

h'rancis J. Torrrmcc. the son of h'rancis and Jane (W'addell) Tor- rance, was Ixjrn in .Mlegheny City. I'ennsyKania. June 27. 1859, and the following facts in regard iu his life are mainly taken from "The

National Cyclopedia of .American Biograi)hy." His education was obtained in the public schools of his native city and in the Western Uni-

\crsity of Pennsylvania. He entered business life in 1873 as a clerk in the employ of the Standard Manufacturing Company, of which his

father was jjresident. Subse(|i'ently he became its treasurer and general

manager, and is now ( 1903) chairman of the executive committee and vice-president of the Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company, into which the former concern has been merged. This company manu-

factures porcelain enameled baths and bathroom appliances, and sanitary plumbing goods for every known use. It is probably the largest establi.shment of its kind in the world, having a capital of live million dollars, an authorized bond issue of \.\\o million five hundred thousand dollars, with factories, branch stores and offices in Pittsburg, Xew York

City, Louis\ illc, I'hiladeijihia, Chicago, Xew Orleans, St. Louis, Men 826 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

treal, Honolulu, Mexico City, London, Paris, Hanilnng. St. IVterslnng,

Cape Town, Sydney, Buenos .Ayres and Havana.

Mr. Torrance is president of the Washington ( Pennsylvania) I'^lcc-

tric Street Railway Company, the Indiana Railway Company, the Stand-

ard Ice Company of Pittsburg, the Monongahela and Ohio River Trans-

lK)rtation Company, tlie Western l'ennsyl\ania I-ixixisition Society, the

Pittsburg Natatorium Company, and the Iron City Brick and Stone

ComiJany. He is a director of the Meclianics' National i'.aiik. Pittsburg;

tlie Third Xa.liunal iiank. .\Ilegheny: the Xatinnal riiimi i'ire In^nrance

Company, I'ittsburg; and tlie Sewickley X'alley Trust Ciim])any, and

chairman of the natinnal cuniniitlee (jf tlie Confederated Sui)i)Iy .Asso-

ciations, wiiich has control of nearly all the ])lunil)ing and sanitary sup-

plies in the United States.

In 1892 Mr. Torrance represented Iiis congressional district in the

Minneapolis convention which nominated Benjamin Harrison for presi-

dent, and he was delegate-at-large from Pennsyhania to the national

con\-ention at St. Louis, which nominated McKinlcy. lie has been a

select councilman for nine years, and for seven years president nf that

body. In 1894 he was appointed by Governor Hastings a commissioner

of public charities: was reappointed in 1897, and reappointed in 1899

for five years. For six years he has been a member of the committee on

lunacy of the board of jjublic charities, and was unanimously elected

president of the lx)ard of public charities February 14, 1902. This board

has control of all institutions in Pennsylvania classed as criminal, penal,

correctional and charitable. He has also been appointed delegate-at-

large and special delegate to numerous conferences concerning prisons

and charities.

For two terms he has been president of the Americus Republican

Club, Pittsburg, and he is ch;iirman of the Republican city committee OF run state of Pennsylvania. 827

of Allegheny. Socially he is a memlier of Duquesne, Country, Ameri- cus. Press and Civic cluhs, of Pittsburg; Strollers and Fulton cIuIjs,

New ^^>Ik City; M;imifacturcrs' Club, Philadelphia, and the Indiana

Club, .South P)('n(l. Diu-ing the past ten years he has lieen president of the b

David Dibert, of Johnstown, Pennsylvania. They have one daughter.

JOSEPH SWAIN, M. A., LL. D.

Joseph Swain, M. .\.. LL. 1).. president of Swarthmore College, is a natixe of Indiana, to which >tate his father, Woolston Swain, Ixim

,'\nd reared in Pennsylvania, rcnioxed when alxjut twenty years of age.

Woolston Swain was destitute of means, but his energy and determination i)ro\ud an abundant ca])ital. He made his journev on f(K)t as far as Pittsburg, whence he traveled by l)oat to Cincinnati, and on foot again to Indianapolis, lie went to the neighborhood of Pendleton, and there cleared off a tract of land out of the primitive forest. In time, through persistent industry and economy, he had liecome the owner of an excellent farm and a comfortable home, and lived a most e.xemi)lary life, and was recognized as a leader in the community whic.h gathered :\\xm\ him. lie married Mary .\nn (Thomas) Swain, who was born in the stale of New York, daughter of a missionary who had long labored there among the Indians. In her girlhood her parents removed to Indiana, and settled near the place which became the scene of her married life. To the Swain pair were Iwrn five children, all of whom were reared in the Society of Friends, to which the parents also adhered.

Their son, Joseph Swain, was Ixirii June 16. 1857. He began his 82S COMPEXD/IM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

education in the district sclinols nf Ids nntivc village. Peiidletun, and

then completed a course in the \\\'^\\ schonl, where his studious iiahits

so commended him to his instructors that they urqed him to extend his

studies into a hroader field. He accordiuijly entered the Indiana State

University at Bloomington, in 1879, and was graduated therefrom in

1883, when twenty-six years of age. These dates are of interest, and may

prove a stimulus to some to follow after his example^that of entering

ui)on a high scholastic life much later than is usual. While a college

student, Mr. Swain devoted special attention to mathematics and the

natural sciences, and he had as instructors in these hrrniches. res])ecti\ely.

two eminent professors. Dr. Daniel Kirkwood and Dr. Da\id Starr

Jordan, and the potency of their inlluence in determining his futiu'e

career can now he discerned. The l'ni\-ersit)- at that time conferred

no honors, hut Mr. Swain led all his class in the credits gi\-en him

for excellence in his studies. Wdiile on intimate terms with his associate

students, he persistently declined to attach himself to any of the college

fraternities, a notable exception t

Doctor Swain entered upon the labors of a teacher in the same

year in which he was graduated from the I'niversity, and in that in-

stitution, and from that time to the ])resent his connection with estab-

lishments has been uninterrupted, while he has been advanced from time to time to larger fields of usefulness and inlluence. His first aji-

Ijointment was as an instructor in mathematics. During the following

summer vacation he was engaged with the United States Fish Com- mission, to make collections in the southern states. In the next university term he was made instructor in the natural sciences as well as

in mathematics, and at the commencement following, in 1S85, ^'^^ degree of Master of Science was conferred upon him and he was appointed associate professor of mathematics. He was at the same time or TUP. STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 829

given a leave of alisence fur one year to enalile liim to prosecute advanced studies in tlie I'niversity of Edinlmrgli, Sc(jtland. Upon his retnrn iionie, in iSR^), Dr. Kirkwood liad resigned tiie chair of niath- eni.atics, and Dr. Swain wris elected to succeed him, and ])ro\-cd a most worthy successor for a jicriod of five years. .\t the expiration of that time, in iS(ji, I)|-. j(ird:in w.as chosen to the [iresidency of Stan- ford L"ni\ersity, an

In TS93, ten years after his graduation from the State University of Indiana, I'rofessor Swain was called to the presidency of that insti-

Inlion as successor to Dr. L'oulter, who hail resigned. In the same year W'ahash College conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of l-aws. llis ciiunection with the L'niversity of Indiana was maintained until June, 1902, when he accepted a call to the presidency of Swarth- niore College, and entered upun his duties at the Ijeginning of the next ensuing scholastic term, it is not to he (juestioned that the appointment was most gratifying to him, f(ir it hrought him into close relation witii a ])cople with whom he was in entire sympathy, and to whose service he felt ohligated in a peculiar degree.

Doctor Swain has hahilnally displayed an unusual power of reaching students ;uid of controlling ihem. not through the exercise of author-

ity, hut hy ;i genial inllucnce which connnands their affection and keeps alive their entlinsi;isui. As was said of him Iw Dr. Da\id Starr Jordan,

President of the .St.uiford I 'nixersity, "he is a man of very large ability, l)articul;irl\' in the man.igement of men and in the training of students.

He is ;i man nf most genial disposition and cheery hut refined manners.

He i> in the prime of physical health, and is of heroic stature, standing 830 COMPENDIUM OF IIISTORV AND GENEALOGY

six feet four inclics in liciglit, ami \vcis;hini^ two humlrcil and sixty pounds.

W'liiic. as has been siinwn in this narrative. Dr. Swain lias l)ecn

Imsilv engaged as a teacher in tlic class room and as the head of a 1-irge institution of learning, his effort has been freely extended to otlier instructional work. During the term of his presidency of the Uni-

versity of Indiana, he delivered educational addresses in every county

in the state, and to his labors is to be ascribed in large degree the increased number of students, from 702 to 1,302. His high standing throughout the state is further affirmed by the fact that he was a mciiiber of the state Iviard of education during all the period of his presidency of the University of Indiana, ami tli.il his reputation was not merely

local is shown by his election as president of the higher education section

of the Xational Teachers" Association in 1H97. For a number of years

he has been a member of the National Convention of Educators.

Doctor Swain has performed a great amount of excellent scientific

work in which he has I)een faithful and thorough rather than brilliant.

He has written numerous pai>ers upon scientific topics, several of

which have been published in the reports of the Smithsonian Institu-

tion, and he has also written many papers and delix-ered many addresses

u]ion educational and kindred subjects. He has tra\eled extensively,

and has made five journeys to Europe, where he spent one year, four

summers, devoting his time to visiting such places and institutions as

would enlarge his views and add to his store of knowledge. On three

occasions he conducted i)arties to Europe, and was their genial and in-

teresting guide to many cities and edifices of great historic interest.

Doctor Swain was married, September 22, 1885, to Miss Frances

Hannah Morgan, who has ])roved a most efficient aid to her talented

husband. She has shown a deep interest in the young women students OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 831

(if Swartlminre Cnllege. ami was the org^anizer of the Woman's League nf liKhaiia L'niversity. whicli has proven a most serviceable adjunct to

it, and slie was for one year tlie president of the Indiana Literary Clubs

Union.

Mrs. Swain is a daughter of Charles Dayton and Alvira H.

(Woods) Morgan, who were married Noveml3er 13. 1856. Her

father was iKirn in Richmond. Indiana. July 31. 1829, son of Xathan

Morgan, a fanner and cabinet maker, who settled for life at Rich-

mond, where he died. Cliarles D. Morgan received a common school

education, and tlien entered upon tlie study of law in the office of Will-

iam H. Beckle. and afterwards in tliat of Judge James Perry, at Rich-

mond, where lie was admitted to the bar in 1850. In 1852 he removed

to Knightstown. Indiana, where he was engaged in practice until 1865.

In that \ear he became connected with the First National Bank of

Knightstown. with which he was connected during the remainder of

his life, cither in the cap.icity of cashier or president. He was a Re-

])ublican in iKilitics, and in 1862 he was elected to the legislature. It

was during the Civil war. rmd the session was an extremely stormy one.

A bill was introduced providing for the reorganization of tlie state

militia, .and Mr. Morgan was one of thirty- four opponents who left the

hall and thus rendered impossible the passage of the measure. His

religious associations were with the Society of Friends. For thirty

years he was a member of the Brotherhood of Odd Fellows. His wife,

Alvira (Woods) Morgan, bore him six children, of whom three dieil

quite young. Those who came to maturity were Frances Hannah, wlio

liecame the wife of Dr. Swain, Raymond C. and Eric C. Morgan. After

the decea.se of the mother of these chiklren. Mr. Morgan marrietl Re-

becca Gray, a daughter of William Gr.ay, of Knightstown, Indiana. 832 COMPENDIUM Of HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

WILLIAM WII.KIXS (ARK.

William Wilkins Carr, lawyer. i>i' 1 'hiladclijliia. I'cnnsylvaiiia. is a son of the late Captain Overton Carr, L'nited States Navy, and was ijorn in Washington, District of Columhia. May 19. 1853.

He received liis early cdncatiim in the pnhlic schools of I'hiladelphia, attended the Locust Street Grammar School, and afterwards

for three years was a stiulent in the Central iiigh Schodl, then passinj.' to the University of Pennsylvania, entering the so])homore class, and graduating with distinction in 1S73. lie was awarded the wnoden sp(jon as the most popular man nf his class, and was selected In deli\er the class oration at commencement. Choosing the law as his profession, he stuclieil under the prcceptnrship nf (leorge M. Dallas, Esq.. and was admitted to the bar in 1876. For two years following he remained

in Mr. Dallas' office, and tliere, after a year of study and travel ;ilirnad. he began the practice of his jirofession in Philadelphia on his own account. The suit, involving large interests, brought by the banking house of Sulsbach Brothers of I'rankfort-on-the-jMain against the es-

his first case. tate of the late J. Edgar Thompson and others, was The

attention of the public was afterward directed to him by his defense

in 1885 of Oscar H. Weljcr. who was on tri.al for nnu'dcr. h'or the

first time in the history ijf the administration of criminal law. through

Air. Carr's efforts a court passed upon the constitutional riglu of a

])risoner to make the plea of mental incapacity before l)eing put on trial

for his life.

Mr. Carr has made manv contributions to legrd literature. I'or

several years he assisted in the publication of "Read on the Statute of^

Frauds," and he is the author r)f a pamphlet on the "Legal Protection

of the Water Supply of Philadelphia." He has written a text book on OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 833 the "Trial of Lunatics," and also a text lx>ok on the "Judicial Interpre- tation of the Tariff Acts." wliich is an arrangement and collection of all the cases decided in the United States courts involving the various tariff laws passed hy Congress since the establishment of the federal government. In 1888. at the request of John R. Read, then United

States district attorney in Philadelphia, Mr. Carr was appointed his assistant, and gave up his private practice to bestow his undivided attention upon the duties of the office. While in this post he was associate counsel in the celebrated "hat trimmings case," and when defalca- tion occurred in the Sjiring Garden National Bank and the Keystone

National Bank lie was engaged in the trial and conviction of tlie de- faulters.

In June, 1893, President Cleveland appointed him postmaster of

Philadelphia, antl he occupied tlie office for four years and four months.

Through his personal efforts many reforms in administration calculated to improve the postal service of the city were introduced. A reorganiza-

tion of the delivery service was effected ; he took effectual steps to utilize the city's extensive trolley system for the distribution of the mails, and

Philadelphia now has, perhaps, the liest and most rapid inter-station

service in the dei)artment. He also started the movement to secure direct

appropriations to the large post-offices, without seeking from the de-

partment ]iermission to expend small sums of money ; after August,

1894, with the approval of the postmaster-general, a portion of the ap-

propriations went directly to the larger offices. The change was found

to be of great value. .\t Postmaster Carr's suggestion an important im-

provement was also effected in the foreign-mail service. For about

a hundred years outgoing and incoming foreign mails passed through

tlic Xcw York postoffice, and a vessel arriving within any port or

collection district of the United States could not make entry or break 834 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

bulk until the letters on boanl had been delivered to the nearest postoffice. !•"< ireign mails arc now carried direct from (|uarantine iti Xew

York bay to the railwa}' station of Jersey City, and I'icc z'crsii, many hours being saved in this way.

Throughout his entire life Mr. Carr has I)een an earnest Democrat.

He has been a delegate to many city, county and state con\entions. and was chosen one of the officers of the Democratic national convention which nominated Cleveland at Chicago in 1892. The Chicago jjlatform of 1896 did not meet with Mr. Carr's apjjroval or supjxjrt. lie i)ublicly stated that he was not in sympathy with r.rxanite principles, and was one of the prime movers f(.r the organization of the so-called Jeffer- sonian partv, which held a cr;nvention at Indianapolis and noiuinated

Palmer and Buckncr for ])rcsident and vice-president.

In June, 1893, Mr. Carr became a member of the law firm of

Patterson & Carr, in which the other members are C. Stuart Patterson and George Stuart Patterson. While disengaged from active practice during his term as postmaster, he resumed his ])lace in the profession upon his retirement from that office. In 1901 Mr. Carr was his ]iarty's nominee for district attorney of Philadelphia county.

WILLIAM BROOKE R.WVLE.

Col. William Brooke Rawle (formerly William Rawle Brooke), of

Philadelphia, lawyer and author, was born in Philadelphia. August 29,

1843, a son of Charles Wallace Brooke, a brilliant member of the

Philadelphia bar, who died in 1849 ^^ the early age of thirty-si.\ years, and Elizabeth Tilghman Rawle, only daughter of William Rawle, also a distinguished lawyer of Philadelphia. On his father's side he is descende

(near 1 ludilcMsfield ). \'()rkshiie, England, who emigrated in 1699 with his two sons to take ti]) land previously purchased in Pennsylvania. He

died in what is now Camden. New Jersey, a few days after landing,

but his sons settled in Limerick township, now in Montgomery county.

Pennsylvania, upon a tract of land granted to their father by William

I'cnn before they sailed. Colonel William Brooke Rawle's grandfather

was Rol)ert Brooke, well known as a surveyor and civil engineer in

Philadeljihia. and his great-grandfather was Captain John Brooke, of

the Revolutionary army. Robert Brooke married a daughter of Gen-

eral Andrew Porter, who was prominent as an artillery officer in the

American Revolution. On his mr)ther's side Colonel Rawle

is a descendant of brancis Rawle. Jr.. who came to Philadelphia from

Plymouth, England, in 1686. The Rawles were an ancient English

faniilv. being lords of tiie manor Tresparret, in Cornwall. William

Rawle. the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, an eminent

jurist, was a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania from 1796 until

his death, in 1836. when his son WiUiam Rawle. the younger, became

a trustee, serving until 1855. Colonel Rawle's mother. Elizabeth Tilgh-

man Rawle. was a granddaughter of the celebrated jurist. Edward

Tilghman. and a great-granddaughter of Benjamin Chew, chief-justice

of Pennsylvania before the Revolution. The heads of both the Brooke

and Rawle families were Quakers, and emigrated to America to avoid

religious persecution.

William Brooke Rawle was educated at the best private schools

in his native city. He was prepared for college at the Academy of the

Protestant Episcopal church, where lie was a student from 185 1 .to

1856, and at Faires' Classical Institute, where lie remained from 1856

until 1859. He entered the University of Pennsylvania in the fall of 836 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY J.\7) CIIX R.U.OGY

1859, was moderator of the I'liilonialhcan Society, and t^radualcd w itli the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1863 (Jidy 3) wliile actually engaf,^cd in the battle of Gettysburg. During his senior year he had entered the volunteer army as second lieutenant of the Third PennsyKania

Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, lia\ing ohtainetl leave of absence from the college. He served continuously with the .\rm\- of the Potomac from early in 1863 until after the close of the war, attaining the lineal rank of captain, and being bre\ettctl major and lieutenant-colonel for gallantry in the battle of Hatcher's Run. and in the campaign termin- ating with Lee's surrender at .\i)pomatto.\ Court-House, respectively.

He was actively engaged in a long series of stirring engagements.

While on a scout. September 6, 1863, with se\en men. he was amlnished and surrounded on the Salem road near Warrenton by forty-eight men of Mountjoy's company of Mosby's battalion, and cut his way through with a loss of three men, and having his horse wounded in several places. He was present at the siege of Petersburg, and entered tiiat place early on the morning of .\\m\ 3, 1865. as escort of Generals Grant and

Meade. He was also escort to General Meade at the surrender of

General Lee at .\pponiattox Court-House, .April 9, 1865. Mustered out of service and honorably discharged at Richmond, .August 7. 1865, he declined a commission in the Seventh Regiment L'nited States Cavalry, and began the study of law with his uncle, William Henry Rawle.

He was admitted to practice at the Philadeli)hia bar on RLay 18.

1867, a few days prior to which time he by legal authoritv trans])oscd the order of his name, which before had been \\'^illiam Rawle BrooUe.

He was associated in jiractice with Mr. Rawle. his uncle and preceptor, until the death of the latter in 1889, when he became the head of the law offices which had been established September 15, 1783. by his OF rilF. STATE Of- PENNSYLVANIA. 837

great-grandfallRT. William Kawle, the elder, one of the most cniiiieiit lawyers of his time.

In July. 1866, wliile Colinicl Brooke Rawle was a law stiulent the

University of I'cniis)l\ania conferred ui)on him the degree of Master of Arts, lie is one of the hnniders of the Pennsylvania Society of the

Military Sons of the ReNolutinn ; an e.\-juni'ir \icc-commander of the

Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States; one of the founders of the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania: a vice-jtresident of the His- torical Society of Pennsylvania: a member of the American Philo- sophical Society, and of the Col(jnial Society of Pennsylvania. Colonel

Rawle belongs to the Philadelphia Club, the Penn Club, the University

Club, the Legal Club and the Country Club of Philadelphia. His interest in historical subjects has led to much careful study and several important writings. In 1S78 lie published "Tlie Right Flank at Gettys- burg." and m 1SS4. "With Gregg in the Gettysburg Campaign," and

"Gregg's Ca\alr\- bight at Gettysburg." His most recent publication is an essay on "The General Title of the Penn Family to Pennsylvania."

On February 7. 1872. Colonel Brooke Rawle married Elizabeth

Xorris Pepper. t!ie eldest daughter of Henry Pepper, Esq., of Phila- delphia, and Sally, daughter of Jo.seph Parker Xorris. of "Fair Hill."

Philadelphia, b'ver since his admission to the bar he has been largely engaged in the practice of the law, and especially in the management of extensive trust interests. His home is in Philadelphia.

.\P.R. \1I.\M H. M.\RCH.

Abraham 11. March, head of the .V. H. JNLarch Packing Company

of Bridgeport, his re5i

is a nati\e of the last named Iwrough, where he was born March 18, 838 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GIINEALOGY

1858. He is the son of Reinhart and Caroline ( iiallnian) Marcli, also natives of this county. The couple had ten chilihcn in all. seven sons and three daughters, only six of whom arc now li\int;', as follow/s:

1'., Ehnira, wife of Enos Getnian, of Norristuwn ; Reinhart of 1803

Berks street, Philadelphia; George \V. Marcli, a well known builder

and business man of Norristown : Professor Jerry March, widely known as a musical instructor, now residing at 704 North Sixteenth street,

Philadelphia: .\hrahani 11.: and .Mice, wife of Louis Martin, of 2223

St. .\Ibans Place, Philadelphia.

Reinhart March (father) was a wheelwright by occupation, living in Norristown for many years. He also conducted a hotel at various times. During the rebellion he enlisted in the Fifty-first Pennsylvania

Volunteer Infantry and served three years, lacking two weeks. He was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, during General Grant's memorable campaign near the close of the war. from which he afterwards died. He was a private and participated in most of the battles in which the Army of the Potomac was engaged. He was about forty-five years of age at the time of his death. His widow died in 1875, at an advanced age. Both were members of the Lutheran church.

The paternal grandfather of Abraham H. March was a native of

Chester county, Pennsylvania, and was of German descent. He died in

middle age.

\\'illiam Hallman (maternal grandfather) was born in Limerick,

where he spent most of his life and died at the age of ninety-two years.

He was a farmer and had a large family of children.

'Abraham II. March, at the age of nine years, was placed with a

farmer, remaining there and performing the ordinary duties of farm

life until he w^as seventeen years of age, attending at intervals the dis-

trict schools of the neighborhood. He then engaged as a clerk in the 01- THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 839

grocer}' store of his brother Reinhart, in Xorristown for about two years, witlidrawing from tliat occupation to conduct a Initchering business for fifteen months. .Relinquishing that business, he purchased a grocery business on Marsliall street, whicli he conducted for seven years and a lialf. His next change was to operate his brother-in-law's pork- packin^tj business at Bridgeport, which he purchased on July l8, 1888, and has con

July I, 1902. under the name of the .\. H. March Packing Company, of which Mr. March is |)rcsi(lcnt. The plant is one of the most ex- tensixc and thoroughly ecjuipped in e^istern Pennsylvania, twenty-five or more men being employed, and its i)roduct having a high reputation among dealers and consumers wherever it is known. Mr. March is an acli\e and progressive business man, achieving success through his energy, attention to business, and judicious methods of operation.

On June 1, 1S79, he married Miss Louise Charbonnier, daughter of Mames and Laura Ch.'.rbonnier. The couple have had si.\ children, as follows: Leon, .\braham, Paul, Prank, P.arl and George. Leon died at the age of six months. .\br;diam in his eighth year, and Frank at the age of two years. Mr. and Mrs. March are members of the E\angelical

Lutheran Church of the Trinity, Xorristown, in which he is also a deacon,

Mr. March is connected with several philanthropic and benevolent institutions, including the following: Charity Lodge No. 190, F. &

.\. M.: Xorristown Chapter, R. .\. ]\L ; Hutchinson Comniandery No.

3-', Knights Tenii>lar of Xorristown: Philadelphia Consistory, Masonic

Temple, Broad and bilbert streets; and Lulu Temple, Spring Garden street, Philadelphia. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason.

He is senior warden of the blue lodge. F. & .\. M. ; jxist high priest of

Xorristown Cliai;lcr, and past commander of Hutchinson Commandery.

49 HIO COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

He is also a memlier of tlie Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. in ])iilitics Mr. Marcli is a l\C])ul)lican. Imt he lias never sought or held office. •

WILLIAM .A. STONE.

William Alexis Stone, tjoxcrnor of t!ie conmionwcaltli nf iV-nnsyl- wiiiia frnni i8(;S to 190J. and lilted hv liis life of service to llie state and nation to he ranked anionq- the most prominent men v.jio have ever adorned the ,q;n1)ernatorial chair of tlie state, was l)orn in Delmar townsliip. Tiog^a county. Pennsylvania, .\\n-\\ iS, 184^). liein^ a son of Israel

-Stone, a small farmer of that community.

Colonel .Stone is a self-made mrm. and his \outh was spent in the hard work of the farm and in attendance dtn^int^' the win'er at the district school, where he was an eager seeker aftpr the r\idiments of an education. He was a lad of fifteen when tlie ("i\il war came on, and for two years only could his patriotic fervor he kept in curh. He ran away in .August. 1863. and enlisted, Init his father, owing to the fact that the three older sons had already gone to the front, needed his help on the farm so much that he secured his discharge and brought IiItu home. In the following Fehruary, however, he again enlisted, and without further paternal interference was enrolled in Company .\. C^ne Hun- dred and Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. He ])artici|)atcd in the battle at Yellow House, or Six Mile Run, .\ugust iS. 1864, and in the siege of Petersburg from August ig to September 22. He was arl- vanced through the grades of petty officers to second lieutenant, which rank he rccei\ed March 10, 1865. He was mustered out on August 3,

1865. After the war Governor Hartranft appointed him assistant ad- 4XZ< CUUA ..y^/.

OF THE STATE OP PEXNSVLrAMA. t>43

jutant general of the Tliirteentli Division, National Guards, with the rank of lieutenant colonel.

After the war he went back to his father's farm and besides assisting in its cultivatiun endeavored tu continue his education. He attended the Wellslxjro Academy during the fall term of 1865. and taught a district schiHil during the winter. In 1866 he attended the ^Mansfield State

Normal School, from which, after hard lalxjr both for acquiring knowledge and gaining his own livelihood, he graduated in 1868. He then taught in the W^ellsboro Academy and at the same time studied law. being admitted to the bar in 1870. His first practice was in Wellsborji. and later in Pittsburg. He was ajipointed in 1880 United States attorney for the western district cf Pennsylvania, which ijusition he held until Cle\eland's administratinu. after which he resumed private practice. In June. 1890. he was Udminated fur congressman, but refused to take a clouded nominatidu. He had practically no opposition to his following nominations, and ser\cd with a good record in the fifty- second, fifty-third, fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth Congresses. On June 0.

1898. he was made the candidate of the Republican party for governor of Pennsylvania, and was elected by a large majority on the following

November 8. His career as governtjr was charactferized. by strict ad- herence to the lines of duty as he saw them, and to ab.solute honesty and incorruptibility in [jublic >er\ice. His integrity has never been impugned, and he is not a man whom an\- interests could buy nr dixert frnm the i)atli of ofiicial rectitude. His private life and character are likewise abnve rei)roach, and hi,, family, his church, his home comnumity. and all his friends and associates honor and respect him for his power and eminence in political life and his pure and honest actions in all activities of a busy antl useful career. :

844 COMPEXDIUM ()/•" HISTORY AXD GENEAI.OCY

BEXJAMIX Rl'SII FIELD.

Benjamin Rush ImcIiI. nf l^aston. Pennsyl\ania. pliysician and

aiulior. comes of a Iimii^' line of iumdi'alile anceslr\' wlmsf liistnrv is

inler\\ii\en with tiiat nf {'".ni^^land and the I'niled Slate>, and it i^ a note-

worthy fact tiiat among liis ancestors in l>i>tli lines were ;i iinmlier of his

own i)rofession.

Tile ancient liistury (if tlie i'ield family was e.\hausti\el\- written

by one of its members, the l\ev. Henry M. h'ield. I). I)., of Xew >'ork

city (a brother of Cyrus W. i'"ield. the projector (jf the first Atlantic

telegraph cal)le), in a volume which he wntc and distributed jjrivately.

In this the author c|uoted Osgood iMcld, Es(|.. an American gentleman

long resident in London, I'jigland, as follow's

"Hubertns de la h'cld was in JMigland within a year or two of tlie

Conquest, and in all probabilit\' came o\er with the (.'on(|ueror. lie

was one of the family of the Counts de la l-'eld nf Colmar, in Alsatia,

on the German border of I'^rance. who trace back tn the darkest period

of the middle ages, aljout the sixth century. I'mbably not a dozen

families in Europe can prove so high an anti(|uit_\-. The ancestors of

the English de la b'eld.s had been seated at the Chateau de la held for

centuries before, and so early as the glnoniiest times that followed the

fall of the Roman cmiiire. The)- held lands (according to the tendal

system) probably granted to them fnr military services by William

the Conqueror—the original spelling of the family name 'h'eld' being

derixcd fmni the verb to fell, field land being o])posed to wood land,

and meaning land where the trees ha\e been felled."

According to the authority alxne quoted, a Ijranch of the family probably went from Saxony through France to England, 'flie first appearance of the Field family without the prefix "de la" was in that OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 845

part of the West Ridiiifi^ of Yorkshire whicli lK)r(lers upon Lancashire.

J' hn l"iclateriial great-grandfather of Dr. B. Rush Field, snid to liave been a centenarian, went frnm Saxony to Yorksliire, England, taking witli liini ])is infant son, Richard. Ricliard Field was brought up at

Dudley Hill, itradfurd. ^'

versity I if l,(ind(in became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons.

He s])ent the later years of his life in America. His wife, Phoe^)e Crid- land. was lorn in Leicestershire, England; her father was an extensive woolen manufacturer. The Cridland family have held positions of trust in England, and se\cral I'.ritish consuls in .America were of that stock.

Criilland Crocker Field, son of Richard an

Field, was born February i8, 18 k;, du board the American ship .\nn, ui)on which his parents came to this country. The birth occurred just as the vessel had come into Long Island waters, within the lx)unds of Queens county, and the captain wrapped a United States flag about the infant, who received froiu him his middle name, Crocker. Tiie parents went to Xnrthamptnn county, Pciuisylvania. and thence to

Philadeli)hia, where the father practiced medicine in association with

Dr. Physick, Dr. McClellan and nthers. He also held close personal and ])rofes>iiinal relations with I'mfessors William E. Horner, Will- iam (jibson, D. Hayes .\gnew and Samuel Gross. These gentlemen e.xerciseil a potent influence over young l^eld. who entered upon the study of medicine with all of them as his friends, and some of the number as his instructors, notably Professor Horner, an accomplished anatomist, and author of a standard work upon his particular subject.

Cridland C. I'ield graduated from the University uf Pennsylvania at the early age ot eighteen, and entered upon a professional career which 846 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

covered tlic long period of fifty years, and was marked by conspicuous usefulness in both tbc fields of medicine and surgery.

Ilis surgical operations were frequently referred to in lectures in the university, and were favorably commented upon by the Lon- don Lancet, which made him the subject of a highly a])])rcciati\c obitu- ary notice. His name became widely known for the successful per- formance of many of the most difficult o])erations in surgery. (New

Ynvk Herald. December 4. 1886.) Those which made him most famous were the removal of a cerxical tumor with ligation and excision of a considerable jiart of the jugular vein: excision of the entire femur, an operation uni(|ue fn the annals of surgery: excision of the entire radius: and extirpation of the jiarotid gland, which difficult operation he performed se\'eral times. These operations placed him in the trom rank of modern surgeons. His favorite region for operations was the neck, from which he removed tumors that encomiiassed the carotid artery. "As a teacher. Dr. b'ield has not been surpassed, he ha\ing sent more students to his favorite institution, the University of Penn- sylvania, than anv physician in the Lehigh valley." His death oycnrrcd in 1886. In 1837, the year of his graduation, he married Su.sannah bVeeman, who was educated in the Moravian schools of Bethlehem.

She was a woman of most amiable disjiosition. and was held in affection bv all who knew her for her open-handed benevolences. She was a native of Freeraansburg. Northampton county. Pennsylvania, a daughter of Jacob and Susannah (Butz) Freeman. Tlie village which witnessed her birth was named for her father, who was a man of ability and means, the owner of most of the land in the vicinity, and he was tlected to various public offices. He was a descendant of Richard

Freeman, who came from England about 1660. settling in Maryland, whence he removed to Northampton. Pennsyhania. In the maternal OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 847

line Mrs. Field (niotlier of Dr. P>. Rush Field) was descended from

Michael and Elizal)eth Messinger, and Michael Messinger was a mem- l)er of the "committee of observation" of Northampton county, formed at Fasten, December 21. 1774. with the \iew of furthering the cause of American independence.

Cridland and Susannah (Freeman) Field were the parents of seven children, among whom were twf)—William Gibson Field and Benjamin

Rush Field—who attained distinction in letters as well as in their respective professions. The former named, residing in Fnfield, Connec- ticut, was Ixirn in Easton, Pennsylvania, October 25, 1841. He graduated from tlie Faston high school in 1858, from Lafayette College in

1862, and from Har\ard in 1863. He at once entered the Harvard

Law Sch

Northampton county, for several years a member of the bosrd of education, and for a time its president. He was a frequent contributor to leading newspapers and magazines upon educational and literary topics, and he often delivered addresses upon these subjects before various societies and public assemblages. Another brother. Dr. George B.

Wood Field, graduated from the Faston high school in 1S76, and from the medical department- of the University of Pennsylvania in

188 1. He practices medicine and surgery in Easton, Pennsylvania.

Benjamin Rush Field was bom in Easton, Pennsylvania. November

3. 1S61. He began his education in the jjublic schools, and completed his literary studies in Lafayette College. He studied f<>r his profession S48 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

ill the medical department of tbe University of Pennsylvania, from wliicii lie received his degree in 1883. just after attaining his majority, fie at once entered upon practice in his native city, in which he has been acti\ely and successfully engaged to the present time. In

1886-S7 he was the nflicial ]ihysician of the Xorthampton county pri.son, and he served for ten years as physician for the coroner. Me is fre-

(piently called upon to give expert evidence in important law cases.

A man of marked public spirit, Dr. Field has been chosen to various important jiublic positions in which his excellent executive ability and talent for organization pro\ed most ad\antagcous in the pnniotion of community interests. In 1890-93. as a Democrat, he sat as nieml>er and president of the ci\ic council, and discharged his duties with such signal ability and high integrity that his conduct was unstiiitingly commended even by his political opponents. In the last year of his term be was elected to the mayoralty fur a term of three vcars. and his administration was entirely beneficial to the city. In Tebruary. 1899, he was again elected to the same position by an increased \ote. in face of an adverse political majority. His official term exjiircd in 1902.

Since the opening of the Spanish-. \mericaii war. Hr. b'ield has been prominently identified with military affairs. .\t the outset nf the struggle he assisted actively in recruiting and organizing Company E,

Eleventh Regiment Pennsylvania National Guard, of which he was commissioned captain by Governor Hastings, July 12, 1898. At the regimental election at Harrisburg, he was elected (August 20) major of the second battalion. After the close of the war. the Eleventh and

Thirteenth Regiments were consolidated under the latter number, and he w'as again elected major of the regiment and so commissioned by

Governor Stone. He commands the First Battalion, with companies in Scranton, Easton, Honesdale and Montrose. OP THE STATE OF PEXNSYLVANIA. 849

Dr. Field occupies a unique iwsition in the field of authorship, his works exhibiting a curiously interesting study of Shakespeare from the standixjint (jf medico. His "Medical Thoughts of Shakespeare," pul>- lished in 1884, reached a second edition in 1885, and a third edition is now (1903) in preparation. This was followed by "Shakespeare and

Byron on Man. Woman and Love" (1887), "Medico-Shakespearian

Fanaticism" (1888), and ".\n .Argument Refuting the Claim that

Shakespeare possessed Knowledge of the Circulation of the Blood Prior to Harvey's Discovery" (London Lancet, Xovember 17, 1888). In

1892 he published "I-'iclding's Unconscious Use of Shakespeare." in

1889 the Shakespeare Society of New York requested him to edit volume five of its papers ("Romeo and Juliet"), wliich was published in the

"Bankside Edition of Shakespeare" under the auspices of the society.

Besides these numerous works, necessitating persistent and industrious research. Dr. Field has contributed numerous critical articles on his favorite subject to "Shakespeariana." and for ten years he was dramatic critic for newspapers ()f his city. Dr. I'ield's excellent attainments as a Shakespearian scholar have found recognition in his election as honorary librarian of the Xew York Shakespeare Society of Xew

York city, a jxjsition which he has (xrcupied for the past seventeen years, and he is a member of numerous other literary and social bodies.

He is a member of the !x>ard of trustees of the Easton Free Pub-

lic Library : a member nf the finance committee of the Organized Char- ities of Easton: a member of the executive committee of the MunicijKil

League of Easton: a nicml)er of the Military Service Institution, New

York city: a meml)er of the Pennsylvania German Society: a member

of the Chi Phi fraternitv ( Rbo Chapter of Lafayette College and Nu

Chapter of University of Pennsylvania) ; and a member of the Order of the Sons of the .\merican Revolution, in descent from bis ilhistrious S50 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AMD GENEALOGY

maternal aiiccstcr, Michael Messinger. He is also a foremost member of the Easton Medical Society, of which he was the founder, in 1890; a nieniher of the diunlry C'hih of Xortlianipton county, and of the

Pomfret Cliih i>f Easton. In the ])rimc of his ])hysical manhood. Ihs

intellectn.il ])

Dr. Field was marrieil. Ajiril (). i<)(i2. in X'ew York city, to Miss

Xan Edna Rounsavcll. a d.anghter of jnhn Davis i\ounsa\ell. n\ Wasli- ington. N'cw Jersey.

JOHN EYERMAN.

John Eyerman. of Easton, represents families of the first promi-

nence in Germany and Pennsylvania. He is a descendant of Captain

Jean Jacques Eyerman. a jjrandson of Jean Eycrnian. who was horn in

1531-

Captain Jean Jaccpies Eyerman, styled in the ohl family records

"le Sieur Jean Jacques Eyerman, was born in 1590, at Preuschdorf,

near Worth, Alsace, and there died September i, 1660. He was captain-lieutenant (oiUcicr sitpcricur) at his native place during the Thirty

Years' war. His son, Jean Georges Eyerman, was lx)rn there i'ebruary

2^ 1645, and died May 10, 1708. He married, XovemI)er 29, 1664,

Marguerite Oster, daughter of Matthias Oster, a native of the same

village with himself, and they were the parents of seven children.

Matthias, second son and child of Jean Georges Eyerman, was

Ix^rn August 26, 1666, at Preuschdorf, and died there October 8, 1728.

He married, June 29, 1691, Anne Catherine SchaefTer. of Lamperts-

loch, and thev were the parents of five children. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 851

jcaii llcnri. eldest child i>f Matthias Eyernian, was born July lo,

1692, and died there Deccmhcr 3, 1755. He married. May 3. 1718,

Catherine, daughter of Judge Jean Martin Roessel. of Preuschdorf, and Catherine Pfeiffer. his wife: the latter named was of one of the oldest and most pniniinent families of Alsace. Of that marriage were born si.\ children.

Jean Georges, eldest child of Jean Henri Eyerman, was lx)rn at

Lampertsloch. May -'4. ijk;. and died at Preuschdorf, February 4.

1794. February u. 1743. he married .Anne Marie, daughter of Jean

Martin Eyer. of Feldbach. and to them were Inirn nine children.

Jean Matthias. foui;th child and third son of Jean Georges Ever- man. was Ixirn I'ehruary 24. 1753. at Lampertsloch. and his baptismal certificate of date February 26. is now in the ixjssession of Mr. John

Eyerman. He was the founder of the .\merican family of Eyerman.

He came to America and settled in New Hanover, Montgomery county,

Pennsylvania. Shortly after the Revolution he removed to Easton, where he died. Xovemljer 18. 1816. He married Johanna Sneider, who was born in 1740. and died in 1843. daughter of Henry and Catherine

Sneider. of Xew Hanover, and to them w ere Ixirn four children : .\nna

Maria. Henry. Hannah and Elizabeth.

Henry, second child and only son of Jean Matthias and Johanna

(Sneider) Fycrman. born January 29, 1784. was baptized in New

Hanover church, and died at Easton. February 22. 1814. He married

Elizalieth Herster. born November 2-,. 1786. and died May 12. 1861.

Her grandfather. .\ndrcv\' Harster. Ijorn in 1726, at the age of twenty- three embarked at Rotterdam on the ship Speedwell, and qualified at

Philadelphia. September 2^. 1749. He settled at Long (or Faulkner)

Swamp, near Pottstown. In 1766 he removed to Easton. He died on lK>ard the British i)rison-ship Jersey, December 25. 1776. His wife was 852 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Anna ]\Iaria Marstcllar*. and ti> tlicni were horn llirce cliildrcn, tlie eldest of wlioni was Jolni, horn at l.oni; Swani]), Octoljer |6, ij^S, and

died at luiston, l'"el)ruar_\- 2^. iS^f). lie was ensign of the Seeond

Hattahon of the W'orthinj^ton Mihtia in 1 jSj. He married Mari^aret

Slniyder, iMjrn 1762, died January 11. hSii. wliu was mother of lihza- l)etli.

'i'lie cliildren of Henry rmd I'.li/aheth (Hcrster) [''yernuni were:

Jolm (see l)eIow): F'"d\\ard, Ixini April 10, 1810, died An.ijust 19,

1833; Margaret, horn Deccmiier _'5. iSi_>, died Decemher ji , 1X56.

1 he eldest, Cajitain John h'yerman. was horn in I'.aston, Penn-

sylvania, July T). 1808, w;is haptized in St. john"s chnrch. and died

Jaiuiar_\- 6. 1883, "He tooU an acli\e ]iart in the organization of many

local stock com]>anies, * * * |,, (|,j^ respect his life is a plain proof

that an extended hnsiness may he diligentlv and successfnlK' condncted

without neglecting the higher duties of life. Thronghout hi> entire career he strictly adhered t'l what he helie\e(l to he dutw and in c\-crv jMisitioii he relied for success upon ]>rinci])le and unremitting industry.

In official position he manifested the same regard ffjr the interest nf others as for his own." (Capta.in Ellis.) He was one of the incorpo-

rators of the Warren Foundry ami .Machine Com|)any, 1856; the Lehigh

.Water Company, 1860; the Delaware Rolling Mills, 1866; the Xorth

Penn Iron Company, 1873. In 1868 he was elected president of the

Delaware Bridge Company and Easton Water Company, hoth

offices he held until his d.cath in 1883. He was at \arious times a

directfir of the Easton National Inuik. the Xorth Penn Imn Comjiany and the Phillipsburg Sto\c Works Coui])any. At different times he

*The Marstellar family arrived at Philadelphia on the ship Bilander Townshend, October 5, 1737. and settled in Providence township, Montgomery county, Pennsyl- vania. Peter Marstellar owned land in New Hanover and Providence townships, and in 1745 had eighty-six acres in Lehigh comity. OF run statf. of Pennsylvania. 85?.

was niitary iiulilic. a mtniljcT (it the scliool Ijoanl and of tiie town council.

and lie was frc(|ucnll_\- nia

of some of the larjjest and most im])ortant estates. He was treasurer

and vestryman of C'ln'ist chnrch and St. I'aul's churtli. For many years

lie took ;ni acti\e interest in nnlitary affairs. He was a meml)er of the

Citizens" V'ohniteers for six years, an.d in 185 1 was captain of the Na-

tional (inards. i)in-in,n tlic ("i\il war he aided tlie governor in every

possible way in the formation of com])anies for th.e service of tlie national

government and for the defense of the state, and was among the most

diligent and Jiheral in provichng for the wants of soldiers' families while

their protectors were in tlie lield. He died at Easton. January 6, 1S83.

Mr. I'^yerman married, October 13. 1844. at F.aston. .\nna M.

lil.irk. dangliter of James lll.'ick and Mary Kachlcin*. She was born in

Easton. .\ugnst 17. i8_'o. and (bed Octolier 28. 1891.

Of this marriage was born one son. Edward Hester Eyerman. at

Easton. .\ugust 3, 1845, and died March 7. 1874. He was baptized in

*Mary K.nchlcin was a (Icsceiulanl of Lieutenant Colonel Peter Kachlein. born in Kirclilieiir. Biilanden. Novemlier 8. 1722. son of John Peter Kacliicin, who with his three sons, Peter, .Vndrcw and Charles, arrived at Philadelphia on the Francis and Elizaheth. and (lualified September 21, 1742. They settled in Bcdniinster township, Bncks county, and Peter subsequently removed to Easton. He was for several years a student in the Heidelberg University. He became a leading citizen of Easton. closely identified with its interests. He was a ruling eider in the German Reformed chnrch; in 1755 a trustee of the .School for the Education of Protestant Youth; in 1759 a commissioner; and in 1762 he was colonel of militia, and rendered useful service in the outbreaks of 1763. In 1762 and 1772 he was high sheriff of Northampton, before its division into si.x counties. In 1771 he commanded the expedition to Fort Wyoming, and in 1774 was deputy to the prcA-isional convention. March 9, 1774. He was justice of Northauiptou county. He was made a member of the standing committee of safety, and in 1775 a member of the colonial assembly and the provisional assembly at Pliila- (lelphia. May 22 he was captain of the Easton company: July 17 colonel of the first battalion. In 1776 he was lieutenant colonel of the Northampton county battalion, which he commanded at the battle of Long Island, in which he bore a splendid part He was captured in the battle and released on parole. General Howe .said that General Grant was killed by his men. who infiicted the greatest loss upon that division. In 1780 he was lieutenant of the comity un

Christ clnirch. lie was educated at the Eastoii Academy and tlic I'enn-

sylvania Military Academy at Chester. Rilis says: "Growing to nian-

hcjod, influence and usei'uhiess. his cheerful and social disposition ren-

dered his companionship genial and attractive, and surrounded him with

an extended circle of warml}' attached friends." .\t the age of twenty-

two he founded the firm of Eyerman & Company, as agents for the

Delaware Rolling Mills Comi)an_\, and for the manufacture (jf iron. He

married, at .\llcntown. l'\-l)ruar\- lo, 1865. Miss .Mice Sahila Heller,

horn Octoher _>. 1846, daughter of Christian Pj. Heller and Henrietta

Detwiller.*

Of this union was horn one chilil, John Eyerman, l)orn at Easton.

January 15, 1867. l)aptized July 11. same year. He was married.

April 21, 1888, hy the Rev. (1. M. S. Blauvelt. to Lucy Evelyn Max-

well, horn in Easton. .\ugust 28, 1864. Their children are Marguerite,

horn at Oakhurst. Easton. March j8, 1895. and John, lx>rn .\pril 5,

1899.

Through his distinguished ancestry, three of whom ser\ed in the

Colonial and Revolutionary wars, Mr. I'Aerman is a member of the

Society of Colonial Wars in the state of New Jersey, of which he is secretary; of the Colonial Society of Pennsylvania, of the Sons of the Revolution, and of the Pennsylvania Cierman Society. He is deeply interesteil in scientihc, historical and genealogical lines, and is a member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, a fellow of the Zoological

Christopher Heller, with his son Johann Siiiioii. embarked at Rotterdam in the Winter Galley, and arrived at Philadelphia on September 5. i/.^S. He received a land patent in Lower Saucon township. September 8, 1742. and settled at what came to be known as Hellertown. His son Simon was a prominent man. and was frecjuently appointed to view and lay out roads in Salisbury- aTid elsewhere. Jacob, son of Simon (Johann Simon Heller) was in 1777 commissioned lieutenant of the Seventh Company, Fifth Battalion. Northampton County Militia. Henrietta Detwiller was descended from Dr. Henry Detwiller (a native of Switz- erland and a descendant of George Datwyler. 1580). who came to .Vmerica in the ship John of Baltimore, and arrived at Philadelphia in July. 1817. He was the pioneer of the Hahnemann School of Medicine in the United States. or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. «55

Society ui l.ondoii, a fellow of the Geological Society of America, of the American Geographical Society, of the, Lcjndon Geologists' Associa- tion, a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

fellow of the Xew \V)rk Academy of Science, a life member (jf the

British Association, fellow (^f tiie American Association, member of the National CJeograi>hical Society, member of the A. C. A. Society of Vertebrate Paheontologists. warden and treasurer of Trinity Parish, and (ine of the managers of the Easton-Delaware Bridge Company.

He possesses excellent literary tastes and talents, and is a pleasing writer on to])ics wliicii lia\e engrossed his attention. He was for some time lecturer on Determinative Mineralogy in Lafayette College, and is associate editor of the .{ntcrican Geologist. He has written numerous memoirs and papers on geology, palaeontology and mineralogy, published in the American scientific journals, notably on "The Genus Teninocyon."

"The Mineralogy of Pennsylvania," "Contributions to Mineralogj',"

"The Mineralogy and Vertebrate Palaeontology at the Columbian Ex- position," "The Mineralogy of the French Creek Mines." "A Catalogue of the Pahentological Publications of Joseph Leedy. M. D.. LL. D."

Shufcldt in his "Fossil Bones of Birds and Mammals from Grotto

Pietro Tam])oni and Grive-St.. Alban." naming Puffniits cycnnani n. spi., says: "The ;>pecies is extinct, and it gives me pleasure to name it in honor of the well-known iiidreontologist, John Eyerman, Esq.. of l^aston, PennsyK.'inia. in whose collectimi the specimens at the present writing belong." He has prepared and printed for family use three sumptuous volumes, models of txiiographical and illustrative art: "The

.Vncestors of Marguerite Eyerman," a beautiful quarto^ volume, printed in 1898. the edition limited to forty-five numbered copies, bearing the following dedication: "To my dear little daughter Marguerite Eyer- man, this lx)ok is inscribed as her very own, by her father." In 1902. S56 COMPENDIUM ()! HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

after the liirtli of his >un. Mr. I-^ycrnian ])rintc(l a su])])lcnientar_\' volume

in a limitcil edition of lift\' -^ix nuniljered copies, dedicated "ii) my

dear children, Marguerite and John Eyerman," and a thinl and com-

plete edition in 1903 entitled "Cienealogical Studies. " .\lso "Some Let-

ters and Documents," and "The Old Grave ^'ards of Xortiiampton."

WII.I.IN.M I'.VTTERSON.

.Anionij tile men of pri'mii'ence whose enterprise and diligence are

in harmony with tlie s]iii"it

who is proniinentlv connected m ith man\- important industries and husi-

ness interests in Lawrence couuty. and as the president of the Xationa!

Bank of Lawrence Count\- he \. ill he especially known to the readers of

this volume. A natixe scjn of this couutw his hirth occurred on the

20th of Octoher, 1824. his ])arents heing Samuel and Esther Patterson.

hoth now deceased. He is descended from go^id old Scotch ancestry,

and his |)aternal grandfather was a farmer and irviit growci- on a large

scale, and at the same time also carried on a manufactin'ing industry

unusually extensive for those days. On the m;iternal side his grand-

father, William Dickson, was one of the early pioneers of Lawrence c

W'illiam Patterson was dejiriNcd of a father's care and [)rotection when very young, and was reared in the home of his maternal grand-

OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 859

I'atliLT, rcmaiiiini; at the uld liDinestead until lie was fourteen years of age, (luring which time lie pursued his studies in the winter months and worked in a tannery in the summer. His attendance at tiie district school (jf the ueighborlKKul was supplemented hy a two years' course in the New Castle Academy, which completed his education, and in

1840 he entered the store of John B. Pearson, of New Castle, in the capacity of a clerk, thus continuing for about two years, after which, in 1845, he became assistant to Daniel Kuwer, of Pittsburg, Pennsyl- vania, in the management of bis large dry-goods establishment. Three years later, however, Mr. Patterson returned to New Castle and i)urcliased an interest in a wholesale and retail drug store, liut in 1852 he

.sold his interest therein and invested the proceeds in coal property and improvements in Ohio, the pr. uluct of which was shipped to Cleveland and the furnaces at Lowell, that state, and New Castle, Pennsylvania.

He continued to give bis personal attention to this enterprise until 1885.

In that year, in company with Mr. Watson, be opened a banking and e.xchange business in New Castle, and among their employes was James

IMcKinlcy. a brother of \\'illi;i,ii McKinley. afterward ])resi(lent of the

L'nitetl States, and the former continued to manage their coal enterprise until the mine was exhausted. .\l)out 1854 Mr. Patterson sold an interest in his mining pro])ert_\- in Ohio and Illinois to Jolin M. Maris, of Philadelphia, with whom be carried on business relations until the mines were exhausted. In 1S58 Mr. Watson retired from the banking business of Watson & Patterson, after which Mr. Patterson continued the business under the name of the Patterson Bank, and in 1864 be

I>ecame associated with .\. L. Crawford and others in the enterprise of opening a block coal f'leld in Mercer county, which they operated for eleven years, and during that time they built a railroad, sunk shafts and organized all the necessary provisions for a thorough mining indus- 800 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

tr}-. ihc pnxlucc nf ilie mine \k\\\'^ shipiJcd ti) tlie Erie docks ami tlic fur-

naces in Xew Castle. Willi Mr. Crawford and others. Mr. Tatlerson

was also interested in Imildinj^ the Missouri. Salem & Little Rock Rail-

road and in opening and ojjerating the iron ore mines in Missouri. Dur-

ing the years of 1868 and \'!>(^^) he organized and was ;i memher of the

Etna Iron Comi)any. for which Mr. Cr;iw foi'd huilt the furnaces, which

they continued to o])erate until 1873. iluring which time they enjo\ed

a prosperous and increasing husiness, hut in that \ear thc\- sold the en-

terprise to Mr. Kimherly. of Sharon. l'ennsyl\-ania. .\honl this time

he was also a director and one of a cor])()ration organized hy .\. L.

Crawford which huilt the \'igo furnaces at Terre Haute, Indiana, and

also the W'ahash Iron Company rolling mill .'it the same place, one of

the furnaces l>cing suhsetjuently taken to (iadsden, .\lahama, where it is

still in operation.

Concluding to concentrate all his capital nearer home. Mr. Pat-

terson accordingly in 1885 severed his connections with all outside inter-

ests with the exception of a hlock coal mine in Brazil. Indiana. In

1863. in connection with A. R. Lee. he had purchased large tracts of

coal land in the southwest corner of Lawrence county, Pennsylvania,

which is still heing worked under the name of the Beaver Coal & Coke

Company, producing a fine gas coal, which is sold largely to the Penn-

sylvania Railroad Company to he used on their locomotives, and to

gas Companies throughout the country. In 1873 ^^''- Patterson Ijcjught a large jwrtion of the stock of the National Bank of Lawrence County,

remaining, however, with his okl bank until 1880. since which time he

has given the new enterprise his personal attention and supervision.

This bank is capitalized at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, with

surplus and earnings amounting to eight hundred and sixty-two thou-

sand dollars, while the deposits reach three hundred and fifty thousand or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. ^61

d(jllars. This is one of the most solid financial instilutions in this part of the state. In tlie same year the Penn Coal Company was or-

ganized and the sheet-iron roiling mill built at Xew Castle, with both of

which he was connected, and in 1883. with Mr. Crawford and others,

he purchased what is known as the Neshannock Furnace property at

New Castle, which has since been successfully operated by them under

the corporate name of the Crawford Iron & Steel Company, having a

capacity of one hundred and twenty thousand tons of Bessemer pig iron

annually. In 1885-6. with associates, he built the wire mill and wire

nail works which are operated under the name of the Xew Castle Wire

Nail Companw and also organized a company which constructed a

large rod mill, this being one of the largest plants of the kind in tiie

C'iuntr\-. W ith associates he also built and o])erated the Bessemer

Steel Works and the liillet Mili. a CDUtinuous mill for rolling bars for

tin plate, business being carried on under the name of the Shenango

Valley Steel Company : w ith associates he also organized the Shenango

Tin Plate Company, which built the largest mill in the world for the

manufacture of tin plate: and was also connected with the Pennsylvania

Engineering W'orks. the X'ulcan Foundry Company, the Shenango Glass

Company, the Xew Castle Stamping and Enameling Works, the New

Castle Forge & Bolt Works ^^-d other enterprises. The works of the

Shenango Steel Company, the Xew Castle Wire Xail Company, and the

Shenango Tin Plate Company were sold to and absorbed by the Xa-

tional Steel Company and later by the United States Steel Company, the

stock of that compain- being taken in payment.

Mr. Patterson is still connected with many of the most prominent

industries in this section of the Keystone state, being president of the

National Bank of Lawrence county, at New Castle, president of the New

Castle Steel Comijany. vice-president of the Crawford Iron & Steel 862 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Company, president of the New Castle Wire Nail Company and the New

Castle Wire Mill, president of the Beaver Coal & Coke Company, chairman of the Penn Coal Company (limited), director of the New Castle

& Beaver Valley Railroad Company lor thirty-seven years, cli.'iirnian of the Shenango Valley Steel Company, a director in the Knoxvillc &

Nashville Railroad, of Tennessee, and president of tlie Shenango Valley

Hospital, which institntion he was acti\e in establishing and sni)i)orting.

His labor and expenditure in increasing tlie manufacturing industries of

New Castle liave been extensive, and be made one of tlie largest cisli subscriptions to jjromotc the building of the first railroad that r;in into this city, was one of the principal factors in bringing the Baldwin Stove

Works to the city and was also the means of inducing the owners of the Witbrow and Gordon ])l;uits to locate in New Castle.

On the 26th of January, 1852, Mr. I'.-ittcrson was united in marriage to Anna M., daughter of Richard Mills, a gentleman largely connected with iron interests. Mrs. Patterson died in March, 1863, leaving two daughters, Mary L., now the wife of Edward King, and Anna

M., also one son. Rufus O.. formerly connected with the nail works and rod mill of this city. On January 17. 1866, Mr. Patterson married Har- riet W., daughter of Solomon Woodward, of Taunton, Massachusetts, by whom be has had one daughter and two sons, —Julia 11.. Willi.am Lee and George Lewis.

Mr. Patterson possesses a fine library of well selected works in the choicest literature, and his collection of works of art is significant of a refined taste and knowledge of the Ijest modern masters. In his home he gives himself up to rest, quiet and social culture and enjoyment, always hospitable and possessing qualifications which render association with him most agreeable and satisfactory. He has been one of the sure foundations upon which the great progress of New Castle has rested as OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 868

upon a rock : no business enterprise could be suggested which would l)enefit the city Ijut he was first and last in devoting his best judgment, his time and his means to forwarding it, but. although always on the alert to discover and apply measures to l^enefit the locality and tireless in promoting its welfare, he has never sought or accepted public positions or official rank, believing that he could prove a more useful and serviceable citizen by aiding the promotion of industrial and financial enterprises \\liich would advance local condtions. Endowed with an active nature, he has been one of the busiest men of the city, keqiing himself closely informed cf)ncerning e\ery detail of tiie aflfairs of his b.iiik ruid of iiis large coal, iron and steel interests, and it is a remarkable fact that in the history of his long business career he has never l)een engaged in a ijersonal lawsuit. Xo contract intcj which he has c\er entered could possibly l)e misconstrued, and no one with whom he has ever entered into business relations has ever thought of questioning his honesty or ])urpose or action.

TRAILL GREEN, A. M.. M. D., LL. D.

Dr. Traill Green, of Easton, Pennsylvania, was born May 25, 1813, in the city named. At an early period in the colonization of the new world, the Green family, of which he was a representative, was established in the western part of Xew Jersey by William Green, a native of

England, who established his home on Long Island, and during his brief residence there became acquainted with and married Joanna Reeder, who was a native of Norfolk county. England, belonging to the old

Reeder family of that locality. It was not long after his marriage that William Green and his wife removed to Hunterdon county. New

Jersey, settling in Ewing township about 1700. He was influential in 864 COMPEXnil'M OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

community affairs, occupying; xarious ix)sitif)ns under the English crnwn.

including that of judge of the court of common pleas. His dc.ith

occurred in 1722.

His eldest son, Ricliard (ireen. married Mary F.iy, of Trenton.

New Jersey, who was also of English lineage, a daughter of George

and Jane (Pettit) Ely, who were memljers of the Society of Friends

and l)elonged to a family whose representatives were found in Penn-

sxlvania as well as New Jersey. Richard Green died in 1741.

Richard Green, Jr.. the eldest son of Richard and .Mary (Ely)

Green, died in 1797. and was the grandfather of Dr. Traill Green. He married Phche Moore, a daughter of Nathaniel Moore (1687-1759), who removed from Long Island to Hopewell. New Jersey, in 1708. He was a son of Captain Samuel Moore, a jirominent advocate of religious libertv in 1690, and a grandson of Rc\-. John Moore, of Newtown. Long

Island, wild died in 1657, and whose active participation in affairs began as early as 1641. He is spoken of as "one of the most interesting characters of that early period."

Rev. J(-hn Moore was an "independent." Benjamin Moore, rector of Trinitv church. New York, second bishop of New York, and president of King's College, Nathaniel V. Moore, president of Columbia

College, Clement C. Moore, professor of Hebrew in the General

Theological Seminary (and the author among nthcr poems of " 'Twas the Night Before Christmas"), were among his descendants.

The mother of Phebe (Moore) Green was Joanna Prudden. a granddaughter of Rev. Peter Prudden. who was a minister of Her- fordshire. England, but by persecution was driven from that country and arrived in America in 1637 in company with Jnhn Davenport, John Howard, Samuel Eaton and others. He was one of the founders of the colony of New Haven, and the founder of the OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 865

Cluircli of Christ, Milford, Connecticut, was one of the "seven pillars," and (lied tlicre in 1656. She was a daughter of Rev. John Prudden, whd was the first regular pastor of tlie first regularly organized Pres- byterian church in America, at Jamaica, Long Island, in 1672. He was also tlie third pastor of tiie hirst Presbyterian church at Newark,

Xew Jersey.

Benjamin (jrecn. a .son of Richard and Phebe (Moore) Green, was Ixirn in 1770 and tlicd in 1S52. About the close of the Revolutionary war a httlc colony of English people made their way to what is now

Easton, Pennsylvania, and Benjamin Green was among the number who in 179.^ established his home in the village. His sister, Sarah

Green Moore, had arrived in 1782. Benjamin Green was married to

Elizalx;th Traill, a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Grotz) Traill, who were married in 1774. The latter was a daughter of Jacob and

Elizabeth (Shaffbuch) Grotz. In the maternal line the ancestry of

Dr. (ircen is traced back to Robert Traill, a son of Rev. Thomas Traill, of Sanday, Orkney islands, off the north coast of Scotland. In 1764

Roljert Tr;iill arrived in Easton. He very soon became an active citizen, and in the Revolution which later broke ujx)!! the people he took a conspicuous part. On the 21 si of December, 1777. he was elected a member of the committee of observation of Northampton county. He was immediately chosen one of the standing committee of correspondence and clerk of the same. May 21, 1777, he was elected major of the h'ifth Battalion of Northampton county. In 1779 he was assistant deputy (luartermaster general. lie was a member of the assembly, sheriff in 17S2, and clerk of the court. He was a meml)er of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania, and was appointed associate judge b\' (iovernor Mitllin in 1796. Sabilla Grant, the mother of 866 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Robert Traill, was the daughter of Rev. Alexander Grant, of South

Ronaldsay.

The ancestry of Dr. Green shows tlial he is descended from the

Scotch, the English and the German races, and he who analytically studies charactc" can find in his life work certain strong traits of each nationality. In speaking of his own nativity. Dr. Green said that "he was horn when the henutiful season of flowers was just opening" and that expression is indicative of one of his strong characteristics, his love of nature. In his youth, he found great pleasure in wandering through the country surrounding his native city, intent on obser\ing the birds, insects and minerals, the glories of the sky. the fields and the rivers.

Moreover, he possessed a very studious nature, and early displayed special aptitude in the mastery of the branches of learning which constituted the curriculum of the Easton Union Academy, in which his youth was largely passed. He afterward attended Minerva Academy, of Easton, coming under the teaching of Rev. John Van Derveer, D. D., who was one of the most scholarly gentlemen and prominent educators of that time. His interest in nature was heightened by his perusal of

BufTon"s "Natural History," a copy of which came into his possession about that time. He resolved then to make the study of natural sciences one of his chief pursuits in life, and never did he abandon this intention, lie became convinced that the study of medicine would afford him special advantages in this direction, and he determined to pursue it.

He attended two full courses of lectures in the University of Pennsyl- vania, and then entered the office of his preceptor, enrolling himself as a student under Dr. J. K. Mitchell, professor of medicine in Chap- man's Institute. Following the completion of three full courses in the

University and in the Institute, he won his Doctor of Medicine degree upon graduation in 1835. Realizing the necessity of careful and OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 867 thorough preparation for the responsible duties that devolve upon the physician, he would never receive a student without a pledge that he would pursue three full courses of study before he applied for a degree.

He seemed in advance of the times in tliis particular, for long years after tliat the college required only two courses and demanded no special preparation for matriculation.

Following his graduation he was appointed physician to the Fifth street duspensary in Philadelphia, and attended outdoor patients and held clinics. His carefulness, accuracy and capacity for work are illustrated in tlie complete records he kept of all tlic cases he treated. He continued this practice throughout his medical life of nearly sixty years, and no one was ever treated whose record will not l)e found in his voluminous record books. He was a most indefatigable worker, never relaxing his forces, and although he accomplished an amount of labor which would have lieen utterly impossible to many a man. he enjoyed good health because of the outdoor exercise in which he indulged, and his ability to fall asleep almost anywhere, and thus gained the power and renewal of energies which only sleep can bring. He was also metho

Following his dispensary experience. Dr. Green returned to Easton

in 1836 and entered upon the active practice of his profession in his

nati\c citv. While the demands for his professional services constantly

increased he yet found time and opportunity not only to continue his

own studies but also to advance learning in his city through the in-

struction which he gave to private classes. While still a medical student 868 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lie (ieteniiincd to l)ecome a tenclier of clicmistiv, wliicii lie designated as "liis darling study." Following his return to F.aston he organized a class of young people, whom he instructed in tiic science, and it was his enthusiasm in tiiis sultject that i)rolKihly attracted tlic atlcntiim of the hoard of Lafayette College and occasioned his selection for the position of professor of chemistry in that institution, in the spring of

1837 the president of the college called upon hini. made known the decision of the hoartl, and requested that Dr. Green take u]) the work the following da\ and was met witli the characteri.stic response "I will."

Following his acceptance of the position, he continued his studies in the natural sciences, as he had determined to dn in his Ix^yhood days.

At this time he emhraced the opjinrtunity to acqu.iint himself with minerals, and in the course of years he had a collection which at his death was bequeathed to Lafayette College. Successively he took uj) the study of geology, zoology and botany, finding on each new i)age of nature's text Ixink fields for thought and interest.

In 1 84 1 Dr. Green accepted the call from Marshall College at

Mercerslnirg, Pennsylvania, to teach the natural sciences. Here medicine was dropped, and his whole time was devoted to the teaching of his favorite subjects, except that he was occasionally called in consultation in difficult cases, and that he lectured to the students on phvsiology and hygiene. He remained at Mercersburg from 1841 until 1848. returning then to Easton, and the following year he was reappointed to the chair of chemistry in Lafayette College. He continued to deliver an annual course oi lectures in chemistry, and at the same time engaged in the active practice of medicine, and, as he expressed it, "in the flower season, as often as he could, ran out to hold converse in their wild haunts with the sweet gifts of our loving Father." With all the lalxirs implied in an extensive practice and a professorship, he found time for :

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 869

other work. He instructed classes of boys and girls in botany, and it was a rare occasion when he was not giving instruction in one or

more of the natural sciences. His interest in Lafayette College never abated, and in speaking of his connection therewith Professor Moore

said

"He gave his time, his money, his influence, not once, but thousands

of times. He was not a friend for a year, but for every one of over

fifty years. He filled every official position in the college, generally

without any, always, with insufficient, remuneration. He worked be-

cause he loved the cause and furnished what money will not buy—cheer-

ful, unselfish devotion. He was professor of chemistry, trustee, acting

president, chairman of the building committee, a member of the pru-

dential committee, dean and general adviser, and always a devoted

friend. He gave his professional services to everyone connected with

the faculty wlio called him. for absolutely nothing, during all his pro-

fessional life. He made sacrifices for the college—the only test of

sinceritv and de\otion. The observatory was his gift, and the gift was

an observatory because he felt that astronomy might be among the last

subjects to be the recipient of a gift. The building and furnishings were

given f)n condition that his name should not Ije mentioned. Dr. Cattell,

in his usual happy mood, said at the laying of the cornerstone that 'the

donor was too modest to allow bis name to be mentioned and he felt that

he dould not violate confidence, but he knew that whoever he was, his

name would be green in the memories of all true lovers of Lafayette.'

He commenced his lectures in chemistry in the basement of South — College 'the tombs'—where he was compelled to do all tlie work and

furnish the materials himself, and lived to see and preside over the

finest chemical laboratory in .\nierica. He was always hopeful, and

when everything seemed dark at the burning of that magnificent mon- B70 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

uineiit, erected tlirough the Iil)ciality of Mr. Pardee, he alone .seemetl

to lia\e no fear of the future."

.\s a teacher he was accurate—the first requirement of scliolarship;

lie was thorough—the first requisite of the instructor; he was truthful

—truth was his highest amliition : he was inspiring, hecause he heliex'ed

what he taught; he was a good disciplinarian—he never said what he

did not mean. His patience was inexhaustible, but. when necessary, he

could be severe.

In early manhood Dr. (Ircen also entered uiKin the enjnymcnts of

home life. He was married in 1844 to Miss Harriet M(H)rc, of Mor-

ristown, Xew Jersey, who shared with him his great love of flowers,

and will) had l)een a student in one of his botany classes. Those who

knew aught of his home life recognized in him the ideal husband and

father, who put forth every efifort in his power to promote the wel-

fare ()f his family, and counted no personal sacrific too great that wduld

enhance the happiness of his wife and children. Tn his entire life he

was a close follower of Him who came not to be ministered unto, but

to minister, for Dr. Green, throughout the years of an active manhood, devoted his life to his fellow men. It seemed his chief object to tlis-

seniinatc knowledge that jieople might make the best use of their powers

and gain the most that life ofifers in true enjoyment, happiness and

character development. He regarded no interest which had bearing

upon the welfare of a fellow creature as too unimportant to claim his

attention.

As is every broad-minded man. he was a public-spirited citizen, and

community affairs claiiued his co-operatinn and profited by his services.

He was instrumental in ])romoting many measures of jniblic progress

and reform, and delivered many addresses on these questions which

resulted in arousing public thought and action. His lectures on the OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 871

evils of graveyards in cruwded places suggested a iiioveinent for the establishment of Easton cemetery, and a charter was secured on the

5th of April, 1849. His name first appears on the list of charter members, and. becoming president of the board of directors at the time of the establishment of the cemetery, he continued to act in that capacity until Ills dcatii. There is no instance in his whole life which illustrates iietter his firmness than bis resistance of the attemjits of the Easton

& Northern Kailrf)a(l to lay its tracks through the cemetery grounds. His lectures on ])ul)lic lighting and his efifective defense of gas lighting had mucii to do with the successful introduction of gas in Easton. He was one of the first directors under the charter chosen May 5. 185 1. In his old age he was just as enthusiastic over the successful introduction of electric lighting as he bad been years before over the introduction of gas. He was not fearful of a fall in gas stock. l)ut if it came he counted it one of the jjrices to lie paid for every modern improvement. In his lectures (jn public wells bis words were of sufficient weight to crystallize an opposition which resulted in their abolition. He became interested in the project of the electric railway system of Easton. although he himself so loved outdoor exercise that he thought the project would prove a financial failure because "the points of interest were so close together— all l)eing within the limits of a reasonable walk."

In politics he l)ccame a stanch Republican. He regarded it the duty as well as the privilege of every American citizen to support the principles which be belie\ed contained the best elements of good government. Political honors and emoluments had no attraction for him, but be laljored untiringly to advance many interests affecting the welfare and advancement of his commonwealth. He did not believe in the ring rule of any party, but in the organized efforts of the best men to promote the best measures. His fellow citizens honored him by :

872 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

initting liiin wlierc tliey know liis knn\vlcil,L;c nf cducatiimal inalters would benefit tlie cuiiimunitx- iiKJSt. He was ,i mcinher of the ixiard

of control from August 15, 1856. until April _^. iSC>6. when he volun- tarily retired, and he was president of the Ixiard fnmi March jG, 1858. until his retirement. Here he again made his impress. In those early times the public school system of Easton was molded by men of Unowu worth and ability. Men like the Ihm. Washington McCartney. Kev.

Idhn \'an Derveer, Edward V. Stewart. I-~sri.. Dr. Samuel Sandt, Dr.

Traill Green, and others, were willing to ser\e the i)Cople. The excellent public sch(x)l system is a living monument nf their intelligence and foresight. The state used him in ]K)9itions where his special knowledge was of value. He was trustee of the Insane Hospital at

Harrisburg for twenty-four years, ha\ing receix-ed ai)pointment fmiu

Governors Geary. Hartranft. Hoyt, Beaxer and I'attison. In 1868 the legislature appointed him one of the commissioners to build a new insane hospital at Danville. His last public .service was Tendered in 1892, when he was chosen as a presidential elector.

Dr. Green stood for high standards and ideals in the medical profession, and his lalwrs iiecame an active factor in promoting the best interests of the medical fraternity of Pennsylvania. He early recognized the value of an interchange of thought, experience and ideas Ix:- twcen representatives of the i)rofession, and felt that through organization the most desirable results along this line might be obtained.

Accordingly, in 1848. after discussing the question with .some of his colleagues, he called a meeting \\hich resulted in the formation of the

Medical Society of Northampton County. In the memorial exercises held in honor of Dr. Green. Dr. Amos Seip, of Easton, Pennsylvania, his colaborer in the organization of the Northampton County Medical

Society, said OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLIAN lA. 873

"I lie memory of Dr. (jrcen needs no memorial of marble or granite to perpetuate iii.s fame! His important services rendered to the people, his great jjrofessional eminence as a physician and scientist, his discriminating tact, clearness of perception and solid judgment, his generous and disinterested sjiirit. his ])nrity of character, free from tainted tliouglit or \vhalc\er ])artook of tlie disingenuous, mean, or sorbid, his admirable example of all that was beautiful or good, are yet fresli in oin- recollections, and arc engraved u]K)n the hearts (jf the peoi)le, which will live, and will be remembered In' generations yet to come. Notwithstanding his arduous labors with an extensive practice, which for thirty-five yeans was almost entirely done on foot, extending from Cooper's furnace to Glcndon, and from South Kaston to Chestnut

Hill, with the outlying and intervening districts, his indomitable in- dustr\- and systematic arrangement of time enaliled him to accomplish so much. He was always able to meet his engagements, public or private, for matters in which his jjresence was required. With his strong moral perception, and gentle, sympathizing heart, his firm convfction of duty, he could not contemplate with indifference the moral degrada- tion or suffering of his fellow mortal, and, conscientiously believing that one of the most prolific sources of poverty, misery and crime is the fruit of the unlimited indulgence in intoxicating beverages, he became a zealous and ardent advocate of temperance, and opposed the indis- criminate use of alcoiiolic stimulants in the practice of medicine. In later years he noticed with regret that so many yotmg men were entering the medical profession without previous training in the regular colleges. He thought that the preparation for the study of medicine could not 1)0 ttK) complete, either for the physician or his future patients.

Hence in 1876. with others, he launched the American Academy of

Medicine, entrance to which could only be obtained by those who had 874 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

taken a dcj^rcc in college. It was not an inslilulinii lUr the foiniatiun of a medical arislocrac)', but an organization to prevent the practice of medicine from degenerating into a mere trade. He was the lirst president, and continued to be acti\e during the remainder of his life.

The Academy has wrought a great work. The colleges have been influenced to adapt their curricula to the needs of the medical student, and the student has taken advantage of what they ha\e provided. The time has at last come when the medical student has an opportunity to pursue a course which, while it has the same elements of utility for drill as the displaced one, prepares in a measure for future medical studies. His desire to promote the more general knowledge of science is illustrated in his being one of the first members of the American

Association for the Achancenient of Science, whose l)irth is coincident with his membership (1851). He continued a member and fellow until his death, taking an active interest in its |M-oceedings."

Dr. Green's interest in the young was e\er one of his salient characteristics, and the boys and girls of younger age, as well as the students who came under his instruction as a college professor, recognized his deep sympathy and his earnest and sincere appreciation for all they

were doing in the line of intellectual progress and character develop-

ment. Boys always delighted to do him honor by making him an

honorary nieml:)er of their societies, rmd this was often done. It made no difference how humble the call, he was always gentleman enough and interested enough to acknowledge his thankfulness for their con-

sideration, and to of¥er his service if he could assist them in any way.

.\11 this took time from an extensive practice. Among these societies

were the Philomathean, of the Lawrenceville high school; the Callio-

pean, of the same school : the Natural History Society, of Lafayette

College; the Natural History Society of Rutgers College, Deceml>er ()[ THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 875

i8. 1883; the Buffalo Sfjciety of Natural History, 1864; the Troy Sci-

entific Society, September 18, 1871 : the Lancaster Linnaean So- ciety, Januar\- 30. 1864; the Scientific Society of the University of

Pennsylvania, Uecember 18, 1883, and doubtless others which are now unknown.

Dr. (jreen was a champion of education for women as well as nien, and was aggressive in the improvement of opixjrtunities for their higher education. Tiic ide.i that sex was a subject for discussion in the case of education was to him a self-evident al>surdity. and he instructed many classes of girls in \arious branches of natural sciences.

He was the ad\ocate of more study for women in the line of inedical instruction and of association with their brethren (if the fraternity in dififereni medical organizations. He championed the admission of women students into the clinics of the hospitals of Philadelphia and in the active membership relation with the County, the State and the American

Medical societies. He felt that his work in this direction, however, was not complete e\en when his efforts in these fields were crowned with success. His study of the conditions of the State Insane hospitals led him to the firm lielief that it was an absolute wrong to the women patients to ha\e the w.irds in which they were confined presided over by men. lie felt that women physicians should be placed in charge, and mlroduced the subject to the state legislature. Again and again he met defeat in his efforts to have ,1 bill presenting his ideas passed by the general assembly, and he never gave over his effort until it was attended by successful completion. He held a most chivalric feeling for women, and |K)s.sessed for them the greatest sympathy, and this quality in his nature made his presence in the sick room like a ray of sunshine. His lab(>rs as a physician also brought to him an intimate knowledge of tlie horrors of the liquor habit such as few men possess :

S7r, COMPENDIUM OF HISTORV .1X1) GENEALOGY

and lie put lortli every effort in Iiis ])o\\er tn suppress iriteini)eraiice and

to arouse public sentiment concernini^ the e\ils of intoxication, lie

was a leader in the tenii)erance movements in his count)-, and lonj^ served as the president of the organized tcmi)crancc movement there.

Dr. Green's figlu was again alcohol as a beverage, just as his fight against opium was against its abuse. He recognized both drugs as

God-given, and ];rescribed them when lie thought the occasion demanded them. He was ihoroughly consistent in his beliefs and in his jiractice.

Dr. Green's loyalty in citizenship was manifested in particular measure l)y his co-operation in behalf of the Union cau.se at the time of the Ci\il war. His utterances, his writings, bis means and his time, were given to uphold the government at W'a.shington and to promote the cau.^e of humanity. In the early days of the war almost every physician offered his services as a surgeon to the state troops, but it was found that tvil results from this course followed. Many men un- trained and untried in the practice of medicines volunteered, and threatened a danger to the soldiers often greater than that of the bullets of the enemy. Tt became necessary to establish a Iward to examine all surgeons who ministered to the Pennsylvania troops, examinations being held in Harrisburg, Philadelphia and Washington, and Dr.

Green was made a member of the State Medical Board in 1861 and again in 1862.

Dr. (ireen v%as for many years a member of a church, and it is ])erhaps in his Christian life' and faith, that we find the true .secret of his kindliness, his .sympathy and his usefulness in the world. Rev. Mr.

Haines at the funeral services said

"We are very thankful that those who best knew and loved Dr.

Green, who truly appreciated the lofty type of his character, did not wait until after his departure to give worthy and deserved praise for OF THE STATE OF PEyNSYLVANIA. 877

all that he was and accomplished among us. It is a source of great gratification to his many friends that on more than one memorable occasion when he was the honored center of interest, there was laid l)efore him \ery sincere tributes of respect and affection. Who of us shall ever forget the celebration of his eightieth birthday, four years ago, on the 25th of May. 1893? -^1' ^'^^ flowers of love have not been

kept to spread upon his grave: all praise has not remained unspoken until after he left us. It has well been said since his translation. "Witii

the death of Dr. Cireen there ends one of the most useful careers of any

man who has made Easton his home.' We cannot improve on such a

fitting and just statement as this. He always thought life worth

the living; yes. he mad^ his life to l)e worth the living.

He delighted m life, in its joys, in its sunshine, in its friend-

ships, in its woik and in its demands ujxjn him. 'It is good to be

alive" v.as the language of his life. He enjoyed young life: he easily

made friends with the young, and kept them as friends until the end.

Thus he kept his own heart young. He did not separate his life as a

physician from his life as a Christian. He lived as the Christian

physician before us: his Christianity was not hid: his Christian character was manifest to ail. He always sought to arrange his duties as

a physician so tliat they wouKl not interfere with his duties as a member

of his church. I know of no physician with a practice so large and

demanding who has been more faithful in attending divine worship on

Sundays and at midweek services than was Dr. Green. He believed

in all good causes : he gave much strength and attention to the work

of the American Bible Society, to the American Tract Society, to Sab-

bath observance and to temiicrance reform at a time when temijerance

reform was far from jxjpular in this place. In every movement that

had for its pu.pose the promotion of the good of the world, he wa< 878 COMPENDIUM Ol- HISTORY AND GENEAl.OuV

interested and lore ik^ iiisi.c;nirK-ant jiart. Often, as the cliairnian of a meeting, calletl to advance the nmial \\ell-l>eing of tlie coinnuinity, was

liis voice heard; and al\va\s did iiis words carry weiglit willi tiiein,

as he Sduglit to furtiicr sonic good cause, lie tools delight in giKxl people; he wclc<'nied tn his home many a person who came here for

the ]/urpose of adxancing some foini of hcneliceiit endeavor. lie he-

liexed in and practiced Christian hospitality in a \ery cordial and

hearty way."

MAJOR \M\\ (;iii<:i':x McC.\LLl:^.

Major Levi Gheen McCauley, of West Chester, I'ennsyhania, who made a hrilliant record as a soldier during the war of the Rehellion, and

has since rendered valuable service to ihc slate in \;irious imi)ortanl

])uhlic positions, is of Irisli ancestry, descended from Hugh and Mar- garet (Means) McCauley. Hugh McCauley was horn in the county of

Armagli, Ireland, and married after his coming to this country.

John McCauley. son of the parents hefore named, was horn July 29.

1804. in Concord, Delaware county, Pennsylvania, where he attended

the ])uhlic schools. He was a farmer for a time in Chester county, hut

in 1843 went to Harrishurg ;uid hecanie nian;iger of ircju works in the

counties of Dauphin and Luzerne. He was a man of line Inisiness quali-

fications and excellent character, a member of Grove church (Methodist)

at West Whiteland. and of the Masonic order. Originally a Democrat,

he Ijecame a Republican at the outbreak of the rebellion. In 1834 he

married Lydia Gheen, who was born in East Goshen, August 31, 1815,

a daughter of Levi Gheen, of East Goshen, Chester county. Of this

marriage were l)orn the fallow ing named children: i-2. Elizabeth and

Margaret, twins, born April 13, 1835; the last named d'cd in infancy.

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 881

3. Levi Glieen. to l)e written of hereinafter. 4. William Cooper, born

May 6, 1839, and died January 3, 1902. 5. Mary Gheen, torn in 1840, and died in 1854. 6. Jfiiin Roberts, who resides at Susquehanna, Penn- sylvania. 7. James Niel, Ixjrn February' 18. 1845, ^"^1 *l'cd May 9, 1881.

8-9. Freeman H. and A. C. Bayard, twins, burn in 1847, '^oth deceased.

10. Charles H., died in infancy. The father of these children died in

W^est Chester, September 11. 1889, and the mother died April 4, 1850.

Le\i Cilieen McCauley, tliird child and eldest son of John and Lydia

(Gheen) McCauley, was lj

Railway Ciini])any. at Susquehanna. Karly in 1859 he went to Ala- bama, and was successfully engaged in tlic development of the iron interests in tliat state luitil eaily in iS^n. wlien signs of impending war impelled him to sacrifice his immediate interests and liasten home.

With splendid patriotism, the elder McCauley recruited a battalion of two hundred men hi Susquehanna county, within a few days after

tlie firing upnn bUrt Sumter, and Le\ i with two of his brothers entered its ranks. Mr. McCauley was unable t

I'Vom the outset, young McCauley gave evidence of all the qualities which mark the thorough sold.ier. He displayed the i^ersonal courage :

882 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

characteristic of his blood, and jiossessed those traits of lendership wliich

ins])ired confidence in his fellows and wnn the rejieated commendation nf his sui)eriors, and his iironiotion was rapid. Soon after enterinj^ the service lie Was made orderly sergeant; November 20, 1R61, he was commissioned first lieutenant of Company C. and he was promotefl to the captaincy. July 20. 1863. He was barred from further lineal advancement on account of want of vacancies in the higher grades, but at the conclusion of the war he was brevetted major of I'nited States Vol- unteers, "for gallant and meritorious services during the war." his commission bearing the presidential signature. But lie had paid a dear price for the honors accorded him, leaving his right arm on the bloody field of Charles City Cross Roads, on the sixth day of the desperate

"Seven Days Battle." The story was told with thrilling power by his

]icrsonal friend and commanding officer (Colonel 1'.. B. Har\ey) in the following communication to the "American Republican." slKjrtly after the war

"Le\-i McCauley was one of the l)est and most trustworthy and valuable men in my regiment. His devotion and hflehty to the cause and to duty secured him an early promotion from private to a captaincy.

At Drainsville he was specially noted for his firmness and determination and success as a commanding officer, performing duties many others shrank from. At Mechanicsville. the battle of the seven days fighting around Richmond, Ca]itaiii McCauley and Ca]itain King were specially directed to guard a fordway across the Chickahominy, and at the extreme left of the battle line. Twice they repelled a rebel efifort to cross the stream. So successfully and well done were the acts that General

McCall personally desired to thank McCauley and King for saving the battle that day to our forces at that point. OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 883

"At riaincs Hill l;atllc, on the next day. wiiile Captain McCauley's cnmpanv, was decimated, lie kc])t liis men in order and steadily at work.

"At Charles City Cross koads, after the conflict liecame confused

and disorder and disors^anization seemed to prevail. I ordered Captain

McCaulcy to support a battery, while other companies gave attention

to a llankinti party. The rebels charged on the battery. McCauley

rallied his men. and, with others ordered to his aid. he retook the guns

after a hand-to-hand fight over them, and slaughtered the foe. Mc-

Cauley was shot in the arm.

"The victory was his. 'i'he guns and anmuuiition were removed

from the field. McCauley had his right arm amputated, and was taken

prisoner that night by the reliels."

Major McCauley was conveyed to Libby prison, where he lay in

miserable plight for want of adequate surgical treatment and nourish-

ing food for a period of se\ent\' days. Only his iron constitution, ex-

cellent hrdiits and indomitable resolution jireserved his life during this

distressing tiiuc. lie was paroled August 13, 1862, and transferred to

David Island Hospital, and afterwards invalided home. He was sul)-

se(|uently on recruiting duty in llarrisburg until January, 1863, when he

was regularly exchanged. Incapacitated for field service, he was as-

signed to duty in the department of W'.'ishington and was retained until

luue, 1866, more than a year after the close of the war, when he was

honorably discharged.

Returning to West Chester, Major McCauley busied himself in

financial and commercial affairs, and his excellent business ciualificatioiis

cnalilcd liini to afford most u.seful aid in the establishment and develop-

ment of wiriiius enter[)rises ccMiducivc to the interests of the coiumunity

at large. He h.'is been i)articularly identified with the West Chester

Gas Company, of which he iK'came general manager in 1873; the West 884 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Chester State Normal School, of which lie has been a trustee for fifteen

years; and is now president of the hoard: the Farmers National I'.rink

of West Chester and the Coatesville Gas Company, in each of which he

has long been a director: and the Good Will Fire Company, of which he

was president for five years.

Major McCauley has been for many years prominent and useful

in the civil and political afYairs of the county and state. .\ Republican

from his early manhood, his first vote was cast for Galusli;' .\. Grow for

Congress, in 1858. From those days he has been an earnest and ag-

gressive advocate of the j)rinciples of liis party, which has called him

to various high positions of honor and trust. In 1867-6S he was assist-

ant sergeant-at-arms of the state senate. In i86g he was elected register

of wills of Chester county. In 1897 lie was elected auditor general of

Pennsylvania, and he displayed conspicuous ability in that high office.

He was chairman of the Chester county Republican committee from

1886 to i8go, when he declined re-election. He has frequently been a delegate to county, congressional, district and state convention.s.

Major McCauley was one of the early memliers of McCall Post,

No. 31, Grand Army of the Republic, in which he is a past commander,

and one of the trustees. In igo2 he was elected commander of the de-

partment of Pennsylvania, and during his term f)f f)ffice has traveled

more than twehc thousand miles in his visitations to the various posts.

Warmly devoted to the highest interests of the order and the cause

which it seeks to aid. he has exerted himself most zealously in l)chalf

of the Soldiers' Orphans' Commission, of which body. he is vice-presi-

dent.

Major McCauley was married October 6. 1870, to Isal>ella Dar-

lington, born May 7, 1844. in \\^est Chester, a daughter of Hon. Wil- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 885 liam and Catharine (Paxson) Darlington. Major and Mrs. McCauley

Iiave a Ijeautiful residence at 22 West Chestnut street. West Cliester.

Pennsylvania.

WILLIAM JACOB HELLER.

William Jacob Heller, historian and manufacturer of Easton, has long heen numliered among the patriotic citizens of the land, and he was largely instrumental in instituting the movement that resulted in placing the .\nicrican (lag ^.\\y^\^ the schoolhouses in the country. He comes of a family noted for loyalty and patriotic service, eleven of his

family having fought for the independence of the nation in the Revo-

lutiduarv war. He is a direct descendant of Christopher Heller, who

was l)urn in Petersheim. in the province of Paltz, in the Palatinate of

Germany, in n')88. He emigrated to .\merica in 1738. arriving in

Philadelphia. Penn.sylvania. on the 5th of September of that year. He

established his iiome in what is now Milford township, in the south

part of Lehigh county, and there died in 1788. having become a cente-

narian. He had six sons. Of these Joseph, born in 17 19, die

ried in 1800. Johan Simon Heller, the second son. was Ijorn in 17^1.

and on attaining his majority purchased a farm in Lower Saucon town-

ship, Nortliampton county, where most of iiis children were liorn. In

1763 he remoxed to PlainfieUl. Cumberland county, where his death

occurred in 1783. He was one of the founders of the Lower Saucon

churcii and aftc;ward removed to Plainfield, where he assisted in the

organization of the Reformed church in tliat township. His patriotic

spirit was manifested liy acti\e military service in the French and

Indian war. He had sixteen children, of whom Jacob, John, Abraham

and Simon served in the Continental army. 886 COMPENDICM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Jnlinn Miclinci HcIlcr. tliird son nf Cliristnplicr Ilcllcr. was horn in 17^4 and died in 1^03. Early in life lie pureliased a farm r}n Saucon creek, in wliat is now llellcrlown, and in 174'') huill a stone house wliieli is still standing-. He hccanie the founder of TIellcrtown. and was an extensi\c landowner of his ])art of the county, hut lost \ery liea\ily tlirmigii the de]ireciation of currency durint;; the i\e\olulion, which, with his contrihntiiMis to the ])atriot cause, and his gift of several hundred-acre farms to his children, left him comparatively a poor man at the time of his death, llis teaiu was the first to leave Saucon \-alley loaded with jirovisions for the star\in,

l)a\iil lleller. son of Johan Michael TIeller, was the great-great- grandfather of William |. lleller. He married l'"Iix.al)elh. daughter of John Ladenmecher. :nid their children were Catherine, who was horn in 1773, and died in 177^'); Susanna, horn in 1774 and died in

1776; Eiizal)eth, who was horn in 1775. and married Jacoh Roth, who hecame the owner of the homestead east of llellertown; .Michael, who was born in 1777 and died in 1816: na\id. who was horn in 1778.

and Ijecame a tanner at Lehighton, PennsyKania ; Joh, who was horn in 1780 and died in 1822; Catherine, who was horn in 1780 and died in 1796; Yost, who was horn in 1783; Susanna, horn in 1784; Maria, horn in 1786; Joseph, l)orn in 1788, who made his home in Philadelphia; and Rosanna, who was horn in 1789 and died in :8i 1.

Yost Heller, the great-grandfather, was reared upon the home farni and in his early youth was full of life, fun and merriment. Many a laugh did he cause in the neighhorhood hy his merry ])ranks, hut he also commanded the resjicct of friends and neighlMjrs, and, as the years advanced, his attention was given to work that i)ro\c(l of henefit to the OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 887

coninnmity almig' niatcrinl and moral lines. He was the first deacon

(it Appol's chnrcli. and reared lii>^ faniilv acconlinj^ to its teachings, while its principles formed the rule of his own conduct. He was married to FJizaheth Shafifer. of a prominent family of Lehigh county, and

their : children were Jacoh EIizal)eth. who I^ecame Mrs. Bachman ; and

Mary, who became Mrs. Weiss, and afterwards Mrs. Rice.

Jacnl) Heller, the grandfather, was horn in 1H04 and died in

Easton in 18S1. i'.rnught up in the faith of the church, according to his teachings he also reared liis family in the same way. He married

Sarah P.ellis, of Lower Saucon, and their children were: Elizabeth, horn in 1S23: William, horn in 1S27; Josiah B., iKirn in 1829; JacolD, Sarah. John. Susan and Emma.

Josiah r.. Heller, the father of \\'illiam Jacob Heller, was l)orn in

182Q, and pursued his education in a school at Hellcrtown. and under

Dr. Vandcrvcer, at Easton. Subsequently he engaged in teaching in

Easton and in sm-rounding townshi|is, and he als(^ was numlx?re

.\fter devoting a number of years to educational work, he engaged in farming for a decade, riid then icturued to Easton, where he conducted a transfer freight line for many years. He was one of the early members of the Iu

])olitical allegiance was given to the Democracy, which he continued to sujiport until his death, on the 3th of Decemlier, 1898. He marrietl

Susan Hcinlcin. of I-'orks township, Northampton, a descendant of

George Heinlein, captain of the Durham township militia during the

Ue\()lution. Their children were: George B.. born in 1S53; William

J., born in 183;-; Arthur 1'., born in 1864, and died in 1903; and Lizzie

May, b.irn in 1869, and married Chester Seip. 888 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

William J. Heller is indebted to various institutions of Kaston,

Pennsylvania, U>r the educational jirixileges he enjoyed in his youth.

After |)uuing aside his text Ixioks he followed various pursuits, and

l)ecanie quite widely known Ijecause v)f his artistic talent and ability.

In 1886 he established his present business, the manufacture of flags,

opening the first exclusive tlag factory in the United States. His

business has constanth- grown in volume and importance, and to-day

he manufactures nearly one-half of the flags used in this country. While

witnessing the decoration of a public building for a celebr.atiiin, the idea

occurred to him that the nation's emblem should be seen o\er the

school buildings of the country in order to foster a s])iril of pritrintism

among the children of the Iruid. lie 1)egan discussing the idea with the

prominent peo])le of his locality, and in fact, was the founder of the

movement which has embodied his ideas, and deserves great credit for

instituting the patriotic movement which swept over the country in 1892.

He is po])ular arid well known rnnong the workers in p.'itriolic circles,

and has bad many honors conferred upon bim by the Woman's Relief

Corps, the .Vational Congress of Women, and many other national

organizations. He is a charter member of the (ieorge Wa.shington

Memorial Association to promote the establishment of the University

of the I'nited States. lie is an honorary meml)er of the various lead-

ing women's clubs in many parts of the country, and he has lectured

in all of the pruicipal cities of America upon patriotic occasions. His

lecture (m "The Evolution of Our Xational Ensign" is universally

known. Histor\ has always been, a most interesting studv to him,

and he believes in promoting every line of thought that will foster a

love of country and its people. He has made a study of the local Indian

history during his leisure hours, and is now engaged in compiling data

for a history of the Forks of the Delaware. He is a life member of OF THE ST.-ITE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 889

tlie Historical Snciety of IVnnsyl\ania, a member of tlie Pennsylvania

Cerman Societv, a member of tbe Rucks County Historical Society,

and an iionorary menil)cr of various bistorical societies in this and

adjoining state:;. \]r takes an acti\e part in public affairs in his city,

and is a memhcr of tiie board of trade of Easton and of the Royal Arcanum.

Mr. llcller was married May 5. 1877, to Miss 'i'iliic A. Lesher. a

daughter of George Lesher, and a lineal descendant of George Leosch,

of Tuli)eh(Kken, I Jerks county. I'ennsyhania. who gave so generously of his means to assist the struggling Moravians when they first

landed in tiiis country. His memory is yet perpetuated by the record

of his goofl deeds preserved in tlie Moravian Archives. Mr. and Mrs.

Heller l)ecamc liie parents of three children, lint the two sons died in

early ciiildhood. Their daughter. Bessie Evchii I teller, is a lineal

descendant of sixteen Revolutionary soldiers.

CHARLES HENRY HART.

Charles Henry Hart, lawyer, art critic and historian, was born in

Philadeli)liia. b'cbruary 4, 1847, ^'^'i "^ Samuel and Jnha (Leavey)

Hart. On the jaternal side he is of Dutch descent. His mother, who

was a native ot London, England, was of English ancestry on her

father's side. Her mother was the daughter of a Frenchman named

Andrade. whose wife was a Spanish lady named Rodriquez.

His early education was acquired in private schools and under the

direction of special tutors. His legal studies were pursued in the office

of Hon. Samuel H. Perkins, and also in the law department of the

University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1869,

lia\ing been admitted to the bar in November of the previous year. 890 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

For twenty-five years lie practiced law in I'liilailelpliia. rising rapidly

in the profession, and accpiiriiig- a reputation as an alile and conscientious

coimselor. In cases of an intricate or complex character wherein ini-

liortant issues were imolved. lie e\iiiced an especial aptitude, sludi- ousl}- determining their actual legal merits, and preparing them for solution in a thoroughly conipreheiisi\e manner. His keen powers of l)erception and profound legal thought were especially displayed in the

famous North American Land Company's case, which he forced to a final settlement after it had passed through more than fourscore years of litigation. A serious railroad accident early in 1S94 so disabled him as to necessitate his confinement within doors for a |)eriod of two years, and finally resulted in his peniianent withdrawal from practice.

Since his recovery from the more serious effects of his accident, he has (lc\'oted his time exclusively to literature and art. in both of which he has from his youth been a close student, .\side from being one of the best known art critics in .\merica, he is recc^gnized on lK)th sides of the .\tlantic as an expert in historical jxjrtraits. his dictum having in more than one instance been adopted by the National Portrait Gal- lery, London. His pen has e\er been acti\e in advocating the sujjeri- ority of English art to that of the hVench. :iiid to bis earnest endeavors may be attributed no small measure of the i)resent high appreciation in the L'nited States of the works of English artists. He has also been ceaseless in bis investigation into the history of art in .\iiierica. and in an article contrilaited to "Harper's Magazine" for March. 1898, he proves quite conclusively that Gustavus Hessclius, of Sweden, who came over in 171 1. was the earliest artist of iKjte in .\merica, of whom we have any knowledge. For this work he received the special thanks of

King Oscar of Sweden. He was selected as chairman of the committee on retrospective art at the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, ^^^'^ OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 891

as such he rtMulcicd a most ini]Mirtant service in bringing t<>getlier and

classifyin,<4 the exhibition of American pictiu'es.

Mr. i hut has l]ecn a director of tlie Mercantile Library of Phila-

delphia since 1S79. originating,^ and editing its Bulletin of Additions.

He has been a director of the I'ennsyKania Academy of b'ine Arts since

1882, and as chairman of tiie exhibition committee he instituted in 1SS7 the first exhibition of historical ])ortraits in this country. He also prepared tlie catalogue of the collection, which has since l«come a hand-

book of reference. He was appointed a memljer of the committee of

lifty formulated for arranging the celebration in N'ew York city in 1889 of the centennial anniversary of the inauguration of President Wash-

ington, being the onlv non-resident thus honored. Prior to his maj(jrity,

Mr. 1 larl was connected with si.\ ])roniinent literary bodies, namely:

the Xumisniatic ruid .Xiitiquarian Society f)f Philadelphia. Historical

Society of Pennsylvania, American F.ntomological. Maine Historical,

New England Historic-Genealogical, and I-ong Island Historical societies. Subse(|ueiul\- be was elected a corresponding member of the Nu- mismatic and .\rchaeol(jgical Society of Baltimore, the Massachusetts,

Virginia, (ieorgia. Maryland. Rhode Island, and other historical societies; the .\inerican .\ssociation for the .\dvancement of Science; the

F.s.sex Institute of Salem, Mas.sachusetts : and the New York Genealog- ical and Bio.graphical .Society. He is also a member of the Academy of

Natural Sciences and of the .\mcrican Historical Association, and an honorary member of the New Jersey Historical Society and of the Phila- delphia Society of Etchers.

Mr. llarl"s bibliography comprises upwards of fifty published

works upon art. historical and biographical subjects. Many of the latter

were written for the Ninnismatic and .\ntiquarian Society of Philadel-

[ihia, while serving as its bistoriograpber. and among them are sketches 8!t2 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY ASP CB.MLiLOGV

of William Willis. Gillian C_nininiclin \'cri)laiu-k. Richard S. I'icld.

George Ticknor, William Beach Lawrence, Samuel S. lialdenian. Lewis

H. Morgan, George Sharswood an

"Bibliographia Lincolniana." ".Vhrahani Lincoln's Tlace in History."

"Turner, the Dream Painter." "The Story of a i'ortrait." "Original

Portraits of Washington," "Franklin in Allegory," Life I'ortraits of

IJenjamiii Franklin, Daniel Webster, Alexander Hamilton. Andrew

Jack.son. Henr}' Clay and Thomas Jefferson : Memoirs of Colonel John

Xixon. Robert Morris, and ^L^ry \\'hite— Mrs. Robert Morris. Mr.

Hart contributed to the last Edinburg edition of the "Encyclopaedia

Britannica." at the request of Professor Robertson Smith, the articles upon "Philadelphia" and "Gilbert Stuart." and has published in the

"Century Magazine" a series of fifteen illustrated articles on Stuart's

Portraits of Women. This is to be followed In- a series of Stuart's Por- traits of Men. His last published work is a sujierb rpiarto volume entitled "Browne's Life Masks of Great Americans." and he is at present engaged in seeing through the press an exhaustive work upon the engraved portraits of Washington, which he has prepared for the Grolier

Club in New York. Mr. Hart's "talk" to the I-'ellowship of the Penn- sylvania Academy of the l-'ine Arts, called "Hints on Portraits and How- to Catalogue Them." is accepted as an authoritative treatise.

On November i6. 1869. Mr. Hart was married. In- the Rt. Rev.

W. 11. Odenheimer, Bishop of New Jersey, to .\rmine Nixon, a great- grandflaughter of Colonel John Nixon, who on July 8, 1776, proclaimed for the first time to the peo])le of the colonies the Declaration of Inde- jiendence, in the Statehouse Yard at Philadelphia. Mrs. Hart, who died

June II. 1897, was also a great-granddaughter of Roljert Morris, signer of the Declaration, and financier of the .\nierican Revolution. :

or THE STATE OF PENKSVLVANLA. 893

GEORGE W. BIDDLE.

George W. Biddle. LL.D., tor twenty years the leader of the Phila- delpliia liar, was Ijcjrii in I'hiladelphia. January ii, 1818, the son of

Clement Cornell and Mary (Barclay) Biddle.

He was educated at Mount St. Mary's College. Maryland, and subsequently studied law in the offices of his uncle, James C. Biddle, and of the Hon. John Cadwalader. being admitted to the Philadelphia bar on

January 10, 1839. .\t once he began that career of successful effort which gradually bore its fruit in the general acknowledgment of his leadership in the I'hiladelphia bar. At dififerent times Mr. Biddle held the offices of school director, common councilman, and trustee of the gas works of Philadelphia. He represented the first senatorial district in the convention of 1873 to re\ise and amend the constitution of the state of Pennsylvania. He afterwartl represented the constitutional convention when the question of their right to submit that interest to the jjeople was called in question, and was successful in defending that right.

Among other famous cases in which he appeared was that in which he represented the Democratic party in the contest in Florida over the vote of that state in the Hayes-Tilden presidential controversy of 1876. He also represented the United States in one of the fishery disputes between this country and Canada.

Mr. Biddle was a member of the .\merican Bar Association, and among the papers read by him l>cfore that and other learned bodies are

"An Inquiry Into the Proper Mode of Trial;" "Lien of the Debts of a

Descendant on His Real Estate in Pennsylvania;" "Retrospective Leg- islation:" "Contribution Among Terre-Tenants." and "Chief-Justice

Taney. His Relations to and Influence on the Federal Constitution."

He also prepared an inde.x to the English Common Law Reports. 894 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Mr. Biddle married Maria McMiirtrie, and liad tliree children:

George, Algernon Sydney and Arliiur Biddle. L'pon the death of the

two former, Mr. Biddle gave to the University of Pennsylvania, as a

memorial to them. o\er fi\e thousand \nlumes. to form the nucleus of

a l;i\v lihrary, to he known as the George and Algernon Sydney Biddle

Liiirary.

\\ lien Aithur Biddle died, in [""^'jj. his widow adde

lection alxint four thousand xnlunics. and the entire lihrary is now

known as the Biddle Law Lihrary, and is located on the second fl

the new law building of the university. George \\'. Biddle died in

Philadelphia, April 29, 1897.

WILMER WORTIIINGTON THOMSON.

Wilnier Worthiiigton Thomson, editor of the "Daily Local News,"

West Chester, Pennsylvania, was Ixirn March 26, 1842, in Willistcwn

township. His parents, Aaron B. and Harriet (Evans) Thomson,

were also l)orn in the same township, and his paternal grandparents,

David Thomson and Phebe Thomas were natives of the county.

Aaron B. Thomson was educatetl in the common schools, but he

was taught so thoroughly and added so largely to his knowledge thrdugh

private studies, tliat he became a well eciuip])ed teacher and gave his

long life most usefully to schriol w(irk in Chester county, and almost to the time of his death at the age of eighty-two years. To him were

liorn four children, of whom three were also teachers for longer or shorter periods.

I. Joseph Addison Thomson, who after teaching school for some

years entered the consular service in Washington. In 1870 he Iwcame

editor of the Chester "News." He subsequently returned to accept ap- 7na^i<^

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 897

]K)intineiit as postmaster at Mclia, and died while occupying that posi-

tiun. lie married Rel:)ecca L. Owen, and tliey became the parents of

three daughters and one son. The son and one of the daugliters arc

living.

2. Mary Emma was also a teacher prior to her marriage to John

O. K. Robarts of Phoenixvillc, editor of the "Messenger." Three chil-

dren were lx)rn < f their marriage, of whom one is living.

3. Milton Wilson Thomson, deceased, was a teacher for many

years, and afterward a machinist in the Phoenixville Iron Works. He

married Emaline \\ ersler. and they liecame the parents of six children.

4. W'ilmer W'orlliiutjtnn Thomson was educated in the public

schools and labored fdr a number of years in the iron works in Phcenix-

\illc. Circumstances, however, soon led him to the profession in which

he found his life work. While yet a workman in the iron works he

wrote local correspondence for county papers, and he also published an

ad\ertising sheet. "Everybody's Business.'" having the printing done in

Philadelphia and distributing the paper himself in Phoenixville and

Pottstown. This paper was discontinued after a year and Mr. Thom-

son then l:)egan the publication of the "Weekly Legal Tender," at

Phoenixville, a local sheet, which was continued for one year. Some-

what later he took up correspondence for the West Chester Jeffersaniaii.

and six months afterward (in .\ugust, 1871), became local editor of the

paper, a position which he relinquished in the following year, to assist

in founding the journal with which he has since been uninterruptedly

connected.

The germ of the Daily Local Ne^cs was the publication by Mr.

Thomson of the Divily Iii^-tittitc Nezn's, during the five days' session of

the Teachers' County Institute in the early fall of 1S7J. This was a small four-page sheet issued each morning, containing the program for 898 COMPENDIUM ()! HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

the (lay. and se\-eral cnlunins of local news, with some aiKcrtiseiiients.

The little jmirnal, whiili was distrihiitcd free, met with such l'a\(ir in the eyes of the husiiicss comniuiiity as well as of the teacliers, and its discontinuance, when the occasion for its ])nl)licatioii had ended. evoked such ex])ressions oi regret, ih.it Mr. Thomson was encouraged to essay the introrluction of the flaily l.ocal Xizcs. in association with

Mr. William II. Ifodgson, its puhlislier. The lirst issue, on Xovember

19, 1872, was a diminutive four column folio, with a page size of iij4 by 8-)4 inches, 'idie enter])rise was entered u])ou without solicitation f>f a subscription or an advertisement and the lirst two issues were distributed gratuitously. It is not the province (jf the writer of these pages to present a history of the journal which had so modest a l)cginning.

Suffice it to say th;it the Pailx Local News steadily grew in fa\'or, soon

ac(|uiring ;i l.irgc patronage and making repeated enlargements, until it lias long been known as one of the most important journ.als in the state outside the great fin.'uicial and commercial centers. It has stead- fastly adhered to the princi])lcs which actuated its coming into existence

— that of being fair and liberal to all parties, sects and creeds. This p(.)licy has found ap])reciation by such generous patronage that the ]);iper was long since obliged to install a ]>l.'nit of metro])oliian pat- tern and extent, with ])erfecting |)resses. linoty])e machines and a complete stereotyping outfit. It is of interest to note, in this connection, that this was tlie first inland newspaix-r office in the L'nited States to call to its service a perfecting press. Through all these years, from its initial number to the present time, Messrs. Hodgson and Tliomson have been the sole conductors of the Nn^'s. the former named in the capacity of proprietor and the latter named in that of editor.

A facile and forceful writer, Mr. Thomson has not confined his labors to his own newspaper, but has l)een an industrious contributor or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 899

tn various otlicr jmirnals. For a loiijj time he was local correspondent li)i" tiic i\'('Ti' )'iiyk Herald, and lie was fur twenty-two years correspondent fur the I'luhidclplna 'I iiiics, and for ele\'en years for the Pliila- dclplita Pcd'^cr. Vnr ilie i)ast several years he has l)een the local correspondent for llic PhiUidrlp/iia Press, and lie lias been the West

Chester representative of tlie Associated Tress and the Philadelphia pA'i'iiiiii^ Tclci^rtipli for several years past. He ,s;ave evidence of artistic taste in his early ynulli, ami later in life became a pn])il of Carl Weber.

I'aintini;' in oil and water colors is his favorite ])nrsuit in his leisure hum's, and his works ha\e long been in demand for presentation, purposes.

Mr. Tliomsun enlisleer of the I'lKeni.x Military Band of Phoenixville, and

served thruns.;liont the three months' service i)criod. In 1S62 he l)ecame

chief clerk to Capt. John l*". Hazleton, A. O. M., Second Brigade,

'riiird Division, Third ,\rmy Corps (later of the Si.xth Corps), and

for several months wis chief clerk to Caj)!. McKee, C. S.. of the same brigade, division and corps. In 1864 he was given the jx^sition of roll

clerk to Capt. J. C. Atann. .\. O. M., of Post at Winchester, Virginia,

;md remained in that position until May _'4, 1865. when the clerical

corps was disbanded at Camp Stoneman, near Washington. Imme-

diately following the discharge at Camp Stoneman, he was apix)inted

chief clerk to Major Forsythe, on General Kirkpatrick's staff, then

])reparing to go to Texas, but sickness interfered and he was released

from the obligation.

Mr. Thunisun was marrictl to Miss b'rances O. Wilson, daughter

of .\lcxandcr Wilson, of Newark. New Jersey, who was a merchant,

at one time ;i member of the legislature, and at the time of his death

was connecteil with the Xcw York City postoffice. Mrs. Thomson was 900 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

educated in the public nnd select schools in Xcwark. and in tlic Somer-

ville. New Jersev. Seminary. The children l)orn to Air. and Mrs.

Thomson were: i. Nellie Ci.. who became the wife of Charles H.

Morgan, of West Chester, and to whom were horn two children ; 2.

Elizabeth Wilson; 3. William Hodgson; 4. Rachel P. Thomson.

JOSEPH SHORTLIDGE, M. A.

Professor Joseph Shortlidge, M. A., founder and principal of

Maplewood Institute, is of Scotch-English ancestry. On the jiatcrnal

side he is a descendant of the Chandlers and Gawthrops. and on the

maternal side of the Huttons and Pughs. all prominent families in

Delaware and adjacent counties. Through the Chandlers he traces

his line to the Norman French of England, and he is related to the

Kirk, Stubbs, Trimble, Parrish and other highly respected Pennsyl-

vania families. The /\merican branch of the Shortlidge family was planted by James Shortlidge. who came from England alx)ut the time of the Revolution and settled in Chester county. Pennsylvania. His

son. Swithin Shortlidge, was born in the county named, lived the life of a farmer, and was a member of the Society of Friends. George

Shortlidge, son of Swithin, was born in the same place in 1800. He

was a prosperous farmer: in religion was a Friend and his jxilitical affiliations were with the Democratic party until the founding of the

Republican party in 1856. when on account of his anti-slavery sentiments he allied himself with that lx)dy. He married Martha Pugh

Hutton, of New Garden township, Chester county, Pennsylvania, a

daughter of Hyatt and Sarah (Pugh) Hutton. who was a relative of

the distinguished English mathematician. Charles Hutton. Of this union were born four sons and two daughters,—William, who engaged OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 901

in mercantile pursuits in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania; Joseph, who is

furtlier referred to in this sketch; Anna P., who became the wife of

William 11. Walker, of New Castle county, Delaware; Lydia H., who

Ijecame the wife of Prof. Augustus C. Norris, deceased, who was prin-

cipal of the W'oodstown Academy, New Jersey ; Swithin C, who became the principal of Media Academy; and Evan G., who became a physician and settled in Wilmington, Delaware, of which city he was at one

time mayor.

Joseph Shortlidge, second child of George and Martha (Hutton)

Shortlidge. was bom August i, 1832, on the family homestead in New

Garden township, where his father was Ixirn in 1800. The old farm,

wliich is now owned I)y Thomas Jeffries, lies north of and adjoins the

Walnut Run school house. Joseph Shortlidge acquired a broad education, completing courses of study in Jonathan Gause's Greenwood Dell

Academy, in Chester county, in the Williams Chemical Laboratory in

Philadelphia, and in the Fort Edward (New York) Institute, liefore

entering Vale College. He entered college in 1859. but his eyesight becoming impaired during the latter part of his freshman year from

his l>eing obliged to recite his lessons by gas light at si.x o'clock in the

morning, he was forced for a time to gi\e up his studies. He made up

the rctjuirements of the course, however, and received the degree of

Master of Arts. Upon Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania in 1863. he resixinded to the call of President Lincoln for an additional force of one hundred thousand men for six months' service. He enlisted in a company of whicli he was elected sergeant, and which, as a part of Major

Short's battalion, participated in the defense of the state, and in the subsequent operations of that jxirtion of the army.

Even while obtaining his education. Professor Shortlidge was performing useful and creditable work as a teacher. He began as a public 902 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

school teacher at Concordvillc, Pennsylvania, in 1R52. where he still pursued his studies, often walking to West Chester, a distance of eight and one-haH miles, to take French lessons. As early as 1S56 he l">egan teaching in Greenwood Dell. The following year he was princii)al of

Putnam ( Xew York) .Vcadcmy, and he was then for two years \^y\n- cipal of I''air\ille Institute, in Chester county, Pennsylvania. In 1862 he i)urchased a tract of land near the I'riends' Meeting House in Con- cordvillc. and huilt the school known as Maplewood Institute, with which his name has since l>een inscparahly associated. He was principal of this mstitution until 18S0, when he resigned in order to accept the presidency of the Pennsyhania State College, near Bellefonte, Center county. During his administration of State College he made strenuf)us efforts to establish certain changes and reforms necessary for the success of the college as an educational institution. Failing in this, he resigned and returned to Maplewood Institute, with which his connection has since licen unlirokcn. The value of Maplewood Institute and

Professor Shortlidge's great usefulness as a principal and instructor, are attested by the great numl)er of students, from the best families, who ha\e come under his charge during the fifty years of his service, many of whom have risen to eminence in the professions, in conimcrcial life, and in public place, .\mong them arc prominent lawyers, i)hysicians and others who have Ijecome conspicuous in state and national afifairs.

Exacting as are his duties as an instructor. Professor Shortlidge has not failed in his duties as a citizen, and has rendered to the public valuable service in various responsible jwsitions. For a number of years he served as school director. In 1887 he was appointed by Gov- ernor Beaver to fill an uncx])ired term of a deceased justice of the jwace, Darwin Painter, and was afterward elected and re-elected to OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 90S

the same office, wliicli lie still bnkls. He is a Friend in religion, as have been his ancestors for several generations. In politics lie is a staunch adherent of the Reimhlican party. He is a highly regarded comrade in Bradhury Post, CI. .\. R., of Media.

Professor Shortlidge was married. May 24, 1865. to Miss Caroline

B. Gaiise, a liighi\- educated lady, daughter of Jonathan and Eliza

(Bailey) Cause. Jonathan Cause was one of the most prominent educators of his day. and Professor Shortlidge was a student of his in his early school days in Creenwood Dell Academy. Mrs. Shortlidge died May 23. 1874. lea\iiig three children: Marian E., who became the wife of Jared Darlington, of Delaware county, and to whom were born

three ciiildren—Mary Edna. Charles Joseph and Caroline S. ; Charles

B.. whf> was for a time a teacher in the Maplewood Institute, and afterward liecame a i-racticing physician at Ellx>n, Pennsylvania, married

Josephme !\1. Showers, of St. Marys, Pennsylvania, November 1 7, 190 ; and J. Chaunccy. a graduate of Harvard, who is professor of Latin,

Creek. ])h\ sics and chcmisiry in Maplewood Institute.

December 21. 1893. Professor Shortlidge was married to Miss

Isabel Cawthrop Shortlidge. She is a lady of fine literary attainments and a forceful platform speaker. During Mr. McKinley's first presidential candidacy, she attracted much attention and received much commendation for her addresses in his behalf.

« Now m his seventy-second year. Profes.sor Shortlidge maintains a splendid physi(|uc. and his mental jiowers are at their liest. He gives close oversight to all jiertaining to the Institute, as well as personal instruction in Creek aii

tn the vctcnin tenclicr. The liis^li and ])ictnresque ,s;rnun(Ii^ of the Insti- tute ami a heautifiil

nccasinn. The arrangements were in charge of ri cnni])ctent Cduiniittee,

will I met the heartiest eo-operatinn uf the townsiieDijIe in carinj;- fur the visitors. Carriages were furnished for conveying guests from hoth the special and regular trains to the scene of the day's festivity. After a reception during the morning hours hy Professor and Mrs. Short- lidge, the guests listened to a literary prograiu. consisting of s])eeches, reminiscent and congratulatory, and the personal tribute of a ]K>em hy

Professor Leggett, of Concordville. .Among the speakers was Dr.

King, president of Fort Edward Institute, New York. ,'\ fine gold watch hearing a suitable inscri])tion was presented to Professor Short- lidge by his old pupils. The day will long he reinemhered as a pleasur- aiile social occasion, and as one giving to .\Iai)lewood Institute new impetus for usefulness.

REV. DAVID TULLY, 1). 1).

David Tully, D. D., of Media, Pennsylvania, was l:Kirn .August 29,

1818, in Pirgham, Scotland, and is a son of .\ndrew and Catherine

(Dickey) Tully. In 1829 they came to Canada, and settled in Peter- lioro county, Ontario, where .\ndrew Tully engaged in agricultural pursuits, in which he combined thorough knowledge with great practical skill. He and his wife were the parents of eight children, including

Da\id. The names of the others are: John, a farmer residing in

Canada; Andrew, a graduate of the second class of Lafayette College, who entered the ministry, and died in Portland, Penn.sylvania; William, a farmer in Canada: Margaret, who married Hugh McAfee; George, a farmer of Iowa; Mary, who died in 1847; ^nd Robert, who lives as a or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 905

fanner (iii tlie oM liumcstcrid. Tlic family were devoted Presbyterians.

Andrew Tiilly, the fatlicr. died in the ninctietli year of his age. and his

wife i)assed away at seventy, from the effects of a fall.

Dr. Tully was educated in the United States. In 1847 ^^e gradu-

ated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, lieing at the same

time an alumnus of Lafayette College, of Pennsylvania. In 1850 he

graduated from Princeton Theological Seminary, and the same year was ordained pastor of the Presbyterian church, Princetown, New

York. After a successful pastorate of five years he was called to the

Presbyterian church of Ballston Spa, New York, where he remained

eleven years. Shortly after the breaking out of the Civil war Dr. Tully

was elected chai)lain of the Seventy-seventh New York Volunteers, by

popular vote of the members, llis church gave him leave of absence,

and he weiU thn.ugh the campaign of (he Peninsula under McClellan,

was at the siege of Yorktown. the battle of Williamsburg, and the seven days' battle. In 1866 he was called to the First Presbyterian church

of Belviderc, New Jersey, whence he was summoned in 1872, after an

e.xtremely fruitful jiastorate, to take charge of the First Presbyterian

church of Oswego, New York. The fourteen years which he spent

there were years of much spiritual growth, and the church was in a

most nourishing condition when in 1886. he was induced to become pastor of the Mcdi;i Prcsliyteri;ui church, where he has since remained.

TTis pastorate h.'is been m.'U'kcd by much prosperity., both spiritual and

material. The church has been beautified and improved, a pipe organ

has taken the place of the old i)arlor organ, and other improvements

have lieen made. Dr. Tully has traveled extensively, has crossed the

continent several times, has been in Canada. Mexico, the West Indies,

the Ihilish Isles, and has traversed the coiUinent of Furope and visited

Palestine. Of his [xnvers of observation and of relating what he has 906 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

seen, his interesting lectures on Syria, Constantinople, and the Turks

have given abundant proof. In June. 1900, occurred the fiftieth anni-

versary of Dr. Tully's ordination to the ministry. Tliis was made the

occasion of a celebration by his ciiurch in Media, the members of which

united with his brethren in the ministry in expressing their affection

for Dr. Tully. and their heartfelt appreciation of the faithful .service

which he lias rendered among them. In addition to many letters of

congratulation from jiersonal friends, .words of loving and grateful

remembrance were received from each of the churches of which he had

formerly l)een pastor. Among the reminiscences naturally evoked by

the occasion was the memory of the time when in 1848 Dr. Tully

lalxjred in .\ll)any. Xew York, among the seamen and Ijoatmen, for the

Bethel Society of tliat city, and during the cholera epidemic in 1849.

He has since resigned tlie puljiit and the cliurcli elected him pastor

emeritus.

Dr. Tully is a life director of the .American Bible Society, a life

member of the .American Board of Foreign Missions, the American

Tract Society, and lK)th the Foreign and Home Mission Boards of

the Presbyterian church. He has represented his presbytery at the

(General Assembly eight times, and was a meml)er of the Assembly

at the reunion of the Old and Xew School Ixidies, and the representative

of the church at the first General Assembly of the Canadian church in

Toronto in 1870. In 1886 he received from Kings College, Bristol,

Tennessee, the degree of Doctor of Divinity. He is chaplain of the

G. A. R. Post of Media, is also a nieml)er of the Loyal Legion Com-

mandery of Pennsylvania, and holds the nominal office of chaplain of

the Media Fire Department. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. !t<>7

COLONEL JOSEPH \\'ILLL\MSON HAWLEY.

Colonel Josepli W^illiamson Hawley, president of tlie First

National Bank of Media. Pennsylvania, and a veteran of the Civil

war, son f)f fncl and Catherine V>. i Williamson) Hawley, was bom

in Lionville. Chester county. July 14. 1836. His early life was

passed in tlie public schools and in tiie country store owned by his

father. His further education was received in the schools of Jonathan

Cause and Dr. JManklin Taylnr. and at the West Chester Academy, then

under the ciiar<;;e of Professor William F. Wavers. Mr. Hawley spend-

ing one year at each of these schools, and in the interim teaching two

years in the public schools. At the close of the term with Professor

Wyers. the latter named offered him the position of assistant teacher,

which was accepted, and he remained in that institution until i860,

when he received the apiK>intment of paying teller in the National Bank of Ciiester County, and at once entered upon the duties of that position.

He was thus engaged in the early part of the Civil war. when President

Lincoln called for troops to repel the rebel army which, under General

Lee. was advancing into Pennsylvania. His patriotism aroused, he obtained permission from the Iward of directors to recruit a company of soldiers to aid in the protection of the state. In ten days the required

number, one hundred men. were enlisted, met at Downingtown. and organized l)y the election of Joseph W. Hawley as captain, Allen M.

Davis as first lieutenant, and Charles W. Roberts as second lieutenant, and immediately afterward took train for Camp Curtin. at Harrisburg, where Captain Hawley and the other officers received their commissions

August 12. 1862. from Governor A. G. Curtin.

Captain Hawley's company was one of the first ten to arrive at

Harrisburg, and these were formed into the One Hundred and Twenty- 008 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

t'nuith l\cj;inK'nt, reniis_\l\;inia X'oluiitcurs. Tlic rej^inient. undci" cuni- maiid of Giplain Ilawlcv, was transix)rted t(j Washington, where it became a part of tlie Army of tlie Potomac, then in motion to meet

General Lee's army moving northward. On .\ugust 16, Captain

riawlcy recci\cd from Governor Curtin hi.-^ commission as colonel, and lie led his regiment into the l)attle of Antictam on Septemher 17, 1862, being placed in position on the extreme right of the line. By nine o'clock ill liic morning the regiment was under a heavy lire in what is known as the "Bloody Cornfield." where it lost many killed and

wounded, .\mong the latter was Colonel I law ley, who received a bullet in his neck and was carried off the field to the Miller house, but, as that building was within range of the cncmys heavy guns, the wounded

were carried back into the woods and finally conveyed to Hagerstown.

.\ftcr being sufficiently recovered. Colonel Hawley was removed to his home in Lionville. 'i'hc bullet at this date (1903), still remains em- bedded in one of the Ixjnes of his neck. Uixjn recovery. Colonel

Hawley rejoined the regiment at Harper's Ferry, and served with it until ik was honorably discharged, May 17, 1863.

Returning to his duties with the Bank of Chester County, Colonel

Hawley remained but one day, when the governor of the state called

for additional troops to repel a second in\asion which General Lee was

then projecting northward. In one day one thousand troops were

raised in Chester county and forwarded to Ilarrisburg the same night.

The Twenty-ninth Emergency Regiment was formed partly from Ches-

ter county troops and partly from Delaware county men, and on June

19, 1863, Colonel Hawley was again commissioned colonel. He was

assigned to the command of a brigade consisting of his own and two

New York regiments, and to him General Couch committed the protec-

tion of the bridges of the Pennsylvania Railroad against their threatened OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. flOO

destnictidu. Lpoii llie retreat of Lee from Gettysburg, Colonel Hawley was ordered to' follow and liarass his rear, and he moved with such celerity that lie readied tiie Potomac the day previous to Lee's crossing, and iiis troops eni;;aged in a slight skirmish at Clear Spring.

Returning to his home. Colonel Hawley resumed his duties in the l)ank, wlicrc he remained nntil January i, 1S64. On that date the I'irst

National Rank of West Cliester was organized, and, l)eing offered a more liberal salary, lie acce])te(l a similar ]K)sition in this. On February

1st he was in\ited to assist in the organization of the First National

Bank of Media, wliich was o])ened March 21. 1S64, with Colonel

Hawley as cashier, a position whicli he iield until the death of its president, Thomas j. Ilaldeman, in 1894, when lie was elected to fill tlie vacancy.

The name of Colonel Hawley ajipears among the directors of various other institutions which need not be enumerated here. One of Iiis favorite fields of usefulness is tlie House of Refuge, at Glen

Mills, of which he has been a director and one of the most liberal and zealous patrons and friends for many years.

Colonel Hawley was married October 6. 1864, to Miss Anna

Miller, daughter of Levis and .\nn (Mcllvain) Miller, of Media. Their daughter ,ind only child. Mary Miller Hawley, liorn .\pril 14, 1868, was married .\ovemher 15, 1893, to Justice M. Thompson, of

Philadelphia.

JOHN FR.\XC!S ^L\HER.

John Francis Maher, educator, is a native of Ireland, having been horn in the county of Waterford. i\Lay 5, 1849. His father was Thomas

Maher, and his mother Johanna Maher, ncc Connolley. The Mahers 910 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

of W'aterfmd liave been from time imnieiiiurial proniiiieiU factors in

Irisli affairs. Thomas Maher took an active part in the pohtics of his native country in 1847-1848, being a member of wliat was tlien called

"The Young Ireland i>arty, " and his connection with the "Young Ire- landers" was the immediate occasion of his coming to the United States.

He arrived in Xew Ycjrk on .\pril 3, 1849. The Connoileys were for tlic most part farmers, some of them lieing irlentified with the cliurch.

Tiiey were as partial to a rural life of (piicl and retirement as the Ma- ilers were to the stormy doings of tiie camp or the man-of-war.

A severe cold, contracted at the age of seven, almost completely dqjrived John Francis Maher of his eyesight. This affliction greatly interfered with his early education; but at fifteen he entered the Penn- sylvania Institution for tiie Instruction of the Blind. Private tutors assisted in his preparation for the University of Pennsyhania, which he entered in 1870. He took the degree of Bachelor of Science with the class of 1874, and three years later was honored by the university with the degree of Master of Science. For several years Mr. Maher wa» private tutor of the higher mathematics and languages, and later decided to study law. He took the full course in the law department of the University of Pennsylvania, graduating Bachelor of Laws in 1891.

Since that date he has added to his subjects of teaching the law and kindred branches, being at the present time a well known quiz-master for the students in Philadelphia. In 1894 Mr. Maher was appointed

Examiner in Latin of candidates for admission to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Mr. Maher has Ijeen described by high authority as

"an accomplished teacher and scholar." He was one of the originators of the I'reelander Union, a beneficial society for the blind, of which for many years he was tlie president, and subsequently the treasurer. This society, in proportion to its membership and obligations, is financially or THE STATE 01- PENNSYLVANIA. 'JU

one of the strongest associations in the world. He is a memlier of the

Law Alumni Society of the University of Pennsylvania, the Law Asso- ciation of Philadelphia, the Sharswood Law Club, the Catholic His-

torical Society, and the American Academy of Political and Social

Science ; until recently he belonged also to the University Club and the

Mathematical CIul). lj

Mr. Maher was married July i. 1877, to Bella Milsted, daughter of Stephen Milsted and Jane Neve, his wife. Mrs. Maher was born at

St. Leonard, near Hastings, England. The Milsteds are an old family ill Kent, the name being found in tlie cliurch register of Tenterden as

far back as the year 1 100. Mrs. Maher died in 1899. Mr. Maher has no children, and resides in Philadelphia.

JAMES BAYNES WALKER, M.D.. Ph.D.

James Baynes Walker, M.D.. Ph.D.. son of Thomas Robinson and

Mar\ (Baynes) Walker, was born in Montgomery county, Pennsyl- vania, December 15. 1846. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Lewis Walker, of Rehobeth, Wales, who came to this country in

1686, and settled in Tredyffrin township, Chester county. Pennsylvania, ill the year 1700, establishing the first homestead in that locality. Mary

Baynes, whose paternal ancestors were for ctfnturies landholders in and about the city of York. England, emigrated to America with her father's family in the eighth year of her age.

James B. W'alker was educated preliminarily in the public schools of Chester Valley and at the Friends' Central School in Philadelphia.

He taught in a country school for two years, and then entered the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, where he was a student from 1867 to 1872, taking his medical degree in the latter year. For three years during 912 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Ills college course lie was a teacher in the I'riends' Centra! School.

I'Voni April. 1872, to July. 1S73, he was interne at the Phila

Hospital. He was quiz-master in materia mcdica at the uni\-ersity from

1875 to 1877, and in obstetrics frnm the latter year to 1S80: was outdoor physician to the Northern Disi^ensary, and ])hysiciau to the St.

Mary's Street Mission Dispensary, holding li«ith of these jxtsts for several years. I'Vom 1876 to 1880 he was visiting obstetrician tr) the Phila- delphia Hospital, and for the ensuing thirteen years he was visiting physician to the same institution. Called to the faculty of the Woman's

Medical College of Pennsylvania as professor of the principles and |)ractice of medicine in 1879, he retained that chair until 1890. and for the same jjcriod was visiting ])hysician and lecturer on medicine to the

Woman's Hosj^ital of Philadelphia. I'or fifteen years he lectured ujion l)hysiolog_\' and hygiene at the Friends' Central School. At the present time he is consulting physician to the West Philadelphia Hospital for

Women and Children.

Dr. Walker was one of the founders of the .\merican Climatolog- ical .Association, of which he was secretary for eleven years, and president in 1896. He is a member of the .\mcrican .\cademy of Medicine and the Pennsylvania State Medical ,\ssociation, the Philadelphia

County Medical and the Xorthern Medical societies, the College of

Physicians of Philadelphia, the Philadelphia TVliatric Society, Penn- sylvania Historical Society and the Union League Club, in which he is a member of the l)oard of directors. He has prepared se\'eral interesting papers for the medical societies, including one on "Complications in Ty]>lioid l'"e\-er," aiifl another on "Turpentine as a Remedial Agent."

In addition to his medical degree he received from the university that of Doctor of Philosophy in 1873. OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 913

Dr. Walker married, October 2, 1873. Martha M. Ahraliam, of

Montgomery count)', I'enns\I\ania : they have three children: Helen

Duer, Mary Baynes and James ,\braliam Walker.

NELSON PEREZ CORNELL.

Nelson Perez Cornell, a leading business man and public-spirited citizen of Easton, Penns\l\ania. is a representative of one of the notable

families founded l)\' I'.nglish ancestors who in the early years of the

seventeenth century left their native land to seek a home in the Amer-

ican colonies, to the upbuilding of which, as well as to the prosperity of our national life, their descendants have so largely contributed, and

ulicre the names of the emigrant forefathers are still held in lionored

remembrance.

Thomas Cornell ( i) was l)orn about 1595, in the county of Essex,

England, and married Rebecca Uriggs, sister of John Briggs. No

other details of his life have reached us. and we have no information

concerning his political opinions and religious belief, or of the part he

played in th.e storm\ and momentous period in which his lot was cast.

His death took place about \C^^^^. and his wife, who was torn in 1600.

died February 8, 1673.

Thomas Cornell (2), son of Thomas and Rebecca (Briggs) Cor-

nell, and founder of the American branch of the family, was born in

England, and married Sarah F.arl. About 1638, accomi>anied by his

wife and children, he crossed the sea and settled in the colony of Mas-

sachusetts Bay. By vote of the town meeting of Boston, held .\ugust

10. 1638, he was permitted to buy W'illiam Baulson's house, yard and

garden, and to l)ccome an inhabitant. This house was situated on what

is now Washington street, Ixitween Milk and Summer streets, Septem- ttl4 COMPENDIUM Or HISTORV AND GENEALOGY

her 6, 1638. he was licensed to keep an inn until the next general court.

In i'')43 he sold the property, and meanwhile moved to Portsmouth,

Rhode Island, where August G, 1641^ he was admitted a freeman. The same year he was made constahle, and the following year ensign. He seems, however, to have possessed a migratory spirit, and we find that, in Octoher, 1642, the local Dutch government of New .\msterdam granted him ])crmission to reside on the island, within the limits of their jurisdictinn, ahout eleven miles from the city. His arrival appreciably added to the nnml)ers (if the colonists, inasmuch as he was accompanied i)y no fewer than thirty-five families of English settlers. He made his hr)me in what is now Westchester county, where in 1642 he was granted a tract of land on the shores of Long Island Sound. 'I'his place was then and is now kudwn as Cornell's Neck. The death of this hold and achenturous pioneer occurred in 1673, presumably in this, his last-f(jund home.

Stephen Cornell (3), son of Thomas and Sarah (Earl) Cornell,

was horn in 1636. at Portsmouth. Rhode Island, was admitted a free-

man in ifiSS. married Hannah Moshier, and was the father of a son,

Stephen (4), who married, June 18, 17 19, Ruth Pierce, and died alxjut

1765. His son, Elijah (5). married Sarah, horn January 19. 174''), in

Rhode Island, daughter of Benjamin and Mehitabel Miller. The mar-

riage took place December 4, 1769, and their son, Elijah (6), was lK)rn

October 17. 1771, and moved to Ithaca, New York, where he carried

on the pottery business. In September. 1798, he was received into the

Society of Friends at the Swansea monthly meeting. He married, July

4, 1803, Eunice Barnard, born May 11, 1788. Her death occurred

March 23, 1857, and her husband expired March 2j. 1862, in the

ninety-first year of his age. Their son, Elijah (7), was born Ai)ril 11,

1808, at De Ruyter, Madison county. New York, and married, Decern- OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANL4. 015

ber 15, 1X31, Betsey Ann Berdick. 'Ilicir cliildren are: Marion E., horn May 17, 1833; Nelson Perez, mentioned at length hereinafter;

Marie, horn September J7, 1H36, married Jcmme M. Squire; and Will- iam. JMUii July 3, 1838, married Mlizaheth Moore, of Easton, Pennsyl- vania.

Nelson Perez Cornell (8), son of Elijah (7) and Betsey Ann

(Berdick) C'nrnell, was horn November 27,, 1834, at Ithaca, New York, where he rccei\ed his education in the common schools. .\t the age of fourteen he het^an life for liimscif, being employed as a messenger Ixjy by the Hon. Ezra Cornell, the founder of Cornell University, and a few years later took the ixisition of assistant [xistmaster at Enfield, New

^'ork. .\t the end of three years he returned to Ithaca, where he was employed as clerk in a grocery store, and when, a few years later, his employers moved their business to Morristown, New Jersey, he accompanied them. Imvc years after, in 1855, he was sent by the firm to take charge of a branch store which they had established at Easton, Penn- sylvania, and which had not succeeded under the management of an agent. In the hands of Mr. Cornell the enterprise soon Ijecame prosperous, .and after conducting it successfully for a number of years the firm made him the offer of an interest in the business. This he accepted, and was fully justified by the results in having done so, but after several years, thinking that an outdoor life would be more satisfactory to him. he tixik a position with the late James D. Mingle, to conduct a network of telegraph lines connecting New York, Philadelphia, Read- ing and Mauch Chunk. After completing this undertaking he returned to the grocery business, forming a copartnership with the late A. Keller

Michlcr. under the firm name of Cornell & Michler. This copartnership continued until Novemljer, 1900. when it was dissolved by the death of

Mr. Michler. The business, however, is still conducted hv Mr. Cornell 9 If, COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

under the old firm name, tlie ])restige acquired durins; the long pericxl

(if copartnership rendering a cliange of name undesiraljlc. This firm was tiie first to use electricity for husiness purposes, putting in their store a twenty-five light dynamo, which was run l)y a water-motor.

Later, in connection with Howard Rineck. of Easton. Mr. Cornell was instrumental in forming a company to furnish light and iKiwer to the citizens of that place. Notwithstanding many discouragements, and repeated objections, based on the ground that the enterprise would not pay for itself, they were successful, not only in forming a company, but in building a plant which was conceded to be one of the l)est equipped in the country. After it had I)een conducted for several years with satisfactory results, it was transferred to a Philadelphia syndicate.

During his long residence in Easton, Mr. Cornell has been identified with a number of organizations. Shortly after his arrival he liecame connected with the Keystone Eire Company, in which he held the office until, at the outbreak of the Civil war. the company was disbanded, a majority of its members enlisting in the army. He was a member of the National Guard, serving under Captains Stonelrack,

Titus and Bell, and was connected with the Easton Greys during the whole period of its existence, holding the rank of second lieutenant, and afterwards that of first lieutenant. His political principles are those promulgated and supported by the Republican party. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Mr. Cornell married. January 12, 1859, Sarah Elizabeth Tunis, of

Easton. Pennsylvania, where she was born Octoljer 5. 1839. her father,

Samuel Innis. I:)eing engaged in the printing business in that city. Mr. and Mrs. Cornell were the parents of one daughter: Jennie Berdick, who married, at Denver. Colorado, William Marston Williams, who was born January 12, 1839, at Scranton. Pennsylvania. The following OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 917

children were liorn to Mr. and Airs. Williams: Helen Cornell, born

April 8. iM

1898. On December 9. 1898. Mrs. Williams and her children sustained a severe loss by the death of the husband and father, who, on that day. passed away at his home in Easton. The married life of Mr. and

Mrs. Cornell, after extending over a pericx^l of nearly forty years, was terminated by the death of the latter, who expired May 21, 1896, deeply lamented by her family, and mourned by a large circle of friends by whom she was sincerely loved .and honored.

JOSIAH G. LEACH. A. M.

Josiah Granville Leach, of Philadelphia, lawyer and genealogist, is a native of New Jersey, born at Cape May Court House, July 27, 1842.

His jxirents were Joseph S. and Sophia (Ball) Leach.

He was educated in private schools, and was early engaged in newspaper work. In 1862-63 he served in the Twenty-fifth Regiment

New- Jersey Volunteers, and made a most honorable soldierly record.

He was promoted First Sergeant for gallantry in the Ixittle of Fred- ericksburg, and w^as subsequently advanced in turn to the rank of sergeant-major and lieutenant. At the expiration of his term of service he entered the Law Deixirtment of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1866. and he entered upon practice in the same year. A Republican in politics, he was elected to the legislature of

Pennsylvania in 1876. From 1887 to 1890 he served as commissary- general of Pennsylvania with the rank of colonel, and from 1889 to

1893 he served as appraiser of the Port of Pennsylvania.

In recent years Mr. Leach has largely declined professional en- 918 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

gagements otherwise than in an advisory way. in order to give his attention more particularly to genealogy, in wliicli he is a recognized authority, and he is almost constantly employed in tracing family fines and prqiaring elalx)rate genealogical volumes. Among his most promi-

nent works are : "Memorials Relating to the Ancestry of ex-Vice

President Levi P. Morton," 1894; "Memorials of the Reading, Howell,

Yerkes, Watts, Latham and Elkins Families," 1894: "History of the

Bringhurst Family, with Xntcs." 1901 ; all pulilislied l)y J. B. Lippin-

cott & Company, Philadelphia : and "History of the Girard National

Bank of Philadelphia."

Mr. Leach is historiogra])her of the Pennsylvania Historical So- ciety, and historiographer of the Pennsylvania Society, Sons of the

Revolution.

HENRY GRAHAM ASHMEAD.

Henry Graham .\shmead, of Chester, Pennsylvania, is a descendant of John Ashmead, who was Ixirn at Cheltenham, county of Glouces- ter, England, October 14, 1648, and emigrated to Pennsylvania in

1682, accompanied by his mother, Mary Ashmead, his wife and two children.

.\shmead and his brother-in-law, Toby Leach, had purchased from

William Penn a large tract of land in what is now Cheltenham township, Montgomery county, then included in Philadelphia, where they settled, giving to the township the name Cheltenham, a reminder of their old home in the motherland. John Ashmead died there, December

21, 1688, and his wife the following day. The shock of her husband's death (the result of an accident) was fatal to her. She was a daughter of William Currier of Cheltenham, England, where she was married,

October 14, 1677: The Zeifiz h^hshxrij d

y/.4. ^2^ t^-t(

OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 981

The eldest child. John .\slimead. was born at Cheltenham, Eng- land, July 12, 1679. and when at the age of nine years, five months and ten days, on the death of his parents, t!ie second John Ashmead became the head of the family in the new world.

This John (second) married, October 12, 1703, at Darby Meeting,

Sarah Sellers, Iwrn at Darby. July 13, 1685, a daughter of Samuel

Sellers, of Derbyshire, England, who settled in Upper Darby, Chester

county (now Delaware), Pennsylvania, in 1682. and his wife Ann,

daughter of Henry and Helen Gibbons, formerly of Pariridge, Eng-

land. John Ashmead died at Germantown. October 7. 1742. To the

marriage of John (second) and Sarah Sellers was lx)rn. May 12, 1706,

John Ashmead (3). who on August 2t,. 1734, married Ann Rush, torn

October 25. 17 16. She was the great-granddaughter of Captain John

Rush, an officer in Cromwell's army, whose sword and watch are now

in the museum in the old State House (Independence Hall), Phila-

delphia. Ann Rush was an aunt of Dr. Benjamin Rush, the signer of

the Declaration of Independence. John Ashmead (3) died July 30,

1750. His widow married Samuel Potts, and became the mother of

Major James Potts, of the Revolutionary army. To the marriage of

John Ashmtad (3) and .\nn Rush was born at Germantown. September

29. 1738. John .A.shmead (4), who became a noted sea captain. He was appointed naval constructor by the Continental Congress

in 1776. and captain of the ship "Mars." the brig "Eagle," and other

Note.—"There is an ancient family in Spain named Ashmcde. as I believe the name is spelled there, which is thought by some to be of Moorish origin. Some one had said the name possibly came from Achmet. However this may be. certam it is that a wanderer of the Germantown race of .•Kshmeads, it may be with this Moorish blood in his veins, found in England a bride in the Baroness Burdett Coiitts."—"The Germantown Road and its .\ssociations." in Penn. Mag. of History, vol. vi. p. 377. The .\shmede family of Granada. Spain, as well as the branches of that family in Mexico. Brazil, and other South .^merican countries, assert that the .•\shmcads of Pennsylvania are of the same lines as thcm.selves. and that the original emigrant to England was banished among the Moriscoes. expelled from Spain, by the edict of Philip HI, in 161 1. 922 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

vessels (it tlie Pennsvlvaiiia iiav\', \~y^-'S<2, and was engaged in action

with various British prixatcers in 177Q. In his later vears Captain

Ashniead. who was senior warden of the jxMt of IMiiladel])hia, wrote an account of his voyages and adventures l)etween the years 175S and

17S2. whicli have lieen privately printed. Thomas Twining, in his

travels in in to .\nierica 1 7. makes numerous references the Cai>-

tain, in whose vessel he was a passenger from India to Philadelphia.

Captain .\shmead. on January 28. \~(\\. married Mary Mifflin, daughter of P.enjamin Mifllin. and niece of Major Cieneral Thomas Milllin. of the

Revolutionary army, and first go\ernor of Pcnnsvlvania. Tlis wife died

May 18. 1S14. and Captain .\shnicad died June 6, i8i8.(*)

William Ashmead, fourth son and iifth child of Captain John and Mary Ashmead, was horn April 24. 177^). \\'hcn a lad of seven-

teen he married Margaret McKinlcy, daughter of William McKinley,

of Delaware, anfl of the family from which President McKinley was descended. Her mother was Margaret Wayne, daughter of John

Wayne, and granddaughter of Captain Anthony Wayne, who com-

manded four troops of horse in the army of William III. at the battle

of the Boyne. She and "Mad .Anthony" Wayne were first cousins.

To this marriage eight children were born, of whom four reached a

age; the eldest son was the distinguished Rev. William Ashmead, and

the youngest was the father of Henry Graham .Ashmead.

John Wayne Ashmead, son of William and Mary (McKinley)

.Ashmead, was born in Philadelphia, Alay 16, i8o('). His parents died

when he was harrlly more than an infant. He was reared by his three

maternal aunts, and at fifteen years of age was apprenticed to Isaac

Ashmead to learn painting. His inclination was for the law, and

(*) Sir Ellis Ashmead Bartlett and William .Ashmead Bartlelt. now Burdctt- Coiitts, are grcat-grcat-grandson.s of Captain John .\shniead. )

OF THE STATU OF PENNSYLVA.WIA. 923

entering- the office of ArchilKild Kandall. afterward judge of the United

Slates district court, he worked at his trade by day and read law by night. He was admitted to tlie Philadelphia bar. May 5, 1827. He was elected a memljer of the legislature in 1832, and was deputy attorney-general for Philadelphia under attorneys general George M. Dallas and I-illis Lewis. In 1S49 lie was appointed by President Taylor district attorney for the eastern district of Pennsylvania, and was continued in the same office i)y President Fillmore, and held the position for one year under President Pierce. W'liile m the discharge of his duties in tliat office, he conducted on behalf of the United States, in

November, 1851. the noted proceedings against Castner Han way, indicted for treason in resisting the enforcement of the fugitive slave law, wliicli Colonel McClure. in his "Recollections," declares was the opening struggle of the Civil war.

In 1856 John W. Ashmead removed to Xe\v York, where he was engaged in a number of celebrated cases. Tn March. 1859, he defended

James Stevens in the leading trial of arsenical poisoning in this country.

In 1866 he defended Captain Richard W. Meade, tried before a naval court martial for the loss of the United States steamer "San Jacinto." on the Bahama Banks, January i, 1865, and was counsel for James

Murphy in his claim against the Republic of Chili for the seizure of the brig "Townsend Jones" and her cargo at Valparaiso, in .\pril, 1859.

John W. .\shmead was the author of Ashmcad's "Reports of

Decisions of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia." He died

April 7, 1868, at his country seat, Clinton Place, near Newark, New

Jersey. ( *

(*) An account of John Wayne .'\5hn1cad will be found in Martin's "History of Chester," p. 440; as also in Thomson Wcstcott's "Rich Men of Philadelphia Forty Years Ago." a series of papers published in the Philadcl(ihia Sunday Republic, which Westcott, who died in 1888. did not live to complete. 924 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Jolin \\'. Aslimead married Ilcnvictta (iraliam Flower,

nf Riclianl and Henrietta ((iraliani) I'lnwcr. Xi>\enil)cr 29, 1S29; slie

was horn June 20. 1809, and died at C'liester, rennsyl\ania, l'"el)riiary

20. 1879.

The Flowkr Linf..—Tlu- I'^lowcr family first appears in the his-

tory of Chester county in iCiS^. when William I-'lower. who had been

one of I""enwick''? colonists in New Jersey, settled at Marcus Hook,

where his daughter Mary became the wife of John Mower, of the Con-

necticut branch. A son of that marria_c;e, Richard I'"lower. born in

1724, and who died January 23, 17^3. married llann.ah (irubb in 1746.

Her grandfather, John Crubb, who settled at Upland, now Chester,

])rior to 1677, was the great-great-grandson nf Henry (irubb, mcml>er

of Parliament from Devizes, Wiltshire, 1571, and whose death occurred

in 1 58 1.

Richard IHower, second son of Richard and Hannah (Cnibb)

Flower, was born at Marcus Hook in 1759. When only a few months

over sixteen, he was appointed one of the committee of correspondence

for Chester county, and under the supervision of Richard Riley, his

first cousin, the young man was active in collecting intelligence of the

movements of the enemy in the .southeastern section of the county.

He was a miller by occupation, and in 1789 purchased the noted Chester

Mills, where is now Upland Ixirough, then owned by his father-in-law.

Richard Flower retired from business in 1824, and died at Lamokin

Hall, his plantation near Chester, .August 24, 1843. He married Hen-

rietta, daughter of Henry Hale Graham. September 8. 1785. She was

lK)rn April 27. 1768, and died Octolier 6. 1841. Her father, Henry

Hale Graham (a nephew of George Graham, the inventor

chronometer, for which the English nation gave his remains interment

in Westminster Abbey), was born in London, hjigland, July i, 1731. OF Tim STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. f»25

llis fallici'. William (Jraham, lioni A])i"il 25, 1692, on Dcceiiiher 31,

1729 married Eleanor W'yalt, dauf^htcr of Zedekiali Wyatt.

Henry Hale Graliam was named for his great-great-grandfather,

Hem)' Hale, of Horton, Worcestershire, England, whose granddaughter, Alice Hale, became the wife (jf George Graham and they were the i;randi)arents of Henry Hale Graham. (*)

The latter, Henr\' Hale Graham, when a child of three years, came with his |)arents to the colony, and when eighteen he Ijecame deputy l)rothonot;ir\ of Chester county luider Joseph I'arker, and in 17^^15 was ap])ciinted protlmnotar',- rmd (lc]>ut\- register-general, a position he iield until 1777. .\o\-eml)cr 7, 1789, he was apjjointed president judge of the then newly created Delaw.'ire county, and died in I'hiladelphia,

January 24. 1790, where he was attending as a delegate tlie proceedings of the state constitutional cfMU'ention of that year.

Judge Graham married, July r, 1 760, Abigail Pennell, half-sister of Dr. Jonas Preston (the founder of Preston Retreat, a maternity

liospital in Philadcljjhia) ; a great-granddaughter of Rol>ert Pennell, who settled in Middlctown, Delaware county, 1685; granddaughter of

Thomas Mercer, an early settler at Thornbury ; a like descendant of

David W^illiamson. who settled in Pennsylvania in 1682, and who died in 1727, while attending the session of the assembly, of which he was a member. She was also a granddaughter of Philip Yarnall, of Edge- mont, and great great-granddaughter of John Raker, of Edgeinont, where he died in 1O85. He named the township for his natal place.

Edgmond, Shropshire, England.

Henry Graham Ashmead. son of John Wayne and Henriettn

Graham (Mower) .\shmead, was lH>rn at Philadelphia, June 30, 1838.

He was educated at the Chester Academv at West Chester, Pennsvl-

(*) For the line of Graham, see Pedigree xii, 'Wiiiericans of Royal Descent." 92fi COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

\;iiiia, of wliicli tlie Kev. James Crowcll was ])iimi])al. and at tlie

Saunders Institute, West Pliiladelphia. Hmi. Samuel \V. Pennypacker, governor of Pennsyl\ania, tlie distinguished surs^con, William W.

Keen, Professor Gregory B. Keen, the curator of the Pennsylvania

Historical Societ}', being among his fellow students.

He read law in his father's ofticc, and was admitted to the bar in

New ^'ork on Noveml^er 29. 1859, and entered into i);irtnershi|) with

Leon Ahbett, afterwards twice governor of New Jersey, in the i)ractice of his profession, Init. his health failing him, b)' advice of ])hysicians he abandoned the active pursuit of the law. While in \ew Orleans in

1863, a friend who was corresi)ondcnt of one of the leading New York dailies became ill with typhoid fever. Mr. Ashmead acted in his .stead for a i:>eriod covering se\'eral months, during which time he had o])ix)r- tunity of seeing much of the active campaigning in the de])artment of the (iulf. On the death of his father, in iSC)8, the following year the famil\- removed to Chester, Pennsylvania,

In June, 1872, when the Chester Evening News was established

by I'", Stanhope Hill, he became first reporter and kx:al editor of that daily paper, and in 1874 held a like position on the Delaware Cminty

Republican, at which time the late Y. S. Walter was the editor and proprietor. In the fall of that year he edited The Campaign, a iK>litical sheet designed to advocate the election of Thomas J. Clayton as judge of the Delaware county courts, one of the incidents in Mr. Ashmead's life which he views with regret.

b'rom this time on, Mr. Ashmead was a bus\' writer. In 1876 he wrote the "Sketch of Delaware County" published in Eagle's "History of Pennsylvania." He was appointed in i88j corresponding secretary of the Bi-Centennial Association of Chester, and he wrote "Historical

Sketches of Chester-on-Delaware," William Shaler Johnson furnishing 01- run state op Pennsylvania. 927

tlic account (if the ni-C'cntcniiial exercises, tlic work of tlie committee,

tlic cclcliralioii, and other iiilertsting matter wliicli forms a part of

tliat \-olumc. (*)

In 1884 Mr. Ashmead wrote "A History of Delaware County,

Pennsylvania." a volume of permanent value, and involving much diligent lahor.

August T,, 1885, President Cleveland ai)]K>inted Mr. Ashmead

]Mistmaster ;tt C'liester, and ihn"in!; his administration (on June 6,

1886), the special delivery service was instituted, and July i, 1887, he

organized the fret mail delixcry hy carriers and put it into active operation on the date mentioned. In the s])rinf;' of that vcar a com-

mittee was appointed to ur^c ui)on Congress an appro])riation for a

Ignited States ix)Stoftice huilding in Chester, ;md, ;it the recpiest of the committee, Mr. .\shmead ])re])ared a pamphlet entitled "Chester and

Its Suburhs," which in a compact form presented the industrial features of the city of that day, and its importrmcc as a commercial center as an adjunct to ihe ])ort of Philadelphia. This nrnnphlet was distributed to the senate and house uf representatives .and from the data therein con-

tained the subsecpient re]xirts of the committees of both houses were

founded, and u])on \\hich a favorable rejjort was made.

In i88() he collected and wrote the greater part of the pamphlet

published i>_\- the I'oard of Trade, entitled "Chester, Pennsyhania ; a

History of its Industrial I'rogress and its .\dvantages for Large Manu-

facturing," hut did not sui)ervise the hnal form in which it was given publication.

In 1890-91 Mr. .Xsiimead was in Colorado with an in\alid son.

(*) Thomson Westcott. in wriling of Jolin VV. .Xslimcad. makes this allusion to hi,'- son, H. G. .Xshmead. "He is ilistingnishctl for his literary ahilities. and published a few years ago an exceedingly interesting hook entitled ".\i\ Historical Sketch of Chester." 928 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

who hail gone there in search of licaltli. i-'roni i"Sy5 to lyoo he was editorial writer on the Chester Morning Republican. In 1897 he wrote the text of tlie "Art W'orks of Delaware Count)." In 1902 he prepared a genealogical sketch tracing tiie descent of the children of Robert

and Phoelje Ann ( De Lancy) W'etlierili tlimugli the Sharp, Keen, San- delands and other families, which was printed in Ijook form for private distribution.

In llie same year he wrote the plays, "Mistress Nancy," "The Cap- tain's Ward." and "Miss De Courcy." In the following year (1903) he wrote other plays—"The Matchmakers." "The Silent Witness,"

"By Order of the Czarina," "In liouhlnus Times." and "A Hallowe'en

Tangle." In the same yenv he wrote "The History of Chester," and was also associated editor of "Pennsyhania, Colonial and Federal," a history of the commonwealth. His fugitive contributions to the periodi- cal and newspaper press, upon historical subjects, are numerous, far exceeding, if gathered into volumes, his publications in book form.

He now has in preparation for publication "The Story of Lapidea

Farm," the country seat of Hon. William C. Sproul. and "The History of the Bank of Delaware County, and its successor, the Delaware

County National Bank."

In 1897 Mr. Ashmead read before the Delaware County Historical

Societv a paper entitled "Chester Street Nomenclature," and in 1901

"The Man in Leather Stockings," "Noted Trials in Early Colonial

Days," and "Some Ghosts and Haunted Places in Delaware County."

Although not posing as a public speaker, Mr. Ashmead has at various times delivered addresses which were heard with deep interest. He was called ujxjn to make historical remarks at the unveiling of the tablets placed by the Delaware county chapter of the Daughters of the

American Revolution on the Washington House, April 20, 1902, and :

OF THE STATE 01- PENNSYLVANIA. 'J2y

on the City Hall. April 19. 1903. Again, on June 27, 1903, at a meeting of the Society of the War of 1812, he delivered the historical address, taking for his thetne the story of Camp Gaines.

It may be permitted to the writer of this sketch, during a long and l)us\- lifetime engaged in work somewhat similar to that perfornietl by Mr. Ashmead, yet not so long acquainted with him as to make personal bias the mainspring of his remarks, to pass a verdict upon his performances. His writings have ever been characterized by that which is approved by the highest standards—clearness of style and smoothly flowing diction. It is to be said in all truthfulness that his pen has ne\er l)een used in an unworthy cause. Whether as editor, writer or sj/caker, his one object has been the exploitation, forcefully, yet ne\er outside the Ijounds of truthfulness, the accomplishments of those men of the past and of the present, too, who have stood for the best that there is in citizenship in the devotion to public interests and worthy causes, and all that goes to the establishment and development of an ideal community. To his tasks he has brought a wide range of abilities. A deep student of books, a close observer of events and a rare judge of men. and imiting the knowledge of the historian, the wise discrimination of the critic, and the well tempered judgment of the philosopher. He has through a long and peculiarly useful life, endowed himself with all the equipment necessary for his labors in promoting the upbuilding of his historic city and county in which he takes a genuinely hearty pride.

To this narrative may be added a pleasant incident which was written of in the following from the Chester Times, in the autumn of 1902

Henry Graham .Xshmead. the Delaware county historian, may be said to have been nurtured in the cradle of literature, and has all hi'^

54 930 COMPENDIUM OF flfSTORV AND GENEALOGY

lifetime wielded the pen wiili a masterly effect. His literary researches and lahors have natuiaUy l>niuj;ht him into contact with many of the distingaiished writers, but •one of the pleasantest recollections of such intercourse dates back to 1S49, when he was a Irid of ten years. His home was then in Philadelphia. opi)ositc Washin<,don Scpiare. a few dofjrs below Seventh street.

John Sartain, the distinguished mezzotint engraver, who was

United States commissioner of fine arts at the Centennial exposition, and Willian-. H. Sloanaker. then naval officer of the iK)rt, were publishing Sartaiii's Magacinc. Both of these gentlemen were clients of

Graham's father, John Wayne Ashmead, the United States district attorney for the eastern district of IVnnsylvania. The boy was privi- leged to frequent the office of the Magacinv at Third and Qiestnut streets, and inspect at will a number of ])ortfolios containing fine

imiKirted steel prints, of which, from time to time, selections were made

for reproduction in the monthly.

On one of these occasions, when the noon hour arrived, Graham was about to leave for home, when a seedily attired gentleiuan, who

had Ixen conversing with the editor. Prof. John S. Hart, asked him

w'hich wav he was going. When informed of the route, the gentleman

"1 rqilied : am going that way, and will walk with you, my lad."

The two proceeded up Chestnut street to Sixth and thence to Walnut,

the boy Ijeing attracted toward the stranger and charmed by his delight-

ful conversation, until they separated at the corner of Seventh and

Walnut streets.

That afternoon a lady calling upon Mrs. Ashmead chanced to

remark that she had seen her son walking with a person evidently in

needy circumstances, whom she thought was scarcely a proper com-

panion for a child of his age. The bov did not know the name of his OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1*31 chance companion. In the evening Mr. Sartain and Sloanaker visited the house, and Mrs. Ashnicad inquired of them who the stranger was.

She was inf(jrmed that lie was no less a personage than Edgar Allen

Poe, conceded to be the most original of American- poets, and classed

by the majority of European critics as the greatest of all American authors.

When quite a young man, Mr. Ashmead was well acquainted with

Frank R. Stockton, the author, who died last spring. There was a

difference of only five years in their ages. Some fifteen years ago. at

a chance meeting. Ashmead jocularly remarked to Stockton that the

names he gave to some of his characters were noticeably ugly.

"So you object to the names I have selected for some of my

heroes?" interrogated Stockton.

"Yes." was tlie reply, "they are in some instances just ugly, lack-

ing that attractiveness which not unfrequently accompanies certain types

of ugliness."

"Well,'" said Stockton, "the next story I write I will give my

hero a name to which \ou cannot object."

Shortly afterwards this celebrated author published a Christmas

love story entitled "Major Pendallas." in which the hero is styled

"Henry G. Ashmead." an artist. Several years subsequent to the ap-

pearance of this story. Stockton and Ashmead again met. and in the

course of their conversation "Major Pendallas" was mentioned, Ash-

mead remarking:

"Stockton, you failed to remember that I am always called by my

middle name, Graham."

"So you still object to the names of my heroes," laughed the

author. 932 COMPENDIUM 01- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Mr. Ashiiiead was at nnu time exceed ins^ly active in Masonic circles, liaving attained to the tliirty-second degree, Scottish Rite.

Mr. Ashmead has been twice married—first, September 2. 1872, to Miss Rebecca Frances Warner, daughter of Captain Richard N.

Warner, of Alexanchia, Virginia, and (second) Octo1)cr 26, 1881. to

Miss I'.nima Campliell, daiigliter of James and Angeliii.i (Garsed)

Campl)ell. ilcr father. James Campliell. is prominently identified with the history of Chester as its first manufacturer who was instrumental in giving it its industrial incenti\e. To the i'lrst marriage of Mr. Ash- mead was horn, August 27, 1873, a son. John Wayne Ashmead. who, when a young man of exceeding promise, died .\'o\cmbcr 30. 1891.

CLINTON ROCil'.RS WOODRUFF.

Clinton Rogers WoodrufT. lawyer, was lx)rn in I'hiladclphia, De- cember 17, 1868, the son of Charles Henry and Rachel Anne (Pierce)

Woodru.ff. He is descended from John Woodruff, who settled in

Massachusetts in 1648, but afterw.'ird removed to a tract of laud of about one thousand acres he had purchased near Elizabethtown, New

Jersey. He is of direct lineal descent also from Ca])tain Amos Wood- ruff, who server! in the Revolutionary army from Cumberland county.

New^ Jersey.

Mr. Woodruff received liis early education in the public schools of his native city, graduating Bachelor of Arts from the Central high school in 1886. He was a first honor man and the valedictorian of his class. In the fall of 1886 he matriculated in the college department of the University of Pennsylvania with the junior class, and chose the course of the WHiarton School, where under Professors James and

Patten he developed his close interest in economic and ])olitical ques- OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 933

tions. He was graduated at the liead of Iiis class in 1889, and afterward took post-graduate courses in political science, and studied law in the

Law Department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he received his Bachelor's degree in 1892.

For three years. 1890 to 1893, he was business manager of the

Natio)ial Baptist, a leading journal printed in advocacy of the interests of that church. l)eiug associated in its conduct with Dr. II. L. Way- land. Ever since his graduation from the law school, Mr. Woodruflf has l>een engaged in the practice of his profession in Philadelphia. He has made a specialty of election cases and those involving questions

of public polic} . as counsel of various Ijodies of citizens devoted to the principles of political reform. Many of his cases have involved important questions of inihlic i)olicy and constitutional construction, as in

Commonwealth \ s. De Cam]), and Commonwealth vs. Griest. He was associate counsel with Hon. Wayne MacVeagh in the water hril)ery cases of 1898, and is the counsel for the Municipal League, the United

Lalx)r League, rnd at least a dozen other labor bodies and several election committees. Tiic Munici|)al League, which he was instrumental iri organizing, has also Ijeen closely identified with his name. He was for a long tnno its secretary and treasurer, and out of it grew a National

Municipal League of which he is now the secretan,'. He is also secretary of the Pennsylvania liallot Reform Association, and was one of the secretaries of the .\merican .\cademy of Political and Social Science, an office he heli' from 1889 to 1899. He is now one of its directors and its counsel. In 1893 he was secretary of the Union Comm'ittee for a Belter Water Supply and Sanitation in Philadelphia. In 1898-1899 he was a memi'cr of the executive committee of the Citizens' L'nion, and in 1897- 1890 he served as a member of a committee of the National

Municipal League to draft a municipal charter which should be a 934 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

model for all American cities. In 1898 he was a meml)er of the executive committee of the National Primary Elections Reform Association.

Mr. WoodrufT is now a member of the executive committee of the Civil

Service Reform League. He is also trustee of the American Institute of Civics, and earlier was councillor of the .American Institute of

Christian Sociology. lie was secretary of the National Conference for

Good City Government lield in Philadelphia in January. 1894. and has been officialiv connected witli many other organizations for ac- complishing social and ix)!itical reform.

Elected to the Pennsylvania legislature in 1897, he was re-elected in 1898 by an enlarged majority. He introduced a number of bills dealing with matters of public interest, with one of wliich his name has been conspicuously identified. It provided for a series of amendments to the constitution of Pennsylvania making it possible for the legislature to pass a personal registration act. The proposed amendments were passed in 1899. only to be vetoed by the governor. .\ suit was brought to determine whether or nrtt an executive could veto a proposed amendment to the constitution. On appeal, the supreme court maintained that the governor had no such right. The points involved were passed once in Pennsylvania, and passed in one or two instances in the United States. The case of Commonwealth vs. driest was perhaps the most important constitutional case decided in Pennsylvania in the past decade. The amendments were again passed by the legislature in 1901 as required by the constitution, and Mr. Woodrufif had the pleasure of seeing them adopted by the voters of the city in 1901, after an active campaign in their behalf, led by him in person as chairman.

He is a member of the Union League, the University Clul), the

Penn Clul). the Philobiblon Club, and the Contemporary Club of Phila- or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 935

dclpliia. and iiclongs also to the German Society, the Law Academy, and tlu- Law Xssociation of Pliiladelphia, tlie Pennsylvania Bar Associ- ation, tiie Histfjiical SiKiety of Pennsylvania, the Genealogical Society, the Fairniount Park Art Association, the Pennsylvania Forestry As- sociatiiin, tlie American Park and Outdoor Art Association, the League for Social Science, tlie American Economical Association, and the

American Postal League. lie is a member of the various alumni associations of thf L'ni\crsity of Pennsylvania, to wiiich his earlier connection with tliat instituli(jn entitles him to belong. From 1889 to 1898 he was a member fif tiic iMianl (if managers of the Associated Alumni of tlic Centnd liigh scliof)). lie is also an honorary meml)er of the

Educational C'hd, of Philadelphia, and secretary of the Public Edu- catiiin .Association of that city.

Mr. Woodruff is prfiminently identified witli various religious and i)cnc\dlent organizations, lie was the president of the Inter-

Collegiate A'oung Men's Christian .Association in 1891-1S93, and was the first president of the University of Pennsylvania Young Men's

Christian Association: is a member of the executive committee of the

Baptist Social Union, a nieml)er of tlie .\merican Baptist Historical

Society, and foi three years, 1894- 1897, was vice-president of the

Young Men's .\merican Humane L^nion. He has also interested himself in arbitration. Since 1898 he has Ijeen a memljer of the executive committee of the Lake Mohawk International Arbitration Conferences, and was its secretary in 1900-1901, and in 1899 was a memlier of the

Philadcl])hia Committee on the International Peace Conference at The

Hague, in 1S93 he was vice-president of the Christian Temperance

Alliance for Philadelphia. He was a member of the Philadelphia

Branch of the .\merican Friends of Russian Freedom, and of the

Italian Political Prisoners Aid Committee. Mr. Woodruff is a fre- 036 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

quent contributor to the Nitrtli Aincrkan Rcvicic , the Portiui, the Ijulc-

pcndciit, the Onllook and father magazines, on subjects connected with

city government and kindred problems. He has also written many

articles ff)r the New 'S'ork Evening Post, Harper's Weekly, Leslie's

IVcckly. and miny other lending American journals. He was assistant

editor of the Department of Corporations in the Anierieau Law Register

and wrote the article on "Arljeiterschutzgesetzgebung in den Vereinigten

staaten von Amerika" in Conrad's "Handworterbuch-der-Staatswis-

senschaften." a leading German encyclopedia in political science.

Mr. Woodrufif married. February 12, 1890, Anna Florence Wood-

ruff.

JONATHAN WILLIS MARTIN.

Jonathan Willis Martin, lawyer, of Philadelphia, son of Jonathan

Willis and Malvma (Regester) Martin, was born in Philadelphia, May

29, 1856. It is supposed by many that the origin of the Martins is the

same as was th.at of Saint Martin, who was born in Pannonia (now

Austria), .A. D. 316. the son of a Roman tribune. He espoused Chris-

tianity in the face of much opi)osition, and was made Bishop of Tours

(in France) in 371. Several of that name served with William the

Conqueror in the battle of Hastings in 1066. William Martin, third

Lord of Cornmass, married Augarrd, daughter of Rhys, Prince of

Wales, who was succeeded in that title by his son William. Oliver

Martin, second son of Baron William Martin, of Arlington, Devon-

shire, born in 1165, accompanied Henry the Second in the conquest

of Ireland, and went to the Holy Wars in Palestine with Richard

Coeur de Leon. He finally settled in Galway, Ireland, becoming the progenitor of a numerous posterity. OP Tfin STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 937

Jonatlian Willis Martin traces his American lineage to John Mar- tin, wild emigrated from lingland in 1620, settling in Dover, New

I lain])sh.irc : he n^.arried Esther, daughter of Thomas Roljerts, who succeeded fiihn I'lidcrhill in the ])rcsidcncv of the colony of New Hamp- shire. John ]\Iartin snhsccinently removed to New Jersey, settling in

Middlesex cour.t\, and became chief-justice in 1670. John Martin. son of the above, was commissioned ensign of the Middlesex Company of Foot, July 15, \GyS. Oliver Martin, a direct descendant of the first John, and great-grandfather of J. Willis Martin, served in the

Rcxolutionary war and was with the Third New Jersey Regiment at

the surrender of Yorktown in 1781 : after the war he resided at Rail- way, and entertained General Lafayette during the latter's second visit to the United States. Grandfather James Martin settled in Philadelphia when a young man and becaiue a senior partner of the firm of Thomas

& Martin, leading merchants of their day. James married Mary Willis, daughter of Jonathan Willis. Jr., and a descendant of an ancient Eng-

life lish family. J. Willis Martin, Sr.. devoted his to .scholarly pursuits and was an accom]>lishcd linguist: he died in 1872. On his mother's side J. Willis M.artin. Jr., is of luiglish and Dutch .stock, and a descendant of Richard Stout, of Nottinghamshire, who was one of the i^atentees of Gravesend. and is recorded in history as the first

English settler in New Jersey, having ]nirchased land of the Indians in 1664: he was a member of the general assembly in 1667, and two years later was chosen senior member of the court from Middletown.

Other ancestors were Willi.uu I'.ilcs, mcmlier of the provincial council and of the Pennsylvania assembly, and justice of the Pennsylvania

su]>reme court trom 1699 to 1701 : Joseph Kirkbride, member of the

Pcnnsvlvania assembly 1712-1720: Mahlon Stacy, memlier of the

goNcrnor's council 1682-1683. and df the jirox incial assembly of West 938 COMPENDIUM 01' HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Jersey 1682-1701, and T'>lin Scotcher, who accompanied William Penn to IVnnsylvania on the pmiirictor's last \isit to liis pmxincc in 1689, and suljsequently served in the ])rn\incial asscnihlx'.

Jndge Martin acquired liis early educalinn in private schools. His legal studies were pursued in the office of the late J. Sergeant Price,

Esq , and in the law department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1879. Admitted to the Philadelphia counts' JKir the same _\car, he hecame associated in ])racticc with his preceptor, and two \ears later was admitted tu the har of the supreme court of the L'nited States, lie was suhse(|ucntly admitted to several other county ha's. Prior to the Spanish-. \merican war he was counsel for the Spanish government, and also represented as counsel the Land

Title an

and 1 leslon\ilIe & Mantua rail\\;i\' s\stems. previous to their ahsor])- tion hy the I'nion Traction C'omprun'. l'])on the death of his preceptor he formed a co])artnersliip with the former's son, I'^li Kirk-

Price, which continued until Judge Martin's clc\'ation to the hcnch.

Among some of the celehrated criminrd cases in which judge

Martin had ap])eared as counsel was thai of the Commonwealth vs.

Camphell, in which tlic defeml.'uit. a l)isho]> of the .\frican-Methodist church, was charged with iierjury; the McCausland case of as.sault with

intent to kill, growing out of ;i dis]nitcd right to use a city railway track

hy a hospital amhulance ; the Kojier case, wherein as counsel for the defense he succeeded in ha\ing a case of dclirinin trciiiciis designated as a species of insanitv rather than a case of drunkenness; the Common-

wealth against the Countess Racouski, in which he appeared for the government. He successfully defended some of the prisoners in the

Keystone Bank cases tried in the l'nited States court; saved

the defendant from the gallows in the Bartolucci case, and as counsel OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 039

for the succcssiul omtcstants in the 'i liirty-fifth ward contest he conducted one of tlie most carefully prepared cases ever brought before tlic I'liiladcl])liia courts. In the civil courts he liad l)een equally successful in establishing principles of law in cases that fretjuently arose for tiie first tiu'c. In L'lnier vs. Ryan, argued before the state supreme

court, lie settled the ] rincijjles of warranty in reference to food com- modities. In the Hestonvillc Railroad case he succeeded in establishing tlic principle that the right of ownership carries with it the right to

\ote upon stock, notwithstanding directions given by a testator em- powering one of several executors named to exercise the franchise.

This decision has been frequently cited in te.xt books and cases throughout the country. In Schuylkill county he brought foreclosure proceedings on on-j of the largest mortgages ever sued ujxin in the state, the amount in\nl\cd being $12,000,000. ?Te was one of the leading

]iracliti(^ners in the orpjians" court of Philadelphia county, representing, as executor, trustee and counsel, numerous large estates, and was frequently called upon to act as cxanu'ncr. master and referee in pending litigation.

l*"(ir a number of years Judge Martin has been active in military circles, being ru the jirescnt time second lieutenant of the First Troop

Philadelphia City Ca\alry, and having ser\cd with his command in

Porto Rico during the Si)anish-.\merican war. He is now acting in- s]x;ctor of ritle ]'racticc, member of the Military Service Institution of the I'nitcd States, the Society of the Porto Rican Expedition, Society of Colonial W'.'.rs in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the

Pennsylvania Society. Sons of the Revolution. He is also interested in charitable institutions, as manager of the Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the P.lind, the Preston Retreat, and the Gynecean

Hospital, .\mong other societies of note with which he is connected 940 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

arc tlie Pennsylvania Prison Society. Forestry Association, American

Academy of Political and Social Science. Ilistfirical Society of Penn- sylvania. Genealogical Society. "State in Sclniylkill." Friendly

Sons of Saint Patrick. American and PcnnsyKania Ikir Associations, the Law Association and Its Ilnard of Censors, ,-uid the Lawyers' t'hih.

As a nicniher of the central committee of the Alumni of the L'ni\-ersity of Pennsylvania, the Houston Clul) and the Athletic Association, he is still prominently identified with L'niversity affairs, and is also a life member of the Society of the Alumni of the Law Department. He is president of the Markham Cluh. and mcml)cr of the Philadelphia,

Rittenhouse. Perm. Country. Radnor llunt. Four-in-Hand. University

Barge and Cormthian Yacht cluhs. the ^'oung Republican Club of

Phil;i

He married, in J;muary. 1886, Elizabeth C. Price; their children are Sergeant Price. Marion Willis and F.lizabeth dwen Al.artin.

ROWLEY K. ORTT.

Rowley K. Ortt. who is one of N'orristown's widely known manufacturers, has risen by his own exertion to the position which he now occupies, inventive genius and mechanical .skill enaliling him to perfect a lawn mower on entirely new principles, making it a novelty in its line, a steady demand existing for it in all ])arts of the world.

Mr. Ortt was born Octoljer 25, 1855, at North Ridge, Niagara OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 941 cuunty. Xcw York. His fatlicr was a contractor and builder who enlisted at the Ijeginning of the reliellion in the Eighth New York Volun- teers. He was discharged in October, 1863, at Baltimore, after serving three years. He was a Iieljjless invalid and was brought home by two comrades in an invalid's chair and ])laced in lied. His wife undertook to lift him and strained herself, causing a rupture, from which she died one week later. The husband's ailment was due to the fact that he was placed in the cook-house, the steam from cooking pork lieing the cause of his sickness. .After his wife's death a nurse was secured to take care of him. There were four children: Hannah M., John H.,

Rowley K. and Cyrus N. Ortt. Hannah died in 1894; John in 1874. his de-ath being caused by a kick from a horse; Cyrus lives in Pekin,

Xew ^'ork, where he owns a small farm, and his father, w^ho is now seventy-eight years old and seems to grow stronger with age, lives with liini. The father was born in Lehigh county, Pennsylvania, but when he was a mere lad the family removed to Xew York state.

The Ortts came originally from Germany, but have long been naturalized in this country. Arthusia (Peterson) Ortt (mother) w-as a daughter of John Peterson, a farmer living at Xorth Ridge. John

Peterson had seven children : John, Xathan, Cyrus, Arthusia, Melinda,

Oranda and Jane. .Arthusia married Elias Ortt (father), as has been said. Elias Ortt built many of the prominent buildings in that section of the country prior to the war. He Iniilt a church, parsonage and a school-house at Beemsville, in Canada, removing his family to that place while engaged in the work. Having learned that Elias's wife's mother was dying, the family starteil to return, and when they reached

the suspension bridge which was just \icing built at that time, there

being only a walk, consisting of three six-inch boards, for the carpenter

to cross it. and the lx)at known as the "Maid of the Mist" being on the 942 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

opiK)site side of tlie river aii

Mrs. Elias Ortt (mother) I)eing very anxious to reacli her mother's

bedside before she passed away, and there l)cinf,^ api)arently no other

wav, she said she could walk over on those three narn^w l)oards. and

she did so. one of the carpenters going ahead, iiolding iier hand and

her husband following. Mrs. Ortt was thus the first woman who ever

crossed the suspension bridge. There were three children at that time.

.Anna, John and Rowley, who were strapped in the basket running on a

cable rope used to draw the workmen across, and thus all reached the

New York side of the river safely.

The inventive genius of Rowley K. Ortt was manifested at a very

tender age. When only nine years old he went to live with a cousin and

later with Thomas Parker. While at Mr. Parker's he was re-planting

twentv acres of corn which had been i)artly ruined by the grub worms.

While engaged in this laborious task he conceived the idea of the jabber

planter, using it next day with fairly good results. The next night he

improved on his first idea and made a new planter which worked still

l)etter, and was loaned to a neighbor named Fuller. Fuller secured a

patent for the machine and started to manufacture it, which he did

successfully. Rowley K. Ortt at this time was only seventeen years of

age and of course received nothing for his invention.

\\'hile hauling logs from the woods the }oung inventor had an-

other opportunity to display his genius. The bob-sled upset and broke

the short reach on the hind bob. Ortt went to work and bored a hole

through the back lx)lster, and coupled it by a swivel to the front bolster,

and to this day all bob-sleds are made in that way.

In 1878 Thomas Parker took the agency for the Xorristown

Gleaner and Binder, manufactured by William A. Singerly in what was

then known as the agricultural works and is now the Keystone Hosiery OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 943

Company's biiildiiifr. at Astor and Oak streets, Norristown. Mr. Parker could not succeed witli them, and Mr. Ortt took hold and succeeded in making them operate very well. The result was that the company induced him to come to Xorristown in 1879. He made a number of improvements, including a chain-tightener, a friction tension, etc. He left the company in 1883, going into the shoe business at 125 East Main street. In 1892 he sold out the shoe store and has since l)een working on patents. Among those he has secured are devices for curtain fi.xtures

for inside shutters for lace curtains; also a double nut tack, a bonnet for vestibule cars, and the Clipper Lawn Mower. The last he is now manu-

facturing, being unable to supply the extensive demand for the machine,

which is steadily growing in popular favor. Mr. Ortt is now manager

of a large establishment in the lower part of Xorristown, owned and

operated by the Clipper Lawn Mower Company, Incorporated.

Mr. Ortt has been twice married. His first wife was Jane Greavy,

of Xorristown. The couple were married in 1882. she dying in 1889,

and leaving two children, Hannah L. Ortt and Ellwood K. Ortt. He

married, in 1893. Rachel P. Flint, of Germantown. They have one

child, Horace F. Ortt.

The relationship of the Ortts and Petersons has been mentioned. The Petersons were connected also with the Tanners and the Brownells,

both old families, the Brownells being of Rhode Island. Phoebe Tan-

ner, tlaughter of Josias Tanner, by his second wife, Phoebe Brownell,

was born May 11. 1775. Phoebe married John Peterson in November,

Island. The couple re- 1793, ix)lli Ijeing of South Kingston, Rhode

moved to Bristol, Vermont, and later to Ridgway, in what is now

Orleans county. New York. They endured the privations of early fron-

still a wilderness. tier life, going to western New York when it was Eliza- Josias Tanner was the son of Francis Tanner and his wife 944 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GIINP.ILOGY

l)etli (Slieldon) Tanner. I'".lizal)etli was a (lani;lUcr of Isaac Sheldon, a rcsitectcd citizen and freeman in Soutli Kingston. Slie was born in

^7^i- Josias was a Re\()lutionar_\' soldier.

Francis Tanner was the son of William and i'di/.ahcth Tanner, of

South Kingston. l\c was horn July 3, 1708. After his marriage he

remo\ed to the neighboring town of i injikinton, where he Ixiughl twelve

hundred acres of land. He was admitted a "freeman" in South King- ston in 1753, and in 1762-5 held the honorable ix)sition in that tlay of justice of the peace, holding his commission (still in existence) from the governor of the province. lie died January 3. 1777. and his widow in 1801.

William Tanner, father of l"rancis, and founder of that branch of the Rhode Island Tanners in .\meric;i, hrst appears in the state in 1682, as witness to a deed of Frances lloulding, wife of Randall Moulding,

the leading spirit in the colony that she had lately represented in Eng-

land. In 1687 William Tanner paid a tax on one [xill. In 1693 be lx)ught land in South Kingston, having somewhat earlier married a daughter of Henry Tibhitts. an influential landholder, who in bis will provided an estate for each of his children, and for each grandchild whose parent on the Tibbitt side was dead. William Tanner was prominent in founding the old Seventh-Day Ba])tist church in Westerly, now

Ilopkinton, and held an influential position therein. He was living as

late as 1735, and his third wife, Elizal^eth, as late as 1752. The date of his birth is unknown, I)ut was probably about 1660-3. ^t is not known from what part of England he came, nor to what branch of the

Tanners he belonged. The faiuily has been traced to the time of Ed-

ward III, if not to the Norman Conquest. It is probable that William

Tanner, and a brother or two brothers crossed the ocean to escape the

rigorous measures against the Baptists in the time of Charles II. or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 946

William Tanner was the father of fifteen children. Francis had seven children. At his death he gave his slave Quom his freedom. The hoy, Quom, was a Revolutionary soldier.

Josias Tanner was the father of thirteen children, was admitted

"freeman" in 1757. He was ensign of the Second Continental Com- pany, 1762, and a private of the First Battalion. Rhode Island troops,

Colonel Green commanding, from June i to July i, 1778, Colonel Ar- nold's detachment. He died March 14, 1810, and his remains rest on the old homestead in Rhode Island.

FLLWOOU ROBERTS.

1''.11\\

Educated in the common schools, and supplementing the slender bnowledge gained in this way by home study, he is emphatically a self-made man, having taught school fourteen years, mostly in public schools and in I'riends' Central School, Philacfelphia. l^efore taking a position ;is associate editor of the NirrristcTLvn Herald in 1883, which he still holds. In the meantime, he has been actively engaged in other pursuits, having pulilished in 1895 a volume of poems entitletl "Lyrics

of Quakerism" ; a volume of genealogy in 1898, "Old Richland Fami-

55 910 COMPENDIUM OP IflSTORV AND GENEALOGY

lies," cont;iiiiin<^ the history of his own and connected families of

Oiiakcrtown. Bucks county, PennsyKania. where his fust ancestor in this country, Edward Roherts, settled in 17 id: a third volume, also liis- torical and genealogical, "Plymouth Meeting", in lycx). All these publications were well rccei\ed. lie has several more well luider way, including the " Dewees I'^aniily," now in |)ress, and others.

On his father's side Ellwood Rolierts is of Welsh-Quaker ancestry. On his mother's side, he is of Scotch-Irish and i'ennsylvania

German extraction.

Hugh Roberts (father) was born in the old Roberts mansion,

recently torn down, near Pranchlown, August 5, i8ji. His father, also Hugh Roberts a miller by occui)ation. had died sex'cral months pre-

\iousIy, and his widow married a second time. The infant Hugh became an object of the most tender care and solicitude to his maiden

aunt, Mary Roljerts, who reareil him until he was placed at the age of

eight years with a maternal uncle. Thomas P. Spencer, on a farm in

Lower Makeficld township, Bucks county, I'ennsylvania. Here he grew

to manhood, or nearly so, and. learning the trade of a miller, became

employed at Brandywine Mills, \\'ilmington, where he remained a dozen

years, marrying, .\ugust 8, 1842, .Mice .\nna (iallagher, born .\ugust

1 se\'cn children, of whom four died in in- 28, 18 (J. The coui)le had

fanc}-, the sur\-i\-ors being Charles H., now a resident of Norrist(.)wn

like the others, Ellwood, and Mary, wife of Samual Livezey. Plugh

Roberts in 1852 Ijecame a farmer, following that occupation with

varying success in Delaware, and in Bucks and Montgomery counties,

Pennsylvania, until his rcmo\al to Xorristown in 1882, where he was

occupied with his son Ellwood in building until his death on August 23,

1894. His widow made her home with her son. surviving nearly eight

years. She died April 10, 1902. The family ancestors in regular order OF THE STATU OT PENNSYLVANIA. 947 were Hugh (1821-1894); Hugh (1782-1821); Amos (1758-1835);

David (1722-1804): Edward, tlic iuiuiigrant, (1687-1768): all were luemijcrs of the Society of Friends, and Edward was an earnest minister therein for tlic last forty years of his life. Edward's son David married the dauglitcr of another well known minister. TlKjmas Lancaster, who died wliiie on a religious mission to JJarbadoes island in the West

Indies.

Ellwood Rolicrls married. September 12, 1878. Mary Long Carter, daughter of JoIj and Racliel (Owen) Carter, of Upper Greenwich, New

Jersey, both members of the Society of Friends, and interested in the maintenance of its principles. Then- cliildrcn are: Howard C. born

July 6, 1879: Charles A., liorn May 30. 1881, died March 14. 1888:

Alice R.. born June 15. 1886: William H., Ixjrii February 12, 1888:

Mary C, Iwrn January 31. 1892.

Ellwood Roberts is an active worker in the Montgomery County

Historical Society, of wiiich he is a life member, and has rendered much assistance in editing tiie two volumes of Historical Sketches which it has published. Me purchased for it the iiuilding which it occupies on

Penn street, Norrislow n. when many of its members feared that the undertaking was too great. He and his sister, Mary R. Li\ezey. have labored steadily to diminish the debt, many hundreds of dollars being realized through their exertions, aided by their many friends. He is strongly attached to the jjrinciples of the Society of Friends, and has written and spoken in Ixhalf of them for many \cars. He is and has been ileeply interested in the growth antl prosperity of Norristown. .\

Republican in politics, he has cast his influence on the side of good government without regard to mere i>artisanship. In everything relating to the welfare of the community, he is active and earnest and ever ready to lenil a hand in righting any wrong that exists. 94« COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Mr. Roljerts is one of the most extensive real estate owners in

Norristown, having Ijecn engaged in several enterprises of note, first, in conjunction with his father, and, more recently, with his son Howard.

All his properties are kept in the l^est repair, nothing being allowed to depreciate because of neglect. He believes thoroughly in Xorris- town as the place to make investment, and prefers real estate to stocks or b(^nds. regarding it as having a i)erniancnt value, especially in a good location.

I'cw men at his age are so acti\e and so capable of contiimed exertion in anything which enlists his interest. He is satisfied with having impressed his personality on the CDmmunity with which he has been so long and so honorably identified, and he has no other desire than to serve the interests of those around him by contributing his share to the general progress of Norristown.

DR. JESSE COPE GREEN.

Dr. Jesse Cope Green, of West Chester, Pennsylvania. wiflel\' known by his scientific and antiquarian attainments, is the oldest living representative of a large family of Friends whose ancestors were among the earliest of that society in Pennsylvania, and most of whose descendants yet adhere to the faith of the fathers.

Thomas Green (i), the ancestor of the family in America, came from England and settled in Concord township, Delaware county. Penn- sylvania, in May, 1686, and died about 1691. He married Margaret

(maiden name unknown), who died in October, 1708. Their son,

Thomas (2) was born in England, and died in Concord township about 1713. He married Sarah (maiden name unknown).

Their son, -cMji /p. Vtee^o

OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 951

Rol)ert (3), a farmer, located in Birmingliain, where he built a house. He married. Novenil)er 18, 1724, at Concord Meeting, Rachel

Vernon, daughter of Jolin and Sarah (Pyle) Vernon. She was bom

September 27, 1704, and died February 17, 1751. Her husband died

March 20, 1779, at eighty-five. Their son,

Robert (4), was born in Birmingham, December 19, 1731, and died in 1790. He was a farmer, and he set up a saw mill upon his farm. He was a leader in pul)lic affairs, and gave material assistance in tlie upbuilding of the community. In ix:>litics he was a Federalist.

He married, at Bradford Meeting, June 10, 1756, Hannah Clayton, daughter nf h'dward and .\nn (Whitaker) Clayton, and she died in

1803. Their sou,

Jesse v5) was born April 23, 1757. in Birmingham township, and died Marcli 12, 1844. He was a man of very large stature and strong trails of cliaractcr, and l)ecame one of the leading men in the neigiiborhood. He conducted his farm and also operated the saw mill whicii liad been set up by his father. He was a Federalist and afterwards a Whig. He was married at Concord Meeting, January 14,

1789. to Fdilli Tliatcher, Ixtrn August 4, 1765. and died December 20.

1 79 1, a daugiiter of William and Sarah (Dickinson) Thatcher.

Their son,

William (Ct). was born December 18, 1791. He received a common school education. He li\ed for some years in Birmingham, where he conducted a farm apd saw mill, afterwards removing to West Ches- ter, where lie died .\pril 19. 1S81. He was a man of marke

viduality and progressiveness, and aided in educational and other com-

munity' affairs, and was called to various township offices in Birming-

ham. He was married at Concord Meeting. March 5, 1817, to Phebe

Hatton, born June 25, 1797, in Birmingham township, a daughter of 952 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Peter and Phehe (Malin) Ilatton. Tlic last named was a daugliter of Gideon and Phebe (Bowman) Malin. Peter Ilatton was a son of

Peter and Hannah Yearsley (Ilatton) and he came from Chester,

England. The children of William and Phehe (Hatton) Green were

(i) Tesse Cope, to be written nf hereinafter; (2) F.dith Hatton, horn

M.-irch 10, 1S22, and (3) Annie, horn Decemljer 10, 1B33. who became the wife of AI. W. Foster. D. D. S., M. D., of Baltimore and to whom were born three children— Matthew: Dr. William G., who married lunma HopiKr; and Isabel.

Jesse Cope Green (7), eldest cliild and only son of William (6) and Phel>e (Hatton) Green, was born December 13, 18 17, in Birming- ham township. Delaware connty, Pennsylvania. He began his education in the common neighborhood schools, and sul)sequently attended the IxK'rding schools of Joshua Hoojies, in West Chester, and of

Samuel Smith, of Wilmington, Delaware. Immediately after leaving school lie became a teacher, and be was among the first teachers under the common school law of Pennsylvania. He taught in Concord,

Delaware conntv, from i83r) to 1841, and afterwards for several months in the Friends' School in West Chester. While instructing others, he was also acquiring instruction himself. .\n indefatigable student, he devoted every spare hour to the acquisition fif knowledge, and this became the jnevailing habit of his life.

In 1842 he began the study of dentistry, and he subsequently received the doctorate degree from the Pennsylvania College of Dental

Surgery of Philadelphia. He began practice in 1843. in West Chester, and has energetically devoted himself to his professon without retirement. He early developed a remarkable a])titudc for the arts of dcn- tistrv and his fine mechanical skill enabled him from time to time to

construct various original instruments and appliances previously un- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 953

known ti) tlic jji-ofcssidn. I lis qurck insight and superior handicraft

.gained for liiin an acknowledged pre-eminence. It has been his constant endeavor to advance dentistry along scientific and ethical lines, and he has been in the front rank in movements to these ends. In

1.S55 lie was elected a nicnihcr of the Pennsylvania Association of

Dental Surtjcons; he took an active part in the organization of the

IVnnsylvania State Dental Society, in 1868, and he was treasurer of the body in 1880 and jjrcsident in 1883. He signed the call that resulted in the formation of the tirst National Convention of Dentists, in rhiladelphia. in 1855. He also signed the call out of which grew liic American Denial Association in 1859. In 1876, immediately after the passage of the law establishing the Pennsylvania State Dental Ex- amining lio.'ud, he was made one of its members and its secretary, and he served in lint position continuously for more than twenty-three years, without comi)ensation, solely in the interests of the profession and of the ;)ublie whom it served.

An ardent student of meteorology, Dr. Green has been a volunteer observer for the Smithsonian Institution and the United States Weather

Bureau since 1855, and for the Pennsylvania State Weather Service

P.incau from its organization. His rare mechanical acquirement has been of great advantage to him in these important and uncompensated tasks, and he produced from his cnvn laboratory a fine electrical regis- tering .ineniometer, the fust of its kind ever made, and an e.xcellent mercurial barometer. He also constructed a number of microscopes of various patterns, which were highly praised by the famous Zent-

mayer; and experts have pronoimced his slide mounts as singularly

beautiful in fniish. He was one of the founders of the West Chester

Microscopical Society, of which he was at times president and treasurer.

In \arious ways Dr. Cireen has l>een an inspiration in educational 954 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

concerns. He was for many years a meml^er of the West Chester

School Board, and lie gave most intelligent and zealous aid to the im-

provement of the school system. In 1857 he originated a movement

for the establishment of district school libraries to supply wants for

wliich the state made no provision. To this cause he devoted enthusi-

astic effort, and for three years he expended a liljeral portion of his

compensation as district school treasurer for the purchase of books for the school library. His literary tastes are evidenced by his library cov-

ering a broad field of science, philosophy, history and general litera-

ture. Among his volumes are many large-paper and de luxe editions, and a curious collection of almanacs, .some of them of such remote date as the l)€ginning of the sixteenth century. Dr. Green's antiquarian

spirit is exhibited in what is presumably the largest and most varied collection of colonial, continental, confederate, and governmental and other rare paper money in Chester county, as well as in a collection of walking sticks, nearly two Imndred in numl)er, some made out of historic timlx:r. others from rare woods from all lands, and some of various woods exquisitely fitted together and finely finished, of his own masterly handiwork.

Dr. Green has been a lifelong member of the Society of Friends, and since 1884 has served as overseer and since 1896 as elder of the meeting, and as treasurer since 18(14. He has long Ijcen president of the Trust and Relief Society of West Chester, has been a manager of the Oakland Cemetery Company since its organization in 1852 and he has been many years its president. For over fifty years he has been an active memlxr and treasurer of the First West Chester Fire Com- pany. He was originally a Whig in politics. His abhorrence of human bondage led him to take an active part in the anti-slavery move- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 956

nicnt l)cginning in 1841, and lie was an original member of the Repub- lican party at the time of its organization in 1856.

The foregoing epitomization of a rarely useful life is of special value at the present time, when commercialism claims an exaggerated importance and lofty sentiment is depreciated. Such a character and career as that of Dr. Green serve to call attention to those things which are most enduring: services in the interest of education and morality which lca\c an indelible impression, and set in motion influences which reach into succeeding generations.

Dr. Green was married Septeml:)er 30, 1S45, to Alice W.,, daughter of Edward and Taliitha Shields of West Chester, Pennsylvania. She died May 25. 1900. They have had fmir children, Clara. Mary. Edith and William llatton. I-Mitii died in her fourth year, February 8,

1859. Mary died in her thirty-fourth year. Octolier i. 1886. The other two are still living. Clara, the eldest, was married Octolier 28,

1875. to Patterson DuBois. of Philadelphia. They have had four children, the youngest of wliom, Constance, alone survives.

WILLIAM WHITE COTTINGHAM.

Professor William White Cottingham has for half a century been superintendent of the public schools of Easton, a record which is unpar- alleled by that of .any other |)ublic school sujjerintendent of the country.

He is the author and founder of the present school system of his city, and altliough now in the eightieth year of his age still stands at the head of the institution. He was liorn in Easton, December 6, 1824, and is a descendant of Jonathan and Margaret Cottingham, whose son,

Daniel Cottingham, was married on the 24th of January, 1753. to .\nn

Cooper. They had a son. John, who married Priscilla Fleming, and 956 COMPENDIUM Of HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

settled in Maryland. His wife was a native "f l-aiifax county, Vir-

ginia, and a daugliler of \\'illiani and Sarali (Cox) I'leming. I ler

father. William Iteming, was a descendant of Colonel Jnhn I'leniing,

a relative of Colonel Hiram Fleming.

Robert Cottingham. failier of Professor Cottingham, was horn in

Maryland. September lo. 1799. and died jwno: _'8. 1880. .MmiuI i8jo

he arrived in I'^aston. Pennsylvania, where he became a dry-goods mer-

chant, continuing in that business until his death. He married Miss

Sophia White, a daughter of William and Susan (Kverhart) White.

The White family is of English lineage. The grandfather of Mrs. Cot-

tingham bore the name of \\'illiam White. ;uid married Martha Matilda

Mason, of Oxford, New Jersey. Their son, William White. Jr.. wedded

Susan Kverhart, a daughter of John .\ruold T'".\crliart. who in 1757

married .\nna Margaret \\'ea\er. who was born in 1740 and ilied in

1S24. Her parents were Frederick and Catherine Weaver.

Professor William W. Cottingham was the second in a faiuily of

nine children, five of whom arc yet ( 1904) living. His Ix^yliood days

were spent in his native city, and he began his education in a private

school conducted by Miss Gertrude Kemper, on Xorthampton street,

in Kaston. He afterward attended a schof)l conducted by Mrs. Prior,

in a fraiue building nearly ojiposite the present location of the high

school of Easton, on Second street. In 1834 the law regarding ]niblic

schools went into effect, and Mr. Cottingham l)ecame one of the first

pupils in the first public school of Easton, conducted by Josiah Davis.

He afterward also attended a select school taught by Mr. Davis, and

later became a student under Dr. Vanderveer, prior to entering upon

business life. On putting aside his text books he l)ecame an able assist-

ant to his father in the dry-goods and grocery store, but two years'

experience in that direction convinced him that his talent did not lie OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 957

along tliat line. Leaving the store, he entered the model school of La- fayette College, then under the direction of Professor D. P. Yeomans. there preparing for college. Matriculating in Lafayette College, he pursued a four years' course, and was graduated in 1848 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Later his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. The board of trustees of Lafayette Col- lege elected him a tutor in that institution immediately after his graduation, and he served in that capacity for a year, hut, an.xious to prepare himself for still more advanced labor in the educational field, he entered

Princeton Seminary. After two years spent as a student there, he was invited to take charge of the academy at Haddonfield, Xew Jersey, in which the classics and higher mathematics were taught. While he was serving there the board of trustees of Lafayette College recalled him to a tutorship in that institution, and he returned to his former field of laI)or. The financial standing of Lafayette College was not then very good, and the salaries were accordingly small, and Professor Cotting- ham. feeling that he might have better opportunities elsewhere, resigned his position. Several months later he was requested to take charge of a schfKjl in South Easton until a permanent teacher could he secured.

Mr. Cottingham complied, and no other teacher was employetl Ijefore the end of the term. During his residence there he became quite interested in the work of teaching the canal lx>ys. and he resolved to devote his time to that service. For half a century he has l>een continuously connected with Easton sciiools. In .\ugust. 1853. he was elected to the office of principal of the high school of Easton. and in August of the

same vear he became the successor of Mr. St. John as superintendent of the public schools of the city. His efforts have since been untiring

and unremitting in behalf of the educational development of Easton.

.\t the time of his election to the superintendency. the free-school —

958 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

project was comparatively new still an cxiicriniciit. In 1S43 Rev.

Jolin P. Hecht was appointed suijcrintcndcnt. who (leNoted his time ami talents to the work most faithfully. He was followed in 1849 by Kew

Oliver St. John, who for the tirs^ time received a fixed salary, still hrninq, however, the Sonth I'iaston schools nnder his administratir)n.

lie lahnred hard and incessantly until 1853. While the schools were then far in ad\ance of anything )et e.xpecteil in the district, says the report of the state superintendent of public sch(H)ls: "'riiey failed to secure either sympathy or encouragement from the many jirominent and influential citizens of the town. This was owint; i)artl\- to the fact that jirivate schools furnished a more thorough and elevated course of instruction than the limited ])rovisions of the ])ublic scIukjIs wnuld admit."

Much trouble was caused bv the clamor and o])])osition excited in the

tiiwn against the then existing school m.'magement ; caprice rather thrui settled ])iinciple guided it. Want of harmony in the Ixiard, disputes and (|uarrels. resulted, and the interests of the .schools were neglected.

The classification of pupils was imperfect, and it gave much dissatis-

faction. The Ixxird and the public soon learned ihat a regular and competent superintendent was needed, whose business it should be to devote his time to the management of the school department cxclusi\cly. In

-August, 1853, the office was vacated by Mr. St. John.

In January. 1854, Professor Cottingham suggested methods which

still govern the managemait of the schools, proposing a ]ilan for the

high school, the systematic arrangement of the subordinate school, and

a thorough regular course for each. This plan, on presentation to the board, was adopted, and Professor Cottingham at once began the thorough organization of the .schools, drawing u]) a draft of graduation for

all, and this, too, was endorsed by the board. His plan of work has

been enlarged, improved and extended, but the basic element still re- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. !'5'J

jiiaiiis. He received the active co-oi>eration and assistance of Judge

McCartney, wlio at once accepted Professor Cottingliam's system as the most ccjmplete presented to the hoard. Mr. Cottingliam prepared a catalogue for tlie high schools, t(j which Judge McCartney made some additions, and \i. F. Stewart wnite an address to the citizens, setting forth the advantages of the high schrxjl system, and this address was printed and widely circulated through the town. The pcx)rer classes of the city heartily endorsed the plan, and encouraged Mr. Cottingham,

.and as time passed he received the active co-operation of many of the leading residents of Kaston. I'\illowing the adoption of his plan he at once proceeded to examine all of the scho<^jls and pupils in the town, giving each child, as well as each school, a grade with a certificate.

This was the first formal examination ever made to determine the proper grade of the schools of pupils. The pui)ils were at once sent to their ])roper i)laccs in classes and schoolrooms, and the system was soon in active operation. Professor Cottingham has continually studied to henefit the schools, to hroaden the system, and to make the work of education in Easton of more practical and far-reaching benefit.

While he systematized the school, however, the transactions of the school lK)ard were conducted with utter disregard of any methixl. The

])apcrs were stored away in old ho.xes in the room, or in a cellar, and

Mr. Cottingham directed his lahor toward securing improvement in that direction. He gathered all of the records, bills, jietitions and re- ceipts, filed them with care, and |)ut them in places of safety. He suggested the use of Iwoks for the recording of all transactions of the lioard, and for its accounts and regular business. He ofFeretl to keep the accounts and records ot the board complete, and as the result of his diligent presentation of the subject the present system of books in use by this school board was adopted. In addition to the regular work of 900 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

superintending the sch(X)ls. Professor Cottingliani also iK^rfornied the clerical work now done l>y the secretary and lihrarian. fur a number of years, and the manifold duties wliich devolved upnn him in this connection often caused liim t

o'clock at night, following the arduous duties of the da\ . He continued to do this until his eyes were weakened to such an extent that he was obliged to place himself in the hands of a surgeon fnr treatment. He performed the extra service gratuitously until 1H73, when he was relieved by the appointment of a secretary.

Many original features have been introduced intu the schools of

Easton, and the work of the educational department of the city is now of a most practical character. Professor Cottingham largely maintains the parental attitude to a child in his relation to the jnipils that come under his care, taking recognition of their dispositional tendencies in as far as is {xjssible and practical. He lal^ors to promote physical, mental and moral development, and thus produces a well rounded character.

His interest in the individual does not- cease as the pupil passes from his care in the schoolroom, and many now successful and prominent business men owe to him their entrance upon a business career because of the influence which he exerted in securing positions for them.

Through his suggestion and inlluence four scholarships to Lafayette

College Avere obtained and offered as prizes in the high school, so that each year one of these is given to the boy who wins the highest scholarship in the public school course of Easton. He also secured the adoption by the school board of the plan of issuing diplomas, and designed the certificate of graduation which is now given to each high school pupil who completes the regular course.

An analyzation of his life work shows that Professor Cottingham is a man of scholarly attainments and strong intellectuality, and yet not OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 9«1

to this alQiie is due lu.s success as one of tlie most able pulilic school educators of the country. One of the elements of power in his work is his earnest desire and efforts for advancement in methods, and another equal!}- potent factur has Ijcen his interest in the individual and his co-oixjration for the advancement of the inherent talent of each pupil.

Few men of the counlry have so won the love of those who come under their instruction as has Professor Cottingham, and his career as an educator has been an honor to the city which has honored him. A notal)le e\ent in tiie life nf Professor Cottingham, and also in the local history of Easton, was the celebration whicii was held in that city Octo- ber 28, 1903, in honor of the fiftieth anniversary of his superintendency of the public schools. On that occasion many notable educators and proniinent men of Penn.sylvania were present, several of whom delivered addresses, and in the evening a banquet was licld. It was an occasion long to be remembered by Professor Cottingham and his many friends, and well did he merit tliis public token of the esteem and confidence of his fellow-citizens and co-workers in educational lines throughout the state.

Socially Professor Cottingham is a Mason, ami for twenty-seven years was secretary of Dallas Lodge No. 396; he also belongs to Royal

Arch Chapter No. 17J; Mugh DePayen Commandery No. 19, K. T., and affiliates with the Order of American Mechanics. In religious l>e- lief he is a Presbyterian, belonging to the I'irst church of Easton. In the various local and state teacher's conventions he has been an important factor, serving as president of the state convention held in Harris- burg, and in many other ways promoting the success of the work in which he is so deeply interested.

Professor Cottingham was married, March 20. 1855. to Louisa

C. Abel, a daughter of John and Maria E. (^Reichard) Abel. Her pa- 9(52 COMPENDIUM Or HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

ternal ancestry is traced back to luhaii Jacob and Maria Sopliia ( Kaub)

Aljel, the former arrivin.s^ m America from Hanover, Germany, im the

25th of October, 1652. Jolm Abt-l was lx>rn SeptemlK'r 12, 1744, and

(bed September 12. 1822. lie married Catherine Blakelcy, and among their chilchen was John Al^el, father of Mrs. Cottingham. Her mother,

Maria E. (Reichard) Aliel, was a daughter of Jacob and bLhzal)etli

(Hay) Reicliard. The former was a son of Daniel Reichard, wlio was

torn in Switzerland in 1752, and died in Easton, in March, 1819. His

wife, Catherine Dorothy Reichard, was iKjrn in Switzerland in 1753

and died in Easton November 19, 1845. Mrs. Elizabeth (Hay) Rei-

chard, the grandmother of Mrs. Cottingham, was lx>rn in Easton, in

March, 1780, and was a daughter of Peter and Margaret (Simmons)

Hay. Peter Hay was a son of Melchnir Hay, and a grandson of Mal-

conie Hay, the progenitor of the family in .Vnierica.

Four children comprise the famil\- of Professor and Mrs, Cotting-

ham. namely: Mrs. Laura S. Morrison, of St. Albans, Vermont; Mrs.

.\nnie W. Talmage. of New Bedford, Massachusetts: and Mrs. Jamie

B. Vories, and W. W. Cottingham. Jr., Ixnh of St. Paul, Minnesota.

Two children are deceased—Lizzie and Emily.

t JOHN ABEL.

foim Aljel, deceased, for many years an active and imijortant fac-

tor in the manufacturing interests of the city of luiston, Northampton

county, Pennsyh-ania, traced his origin to John .\dam .\l>el, who with

his son, Squire Jacob Abel, came to this country from Germany in the

early period of the history of Easton, and was for many years one of its

most prominent citizens. Jacob Al)el was Ijoni in 1744. and at tlie time

of the signing of the Declaration of Independence was thirty-two years OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. ^63

of age. lie was engaged in tlie business of boating, and being familiar with the handling of the Durham lx)ats. a patriot, and in vigor of manhood, he assisted in collecting the boats for the passage of General

Washington's army over the Delaware river in his retreat through

New Jersey, after the battle of Long Island. He also carried the mail to Philadelphia for a time on horseback, the most direct route from the eastern states and from places on the upi>er Hudson being over the old mine road from Esopus to \'an Camj)en's mills, above the Water

Gap. He was the owner of the ferry in 1787, and was one of five who purchased Getter's Island during the same year, of the Penns. He was the proprietor of a hotel at tlie "Point," and his name appears on the tax list of 1788 as one of the large property holders of the town. He was elected justice of the peace, and held the office many years. His death occurred in 1822. aged seventy-eight years: his children were

Jacob and John Abel.

John Al)c!. son of Jacob Aljel. and fatlier of John Abel, was a native of Easton, Pennsylvania. He engaged in boating with Durham boats until tlie opening of tiie canals, after whicli lie carried on boating between Easton and Philadeljjhia. He was also for some years engaged in the grocery business in Easton. On July 7. 1825. he was appointed by Governor Sliulze a commissioner for improving the navigation of the Delaware river, under the act of March 26, 182 1. The first commissioners were Lewis S. Coryell, John Kirkbride and Jacob Shouse, but, after the resignation of the latter named gentleman, Mr. Abel was appointed in his place. He was engaged for more than three years in this important work. Mr. Abel marrieil Catherine Bleckey. and they reared a large family of children, all of whom are now deceased.

John Abel, son of John and Catherine (Bleckey) Al)el, was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, March 29. 181 4. In early life he learned the

56 :

9t;4 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

trade of cabinet-maker, wliicli lie fdllnwed uj) to tlic \-ear 1835. when

his liealth failed him and he was obliged to abandon that pursuit. lie

then established an extensive wholesale and retail cnnfectionerv busi-

ness, manufacturing the goods on the i)remises. and in course of time

built u]) a large and profitable trade, which has been conducted by

vari(nis members of the family up to the jircsent time ( lyo.s). covering

a period of nearly seventy years. Mr. Abel was formerly an old-line

Whig, but upon the formation of the Republican party, he j(jined its

ranks and was elected a member of the city council of Easton. lie

held membershii) in St. John's Lutheran Church, .serving in the capacity

of vestryman for a number of years.

Mr. Abel married Maria E. Rcichard, born in luiston, Pennsyl-

vania, in 181 1, a daughter of Jncob and l'"lizabcth (Hay) Reichard.

Jacob Reichard was lx)rn in Easton, a son of Teter Reicliard. Elizabeth

(Hay) Reichard was a daughter of Peter Hay. a son of Melchoir Hay,

Jr., who was a son of Melchoir Hay, Sr., a native of Scotland, whom

political reverses led to Germany, where, after serving with honor in

the military duties in his adopted country, he married a German woman.

Melchoir Hay came to America with his two brothers in 1738, took an

active part in the trying struggle of the Revolution, and was one of

the efficient members of the committee of safety. After the close of

the Revolution, Melchoir Hay, having sold his South Easton property,

]nnxhased a large farm aljout three miles west of Easton, in the locality

called the "Drvdands". where he and his descendants have tilled the

soil for generations.

The following named children were Ixjrn to Mr. and Mrs. Abel

Louisa, wife of William W^ Cottingham, of Easton, superintendent

Phillipsburg, of schools: Charles J., a confectioner of New Jersey;

Elizabeth, wife of William E. Hammann, of Easton; Emma 1\L; O/" Tim STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 965

Josephine A., wile of George T. Hanimann, of Bethlehem; John H.,

a resident of Easton : Isabel, wife of Howard A. Hartzell, of Easton;

.Xhel. fatlier of these children, died May i. J. Edward; Mary. J

i8yi, and tlie l)usiness was conducted by his widow and children under the firm name of M. E. Al)cl. up to the time of the death of Mrs. Abel.

.\pril 2-. 1895. and from that date up to the present time (1903) it

has Ijccn conducted by the children under the style of Mrs. M. E. Abel's estate.

REUBEN 1'. IIOFFECKER.

There is not a doubt that unicli of the progress that has character-

ized school work in .Mimtt^'onicry cnunty in the past twenty-five years

was due to the earnest, persistent and indefatigable efforts of County

Superintendent Keulien I'', lloffecker. lie filled the position by suc-

cessive re-elections from 1878 to tiie time of his deatii on December

18, 1903. a period (hn-iny wliicii an incredible amount of work was

done in iiftins;- the pubHc .schools out of the ruts into which tliey had

previously fallen, and making them what they should be—the educators

of the people.

Though not a native of the county. Professor Hoffecker having

been born in Chester county, near Pottstown, Octol^er 20, 1833, he hatl

become thoroughly naturalized in the course of twenty-five years' earnest

and effective lalK)r alcjug educational lines. He was thoroughly familiar

with e\cry nook and corner of Montgoiuery. He was beloved by

teachers and pui)ils wherever he went, and his visits were looked for-

ward to and enjoyed as well as by the members of school lx>ards gen-

erally.

Professor Hoffecker was the son of George and Rachel (Smale) 966 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Hoffecker, wlio had five cliildrcn, tliree sons and two daugliters: Reuljen

F., Jolin S., a farmer in Chester county: Mary Ann, deceased; Annie E.. of Norristown; Cyrus H., of Chester county. Tiie father was a blacksmith in liis younger days, and later a farmer, dyinj^ in 1H77. in the sevenl} -third year of his ajje. His wife died in iS/y. He was a member of the Reformed church, and she of the Lutheran. Mr.

George Hoffecker was a Democrat in politics, and held several local positions, but was in no sense an office-seeker.

I'hilip Hoffecker (grandfather) was also a Chester county farmer.

He was of German descent, and a scildier in tlie war of 1812. His wife was Elizabeth (Hoffecker) Hoffecker. The couple had seven children, four sons and three daughters. I'hilip Hoffecker's father was also

Philip. He was a native of Germany, and came to .\merica when he was eighteen years of age. He settled in Chester county, and sikmiI the remainder of his life there.

John Smale, maternal grandfather, was a nati\e of Chester county, owning one of the finest farms in that section of the state. His wife was Mary Yocum. They had two sons and one daughter.

County Superintendent Hoffecker grew to manho<^

Collegiate Institute, Trappe. He was also a student at Pughtown

Academy. He commenced teaching at the age of seventeen years, and followed that profession very successfully for twenty-seven years. In

1861 he removed to Montgomery county, and resided within its Iwrders from that time until his death. For some years before his election as county superintendent, in May, 1878. he was principal of the Con- shohocken high school. OF THE Sr.lTH OP PENNSYLVANIA. 967

On August 28. 1878, Mr. Ilofifecker married Miss Lemontine L.

Stewart, daughter of lumch Harvey and Lydia Evans (Si^eakman)

Stewart. Tlicy had no cliiKhen. Mr. ITnfifecker was a member of the

Ucfornicd churcli; liis wife is an active menil)er of the First Baptist ihurcli. \'(irristo\vn. Mrs. 1 [offecker is a woman of refinement and cuhurc, liL-r kindly iicart prompting her to engage in much 1)enevolent

work, especially in connection with the cliildren. Siie has long been

]>rouiinent in the Children's .Aid Society and other humanitarian enterprises.

In piilitics Mr. liolYcckcr was a Democrat, Init his nature was too

kindly In iicrmil him U> he a strong partisan. He served as 1x)rough

rmditdf ill CUnshnhockcn, witlmut any pay. He owned consideralile

l)roperly in Norristown at the time of his death.

Mrs. Hofifecker's father was horn at Doylestown. hut when he was

fnur vears of age his widowed mother took him to Montgomery county,

where he grew U> manlmod and spent the remainder of his life. He

died June 8. iS-f). His wife survived him, and died June 3, 1892, aged

ninctv-thrce vears, lacking two months, and enjoying her mental facul-

ties to the last. Both were Baptists. He was a veteran teacher, being

engaged in that occupation in Norristown prior to 1836. He continued

teaching until late in life. His father was Charles Stewart, a native

iif i'ennsvlvrini,'!, nf Scotch descent. He died in 1804. His wife was

Martha Poland, and they had five children.

Thomas Spcaknian, Mrs. Hofifecker's maternal grandfather, of

Chester counlv, ni.uricd Lydia Evans, who died at the birth of her

daughter Lvdi.i. Thomas Speakman was a Friend, being descended

from an old Ouaker family. Mrs. Hoffecker's mother's grandfather,

Elisha I'.vans, at one time owned the present site of Bridgeport as a

farm. He married four times, slic lK>iug the daughter of his first wife, 968 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Sarali Xeide. His second wife was Rel)ccca Jolly. He had children

hy each wife. Mrs. Hofifecker's grandmother Poland was the daugliter

of George and Elizaheth (Evans) Poland. He owned a farm near

Montgomery Square, for which, according to a family tradition, he took in payment Continental money, which depreciated so rapidly that

he was reduced to poverty. Of his children, Jacol^ removed when young to Luzerne county and died there, leaving several children. His

son died witliout any children, and the name I)ecame extinct in that hranch. Mary died unmarried. Susanna married John Benncr. and h.'id one son and six daughters. Elizabeth married a Miller, who soon died, and she then married a Mauger, leaving children hy Imth husbands.

Elizabeth married Daniel Biery, and h.id three daughters, Elizabeth,

Anna and Maria.

County Superintendent Hofifecker was

In morals, his whole life was an example that forcibly illustrated the precepts he inculcated.

Professor Hofifecker was identified with the teachers' institutes of the county almost from their origin. He had a very large share in out- lining the programs for the annual meetings.

As a man. a citizen, a worker in the cause of public education, Mr.

Hoffecker was a model of what a man shoidd be. Had he l)een dis- OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 9G9

posed, he iiii!4lu Iiavc enjoyed a larger sliare of political honor. On one occasion, when liis party's nomination was within reach he declined it on the .<;ri>nnd that his duties lay in a different direction, and that he could niil ptrinit Ju'niselt t<> he di\crletl from educational work.

WALLACE PETKR IMCK, A. M.

Wallace Peter Dick, A. M., professor of Greek and Latin in the

West Chester State iVormal School, was l)orn in Lowell, Massachusetts,

Septeniher ij. 1857. On his f.ither's side he is of Scotch descent, while his nidllicr is a uati\'e of Vcrnmut. Mr. Dick was pre])ared for college at Woodstock Acadenn, WcuKlstnck. Connecticut, and entered Brown

University in 1875.

Thiuigh he made a specialty of tlie classical and moership in the Phi P>eta Kappa Society in 1878. Tie received the ilegree of A.

15. at his graduatii'U and that of .\. M. three years later.

I'll mi 1879 to 1880 he Idled the position of principal of schools of

\\ ickford, iClxide Island, and for the next four years that of principal of the High ScIkhjI at Pe;icc Dale. Rhode Island, teaching all the English,

Latin, Creek, French .and Cerman. .\fter the expiration of this term of serxice here an unusual oppoUunity ])resented itself to him to enter

\\\ion Normal ScIkkiI work in Pennsylvania. He resigned the high 07O COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

scliodl principalship and became professor of F.ng;lisli at llic California

(I'a.) State Xormal School. He was then for ujiwards of six years professor of natural sciences and modern languages and later vice- principal and professor of languages and pedagogics in the Lock Haven

(I'a.) State Normal School. In iScji he was tendered, at an advanced salary, and accepted the jxisition of professor of languages in the \Yest

Chester (Pa.) State Normal School. After .serving the institution for four years in this capacity he was tendered and urged to acce])t the presidency of a collegiate institute devoted to the higher education of young women at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, .\cting upon the advice of leading educators and personal friends, who were interested in his advancement. Professor Dick finally accq^ted the position and entered u]K)n his work in July, 1895. The institution at once received new impetus and the fust \car showed a remarkahe increase in attendance, esijecially in the music department. I'resident Dick's energetic management of affairs here abundantly demonstrated his executive ability. .\ leading citizen of Carlisle states: "I have known him intimately during a number of years, but especially during the three years of his presidency here. Professor Dick is an accomplished, exact scholar. He insisted upon both thoroughness and definite results in the work of his faculty and from his students. I cannot say too much for this phase of his labors here. In executive ability he excelled. He carefully looked after the details of his work so that everything was finished in its proper time and place."

In June, 1898, Professor Dick was tendered a professorship in the

\\'est Chester State Normal School, from which he liad resigned three years before. This recall to the school to which he had already l:)ecome so much attached and to the work in which he was so deeply interested appealed to him with irresistible force and, as he had become convinced OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 971

that circumstances would not ]icrmit him to carry out liis plans in the institution wliicli lie was mrmaj;;inj^, he resigned the presidency and accepted the West Cliester ])n)fessorshii). He is thus (1903) entering ui)on his tenth year of ser\ice in the State Normal School, instructing and s]>ecializini; in the dej)artment of languages. For a time since 1898 he instructed in Cireek and pedagog}', later in Greek, Latin and Ger- man and hy a re-distrilnition of the work made necessary liy the growtli of tlie dc])artnient. he is at present giving instruction in the classical languages only, nltliough he is still an enthusiastic advocate of the claims (if the modern languages to recognition. A few years ago, while engaged in teaching tiic modern languages he spent nearly a year in ])ri\ate study v.ith native teachers at three of the leading schools of languages in T^hiiadel])hia for the purpose of imi)ro\ing his speaking knowledge of German, I'rench and Spanish, as his knowledge of the grammar was complete and vocabulary ample, and during the summer of 190T, he ga\e instruction in Spanish at the Summer School of Lan- guages, Porliand, Maine, and rcceixed further instruction from the l)€st native teachers in Gerni;m and French.

Mr. Dick, th.erefore, retains a deep love for the modern languages in which he is unusually well equipped for giving instruction, and continues to he an assiduous student, although the so-called classical languages claim his attention in the class-room. In 1899 he was tendered the vice-principalship of the school, but found it inconvenient to accept it.

In 1889 Professor Dick took a year's course by correspondence in the History of Education and Pedagogy under the late Dr. Jerome

.Mien of the I'nivcrsity of the City of New York. He has lectured before Teachers' Institutes in xarious parts of the state, his subjects being taken mainly from language, science or pedagogy-, which his fund 972 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

of irituial liuiiKir enables liim to make entertaining as well as in-

structive.

luuly in life he ;K(|uire(l a tliDiDiigli knowledge of mnsic. having

studied the piano and organ nnder some of the best teachers. His first

teacher of the piano nrgcd him, in fact, to make mnsic his profession,

but his mind wis fully made u]) to pursue other lines of work and he

entered college instead. He has served in the capacity of precentor and

for a numlK-r of years was a church organist.

^'. lie is a member of the rrcsbytcrian church, a M. C. .\. director

and ;i Republican in jxilitics.

Professor Dick was married in 1S85 to Miss Ida May McConnell.

a leading teacher m the public schools of McKeesiX)rt. rennsylvania, and

one of the State Normal Schools. Their only child, a son, died in in-

fancy, in 1889.

Professor Dick's experience as a teacher has thus covered a wide

field, including nearly all ])hascs of work, graded scIkkiI. high schoil.

normal school and ladies" seminary. His style of teaching is ])lain, methodical and thorough. He seeks to grasp the difficulties that lie in

the wav of individual students and by sympathetic encouragement

strives to enable each one to do bis l)est work and attain to the highest

possibilities of his being.

HENRY HOWARD HOUSTON.

Henry Howard Houston. ft>under of Houston Hall. L'niversity of

Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, was Ixirn near Wrightsville, York county,

Pennsylvania, October 3, 1820. the son of Samuel Nelson and Susan

(Strickler) Houston.

His early life was spent in Wrightsville and Columbia. Upon leav- ^^r^^yC^..^?^

OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 975

iniLj sclioiil lie engaged in mercantile pursuits and soon liecame connected w ill) tlie iron furnace business in Clarion and Venango counties, Pennsyl- vania. In 1847 Mr. Houston entered the office of D. Leech & Com- j)nny. in Philadelphia. Here he learned the canal and railroad transpor- tation business, acquiring such a mastery of all their details that he attracted tiic attention of Colonel William C. Patterson, then president of tlie Pennsylvania Railroad Company. Colonel Patterson induced him in 185 1 to take charge of the freight business of the line which the com- l)any iiad just completed from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, consisting of the railroad to Hollidaysburg, the State Portage Road and the canal from

Johnstown westward. So well did he manage the business of this road that on November 23, 1852. he was appointed general freight agent.

The organization lie effected while in this office, which he held until

1867, remains practically unchanged to-day, so thorough and far-seeing was his work, .\ftcr his retirement as general freight agent, which was due to ill heath, Mr. Houston became one of the promoters and managers of the Union Line and also of the Empire Line. In 1881 he was elected a memlier of the board of directors of the Pennsylvania

Railroad Company and was until his death one of its most active mem- l)ers. He was also a director of the Pennsylvania Company, the Pitts- burg, Cincinnati. Chicago and St. Louis Railway Company, and of manv of the sulMirdinate organizations of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.

Mr. Houston became a trustee of the I'niversity of Pennsylvania in 188:;. and lielil the positiiMi until his death. Among his many dona- tions to the university the greatest was that of Houston Hall, the recreation hail for the students. This was erected at a cost of $100,000 as a memorial to his son. Henry Howard Houston. Jr.. a mem1>er of the class of 1878, who died while traveling in Europe. Begun during Mr. : :

976 COMI'liX'DIUM OF HISTORY AXD GRXEALOGY

Houston's lifetime, tlic Iiall was not finislicil until six months after his death. l)eing formally dedicatcil January j, i8()fi. Mr. linuston was a trustee of Washington and Lee University.

He was married to Sarah S. Bonnell in 1856. He died June 21,

1895, at his ciiuntry place at Wissahicknn Heights, just outside of

Philadephia.

GEORGE MORRIS PHILIPS, A. M.. Ph. 1).

George Morris Philips, A. M., Ph. D.. princiiud of the West Ches- ter State Normal School, widely known as an educator (if the highest capability, is of Welsh descent. His earliest ancestor of the same name in .\merica was Joseph Philips, horn in Pembrokeshire, Wales, in 17 16, a weaver and farmer, who emigrated in 1755 and settled near Lionville,

Chester county. Pennsylv.'uiia. He was a Baptist, and was instrumental in founding Vincent I'aj^tist clnuxh, near Chester Springs, in the vicinity of his new home. He brought with him to .\mcrica his wife Mary who was lx)rn in Wales in 1710, and whnni he married alH)ut 1741.

Husband and wife Ixith died in 1792. the former May 18. and the latter December 26, and their remains lie in the Vincent churchyard.

Their second son

John Philips was Ixirn in Pembrokeshire, Wales, alxiut 1745. and died at Black Bear Tavern, near Paoli, Pennsylvania, May 22, 1790, and was buried near his parents. He and three of his brothers served in the American army during the Revolutionary war. He was first lieutenant in the Chester County Battalion, was captured, and was one of those who endured dreadful sufifering on the British prison ship "Jer- sey," in New York harbor. He married Margaret Davis. Their eldest son OP THE STATE 01- PENNSYLVANIA. 977

Geort^e IMiili'iis was Ijorn at Black Bear Taverrj, January 29, 1774,

Iiul in early nianlnxid niiivcd tn West Fallowficld township, Chester nmnly, wlicrc tlio rest cf his hfe was spent. He was owner of the tavern ami a fanner, and was a man of wealth for his time. He was a deacon in the (ilen Run l'ai)tist church. He married Elizaheth Morris, who was horn July ,V'. i/^-. and died Xovenilier 25, 1853. Her huslxind died .\pril 20, 1859, and they were buried side by side at the old Glen

Run Baptist church.

J(ihn Morris I'hilii)s, son of George and Elizal>eth (Morris) Philips, was Ixtrn (ju the paternal farm in West Fallowfield township, Chester county, .May 8. 1812, and died on his farm adjoinins^ .\tg!en on the east,

Julv 21, 1879. lie was a farmer throughout his life, and accumulated considerable property. His education was mode.st, but he was a man of intelligence and strong character; he was influential in the community,

;uid was called to various local offices. He was a trustee and deacon in the Baptist church. He married Sarah Jones, who was lx)rn July 28,

1819, in I'.ast W'hiteland township, Chester county, and who died in

Christiana, I'ennsyhania, July 19. 1902. She was a woman of excellent mind, liberally educated, and of the highest Christian character, ii Baptist in religion, and held in affection for her great kindness in

words and deeds. 1 ler ]>;irents were Judge Thomas and Eliza ( Todd)

Jones, ilei' father was a farmer and merchant, and was fur two terms associate judge of Chester county. He was a great-grandson of Grif- fith John (Jones), who emigrated from Wales to Chester county, in

1712, and, through :i daughter, he was a great-grandson of the Rev.

Thomas Jones, who emigrated from Wales in 1729, and who preached for many years in the Tuli)chocken Baptist church, in Berks county,

Pennsylvania. The wife of Judge Jones was Eliza Todd, born Decem- ber 20, 1793, anil ilied January 14, 1862: she was a great-grand- 978 COMPENDIUM Of- HISTORY AND GENEALUGV

of Ireland to Montgomery county. Pennsylvania, about 1737. and was

llie ancestor of the 'I'odd familv of wliicli tlie wife of I'resideut Lincoln

was a member.

George Mnrris I'bilips, son of Jobn Morris and Sarah (Jones)

Philips, was born in .\tglen. (then called Penningtonxiile). Chester

county, Pennsylv.'uiia. in 1851. lie began his education in the neigh-

borhood schools and prepared for college at the Atglen High School,

an academy conducted by Professor William E. Buck. He entered

Lewisburg (now Bucknell ) L'niversity in 1867, and was graduated in

the classical course in 1871; in 1884 he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the same institution. Immediately after his graduation. Professor Philips was called to the professorshi]) of mathematics in Monongahela College, at Jcfiferson. Pennsyh'ania. and occupied that position luitil earlx in 1873, when lie was a])pointed professor of higher mathematics in the West Chester Xnrmal Sclmol. In 1878 he resigned to become professor of mathematics and natuird philosophy in Bucknell

University, and he served as such until 1881. when he succeeded Pro-

fessor Maris as principal of the State Normal School at West Chester, a position wJiich he has adorned from that time to the present.

The excellent instructional capabilities of Professor Philips and his fine managerial ability are amply attested by the ])henonienal success of

the institution while under his control. During the little more than a score of years of his principalship. the number of students in the normal school has been increased from two hundred and forty to seven hundred and fourteen in 1903, and its graduates and students who have pxassed out into honorable stations in life are numbered by thousands, a very large percentage of whom have entered ujKjn the work of teaching in various schools of all grades and throughout the entire country. These OF THE STATE 01- PENNSYLVANIA. 979

liave left llieir alma maler imt (inly with ample educational acquire- iiiciits, l)iil tlicy lia\c hmiie in marked degree the impress uf the personality of him will] MiinTintciidcd their instruction, and who ever made it his effort tn de\eln]) the indi\idnal power of his i)U])ils and not merely to alfoid them the knowledge ac(|uirahle frou! text-ljks and oral in- structidn. That ins heart and soul are of a \erity devoted to his school has tnnnd \arious and ample attestatinn in his refusal to be drawn from its ser\ice. In the year of his appointment to the principalship, he declined a call to the headship of a sister institution, the Indiana (Penn- sylvania) State Xormal Scluml. In 1888 he declined the presidency of

Buckneil L'ni\ersity, and in 1890 he also declined Governor Beaver's proffer of the |i(isiti(in nf state sui)crintendent of puhlic instruction, while he has also set aside \arious nther tempting calls to schools of assured standing and ])n)minence.

Professor Philips has, hdwever, at all times and in all ways, as he could without neglect of his school, gi\cii his zealous effort to advancing general cducation.al interests. In the capacity of institute instructor and platform lecturer, uix)n educational, literary and scientific topics. Pro- fessor Phili])s has heen in frecpient recpiest not only in Pennsylvania hut in man\- other states, and his utterances have always commanded close attention ;md warm ajipnnal. lie is e\en more widely known as an author, ami his works on .\stronomy. Natural Philosophy, Civil

(ioxernment of Pcnnsyhania and the Geography of Peimsylvania, (the hrst two in collahoration with President Isaac Sharpless, of Haverford

College) have had a wide distrihution. He was president of the State

Teachers' .Xssociation of PennsyKania in 1891, and vice-president of the National I-"

Bucknell L'liiversity, a member of tlie Pennsylvania Baptist Educational

Society, and [)resident of tlie Cliester County Historical Society.

Professor Philips has ever lx>rne a full siiare in local enterprises.

He is a meml>er of the board of managers of tlie Chester County Hos-

pital, second vice-president uf the Dime Savings Bank of Chester

County, a director of the National Bank of Qiester County. The only public oftice he has ever consented t" fill was tliat of school director.

He is a member of the Baptist church, in w liiili lie has occupied various official {Xjsitions. His political affiliations have always been with the

Republican j)arty. He is a member of the Order of the Sons of the

Revolution, deriving his title through tlie service of his lineal ancestor

Lieutenant John Philips.

Professor Philips was married, December 2y. 1877. in Highland township. Chester county. Pennsylvania, to Mi.ss Elizal)etli Marshall

Pyle. a daughter of William H. and .\nna ( Tayor) Pyle. Both her parents were Quakers. Her father was a farmer and miller, a descendant of Rol)ert Pyle, who emigrated from England in 1^)83. Her mother was a descendant of Robert Taylor, also of English l)irtli. and from whom the poet, Bayard Ta\liir. also descended. Mrs. Philips was educated at Darlington Seminary and at the Millersville State Normal

School, and she v.-as teacher of instrumental music in the West Chester

State Normal School at the time iif her marriage. She is an accomplished woman and a zealous and efficient worker in literary, temperance and social circles in the church and community. Mr. and Mrs. Philips

have two children : William Pyle Philips, born at West Chester, June

29, 1882, and Sara Elizal)elli FMiilips. lx)rn at West Chester, February

16. 1887. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 081

JAMES WHITFIELD WOOD.

James Wliitfield W'lxjd, secretary of the Tippett & Wood Com- pany, of Easton. Pennsylvania, was torn in Deckertown. Xe\v Jersey,

January 17, 1845. From the establishment of the family in America by Timothy Wootl in 1700 down to the present, the representatives of tiie nan:e ha\ e been active in promoting the development and substantial upbuilding of the various localities in which they have lived, and have promoted the educational, social and moral status of their respective states.

Timothy Wood came from Yorkshire. England, to the new world, and joined his brother Jonas, then living at Huntington. Long Island.

In 17_'7 lie was killed l)y tiie Indians. His lx)dy was found pierced with seven poisoned arrows. He left three sons. Timothy, Daniel and

Andrew. The first two removed to Orange county. Xew York, in the spring of 1728, Timothy settling in Goshen, while Daniel took up his abiMle near Florida. Tlie tiiinl son. Andrew, afterward removed to

Xcw England. Daniel W'chxI. the lineal ancestor of James W. Wood, purchased what is called the Wood farm, for which he gave a dollar per acre. It came into his ixjssession in 1733. and remained the property of his descendants for one hundred and twelve years. By his first marriage he had two sons and three daughters: John, Jonas, Mary,

Elizabeth and Deborah. By his second marriage he had two sons.

Daniel and .\ndrew W'ood.

Daniel Woml became a physician, and servetl as a surgeon in the

.American army during the Revolutionary war, making a splendid record because of his untiring devotion to the needs of the soldiers. His son John founded the city of Quincy, Illinois, and afterward became governor of that state. Andrew Wood, son of Daniel Wood (first)

57 D82 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

and l)i"nthcr of Daniel Wood (second), c

Elizabeth Totten; Andrew, who l)ec;nne a .Methodist minister of Ohio; and James.

James W'cxtd, s

Wood in Easton, PennsyKania. lie purchased the old family homestead, i;i\in,q; twenty-fi\e dollars per acre for the property fur which his great-s^randfather had ])aid one dollar per acre.

On the 9th of March, 1799, he wedded Mary .\rmstronsj;, who is descended successively from William .\riustron.ij (2), William Arm- strong (i), and Francis Armstrong. The last named sailed frimi

Ulster county, Ireland. .\u,<::;ust A. 1728, and landed in New York on the

loth of December of that year. He was a most unswerving follower of the Presbyterian doctrine, and ser\ed as trustee of his clnn-ch. He became one of the earliest memlKTs of the Presbxterian church of h'lorida, and his character is indicated from the tollowing item copied from the original writing, which was signed by Kev, J. Mlmer, pastor of the

Presbyterian church, Sq)teml;er 11, 1758. It read: "Mr. Francis

Armstrong, elder of the Preslnterian congregation in Florida, has in every article fulfilled his obligation to me as a minister on account of my support while I lived in the congregation, and much more than ever for his proportion, for which I do forever acquit him from all subscriptions made to me, and heartily and earnestly recommend him as an OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 983

example for others, if they would follow a preached gospel." Francis

Armstrong was not onl)' just and prompt in meeting all money obligations, but also displayed many sterling traits of character which made him a man honored and respected by those who knew him. To James and Mary (Armstrong) Wood were born the following

named : Daniel T., Sarah, William, Julia. Jane Keturah, James, Mary.

Thomas and Emily. Of this family Daniel T. Wood was for about thirty years pastor of the Presbyterian church in Middletown. New

York. William was an elder in tlie Presbyterian church at Galesburg,

Illinois, and J.ine was for many years engaged in missionar)- and pastoral work as the assistant of the Rev. Thomas K. Beecher, of Elmira, Xew York.

James Washington \\'ood. father of James Whitfield W'otxl. was

Ixjrn near Florida. Xew York, on Monday, October 15. 1813. and remained upon the home farm until nearly nineteen years of age. At a revival service held in Florida during the fall of 183 1. he liecame interested in the doctrine there preached, and made a public confession of his faith on the ist of January, 1832. by uniting with the Presby- terian ciuuch of Moricla. Pennsylvania. His educational privileges were somewhat limited, but he jxDSsessed a strong, discriminating mind, and used his advantages in the Ixst possible way. Determining to devote his life to the ministry, he began preparation in the spring of 183.2 by entering u\K>n a course of study under the direction of his brother,

Kcv. Daniel T. Wootl, of Middletown. The sudden change from outdoor life, however, to the sedentary habits of the student, brought on a severe illness, and it was necessary to take him back to his home in

Florida, Xew York. However, he was destined for a life of great use-

fulness, and recovering from his illness he entered Goshen .\cademy. then under the direction of Mr. Starl, in the fall of 183J. In Xovember. 984 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

1833, lie went over tlie once famous Xe\vl)ur!;' and I'laston stage line to

Easton, Pennsylvania, and on the i ith of Decenilier. 1833. matriculated in Lafayette College. In that institution he won high rank as a student, and while engaged in the mastery of a course of study there he supplied his teni]x)rary needs by working as a cabinet-maker and carpenter, lie also engaged in teaching to some extent, and was a contributor to various newspapers and magazines. His great persistency of purpose, laudable ambition and strong determination enabled him to carry on his work until he was graduated on the JOtli of September, 1837. In recognition of his high scholarship he was awarded the Latin and Eng- lish salutatory address on commencement day. He next entered the

Union Theological Seminary in Xcw York city, and also accepted such work as would bring him in the funds necessary for his support. Dur-

ing one year he was for three months a teacher of the classics in I\Iid- dletown, and this effort in behalf of higher education resulted in the establishment of the academy at that ])lace.

During the nieeting of the presbytery of Hudson at .\mity. Orange county, New ^'ork, on the iitli of SciHember. 1839. Mr. Wood was examined and licensed by the presbytery to enter upon the holy office as a

minister of the church. I Ic had in the meantime formed the acquaintance of Miss Elizabeth Caroline .\ble, and aljout the time he entered upon his ministerial work he was married to this lady at Easton, Pennsylvania,

October 9, 1839, by the i\cv. Daniel T. \Vo(k1, of Middletown, New York, assisted by Rev. Dr. Gray, of Easton. Mrs. Wood was the daughter of

Jacob Able, and a granddaughter of Jacob Able, Sr., who in his childhood days was brought from Germany to America in 1750. Mrs. Wood was a lady of superior education and culture. She possessed a most retentive merriory and a mind of great compass. In early life she became a most earnest worker in the Sunday-school, and was also a recognized OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 985

leader in the Easton Society. At the age of eighteen years she united

witli tlie Presbyterian chnrcli in Easton. nnder the pastorate of Dr. Gray,

and thniugli Iier life as a minister's wife slie manifested the most thor-

ough appreciation of the needs of the church and the work which her

husband was doing, and e.ver gave to him her loyal sympathy and sup-

port. She was greatly interested in charitable and Ijenevolent work,

and lost no opportunity to befriend the poor and needy, or to extend

sympathy to the suffering. Yet she preferred the duties of her home,

including those of wife and mother, to that of the presidency of the

sewing circle or other societies of the,, church. She was, however, a

most able assistant to her husband, her own lalxjrs rounding out his

efforts in IjchaJf of Iiis denoniinationi.

James Washington Wood was ordained and installed as pastor of the Presbyterian cliurcli at Deckertown, December 29, 1839, by the pres-

bytery at Rockaway, New ^'ork, and he remained there until September,

1845, wlicn he resigned and I)egan work for the .\merican Board of

Christian Eoreign Missions in Xew York. While a representative of that society he preached for tiic mission at Chester. Xew York, and un- expectedly to him received a call to Ijecome pastor there. This invitation was accepted, and on the ist of November, 1845, he began work in

Chester, where lie remained for seventeen years, during which time tiie membership of the chuvcli was more than doubled, reaching the number of four hundred. It was also during this pastorate that a large and lieautiful house of worship was erected at a cost of about ten tliousand dollars, and the church advanced e(|ual!y in sjiiritual strength. When at length his lalwrs there were heavy upon him and lie felt the need of relaxation, he resigned the pa.storate at Chester, on the ist of October, 1862, and

removed to Easton. On the i8th of the same month he sailed for Europe

and the Holy Land, visiting many points of modern as well as historic 98G COMPEXDRM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

interest in tlic did world. In the fall of 1863 lie returned to America, and on the 23d of April. 1865, he accepted a call from the I'reshvterian cliurcli in Alientown, Pennsyl\ania, being installed as its pastor liy the presbytery of Philadel])hia on the J5th of October. 1865. lie continued to reside in Alientown until his death, which nccm'red \cry suddenly on ATay 3. 1884. P)Oth he and his wife were laid to rest in the Able family plat, in the beautiful cemetery at F.aston. Pennsyhania.

Rev. Mr. Wood was a man of attractive ap])earance, of medium size and dark hair, and a man who was ever sym]iathetic and of broad humanitariati principle. lie was a man of scholarly attainments, who throughout his entire life cnntinuetl his ac(|\iaintancc w ith the classics and with the German and French languages, and was able to write llucntly in both as well as in the English tongue. On the 2d of July. 1879. his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity, and at the exercises held at Lafayette College he responded in an oration delivered in the Latin tongue. His writings upon secular as well as on religious subjects which ai)])eared in the news])apers and general publications showed great breadth of thought, dee]) research and tnibiased judgment. Tie was frequently called upon to deliver addresses on popular occasions, and he perhaps was never at his best more than when in the company of the yoimg. He continued young at heart, and rejoiced in their happiness and pleasures. He was a brilliant con\-ersationalist, and could adapt himself to the various conditions of all around him, and, moreover, he had the faculty of placing his associates at once at ease.

The poor, the needy and the distressed looked to him for symjiathy. aid and -encouragement, and were never disappointed. He was a popular man, not only because of his strong mentality, but because of his deep sincerity and abiding interest in his fellow men and their welfare. To his ministerial work he devoted his time with consecrated zeal, placing the OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 987

cause of the Master ever first in his Hfe and thoughts. Wliile he de- nounced wrong in strong terms, and never swerved from the jiatli of what lie believed his Christian duty, he nevertheless had broad sympatliy

for tlie feelings of his fellow men, and extended to them every aid in his power tiiat he might assist them in overcoming temptation and trials.

He looked at life not from the standix)int of a theologian, Init as a

Christian, and regarded religion as a preparation for life's daily duties.

He Ijelieved that the teachings of Christ instructed men how to work and how to play, as well as how to pray. He thought that one's religious

faith should influence their political support, their social relations and their business careers, and he championed his views with all the intensity of a strong nature, and with all the honesty and persistency of one who holds a steadfast purpose atid lives up to it. No one was ever in doubt as to his position upon any question on which his opinion was stated, yet his counsel and ad\ ice were always prompted by affection and earnestness

and it was this wliich won for him the love of many people.

The children of Rev. James Washington and Elizaljeth Caroline

(Able) Wood were Jacob Winslow Wood, of Allentown, Pennsylvania;

James Whitfiekl, of Easton : Mrs. Elizabeth Able Harrison, of Minne-

a])()lis, Minnesota; and Daniel Burton Wood, of Spokane, Missouri.

James Whitfield Wood was educated in Lafayette College, Ijeing a

graduate of the class of iS^jf), ?Ie entered upon his business career in

connection wi'.li the tliicago Tribune, of Chicago, Illinois, and in 1869

he returned to lilastdn, wliere, in connection with Henry L. Bunstein.

now the pastor of the Presbyterian church at Mil ford, Delaware, he

purchased the Easton Free Press, which they conducted until 1871. In

that year they disposed of their painjr and plant, and Mr. Wtxxl has since

been identified with industrial and maiuifacturing interests. He l>ecanie

connected with the Delaware Rolling Mills at Pbillip^burg. \ew Jersey. 988 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

and in 1873 formed a ijartncrship witli Jacob Tippctt. under tlic Iniii

name of Tippett & Wo

])artncrshi]) was maintained until the death of Mr. Tip])ett on the ^^th

of October, 1886, when the business was incorporated under the old

firm name. Mr. Wood at that time became president of the company,

in which capacity he served imtil 1903. The company takes contracts

for iron works, such as water towers, pig-iron furnaces and cement plants,

and the business has become an important industrial concern of Kaston.

while the sales of the house ha\e reached a large annual figure. Mr.

Wood has also extended his operations into other fields of lalwr, being

a man of resourceful business ability. He has been the president of the

board of trade of Eastfin since its organization, is the treasurer of the

, Stewart Silk Company of Easton, the president of the Henderson Water

Com])any, of Henderson, North Carolina, and also of the Henderson

Liglit and Power Company, and is a director of the Easton Free Press

Publishing Company-

Mr. Wood has contributed to the development of his citv along lines

of material improvement and moral progress as well as through ])ri\ate

business interests. He was a member of the city council at the time of

the installation of the first brick pa\ing and sewer construction in Easton.

In politics he is a stanch advocate of Republican principles, and is a

trustee of the Brainard Presbyterian church, and superintendent of the

Williamsport mission school.

He was married September iR. 1872, to Miss Emily Drake, a daugh-

ter of John Drake, of Easton. and to this marriage have been born three

children : Margaret, who died at the age of five years ; Raymond : and

Emily, who died at the age of seven years. The son pursued his early

education in Easton, w-as graduated in Lafayette College with the class

of iQOi. and afterward spent two years in Berlin, Germany, and Paris, OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 989

France, studying music and also the Ccrman language. He is a thor-

oughly educated musician, and a \i(jlinist i>f high standing in the pro-

fession. He is now connected u ith l)usincss interests as secretary of tlie

Tippett &• Wood Company.

HON. WILLIAM SEEKING KIRK PAT RICK.

Hon. WilHam Scl)ring Kirkpatrick, ex-congressman, and one of

llie most c;i])ahle lawyers of the Lehigli Valley bar. was born in Easton,

Pennsylvania. .\])ril Ji, 1S44. The ancestral home of the family was at

Watties Neach. in Dumfrieshire, Scotland, and the first of the family

of whom we have record was the great-great-great-grand father, who

removed from Dumfrieshire with his family to Belfast. Irel;md. during

the reign of George I, alxnit the \car 1725. In the s])ring of 1736 he

embarked at Belfast for America, and .after a stormy voyage of thirteen

weeks reached the .\mcrican h.'irbor. He crossed the Delaware river

at Philadelph.ia, and made his wa\- up the state of Xew Jersey until he

reached riotmd Brook. Thence he procee'ded across the mountains until he came to a spring of water which has since l>een called Mine P>rook.

There he settled with his family, built a log cabin, and began the de-

velopment of a farm in the midst of a wilderness. He died June 3. 175S.

His son. David Kirkjiatrick. who was horn in Watties Neach, Dum-

frieshire. .Scotland, b'ebruary 17, i7-'4, .accompanied his parents and

f.amily on their emigration to .\mcnca. I"or many years he remained a

resident of Mine Brook, where his death (xrcurred in 1814. He was

married. March 31, 1748. to Mary MacEowen. who was Imrn in .\rgyl-

shire. Scotland, .\ugust i. 1728. and died at Mine Bnxik. November 2,

1795. They had four sons and fom^ daughters, including .Mexander

Kirkpatrick, the great-gr.uul father of William Sebring Kirkpatrick. He 990 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

was l)orn September 13. 1751. at Mine Hrodk. and died September 24,

1827. His wife was a danj^Iitcr of Judge Jnlm Carle, of Long IliU.

Morris cnunty, Xew Jersey, and ibey liad thirteen eliildren.

Rev. Jacol) Kirkjiatrick. of this family, the grandfather of William

S. Kirkpatrick, was born in Xcw Jersey, August 8, 1785. and died at

Ringoes. Hunterdon county, that state. Tlic degree of Doctor of Di- vinity was conferred upon him. and for more th.an a half century he was a prominent Presbyterian minister of Ringoes. He wedded Mary Rm-- roughs Howell, a daughter of John Sutfin. of Freehold. Monmouth county, New Jersey, and their family .also numbered thirteen children.

Newton Kirkpatrick, the father, was born in Somerset county. New

Jersey, and married Miss Sebring.

Their sbn, Hon. Wilbam Sebring Kirkjjatrick, i)egan his education in the public schools of F.aston. and continued his studies until he iiad completed the hi.gh sclinol course by graduation in 1859. The same year, although onlv fifteen years of age. he entered Lafayette College and was graduateil in that instilulion with the class of 1863. On completing his iiterarj' course he took up the study of law under tlie late Judge Henry

D. Maxwell, who directed hi.'^ reading until he was admitted to the bar.

October 7, 1865, within five months after he had attained his majority.

No dreary novitiate awaited him. Aliuost at once he g.ained prominence as a lawyer, and has since maintained a leading position at the bar of tlie Lehigh Valley. A few years after entering upon practice he was appointed borough solicitor of Easton, and ser\ed in that ])osition in a most capable manner. Northam])ton c unity ha\ing becotue a separate judicial district in accordance with a ])ro\ision of the constitution of

1873. ^"'J "^ vacancy occurring on the bench of the district. Mr. Kirk- patrick was appointed, in April. 1874. president judge of the third judicial district by Governor TIartranft. upon the unanimiuis recommendation OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 991

of the board of Northampton county. This was indeed a tribute to his

personal worth and legal attainments, for he had not then reached the

age of thirty years. At the en.suing election he received the Republican

nomination for the office, and although the usual Democratic majority

was thirty-six hundred, he succeeded in reducing the opposition vote so

that his opponent received a majority of only three hundred. On the

expiration of his term of service. Judge Kirkpatrick resumed the active

practice of his profession and rapidly acquired a large and important

clientage. He was retained as counsel either for the prosecution or. de-

fense in nearly all of the important cases tried in the courts of the dis-

trict, and Iii"; power at the bar was soon widely recognized by the pro-

fession and the general iniblic. His practice extended to the courts of

neighboring districts and to the federal courts as well. He has been

remarkable among lawyers for the wide research and provident care with

which he prepares his cases. His legal learning, his analytical mind and

the readiness with which he grasps the points in an argument, all com-

bined to make him one of the most capable lawyers at the bar of Easton,

Pennsylvania.

Although Judge Kirkpatrick failed of election at the time he was

a candidate for the jjench, because of the strong Democratic majority in

the district, he was in the same year elected president of the Alumni

^ Association of Lafayette College, and in 1875 was appointed dean of

the law department of that college, which in that year was established.

He continued to fill the position until financial reasons caused the sus-

pension of the department. Although his time has been assiduously em-

ployed in the pursuit of his chosen profession, he has given some attention

to politics, remaining ever a stanch and unfaltering advocate of Repub-

lican principles. Frequently he has served as a delegate to the state con-

ventions of his party, and in 1882 was elected to preside over the tern- 992 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

])orary organization. In 18R4 lie was cicclcd nnc of tiic delci^atcs from his district to the I'iepiiljJican national convention in C'liica_y;o. and upon the accession of Governor l!ca\er to the hii^licst oflice within the ^tjift of the commonwealth, on the iSth of January, 1887. judge Kirkjiatrirk was ap])ointcd hy him to the jxisition of attorney general of Pennsyl- vania, and the courts of Northampton county in that year ordered that oflicial record he made of their gratification at the ])uhhc honor thus hestowed upon their colleague. Judge Kirl<])atrick assumed the ofhcc on the (late mentioned, and hrought to the important duties which dc-

\'olved upon him not onlv thorough prcjjaration for his wfirk. hut also a well defined determination to introduce noted reforms in the administration of the ofifice. it had grown to he the custom for the chief to leave the work of the position largely to his deputy. This course Judge

Kirkpatrick no longer honored, hut gave his jjcrsonal su])er\ision to all of the important cases in which the commonwealth was concerned, and in his preparation of them showed signal care. The result proved of great advantage to the nuhlic service, and he won notahle \icti)ries for the commonwealth. Patiently persevering, possessed of an .analytical mind, and one that is re.adi'y receptive and retentive of the fundamental principles and intricacies of the law, gifted with a spirited devotion to wearisome details, cjuick to comjirehend the most snhtle prolilems and logical in his conclusions, fearless in the advixracy of any cause he might espouse, he took to his ofTice rare fiualificatifins for success, and his course during the four years of his service as attorney general was such as to elicit the highest commendation of the hcst citizens of Pennsylvania.

On the expiration of his term of ofifice, Judge Kirkpatrick returned to Easton, where he resumed the private practice of law. In 1894 he was unanimously nominated for Congress hy the Pepuhlican party in the

eighth congressional district, and reduced the usual large Democratic (;/•• run staie or Pennsylvania. 993

iii.-ijnrily to less tlian two hundred votes. In 1896 he was again nom- iiialcd, and after a hotly contested conflict was elected by a majority of three hundred and twenty-nine over his competitor, Laird H. Barber, the

Democratic nrjuiincc, carrying his own c

He took a prominent ])arl in the session of the fifty-fifth Congress, and delivered a number of speeches on the momentous f|uestions of the day, that attracted widcsi)read interest. lie was an ardent supporter of the administration of President .McKinley, and his congressional record won

for him the admiration and supix>rt of his constituents throughout the district. The good of the nation lie placed before partisanship, and the welfare of his constituents before personal aggrandizement. He commanded the respect of the members of Congress, and at home in the state of his nati\itv where he is best known, he inspires i)crsonal friendships of unusual strength.

Judge Kirkpatrick was married. November 20, 1873, to Miss Eliza-

beth II. h)nes. a daughter of Matthew liale Jones, and their children

are twn in number, William 1 lunlingdon and Donald Kirkpatrick.

HENRY G. WESTON. 1). D., LL.D.

llcmv C. Weston, D. P.. l.L. H.. i)resident of Crozer Theological

Seminary, Chester, Pennsylvania, was lK>rn in Lynn, Massachusetts,

September i 1. 1820. His father, the Rev. John E. Weston, in partner-

shi]) with Mr. Penjamin True, founded, in 18 19, at Boston, the first

P.,i]itist wecklv in America. Tlic Cliristimi U\itcltiiiaii. now The ll'atch-

jiiuii. and was its hrst editor. Ik was drowned when Henry was eleven

vears old, but he had .-Jrcady grounded his little .son in Liitin, Greek and

Hebrew. Indeed. Dr. Wcslun can not remember when he could not

recite the Greek ali)halx;t. .\ftcr preparing for college in the Lynn 91)4 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Academy, lie entered Brown L'niversity. graduating in 1840. He

passed at once to Newton Tiieological Institution. l>ui ill health hroke

ofif his studies before the end of the second year. Hcnn irrhages from

tiie lungs threatened him witli tiie disorder which pnned fatal to his

mother and to all his brothers and sisters, but he deliberately Ijcgan to

si>end from half an hour to an hour and a half daily in deep breathing,

mostly out of doors, and to this custom, followed for forty years, and to

prudent habits, he no doubt owes the extraordinary freshness and vigor of his later life. Comi>elled tf) seek a faxorahle climate, he was ordained

at Frankfort. Kentucky, in 1843. and spent the next three years as a

missionary at his own charges in Illinois. l''rom 1846 to 1859 he was pastor of the Baptist church in Peoria, and from 1859 to 1868 pastor of the Oliver Street, later the Madison Avenue, Baptist church in New

York city. His pastorates were highly successful, and from the last mentioned he was called to Crozer Theological Seminary, of which he

has l^en president from its foundatitjn in 1868. Here he took the

chair of Preaching and Pastoral Duties ; he also lectures on the Charac- teristics and Relations of the New Testament Writings.

Dr. Weston has been twice married, lirst to Miss Enda Chambers

Van Meter, by whom he had two sons and two daughters; second, to

Miss Mary Lovitt Peters, who died in 1894. The degree of Doctor of

Divinity was conferred on him by the L'niversity of Rochester in 1859, and subsequently that of Doctor of Laws by four institutions—Brown,

Bucknell, Denison and the Southwestern L'niversity. The latter fact intimates the fitness for college presidencies which was recognized in the Crozer president, a recognition which led to rqieated and urgent calls.

Nature etpiipped Dr. Weston for a great preacher. Of somcAvhat grim countenance and impressive presence, with a voice at once power- or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 995

fiii and synipatlietic, and a l>earing lx)th familiar and earnest, his meiUal

correspond to his bodily endowments. His horizon is wide, his obser-

vation close, his sagacity almost infallible, his emotions quick and

strong, his will and his geniality alike masterful, his humor lively but

reverent, iiis memory prompt with illustrations from experience, and.

what is of supreme imiwrtance in a preacher, the real affectionateness

of his spirit as much in evidence as its forceful and even formidable

masculinity. These gifts of nature were develojied by an experience

whicii lias brought to him a varied and deep acquaintance with both

God and men. He is an insatiable reader of the best books, and crowns

his learning with a study of the Bible most rare. Every month for

many years he has reail the Xew Testament through with 'watchful and

loving attentiveness. As a result, his knowledge of the book and his

breadth of sym])athy keep him still in constant demand as a preacher,

and he has been as valued a lecturer among the devoted people of North-

field as in theological circles or with his students at home. All the

qualifications for the pul])it were as eminently sen-iceable in pastoral

relations, and if one attempted to describe how fit he is for the chair of

instruction and the responsibility of a seminary presidency, it would be

hard to do more than point out wliat any one can see for himself, how

these same characteristics, native and ac(|uired. necessarily made him

what lias grown so rare, an old-time president, the dear friend of his col-

leagues, the revered father of his students, the trusted counsellor of his

alumni, the far-seeing, tactful, informing soul of the Seminarv'. He

has led it for more than thirty years to a place among the best schools of divinity, and now. in his eighty-fourth year, he is as bright, stimulat-

ing and instructive as c\ er. while his enriched spirituality makes his hold

gentler but surer, and his presence more indispensable than it could ap-

l^ear in years less t\\k. When he is present in chapel, as he almost in- 99r, COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

•variably is, the njoni seems full, and when he is away the place seems

uncomfortably void. .\nd so his position is almost, if not quite, unique, as that of such a man in such relations must necessarily be. \Miat it is

was ])artly illustrated in the preparations for commencement a year ago. Some of the graduating class were asking for a change of plans, and he .said: "You do not seem to be afraid of me, gentlemen." To

which a member of the class had the wit and the good heart to reply:

"You know. Doctor, that perfect love casteth out fear."

JAMES McCLURG GUFFEY.

' James McClurg Guffey. a leading operator in the oil and gas fields of western Pennsylvania, and tlie jiromotcr of kindred industries having tlicir rise from tlie development of tlie great natural resources of the State, was 1x)rn in Sewickley township. Westmoreland county.

January 19. 1839. He is descended from the clan of Guffey. living in one of the most fertile districts of the lowlands of Scotland. Its representatives have also been connected with the history of Pittsburg from almost its first api^earance in liistory. The first American ancestor was William Guffey, who, with his wife and child, crossed the At- lantic in 1738 and settled near Philadelphia. In 1758 Forbes made his memoiable expedition against Fort Duquesne. now Pittsburg, and soon afterward William Guffey and other adventuresome spirits, took their families and followed the army to the little settlement in western Penn- sylvania, where the battle had lieen fought and won. They traveled through unbroken forests, and made the first English settlement in

Westmoreland county and the second west of the Alleghany mountains, the first having been made at Mount Braddock, near the present site of

Uniontown, six years before.

or THE STATE OE PEKNSYLVAXIA. 99'.t

James Guffey, the only son of William Guffey, married Margaret

Campbell, whose father. William Campbell, was also among those who followed the Forbes expedition. The first child of this marriage was

John Guffe\ born in 1764. In 1780 James Guffey purchased land in what is now Sewickley township. Westmoreland county, and there James

McClurg Guffey was born, the fifth and next to the youngest one of the family of James Guffev.

James McClurg Guffey attended the public schools, then pursued a course in a commercial school, and at the age of eighteen years accepted a cleric.il |)(Jsilion in the office of the superintendent of the Louisville &

Nashville Railroad, at Louisville. Kentuck\-. where he remained for several years. He next filled a resix>nsible position with the .\dams Ex- press Company, at Xashville. Tennessee, and in 1872 returned to Penn- sylvania. L(Kating in the oil regions, he engaged in the production of petroleum, of which industry he has since been one of the most active and successful representatives. He became probably the largest individual [jrodiicer and operator in America, interested in all the fields of northwestern Pennsylvania .ind through the district extending to Pitts- burg. In addition to the i)ro(luction of oil. he also e.xtended his labors to the development of the natural gas resources of the state, and with his business associates he developed the enormous gas fields of Weston and .Mlegheny counties, and became largely interested in tlie transjiort-

.ition of natural gas. 1 le became the vice-president of the Westmoreland and Cambria Xatmal ( i.is Company, which supplies Johnstown, Penn-

s)l\ania : is president of the Southwest Natural Gas Company, which supplies the Connellsville coke region; vice-president of the Wheeling

(West Virginia) Natural Gas Company: president of the Bellevue Nat- ur.'d Gas Coini)any: and president of the United Fuel Gas Company, whose pipe lines extend from Washington county. Pennsylvania, to 1000 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

l'itt^.l)urt;. He is an iii(lt'tati^al)lc and resdurceful Imsiness man, and has made it liis i)lan to give personal supervision and executive ability to his large concerns.

Mr. Guffey's in\estnients are also represented b\ vast coal i)roix;r- ties in I'ennsyhania and West \'irginia. and hy gold and silver mine interests in Idaho. He has served as jircsident of the Trade Dollar Min- ing and Milling Cf)mpany. at SiKer C'itw Idaho, and is one of the

]iricipal owners and an officer of the b'lorida Mountain Mining ami

Milling Company of tb.e same locality. He is likewise interested in the production of petroleum in four states, and is connected witli the financial circles of Pittsburg as a director of the Columbia National liank.

Mr. Gufifey belongs to the Dutpiesne Club and gi\cs his political support to tlie Democracy, but has never been active in politics, his attention being directed in business channels, in which his intelligent and ijractical effort has led to large successes.

WILLIAM WAYNE.

The Wayne family represented in the present generation by Will- iam Wayne, a resident of Paoli. Chester county. Pennsylvania, is among the oldest and most distinguished in the state, and its history has l)een closely intertwined with that of Chester county. The founder of the

.\merican branch of the family was Anthony Wayne, a native of York- shire, England, who in early life removed to county Wicklow. Ireland; he commanded a squadron of dragoons under King William, at the battle of tiic Hoyne, and being warmly attached to liberal principles he mi- grated with his wife. Hannah (Faulkner) Wayne and family to Amer- ica in the year 1722.

Isaac Wayne, son of Anthony and Hannah Wayne, followed the OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1001 quiet but useful calling of agriculture, and during his entire lifetime was a useful and public-spirited citizen of the community in which he resided. He repeatedly occupied a seat in the provincial assembly, which attested to the esteem in which he was held by his fellow townsmen, and he distinguished himself in various expeditions against the Ijelligerent

Indians. He was uniteil in marriage to Elizal^eth Iddings. and among the children born to them was a son, Anthony Wayne.

Anthony Wayne, tlie famous niilitar\- chieftain of Chester county, a son of Isaac and Elizabeth Wayne, was born in the township of East- town. January i. 1745. He received an excellent education, and for a numl)er of }ears after completing his studies was employed in sur\-ey- ing. practical astronomy and engineering. He was an active and prominent factor in the prejjaration for the Revolutionary contest, being a meml)er of the Chester county Whigs, and at a large meeting of the inhabitants of the count) lieJd at Chester in December. 1774. he was chosen chairman of a committee of seventy, who were appointed to aid in su|)erseding the colonial government and to take charge of the local interests of the county. January 3, 1776. he was commissioned colonel of the I""ourth Pennsylvania Battalion, and saw service in Canada, being wounded at the battle of Three Ri\ers. and lieing commander at Fort

Ticonderoga. He was promoted to brigadier general in 1777. and joined Washington in Xew Jersey. He defended Chadd's Ford at the battle of Brandywine. September 11. 1777. and commanded the right wing at the battle of Germantown. in October of the same year. He

])erformed excellent ser\ice during the starvation winter at Valley Forge,

to which he brought many captured horses, cattle and other supplies.

He was in the battle of Monmouth, Xew Jeisey. June 28, 1778. He led

the attack at Stony Point, on the Hudson. July 16, 1779. and with

twehe hundred men reached the fort without being observed, and by a lons^ COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

bayonet charge forced a surrender of ilic garrison. This was his most famous achievement, and for it Congress voted to him a gold medal

(which priceless heirloom is now in possession of Mr. William Wayne, of Paoli), while his impetuous \alor won for him the sobriquet of "Mad

Anthony Wayne." Early in 1781 he suppressed a mutiny among the troops; he commanded at Green Spring in the same year; and lx)re a conspicuous part in the campaign which had its triumphant close in the capture of Yorktown. In 17R2 he was assigned to the command in

Georgia, and defeated the British and Indians, for which achievement tliat slate rewarded him witli tlic gift of a valualile i)]antation. He was bre\etted major general in 1783: was a meiul)er of the Penns\'lvania legislature in 1784; and a meml>er of the state ratifying convention in

1787. Tn 1792 he was commissioned full major general, and was appointed by President Washington to the command in the northwest, to succeed General St. Clair, after the defeat of that officer. General

Wayne's services here were conspicuously successful, and it is entirely probable that without them the Louisiana Purchase would not have been effected. He defeated the Indians at Fallen Timljers, or Maumee Rap- ids, August 12. 1794: built Fort Wayne, on the site of the present flourishing city of that name in Indiana; and concluded a treaty with the

Indians at Greenville, in 1795. Truly a splendid record of patriotic service.

The Pennsylvania farm on which General Wayne resided was purchased by the emigrant ancestor, Anthony Wayne, and was situated in

Easttown township, alx)ut one mile southeast of Paoli, and near the road leading from that town to the Leopard. The stone dwelling was erected by Anthony, the emigrant, in 1722 and 1724: the furniture of the parlor remains exactly as it was in the days of General Wayne, and the nxjm is an admirably preserved relic of the olden time. General OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1003

Wayne married Mary Penrose, wlio Ijorc him two children— Isaac and

Margaret Wayne. I lis death occurred at Presqiie Isle. Pennsylvania,

December 14. \~()(k and liis remains were interred on the shore of Lake

Erie. Subsequently his son brought the remains to the family cemetery at St. David's ciuircli. and on June 5, iRii. a monument to his memory was erected by tlic Pennsylvania State Society of the Cin- cinnati.

The next in line of descent was Margaret Wayne, daugliter of

General Anthony and Mary (Penrose) Wayne, who was Ixirn in 1770, and died in iSio. She became the wife of William Richardson Atlee, and they were the parents of one ciiild. Mary Wayne .\tlee, who was united in marriage to Isaaclicr Evans, and the issue of this union was a son, William Wayne Evans.

William Wayne Evans, who by an act of legislature was allowed to drop the name of Evans, was born in 1828. He was educatetl in the schools of Philadelphia, and this knowledge was supplemented by a course at the University of Pennsylvania, from which institution he was graduated. He was a meml)er of the Pennsylvania legislature, and served as captain during the war nf the Rebellion. His religious memliership was in the Protestant Episcopal church, and his jjolitical affiliations were with the Republican ]wrty. He married Hannah J. Zook, a daughter of David and Eleanor Zook, of Montgomery county,

Pennsylvania. Their children are: William, mentioned hereinafter; and Mary .\tlee. who became the wife of John McCrea Wirgman.

William Wayne, the father of these children, died in 1901.

\\ illiani Wayne, only son of William and Hannah J. (ZtK)k) \\'a\ne, was Iforn at Wayneslxirough, Chester county, Pennsylvania,

.\ugust 27. 1855, and occupies the house in which he was Iiorn. erected by Anthony, the emigrant, in 1722 and 1724. His early etlucational 1004 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AXD GENEALOGY

advantages were olrtaincd in the sclionis of riiila(lel])hia. rind at die

University of Pennsylvania. His hnsiness career lias lieen devoted to

the tilling of the soil, and this occupation has ])ro\e(] both ])k'asant and

rennineratixx. He is serving as a niem1)er of the Pennsylvania legisla-

ture, is active and prominent in the work of St. l^avid's Episcopal

clnu'ch. Radnor. Pennsylvania, and his ])olitical sentiments coincide

with those advocated by the Republican party. He holds memlier.ship

in the following named societies: Cincinnati. Sons of the Revolution.

Colonial \\'ars. Loyal Legion and Order of Albion.

In the city of Philadeli)lna. Penn.sylvania. in 1883. Mr. Wayne mar-

ried Mary \'alentine Fox. a daughter of Dr. George and Sarah (Val-

entine) Fox, her education having lieen ac(|uired in the schools of Phil-

adelphia. Their children are: William, born I""ebruary 29. 1884, at

Paoli : and Fdith Sarah Fox. born Novemljer 12, 1889, at Paoli.

MICHAEL BUTZ.

Michael lUitz, who was diu'ing a long and peculiarly active career one of the most enterprising citizens of Easton. a leading merchant and

manufacturer and prominent in ])nblic affairs, was a descendant of an

old and honored Pennsyhania ancestry. He was born in Palmer town-

ship. Northampton county, Pennsylvania. Januarx 1. 1796. a son of

Christian Butz.

Michael Butz. father of Chri.stian Butz. was bom in Springfield

township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, and his father was a native of the Pfalz region in Germany. IMicbacl Butz removed in 1763 to North- ampton county, and settled upon a farm of three hundred and twenty acres, which he purchased that year (May 10) from Paul Abel. He was a member of the first militarv company organized in Easton, in OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1006

1763. and (lining the Revolutionary war lie was witli the patriot army as a teamster, using his own team. He lived to an advanced age, and

(lied in Palmer townshij), Northampton county. His wife, who was

lClizal>eth Messinger, Ixire him eleven children; the sons were Henry,

Michael. Peter, George, Abraham, Christian and Jacob; the daughters

were Mrs. Heller, Mrs. Emory, Mrs. Odenwelder and Mrs. Hilliand.

Christian Butz, son of Michael and Elizaljeth (Messinger) Butz, was

lK)rn in Springfield township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, Xoveml)er

iX, 1756. He was a child when his parents removed to Palmer town-

ship. Xi.Tthampton county, and there was reared on the paternal farm,

lie married Mary Wagner, who was of Quaker descent, and well car-

ried llie simple dignity of that people. Her father was Daniel Wag-

ner, who owned a large tract of land on both sides of Bushkill creek,

and wimse home was one of the most beautiful in the vicinity of Easton.

Mr. Butz moved into Easton and built what was then one of the most

stately residences in that region, and which even to-day presents a mod-

ern appearance. He was sagacious in business affairs, conducting his

farm w itii success, and also owning and operating a grist mill, and in

his day was deemed a wealthy man. It is remembered of him that he

was among the first to introduce a gig in the neigh1x>rhoo

tracted much .attention when he and his wife used it upon the public

roads. They were a congenial couple, deeply attached to each other

ruid to their f.imilw and were exemplary memliers of the Reformed church. They were the ])arents of seven children—Jacob. Daniel,

.Michael. David. Eli7.al)eth, Susan and Mary. One of their children

came to a most distressing tleath. Mrs. Butz had placed the balie in

its cradle, and on returning to the room shortly afterward discovered to

her horror th.it a sn.ike had buried its fangs in the little one. Mr. Chris-

tian Butz died in 1S21, at the age of sixty-five years. His widow then 1000 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

removed to Easton, wliere slie passed Iicr declining years in a comfortable lllMllC.

Michael Biitz, son of Qiristian and Mary (Wagner) Butz. was bom in Palmer township, Xorthampton county, Pennsylvania, on tlie family homestead, January i, 1796. He was four years old wiien his parents removed to Easton. There lie was a student in the old academy, with

Mr. Miles as his teacher. He completed his education at Doylestown under the Rev. Mr. Dutois, in whose family he lived during the time.

When sixteen years of age, Michael Butz engaged in work in liis father's mill, meantime receiving instruction from his l)rotlier. In

1818, with his brother Jacob, he engaged in a mercantile business in

Easton. In 1827 lie purchased the old homestead with its mill, operating the latter in connection with his store. While generally successful in business, Mr. Butz also experienced some serious losses. With his brother, in 1837. he embarked in a woolen manufacturing business, in whicli they remained for six years, when they abandoned the enterprise, ha\ ing lost considerable means. The venture was. however, highly advantageous to the town, fnr it markeil the lieginning of what developed into an industry of great importance. Mr. Butz retired from his mercantile business in 1856, continuing his milling business until

1870. and during these periods he had in his emjiloy at one time or another, several young men who afterwards came to prominence in commercial life.

Mr. Butz was throughout his life active in all pertaining to community afifaits. Tn his early manhood be was a member of the famous

Easton Union Guards, which was from 18 16 (the year of its organization) to 1829, the pride of the city, its membership being made up of its foremost young citizens, and he was a corporal when he marched with it to Philadelphia to join in the wonderfully enthusiastic greeting OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1007

to Lafayette, who visited that city in 1824. For some fifty years he was a (Hrector in the hank wliicli liccame the National Bank of Easton, and he was a nicnihcr of the town council for many years. He was a man of unusually wise judgment, keen foresight, puhlic spirit and enterprise, and it is to he said of him that during his active career he was an efficient leader in promoting the Ijest interests of the community.

In his personal life he was considerate and sympathetic. His aid was freely extended to assist in the establishment of a worthy neighbor, and he afforded liberally of his means to benevolent and charitable ol>- jects. He connected himself with the Reformed church at the early age of fifteen years, and he was throughout his life one of its most exemplary members, serving it uscfull\' in various official stations. In

1843 he built the home in whicli he reared his family, and which is now occupied 1)\' some nf his children. He died Xovember 5. 1889.

October 22. 1822, Mr. Butz married Elizalieth Shinier, a daughter of Jacob Shimer. The following named children, five sons and three daughters, were born of this marriage: Mary, Ixirn July, 1823. died

December 5, 1881. Eliza, torn March 12, 1826, died in January,

1843. Jacob, born April 3. 1828. died January 10, 1901 ; he succeeded his falJier in the mercantile business: his wife was Adelia Bixler, and thev were the parents of four children—Charles M., Elizal>eth. Eloise and Lewis. David, born .\pril 21. 1831. died Septeml>er 10. i8g8, was a lumber dealer by occupation, and ser\e(l honorably in the L'nion

• univ during the rebellion. Charles, torn June 6. 1834. died Octotor

1, 1838. Matilda, born May 5. 1837, married .\ugust 11, 1869,

Henry R. Chidsey, who was born in Easton, June 16, 1834, a son of

Russell Chidsey ; he was a hardware and stove merchant by occupation, was a member of the .\merican Reformed church, and was president of the town council at the time of his death. July 21. 1870. Sam- 1008 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AXD GEKEALOGY

iiel, Ixini September 9, 1840, became a sbirt iiiaiiufactiirer in Kaston. lulward. Ihhii .August 31, 1844. is a lunil)er luanufacturer by nccupa- tiou; married, in 1870, Annie E. Geary, and to tbem were lH,)rn two children—Mary, December 25, 1870, an

EDWARD J. EOX.

Edward J. Fox, one of the most distinguislied members of tlie Penn- sylvania bar, whose brilliant professional life extended over the long period of forty-four years, came of a splendid colonial ancestry.

The Fox family was English, and of assured position. In the

Church of SS. Peter and Paul in N'orthamptonshire, England, are memorials to Michael E'ox, and the family coat-of-arms is recorded in the

Herald's College. A branch of tiie family was planted in Ireland, and from this descended Edward E^ox, paternal grandfather of Edward J.

Fox, born in Dublin in 175.2, and whf) came to America some years before the Revolution. He settled in Philadelphia, and there married, in 1780, a sister of Jonathan Dickinson Sergeant. This Sergeant was also of a distinguished family, and one of its most illustrious members was his nephew. Hon. John .Sergeant, lawyer and statesman, who in

1832 was a candidate for vice president on the same ticket with the great

Henry Clay. Edward Fox car\cd out for himself a noble career. He studied law under Samuel Chase, of Maryland (afterwards a judge of the supreme court of the United States by appointment of President

Washington), became a prominent member of the Pennsylvania bar, and in 1783 was auditor-general of the state.

John Fox, son of Edward Fox. became even more conspicuous than his sire. Born in Philadelphia, .April 2(^. 1787. he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania and studied law under the precei)torship OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1009

elected to of Alcxaiidcr J. Dallri'^, wlmse son, CeDrge Mifflin Dallas, was the vice presidency in 1S44 upnn tlic same ticket with President Polk.

Idliii Fnx was admitted to the liar in i8n", and entered upon practice in Newtown, where lie remained until if^i.v when he removed to Doyles- towu. to which ]ilacc the county seat of Piucks cfiunty was removed from that first named. In 1S14 he hecame deputy attorney general for Bucks county under appointment by Governor Simon Snyder. When court opened in that year, a few days after the burning of the capito! at Wash- ington, Mr. I'ox arose and said th;it the P>ritisli were devastating tlie country, and. without asking what others deemed their duty, felt that he had no business in a court room while an enemy occupied the land.

He at once left the building and joined a company of volunteers, and was elected .a lieutenant. Me practiced his profession until 1830, when he was appointed president judge of the Bucks and Montgomery district, in which capacity he .served uiUil 1841, when he retired from t!ie bench .and resumed Law practice at Doylestown, to which he devoted himself until his death, .\pril 13. 1849, ^^ ^'^^ age of sixtv-two vears.

.\ i)rofoundly learned law\er. Judge I'ox was incomparable as a jurist. Among the most notable trials upon which he sat were those of

Mina and Mrs. Chapman, in 1832. In 1838 he handed down a long and exhausti\e decision denying the right of a negro to vote in Pennsyl- vania under the state constitution of 1790, and one which attracted wiile attention, and which the I'rcnch historian de Tocqueville deemetl so thorough a presentation of an important question that he cited it in his

"Democracy in .America." Judge Fox was a man of intense feeling and controversial nature, and Iwre a full share in the political struggles of his day. lie was the Ixisom friend and adviser of SamuelD. Tngham,

who was secretary of the treasury under President Jackson, and who left the cabinet on account of the Eaton imbroglio. 1010 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AXD GENEALOGY

Judge Fox was married. June 6. 1816. to Margery Rodman. Her father, Gilbert Ro

in the Revolution, in wliich he served as major in tlic Second liucks

County Battalion, on t!ic .\niboy campaign in i/J'^i. His brother William was also disowned by the same peo])le for \dluntarily taking the oath of allegiance to the continental government in 1778. William served under

General Lacey in 1781. was a member of ilie state senate, commanded a troop of horse in tlic Pries rebellion in 1799, and was a luemlier of congress from 1812 to 18 16.

Of this excellent lineage was born Edward j. I'ox. son of Judge

Jolm and Margery (RcKlman) I-'ox, at Doylestown, Pennsylvania, Sep- tember 15. 1824. His education was Ijegun in the \illage schools, and was completed at Princeton College, which he entered at so early an age and where he pursucfl his studies with sucli avidity that in his eighteenth year he began the study of law in the office of his father, who liad just

retired from the liench. I lis training under the masterly paternal pre-

ceptorship was deep and tlmrongh and long continued. For four years the son was daily taught in the principles and ]iractice of the profession,

and was admitted to the bar in 1843, on the day after his attaining his

majority. He soon afterwards became associated in ])ractice w ith his

elder brother, (jilbert R. Fox, at Norristown (now deceased), but sub-

seciuently removed to Philadelphia, where he remained but a year, when

he was called to Doylestown on account of the illness of his father, and

a partnership was formed between sire and son which only terminated

with the death of the senior Fox. In 1846 he was admitted to practice

before the. supreme court of Pennsylvania, in 1847 to the United States

district and circuit courts, and in 1875 to the Supreme Court of the or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1011

United States. In 1S53 lie removed to Easton, where he was engaged in practice fur tliirty-six years. In January, 1882, he took as a law part-

liis SMii. ner I'.dward J. Fox. Jr.. and their association was maintained until lii.s death.

Mr. I'^ox was entirel_\- devoted to his profession, from which he could not he w ithdr.iwn hy the most alluring invitations to official or public ])osition. His friends presented him for .1 nomination to the su])reme bench in iSSo, and he was strongly supported in the Democratic state convention, hut this effort received no aid from him, and. when it failed for vv.int of a few votes which he could have secured, he thanked his friends for their labors an

The remai'kable professional indu.stry of Mr. Fox is discernihic in the references to hiui as counsel in the State Reports for the long jjeriofl of fortv-thrcc years from 1846 to 1889. His first reported argument in the su])reme court is in Commonwealth, to the use of Meyers vs. Frets.

4 Barr, 344, and his last was Miller vs. Chester Slate Company, 129 F'a.

St., 81, decided less than three weeks before his death, and these two cases arc marked bv a division line of one hundred anti tvveiU\'-five vol- mues within which are his arguments. He had a large practice in all the civil coiuls in his own and adjoining districts, and in the federal courts reaching to the supreme coiut of the United States, his services being in special demand in the trial of issues involving large sums of money. In the McKeen will case, in 1859, he adjusted a dispute over the validity of two codicils, reported as McKeen"s .Appeal, 6 Wright,

479. ihe I'irst National Bank of Easton vs. Executors of Jacob Wire- 1012 COMPENDIUM Ol- JJISTORV AND GENEALOGY

back, deceased, attacked tlie mental capacity of tlic endorsement of a note for $10,000, and the case was tried tliree times in tlie lower court, and was twice argued in the supreme court, where the contention of Mr.

Fox was upheld, 97 I'a. St., 543, 106 Pa. St.. ^j. The Herster will case, involving more than $200,000, was twice tried in common pleas, and was twice heard in the appellate court. Mr. Fox had one verdict below and one appeal, but the final judgment was against him, as rqiorted in Herster vs. Herster. 116 Pa. St.. 612. ibid.. 122 Pa. St., 239. In the cases of Snyder vs. Mutual Lite Insurance Company, actions on jwlicics for $30,000. tried in tlie United States circuit court in Philadelphia, in

1874, defense was stoutly made upon the suicide clause by Mr. Biddle and

Mr. Porter. The plaintiff, represented by Mr. Fox and Judge Green, obtained verdicts, w hich w ere held upon error to the United States supreme court, 3 Otto, 393-f). In suits of the same plaintiff against the Penn

Mutual Life Insurance Company, tried in the common pleas of Monroe county in 1875. verdicts were obtained for $16,000, and judgment was affirmed by the supreme court of Pennsylvania, 3 W. N. Cases. 269. In

1882 Mr. Fox filed a bill in eqin'ty for the Lehigh Water Company against the municipal corporation of Faston. to restrain it from proceeding to construct waterworks for furnishing water to the public, and thus de- stroy the valuable ])roi)erty and franchises of the Water Company. It involved ven,' large financial interests. The Lehigh Water Company had l)een incorporated in i860, and was authorized to supply the citizens of Easton with water. It erected valuable plants, invested large sums of money, and proceeded to fulfil its incorporated purposes. In 1867

Easton was empowered by an act of assembly to construct its own waterworks, after receiving a majority of the popular vote therefor. This vote it secured in 1881. In June, 1880, the water company accepted the provisions of an act of the legislature, April 29, 1874, which pro- or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1013

vided for the regulation (jf water and gas companies, and made the right

"in the locah'ty covered by charter an exclusive one." The suit was prosecuted uiKjn the theory that the act of 1867 ceased to be valid after the adoption ni tlie i)rtsent constitution: that the Lehigh Water Company acquired by the act of 1874 the exclusive right to erect and maintain waterworks for supplying water to Easton: that the act of 1867, if not superseded by the new constitution of the state, impaired the obligation of the contract between it and the commonwealth, and was thus obnoxious to tlie federal prohibition. This view was not sustained by the supreme court of the state ( Lehigh Water Company's Appeal, 102 Pa. St.. 515). and upon writ of error to the supreme court of the United States the judgment was artirmed (Lehigh Water Company vs. Easton. ui U. S..

388).

Mr. F(j.x displayed splendid ability in the cotiduct of the many closely contested murder and homicide cases to which he was called. In one famous instance he was retained by the county of Northampton to assist the district attorney in the prosecution of Allen C. Laros. charged with killing by jjoison his father, mother and uncle. Mr. Scott and Mr. Kirk- patrick made an elaborate defense, introducing expert testimony tending to discredit the allegations of death by poison, and to establish the irre- sponsibility of the accused by reason of the impairment of his inind by epilepsy. Throughout the trial of two weeks. Mr. Fox combated with great tact and ingenuity every point raised, calling to his aid a large fund of technical scientific knowledge covering the action of poisons and phenomena of disease, as well as the manifestations of alienism, and succeeded in procuring a verdict of murder in the first degree. The further history of this case, a most notable one in the criminal annals of the state. is not pertinent to this narrative. In 1867 ^Ir. Fox aided the district

attorney in the Carbon county court in the prosecution of Gould, Acker- 1014 COMPENDIUM 01' HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

son and Meckes, indicted for the murder of a young girl. Tlie accused were convicted, Init tlie deadly blow having l)een given in one county and death ensuing in another, judgment wa.s arrested im the ground of want of jurisdiction, and on a new trial in Monroe county the defendants were ac(|nitted. although tlicy were afterwards con\icted in a less degree in Carhon county. In 1877 Mr. Fox aided the district attorney in the

Carhon county court in the prosecution of Charles Wagner for killing with jKiisoii Louisa I'joyer. .-\llen Craig and General Albright, for the commonwealth, brought out amjjle proof that death was due to arsenic, but failed to show l)eyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant wa5 chargeable with its administration, and he was ac(|uitted. Mr. Fox's speech in this case was his only one which was stenographically reported.

It was printed /;; c.vlciiso in the newspapers of the Lehigh Valley, anrl added \astly to his ])revious rejjutation as a capable lawyer and effective orator.

It was on the side of the defense, however, that Mr. Fox revealed his highest f|ualities. A strong e.\ami)le of his powers api)ears in his defense of Campbell. Fisher and Kcnna. three of the famous "Molly

Maguires." In the case of the last named, a conviction was brought in of a lesser grade than the highest, and he carried the case of Campbell to the supreme court, where the judgment was affirmed. Campbell vs.

Com., 3 Norris, 187. In 1865 he was leading counsel for Hattie Blaine, indicted for the murder of William Blaine, and who was acquitted, after he had made a strongly impressive speech, on the ground of self-defense in face of much strong evidence of premeditation. In 1872, apj^earing for John Lucas, accused of the murder of his wife by the administering of arsenic, the state proved the presence of arsenic in the .stomach of deceased, as well as deadly threats on the i)art of the defendant. Through his skilful cross-examination Mr. Fox left it doubtful whether death was Ul- THE STATE Of PENNSYLVANIA. 1015

licit due t(i suicide, and acquittal followed. In 1875 Mr. P'ox defended

.Mai'tlia Gliise. indicted f(ir llie murder of her infant, and procured an ac(|uittal, setting uj) as a defense, under dilVicult conditions of proof, an assertion of puerjicnd mania. His speech in this case exhibited his rare

])o\ver of dramatic tduch and patlins. in wliicli lie was without a master.

Mr. Fox's professional attainments were elo<|uently narrated hy his

])crsonal friend and warm admirer, Mr. TTenry \\^ Scott, of the Nortli- aini)ton county bar. now judge of that district, in a memorial sketch l)rinted in 1893, and in the following language:

"Tn his later years, at least, he was no student of lx)oks. either of

literature or of law. I lis legal lihrar\- was not replenished with many niiidern text books: he kej)! to the old editions, which were not disfigured by copious and cuinr;idictor\- .'innolatitjiis. He preferred to drink from the fountains rather than from the polluted currents. He did not read the decisions of the courts systematically, as they were published in the

Reports: lie beliexed he knew what the law was, and did not expect to find the decisions otherwise. He stopped brief-making many years be-

fore his death: hut. sometimes, for easy reference, made note of a case on the back nf an emxlope. or updii the face of one of the pleadings.

These wnuld he fatal courses t'or a new gencnitioii. hut he bad a steady f.iitb in the :ic(|uisitions of bis earlier years, and the measure of success he bad justilied his wisdom.

"In the argument of a case be would not yield to absolute precedent unless it was binding authorit\-. If it was a decision of an inferior or

extra-territ(iri:d cnurt. be would take the book with ;i manner of sublime confidence that be could shake its reasoning to pieces, or distinguish it from the point before him. He did not always succeed, but he did not shrink fnnu the occasion to measure his strength with some other \igorous and inaiil\ mind that thought otherwise than he did.

S9 1U16 COMPENDIUM or HISTORY AXD GliX LLAI.OGY

"III tlie imnia^ciiiciit of a cause, liis tact was a matter for admira-

tion: from llie moment a jur_\' \\;is empaneled, liis lliought was ii]ion the

verdict; he yicldei! to every persausi\e su,t;j^cstioM of tlie court; he made

tlie jurymen his friends l)y watcliiui;- their comfort; if a draut^lit of ;iir came from the window, it w;is closed; if the hour for adjourniuenl h;id come, it was upon liis hint that the coml was reminded the jurv li;id heen sitting patientl)- and long; his cheerful "(jood morning!" as they i)assed into their seats made each feel it was of some consequence to meet Inin with famih.ar recognition, yet there was no unworthy artifice: like I'.urkc. he 'had no arts l)ut manly arts." Tf his own w'itness was timid, he encouraged him first hy unim])ortant (|uestioning, until he wa.s assured how- easy it all was; if liis adversary's witness was self-reliant, positive and strong, he did not hy cross-examination gi\e him an o])])ortunity to repeat his damaging proofs, but led him away to some irrelevant matter, and sought there a vulnerahlc spot for contradiction.

"He did not often make ohjections unless tiie matter was \it;il : his records on writs of error contained hut few exceptions: and he rarely supported his cause by more than one or twf) leading propositions; he believed good cases were lost by obscuring the conspicuous general features with irrelevant and inconsequential particulars.

"His arguments w ere in strong, direct, vigorous Anglo-Saxon, often powerful, always impressive. His line voice was und'-.r complete control, and his s])eech sometimes, upon great occasions, reached the very highest points of spoken elociuence: but he ]nit on no purple patches, unless he was swelling with some mighty theme. Illustrations he chiefly drew, and with great efifcct. from the historical books of the Old Testa- ment and the Parables of the Xew. His mind had the enlarged cultivation which conies from much trax'cl at home ami abroad, and his manners were those of stately courtesy. —

or THE STATE OF PENNSYLl'AMA. Iul7

" 'Thus he bore, without abuse. The grand old name of gentleman.'

"His was not an eventful life: his deeds will not i)c written in the nicmnrials of history, but no ruler who ever founded empires, no statesman who ever raised .the weary hope of fallen nations, no conquering captain wIid ever drew a sword, could leave behmd U) those who loved him. the memory cjf a name more stainless."

Mr. Fox preserved his mental and physical vigor unimpaired and to the last. On Xovcmber 22. 1889. he finished the trial of an important case which had consumed much time, and it is worthy of note that some months afterwards the judgment he secured on this occasion was sustained by the sui)reme court in Rickert vs. Stephens ct al.. 133 Pa. St..

538. .\t the adjournment of court he was engaged in another cause.

Three hours later, seated with his wife in a social gathering in the Pres- byterian church, he tell dead from a stroke of apoplexy. The event was a great shock to the community, and evoked sorrow and sympathy from all classes. The funeral services were attended by a large and deeply affected concourse, and the members of the bar of the counties of North- ami)ton. Bucks and Lehigh, each of itself, held memorial meetings and gave e.\])ressit)n to their sentiments of affection and admiration of the greatest one of all their number.

Mr. Fox was a pillar of the church within whose walls he died the Braincrd Presbyterian church, and he was for more than a quarter of a century the superintendent of its Sunday-.school. His personal character was unsullied. Besides the church societies with which he was connected, he w as president of the Easton Relief Association. His private unostentatious deeds of kindness were legion, and it was said of him by one in his household, "1 do not think anybody ever came to him in distress and trouble but that he did something to help them." He was i018 COMPENDIUM Ul- illSTURY AM) GENEALOGY

a power in the ci)iniminit\- in the aihancenient uf material as well as

innral aj^'encies, and was long a niemher uf the eity council ami ni the

school hoard. In politics he was a Democrat, steadfast and earnest, yet

tolerant towards those who held to antagonistic principles.

Mr. Fox was married, Jnne 5, 1849, to Miss Mary C. Wilson,

daughter of James C. Wihson, of Ea.ston. She died November 27. if^ji,

and on January 16, 1878, Mr. Fox was married to Miss Eli/.aheth I".

Randolph, a daughter of TTon. James T. I\andol])h. who survi\-es him.

Six children were horn li\' his hrst marriage. They were as follows:

I. Fmil_\- hecame the wife of John L. Wilson, and is deceased. J. John

graduated from Lafayette College in the class of 187 J, studied theology

at Princeton, was (jidained in the I'reshyterian ministry, hatl pastorates

in Baltimore, Pittslnu\g and Brooklyn, and is now secretary of the Amer-

ican Bible Society. He married iMiss Margaret B. Kinkead, of Lex-

ington, Kentucky, and to them was born a daughter, i'earce K. Fox.

3. Eliza became the wife of Dr. Joseph I'. Xevin. to whom she lK)re

two children, Mary W. and Josei)h V. Ncvin. .\fter the death of Dr.

Nevin she married William B. Marx, and to them was born a child,

Edward Fox Marx. 4. ivlward J.. Jr., graduated from Lafayette

College in the class of 1878, was admitted to the bar in 1880, after some

years' study under his father, and the two were associated in practice

until the death of the senior Fox. .\fter ])racticing alone for a time.

Edward J. Fox., Jr., in 1897. formed a partnership, which yet exists.

!•".. with his brother. James W.. tuider the firm name of J. & J. W. Fo.x.

The fn'm make a specialty of corporation law. and conduct a large and

important business. Mr. Fox was one of the organizers of tiie Easton

Trust Company, a director in the Warren Foundry and Machine Com-

pany, the Easton Gas and Electric Company and the East Bangor Slate

Company, and is counsel for these and other corporations. He was or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1019 nianicd in 1888 to Miss Cora L. Marsh, a daughter of William W.

Marsli, of Scho()Iev's Mountain, New Jersey, and a granddaughter of the late Governor Andrew 11. Reeder, of Easton. Mr. and Mrs. Fox were the parents of fdur children: Dorothy: Robinson, who died at the

l.otn's age of three years: Uodnian: and h'dward J., Jr. 5. Anna Wil- son. 6. James W., a s^raduate of Lafa\ette College, class of 1888, studied law witli his fatlier and limther. and was admitted to the bar in

1891. He is engaged in i)ractice w itli his brother, and was district attorney from 1895 tf> 1898. He married Mi.ss Leila B. Reeder, a daughter of the late Judge Howard J. Reeder, and of this marriage was born two sons, HaroKl .\rniilage I'Ox and James Reeder Fox.

THEODORE T.. SKIP. D. D.

.\n enumeration of llie men of i'ennsylvania who have conferred honor and dignity u])oii the state which has lionored them, would be incomplete were omission made of the Rew Theodore L. Seiji, D. D.

His life record fornrs ;m imporl.ant ch.apter in the history of educational develo])ment in the Lehigh \ alley, nor was his inlluence in this work restricted to his own state. It was far-reaching and beneficial, for not only was he one of the founders and promoters of Muhlenberg College, but he was also the originator of llie idea of i)ul)lic education that has become known to the covnilry through the term of university extension lectures. He was for lhirt)-six years connected with what became the leading Lutheran educational institution of the country, and for seventeen years was its president.

Dr. Theodore Lorenzo Seip was Ixirn in Easton, Pennsylvania, June

25, 1842, a son of Reuben L. and Sarah A. Seip. He was of Gemian lineage, representing a family that was founded in Northampton county. 1020 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY .-i.\'D GRNRALOGY

Pennsylvania, in the early part of the nineteenth century, .\niong his paternal ancestors were those who served in the i\e\dlutionai'y war and tiic war of 1S12. His maternal

When sixteen years of age. Dr. Sei]j liecame a student in Wcavers- ville Academy, then under the presidency of Professor 11. F. Savage, and while in that institution he took up the study of Latin and Greek.

Throughout his life his deep interest in the languages continued, and for many years he devoted his talents to teaching these studies. His education was continued in the i)reparatory department of the college at OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1021

Gettysburg, in wliicli lie matriculated in Octol^er, 1859, and in October,

i(S6o. he entered the freshman class of the college, l)eing graduated in

1^64. He mrule rapid adsance in his studies, although suffering at times

frcon ill hc.ilth, which on more than one occasion promised to terminate

fatally. ll(i\vc\cr, he recovered and was graduated witli honors. While

in college he became a member of the Phrenakosmian Literary Society

;uul a (ireek letter society. He was pursuing his studies at Gettysburg

when, in 1X^(3. General Lee in\a(led I'cnnsyhania and fought the memorable battle near the college town. Dr. Seip joined the college

company, and was mustered into the L'nited States service with Com-

])any .\, Twenty-third Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers. After

s])en(ling one night in Gamp C"urtin at I iarrislnu'g, he was detailed for duty at head(|u;;rtcrs with the staff of Major General D. X. Couch, then

in command of tlic nep.-irtnicnt of the Sus(|uehanna. with whom he served until the company was mustered i)ut after the arnn'es had recrossed the

Potomac river. He spent the s])ring vacation of 1864 in the service of the L'nited States Christian Commission in 'i'ennessee and Georgia, having charge of the ol'ticc and work of the commission in tlie hospitals in

Murfreesboro. He was afterward sent to the front with (icneral Sher- man, who was fighting his way to .\tlanta. and he terminated his services at Resaca, (ieorgia. wliere he administered alike to the wounded of both armies.

On the exjiiration of his term fif service with the l'nited States

Christian Commission. Dr. .Scip returned to Gettysburg io complete his college course. In the meantime he had planned to devote his life to the Christian ministry, and in October, 1864. entered the Evangelical

Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. He was present at the inauguration of the faculty and the opening of the seminary, being a member of the \w^\. class that received the full three vears' course in that 1022 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

institution. In tlie sprinjj of 1865. tliroiic;h tlic instrumentality of Rev.

Dr. Krautli, lie was appointed an agent of the L'nited States Sanitary

Commission, and was sent on a toiir of inspection of the work of stations

in the armies under General Grant on the James and Appomattox rivers

in Virginia. On the completion of that tour he returned to Lancaster county. Pennsyhania, where he deli\"crcd many pul)lic addresses concerning the work, and organized ladies' aid societies in all the towns and

villages to assist in furnishing supplies to sick and wounded. His work

in this connection was terminated with the surrender of General Lee.

He afterward completed his course in the Theological Seminary, and was graduated in June. iSr)3, heing ordained hy the Evangelical Lutheran

Ministerium of Pennsyhania and adjacent states at its meeting in Salem church. Lehanon. Pennsylvania, June 19, 1867.

Prior to this time. Dr. Scip had heen called to enter upon what Iie- came his real life work, that of college education. A plan had heen made

for the organization of Muhlenberg College by the gentlemen who had charge of the Allentown College Institute, and Dr. Seip was selected to aid in the instructions and discipline of the students of the latter school imtil its affairs could be closed with the end of the school tcriu. June 27,

1867. The call came to him unsolicited, and he entered upon his duties on the 25th of .April of that year. He was elected on the 21st of May ])rincipal of the academic department, and also provisional professor of Ger- man until a regular professor could be secured for Muhlenberg College,

which was to be opened in the following September. At the solicitation

of President Muhlenl)erg, and on the advice of the faculty of the Theo-

logical Seminary, he accepted the call, and declined the pastorate of St.

John's church at Quakertown, which had lieen offered him. He was

made assistant professor of Greek in the college, in addition to the prin-

cipalship of the academic department, and he also gave instruction in OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1023

English literature. During the absence of the regular professor he also taught classes in mathematics. He served as principal of the academic department of Muhlenberg College until June. 1872, when he was chosen to the chair of Latin languages and literature, and was also continued in the Greek department. He thus labored in the institution as a teacher until Fe!)ruary. 1876. A crisis in the history of the college was impending, and Dr. Seip at that time was called to enter other fields of activity. Tlie institution had become embarrassed financially, and the management realized the absolute necessity of furnishing immediate funds, else the suspension of the institution would follow. On the i8th of

January. 1876. the board of trustees elected Professor Seip to act as tinancial agent, relieving him temporarily from the duties of his professorship, lie enlcred upon hi? new work in February. 1870. and for almost a year ;ind a half discharged the duties of the position. His efforts proved the salvation of the school. About thirty-three thousand dollars were secured for endowment and current expenses through the labors of Professor Seip. who visited many homes and uidividuals in behalf of Muhlenberg, and also delivered many addresses to different congregations, soliciting funds to meet the necessary expenses relative to the conduct of the .school.

.\ftcr his return to the college, and following the retirement of Dr.

Mulilenlicrg from the presidency. Professor Seip was given charge of the classes in advanced Greek, and was also continued as Latin professor. iMcini 1877 until 1881), inclusive, he was professor of the Greek and Latin languages, and in the latter year he was chosen to the chair of Greek. It w.is due to his efforts that this chair was endowed by

Messrs. James K. Mosser and Thomas Keck, who gave twenty thousand dollars in money, which sum was subsec|uently increased to thirty thousand dollars. This endowment was accepted Iiy the lx>ard of trustees at 1024 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY a special meeting July 20, 1S30, wiicn Professor Seip was elected Mosser-

Kcck professor of the Greek laiif^uage and literature. lie also remained in charge of the advanced classes in Latin, and occupied the chair until

December, 1885. At the June meeting of the hoard of trustees in thai year, President Sadtler, the successor of Dr. Muhlenl)erg, had tendered his resignation, and on the 5th of November, 1885, Dr. Seip was elected to the presidency, entering upon the duties of that position on the ist of January, 1886. lie was inaugurated January 6, 1886, in St. John's

Evangelical Lutheran church, and entered upon the work with renewed energy, consecration and zeal. He had been a teacher in almost every department of the college, and thus brought to his new labors thorough and comprehensive as well as practical understanding of the work, its needs and its possibilities. "He watched with an eager scrutiny every

(v])portunity for the achancement and impro\enient of the institution over which he so ably and successfully presided. He surseyed the whole groimd. examined with the utmost care ;ind prccisirjn every point, .and when he was satisfied in his own mind that the way was clear to undertake or inaugurate any imi)ro\ement, he laid his ])lan. well ni.itured ;uid fortified at every point, before the committee or board. Honest, upright and conscienti()us in princi])le and ])urpose. he was a safe man. To. Dr.

Seip belongs the credit. al>ove all others, of the forward step that was taken at the meeting of the trustees in June of 1892, when three new professors were added to the faculty. He was also largely instrumental in making the quarter-centennial of Muhlenberg College such a grand success. It was one of his great ambitions to see the erection of more modern and better equipped buildings for the college, and he lived to see the commencement of that work. .\t the time of his death no other had been so long connected with the institution, and Muhlenberg College to- day largely stands as a monument to his life work." OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1025

As Dr. Seip lalKircI mi year after year, liis ideas and the work that he accomplished (hew to him the attention of the educational world, and various college degrees were conferred upon him, including that of

Doctor of Divinity received from the University of Pennsylvana in

1886. He was chosen as a memher of varous associations tending to advance the interests of education, including the American Institute of

Christian Philosophy, the American Society of Church History, the

American Society for the Extension of University Teaching, the Society of Science, Letters and Arts of London. England, and other bodies whose membership was composed of the scholarly men of the world. Not long after he assumed tlic jiresidency of Muhlenberg College, he tcxik steps to l)ring the institution into closer relations with other colleges and uni versities of tlie country, and he was largely instrumental in founding the College Association of Pennsylvania in 1887. which has grown to include the middle states and ^Liryland. He was the first chairman of its executive committee, and was continued in the office until he declined re-election. He was the vice president and presided in the absence of the president at the meeting in the University of Pennsylvania in 1889. and he was chosen to read the "History of the Organization of the Col- lege Association of Pennsylvania." He was also appointed to prepare and read a jiajicr at its meeting in Princeton College on the "Taxation of College Pro])erty." an ethical treatment of the subject. Following iiis inauguration as president of Muhlenberg College, he inaugurated a movement to hold an animal course of free lectures in the college chapel open to the public, liuis formally doing work for the community which has since been attracting attention elsewhere under the name of the L^niversity Extension work. These lectures have been given every year since by men eminent in their specialties, who as friends of the college have contributed their services gratuitously. 1026 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

Dr. Seip was not only a teacher. I)ut an orator. As an aullmr lie liecanie widely kiimvn in church and educatinnal circles, many of his addresses having hecn printed, including- those on "iMJucation." "A

Sketch nf Muhlcnherg College," haccalaureatc sernnins and refurnia- tion addresses, etc. He possessed the happy faculty of expressing his thoughts in a clear and fnrcihle manner, having a natural and easy stvle, an elegant and copious diction, ruid a unique and lucid construction, and the productions of his ])en were always re:\d with pleasure and prollt.

Although he never accepted a ])astoratc. Dr. Seip hccame well known as a preacher, frequentl)' filling various pulpits. His sermons were prepared with the same care and ]M'ecision that marked his prejiaration for the work of the class room. He was logical in his reasonino, a deej) thinker, and clear and forceful in his presentation of any suhjcct. He appealed to the intellect as well as to the heart of the ])co])le, and he preached Christ rather than dogmas. He was, howexer, a I'irm hclievcr in the doctrines i^f his denomination, and for a ninnhcr of vears served as a member of the examining committee hy a])pointment of the synod.

He was, because of his knowledge of Creek, the examiner in (ireek exegesis from i8S6 until his death. During the s.ame time he was a member of the executive comnn'ttce of the synod, and he was also elected for a number of years by the ministerium of Pennsylvania as a delegate to the general council, and never failed to attend its meetings. He was usually chosen the presiding (jfficer of the second district conference of the Pennsyh'ania synod, and presided with dignity and grace, his decisions l)eing fair and just. In the city in which he made his home, he was honored and esteemed as few men ha\e l)een, and as occasion offered he was called upon to deli\er ])ul)lic addresses, among the more notable of which was that deli\ercd in memory of President Garfield. or THE STATE OE PENNSYLVANIA. 1027

He was made a cliairnian of the committee on resolutions on that occa- siDH, and in i(S85, at a public meeting of the citizens of Allentovvn, called

to take action on tlie deatli of General Grant, he presided over the meet-

ing hy invitation of his fellow citizens, and delivered an address on the

"Life and Death of (icnera! (irant." wliich was afterward published by

request.

Dr. Sei]) was twice married. lie first wedded Emma Elizabeth

Shimer. nf r>alli. IVnusyhania. wiio was confirmed in the same class

tliat made her Inishand a meml>er of the church. She died in 1873, and

in 1877 Dr. Sei]) married Miss Rebecca Keck, of Allentown. His four

cliildrcn were born of the first marriage—Howard Shimer Seip. A. M.,

D. D. S.. of Allentown: Rev. h'rank Muhlenberg Seip, .V. M., who died

in 1898: .\iniic I'lli/.abetli Seip; and Theodore Lorenzo Seip. who died

in infancy, in 187^ llie home life of Dr. Seip was ideal, and he held

friendship inviolable. His courteous, cultured manner, combined witlv

the kindliness of his disposition, won him not only the esteem but also

the love of pui)ils and associates, and Muhlenberg College will long bear

the impress of his individuality. Its growth and development he made

his life work. .\t limes he received tempting offers from other institu-

tions, but these he always tleclined. His ambition was not for personal

honor or .<;ain. but for the growth and extension of the influence of the

school, with which be became identified at its organization, and with

wliicb be continued until his death. He championetl the highest Chris-

ti.'ui education, and with such success that his name came to be held in

high honor while he lived, and his untimely death was regarded with a

sorrow which was at once general and sincere. 1028 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

HON. ALKX. MURDfXII.

AiiiDiii; llic Scotcli cmit;ratiiin to tlic chIoun- ol' l'cnns\l\ania wlioii

it still |)ai

nil a farm near Carlisle. The exact dale of his arrival is not gi\en, Init

it was some years before the opening of the Revolntionary war and

probably as far back as 1760. In 1778, while the gre;it strnggle for

indc[)cndcnce was in progress, he came to Washington connty and

located on land in North Strabane tcjwnship. With him came his third

son. Alexander Murdoch, at that time a lad of eight years, as bis

birth had occurred at the homestead near Carlisle, in 1770. WHicn

he reached manhood Alexander purchased the Canonsburg mills, to-

gether with a large tract of land adjoining them, and eventually l)ecame

a business man of importance in thm jjioncer community. In those days

the only large market for the products of the west was found at

New Orleans, and tiie only outlet thereto was down the great river by

the crude methods of navigation prevailing before the advent of the

steamboat. It was a tedious as well as dangerous process, nor were the

dangers over when the tlatboats as well as their loads had been disposed of on the wharves of New Orleans. It was customary to return o\'erland, a horseliack ride or walk of many lunulrcd miles through an

unbroken wildci'ness infested with robbers. .\ trip of this kind was the e\ent of a lifetime in those primitive times and furnished food for endless stories around the hresides in the lonely cabins of the picjnecrs.

Alexander Murdoch was engaged in this traffic long before Fulton's great invention relegated keelboats to the past and revolutionized the commerce of the world. On one occasion it is related he loaded two large flatboats with flour and saddlery from his mills at Canonsburg and pushed vigorously out into the stream f(jr the long and perilous OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1029

tlnat t(i the metropolis near the mouth of tlie Mississippi. The journey was made in safety, the produce and manufactures disixjsed of to advantage, and tlie adventurous young merchant succeeded in getting home safely despite the pirates who lay in wait for the returning flat- hoatmen and the perils of the wilderness which then stretched in an unbroken mass from I^ouisiana to Pennsylvania. In 1809, having received an appointment from the governor as prothonotary of the court of common ])leas of Washington county, he sold his property at Can- onshurg and remo\ed for residence to the county seat. He served as prothonotary until 1S19, hut continued to reside at Washington until

iSjS. during which time he was engaged in mercantile enterprises. In

iSjj he erected on the corner (jf Main street and Pine .Alley, a brick house, which was long one of the landmarks of the town and is now^ a

part ><\ the 1 Intel Main, .\fter leaving the county seat in the year above mentioned he jiurchased four huntlred acres of land known as the Mor- ganza tract, situated tun miles from Canonsburg, where he lived until his death, in 1836. In 1S03 he had married Elizaljeth. daughter of

Rev. Matthew Henderson, who survived her husl)and twenty-seven years and was laid to rest in March, 1863, at Canonsburg. at the age of eighty-three years. Mary M., the eldest daughter, married Hon.

long and occupied J. L. Gow, of Washington, now deceased, and owned

the home erected by her father in 1822 and now the site of the Hallam

block. Other daughters are Mrs. Sarah B. Musser, of Nelsonville.

Ohio; Mrs. E. W. Wilson, of Moberly, Missouri: and .\nna. who is also

a resident of the last mentioned place.

.\lcxander Murdoch, the well-known lawyer ami I'nited State."^

marshal, was the seventh of the eleven children born to his parents.

He studied law and after admission to the bar practiced chiefly in

partnership with his brother-in-law, the late J. L. Gow. In April, 1861, 1030 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lie i"ccci\c

marshal f^r tlie western district ut I'enns\l\ania and was re-commis-

sioned in April. 1865, serving in all eight years. In Marcii. 18(^)9. he was

reap]X)inted by President Grant to the same position, and discharged

its duties until his resignation in December. 187:^. .\t ])resent Mr.

Murdoch is residing in comparative (|uiet at Washington. Pennsylvania.

where he holds the position of president of the iMrst National Bank of

that city. His son, John II. Murdoch, has succeeded his father at the

bar of Washington and is pr(i\ing himself to he a worthy representatix'e

of his long line of notable ancestors. Two grandsons. Edgar R. Mur-

doch and .\lexander M. Templeton. are also among the bright legal

lights practicing in the courts of Washington county, with a success

that fullv sustains the credit of the family.

LEMUEL OLIVER FOOSE.

Lemuel Oliver Foose. city superintendent of the public schools of

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the oldest son of James and Catharine

(Boyer) Foose. was Ixirn January 16. 1838. in Juniata county. Pennsyl-

vania. In 1840 his i»rents removed to the vicinity of Markelville,

Perry county, Pennsylvania. He obtained his education in the public

schools near his home, at the Markelville Academy and at Pennsylvania

College. Gettysburg. Pennsylvania. The latter institution conferred the degree of M. A. on him in 1878.

.Xfter leaving school he devoted himself to the |)rofession of teach-

ing. Me was principal of the academy at Aaronsburg. Center county.

Pennsylvania, from 1864 to 1865. was superintendent of the public

schools of Lima, Ohio, from 1865 to 1867, and also of the schools of

Miamisburg, Ohio, from 1867 to 1869. In 1869 he became principal of gL ^-v-^jL C , Cr

OF THE STATE OF PEKNSYLVAMA. 1033

tlie Iwjys' high sch(xjl of Hanisl)urg. Pennsylvania. This ]K)sition he licld until 1879. when lie was elected city superintendent of the schools of llarrisburg. He still ( 1904) continues to act in this capacity. Dur- ing his administration the schools of the cit\' have been advanced to a high degree of perfection.

He inaugurated many innovations and improvements in the organization and administration of the schools. During his time of service thc\ ha\e been entirelx reconstructed, many tine new buildings have Ijeen erected, new courses of study have i)een introduced, special departments for instruction in business, art and natural sciences have been organized, and the general work of the schools has been made to keq) pace w ith the progress of the times. In 1889 he Ijecame one of the founders of the llarrisburg Public Library. He was elected the first secretary of its lK)ard of trustees and still continues to act in this capacity. For years he has beeri identified with Sunday-school and Bible work of the city of Harrisburg and the county of Dauphin, and during that time has held official positions in the various organizations for carrying on this work.

In 1868 he married Miss Eleanor Elizabeth Kulin. daughter of Rev.

Samuel and Eleanor (Cunningham) Kuhn. of Hummelstown. Pennsyl- vania. The children of this union are: Alljert Eliot. Charles James.

Eleanor Irene, b'rank Clare and Jessie Florence.

REV. ROBERT B. VOUNGMAN. A. M.. Pii. D.

riie Rev. Rol)crt Barbber Youngman. of Easton, Pennsylvania. clergyman and educator, was lx>rn in Danville, Pennsylvania. Noveinber

18. 1836, son of George Norgle and Keziah (Chambers) Youngman.

The Youngman family is of German origin, and the American pro-

60 1034 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

gcnitor was ••"lias \'

(lied April u, 1817. He was tlie pioiirietor of ^'(^llngnlall's Tnwii, now

Mililiiihurg, Pennsylvania, llis son. Colonel Thomas Younginan, was

ihe father of four children: I lannali, whn married Cicorge Lehman:

Catherine, wlm married a Mr. W itliinytnn : .\melia. and (jeorge Xorgle Yoinigman.

George Norgle Youngman was horn May 10, 1804. and died January

13, 1881. He was educated in the common schools, and on arriving at manhdud engaged in a mercantile husiness which he conducted during the remainder of his life, in Danville. PennsyKania. He was a man nf excellent character and exerted a strong inllucnce in the neighhorhood. h'cir many years he occupied the ]iosition of justice of the peace at Mif- llinhmg. He was married. Decemher 31. 1S35. to Keziah, daughter of

Benjamin and Sarah Bond (Barhber) Chambers, llcr father was horn in Cumberland county. Pennsylvania, May 8. 1773. a son of Robert

Chambers, a native of Ireland, who came to .\merica shortly before the breaking out of the Revolutionary war. He recruited a comi)any of infantry for the continental service, was elected to its captaincy, and marched to Boston. His son Roliert also entered the patriot army shortly before the close of the war.

Cicorge Xorgle and Keziah (Chambers) ^'oungman were the parents of five children: i. Roliert Barbber. to be further written of below. 2.

John, who during the Civil war performed honorable service as major of the Fifty-first Regiment Pennsylvania \'olunteers: he was a banker, and in 1892 removed to Kansas, where he followed his occupation until

his death. July 2, 1901 : he was married December 16, 1869, to Harnah

Jane Grear, of Danville. Pennsylvania. 3. Benjamin, born March 9.

1840, who is a teacher in Clearfield, Pennsylvania: he was married in

August. 1874. to Mary Delle Bunting. 4. Sarah Amelia, Ikihi June 23. O/- THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1035

1842. hecame the wife of Benjamin F. Harvey, and died March 14.

1900. 5. Tliomas W. Ijorn July 28. 1849. Ijecame a physician and died

June 6. 1903. The mother of these children died January 13, 1903.

Robert Barbber, eldest son of George Xorgle and Keziah (Cham- l)ers) Youngman, received his preparatory education in t!ie schools of his native village. ])repared for college at Mifflinburg Acadeiry, and completed his education at Lafayette College, from which he was grad-

•i.-'tcd in i860, and was valedictorian. He was at once made clerk of the faculty, a position which he has iield to the present day. his- service having covered the long period of lorty-tinee years. At the same time (in i860) he began his connection with the instructional corps, which h:is likewise been extended uninterruptedly to the present. He served as a tutor until 1863. when he was made adjunct pnjfessor of I^atin and

Greek. After five years' labor in this capacity, he was (in 1868) appointed professor of the Greek language and literature, and he has been the instructor in this department from that day. It would be difficult to bound the usefulness of Professor Youngman during this long period, but it has been the privilege of the writer of these pages, during the past one-third of a century, to meet large nuniljers of divines, professional men. litteiateurs and men of affairs, who hokl him in grateful and atifectionate regard for the excellent instruction which he afforded them, and for his kindly personal interest.

While Professor Youngman is known throughout the United

States as an educator, he is also well known throughout Pennsylvania as a clergyman. He studied theology under the private tutorship of

the late l\e\ . Joini (jray, D. D., of Easton. He was made a licentiate

April 20, 1864. by the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia, and was ordained January 6. 1874, at .\llentown, by the Presbytery of Lehigh.

Mr. Youngman was married. April 18. 186(1, to Miss Catherine 1036 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

S. Opdycke, a dauglitcr of Julm and Marllia ( Patterson) Opdycke. She

died I)eceml)er 9, i8yi, haxinsj; l)iirne lier husband three cliildren : Alice

Gra\'. Ixirn April \2, 1869, now the wile nf Professor 1". A. March,

Jr.; luhel, horn Decenilxir 9. 1875; and Kate Ikuhher. horn June jo,

1879.

REV. C. J. COOPER, D. D.

Rev. C. J. Cooper, to whom Muhlenberg College is deeply indebted for its substantial development and the e.xcellent financial basis ui)on which it now rests, belongs to one of the oldest families of the Lehigh

Valley.

William C(K)per, of Dillenburg in the duchy of Nassau, Germany, was Ixini Autjust 24, 1722. and his wife Gertrude was born September

12, 1724. They came to .\merica in the latter part of the eighteenth century, and. spending their last days in Lehigh county, their remains were interred in the burying ground surrounding St. Paul's church. at L'pper Sau,con. Their son Daniel preceded them, however, to the new world, coming about 1770. He was born in Dillenburg, in the duchy of Nassau, March 31. 1752. and on crossing the Atlantic settled at Goshenhoppen. Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. On the 3d of

November. 1775. he married Elizabeth Gery, a daughter of Jacob Gery, of Goshenhoppen. Daniel and Elizabeth Cooper became the parents

of ten children : Jacob, John, Peter. William, Charles, Daniel, Cath- erine, Elizabeth and two who died in infancy.

Of this family Jacob removed to Philadelphia, where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits. He was married twice, and b\ his first wife had a son Daniel, who Ijecame a physician and practiced his profession in Jonestown, Lebanon county, Pennsylvania. His second wife OP THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1037

was in licr niaiilcnliood Miss Fink. I)ut at the time of her marriage to

Jacob Cooj)cr she was Mrs. Owen, a widow. They had one son, Jacdj.

_[acob CoojMjr, Sr., havinsj occasion to go to New Orleans, was taken ill on tlie ficean with yellow fever, died and was Iniried at sea. Jf)hn

Cooper, the second son of Daniel Cooper, died in 1847, leaving a daughter, Fayette, who was married to Elias Nitraner. Peter Cooper, another son of the family, was Imrn December 26. 1790, married Susan

Ihicliecker and dicil May 19, 1837, leaving four children. He was the founder of Coopersburg, Lehigh county, and served as deputy surveyor general of Pennsylvania. Of his children, Martin is still li\ing in Coopersburg, and has passed the eightieth milestone on life's journey. Charles W. became the first county superintendent of the pul>lic schools of Lehigh county, and was cashier and president of the

.\llenlown National Bank. He left a son, Harry, who resides in .Mien- town. Dr. Thomas B. Cooper, a physician, Ijecame prominent in public affairs, represented his district in Congress and died in 1862. His son, Tilghman S., resides at the old homestead in Coopersburg, and is a leading breeder and importer of cattle. Anna Matilda Cooper liecame the wife of Dr. h^red Martin, and dietl in Bethlehem, leaving two daughters, who are residents of Philadelphia. William Cooper, son of Daniel

Cooper, the founder of the family, removed to Schuylkill county. Daniel

Cooper married Sarah Ott, and died in April, 1864, leaving several children. Charles ilied in childhood. Catherine Cooiier became the wife of J.icob Sc'ider and is the grandmother of Mrs. I'.dwin Kline, of .Mlentown. Pennsylvania. Elizaljeth Cooper married .Mir.iham Sli- fer, and removed to Moiutown. Peiui.sylvania, where she died in 1867.

Jacob Cooper, father of Rev. C. J. Cooper, was Ixirn in L'pper

Saucon, Lehigh county. He received a very limited education, but was trained to active labor, learning the tanner's trade, which he fol- 1038 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

lowed tor many years. He became a member of tlie Cicrman Reformed churcli in early manhcKjd. luit afterward united witli the luansjelical l.ntlieran chtncli. Tn politics he was a stanch Democrat, and for many years he resided in Coopersburg. where he took an acti\e and helpful interest in many mo\ements for the general good. His death occurred in .Mlentown. His wife. Mrs. Sarah Ann Co()])er. was a daughter of

L'jiper Saucon, Penns_\l\ania. She traced her ancestry back to the founder of the famil_\- in .\merica. who came from Wtnlcmbcrg, ("icr- nian\-, alxnit 1730. His son, Daniel Horlocker, was the father of John

Horlocker, who wedded Mary Elizabeth Schaeffer, and one of their children was John Horlocker. the father of Mrs. Coo])er. Jacob Cooper and Sarah .\nn Horlocker were married in June. 1827.

Dr. C. J. Cooper was born in Upper Saucon township. Eebigh count}-, near Lanark. I'ennsyhania. .\])ril 1. 1847. In 1850 bis ])arents removed to the vicinity of Coopersburg, and, entering public schools of that locality, be began his education, which he continued in the Xew

.Mlentown Academy, the Bucks County Normal and Classical Institute at Ouakertown. Pennsylvania, and in the Allentown Seminary in Muh- lenberg College. On leaving the last named institution be matriculated in the so])bomore class at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, in 1864, and was graduated in 1867. The same year be entered the Lutheran

Theological Seminary of Philadelphia, and comjileted his course of study there by graduation in 1870. He was then ordained by the Luth- eran Ministerium of Pennsylvania in Pottsville and was elected pastor of St. Peter's Society at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, where he received a salary of three hundred dollars per year. Subsequently Freemansburg and Lower Saucon were connected with this ]iarish. Dr. Cooper ministered to the three congregations until i88j, when lie resigned the or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1039

wDrk at Lower Saucon. and in iRSfi he resigned as pastor of tlie cluirch at Sontli Betlileliem and Freemanshnrg, in order to accept the jxisition

(if trcasnrer and financial agent of Mnblcnherg College. lie huilt new churclK's in the three places named, and promoted a work nf far-reaching inipmiancc. He was secretary of the second conference district synod, secretary of the .synod, and li.'is been a trustee of Miililenl)erg

College since 1876. He was also a delegate to the general council of the Kvruigclical Lutheran church of North America, has lieen a member of its beard of publication since 1901. ;ni(l is a meml)er of the Peiin- syKania (itrinan Society. His work in behalf of Muhlenberg Col- lege entitles him to the gratitude of all of his denomination who have interest in Christian education. He accepted his position when the financial foundation of the school was very insecure. There was a debt of seventy-five thousand dollars resting upon the institution, and through the untiring and effective efforts of Dr. Cooper this was reduced to ihirt\'-two thousand ti\e hundred. He was also instrumental in increasing the endowment from one hundred and twenty-five thousand to one hun(h"cd and sixty-six thousand dollars, and in doubling the number of students. His efforts also resulted in the improvement of the libr.ary and the apjiruatus of the school, and he was the chief in- stigator and prime nioxer in the effort to raise two hundred thousand dollars for the jjurchase of new grounds and the erection of new buildings west of .\llcntown. This ])roject has every promise of success, fifty-five acres of ground having been purchased, while at tlie present there is a building one hundred and ninety by sixtj'-five feet, and a dormitory one hundred .and eighty-three by forty feet, now in course of erection. In his wdrk in behalf of clnu'ch and college he has ever looked beyon

future, laboring not only for the present but also for the later dexelop- 104(1 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

merit of tlie school, and I>ringing to liis work the zeal and consecration of a strong nature that fails not in the accomplishment of its |)urpnse.

On the -jth of October, 1870. Dr. Cooper was married, in Phila- delphia, to Kmma S. Knaiise, \vho was horn in Locust Valley, Lehigh county, and in her childhood days removed tn Philadelphia, where she was educated in the ]>ul)lic schools. Pier j^arents were George and Caro- line (Jacohy) Knause, the former a merchant of Philadelphia. To Dr. and Mrs. Cooper have been l)orn eight children. William Henry, horn

July 6, 1 87 1, in South Bethlehem, is an alumnus of Muhlenl)erg Col- lege. 1891, and of ILahnemann Medical College of Philadel])liia. 1894. lie was interne in the Homeopathic Hos]Dital of Pittslnu-g. and is now a practicing physicirui at Oakmont. .Mleghcny county. Pennsyhania. lie married Harriet P)ettis, of Titusxille, Pennsyhrniia. I'rcdcrick Lu- genc. born October 16, 1876. in South Bethlehem, was graduated from

Muhlenberg College in 1896. and the Lutheran Theological .Seminary at Mount .\iry, Pennsylvania, in 1899. He is now pastor of St. Mark's church, at South Bethlehem. He married Ro.sa M. Richards, of Allen- tiiwn. Pennsylvania. Caroline Jacoby, lK~>rn .\ugust 3, 1878, is a graduate of the high schools of Allentown, and is now cashier and l)ook- keeper for E. Keller & Sons, jewelers of Allentown. I'.nima Malinda.

Iwirn March 6, 1880, in South Bethlehem, is a graduate of the high school of Allentown, and is now teaching in the jiublic schools there.

Sarah .Mice, born May 9. 1883, in South Bethlehem, is a graduate of the .Allentown high school, and is at home. Anna Reljecca, Ixarn De- ceml)er 19, 1886, in Muhlenberg College, is a student in the high school at .Allentown. Two f)thcr children. Charles Jacob .-uid Mary Catherine, died in childhood. OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1041

GENERAL ERAXK REEDER.

Tlic ]ienning of the narrative wliicli follows comes to the writer as a pleasant task, for he was a comrade-in-arms with deneral Erank

Reeder in the Civil war ojierations on the Mississippi river, and was also intimately ac(|uainte(l with the history of the illustrious sire of

General Reeder, Governor Andrew II. Reeder.

The Reeder familv was of early appearance in America, and was planted by John Reeder. who came from Enijland jjrcvious to 1^)36 and settled in Springfield. Massachusetts, in 1636, and at Xewtown,

Long Island, in 165J. Tlis son. John, located in Ewing, Xew Jersey,

and married I lannah, daughter of Jeremiah P>urroughs. Tiieir son

Isaac purchased a farm u])on which he lived, and which is yet in the

possession of his descendants. By his second marriage, with Joanna

Hunt. Isaac Reeder became the father of John, who married Tlannah

Marchand. whose family name afterwards appears as Mershon. Of

the latter mairiage was horn Absalom Reeder. who made his home in

Easton. rcnnsylvania. where (October 16. I7

tiana Smith. ;md they became the parents of Governor Andrew II.

Reeder. wlm bnre so mighty a part in the preservation of Kansas to

freedom.

Andrew Horatio Reeder was lK)rn at Easton. Pennsylvania. July

12. 1807. beginning his education in the iiublic schools of his native

l)lace, he gr.iduatcd with honor from the Lawrenceville (New Jersey)

Acadcmv. lie read law under the preceptorship of Hon. Peter Thrie,

a distiuguislud attorney of Easton. and on attaining his majority was

admillcd ti> the bar of Xorthampton county. Penns_\l\ania. He took

high rank in his profession and was for some years associated in prac- 1042 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

tice witli llcnry Green (afterwards cliicf justice of Pennsylvania) in

the law Ihni nf Recder i\: (Ireen.

(iovcrnnr Reeder's fame. Imwever, rests npnn his splendid services in l.chalf oi free soil and free speech in the cruci.il days preceding the Civil war. iMoni his early days a Democrat of the fcffersonian school, he took a deep interest in political affairs, and his masterly oratory. soon hroui^dit him into favorable notice. In 1S54 President Pierce appointed him the hrst i^inernor of the territory of Kansas, and he at once sprang' into world-wide notice. The contlict for the jiossession of

Kans.'is between the two conihctiny classes of emiLjrants. the free-soilers from the east and the slaverv extensionists from the south, is a thrillini^ chapter in itself. There is only s])ace here to eijitonii/.e the part taken l)y Governor i\eeder. .\t the fir.st election, the free-soilers were driven from the polls by the i>ro-slaverites. who went throut^h the farce of electini;' a legislatin-e. .\ demand was made u])on (io\ernor Reeder to sit;n the certificate

.so to do. he was informed; "We will gi\e yon fifteen minutes to sign, resign, resign or he hanged." His stern integritx' and unllinching courage was shown in his instant reply: "Gentlemen. I need no fifteen

minutes. .Mv mmd is ni;ide up. I shall hang." His lx)ldness saved him for the time. Soon afterwards, came a congressional committee of investigation, to whom G<)v<;rnor Reeder fearlessly ex])osed the acts and plans of the border-ruflians. The president removed Gov- ernor Reeder. api)ointing in his stead ex-Go\'ernor Shannon, of C^hio. who at f)nce avowed himself an ally of the slavery party. Thereupon the free-soilers protested against Whitfield, fraudulently elected as a delegate in congress, and elected Reeder. This wdiild necessitate a contest before that body, to determine between the two. and the Ixjrder- ruffians determined to solve the difficulty liy putting Reeder out of or THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1043

tlie way. He evaded an armed regiment of the miscreants, and made liis way by night to Kansas Cit\-, where friends concealed liim for two weeks, feeding Iiim secretly, while his enemies picketed every road and guarded the steamboat landing in order to effect his capture. Finally,

in the disguise of an Irish laborer, he made his way to a point down river where, by pre-arrangement. he was taken al)oar

ultimately reached Alton. ' Illinois. On his way home he stopped in

Chicago. Detroit and other cities, in each of which he made el(X|uent appeals to the lovers of freedom, who. in response, flocked to Kansas l)v thousands, as actual Imnie-makers. and who. at the first fair election, adopted a free-state constitution and created a free state, .\mong those

who were thus influenced h\ Governor Reeder were many Philadelphia and Chester county people, among them Colonel Kersey Coates. Col-

onel Coates became one of those who made of Kansas City. Missouri,

a great mercantile center, and he placed in his palatial hotel there, the

Coates House, in tribute to his friend, a splendid oil ])ortrait of Gov-

ernor Reeder. froiu a photograph made after his reaching Chicago,

representing him in a hickory shirt, blue overalls, heavy brogans and

slouch hat. with jiick and a.xe. and smoking a short clay ])ipe—the dis-

guise in which he had made his escape.

.\t I'.aston. (Governor Reeder resumed the practice of law. and con-

tinued therein until his

Republican con\enti

was third in the list ot candidates for the vice presidential nomination.

At the outbreak of the Civil war President Lincoln tendered him a

commission as brigadier general, but he declined, feeling his inability

to undergo the rigors of campaigning. He was married. Septemlier 13.

I S3 1, to Miss Fredericka .\mclia Hutter, a daughter of Colonel Giris-

tian Jacob llutter. She was a woman of as marked character as him- 1044 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

self, and with Spartan courage endured lier mental anguisli while her husband was imperiled in Kansas. During the Civil war ])CTi(i(l she lalxired incessantly and efficiently as president of the liastnn S;uiitary

Aid Society. She was the mother of five children:

I. Ida Titus, born May 27, 1837, became the wife of William Wal- lace Marsh, a lawyer of Schooley's Mountain. Xew Jersey. 2. (icorge

Marchand Reeder, born October 26, 1839, during the Civil war was captain in the First Regiment Kansas Infantry Volunteers, was aftcr^ wards editor and publisher of the Easton Daily E.vprcss. and died De- cember 12. 1884. 3. Emma I hitter, hivn March 25. 1841, and died

Max 12. ICX63, married (May 14. 1861) J. Charles I"crrida\-. of Con- cordia Parish, Louisiana. 4. Howard James Reeder, l)orn Decem- ber 11. 1843, graduated from Princeton College in 1863. and subse- cjuently from the Harxard Law School. During the Civil war he was a lieutenant in the hirst Regiment United States Infantry, and captain in the One Hundred and Fift_\-third Regiment. Pennsylvania Volun- teers. He was judge of the court of common ])leas. third judicial district of Pennsylvania, in 1881. 1882 and from 1884 to 1894. and judge of the superior court of Pennsylvania from 1895 until his death. De- ceml>er 28, 1898. He was married May 26, 1867, to Helen I'urke. of

Easton.

5. Frank Reeder. youngest son of Governf>r Andrew H. and Fred- ericka ( flutter) Reeder, was brirn in Easton. May 22, 1845. He was

educated in the Lawrenceville ( Xew Jersey) Academy, the Edgehill

School at Princeton, New Jersey, and at Princeton College, which he entered in 1860 in the sophomore class. In 1862. at the age of seventeen years, he patriotically responded to Lincoln's call for troops and enlisted as a private in the Fifth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers.

In October of the same year he re-enlisted in the One Hundred and 01' THE STATE OE PENNSYLVANIA. lo45

Seventy-fourth Regiment. Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was soon promoted to the rank of first lieutenant and adjutant, and subsequently served as acting assistant adjutant general to General Peck and Gen- eral Vogdes, and participated with the Tenth and Eighteenth Army

Corps in the campaigns in eastern Virginia and North Carolina, and in the oi)erations against Charleston, South Carolina. On the expiration of his term of service he recruited a company for the Nineteenth

Regiment. Pemisylvania Cavalry, of which he was commissioned captain, in Octol)er, 1863. During a portion of his service he served as judge advocate on the stafif of General Grierson, and as acting assistant adjutant general of the seventh Division. Wilson's Cavalry Corps. lie parlici])alc(! in tunnerous stirring campaigns and noted battles, and with conspicuous gallantry. His command acted in the operations in the \icinity of V'icksburg. Mississippi, and tlien nio\ed west of the

Mississipjji ri\cr. where it fought the arinv of General Sterling Price at Marion, Greenstoro, Pilot Knob, Osage and Big Blue River. It followed the rebel General Hood into Tennessee, and made repeated charges upon his llank while he was reaching toward Nashville and in the desperate two days' battle at that place, in which General Hood's army was hopelessly disorganized. Captain Reeder had three horses sJiot under iiini. In the battle of Hollow Tree Gaj), near Franklin, he was wounded. For his gallant conduct in these affairs he was brevetted major and lieutenant colonel by authority of the secretary of war, his commissions bearing the presidential signature. January 26, iSfj^, he was relieved from staff duty, having been commissioned lieutenant C()Ii>nel, anil by virtue of his rank he assimied command of his regiment. In February. 1863, he embarked his regiment at Eastport,

Tennessee, and participated in the siege of Mobile, .\fter the surrender of General Dick Taylor, he was ordered to the Red river to operate lu-ifi COMPENDIUM Ul- HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

against General Kirby Snnlli. iMillowing tlie surrender of die Con- federate forces in Texas, the Civil war now lieini;- ended. Colonel keeder was stationed on the line of tlie Rio (irande with the army of observation placed there to aid in the defeat of the Frcncli jjurpose to establish in Mexico a monarchy under Maxinn'lian. This crisis was soon passed, and Colonel keeder bronjiht his regiment to I'hiladelphia. * where it was mustered out of service, June 13, 1866.

With this brilliant mililarv- record, and being risen frnm the r;mks to the command of a regiment. Colonel keeder was now but a month lieyond the legal age of manhood. To complete his military record, although out of chronological sc(|uence. it may be here noted that his soldierly qualities led to his apnointment. in 1874. as brigadier general in the Pennsylvania National Guard, and he was assigned to the command of the Fifth Brigade. Second Division. In 1S77 he iicrformcd excellent service in f|uelling the riots in Rending, anrl he was singularly efficient at Harrisburg in the following year.

On his return to civil life at the close of the rebellion. General keeder entered uixm the study of law at Albany. New York. He was admitted to the liar in 1868, and was engaged in bis profession in New

'N'ork city until 1869. when he returned to Easton and liecame law partner of his brother. Hon. Howard J. keeder. and has since been

Inisily occupied in his profession, in which be has gained an honorable distinction. He has been called to various important ])ositions. and w-as secretary of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania from 1895 to 1898, a member of General Hasting's cabinet from 1895 to 1897, a delegate at large to the American national kepublican convention in 1896. chairman of the kepublican state committee during the years 1899- 1900-

190 1, and in 1900 was appointed a commissioner of banking, resign- or Tim STATE OP PENNSYLVAMA. 1047

ing fnmi tluil ixisition in May, 1903. A Republican in politics, he is an acknowledycil leader in party affairs and wields a potent influence.

fieneral Recder was married, at Boston, Massachusetts. Oct<,»lK;r

21, 1868, to Miss Grace V.. Thompson, a native of that city, Ijorn June

17. 1848. Three children !ia\e heen In^rn to this union: Andrew l\(y-

ratio. horn September 9. 1869, a graduate of Lafayette College, class of 1890, for several years was engaged in civil engineering in West

Virginia, but is now employed in the fuel and mine department of the

Canadian I'acilic Railnjad in British Columbia: lie married Esther

Eckard, a d.iughtcr of Dr. Leighton Eckard. and they are the parents

of Uvo children —Andrew II. and Elizabeth Bayard Reeder. I'rank

born May 4. 1880. graduated from Lafayette College in the class of

1901. Douglass Wynian. born .\ugust 25. 1883. is a student in La-

fayette College, class of 1905.

J.\MI-:S W. MOORE, M. D.

Dr. James W. Moore, of Easton, Pennsylvania, is the seventh in

line of descent from the Re\'. lohn Moore, a native of England, whose

birth occurred between the years 1620 and i'')25. Subsequently he was

a resident of Southam])ton. Hempstead and Xewton. Long Island.

May 30. 1644. he was a representative in the matter of the union of

Southam])l(in with the colony of Hartford: in Octoljer. 1644, was ap-

pointed to collect subscriptions for students at Harvard College, of which

he was prob.nbly a graduate, and also served as deputy for Southampton

to negotiate a imion with the New England colonies: in 1646 he attended

a meeting of the general court of Massachusetts, and acted on a com-

mittee; between the years \(k\U and 1649 was |)crmitted to preach in

New England; IMarcli 9, 1649, became a full freeman; from 1649 1048 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

to 1631 was the second minister of Hempstead: September 25, 1^)51.

he writes a letter to tlie magistrates in Holland from Hempstead: in

1652 was the first minister of Middleburg, afterward Xcwton. Long

Island: April 12, 1656, transacted the Indian i)urchase. the purchase

money being £2: and on January 22, 1657. was presented with the title

to the town house by the inhabitants of Newton in a public meeting.

He married Margaret Howell, who was baptized in England in 1622.

daughter of Edward Howell, one of the original "Undertakers" who

settled Southhampton. Long Island. Edward Howell was lx)rn in

Marsh Gibbon. Buckinghamshire. England, in 1600. He came to

America in 1639. was made freeman of Boston that year, removed

to Lynn, where he had a grant of fi\c luindrcd acres, was a magistrate

from 1640 to 1653. a member of tlie colonial legislature at Hartford.

Connecticut, from 1647 to 1633. and was probably a leader in the

settlement of Southampton, the first luiglish settlement in the state of

New York. The Rev. John Moore died June 17. 1637.

Captain Samuel Moore, son of the Rev. John and Margaret

(Howell) Moore, was born proliably at Southampton. Long Island,

between the years 1643 and 1631. He was granted a tract of land at

New'ton in 1662; became a freeholder on Decemlier 4, 1666; a constable

in 1675: an f)verseer 1>etween 1677 and 1678. also between 1681 and

1683: appointed to choose delegates to assembly in New York: com-

missioner of town court from 1684 to 1685. 1686. 1687. 1688 to 1690;

on the committee to extend town limits in 1684: supervisor during the

years 1684 to 1687. and from that year to 1691 : on Dongan's Charter,

in 1686. received the rank of lieutenant: was appointed delegate to the

convention at New \'ork: prominent in Leister's insurrection, and was

commissioned captain of Newton militia on February 19, 1690. He OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1040

married Mary Reed, born in 1651, died in Newton on May 4, 1738. His death occurred in the same town on July 25, 171 7.

Justice Nathaniel Moore, son of Captain Samuel and Mary (Reed)

Moore, was born in Newton, Long Island. March 14, 1687. He removed from Long Island to New Jersey in 1708, and during that year he and Thomas Reed, John Cornwall and John Mott purchased thirteen hundred acres of land where Pennington, New Jersey, now stands. He was a trustee of the Pennington church from 1725 to 1726, trustee of parsonage and Latin school funds in 1731. a justice of the peace

in 1725, and was appointed lieutenant in tlie New Jersey militia. De- ceml>er i. 17 13. he married Joanna Prudden, born December 16. 1692,

daughter of the Rev. John Prudden. born in Milford, Connecticut.

November g. 1645. '^^^'^ December 11, 1725: Mr. Prudden was a grad-

uate of Harvard, principal of Roxbury Grammar School, pastor of

Jamaica, Long Island, in 1670, deputy to colonial assembly of New

^'()rk in 1689. and third pastor of First Church of Newark. New Jersey,

in 1692. Rev. John Prudden was a son of the Rev. Peter Prudden.

Ix)rn 1 60 1, died in 1656: was one of the founders of the colony of

New Haven, settled at Milford, Connecticut, in 1639. and was ap-

pointed judge in 1641 : in 1637 he married Joanna Boyse. of Wethers-

field. Connecticut. Nathaniel Moore died at Hopewell, New Jersey.

September 6, 1759; he was survived by his wife, who passed away

in 1768.

Captain John Moore, son of Nathaniel and Joanna (Prudden)

M(xjre. was born March 8. 171 5. at Hopewell, New Jersey. He served

in Colonel Samuel Hunt's regiment in the French and Indian war. He

married Keziah Phillips, daughter of Theophilus Phillips, of Maiden-

head, New Jersey, and Elizal)eth Betts, of Newton, Long Island, great-

great-granddaughter of the Rev. George Phillips. lx)rn in 1593. died in 1U50 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

1644, first pastor of Watertown, Massachusetts, in 1630, and great- granddaughter of Captain Richard Betts. born in 1613, died in 1713, of Ipswich, Massachusetts, 1648, and Newton, Long Island. Captain

Moore died at Hopewell, Septemljer 3, 1768.

Samuel Moore, son of Captain Joim and Keziah (Pliillips) Moore, was born in Hopewell, Hunterdon county, New Jersey, in 1745. He served as a minute-man in the Revolutionary war, and subsequently was a member of Captain John Mott's company. First Regiment, Hun- terdon county. New Jersey. He remo\ed tn I-^aston, Pennsylvania, in

1782. and his death occurred in tliat city on March 9, 1799. September

27. 1781, he married Sarah Green, lx)rn February 22. 1760. died Janu- ary 15, 1829. a daughter of Richard Green, who married Phebe

Moore (4), a daughter of Nathaniel (3). granddaughter of Captain

Samuel (2), and great-granddaughter of the Rev. John (i).

Samuel Moore, son of Samuel and Sarah ( Green '^ Mcxire, was

Ixirn in Easton. Pennsylvania, September 28, 1794. and died there on

June 18. 1883. He was educated in the schools of Philadelphia, and later served as second sergeant in the First Ciini])any. First Regiment,

Pennsyhania Volunteer Riflemen, in the war of 1812-14; \vas one of the editors and proprietors of the Spirit of Pennsylvania; in 1824 accompanied the Easton Guards, of which he had been ensign, to Phila-

delphia to take part in the reception to General Lafayette : was editor of the Belvidere, New Jersey, Apollo in 1830: clerk of the court of oyer and terminer from 1836 to 1839: clerk of the court of general quarter sessions of the peace under Governor Ritncr, meml^er of the firm of Mott, Schober & Company, of Philadelphia and Easton. importers of china, etc., from 1839 to 185 1, and retired from office in

1857; was a member of the Easton town council in 1853; justice from

1859 to 1874; chief burgess during 1860-1863, and active in all enter- or THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1051

prises and Ijenevolent work in Iiis t(nvn. He married, Noveml^er 27.

1S32. Elizabeth Barnes Wamsley, born September 20, 181 1, died Marcli

12, 1895. a native of Mansfield, Warren county. New Jersey; the cere- mony was performed by the Rev. James Castner.

James Wamsley, father of Elizabeth Barnes (Wamsley) Moore, was born in Ireland, September 29, 1770, died either in 1863 or 1865; he married Sarah Mott Potts, torn May 23, 1792, in Kingwood, New

Jersey, died May 26, 1883, daughter of Joseph Potts, who married

Sarah Mott in June, 1781, granddaughter of John Potts, and

Mercy King, great-granddaughter of Thomas Potts, Jr., Ixjrn in 171 3. died in 1731, and Susanna, of Bristol township, Philadelphia county, great-great-granddaughter of "Thomas Potts, Sr., the Quaker Preacher," wimni \\'iliiani Penn called "honest Thomas Potts."

Sarah Mott was the (laughter of Solomon Mott, of Xew York and Kingwood, Xew Jersey, and Elizal)eth Emley. granddaughter of

Gershon Mott. born in Hempstead, Long Island, removed to Xew

Hempstead. Xew York, died in 1759, and his wife Ruth, a great-granddaughter of Charles Mott. torn in Hempstead in 1676. died in 1740, the great-great-granddaughter of .\dam Mott, of Essex, England, born

in 1619, died in 1686. .ind his wife Elizabeth Redman, whom he married in 1667.

Mercy King, born June 4, 1738, in Kingwood, New Jersey, was

the (laughter of William King, lx>rn April r. 1714, in Kingw(xid, New

Jersey, and his wife Abigail Doughty, whom he married in 1737. the granddaughter of Joseph King, senior elder and overseer, torn in Flush-

ing, Long Island, in 1684, died in Hunterdon county. New Jersey, De-

cemtor 10. 1761, and his wife Marcia Nicholson, and the great-grand-

daughter of Ilarm.inus King, who left England to escape religious per-

secution and went to Holland, from thence emigrated to America in 10-.2 COMPENDIUM (>! HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

1676, (lied ill Burlington cnunty. Xew Jersey, in 1727. and his wife Mary.

Elizabeth Eniley was the daughter of John Eniley, Sr., Wnn in

169 1, died in 1761. niemhcr of the colonial assembly, and his wife

Sarah Lawrence, the i^rnnddaughler of William luiiley, Sr., born in

Nottingham, England, lie was one of the three commissioners to act in behalf of the West Jersey Society, arrived in New York in 1677 in the Kent, returned to England, and came to America again in 1678 in the Shield. He purchased land of the Indians, was a memlier of the general assembly, mernl^er of governor's council, and ilied in 1704. The

Emleys were Friends.

Abigail Doughty, born in \j\(k was a daughter of Jacob Doughty, of IHushing, Long Lsland, who removed to Xew Jersey, was a meml^er of the general assemblw judge of the court of common pleas of Bur- lington county, assistant judge of common pleas of Huterdon county,

"minister among Friends," and his wife Amy Whitehead, the granddaughter of Elias Doughty, born in i'')35, tlied in 1690, a justice of

Queens county. Long Island, and his wife Sarah, the great-granddaughter of the Rev. I-'rancis Doughty, Ixirn in Bristol,' England vicar of Sadbury, settled at Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1639, from which ])lacc he was driven by persecution and sought refuge in

Rhode Island; in 1641 he removed to Long Island, and was the predecessor of the Rev. John M

English in the church within Fort Amsterdam. In 1648 or 1649 he departed for the Virginias. His wife was Bridget Stone, a sister of

Governor Stone, of Maryland,

Marcia Nicholson was the daughter of George Nicholson, lK)rn in

England, who came to New Jersey in 1677, and his wife Hannah, who was prominent in the Society of Friends. OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1053

Amy Whitehead. Ix)rn in 1676, died in 1742. was the daughter of

Major Daniel W'liitehead, of Xewton, Long Island, lx)rn in 1646, died in 1704. justice of Queens county, member of assembly and county treasurer, and Abigail Stevenson, granddaughter of Daniel Whythead died in 1668, aged sixty-five, magistrate of Hempstead, patentee of

Newton, first puchaser of Horseneck from the Indians, overseer of New- ton, and his wife Jeannie Skidmore.

Lucy Stout, died in 1732, was a granddaughter of Richard Stout, died in 1705. who was on Long Island as early as 1643, two years later was a patentee of Gravesend, in 1664 a patentee in New Jersey, and a memlier of the general assembly of New Jersey.

Penelope Van Prince, ncc Lent, came from Holland. The vessel bringing iier and licr husband was wrecked in 1640 near Sandy Hook.

Her husband was killed by the Indians, and she was wounded and left for dead on the beach. A friendly Indian secreted her in a hollow tree, where she remained three days. He then carried her to New

York, where slie met Richard Stout, whom she married either in the year 1643 or 1645, after wliich they removed to New Jersey and settled in Middletown. She lived to be over one hundred years old.

Abigail Stevenson was the daughter of Edward Stevenson, who was probably a brother of Thomas Stevenson of Newtown, Long

Lsland.

James W. Moore, son of Samuel and Elizabeth B. (Wamsley)

Moore, was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, June 14. 1S44. In i860 he was the valedictorian at the graduating exercises of the Easton high

schcml : in 1864 was the Latin salutatorian of Lafayette College, from which he received the degree of Master of Arts in 1867; and in 1869 the degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred upon him by the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. Since January 8, 1866, he has been a mem- ;

1054 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

her of tlic faculty of Lafayette College, in which institution lie served as tutor from 1866 to 1868, adjunct professor from 1868 to 1872, professor of mathematics and experimental philosophy since 1872. The departments of physics and electrical engineering were organized under his direction, and the equipment of tlie lalwratories was accomplished hy him. He is the dean of the Pardee School of Science, a memljer of the American Philosophical Society. Fellow of the American Associ- ation for the Advancement of Science, Fellow of the American Academy

(jf Medicine, memhcr of the Pennsylvania State Medical Society, ex- president of tlic Northampton County Medical Society, conferee of the

International Congress of Flectricians, Philadelphia, in 1884. and

Chicago in 1893, meniher of the Sons of the Revolution, Historian

General of the Founders and Patriots of America, i6o7-i65;7. meml>er of the Phi Beta Kappa society, Nu Kappa Fpsilon society, and a numhcr of others. For four years he was a member of the legislative committee of tiie Pennsylvania State Medical Society, which succeeded in having passed the medical examiner's hill.

Dr. Moore has contributed a number of valuable papers on physical, sanitary and medical subjects in scientific and lay publications, and is the author of the following named works: "The Elements of Natural

Philosophy for the Use of Engineering Students," 1891 ; "The Elements of Natural Philosophy for the Use of Junior Students in College," 1891

"Methods of Investigation and Record Book of Experiments in Physics,"

1892; "Instruments and Methods of Physical Measurements," 1892;

"Simple Harmonic Motion," 1894; "Syllabus of a Course of Lectures on Heat," 1894; "Syllabus of a Course of Lectures on Electricity,"

1895; "Electro-dynamic Phenomena," 1888; "Notes on a Course of

Lectures on Light," 1889 ; "An Attempt to Analyze the Statistics of Dii)h- theria in Easton from 1888 to 1894 Inclusive," 1894, published in the Lc- OP THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1055

lii'^lt I 'alley Mcdlaii Magazine; "Some Thoughts on llie Necessary Pre-

liminary 'Iraining for the Medical Profession," 1893; Number 17,

" Bulletin (if the American Academy of Medicine;" "Some Sanitary

Questions," in "1 lansactions of the Northampton County Medical

Society; ' "Address on Hygiene," 1896, in "Transactions of Pennsyl-

vani;i State Medical StKicty;" "American Ancestral Chart of a Branch

(if the I'amily of the Rev. John Moore, of Newton, Long Island, which

settled in Pennsyvania in 1897;" "Records of the Kingwood Monthly

Meeting of Friends, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, 1900."

Dr. Moore married, July 30. 1874, Rachel Philips Flannery, daughter

of the Rev. James Flannery, of Philadelphia, (son of Michael Flannery

.ind Bridget O'Mara. his wife, who came to Wilmington, Delaware,

in 1814. fmni 'i"ii)])crary. 'i'yroue county, Ireland), and Margaret Hub-

hert Macdtinald. (laughter of John Macdonald (son of William Mac-

(Iduald (if (ierniantinvn, Pennsylvania, who came from the highlands of

Scotland to America, and Flizaheth Shocka) and FIizal)eth Hul)ljert,

daughter of Christian Hubbert (a soldier of the war of the Revolution,

who served for nearly four years as gunner in Captain Van Aehr's

Company of Artillery, under Colonel TlK^nas Proctor in the continental

establishment) and Margaret Walker, a descendant of a German

ancestrv. Dr. Moore was formerly a member of the Reformed Dutch

church, but is now a memlicr of the Presliyterian church. His political

at'fili.-itions ,-irc with the Repul)lican party.

THOMAS WTGHTMAN.

There is no one n.ation that has contributed to the complex com-

])osite makeup of our .\merican social fabric an element of more sterling

worth and of greater value in supporting and fostering our national 1050 COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

institutions tlian has tlie fair F.mcrald Tslc. From tliis source our rq>ul)lic has had nothing to lose and much to gain. Ireland lias given us men of sturdy integrity, indomitable perseverance, alert mentality and marked business sagacity,—the result being the incorporation of a strong and strength-giving fiber ramifying through warp and woof.

A man who may well look with pride upon his ancestral record is the subject of this sketch, who has been long and prominently identified with the industrial activities of the city of Pittsburg and who stands

forward as one of the city's active, progressive and successful business men. Not a pretentious or exalted life has been his. but one that has been true to itself and its possibilities and one to which the biograpliist ma\- turn with a feeling of respect and satisfaction, fur through his own efforts Mr. Wightman has attained a worthy suc-

cess in ;i material way. while his course in life has been ordered f>n that high plane of integrity and honor which ever gains confidence and

esteem.

Thomas Wightman is a native son of the F.mcrald Isle, having

been born near the ancient seai:)ort town of Xewtownards. on Lough

Strangford, county Down, about ten miles east of the city of Belfast,

the date of his nativity having been January 8, 1818. His father,

James Wightman, was a prosperous farmer of that locality and was of

Scotch-Irish lineage, being likewise a native of county Down, as was

also his wife, who maiden name was Martha Smiley. They l^ecame

the parents of nine sons and two daughters, of whom Thomas was

the youngest of the sons, and he is now the only survivor of that large

family of children. In the year 1825 James Wightman, in company

with his entire family, emigrated to America, and took up his residence

in Allegheny county. Pennsylvania, for fifteen years l)eing in Pitts-

burg, and in 1840 he purchased a tract of land and developed an ex- OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1057

tcnsixc fruit oiclirinl. ,qi\ins the same his attention (hiring the remainder ol' his life, and I)ein.q; i)ros])ere(i in liis endeavors. In speaking of the emigration of tlie family to the United States, tlie snl)ject of this sketch states that he considers tliis action taken hy liis lionored father as one of tlie most admirable achievements of his long and useful career, and the loyalty shown hy the family to the land of their adoption was of the most distinctive insistency. James \\'ightman was a member of the Presbyterian church, with which the family had been identified for more than two centuries, but for a time after coming to America he attended the serxices of the Protestant Episcopal church. lie was a man of unbending integrity and positive opinions, having strong intellectual ])owers and ever showing the courage of his convictions, though he was tolerant in his judgment of his fellow men and was animated by a most generous and kindly spirit. It is worthy of note that during the long coui^se of his life he was never once involved in litigation. —a fact which staufls in evidence of his straightforward course and of the fact that the shadow of wrong and injustice ne\'er clouded any portion of bis career. Plis wife passed away about five years after the family took up their abode in the United States, hut he lived to attain the venerable age of eighty-eight years, passing to his reward in the fulness of years and honors. It was the good fortune and pleasure of Thomas Wightman to visit his native land a few years since and to view the old stone house in which he was born and passed his boyhood days, the place having distinct sentimental interest and attraction for him.

Thomas \\'ightman's early educational advantages were such as were afforded in a little schoolhouse of rerl brick in the city of Pitts- burg, the same having as its presiding genius Mr. A. W. Campbell, one of the mo.st efficient instructors of the early days in this city, and Mr. li»5S COMPENDIUM OP HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

\\i<;litni;ui still retains in liis possession a nnniher of cards, designated as "rewards of merit." wliicli were presented tn liini l)y tliis honored teacher. wIkmii he holds in (grateful memory. At an early aijc he developed distinctive proficiency in nialheniatics. and alter lea\ing the day school to enter \\\)nn his business career he cuntinued his studies in night scliools and thus laid an excellent foundation fur that hmad and exact fund of knowledge whicii he has since gained hy judicious reading and through active participation in business affairs of wide scope.

At the age of fourteen years Mr. Wightnian secured a clcrkshi]) in a local grocery, where he was employed for a ]>eriod of two years, at the expiration of which, in 1834. he resigned and took a position in the glass nianufactor\- of William McC'ully, thus giving inceptinn tn his career in connection with a line of industry with which be has since been identified and along which he has attained distinctive success and prestige, controlling interests of marked scojje and importance. I'pon taking u]) his new duties he was assigned to the work of the ])acking ilep.'irtmcnt, and shortly after he entered the employ of Mr. McCully that gentleman was called to New Orleans and entrusted the cbrugc of the business to Mr. W'ightman. who was nr>t yet fifteen years of age.

In sjxjaking of the matter Mr. Wightnian said to our representative:

"I felt this to be a turning point in my career, and the responsibility of looking after the business, paying the men. etc.. was attended with much ])ersonal interest and with a (hie a])preciation of the trust in-

\-olved." His employer returned and was so much impressed with the discrimination and proficiency shown by the youth that he offered him the responsible position of superintendent of the factory, which be accepted, retaining the incumbency until the year 1S40, when, at the age of twenty-two years, he w^as admitted to partnersliip in the business, under the firm name of William McCully & Company. This OF THE STATE OP PENNSYLVANIA. 1059

association obtained until 185 1, wiien Mr. W'ightnian entered into partnershi]) witii Frederick Lorenz, a former I)usiness associate of Mr. Mc-

Cuily. .Mr. Lnrenz died very sud

Wightman for the benefit of creditors. Mr. Wightman simultaneously identified himself with the firm of Alexander D. Chambers' Sons, in the same line of enterprise. Atwood Lorenz, who had assumed charge of his father's interests, died shortly afterward, and Mr. Wightman thereupon resumed control of the business, which was conducted for a number of years under the firm name of Lorenz and Wightman, the title later being chruiged to Wightman & Company, Limited, wliile

finally the present name was adopted.—the Thomas Wightman Glass

Coni])any. under which ojierations lia\e been successfully carried for-

w.ird for the past eight years. In the city of Pittsburg the plant of

the concern comprises two large factories with the most improved ec|uipnicnt. one lieing devoted to the production of window glass and the other to lx)ttle glass, and in addition to this the company also maintain

factories at Parker's Landing and Monongahela, while a large jobbing

business is conducted in quarters at 204 Wood street, in the city of

Pittsburg. The careful attention, exceptional executive ability and prcH

gressive methods which have been brought to bear by Mr. Wightman

have lieen the potent factors in the building up of a magnificent enter-

prise, and his standing in the commercial world is shown in the implicit

confidence and esteem accorded him, and during the long term of years

representing his active identification with the business life of his home

city he has ever commanded the high regard of all with whom he has

come in contact or with whom he has had dealings.

In politics Mr. Wightman originally gave his support to the Whig

parly, having cast his first presidential vote for William Henry Har- lOGO COMPENDIUM Of HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

rison, but upon the organization of tlic Republican party he trans-

ferred his allegiance to the same and has ever since licen an uncompro-

mising advocate of the principles and policies for which it stands s])nnsor.

He is a zealous and consistent member of the Presbyterian cliurcii.

in whose faith he was reared, and for tliirly-six years he held manber-

ship in the old Fourth Presbyterian church, while at present he is

identified with the Bellefield church, of which he lias l)een an elder

for the long period of thirty years, doing all in his iK)wer to forward

the spiritual and material work of the church.

Mr. Wightman has imjwrtant capitalist interests aside from those

to which reference has been made. He is vice-president of the First

National Bank and of the People's Bank for Savings, and also the Safe

Deposit & Trust Company, implying, of course, a membership in the directorate of each of these important institutions, h'or man\- years

he has been a nienil)er of the Ixiard of trustees of the state reform school, and since 1882 he has held the office of president of the board, l)€ing recognized as a public-spirited citizen and as one ever ready to lend his aid and co-operation in the i>romoti()n of all worthy objects

for the general good. Mr. Wightman is the owner of valuable realty

in the city of Pittsburg, including his beautiful residence on Forties street, the same being located on a tract of ten acres and being one of the finest homes in the city.

Though now past the age of fourscore years Mr. Wightman is to l>e found each day .at his office, giving his personal supervision to his business affairs and showing a mental and physical vigor which would be a credit to one of far less years, and indicating that his life has been one which has never infringed nature's laws. —a clean and noble life which has been prolific in practical usefulness and in kindly deeds. He

is a fine type of the self-made man in the sense of the often misapplied OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1061

term, and in cxcn this cursory review of liis career tliere may be gained lessons

In conclusion of this sketch we will achert liriefly to the domestic chapter in this life history. On the 30th of July, 1845, ^^'- Wightman was united in marriage to Miss Isabella Ruth Russell, a daughter of

John Russell, one of the prominent merchants of Pittsburg in the early days. It was the ])rivilege of Mr. Wightman and his devoted and cherished wife to celebrate on July 30, 1902. the fifty-seventh anniversary of their marriage. They Ijecame the parents of nine children, all of whom are living save one. and the family home is one in which the refined amenities of social life have ever been in evidence, while the same is a center of gracious ho.spitality. The names of the children are

here entered in order of their birth : John R.. James Smiley, Algernon,

Sidney. William Henry, Mary Noble (died in 1890 at the age of twenty- eight years). Samuel Ralston, Isabella Ruth and Thomas. Jr. The eldest son is an archdeacon in the Protesant Episcopal church. Iieing identified with the missionary work in his home city, and four of the other sons are associated with their father's business, while it is a matter of gratitiule and satisfaction to Mr. Wightman anil his wife that none of the children have removed far from the old home, to which they all come at Christmas-tide and other festal occasions with rare exceptions, the family relations being of ideal nature. 1062 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

CHARLES HOWELL LOCHER.

For five generations members of the Locher family lia\c followed one line of industry, beginning it among the hills of Maryland as an accessory to extensive farming operations, and pursuing il w ith acceler- ated skill and profit. To Charles Howell L(5cher, president (jf the City

Savings Fund aiul Trust Company, of Lancaster, the industry has been only a means to extensive financial and business oijerations in which he has been most successfully interested.

Se\en generations hack Ilenr\- Locher, the founder of the family in America, left his native linme in Switzerland and settled in the colony of Virginia. Some of his descendants removed to Maryland, where Jacob Locher, the grand fatlicr of Charles Howell, owned and operated a large farm on the Hagerstown pike, (jne hundred and twelve acres of which remained until very recentl\- in the possession of the family. Jacob Locher also followed tiie ancestral occupation of tanner and currier, as did his father and grandfather before him. He was a patriotic American, and during the war of 1812 enlisted from Maryland in the American army. He married Mary Grove, the daughter of an extensive farmer of Maryland, and removed to Lancaster county, Penn- sylvania, later continuing the leather trade at Harrisburg, where he died at the age of sixty-two years. His wife survived to the age of seventy- three, passing away in 1871.

David P. Locher, the father of Charles Howell, was born at

Sheperdstown, Virginia, now West Virginia, on the banks of the Po- tomac, in July, 1827. He came with his parents to Lancaster county, and in the early days of his manh(x)d became interested in business, which he prosecuted most successfully throughout life, becoming one of the best known business men in Lancaster. He built a small tan- OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 1063

iiery on South Prince street, whicli lie operated fur two years, and then greatly enlarged the plant, operating the same successfully until

1868. In 1876 he bought a tannery on South Prince street, which he extended and operated most profital>ly until his death. He also owned and conducted an excellent and well inijiroved farm of one hundred and twenty acres in Manheim township, Lancaster county, which is still in llie ])ossessinn of tiie family. He was greatly interested in fine stock, and his herd of blooded Jersey cattle was tiie admiration of the farming coniniunit\- fftr many miles around. He was an admirable judge of horses, and kept a fine stable in Lancaster, his four-in-hand of Ilambletonian breed being the only one in the city for many years.

It was in i^/O that lie engaged in the l)anking business with his son

Charles Howell, who has since followed that foundation branch of finance w it!) remarkable success. In Xovemlier. 1S48, David P. Locher was married, at Lancaster, to Clementina M.. daughter of Robert Evans, a merchant of Lancaster. To this union were lx)rn four sons. Charles

Howell, Robert E., Grove and Clement E., the three last named being, respectively, president, secretary and treasurer of the Park Run Tan- ning Company, incorporated in 1895. they being the successors to the business so successfully conducted l)y their father. The death of David

P. Locher occurred February 11. 1884, when he was nearly fifty-seven years of age. His widow survives, residing in Lancaster, on East King street. She is a devout member of the Presbyterian church, and a lady most highly esteemed for her many womanly and Christian qualities.

Charles Howell Locher was born at Pottsville, Pennsylvania,

October .21. 1849. The following year his parents returned to Lancaster, and there lie spent his boyhood days. He attended the city schools. and from the Lancaster high school, in February, 1867, entered the ;

1064 COMPENDIUM OF HISTORY AND GENEALOGY

bank ul Evans, ilcEvoy ami Company, as a clerk. While j^aining ex-

perience there he acquired a taste for a financial career. On tlie 30th of November, 1870, the business of Evans, McEvo\- and Company was purchased by his father .-nul liim.self, under the thin name of D. P.

Locher and Son. the partncrshi|) cimlinuing until the death of the

father, in 18CS4. The hank then became the property of Charles H. and

Robert IL. his brother. It is now the City Savings Eund and Trust

Company, located at the corner of West King and Penn square, and has a paid-up capital of one htnidrcd and fifty thousand tloUars. Charles

Howell Locher is president and one of the directors.

Mr. Locher has also been interested in many other successful business enterprises. In June. 1894. in ci)m|)any with John Keller and

Michael Rcilly. he purchased the Lancaster and Ouarryvillc Narrow

Gauge Railroad, fifteen miles in length. The compan\- was reorganized, with Mr. Locher as president, and he operated the road in connection with the board of directors until December 28. 1899. when the property

was sold for three hundred ruid fifty thousand tlollars t(j the Pennsyl-

vania Railroad Company. Mr. Locher is also interested in the Park

Run Tanning Company, incorporated in 1895. Ijy the consolidation of

the Conestoga Oak Tannery and the Park Run Tannery, both owned by Mr. Locher and brothers. The si.x stockholders were Mr. LiKhcr. iiis three brothers, his mother, and George Greiner, foreman, who is now deceased. In 1894 Mr. Locher was one of the organizers of the Citizens'

Power, Light and Heating Company, which sold their pro]>erty at a handsome profit to the Edison Company. He is now director and treasurer of the Lancaster Electric Light, Power and Heating Company.

For the past twenty years he has been a stockholder and the secretary of the Lancaster Hotel Company; he is treasurer of the Conestoga Fire

Insurance Company, having one hundred thousand dollars' capital OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. lOtiS and president of the Lancaster and Columbia Railway Company. He is also treasurer of the Woodward Cemetery Association. In 1887 he laid out an addition to Harrisburg. a tract of thirteen acres, which was subsequently sold in building lots at a handsome profit, and is now well improved.

Mr. Lnciier is recognized as one of Lancaster's most capable and successful business men. Wliilc jjrospering to an unusual degree in his own l)usiness afifairs. bis success contributes also to the general advancement of the citv. for bis investments and enterprises are con- structi\e in their nature and insure the general welfare. He is public- spirited and generous in dis])osition, and earnestly supports those measures that ]jroniise to i)romote the best interests of Lancaster.

Mr. Locber was married at I'ittsburg. fennsylvania. in 1872. to

Miss Lila S. Reno, a nati\e of Bea\er county, Pennsylvania, and .1 daughter of F.li Reno, who was a farmer and was also engaged in steam-

Ixiating. io Mr. ;ind Mrs. L

Mira E., James R.. Lila R. and Robert I".. David R. is president of the I'"astcrn Milling and I'.xixirt Companv of Philadelphia: he was married October j^, i(;oi. to Miss Mary Esbleman, of Lancaster. Mira

I'., married Jay \'c\in .Slirodcr. manufacturer of ]);iints in Lancaster, and the\' ha\e one child. J;i\ X.. Jr. Lila R. was married .\pril \2,

1902. to I'rcderick .Vtwood Mc\'ay. tre.isurcr of the Pittsburg Trust

Compan\'.

In i)olitics Mr. Locber is ;i Republican, ami is serving at present

IS a member of the school board of Lancaster.

1 f

/1 r ^:J^.^ »>•

^ v\^ :»-

~t>;jk .^ ^Sf. - . f -r\. >Wlf\ ('I »^

III iiii ii(ii||[||||||||,|;|| III [ 1 1 II D 000 265 146

311 ^^•^ 4 :^

University of California SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY the library Return this material to borrowed. from which it was

' J^^ ^j/:' /;

4 A ^.

)L\A'^^^^LL^ J?S«fP-^.^